The following is a partial list of the "B" codes for

Medical Subject Headings Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) is a comprehensive controlled vocabulary for the purpose of indexing journal articles and books in the life sciences. It serves as a thesaurus that facilitates searching. Created and updated by the United States N ...

(MeSH), as defined by the United States National Library of Medicine (NLM). This list continues the information at List of MeSH codes (B02). Codes following these are found at List of MeSH codes (B04). For other MeSH codes, see List of MeSH codes. The source for this content is the set o
2006 MeSH Trees
from the NLM.

–
bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among ...

– atypical bacterial forms

– l forms

–
spheroplasts A spheroplast (or sphaeroplast in British usage) is a microbial cell from which the cell wall has been almost completely removed, as by the action of penicillin or lysozyme. According to some definitions, the term is used to describe Gram-negative ...

– bacteria, aerobic

– bacteria, anaerobic

– Bacteroidetes

– bacteroidaceae

* –

bacteroides ''Bacteroides'' is a genus of Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic bacteria. ''Bacteroides'' species are non endospore-forming bacilli, and may be either motile or nonmotile, depending on the species. The DNA base composition is 40–48% GC. Unusu ...

* – '' Bacteroides fragilis'' * – ''

Porphyromonas ''Porphyromonas'' is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, obligately anaerobic and non-motile genus from the family of Porphyromonadaceae. There were 16 different Porphyromonas species documented as of 2015 which reside in both animal and human r ...

'' * – ''Porphyromonas endodontalis'' * – '' Porphyromonas gingivalis'' * – '' Prevotella'' * – '' Prevotella intermedia'' * – ''

Prevotella melaninogenica ''Prevotella melaninogenica'' is a species of bacterium in the normal microbiota of the upper respiratory tract. It is an important human pathogen in various anaerobic infections, often mixed with other aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. ''P. melan ...

'' * – ''Prevotella nigrescens'' * – ''Prevotella ruminicola''

–
flavobacteriaceae The family Flavobacteriaceae is composed of environmental bacteria. Most species are aerobic, while some are microaerobic to anaerobic; for example ''Capnocytophaga'' and '' Coenonia''. Genera The family ''Flavobacteriaceae'' comprises the foll ...

* – '' Capnocytophaga'' * – ''

Chryseobacterium ''Chryseobacterium'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. ''Chryseobacterium'' species are chemoorganotrophic, rod shape gram-negative bacteria. ''Chryseobacterium'' form typical yellow-orange color colonies due to flexirubin-type pigment. The g ...

'' * – ''

Flavobacterium ''Flavobacterium'' is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and motile, rod-shaped bacteria that consists of 130 recognized species. Flavobacteria are found in soil and fresh water in a variety of environments. Several species are known to cause ...

'' * – ''Ornithobacterium''

– flexibacteraceae

* – ''

Cytophaga ''Cytophaga'' is a genus of Gram-negative, gliding, rod-shaped bacteria. This bacterium is commonly found in soil, rapidly digests crystalline cellulose ''C. hutchinsonii'' is able to use its gliding motility to move quickly over surfaces. Al ...

'' * – ''

Flexibacter ''Flexibacter'' is a genus of bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few ...

– ''Rhodothermus''

– ''Sphingobacterium''

– biofilms

– blood-borne pathogens

–
Chlorobiota The green sulfur bacteria are a phylum of obligately anaerobic photoautotrophic bacteria that metabolize sulfur. Green sulfur bacteria are nonmotile (except ''Chloroherpeton thalassium'', which may glide) and capable of anoxygenic photosynthes ...

– ''
Chlorobium ''Chlorobium'' is a genus of green sulfur bacteria. They are photolithotrophic oxidizers of sulfur and most notably utilise a noncyclic electron transport chain to reduce NAD+. Photosynthesis is achieved using a Type 1 Reaction Centre using ba ...
''

–
Chloroflexota The Chloroflexota are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes, including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures; anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photo ...

– '' Chloroflexus''

– "
Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria (), also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy via photosynthesis. The name ''cyanobacteria'' refers to their color (), which similarly forms the basis of cyanobacteria's common name, blu ...
"

– ''
Anabaena ''Anabaena'' is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria that exist as plankton. They are known for nitrogen-fixing abilities, and they form symbiotic relationships with certain plants, such as the mosquito fern. They are one of four genera of cyanob ...
''

* – ''Anabaena cylindrica'' * – ''Anabaena flos-aquae'' * – ''

Anabaena variabilis ''Anabaena variabilis'' is a species of filamentous cyanobacterium. This species of the genus ''Anabaena'' and the domain Eubacteria is capable of photosynthesis. This species is heterotrophic, meaning that it may grow without light in the presen ...

– ''
Aphanizomenon ''Aphanizomenon'' is a genus of cyanobacteria that inhabits freshwater lakes and can cause dense blooms. They are unicellular organisms that consolidate into linear (non-branching) chains called trichomes. Parallel trichomes can then further uni ...
''

– ''Cyanothece''

– '' Cylindrospermopsis''

– '' Microcystis''

– ''
Nodularia ''Nodularia'' is a genus of filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae. They occur mainly in brackish or salinic waters, such as the hypersaline Makgadikgadi Pans, the Peel-Harvey Estuary in Western Australia or the Baltic Sea ...
''

– ''
Nostoc ''Nostoc'', also known as star jelly, troll’s butter, spit of moon, fallen star, witch's butter (not to be confused with the fungi commonly known as witches' butter), and witch’s jelly, is the most common genus of cyanobacteria found in vari ...
''

* – ''

Nostoc commune ''Nostoc commune'' is a species of cyanobacterium in the family Nostocaceae. Common names include star jelly, witch's butter, mare's eggs, fah-tsai and facai. It is the type species of the genus ''Nostoc'' and is cosmopolitan in distribution. De ...

'' * – ''Nostoc muscorum''

– ''Plectonema''

– '' Synechococcus''

– ''
Synechocystis ''Synechocystis'' is a genus of unicellular, freshwater cyanobacteria in the family Merismopediaceae. It includes a strain, ''Synechocystis'' sp. PCC 6803, which is a well studied model organism. Like all cyanobacteria, ''Synechocystis'' b ...
''

– endospore-forming bacteria

– gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria

* – gram-positive endospore-forming rods * – bacillaceae * – '' Bacillus'' * – ''

Bacillus anthracis ''Bacillus anthracis'' is a gram-positive and rod-shaped bacterium that causes anthrax, a deadly disease to livestock and, occasionally, to humans. It is the only permanent ( obligate) pathogen within the genus ''Bacillus''. Its infection is a ...

'' * – '' Bacillus cereus'' * – '' Bacillus megaterium'' * – ''

Bacillus stearothermophilus ''Geobacillus stearothermophilus'' (previously ''Bacillus stearothermophilus'') is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacterium and a member of the phylum Bacillota. The bacterium is a thermophile and is widely distributed in soil, hot springs, ocean s ...

'' * – '' Bacillus subtilis'' * – ''

Bacillus thuringiensis ''Bacillus thuringiensis'' (or Bt) is a gram-positive, soil-dwelling bacterium, the most commonly used biological pesticide worldwide. ''B. thuringiensis'' also occurs naturally in the gut of caterpillars of various types of moths and butterflie ...

'' * – ''

Clostridium ''Clostridium'' is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria. Species of ''Clostridium'' inhabit soils and the intestinal tract of animals, including humans. This genus includes several significant human pathogens, including the causative ag ...

'' * – '' Clostridium acetobutylicum'' * – ''

Clostridium beijerinckii ''Clostridium beijerinckii'' is a gram positive, rod shaped, motile bacterium of the genus ''Clostridium''. It has been isolated from feces and soil. Produces oval to subterminal spores. it is named after Martinus Beijerinck who is a Dutch bacte ...

