This is a list of European

automobile A car or automobile is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of ''cars'' say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people instead of goods. The year 1886 is regarde ...

manufacturers by country. It is a subset of the

list of automobile manufacturers This is a list of notable automobile manufacturers with articles on Wikipedia by country. It includes companies that are in business as well as defunct manufacturers. Only companies that have articles here are included. A Algeria * SNVI ...

for manufacturers based in European countries. It includes companies that are in business as well as defunct manufacturers.

International European brands

Anglo-French Anglo-French (or sometimes Franco-British) may refer to: *France–United Kingdom relations *Anglo-Norman language or its decendants, varieties of French used in medieval England *Anglo-Français and Français (hound), an ancient type of hunting d ...

* Intrall *

Magomobil MÁG stands for "Magyar Általános Gépgyár Rt" (Hungarian General Engine Works Company Limited). It was the most prevalent Hungarian vehicle manufacturer before World War II, and was based in Budapest. Its roots date back to 1901, when ''Podvi ...

– Austro-Hungarian

Armenia

ErAZ ErAZ or Yerevanskiy Avtomobilny Zavod ( hy, ԵրԱԶ or Երևանի ավտոմոբիլային գործարան, russian: ЕрАЗ or Ереванский Автомобильный Завод, , Yerevan Automobile Plant), was an Armenian automo ...

Austria

Austro-Daimler Austro-Daimler was an Austro-Hungarian automaker company, from 1899 until 1934. It was a subsidiary of the German ''Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft'' (DMG) until 1909. Early history In 1890, Eduard Bierenz was appointed as Austrian retailer. The ...

Austro-Tatra The Austro-Tatra was a car made by Austro-Tatra-Werke, Vienna, from 1934 to 1948. After World War I and the subdivision of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, the administration, (headquartered in Vienna) and factory (located in Nesselsdorf (Koprivnice), ...

Custoca Custoca (also Custoka), was a low-volume Austrian car manufacturer established by Gerhard Höller in 1966 to build and sell kit cars. Models included the Ford GT40-inspired Hurrycane introduced in 1971, the Lamborghini-like Strato, and, beginning i ...

(also known as Custoka) * Denzel *

Eurostar Automobilwerk The Eurostar Automobilwerk GesmbH & Co. KG is a former subsidiary of the automotive corporation DaimlerChrysler. It was established in 1990, and it mainly produced Chrysler automobiles at the factory located in Graz- Liebenau, Austria. In 2002, i ...

Felber Autoroller The Felber Autoroller T 400 was a three-wheeled microcar with a rear-mounted 398 cc Rotax two cylinder opposed twin, two stroke engine. The cars had an unusual seating arrangement, with a small child-sized seat behind the driver on the left an ...

Gräf & Stift Gräf & Stift was an Austrian manufacturer of automobiles, trucks, buses and trolleybuses, from 1902 until 2001, latterly as a subsidiary of MAN. It was founded in 1902 by the brothers Franz, Heinrich and Karl Gräf, and the investor, Wilhelm ...

Grofri Grofri was a brand of cars manufactured in Austria from 1921 to 1931 (1924 to 1927 under licence from the French Amilcar). SV 903 cc or 1074 cc four-cylinder engines were used in these sporting cyclecars. Racing versions were also mad ...

KTM KTM AG (Kraftfahrzeug Trunkenpolz Mattighofen, formerly KTM Sportmotorcycle AG) is an Austrian motorcycle, bicycle and sports car manufacturer owned by Pierer Mobility AG and the Indian manufacturer Bajaj Auto. It was formed in 1992 but traces ...

* Libelle *

Lohner–Porsche The Lohner–Porsche Mixed Hybrid (sometimes incorrectly referred to as ''Löhner–Porsche'') was the first gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle. It was developed by Ferdinand Porsche at Lohner-Werke. The first prototypes were two-wheel drive, ...

(1900–1905) *

Magna Steyr Magna Steyr AG & Co KG is an automobile manufacturer based in Graz, Austria, where its primary manufacturing plant is also located. It is a subsidiary of Canadian-based Magna International and was previously part of the Steyr-Daimler-Puch cong ...

* Möve 101 *

ÖAF ÖAF is an initialism for Österreichische Automobil-Fabrik (literally ''Austrian automobile factory''), previously known as Österreichische Austro-Fiat, an Austrian (Austro-Hungarian) car and truck manufacturer that now is completely incorporat ...

Puch Puch () is a manufacturing company located in Graz, Austria. The company was founded in 1899 by the industrialist Johann Puch and produced automobiles, bicycles, mopeds, and motorcycles. It was a subsidiary of the large Steyr-Daimler-Puch cong ...

Steyr automobile Steyr was an Austrian automotive brand, established in 1915 as a branch of the ''Österreichische Waffenfabriks-Gesellschaft'' (ÖWG) weapon manufacturing company. Renamed ''Steyr-Werke AG'' in 1926 and merged with Austro-Daimler and Puch into Stey ...

, Steyr Motors GmbH and Steyr-Daimler-Puch *

Rosenbauer The Rosenbauer Group is one of the world’s three largest manufacturers of fire-service vehicles and firefighting equipment, based in Leonding, Austria. Rosenbauer supplies the fire fighting sector in over 100 countries with a wide range of cus ...

Tushek&Spigel Supercars Tushek & Spigel Supercars GmbH is an Austrian-Slovenian manufacturer of supercars, founded in Slovenia under the name 'Tushek' and based in Graz Graz (; sl, Gradec) is the capital city of the Austrian state of Styria and second-largest cit ...

Azerbaijan

*Azermash *

AzSamand AzSamand was an automobile factory belonging to Evsen Group Company located in Şamaxı, Azerbaijan. History The project opened in October 2005, with the support of the Government of Azerbaijan. The automobiles branded "Aziz" have the "AzSamand" ...

*AzUniversal Motors *BakAZ *

Ganja Auto Plant Ganja Auto Plant ( az, Gəncə Avtomobil Zavodu) is an auto assembly plant situated in the Ganja city in Azerbaijan. The factory was founded in 1986 as KiAZ (Kirovabad Automobile Plant) for a production of run of 30,000 "GAZelle" vans according to ...

*Khazar *

Nakhchivan Automobile Plant Nakhchivan Automobile Plant ( az, Naxçıvan Avtomobil Zavodu), better known as NAZ, is an automobile manufacturer in the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic of Azerbaijan. History Nakhchivan Automobile Factory was founded in 2006. It was put into o ...

Belarus

* Amkodor *

BelAZ BelAZ ( be, Беларускі аўтамабільны завод, translit=Belaruski autamabilny zavod, lit=Belarusian Automobile Plant, russian: Белорусский автомобильный завод or БелАЗ) is a Belarusian aut ...

Belkommunmash OJSC "Holding Management Company "Belkommunmash" ( be, ААТ "Кіруючая кампанія холдынгу «Белкамунмаш», Belkamunmash), is a Belarusian manufacturer of electric public transport vehicles. The enterprise was bas ...

GomSelMash Gomselmash (trade name — Open Joint Stock Company "Gomselmash") is a Belarusian manufacturer of agricultural machinery based in Gomel. History The construction of an agricultural machinery plant in Gomel began in 1928. October 15, 1930, is co ...