'' * – ''

Clostridium bifermentans ''Paraclostridium bifermentans'', formerly known as ''Clostridium bifermentans'' and abbreviated CLOBI, is an anaerobic, motile, gram-positive bacterium. Toxins and mosquito larvae A certain subspecies, ''Clostridium bifermentans'' subsp. Malays ...

'' * – '' Clostridium botulinum'' * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type A * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type B * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type C * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type D * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type E * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type F * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type G * – ''

Clostridium butyricum ''Clostridium butyricum'' is a strictly anaerobic organism, anaerobic endospore-forming Gram-positive butyric acid–producing bacillus subsisting by means of fermentation (biochemistry), fermentation using an intracellularly accumulated amylope ...

'' * – '' Clostridium cellulolyticum'' * – ''Clostridium cellulovorans'' * – '' Clostridium chauvoei'' * – ''

clostridium difficile ''Clostridioides difficile'' (syn. ''Clostridium difficile'') is a bacterium that is well known for causing serious diarrheal infections, and may also cause colon cancer. Also known as ''C. difficile'', or ''C. diff'' (), is Gram-positive spec ...

'' * – ''

Clostridium histolyticum ''Hathewaya histolytica'' (formerly ''Clostridium histolyticum'') is a species of bacteria found in feces and the soil. It is a motile, gram-positive, aerotolerant anaerobe. ''H. histolytica'' is pathogenic in many species, including guinea pigs ...

'' * – ''

Clostridium kluyveri ''Clostridium kluyveri'' (CLOKL) is an anaerobic, motile, gram-positive bacterium. It is named after the Dutch microbiologist Albert Kluyver Albert Jan Kluyver ForMemRS (June 3, 1888 – May 14, 1956) was a Dutch microbiologist and biochem ...

'' * – '' Clostridium perfringens'' * – '' Clostridium sordellii'' * – ''

Clostridium sticklandii ''Acetoanaerobium sticklandii'' is an anaerobic, motile, gram-positive bacterium. It was first isolated in 1954 from the black mud of the San Francisco Bay Area by T.C. Stadtman, who also named the species. ''A. sticklandii'' is not pathogenic i ...

'' * – ''Clostridium symbiosum'' * – '' Clostridium tertium'' * – ''

Clostridium tetani ''Clostridium tetani'' is a common soil bacterium and the causative agent of tetanus. Vegetative cells of ''Clostridium tetani'' are usually rod-shaped and up to 2.5 μm long, but they become enlarged and tennis racket- or drumstick-shaped when ...

'' * – ''Clostridium tetanomorphum'' * – ''

Clostridium thermocellum ''Acetivibrio thermocellus'' is an anaerobic, thermophilic bacterium. ''A. thermocellusm'' has garnered research interest due to its cellulolytic and ethanologenic abilities, being capable of directly converting a cellulosic substrate into etha ...

'' * – ''

Clostridium tyrobutyricum ''Clostridium tyrobutyricum'' is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive bacterium that grows under anaerobic conditions and produces butyric acid, acetic acid and hydrogen gas as the major fermentation products from glucose and xylose. The late-blowing def ...

'' * –

micromonosporaceae Micromonosporaceae is a family of bacteria of the class ''Actinomycetia''. They are gram-positive, spore-forming soil organisms that form a true mycelium. Genera Micromonosporaceae comprises the following genera: * ''Actinocatenispora'' Thawa ...

* – ''

Micromonospora ''Micromonospora'' is a genus of bacteria of the family Micromonosporaceae. They are gram-positive, spore-forming, generally aerobic, and form a branched mycelium; they occur as saprotrophic forms in soil and water. Various species are sources o ...

'' * – ''

Saccharopolyspora ''Saccharopolyspora'' is a genus of bacteria within the family Pseudonocardiaceae. Species ''Saccharopolyspora'' comprises the following species: * '' S. antimicrobica'' Yuan et al. 2008 * '' S. aridisoli'' Saygin et al. 2022 * "'' S. auranti ...

'' * –

streptomycetaceae The ''Streptomycetaceae'' are a family of ''Actinomycetota'', making up the monotypic order ''Streptomycetales''. It includes the important genus ''Streptomyces''. This was the original source of many antibiotics, namely streptomycin, the first ...

* – ''

Streptomyces ''Streptomyces'' is the largest genus of Actinomycetota and the type genus of the family Streptomycetaceae. Over 500 species of ''Streptomyces'' bacteria have been described. As with the other Actinomycetota, streptomycetes are gram-positive, ...

'' * – ''Streptomyces antibioticus'' * – ''

Streptomyces aureofaciens ''Kitasatospora aureofaciens'' is a species of ''Kitasatospora'', and the source of many tetracycline antibiotics. The organism was first isolated at Sanborn Field on the University of Missouri campus in Columbia, Missouri, US; the site became a ...

'' * – '' Streptomyces coelicolor'' * – '' Streptomyces griseus'' * – ''Streptomyces lividans''

– Fusobacteriota

– ''
Fusobacterium ''Fusobacterium'' is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-sporeforming bacteria belonging to Gracilicutes. Individual cells are slender, rod-shaped bacilli with pointed ends. Strains of ''Fusobacterium'' cause several human diseases, includin ...
''

* – '' Fusobacterium necrophorum'' * – ''

Fusobacterium nucleatum ''Fusobacterium nucleatum'' is a Gram negative, anaerobic oral bacterium, commensal to the human oral cavity, that plays a role in periodontal disease. This organism is commonly recovered from different monocultured microbial and mixed infection ...

– ''Leptotrichia''

– ''Propionigenium''

– ''
Streptobacillus ''Streptobacillus'' is a genus of fastidious microaerophilic gram-negative bacteria, which grow in culture as rods in chains. Species associated with infection - ''S. moniliformis'' Reported susceptibilities and therapies - penicillin, erythr ...
''

– gram-negative bacteria

–
anaplasmataceae The Ehrlichiaceae are a family of bacteria, included in the order Rickettsiales The Rickettsiales, informally called rickettsias, are an order of small Alphaproteobacteria. They are obligate intracellular parasites, and some are notable patho ...

* – ''

Anaplasma ''Anaplasma'' is a genus of bacteria of the alphaproteobacterial order Rickettsiales, family Anaplasmataceae. ''Anaplasma'' species reside in host blood cells and lead to the disease anaplasmosis. The disease most commonly occurs in areas where ...

'' * – ''Anaplasma centrale'' * – ''Anaplasma marginale'' * – ''Anaplasma ovis'' * – '' Anaplasma phagocytophilum'' * – ''

Ehrlichia ''Ehrlichia'' is a genus of Rickettsiales bacteria that are transmitted to vertebrates by ticks. These bacteria cause the disease ehrlichiosis, which is considered zoonotic, because the main reservoirs for the disease are animals. ''Ehrlichia'' ...

'' * – '' Ehrlichia canis'' * – ''

Ehrlichia chaffeensis ''Ehrlichia chaffeensis'' is an obligate intracellular, Gram-negative species of Rickettsiales bacteria. It is a zoonotic pathogen transmitted to humans by the Amblyomma americanum, lone star tick (''Amblyomma americanum''). It is the causative ...

'' * – ''

Ehrlichia ruminantium Heartwater (also known as cowdriosis, nintas, and ehrlichiosis) is a tick-borne rickettsial disease. The name is derived from the fact that fluid can collect around the heart or in the lungs of infected animals. It is caused by ''Ehrlichia rumin ...

'' * – ''

Neorickettsia ''Neorickettsia'' is a genus of bacteria. Species or strains in this genus are coccoid or pleomorphic cells that reside in cytoplasmic vacuoles within monocytes and macrophages of dogs, horses, bats, and humans. '' Neorickettsia sennetsu'' ...

'' * – ''

Neorickettsia risticii ''Neorickettsia risticii'', formerly ''Ehrlichia risticii,'' is an obligate intracellular gram negative bacteria that typically lives as an endosymbiont to parasitic flatworms, specifically flukes. ''N. risticii'' is the known causative agent of ...

'' * – ''

Neorickettsia sennetsu ''Neorickettsia sennetsu'' is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes Sennetsu ehrlichiosis. See also *''Neorickettsia risticii ''Neorickettsia risticii'', formerly ''Ehrlichia risticii,'' is an obligate intracellular gram negative bacteria ...

– ''
Arcobacter ''Arcobacter'' is a genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biol ...
''

–
bartonellaceae ''Bartonella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, ''Bartonella'' species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportunis ...

* – '' Bartonella'' * – ''

Bartonella bacilliformis ''Bartonella bacilliformis'' is a bacterium, Gram negative aerobic, pleomorphic, flagellated, motile, coccobacillary, 2–3 μm long, 0.2–0.5 μm wide, and a facultative intracellular bacterium. History The bacterium was discovered by Peru ...

'' * – '' Bartonella henselae'' * – '' Bartonella quintana''

– '' Buchnera''

– ''
Campylobacter ''Campylobacter'' (meaning "curved bacteria") is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. ''Campylobacter'' typically appear comma- or s-shaped, and are motile. Some ''Campylobacter'' species can infect humans, sometimes causing campylobacteriosis, a d ...
''

* – ''

Campylobacter coli ''Campylobacter coli'' is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic, non-endospore-forming, S-shaped bacterial species within genus '' Campylobacter''. In humans, it ''C. coli'' can cause campylobacteriosis, a diarrhoeal disease which is the most frequ ...

'' * – ''

Campylobacter fetus ''Campylobacter fetus'' is a rod-shaped, gram-negative species of bacteria within the genus ''Campylobacter'' of phylum Pseudomonadota. Identification of ''C. fetus'' species in infected animals or people is routinely performed by culture on bloo ...

'' * – ''Campylobacter hyointestinalis'' * – '' Campylobacter jejuni'' * – ''Campylobacter lari'' * – ''

Campylobacter rectus ''Campylobacter rectus'' is a species of '' Campylobacter''. It is implicated as a pathogen in chronic periodontitis, which can induce bone loss. This motile bacillus is a Gram negative, facultative anaerobe. ''C. rectus'' is associated with hype ...

'' * – ''Campylobacter sputorum'' * – ''

Campylobacter upsaliensis ''Campylobacter upsaliensis'' is a gram negative bacteria in the ''Campylobacter'' genus. ''C. upsaliensis'' is found worldwide, and is a common cause of campylobacteriosis in humans, as well as gastroenteritis in dogs. Human infections are prima ...

–
chlamydiales The bacterial order Chlamydiales includes only obligately intracellular bacteria that have a chlamydia-like developmental cycle of replication and at least 80% 16S rRNA or 23S rRNA gene sequence identity with other members of Chlamydiales. Chlam ...

* –

chlamydiaceae The Chlamydiaceae are a family of gram-negative bacteria that belongs to the phylum Chlamydiota, order Chlamydiales. Chlamydiaceae species express the family-specific lipopolysaccharide epitope αKdo-(2→8)-αKdo-(2→4)-αKdo (previously call ...

* – Chlamydia * – ''

Chlamydia muridarum ''Chlamydia muridarum'' is an intracellular bacterial species that at one time belonged to ''Chlamydia trachomatis''. However, ''C. trachomatis'' naturally only infects humans and ''C. muridarum'' naturally infects only members of the family Mur ...

'' * – '' Chlamydia trachomatis'' * –

Chlamydophila ''Chlamydophila'' is a controversial bacterial genus belonging to the family Chlamydiaceae. Taxonomy All Chlamydiota are anaerobic bacteria with a biphasic developmental lifecycle that depends on obligately intracellular growth in eukaryotic h ...

* – '' Chlamydophila pneumoniae'' * – ''

Chlamydophila psittaci ''Chlamydia psittaci'' is a lethal intracellular parasite, intracellular bacterial species that may cause Endemism, endemic Bird, avian chlamydiosis, epizootic outbreaks in mammals, and respiratory psittacosis in humans. Potential hosts include ...

– ''Chloroflexus''

– ''Gastrospirillum''

– gram-negative aerobic bacteria

* – ''

Caulobacter ''Caulobacter'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the class Alphaproteobacteria. Its best-known member is ''Caulobacter crescentus'', an organism ubiquitous in freshwater lakes and rivers; many members of the genus are specialized to Trophi ...

'' * – ''

Caulobacter crescentus ''Caulobacter crescentus'' is a Gram-negative, oligotrophic bacterium widely distributed in fresh water lakes and streams. The taxon is more properly known as ''Caulobacter vibrioides'' (Henrici and Johnson 1935). ''C. crescentus'' is an importa ...

'' * – gallionellaceae * – gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci * – acetobacteraceae * – ''Acetobacter'' * – ''Acidiphilium'' * – ''Gluconobacter'' * – ''Gluconobacter oxydans'' * – ''Acidithiobacillus'' * – ''Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans'' * – ''Afipia'' * – alcaligenaceae * – ''Achromobacter'' * – ''Achromobacter cycloclastes'' * – ''Achromobacter denitrificans'' * – ''Alcaligenes'' * – ''Alcaligenes faecalis'' * – ''Bordetella'' * – ''Bordetella avium'' * – ''Bordetella bronchiseptica'' * – ''Bordetella parapertussis'' * – ''Bordetella pertussis'' * – ''Taylorella'' * – ''Taylorella equigenitalis'' * – ''Alteromonas'' * – ''Azorhizobium'' * – ''Azorhizobium caulinodans'' * – azotobacteraceae * – ''Azotobacter'' * – ''Azotobacter vinelandii'' * – ''Bdellovibrio'' * – Nitrobacteraceae * – ''

Afipia ''Afipia'' is a genus of bacteria in the Nitrobacteraceae family. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN). The phylogeny is based on whole-genome analysis. Ref ...

'' * – ''Bradyrhizobium'' * – ''Nitrobacter'' * – ''Rhodopseudomonas'' * – ''

Bradyrhizobium ''Bradyrhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria, many of which fix nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation is an important part of the nitrogen cycle. Plants cannot use atmospheric nitrogen (N2); they must use nitrogen compounds such as nitrat ...

'' * – brucellaceae * – ''Brucella'' * – ''Brucella abortus'' * – ''Brucella canis'' * – ''Brucella melitensis'' * – ''Brucella ovis'' * – ''Brucella suis'' * – burkholderiaceae * – ''Burkholderia'' * – ''Burkholderia cepacia'' complex * – ''Burkholderia cepacia'' * – ''Burkholderia gladioli'' * – ''Burkholderia mallei'' * – ''Burkholderia pseudomallei'' * – ''Caulobacteraceae'' * – ''Caulobacter'' * – ''Caulobacter crescentus'' * – ''Cellvibrio'' * – comamonadaceae * – ''Comamonas'' * – ''Comamonas testosteroni'' * – ''Delftia'' * – ''

Delftia acidovorans ''Delftia acidovorans'' is a Gram-negative, motile, non-sporulating, rod-shaped bacterium known for its ability to biomineralize gold and bioremediation characteristics. It was first isolated from soil in Delft, Netherlands. The bacterium was or ...

'' * – '' :eptothrix'' * – ''

Sphaerotilus ''Sphaerotilus natans'' is an aquatic periphyton organism associated with polluted water. It forms colonies commonly known as "sewage fungus", but later identified as tightly sheathed filamentous bacteria. Morphology Straight or smoothly curve ...

'' * – ''

Coxiellaceae The Coxiellaceae are a family in the order Legionellales. ''Coxiella burnetii'' is a species in this order. Another is ''Rickettsiella melolonthae''. References Legionellales Bacteria families {{Legionellales-stub ...