* GZLIN * Lidagroprommash *

Minsk Automobile Plant Minsk Automobile Plant (MAZ) ( be, Адкрытaе Акцыянэрнaе Таварыства «Мінскі аўтамабільны завод», ''Open JSC Minski Autamabilny Zavod'', russian: Минский автомобильный зав� ...

MoAZ Mogilvskiy Avtomobilny Zavod imeni S. M. Kirova, abbreviated MoAZ, ( be, Магілёўскі аўтамабільны завод (МаАЗ)/russian: Могилевский автомобильный завод имени С. М. Кирова (MoA ...

* MTZ *

MZKT MZKT (''МЗКТ'' or ''МЗКЦ'', be, Мінскі завод колавых цягачоў, , Minsk Wheel(ed) Tractor Plant (MWTP)) is a manufacturer of heavy off-road vehicles, especially military trucks, based in Minsk, in Belarus; it was ...

Neman The Neman, Nioman, Nemunas or MemelTo bankside nations of the present: Lithuanian: be, Нёман, , ; russian: Неман, ''Neman''; past: ger, Memel (where touching Prussia only, otherwise Nieman); lv, Nemuna; et, Neemen; pl, Niemen; ...

Unison In music, unison is two or more musical parts that sound either the same pitch or pitches separated by intervals of one or more octaves, usually at the same time. ''Rhythmic unison'' is another term for homorhythm. Definition Unison or per ...

Belgium

* ADK (1922-1930) *

Alatac The Alatac was an automobile built by Automobiles Catala of Braine-le-Comte, Belgium, from 1913 to 1914. The company had its HQ in the Rue Ten Bosch in Brussels and its manufacturing plants in Braine le Comte. Production ended in 1914 with the i ...

(1913-1914) * ALP (1920) * Antoine (1900-1903) *

Apal Apal is a small-scale automobile company originally from Belgium. Phase 1 -APAL - s.à.r.l. Application Polyester Armé de Liège (1961–1998) Glass-fibre specialist ''Edmond Pery'' founded this small automobile manufacturing company in Ble ...

(1964-1998) * Astra (1930) *

Auto-Mixte Auto-Mixte built cars between 1906 and 1912 using a hybrid-technology under license from Pieper Anciens Etablissements Pieper was a Belgian arms manufacturer established under the name Henri Pieper in Herstal, Belgium in 1884 (some sources, 186 ...

(1906-1912) * Belga Rise (1928-1937) *

De Wandre The De Wandre was a Belgian automobile manufactured around 1923. Called "the elegant spider", it was a wire-wheeled sports car using the chassis and running gear of the Model T Ford. See also *Delecroix The Delecroix was a Belgian automobile ...

(c. 1923) *

Delecroix The Delecroix was a Belgian automobile A car or automobile is a motor vehicle with wheels. Most definitions of ''cars'' say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people instea ...

(1899) *

Edran Edran is a Belgium, Belgian automobile manufacturer. The company was founded in 1984 by André Hanjoul. The first car to be displayed in public was the Edran Spyder MK I at the 1994 Brussels Motor Show. In 2006, the company introduced its newest sp ...

* Exelsior (1903-1930) *

Flaid The Flaid was a Belgian automobile manufactured from 1920 until 1921 in Liège. A 10/12 hp light car with 1095 cc four-cylinder engine, it was designed for export to Britain Britain most often refers to: * The United Kingdom, a sovere ...

(1920-1921) * FN (1899–1939) *

Gillet Gillet is a Belgian automobile manufacturer, started in 1992 by former racing driver Tony Gillet. The company produces the Vertigo sports coupé, an ultra-lightweight (990 kg) 'bespoke' and hand-built sportscar. The slogan of the company i ...

* Impéria *

Jeecy-Vea The Jeecy-Vea was a Belgian automobile manufactured from 1925 until 1926 by a company more famous for its motor cycles. A limited-production light car, it was manufactured by a motorcycle factory in Brussels, and featured a 750 cc Coventry-Cli ...

(1925-1926) *

Juwel The Juwel was a Belgian automobile manufactured from 1923 until 1927 in Waremme by Société des Automobiles Juwel. Initial plans called for a mass-produced 1100 cc four cylinder tourer and two models were shown at the 1922 Brussels Motor Sh ...

(1923-1928) *

Meeussen Meeussen is a former Belgian car manufacturer. The brothers Meeussen were car manufacturers between 1955 and 1972. They built a van from a VW Beetle Beetles are insects that form the order Coleoptera (), in the superorder Endopterygota ...

(1955-1972) * Métallurgique (1898–1928) *

Minerva Minerva (; ett, Menrva) is the Roman goddess of wisdom, justice, law, victory, and the sponsor of arts, trade, and strategy. Minerva is not a patron of violence such as Mars, but of strategic war. From the second century BC onward, the Rom ...

(1902-1939) * Nagant (1859-1931) *

Pieper Anciens Etablissements Pieper was a Belgian arms manufacturer established under the name Henri Pieper in Herstal, Belgium in 1884 (some sources, 1866), by Henri Pieper. In 1898, it was renamed to Nicolas Pieper, and it became the Anciens Etablis ...

(1899–1912) *

Pipe Pipe(s), PIPE(S) or piping may refer to: Objects * Pipe (fluid conveyance), a hollow cylinder following certain dimension rules ** Piping, the use of pipes in industry * Smoking pipe ** Tobacco pipe * Half-pipe and quarter pipe, semi-circular ...

(1898–1914) * Springuel (1907-1914) *

Van Hool Van Hool NV () is a Belgium, Belgian family-owned coachbuilder and manufacturer of buses, Coach (bus), coaches, trolleybuses, and Semi-trailer, trailers. Most of the buses and coaches are built entirely by Van Hool, with engines and axle ...

Vivinus Vivinus cars were made by Ateliers Vivinus S.A., a company founded in 1899 in Schaerbeek, Brussels. The company was renamed Automobiles Vivinus S.A. in 1908. The owner, Alexis Vivinus (1860-1929), had made bicycles in the 1890s and become an im ...

(1899–1914)

Bosnia and Herzegovina

* Tvornica Automobila Sarajevo (TAS)

Bulgaria

* Balcancar record *Balkan *BG Car *

Bulgarrenault Bulgarrenault (or Bulgar Renault) was an automobile produced in the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria, and the result of a collaboration between Metalhim (a Bulgarian defence firm) and Bulet (a Bulgarian export trade organisation). Production lasted for f ...

(1966-1970) * Bulgaralpine (1966-1970) * Chavdar *Kenta *KTA Madara * Litex Motors (2008-2017) * Moskvitch Aleko (1966-1990) * Pirin-Fiat (1967-1971) *Preslav *

SIN In a religious context, sin is a transgression against divine law. Each culture has its own interpretation of what it means to commit a sin. While sins are generally considered actions, any thought, word, or act considered immoral, selfish, s ...

Sofia Sofia ( ; bg, София, Sofiya, ) is the capital and largest city of Bulgaria. It is situated in the Sofia Valley at the foot of the Vitosha mountain in the western parts of the country. The city is built west of the Iskar river, and h ...