'' * – '' coxiella'' * – ''Coxiella burnetii'' * – flavobacteriaceae * – ''Chryseobacterium'' * – ''Flavobacterium'' * – ''Ornithobacterium'' * – flexibacteraceae * – ''Cytophaga'' * – ''Flexibacter'' * – '' Francisella'' * – '' Fancisella tularensis'' * – ''

Gluconacetobacter ''Gluconacetobacter'' is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria). In 2012, several species previously classified in the genus ''Gluconacetobacter'' were reclassified under the new genus '' Komagataeibacter'', including the cellulose prod ...

'' * – ''Gluconacetobacter xylinus'' * – halomonadaceae * – ''

Halomonas ''Halomonas'' is a genus of halophilic (salt-tolerating) bacteria. It grows over the range of 5 to 25% NaCl. The type species of this genus is '' Halomonas elongata''. Description Members of ''Halomonas'' are Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacteria, ...

'' * – '' Halothiobacillus'' * –

legionellaceae ''Legionella'' is a genus of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria that includes the species '' L. pneumophila'', causing legionellosis (all illnesses caused by ''Legionella'') including a pneumonia-type illness called Legionnaires' disease and a mil ...

* – '' Legionella'' * – ''

Legionella longbeachae ''Legionella longbeachae'' is one species of the family Legionellaceae. It was first isolated from a patient in Long Beach, California. It is found predominantly in potting soil and compost. In humans, the infection is sometimes called Pontiac ...

'' * – ''

Legionella pneumophila ''Legionella pneumophila'' is a thin, aerobic, pleomorphic, flagellated, non-spore-forming, Gram-negative bacterium of the genus ''Legionella''. ''L. pneumophila'' is the primary human pathogenic bacterium in this group and is the causative age ...

'' * – ''

Leptospiraceae The Leptospiraceae are a family of spirochete bacteria. It includes the genus ''Leptospira'' which contains some pathogenic species. Systematic These genera belong to the family Leptospiraceae: * '' Leptonema'' (with species '' Leptonema ill ...

'' * – ''

Leptospira ''Leptospira'' ( grc, leptos, italics=yes, 'fine, thin' and la, spira, links=no, 'coil') is a genus of spirochaete bacteria, including a small number of pathogenic and saprophytic species. ''Leptospira'' was first observed in 1907 in kidney t ...

'' * – ''

Leptospira interrogans ''Leptospira interrogans'' is a species of obligate aerobic spirochaete bacteria shaped like a corkscrew with hooked and spiral ends. ''L. interrogans'' is mainly found in warmer tropical regions. The bacteria can live for weeks to months in the gr ...

'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''australis'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''autumnalis'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''canicola'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''hebdomadis'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''icterohaemorrhagiae'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''pomona'' * –

methylobacteriaceae The Methylobacteriaceae are a family of Hyphomicrobiales The ''Hyphomicrobiales'' are an order of Gram-negative Alphaproteobacteria. The rhizobia, which fix nitrogen and are symbiotic with plant roots, appear in several different families ...

* – ''

Methylobacterium ''Methylobacterium'' is a genus of Hyphomicrobiales.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta ...

'' * – ''

Methylobacterium extorquens ''Methylorubrum extorquens'' is a Gram-negative bacterium. ''Methylorubrum'' species often appear pink, and are classified as pink-pigmented facultative methylotrophs, or Pink-Pigmented Facultative Methylotrophs, PPFMs. The wild type has been kn ...

'' * –

methylococcaceae The Methylococcaceae are a family of bacteria that obtain their carbon and energy from methane, called methanotrophs.. They comprise the type I methanotrophs, in contrast to the Methylocystaceae or type II methanotrophs. They belong to Gammapr ...

* – ''Methylococcus'' * – ''

Methylococcus capsulatus ''Methylococcus capsulatus'' is an obligately methanotrophic gram-negative, non-motile coccoid bacterium. ''M. capsulatus'' are thermotolerant; their cells are encapsulated and tend to have a diplococcoid shape. In addition to methane, ''M. ...

'' * – ''Methylomonas'' * –

methylophilaceae The Methylophilaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota, given their own order. Like all Pseudomonadota, they are Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of b ...

* – ''

Methylobacillus ''Methylobacillus'' is a genus of Gram-negative methylotrophic bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryoti ...

'' * – ''Methylophilus'' * – ''Methylophilus methylotrophus'' * –

moraxellaceae The Moraxellaceae are a family of Gammaproteobacteria, including a few pathogenic species.George M. Garrity: '' Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology''. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: ''The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gamma ...

* – '' Acinetobacter'' * – '' Acinetobacter baumannii'' * – '' Acinetobacter calcoaceticus'' * – ''

Moraxella ''Moraxella'' is a genus of gram-negative bacteria in the family Moraxellaceae. It is named after the Swiss ophthalmologist Victor Morax. The organisms are short rods, coccobacilli, or as in the case of ''Moraxella catarrhalis'', diplococci in ...

'' * – ''Moraxella'' (''Branhamella'') ''catarrhalis'' * – ''Moraxella'' (''Moraxella'') ''bovis'' * – ''Psychrobacter'' * – ''

Neisseriaceae The Neisseriaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota, within the ''Neisseriales'' order. While many organisms in the family are mammalian commensals or part of the normal flora, the genus ''Neisseria'' includes two important human pathogens, specifi ...

'' * – ''

Kingella ''Kingella'' is a genus of bacteria of the family Neisseriaceae. It belongs to the HACEK group of fastidious Gram-negative bacteria that tend to cause endocarditis. '' Kingella kingae'' is its type species In zoological nomenclature, a type s ...

'' * – ''

Kingella kingae ''Kingella kingae'' is a species of Gram-negative facultative anaerobic β-hemolytic coccobacilli. First isolated in 1960 by Elizabeth O. King, it was not recognized as a significant cause of infection in young children until the 1990s, when ...

'' * – '' Neisseria'' * – ''Neisseria cinerea'' * – '' Neisseria elongata'' * – ''

Neisseria gonorrhoeae ''Neisseria gonorrhoeae'', also known as ''gonococcus'' (singular), or ''gonococci'' (plural), is a species of Gram-negative diplococci bacteria isolated by Albert Ludwig Sigesmund Neisser, Albert Neisser in 1879. It causes the sexually transmit ...

'' * – ''

Neisseria lactamica ''Neisseria lactamica'' is a gram-negative diplococcus bacterium. It is strictly a commensal species of the nasopharynx. Uniquely among the ''Neisseria'' they are able to produce β-D-galactosidase and ferment lactose. This species is most comm ...

'' * – '' Neisseria meningitidis'' * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup A * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup B * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup X * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup W-135 * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup Y * – ''

Neisseria mucosa ''Neisseria mucosa'' is a species of ''Neisseria''. It is notable among ''Neisseria'' for its ability to metabolize sucrose. It can cause endocarditis. While N. mucosa is a rather rare cause of endocarditis, cases of N. mucosa endocarditis have ...

'' * – '' Neisseria sicca'' * – nitrosomonadaceae * – ''

Nitrosomonas ''Nitrosomonas'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, belonging to the Betaproteobacteria. It is one of the five genera of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and, as an obligate chemolithoautotroph, uses ammonia (NH3) as an energy source and carbon diox ...

'' * – '' Nitrosomonas europaea'' * – ''Ochrobactrum'' * – ''Ochrobactrum anthropi'' * – oxalobacteraceae * – ''

Herbaspirillum ''Herbaspirillum'' is a genus of bacteria, including the nitrogen-fixing Nitrogen fixation is a chemical process by which molecular nitrogen (), with a strong triple covalent bond, in the air is converted into ammonia () or related nitrogenous ...

'' * – ''

Paracoccus ''Paracoccus'' is a genus of bacteria in the family Rhodobacteraceae.See the NCBIbr>webpage on Paracoccus Data extracted from the Species Accepted Species The following species have been effectively and validly published: * '' Paracoccus acr ...

'' * – ''

Paracoccus denitrificans ''Paracoccus denitrificans'', is a coccoid bacterium known for its nitrate reducing properties, its ability to replicate under conditions of hypergravity and for being a relative of the eukaryotic mitochondrion (endosymbiotic theory). Descripti ...

'' * – ''Paracoccus pantotrophus'' * – ''

Pseudoalteromonas ''Pseudoalteromonas'' is a genus of marine bacteria. In 1995, Gauthier ''et al'' proposed ''Pseudoalteromonas'' as a new genus to be split from ''Alteromonas''. The ''Pseudoalteromonas'' species that were described before 1995 were originally pa ...

'' * – Pseudomonadaceae * – '' Pseudomonas'' * – ''

Pseudomonas aeruginosa ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' is a common encapsulated, gram-negative, aerobic–facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium that can cause disease in plants and animals, including humans. A species of considerable medical importance, ''P. aerugi ...

'' * – ''

Pseudomonas alcaligenes ''Pseudomonas alcaligenes'' is a Gram-negative aerobic bacterium used for bioremediation purposes of oil pollution, pesticide substances, and certain chemical substances, as it can degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. It can be a human patho ...

'' * – ''

Pseudomonas fluorescens ''Pseudomonas fluorescens'' is a common Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. It belongs to the ''Pseudomonas'' genus; 16S rRNA analysis as well as phylogenomic analysis has placed ''P. fluorescens'' in the ''P. fluorescens'' group within the genu ...

'' * – '' Pseudomonas fragi'' * – ''

Pseudomonas mendocina ''Pseudomonas mendocina'' is a Gram-negative environmental bacterium that can cause opportunistic infections, such as infective endocarditis and spondylodiscitis, although cases are very rare. It has potential use in bioremediation as it is able ...

'' * – ''

Pseudomonas oleovorans ''Pseudomonas oleovorans'' is a Gram-negative, methylotrophic bacterium that is a source of rubredoxin (part of the hydroxylation-epoxidation system). It was first isolated in water-oil emulsions used as lubricants and cooling agents for cutting ...

'' * – '' Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes'' * – '' Pseudomonas putida'' * – ''

Pseudomonas stutzeri ''Pseudomonas stutzeri'' is a Gram-negative soil bacterium that is motile, has a single polar flagellum, and is classified as bacillus, or rod-shaped. While this bacterium was first isolated from human spinal fluid, it has since been found in man ...

'' * – ''

Pseudomonas syringae ''Pseudomonas syringae'' is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacterium with polar flagella. As a plant pathogen, it can infect a wide range of species, and exists as over 50 different pathovars, all of which are available to researchers from internat ...

'' * –

ralstoniaceae The Burkholderiaceae are a family of bacteria included in the order Burkholderiales.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, ...

* – '' Ralstonia'' * – ''

Ralstonia pickettii ''Ralstonia pickettii'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, soil bacterium. ''Ralstonia pickettii'' is a Betaproteobacteria species found in moist environments such as soils, rivers, and lakes. It has also been identified in biofilms in plastic wate ...

'' * – ''

Ralstonia solanacearum ''Ralstonia solanacearum'' is an aerobic non-spore-forming, Gram-negative, plant pathogenic bacterium. ''R. solanacearum'' is soil-borne and motile with a polar flagellar tuft. It colonises the xylem, causing bacterial wilt in a very wide rang ...

'' * – ''

Wautersia ''Cupriavidus'' is a genus of bacteria that includes the former genus ''Wautersia''. They are characterized as Gram-negative, motile, rod-shaped organisms with oxidative metabolism. They possess peritrichous flagella, are obligate aerobic organ ...

'' * – ''Wautersia eutropha'' * –

rhizobiaceae The Rhizobiaceae is a family of Pseudomonadota comprising multiple subgroups that enhance and hinder plant development. Some bacteria found in the family are used for plant nutrition and collectively make up the rhizobia. Other bacteria such as ...

* – ''

Rhizobium ''Rhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria that fix nitrogen. ''Rhizobium'' species form an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association with roots of (primarily) legumes and other flowering plants. The bacteria colonize plant cells ...

'' * – ''Rhizobium etli'' * – ''

Rhizobium leguminosarum ''Rhizobium leguminosarum'' is a bacterium which lives in a mutualistic symbiotic relationship with legumes, and has the ability to fix free nitrogen from the air. ''R. leguminosarum'' has been very thoroughly studied—it has been the subject ...

'' * – ''Rhizobium phaseoli'' * – ''

Rhizobium radiobacter ''Agrobacterium radiobacter'' (more commonly known as ''Agrobacterium tumefaciens'') is the causal agent of crown gall disease (the formation of tumours) in over 140 species of eudicots. It is a rod-shaped, Gram-negative soil bacterium. Sympto ...

'' * – ''Rhizobium tropici'' * – ''

Sinorhizobium ''Ensifer'' (often referred to in literature by its synonym ''Sinorhizobium'') is a genus of nitrogen-fixing bacteria ( rhizobia), three of which ('' Ensifer meliloti'', ''Ensifer medicae'' and '' Ensifer fredii'') have been sequenced. Etymolo ...

'' * – ''Sinorhizobium fredii'' * – '' Sinorhizobium meliloti'' * –

rhodospirillaceae The Rhodospirillaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota. The majority are purple nonsulfur bacteria, producing energy through photosynthesis; originally all purple nonsulfur bacteria were included here.George M. Garrity, Don J. Brenner, Noel R. ...

* – ''Azospirillum'' * – ''Azospirillum brasilense'' * – ''Azospirillum lipoferum'' * – ''

Magnetospirillum ''Magnetospirillum'' is a Gram-negative, microaerophilic genus of magnetotactic bacterium, first isolated from pond water by the microbiologist R. P. Blakemore in 1975. They have a spiral (helical) shape and are propelled by a polar flagellum ...

'' * – ''Rhodospirillum'' * – ''Rhodospirillum centenum'' * – '' Rhodospirillum rubrum'' * – ''Rhodothermus'' * – ''Sphingobacterium'' * – '' Sphingomonas'' * – ''

Thermus ''Thermus'' is a genus of thermophilic bacteria. It is one of several bacteria belonging to the ''Deinococcota'' phylum. ''Thermus'' species can be distinguished from other genera in the family ''Thermaceae'' as well as all other bacteria by th ...

'' * – ''

Thermus thermophilus ''Thermus thermophilus'' is a Gram-negative bacterium used in a range of biotechnological applications, including as a model organism for genetic manipulation, structural genomics, and systems biology. The bacterium is extremely thermophilic, w ...

'' * – ''Xanthobacter'' * –

xanthomonadaceae Xanthomonadaceae is a family of Pseudomonadota within the Xanthomonadales The Xanthomonadales are a bacterial order within the Gammaproteobacteria. They are one of the largest groups of bacterial phytopathogens, harbouring species such as ' ...

* – ''

Stenotrophomonas ''Stenotrophomonas'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria, comprising at least ten species. The main reservoirs of Stenotrophomonas are soil and plants. ''Stenotrophomonas'' species range from common soil organisms (''S. nitritireducens'') to o ...

'' * – ''

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia ''Stenotrophomonas maltophilia'' is an aerobic, nonfermentative, Gram-negative bacterium. It is an uncommon bacterium and human infection is difficult to treat. Initially classified as ''Bacterium bookeri'', then renamed ''Pseudomonas maltophil ...

'' * – '' Xanthomonas'' * – '' Xanthomonas campestris'' * – '' Xanthomonas vesicatoria'' * – ''Xylella'' * – ''Zoogloea'' * – gram-negative chemolithotrophic bacteria * – '' Thiobacillus'' * – ''

Thiotrichaceae The Thiotrichaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota, including ''Thiomargarita namibiensis'', the largest known bacterium.George M. Garrity: ''Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology''. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: ''The Prot ...

'' * – ''

Vitreoscilla ''Vitreoscilla'' is a genus of Gram-negative aerobic bacterium. The bacterial haemoglobin ( VHb) was first discovered from ''Vitreoscilla'', and VHb is found to have a wide range of biological and biotechnological applications including promoti ...