Croatia

DOK-ING DOK-ING d.o.o. is a Croatian company which manufactures electric vehicles, unmanned multi-purpose vehicles and robotic systems, established in 1992. History The electric motors for their vehicles are largely supplied by the Pula-based company T ...

Đuro Đaković Đuro Đaković (30 November 1886 – 25 April 1929) was a Yugoslav metal worker, communist and revolutionary. Đaković was the organizational secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia, from April 1928 to April ...

Rimac The Recreation, Intramural, and Athletic Complex (RIMAC, ) is a sports complex at the University of California San Diego comprising an arena, a weight room and various other event and athletic facilities. It is one of the largest college athleti ...

* TAZ * Tomo Vinković

Cyprus

* KMC * Andys Motors

Czech Republic

Active brands

* Avia (1919–present) *

Gordon Gordon may refer to: People * Gordon (given name), a masculine given name, including list of persons and fictional characters * Gordon (surname), the surname * Gordon (slave), escaped to a Union Army camp during the U.S. Civil War * Clan Gordon, ...

(1997–present) * Jawa (1929–present) *

Kaipan Kaipan is a small Czech vehicle manufacturer in Smržovka focused on producing roadsters. History The company was founded in 1992, but the first car, Kaipan 47 based on Lotus Seven (1957-1972), has been manufactured since 1997. Later it was r ...

(1997–present) * Hyundai Czech (2008–present) *

Karosa Karosa ( cs, Továrna na Kočáry, Automobily, Rotory, Obráběcí stroje, Sekací stroje a Autobusy, en, Factory for carriages, cars, rotors, machine tools, cutting machines and buses) was a bus manufacturer in Vysoké Mýto in the Czech Republ ...

(1896–present (since 2007 IVECO BUS)) * MTX / Metalex (1969–present) *

Praga Praga is a district of Warsaw, Poland. It is on the east bank of the river Vistula. First mentioned in 1432, until 1791 it formed a separate town with its own city charter. History The historical Praga was a small settlement located at ...

(1907–present) *

Škoda Škoda means ''pity'' in the Czech and Slovak languages. It may also refer to: Czech brands and enterprises * Škoda Auto, automobile and previously bicycle manufacturer in Mladá Boleslav ** Škoda Motorsport, the division of Škoda Auto respons ...

(1895–present) *

SOR Libchavy SOR Libchavy (Sdružení Opravárenství a Rozvoje) is a Czech manufacturer of buses for urban, intercity and tourist traffic and trolleybuses. It was established in Libchavy in 1991. History Until 1990, the company produced and repaired agricul ...

(1991–present) * Tatra (1850–present) * TEDOM (1991–present) * TPCA (Toyota Peugeot Citroën Automobile Czech) (2002–present) *

Zetor Zetor (since January 1, 2007, officially Zetor Tractors a.s.) is a Czech agricultural machinery manufacturer. It was founded in 1946. The company is based in Brno, Czech Republic. Since June 29, 2002, the only shareholder has been a Slovak co ...

(1946–present) * Sigma motor (2017-present)

Former brands

Aero Aero is a Greek prefix relating to flight and air. In British English, it is used as an adjective related to flight (e.g., as a shortened substitute for aeroplane). Aero, Ærø, or Aeros may refer to: Aeronautics Airlines and companies * Aero ...

(1929-1947) * LIAZ (1951-2002) * Velorex (1951-1971) * Walter (1909-1954) *RAF (Reichenberger Automobil Fabrik) (1907-1954) * Wikov (1925–37) *

Zbrojovka Brno Pre-war Československá zbrojovka, akc.spol. (or a.s.) (Czechoslovak Armory)and post-war Zbrojovka Brno, n.p.(Brno Armory) was a maker of small arms, light artillery, and motor vehicles in Brno, Czechoslovakia. It also made other products and ...

(1923–36) * Rösler & Jauernig (1896-1908) * Aspa (1924–25) *Gatter (1926–37) *

Gnom gnom (gnome) was a Norwegian folk music band, the third band started by Janove Ottesen and Geir Zahl. Despite being relatively obsolete on the Norwegian musical scene, it is an important part of the creation of Kaizers Orchestra. History A ...

(1921–24) * Hakar *

ISIS Isis (; ''Ēse''; ; Meroitic: ''Wos'' 'a''or ''Wusa''; Phoenician: 𐤀𐤎, romanized: ʾs) was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world. Isis was first mentioned in the Old Kin ...

(1922–24) * KAN (1911–14) * Premier (1913–14) * Sibrava (1921–29) * Start (1921–31) *

Stelka Rudolf Stelšovský, výroba automobilů was a Czech Republic, Czech automobile manufacturer. History Originally established in 1899 by Rudolf Stelšovský and produced farm machineries. In 1922 Stelšovský started producing cars under the brand ...

(1920-1922) * Hoffmann & Novague (2014-2020)

Denmark

* Alfgang (1912-1914) *

Anglo-Dane The Anglo-Dane was a Danish automobile manufactured by H. C. Fredriksen of Copenhagen from 1902 to 1917. Fredriksen began by building bicycles in the 1890s; for these, he used British parts - hence the hyphenated name. The first cars were light ...

(1902-1917) * Brems (1900-1904) * Bukh & Gry (1904-1905) * Dana (c. 1908-1914) * Danish Automobile Building * Dansk (1901-1908) * DK (1950) * Ellemobil (1909-1913) * Gideon (1913-1920) * Hammel (1887-1888) * Houlberg (c. 1913-1921) *

Hydrema Hydrema is a dump truck manufacturer based in Støvring, Denmark, founded in 1959. They have specialized in the manufacture of articulated light dump trucks and earth moving equipment. A variety of models are produced, with a payload of up to 20 t ...

* Kewet * Thrige (1911-1918) * Zenvo

Estonia

* ESTfield * Tartu Autode Remondi Katsetehas (TARK, Tartu Cars' Repair Testing Factory) * RexeR

Finland

* Elcat *

Electric Raceabout Electric Raceabout (''ERA'') is an all-electric sports car developed by the Helsinki Metropolia University of Applied Sciences. It contains lithium-titanate batteries, four direct drive electric motors, and a carbon fiber monocoque chassis wit ...

(prototype, not in production) *

Finlandia ''Finlandia'', Op. 26, is a tone poem by the Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. It was written in 1899 and revised in 1900. The piece was composed for the Press Celebrations of 1899, a covert protest against increasing censorship from the Russian ...

(1922–1924) * Korvensuu (1912–1913) *

Sisu Auto Sisu Auto is a truck manufacturer based in Raseborg, Finland. Its name comes from the Finnish word '' sisu'' meaning guts, grit and determination. Sisu Auto has a subsidiary company, "Sisu Defence", producing high mobility tactical vehicles f ...

Toroidion Toroidion was a Finland, Finnish car manufacturer domiciled in Pohja, Raseborg. On March 3, 2022, the company filed for bankruptcy. 1MW Concept In 2015 Toroidion introduced a concept car: the electric supercar 1MW Concept. Toroidion Ltd claimed ...

(prototype, not yet in production) *

Valmet Automotive Valmet Automotive (formerly known as Saab-Valmet) is a Finnish vehicle contract manufacturer and supplier for the development and production of battery systems as well as a supplier for roof and kinematic systems. In its development, the Valme ...

* Vanaja (1943–1968) *

Valtra Valtra is an agricultural machinery manufacturer based in Äänekoski, Finland. Valtra's products include tractors, combine harvesters, sugar cane harvesters, self-propelled sprayers and seed drills. Valtra has been part of the American AGCO Cor ...

* Veemax (racecar, 1960s - 1978) * Wiima

France

Germany

Greece

* Alta (1968-1978) *

Attica Attica ( el, Αττική, Ancient Greek ''Attikḗ'' or , or ), or the Attic Peninsula, is a historical region that encompasses the city of Athens, the capital of Greece and its countryside. It is a peninsula projecting into the Aegean S ...

(1958-1972) *

Autokinitoviomihania Ellados Autokinitoviomihania Ellados (Greek Car Industry) was founded in Athens in 1975 by a group of Greek businessmen, including the owners of the company importing Fiat in Greece. History The new company made a rather ambitious appearance in the Gre ...

(1975-1984) *

Automeccanica Automeccanica was a Greek automobile producing company. Founded in 1979, it was one of the companies that produced the "passenger-utility" type of vehicle popular in Greece at the time for tax categorization reasons. Its creators were former execu ...

(1980-1995) * Balkania (1975-1995) *

BET Black Entertainment Television (acronym BET) is an American basic cable channel targeting African-American audiences. It is owned by the CBS Entertainment Group unit of Paramount Global via BET Networks and has offices in New York City, Los ...

(1965-1975) *

Biamax BIAMAX ''(Proper Greek pronunciation Viamax)'' was a Greek vehicle manufacturer. In the late 70's it was one of the biggest Greek companies, operating three factories (in Athens, where its headquarters were located, Thessaloniki and Larissa) ...

BIOMAN is Toei Company's eighth installment in the Super Sentai metaseries. Its 51 episodes aired on TV Asahi from February 4, 1984 to January 26, 1985, replacing ''Kagaku Sentai Dynaman'' and was replaced by ''Dengeki Sentai Changeman'' with a movie b ...

BIOMOT Biomot (its badge was only in Greek, the brand spelled " grc-x-medieval, Βιομότ") was a small manufacturer of three-wheeled trucks and other metal products, based in Patras, Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Helleni ...

Bouhagier Patras Bouhagier Patras (Μπουχάγιερ Πάτραι) or Buhayer Patras was considered to be the longest-lived vehicle body manufacturer in Greece. It was founded in 1890 and dissolved in 2004. The name ''Bouhagier'' was the corrupted version o ...

* C.AR (1970-1992) * Diana *

DIM Dim may refer to: * Dim, a rhinoceros beetle in the 1998 Disney/Pixar animated film ''A Bug's Life'' * ''Dim'' (album), the fourth studio album by Japanese rock band The Gazette * Dim, Amur Oblast, a rural locality in Amur Oblast, Russia * Dim, ...

(1977-1982) *

ELBO Elbo was, according to Herodotus' ''Histories'', a man-made island of ash and earth where the blind Egyptian king Anysis lived during his 50 years of exile while the Ethiopian king Sabacos ruled Egypt. Supposedly, the island was built up because Eg ...

* Grezda (1969-1985) *

Hercules Hercules (, ) is the Roman equivalent of the Greek divine hero Heracles, son of Jupiter and the mortal Alcmena. In classical mythology, Hercules is famous for his strength and for his numerous far-ranging adventures. The Romans adapted the ...

(1980-1983) * Korres *

MEBEA MEBEA was an important Greek vehicle manufacturer, producer of light trucks, passenger automobiles, motorcycles, motorbike engines, agricultural machinery and bicycles. Activities MEBEA was founded in Athens in 1960 by the merger of two compan ...

(1960-1983) * Motoemil *

NAMCO was a Japanese multinational video game and entertainment company, headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo. It held several international branches, including Namco America in Santa Clara, California, Namco Europe in London, Namco Taiwan in Kaohsiung, ...

Neorion Neorion is one of the oldest Greek heavy industries, located in Ermoupolis, on the Greek island of Syros. Today, it is one of the few remaining major industrial corporations in what used to be the industrial and commercial center of Greece, befo ...

(1974-1975) *

Pan-Car Pan-Car was a Greece, Greek producer of automobiles and light trucks, operating between 1968 and 1994. As was often the case in Greece, its name comes from that of its founder, Panayiotis Caravisopoulos. In 1968 it was one of many Greek companies ...

(1968-1994) * Replicar Hellas * SAM * Saracakis *

Scavas Scavas is the name of sports cars designed by Greek engineer Vassilios Scavas that were never industrially produced. After gaining experience from working at Biamax BIAMAX ''(Proper Greek pronunciation Viamax)'' was a Greek vehicle manuf ...

(1973-1992) *

Sfakianakis The Sfakianakis group of companies is a Greek conglomerate with a wide range of activities, employing over 2800 in 6 countries in 2014. History and evolution of the Industrial division The company's origins were based on vehicle manufactur ...

* Styl Kar (1970) * Sunnyclist * Super Car * Tangalakis (1935-1939) * Thelogou (1918-1926) *

Tropical The tropics are the regions of Earth surrounding the Equator. They are defined in latitude by the Tropic of Cancer in the Northern Hemisphere at N and the Tropic of Capricorn in the Southern Hemisphere at S. The tropics are also referred to ...

* Tzen

Hungary

* Alba Regia (1955) * Balaton (1955) * Borbála (1986-1990) *

Credo In Christian liturgy, the credo (; Latin for "I believe") is the Nicene-Constantinopolitan Creed – or its shorter version, the Apostles' Creed – in the Mass, either as a prayer, a spoken text, or sung as Gregorian chant or other musical sett ...

Csepel Csepel (german: Tschepele) is the 21st district and a neighbourhood in Budapest, Hungary. Csepel officially became part of Budapest on 1 January 1950. Location Csepel is located at the northern end of Csepel Island in the Danube, and covers ...

(1949-1996) * Csonka (1909-1924) *

Fejes The Fejes was a Hungarian automobile, a utility vehicle manufactured in Budapest between 1923 and 1932 to a design by automotive engineer Jenő Fejes (1877-1951) by Fejes Lemezmotor és Gépgyár Rt. The entire car, including the 1244 cc ohv e ...

(1923-1932) * Ha (1928-1929) *

Helix A helix () is a shape like a corkscrew or spiral staircase. It is a type of smooth space curve with tangent lines at a constant angle to a fixed axis. Helices are important in biology, as the DNA molecule is formed as two intertwined helic ...

* Ikarus * MÁG (1911-1934) *

* Marta (1908-1922) * Mávag (1938-1942) * Méray (1923-1934) * Phönix (1904-1912) * Puli (1990-c.1997) *

Rába The Rába (german: Raab; hu, Rába; sl, Raba ) is a river in southeastern Austria and western Hungary and a right tributary of the Danube. Geography Its source is in Austria, some kilometres east of Bruck an der Mur below Heubodenhöhe Hill. ...