– gram-negative anaerobic bacteria

* – gram-negative anaerobic cocci * – ''

Megasphaera ''Megasphaera'' is a genus of Bacillota bacteria classified within the class Negativicutes. This classification has been reexamined.Yutin N, Galperin MY (2013) A genomic update on Clostridial phylogeny: Gram-negative spore formers and other mi ...

'' * – ''Thiocapsa'' * – ''Thiocapsa roseopersicina'' * – gram-negative anaerobic straight, curved, and helical rods * –

acidaminococcaceae The Negativicutes are a class of bacteria in the phylum Bacillota, whose members have a peculiar cell wall with a lipopolysaccharide outer membrane which stains gram-negative, unlike most other members of the Bacillota. Although several neighbou ...

* – ''

Acidaminococcus ''Acidaminococcus'' is a genus in the phylum Bacillota (Bacteria), whose members are anaerobic diplococci that can use amino acids as the sole energy source for growth. Like other members of the class Negativicutes, they are gram-negative, despi ...

'' * – ''

Pectinatus ''Pectinatus'' is a genus of Bacillota bacteria classified within the class Negativicutes. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Center for Biotechno ...

'' * – ''

Selenomonas Members of the genus ''Selenomonas'' (motile crescent-shaped bacteria in general) are referred to trivially as selenomonads. The genus ''Selenomonas'' constitutes a group of motile crescent-shaped bacteria and includes species living in the gast ...

'' * – ''

Veillonella ''Veillonella'' are Gram-negative bacteria (Gram stain pink) anaerobic cocci, unlike most Bacillota, which are Gram-positive bacteria. This bacterium is well known for its lactate fermenting abilities. It is a normal bacterium in the intestine ...

'' * – ''

Anaerobiospirillum ''Anaerobiospirillum'' is a genus of Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria recognized as human flora in human gastrointestinal tract, mainly in the human feces Human feces (or faeces in British English) is the solid or semisolid remains of food th ...

'' * – bacteroidaceae * – ''Bacteroides'' * – ''Bacteroides fragilis'' * – ''Porphyromonas'' * – ''Porphyromonas endodontalis'' * – ''Porphyromonas gingivalis'' * – ''Prevotella'' * – ''Prevotella intermedia'' * – ''Prevotella melaninogenica'' * – ''Prevotella nigrescens'' * – ''Prevotella ruminicola'' * – ''Bilophila'' * – ''

Butyrivibrio ''Butyrivibrio'' is a genus of bacteria in Clostridia, Class Clostridia. Bacteria of this genus are common in the gastrointestinal systems of many animals. Genus ''Butyrivibrio'' was first described by Bryant and Small (1956) as Anaerobic organi ...

'' * – ''Chlorobium'' * – ''

Chromatium ''Chromatium'' is a genus of photoautotrophic Gram-negative bacteria which are found in water. The cells are straight rod-shaped or slightly curved. They belong to the purple sulfur bacteria and oxidize sulfide to produce sulfur which is deposi ...

'' * – '' Desulfovibrio'' * – ''Desulfovibrio africanus'' * – ''Desulfovibrio desulfuricans'' * – ''Desulfovibrio gigas'' * – ''

Desulfovibrio vulgaris ''Desulfovibrio vulgaris'' is a species of Gram-negative sulfate-reducing bacteria in the Desulfovibrionaceae family. ''Desulfovibrio vulgaris'' is often used as a model organism for sulfur-reducing bacteria and was the first of such bacteria ...

'' * – ''Desulfuromonas'' * – ''

Dichelobacter nodosus ''Dichelobacter nodosus'', formerly ''Bacteroides nodosus'', is a Gram-negative, obligate anaerobe of the family Cardiobacteriaceae. It has polar fimbriae and is the causative agent of ovine foot rot as well as interdigital dermatitis. It is ...

'' * –

ectothiorhodospiraceae The Ectothiorhodospiraceae are a family of purple sulfur bacteria, distinguished by producing sulfur globules outside of their cells.George M. Garrity: '' Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology''. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume ...

* – ''Ectothiorhodospira'' * – ''

Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii The Ectothiorhodospiraceae are a family of purple sulfur bacteria, distinguished by producing sulfur globules outside of their cells.George M. Garrity: ''Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology''. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2 ...

'' * – ''Halorhodospira halophila'' * – ''

Fibrobacter Fibrobacterota is a small bacterial phylum which includes many of the major rumen bacteria, allowing for the degradation of plant-based cellulose in ruminant animals. Members of this phylum were categorized in other phyla. The genus '' Fibrobac ...

'' * – ''Fusobacterium'' * – ''Fusobacterium necrophorum'' * – ''Fusobacterium nucleatum'' * – ''

Geobacter ''Geobacter'' is a genus of bacteria. ''Geobacter'' species are anaerobic respiration bacterial species which have capabilities that make them useful in bioremediation. ''Geobacter'' was found to be the first organism with the ability to oxidiz ...

'' * – ''Leptotrichia'' * – ''

Oxalobacter formigenes ''Oxalobacter formigenes'' is a Gram negative oxalate-degrading anaerobic bacterium that was first isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of a sheep in 1985. To date, the bacterium has been found to colonizes the large intestines of numerous ...

'' * – ''Propionigenium'' * – ''Selenomonas'' * – '' Spirochaetaceae'' * – '' Borrelia'' * – ''Borrelia burgdorferi'' group * – '' Borrelia burgdorferi'' * – ''Serpulina'' * – '' Serpulina hyodysenteriae'' * – ''

Spirochaeta ''Spirochaeta'' is a genus of bacteria classified within the phylum Spirochaetota.See the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. Data extracted from See the NCBIbr>webpage on SpirochaetesData extracted from Phylogeny Taxonom ...

'' * – ''

Treponema ''Treponema'' is a genus of spiral-shaped bacteria. The major treponeme species of human pathogens is ''Treponema pallidum'', whose subspecies are responsible for diseases such as syphilis, bejel, and yaws. ''Treponema carateum'' is the cause o ...

'' * – ''

Treponema denticola ''Treponema denticola'' is a Gram-negative, obligate anaerobic, motile and highly proteolytic spirochete bacterium. It is one of four species of oral spirochetes to be reliably cultured, the others being ''Treponema pectinovorum, Treponema socra ...

'' * – ''

Treponema pallidum ''Treponema pallidum'', formerly known as ''Spirochaeta pallida'', is a spirochaete bacterium with various subspecies that cause the diseases syphilis, bejel (also known as endemic syphilis), and yaws. It is transmitted only among humans. It is ...

'' * –

succinivibrionaceae The Succinivibrionaceae are Gram-negative bacteria and belong to the Gammaproteobacteria. They are rod-shaped and obligate anaerobe Obligate anaerobes are microorganisms killed by normal atmospheric concentrations of oxygen (20.95% O2). Oxy ...

* – ''

Thauera ''Thauera'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family '' Zoogloeaceae'' of the order ''Rhodocyclales'' of the ''Betaproteobacteria Betaproteobacteria are a class of Gram-negative bacteria, and one of the eight classes of the phylum ...

'' * – '' Thermotoga maritima'' * – ''

Thermotoga neapolitana ''Thermotoga neapolitana'' is a hyperthermophilic organism that is a member of the order Thermotogales. Discovery ''Thermotoga neapolitana'' was discovered in 1985 in Lucrino, Italy in a hotspring environment by Shimshon Belkin, Carl. O Wirse ...

'' * – ''Wolinella''

– gram-negative facultatively anaerobic rods

* – ''

Actinobacillus ''Actinobacillus'' is a genus of Gram-negative, nonmotile and non-spore-forming, oval to rod-shaped bacteria occurring as parasites or pathogens in mammals, birds, and reptiles. It is a member of the family Pasteurellaceae. The bacteria are facul ...

'' * – '' Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans'' * – ''Actinobacillus equuli'' * – ''

Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae ''Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae'' (previously ''Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae''), is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, respiratory pathogen found in pigs. It was first reported in 1957, and was formally declared to be the causative agent o ...

'' * – ''Actinobacillus seminis'' * – '' Actinobacillus suis'' * –

aeromonadaceae The Aeromonadaceae are Gram-negative bacteria. The species are facultative anaerobic organism An anaerobic organism or anaerobe is any organism that does not require molecular oxygen for growth. It may react negatively or even die if free oxyge ...

* – ''

Aeromonas ''Aeromonas'' is a genus of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that morphologically resemble members of the family Enterobacteriaceae. Most of the 14 described species have been associated with human diseases. The most imp ...

'' * – '' Aeromonas hydrophila'' * – '' Aeromonas salmonicida'' * – ''Azoarcus'' * – ''Capnocytophaga'' * –

cardiobacteriaceae The Cardiobacteriaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota, given their own order. They are Gram-negative Gram-negative bacteria are bacteria that do not retain the crystal violet stain used in the Gram staining method of bacterial differentiati ...

* – ''

Cardiobacterium ''Cardiobacterium'' is a Gram-negative bacillus (rod-shaped) bacterium commonly grouped with other bacteria into the HACEK group. Species of ''Cardiobacterium'' include ''Cardiobacterium hominis ''Cardiobacterium hominis'' is a Gram-negative ...

'' * – ''Dichelobacter nodosus'' * – ''

Chromobacterium ''Chromobacterium'' is a genus of Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria. Currently, eleven species within the genus are known, two of those are ''Chromobacterium violaceum ''Chromobacterium violaceum'' is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, ...

'' * – ''

Eikenella ''Eikenella corrodens'' is a Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacillus that can cause severe invasive disease in humans. It was first identified by M. Eiken in 1958, who called it ''Bacteroides corrodens''. ''E. corrodens'' is a rare pericar ...

'' * – ''

Eikenella corrodens ''Eikenella corrodens'' is a Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacillus that can cause severe invasive disease in humans. It was first identified by M. Eiken in 1958, who called it ''Bacteroides corrodens''. ''E. corrodens'' is a rare pericar ...

'' * –

enterobacteriaceae Enterobacteriaceae is a large family (biology), family of Gram-negative bacteria. It was first proposed by Rahn in 1936, and now includes over 30 genera and more than 100 species. Its classification above the level of family is still a subject ...

* – ''Calymmatobacterium'' * – ''

Citrobacter ''Citrobacter'' is a genus of Gram-negative coliform bacteria in the family Enterobacteriaceae. The species ''C. amalonaticus'', ''C. koseri'', and ''C. freundii'' can use citrate as a sole carbon source. ''Citrobacter'' species are differentia ...

'' * – '' Citrobacter freundii'' * – '' Citrobacter koseri'' * – ''Citrobacter rodentium'' * – '' Edwardsiella'' * – ''

Edwardsiella ictaluri ''Edwardsiella ictaluri'' (also known as enteric septicaemia of catfish, hole in the head diseaseThis term is also used for head and lateral line erosion, an unrelated disease affecting many aquarium fish species. and ESC) is a member of the fa ...

'' * –

Edwardsiella tarda ''Edwardsiella tarda'' is a member of the family '' Hafniaceae''. The bacterium is a facultatively anaerobic, small, motile, gram negative, straight rod with flagella. Infection causes Edwardsiella septicemia (also known as ES, edwardsiellosis, ...

* – ''

Enterobacter ''Enterobacter'' is a genus of common Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. It is the type genus of the order Enterobacterales. Several strains of these bacteria are pat ...

'' * – '' Enterobacter aerogenes'' * – '' Enterobacter cloacae'' * – '' Enterobacter sakazakii'' * – ''

Erwinia ''Erwinia'' is a genus of Enterobacterales bacteria containing mostly plant pathogenic species which was named for the famous plant pathologist, Erwin Frink Smith. It contains Gram-negative bacteria related to ''Escherichia coli'', ''Shigella'' ...

'' * – '' Erwinia amylovora'' * – '' Escherichia'' * – ''

Escherichia coli ''Escherichia coli'' (),Wells, J. C. (2000) Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Harlow ngland Pearson Education Ltd. also known as ''E. coli'' (), is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus ''Escher ...

'' * – ''Escherichia coli'' k12 * – ''Escherichia coli'' o157 * – '' Hafnia'' * – '' Hafnia alvei'' * – ''

Klebsiella ''Klebsiella'' is a genus of Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, rod-shaped bacteria with a prominent polysaccharide-based capsule. ''Klebsiella'' species are found everywhere in nature. This is thought to be due to distinct sublineages developin ...

'' * – ''

Klebsiella oxytoca ''Klebsiella oxytoca'' is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium that is closely related to ''K. pneumoniae'', from which it is distinguished by being indole-positive; it also has slightly different growth characteristics in that it is able to gro ...

'' * – '' Klebsiella pneumoniae'' * – ''Kluyvera'' * – '' Morganella'' * – ''

Morganella morganii ''Morganella morganii'' is a species of Gram-negative bacteria.eMedicineMorganella infections/ref> It has a commensal relationship within the intestinal tracts of humans, mammals, and reptiles as normal flora. Although ''M. morganii'' has a wide ...

'' * – ''

Pantoea ''Pantoea'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria of the family Erwiniaceae, recently separated from the genus ''Enterobacter''. This genus includes at least 20 species. ''Pantoea'' bacteria are yellow pigmented, ferment lactose, are motile, and ...

'' * – ''Pectobacterium'' * – ''

Pectobacterium carotovorum ''Pectobacterium carotovorum'' is a bacterium of the family Pectobacteriaceae; it used to be a member of the genus ''Erwinia''. The species is a plant pathogen with a diverse host range, including many agriculturally and scientifically importa ...

'' * – '' Pectobacterium chrysanthemi'' * – ''

Photorhabdus ''Photorhabdus'' is a genus of bioluminescent, gram-negative bacilli which lives symbiotically within entomopathogenic nematodes, hence the name ''photo'' (which means light producing) and ''rhabdus'' (rod shape). ''Photorhabdus'' is known to be ...

'' * – ''

Plesiomonas ''Plesiomonas shigelloides'' is a species of bacteria and the only member of its genus. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium which has been isolated from freshwater, freshwater fish, shellfish, cattle, goats, swine, cats, dogs, monkeys, vu ...

'' * – ''

Proteus In Greek mythology, Proteus (; Ancient Greek: Πρωτεύς, ''Prōteus'') is an early prophetic sea-god or god of rivers and oceanic bodies of water, one of several deities whom Homer calls the "Old Man of the Sea" ''(hálios gérôn)''. ...

'' * – ''

Proteus mirabilis ''Proteus mirabilis'' is a Gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium. It shows swarming motility and urease activity. ''P. mirabilis'' causes 90% of all ''Proteus'' infections in humans. It is widely distributed in soil and ...

'' * – '' Proteus penneri'' * – ''

Proteus vulgaris ''Proteus vulgaris'' is a rod-shaped, nitrate-reducing, indole-positive and catalase-positive, hydrogen sulfide-producing, Gram-negative bacterium that inhabits the intestinal tracts of humans and animals. It can be found in soil, water, and feca ...

'' * – '' Providencia'' * – ''

Salmonella ''Salmonella'' is a genus of rod-shaped (bacillus) Gram-negative bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The two species of ''Salmonella'' are ''Salmonella enterica'' and ''Salmonella bongori''. ''S. enterica'' is the type species and is fur ...

'' * – ''Salmonella arizonae'' * – '' Salmonella enterica'' * – ''

Salmonella enteritidis ''Salmonella enterica'' subsp. ''enterica'' is a subspecies of ''Salmonella enterica'', the rod-shaped, flagellated, aerobic, Gram-negative bacterium. Many of the pathogenic serovars of the ''S. enterica'' species are in this subspecies, includi ...