Unitas Unitas may refer to: * 306 Unitas Unitas ( minor planet designation: 306 Unitas) is a typical main belt asteroid that was discovered by Elia Millosevich on 1 March 1891 in Rome. The asteroid was named by the director of the Modena Observatory i ...

* Úttörő (1954) * Weiss-Manfréd (1927-1932)

Ireland

Alesbury The Alesbury was an Irish automobile. It was powered by an 8/10 hp Stevens-Duryea engine and had solid tires. The car was exhibited in Dublin in 1907, but manufacture lasted only from then until 1908. References *Georgano, G.N. George Ni ...

(1907-1908) *

GAC Ireland GAC Ireland was a bus and coach manufacturer based in Shannon, County Clare, Ireland. It traded from 1980 until 1986, and almost all the vehicles it built were for the Irish state-owned transport company CIÉ, Córas Iompair Éireann (CIÉ) with ...

(1980-1986) * Shamrock *

TMC Costin The TMC Costin is a Clubman-style sports car built from 1983 to 1987 in Castlebridge, County Wexford, Republic of Ireland. Fewer than forty were produced. History The Thompsons of County Wexford, Ireland were a farming family with six sons. On ...

Italy

Latvia

* Alexander Leutner *

Dartz Dartz Motorz Company is a privately held Latvia-based company, subsidiary of Estonian corporation Dartz Grupa OÜ, that designs, manufactures, and sells high performance armored vehicles. The company constituted itself from a renovated former ...

* Drive e0 *

Ford-Vairogs Ford-Vairogs ("Vairogs" meaning "Shield") (earlier called "Fenikss") was the name of a car factory in Riga, Latvia, that produced license built Ford cars between September 1937 and 1940 when it was expropriated as the property of the Soviet go ...

RAF The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's air and space force. It was formed towards the end of the First World War on 1 April 1918, becoming the first independent air force in the world, by regrouping the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and ...

* Russo-Balt * VEF

Lithuania

* KAG

Liechtenstein

* Jehle (1977-1991) * Orca Engineering

North Macedonia

* Comsove * Sanos

Monaco

Monte Carlo Automobile Monte-Carlo Automobiles S.A.R.L. is a car manufacturer based in Monte Carlo, Monaco. The company specializes in manufacturing handmade sports cars. The company was founded in 1983 by engineer Fulvio Maria Ballabio, a former Formula Two, IndyC ...

* Venturi

Netherlands

Aerts The Aerts (also spelled ''Aarts'') was a Dutch automobile manufactured in 1899; a small number of cars are known to have been built at Dongen Dongen () is a Municipalities of the Netherlands, municipality and a village in the southern Netherlands ...

(1899) *

Altena Altena (; Westphalian: ''Altenoa'') is a town in the district of Märkischer Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The town's castle is the origin for the later Dukes of Berg. Altena is situated on the Lenne river valley, in the northern stre ...

(1900-1906) * Anderheggen (1899-1902) * Bij 't Vuur (1902-1906) * Brons (1907-2004) * Burton * Carver * DAF * Den Oudsten *

Donkervoort Donkervoort Automobielen BV is a manufacturer of hand-built and ultra light weight sports cars based in Lelystad, Netherlands. The car brand was founded in 1978 by Joop Donkervoort. In 1996, Donkervoort's Ford Motor Company, Ford engines were repl ...

*Entrop (1909) *

Eysink The Eysink was a Dutch automobile manufactured from 1903 until 1919. The Eysink brothers from Amersfoort, who created the marque, started out manufacturing bicycles. In 1897 they built their first automobile. However, the brothers did not begin pr ...

(1903-1919) * Hillen (c.1913) *

GINAF GINAF (legally GINAF Trucks Nederland BV) is a Dutch truck manufacturer which produces trucks mainly for heavy duty off-road transport, construction and agricultural work. About 250 trucks are made each year in the company's factory in Veenenda ...

LandFighter LandFighter is a European all-terrain vehicle brand, owned by the Netherlands, Dutch LandFighter B.V. LandFighter is currently active within the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, Spain and Portugal. For manufacturing LandFighter B.V. has a part ...

* Ruska *

Shelter Shelter is a small building giving temporary protection from bad weather or danger. Shelter may also refer to: Places * Port Shelter, Hong Kong * Shelter Bay (disambiguation), various locations * Shelter Cove (disambiguation), various locatio ...

(1956) *

Spyker Spyker or Spijker was a Dutch carriage, automobile and aircraft manufacturer, started in 1880 by blacksmiths Jacobus and Hendrik-Jan Spijker. Originally located in Hilversum, the company relocated to Trompenburg, Amsterdam in 1898. Notable produ ...

(1880-1926) *

Spyker cars Spyker Cars (, ) is a Dutch sports car marque. The modern Spyker Cars held the legal rights to the brand name. The company's motto is "''Nulla tenaci invia est via''", Latin for "For the tenacious, no road is impassable". The marque's logo dis ...

* Spijkstaal * Terberg *

United bus United Bus was a bus manufacturing group created by DAF Bus and Bova (both from the Netherlands) in 1989. It was later joined by Den Oudsten (Netherlands), Optare (UK), and DAB (Denmark).Van Gink * Vandenbrink * VDL * Vencer * Waaijenberg

Norway

* Bjering (1918-1920) * Buddy * C. Geijer * Clarin Mustad (1917-1918) * FYK *

Høka Hønefoss Jernbanevogn- og Karosserifabrikk A/S, trading as Høka and at first known as Hønefoss Karosserifabrikk A/S, was a manufacturer of bodywork for buses, trucks and trains. The company was in existence from 1936 to 1968 and was based in ...

Moxy Moxy may refer to: * Moxy (airline), formerly proposed name for the airline Breeze Airways in the United States * Moxy (band), a Canadian hard rock band formed in the 1970s ** ''Moxy'' (album), 1975 ** '' Moxy II'', 1976 * Moxy Engineering, a No ...

* Norsk (1907-1911) *

Strømmens Værksted Strømmens Værksted A/S was an industrial company based in Skedsmo, Norway, specialising in the production of rolling stock. Founded in 1873, it remains as a part of Bombardier Transportation. The plant is located just off Hoved Line, Hovedbanen ...

Think In their most common sense, the terms thought and thinking refer to conscious cognitive processes that can happen independently of sensory stimulation. Their most paradigmatic forms are judging, reasoning, concept formation, problem solving, an ...

(1991-2011) *

Troll A troll is a being in Nordic folklore, including Norse mythology. In Old Norse sources, beings described as trolls dwell in isolated areas of rocks, mountains, or caves, live together in small family units, and are rarely helpful to human be ...

(1956-1958)

Poland

Arrinera Arrinera Automotive S.A., is a Polish car manufacturer based in Warsaw. History The company was established in 2008 by brothers Łukasz and Marek Tomkiewicz. In 2011 it announced its first proof-of-concept car, using a mid-engine, rear-drive ...

(2008–present) *

AMZ-Kutno AMZ Kutno is an automotive company based in Kutno, Poland, that has been operating since 1999. It specializes in the design and manufacture of special bodies for commercial vehicles, such as minibuses, ambulances, security vans and special vehicle ...

Autosan Autosan Sp. z o.o. is a Polish bus and coach manufacturer. The company is located in Sanok, Poland. Its sales network includes European (also non-EU countries), African and Asian countries. Currently it produces approximately 300 buses a ...

* CWS (1918-1931) *

Fiat Auto Poland Stellantis Poland (formerly, FCA Poland S.A., until April 1, 2015 "Fiat Auto Poland SA") is an automobile factory belonging to Stellantis formed on May 28, 1992, after Fiat acquired Fabryka Samochodów Małolitrażowych (FSM) in Bielsko-Biała and ...

Polski Fiat Polski Fiat (literally in English: ''the Polish Fiat'') was a Polish car brand. Under this brand, cars under licence of the Italian manufacturer FIAT were manufactured or assembled in Poland. Before World War II The brand was created in 193 ...

* FSC * FSM (1971-1992) * FSO * FSR *

Jelcz Jelcz (pronounced like ''Yelch'' after the town of the same name) is a Polish brand of trucks, military vehicles, buses and trolley buses produced by ''Zakłady Samochodowe Jelcz''/''Jelczańskie Zakłady Samochodowe'', with both names roughly ...

* Kapena * Leopard (2005–present) * LRL *

Melex Melex is an electric vehicle produced by a company of the same name in Mielec, Poland. It has been in production since 1971. The car, having full necessary equipment such as headlamps and seatbelts, is very quiet and does not pollute the envir ...

Mikrus ''Mikrus'' is a monotypic genus of East African jumping spiders containing the single species, ''Mikrus ugandensis''. It was first described by Wanda Wesołowska in 2001, and is only found in Uganda and Kenya ) , national_anthem = ...

(1957-1960) * PZInż. (1928-1939) *

Ralf-Stetysz Ralf-Stetysz () was the marque of one of the earliest Polish car manufacturers begun in France and transferred to Poland in the 1920s. It was formed in 1924, when Count Stefan Tyszkiewicz, an inventor and mechanical engineer, started a small autom ...

* San (1967-1974) *

Smyk Smyk may refer to: * Smyk (brand), Polish chain store with products for children * PW-5, the ''Smyk'', a Polish sailplane designed at the Politechnika Warszawska * MIP Smyk, Polish motor glider * Smyk (car), Polish prototype microcar *''Smyk'', ...

* Solaris * Solbus * Ursus * ZSD

Portugal

Bravia Bravia (stylized as BRAVIA) is a brand of Sony Visual Products Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Corporation, and used for its television products. Its backronym is "Best Resolution Audio Visual Integrated Architecture". All Sony high-defi ...

* Edfor * Entreposto * Marlei *

Salvador Caetano Grupo Salvador Caetano, SGPS, SA or simply Salvador Caetano is a Portuguese holding based in Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal that controls some enterprises on vehicle assembly, components and distribution business. It had a turnover of €1.6 billi ...

* UMM (União Metalo-Mecânica) * Vinci

Romania

* AA&WF * Astra *

ARO ARO (short for Auto Romania) was a Romanian off-road vehicle manufacturer located in Câmpulung. The first ARO vehicles were produced in 1957, and the last in 2003. For a short while, Daihatsu-powered AROs were sold in Spain and produced in Portu ...

(1957-2006) * C&I Eurotrans XXI * Craiova * DAC *

Dacia Dacia (, ; ) was the land inhabited by the Dacians, its core in Transylvania, stretching to the Danube in the south, the Black Sea in the east, and the Tisza in the west. The Carpathian Mountains were located in the middle of Dacia. It ...

* El Car *

Grivița Grivița () is a district of Bucharest, Romania, centered on the Grivița Railway Yards (''Atelierele CFR Grivița''), which were and still are an important landmark within the manufacturing landscape of the city. Located near Gara de Nord, thei ...

* M.R. * Malaxa (1945) *

Oltcit Oltcit S.A. () was an automobile manufacturer, established as a joint venture between the Romanian government (64%) and Citroën (36%). Their main products were the Oltcit Club and Citroën Axel hatchbacks, assembled in Craiova, Romania. Histo ...

Rocar Rocar (also T.V. or Autobuzul) was a van, light truck, bus and trolleybus manufacturer based in Bucharest, Romania. The firm also produced light offroad vehicles and later heavy road vehicles. During its existence, the company produced over 350,00 ...

(1951-2002) *

Roman Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

* ROMLOC * Uzinele Braşov

Russia

A Level The A-Level (Advanced Level) is a subject-based qualification conferred as part of the General Certificate of Education, as well as a school leaving qualification offered by the educational bodies in the United Kingdom and the educational au ...

* Altay *

Amur The Amur (russian: река́ Аму́р, ), or Heilong Jiang (, "Black Dragon River", ), is the world's tenth longest river, forming the border between the Russian Far East and Northeastern China ( Inner Manchuria). The Amur proper is long, ...

(1967-2012) * Avtokad (2000–present) *

AZLK AZLK (''АЗЛК - Автомобильный завод имени Ленинского Комсомола'' in Russian, Avtomobilny Zavod imeni Leninskogo Komsomola) Soviet and Russian automobile manufacturer ( Moscow), the maker of the Moskv ...

Moskvitch Moskvitch (russian: Москвич) (also written as ''Moskvich'', ''Moskvič'', or ''Moskwitsch'') is a Soviet/Russian automobile brand produced by AZLK from 1946 to 1991 and by OAO Moskvitch from 1991 to 2001 and later returned to production i ...

* Bronto (1993–present) * Derways (2006–present) *

Doninvest Doninvest (russian: Финансово-Промышленная Группа Донинвест) was a Russian industrial group that manufactured cars in Taganrog and Aksay, Rostov Oblast. The firm produced Daewoo cars on license for the Russian ...

(1991-2014(?)) * Dragon * EL Motors (1997–present) *

GAZ GAZ or Gorkovsky Avtomobilny Zavod (russian: ГАЗ or Го́рьковский автомоби́льный заво́д, , Gorky Automobile Plant) is a Russian automotive manufacturer located in Nizhny Novgorod, formerly known as Gorky (Го� ...

Volga The Volga (; russian: Во́лга, a=Ru-Волга.ogg, p=ˈvoɫɡə) is the longest river in Europe. Situated in Russia, it flows through Central Russia to Southern Russia and into the Caspian Sea. The Volga has a length of , and a catchm ...

* GolAZ *

IZH Izh may refer to; * IZh (Russian: ), a Russian automobile marque of the Izhevsk Machinebuilding Plant * Izh (river) (Russian: ), Udmurt Republic, Russia * Ingrian language Ingrian can refer to: *Of or pertaining to the region of Ingria *The Ingr ...

KAvZ KAvZ (russian: Курганский автобусный завод (КАвЗ), Kurgansky Avtobusny Zavod, Kurgan Bus Plant) is a bus manufacturer in Kurgan, KGN, Russia. The factory started producing buses in 1958, based on truck A ...

KIM Kim or KIM may refer to: Names * Kim (given name) * Kim (surname) ** Kim (Korean surname) *** Kim family (disambiguation), several dynasties **** Kim family (North Korea), the rulers of North Korea since Kim Il-sung in 1948 ** Kim, Vietnamese f ...

(1930-1947) * Lessner (1904-1909) *

Marussia Marussia Motors (russian: Маруся ) was a Russian sports car company founded in 2007. It was the first Russian company to produce a supercar. It designed, and manufactured prototypes of both the B1 and the B2 sport cars. Marussia was led by for ...

(2007-2014) * Nami (1927) * NefAZ * PAZ * SeAZ *

Silant Silant, an all-wheel drive truck and the only product manufactured by the now defunct Russian company ''Avtospetsoborudovanie'' (Ru:Автоспецоборудование) in Velikiy Novgorod, Novgorod Oblast, but now is its own company which ...

Sollers JSC Sollers, formerly known as OAO Severstal-Auto, is a Russian company holding controlling blocks of shares of OAO Ulyanovsk Automobile Works (UAZ), Zavolzhye Motor Works (ZMZ) and OAO ZMA. The enterprises of Severstal-Auto are well-known automobi ...

TagAZ TagAZ (russian: ТагАЗ, Таганрогский автомобильный завод, Taganrogskiy Avtomobilnyi Zavod, Taganrog Automobile Factory) was an automotive assembly plant located in Taganrog, Russia. An affiliated enterprise is the ...

* Torgmash * UAZ * UralAZ *

VAZ AvtoVAZ ( rus, АвтоВАЗ, p=ɐftoˈvas) is a Russian automobile manufacturing company owned by the state. It was formerly named as VAZ ( rus, ВАЗ), an acronym for Volga Automotive Plant in Russian (russian: Во́лжский автомо ...

/ Lada (1970–present) * VIS *

Volgabus Volgabus (known as Volzhanin until 2008) is a Russian bus manufacturing company located in the city of Volzhsky Volgograd region, and includes leasing company, a distribution center, a network of dealers, and logistics center. The general manager ...

ZIL OJSC AMO ZiL, known fully as the Public Joint-Stock Company – Likhachov Plant () and more commonly called ZiL (, was a major Russian automobile, truck, military vehicle, and heavy equipment manufacturer that was based in Moscow, Russia. The la ...

(1958–present) * ZIS (1936-1958)

Serbia

* FAP * FVK * Globus-auto *

IDA-Opel IDA-Opel (Industrija Delova Automobila- Kikinda) was a Serbian (Yugoslav) car manufacturer based in Kikinda, Serbia, between 1977 and 1992. The original plant was established in 1908 as a workshop attached to a local brick factory. In 1977, afte ...

Ikarbus Ikarbus a.d. (''Ikarbus - Fabrika autobusa i specijalnih vozila a.d.'') is a Serbian bus manufacturer based in Zemun. It was originally established as an aircraft manufacturer in 1923, under the name Ikarus. In 1954, it commenced bus production ...

* IMR * IMT * Neobus *

FCA Serbia Fiat Serbia., name=FS — formerly "FIAT Automobiles Serbia"., name=FAS (FAS) from 2008 to 2014, then "FCA Serbia"., name=FCAS (FCAS) until 2021 — is a Serbian automotive manufacturing company based in Kragujevac, Serbia. It is a joint v ...

Zastava Special Automobiles Zastava Special Automobiles ( sr, Zastava specijalni automobili or Застава специјални аутомобили) was a Serbian special automobile factory with headquarters in Sombor, Serbia. It was a subsidiary of Group Zastava Vehicl ...

Zastava TERVO Zastava TERVO ( sr, Застава ТЕРВО, Zastava TERVO), short for "Zastava Terenska Vozila" ( sr, Застава Теренска Возила, Zastava Terenska Vozila; English: "Zastava Terrain Vehicles"), is a Serbian automotive and d ...

Zastava Trucks Zastava Trucks ( sr, Застава Камиони ) is a Serbian truck manufacturer based in the city of Kragujevac, Serbia. It is a subsidiary of Group Zastava Vehicles which declared bankruptcy in May 2017. In September 2017, the Government of ...

* Zastava/

Yugo The Yugo (), also marketed as the Zastava Koral (, sr-Cyrl, Застава Корал) and Yugo Koral, is a subcompact car, subcompact hatchback formerly manufactured by Zastava Automobiles, at the time a Yugoslavia, Yugoslav corporation. ...

Slovakia

* BAZ * K-1 Engineering * TAZ (1973-1999)

Slovenia

Adria Mobil Adria Mobil is a company based in Novo Mesto, Slovenia, that produces caravans and motorhomes, under the ADRIA brandname and sells 99 percent of the total turnover to the West European markets. Rank The company has a 6.5 percent market share o ...

* Avtomontaža *

CIMOS Tomos ( sl, link=yes, Tovarna, Motorjev, Sežana, "Motorcycle Company Sežana") was a moped manufacturer based in Koper, Slovenia. It was founded in 1948. Tomos acquired a production license from Puch to produce moped models under the Tomos name ...

* IMV *

REVOZ Revoz () is a manufacturing subsidiary of Renault in Novo Mesto, Slovenia. It is the only automaker in the country and one of its largest exporters. The company was established in June 1988 as a joint venture between Renault and Industrija Motor ...

* Shayton * Sistemska tehnika ** Valuk ** Krpan 8x8 * TAM-Durabus *

Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor TAM (Tovarna avtomobilov Maribor – English: Maribor Automobile Factory) is a Slovenian commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Maribor, Slovenia. It was established in 2011 as part of a multinational conglomerate, with CHTC China Hi-Tech Grou ...

Tomos Tomos ( sl, link=yes, Tovarna, Motorjev, Sežana, "Motorcycle Company Sežana") was a moped manufacturer based in Koper, Slovenia. It was founded in 1948. Tomos acquired a production license from Puch to produce moped models under the Tomos name ...

* Tushek ** Renovatio T500

Spain

* AFA * America * Anglada * Avia *

Ayats Ayats is the trading name of Carrocerías Ayats SA, a Spain-based coachbuilder. The company constructs a range of coach bodies on a variety of chassis, and also manufacture their own integral products. Their products are used throughout Europe ...

* Barreiros *

Beulas Beulas SAU is a coachbuilder based in Arbúcies, Catalonia, Spain. The company builds a range of coach bodies on a variety of chassis. Their products are sold throughout Europe. History The company was established in 1934 by Ramón Beulas and Na ...

Biscúter Biscúter (Spanish spelling for the pronunciation of BiScooter) is a microcar manufactured in Spain, by Auto Nacional, SA, from 1953 until 1960, total of all versions around 10,000 units. Background Raw material shortages and general economic di ...

Cupra Cupra Racing, formerly known as SEAT Sport, is the high-performance motorsport subsidiary of the Spanish automobile manufacturer SEAT, founded in 1985, succeeding the "SEAT Special Vehicles department" which had been formed in 1971 with the miss ...

David David (; , "beloved one") (traditional spelling), , ''Dāwūd''; grc-koi, Δαυΐδ, Dauíd; la, Davidus, David; gez , ዳዊት, ''Dawit''; xcl, Դաւիթ, ''Dawitʿ''; cu, Давíдъ, ''Davidŭ''; possibly meaning "beloved one". w ...

Ebro , name_etymology = , image = Zaragoza shel.JPG , image_size = , image_caption = The Ebro River in Zaragoza , map = SpainEbroBasin.png , map_size = , map_caption = The Ebro ...

* Elizalde *

ENASA ENASA (Empresa Nacional de Autocamiones S.A.) was a Spanish motor vehicle manufacturing company that was incorporated in 1946 after having bought the automotive assets of the Spanish Hispano-Suiza and the Italian Fiat in Spain. It produced trucks, ...

* Eucort *

GTA Motor Spania GTA is an automobile design and manufacturing company based in Valencia, Spain. It was founded by Domingo Ochoa, who is also the current CEO A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administ ...

* Hispano Suiza *

Hurtan Hurtan Desarrollos S.L., also known as Hurtan Automóviles, is a Spanish automobile company, founded in 1991 by Juan Hurtado González.IFR *

Indcar Indcar is the trading name of Industrial Carrocera Arbuciense SA, a Spanish-based coachbuilder, specialized in building mini- and midibus bodies mainly on Mercedes-Benz, Iveco and Man vans and truck chassis (although vans from other manufacturers ...

Irizar Irizar i4LE in Madrid Irizar Group is a Spanish-based manufacturer of luxury buses and coaches. Established in 1889, the company is located in Ormaiztegi in the Basque Country, Spain. With a commercial presence in over 90 countries, its ...

Izaro The Izaro was a Spanish automobile manufactured around 1922. A cyclecar with models ranging from 600 cc to 700 cc, it was a product of Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 ...

Kapi Kapi, Kapı, or KAPI may refer to: Places * Kapi, Estonia, a village in Estonia * Kapı, Karataş, a village in Turkey * a possible old volcanic eruption site near Krakatoa People * Mari Kapi (1950–2009), Papua New Guinean judge * Mustafa ...

* La Cuadra * Nogebus * Pegaso *

Santana Motor Santana Motor, S.A. (; ) was a Spanish motor vehicle manufacturer based in Linares, in the province of Jaén, Spain. It was originally created in 1956 as "Metalúrgica de Santa Ana, S.A." to manufacture agricultural machinery, but soon, in 1961 ...

* SEAT * Tauro Sport Auto *

Tramontana Tramontana, Tramontane, or Tramuntana may refer to: Tramontana * "Tramontana", a short story by Gabriel García Márquez, in ''Strange Pilgrims'' * Tramontana (sports car), a Spanish sports car firm * Sebi Tramontana (born 1960), jazz trombonist m ...

* URO *

UROVESA URO, Vehículos Especiales, S.A. (UROVESA) is a Spanish heavy vehicle manufacturer based in Santiago de Compostela, Galicia. It is best known for the production of the URO VAMTAC, a Humvee-like four-wheel drive motor vehicle, and URO trucks. ...

Sweden

Switzerland

Ajax Ajax may refer to: Greek mythology and tragedy * Ajax the Great, a Greek mythological hero, son of King Telamon and Periboea * Ajax the Lesser, a Greek mythological hero, son of Oileus, the king of Locris * ''Ajax'' (play), by the ancient Gree ...

(1906-1910) * Albar *

Carrosserie Hess Carrosserie HESS AG is a bus, trolleybus and commercial vehicle manufacturer based in Bellach, Switzerland. Their products can be found operating in several countries, including the United States and Canada. History The company was founded in 1 ...

* Cree SAM * Dufaux (1904-1907) *

Enzmann The Enzmann 506 was a Swiss automobile manufactured from 1957 until the late 1960s (some sources claim 1969 as the final year). The company purchased new Volkswagens, unbolted the Beetle body shells from the floorpans, and refitted them with ele ...

* FBW * Leblanc *

Martini Martini may refer to: * Martini (cocktail) * Martini (vermouth), a brand of vermouth * Martini (surname), an Italian surname * Martini (automobile company), a Swiss automobile company * Automobiles Martini, a French manufacturer of racing cars * M ...

(1897-1934) * Maximag (1923-1927) *

Monteverdi Claudio Giovanni Antonio Monteverdi (baptized 15 May 1567 – 29 November 1643) was an Italian composer, choirmaster and string player. A composer of both secular and sacred music, and a pioneer in the development of opera, he is consider ...

(1967-1984) *

Mowag MOWAG is a Swiss company which develops, designs and produces armoured vehicles for military applications in both land-only and amphibious configurations. These vehicles have gross vehicle weights ranging from 9 tonnes to 30 tonnes. The compa ...

* NanoFlowcell * Pic-Pic (1906-1924) *

Rinspeed Rinspeed Inc. is a Swiss concept car builder and mobility visionary. Since 1991, they have also designed exotic concepts and special vehicles for the CES in Las Vegas, the Geneva Motor Show and other car shows each year, but do not enter into pro ...

Sbarro Sbarro, LLC is an American pizzeria chain that specializes in New York-style pizza sold by the slice and other Italian-American cuisine. In 2011, the company was ranked 15th in foreign sales among U.S.-based quick-serve and fast-casual comp ...

* Saurer (1903-1982) * Tribelhorn (1902-1920) * Turicum (1904-1912) * Yaxa (1912-1914) * Zédel (1901-1905)

Turkey

* BMC *

Karsan Karsan ( tr, Karsan Otomotiv Sanayii ve Ticaret A.Ş. English: Karsan Automotive Industry and Trade Joint-Stock Company) is a Turkish commercial vehicles manufacturer, based in Akçalar, Nilüfer, Bursa Province. "Karsan" is an acronym for "Kar ...

Otokar Otokar Otomotiv ve Savunma Sanayi A.Ş., also known simply as Otokar, is a Turkish bus and military vehicle manufacturer headquartered in Sakarya, Turkey. Otokar is a subsidiary of Koç Holding. History Otokar was founded in 1963 as Turkey's ...

* TEMSA * Togg

Ukraine

AntoRus
* Bogdan Corporation **

LuAZ LuAZ ( uk, ЛуАЗ, short for ''"Луцький автомобільний завод"'', ''Lutskyi avtomobilnyi zavod''; Lutsk automobile factory) is a Ukrainian automobile manufacturer in the city Lutsk built in the Soviet Union. Since 2009 ...

* Etalon-Avto Corporation
BAZ
** ChAZ ** Stryi-Avto
Eurocar
* Iveco Motor Sich ** VEPR
KrASZ
* Torsus * ZAZ/

AvtoZAZ AvtoZAZ ( uk, АвтоЗАЗ) is an automotive manufacturing company in Ukraine. It was founded in 1975 as Industrial Association, а holding that incorporated ZAZ, MeMZ, Illichivsk Automobile Parts Plant ( uk, Іллічівський завод ...

United Kingdom

Sources

Nick Georgano George Nicolas "Nick" Georgano (29 February 1932 – 22 October 2017Nick Georgano
Alvis Archive Bl ...

, (Ed.). ''The Beaulieu Encyclopedia of the Automobile''. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 2000. * Mazur, Eligiusz (Ed.). ''World of Cars 2006/2007: Worldwide Car Catalogue''. Warsaw: Media Connection, 2006. ISSN 1734-2945