'' * – ''Salmonella paratyphi'' A * – ''Salmonella paratyphi'' B * – ''Salmonella paratyphi'' C * – '' Salmonella typhi'' * – '' Salmonella typhimurium'' * – '' Serratia'' * – ''Serratia liquefaciens'' * – ''

Serratia marcescens ''Serratia marcescens'' () is a species of rod-shaped, Gram-negative bacteria in the family Yersiniaceae. It is a facultative anaerobe and an opportunistic pathogen in humans. It was discovered in 1819 by Bartolomeo Bizio in Padua, Italy.Serrati ...

'' * – ''

Shigella ''Shigella'' is a genus of bacteria that is Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, non-spore-forming, nonmotile, rod-shaped, and genetically closely related to ''E. coli''. The genus is named after Kiyoshi Shiga, who first discovered it in 1897. ...

'' * – ''

Shigella boydii ''Shigella boydii'' is a Gram-negative bacterium of the genus ''Shigella''. Like other members of the genus, ''S. boydii'' is a nonmotile, nonsporeforming, rod-shaped bacterium which can cause dysentery in humans through fecal-oral contamination ...

'' * – ''

Shigella dysenteriae ''Shigella dysenteriae'' is a species of the rod-shaped bacterial genus ''Shigella''. ''Shigella'' species can cause shigellosis ( bacillary dysentery). Shigellae are Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, nonmotile bacteri ...

'' * – ''

Shigella flexneri ''Shigella flexneri'' is a species of Gram-negative bacteria in the genus ''Shigella'' that can cause diarrhea in humans. Several different serogroups of ''Shigella'' are described; ''S. flexneri'' belongs to group ''B''. ''S. flexneri'' infecti ...

'' * – ''

Shigella sonnei ''Shigella sonnei'' is a species of ''Shigella''. Together with ''Shigella flexneri'', it is responsible for 90% of shigellosis cases. ''Shigella sonnei'' is named for the Danish bacteriologist Carl Olaf Sonne. It is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped ...

'' * – ''

Wigglesworthia ''Wigglesworthia glossinidia'' is a species of gram-negative bacteria which was isolated from the gut of the tsetse fly. ''W. glossinidia'' is a bacterial endosymbiont of the tsetse fly. Because of this relationship, ''Wigglesworthia'' has lost a ...

'' * – ''

Xenorhabdus ''Xenorhabdus'' is a genus of motile, gram-negative bacteria from the family of the Morganellaceae. All the species of the genus are only known to live in symbiosis with soil entomopathogenic nematodes from the genus ''Steinernema''. Although no ...

'' * – '' Yersinia'' * – ''

Yersinia enterocolitica ''Yersinia enterocolitica'' is a Gram-negative, bacillus-shaped bacterium, belonging to the family Yersiniaceae. It is motile at temperatures of 22–29° C (72–84 °F), but becomes nonmotile at normal human body temperature. ''Y. enterocolitic ...

'' * – '' Yersinia pestis'' * – ''

Yersinia pseudotuberculosis ''Yersinia pseudotuberculosis'' is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes Far East scarlet-like fever in humans, who occasionally get infected zoonotically, most often through the food-borne route. Animals are also infected by ''Y. pseudotuberc ...

'' * – ''Yersinia rucker'' * – ''

Gardnerella ''Gardnerella'' is a genus of Gram-variable-staining facultative anaerobic bacteria. Eponym It is named after Hermann L. Gardner (1912–1982), an American bacteriologist who discovered it in 1955. References

Bifidobacteriales Bacteria ...

'' * – ''

Gardnerella vaginalis ''Gardnerella vaginalis'' is a species of Gram-variable-staining facultative anaerobic bacteria. The organisms are small (1.0–1.5 μm in diameter) non-spore-forming, nonmotile coccobacilli. Once classified as ''Haemophilus vaginalis'' an ...

'' * – ''Moritella'' * – '' Pasteurellaceae'' * – ''

Haemophilus ''Haemophilus'' is a genus of Gram-negative, pleomorphic, coccobacilli bacteria belonging to the family Pasteurellaceae. While ''Haemophilus'' bacteria are typically small coccobacilli, they are categorized as pleomorphic bacteria because of ...

'' * – '' Haemophilus ducreyi'' * – ''

Haemophilus influenzae ''Haemophilus influenzae'' (formerly called Pfeiffer's bacillus or ''Bacillus influenzae'') is a Gram-negative, non-motile, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic, capnophilic pathogenic bacterium of the family Pasteurellaceae. The bacteria ...

'' * – ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type B * – ''Haemophilus paragallinarum'' * – ''

Haemophilus parainfluenzae ''Haemophilus parainfluenzae'' is a species of'' Haemophilus''. It is one of the HACEK organisms. ''H. parainfluenzae'' is an opportunistic pathogen that has been associated with endocarditis, bronchitis, otitis, conjunctivitis, pneumonia, ab ...

'' * – '' Haemophilus paraphrophilus'' * – ''Haemophilus parasuis'' * – ''Haemophilus somnus'' * – ''Mannheimia'' * – ''Mannheimia haemolytica'' * – '' Pasteurella'' * – '' Pasteurella multocida'' * – ''Pasteurella pneumotropica'' * – ''Rahnella'' * – '' Shewanella'' * – '' Shewanella putrefaciens'' * – ''Streptobacillus'' * –

vibrionaceae The Vibrionaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota given their own order, Vibrionales. Inhabitants of fresh or salt water, several species are pathogenic, including the type species ''Vibrio cholerae'', which is the agent responsible for cholera. Mo ...

* – ''

Photobacterium ''Photobacterium'' is a genus of gram-negative, oxidase positive and catalase positive bacteria in the family ''Vibrionaceae''. Members of the genus are bioluminescent, that is they have the ability to emit light. Many species, including '' Pho ...

'' * – '' Vibrio'' * – ''

Vibrio alginolyticus ''Vibrio alginolyticus'' is a Gram-negative marine bacterium. It is medically important since it causes otitis and wound infection. It is also present in the bodies of animals such as pufferfish, where it is responsible for the production of ...

'' * – ''

Vibrio cholerae ''Vibrio cholerae'' is a species of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. The bacteria naturally live in brackish or saltwater where they attach themselves easily to the chitin-containing shells of crabs, shrimps, and oth ...

'' * – ''Vibrio cholerae'' non-O1 * – ''Vibrio cholerae'' O1 * – ''Vibrio cholerae'' O139 * – '' Vibrio fischeri'' * – '' Vibrio mimicus'' * – '' Vibrio parahaemolyticus'' * – ''Vibrio salmonicida'' * – ''

Vibrio vulnificus ''Vibrio vulnificus'' is a species of Gram-negative, motile, curved rod-shaped (bacillus), pathogenic bacteria of the genus ''Vibrio''. Present in marine environments such as estuaries, brackish ponds, or coastal areas, ''V. vulnificus'' is relat ...

'' * – ''

Zymomonas ''Zymomonas mobilis'' is a Gram negative, facultative anaerobic, non-sporulating, polarly-flagellated, rod-shaped bacterium. It is the only species found in the genus '' Zymomonas''. It has notable bioethanol-producing capabilities, which surpa ...

– gram-negative oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria

* – cyanobacteria * – ''Anabaena'' * – ''Anabaena cylindrica'' * – ''Anabaena flos-aquae'' * – ''Anabaena variabilis'' * – ''Aphanizomenon'' * – ''Cyanothece'' * – ''Cylindrospermopsis'' * – ''Microcystis'' * – ''Nodularia'' * — ''Nostoc'' * – ''Nostoc commune'' * – ''Nostoc muscorum'' * – ''Plectonema'' * – '' Prochlorophytes'' * – '' Prochlorococcus'' * – '' Prochloron'' * – ''Prochlorothrix'' * – ''Synechococcus'' * – ''Synechocystis''

– '' Helicobacter''

* – ''Helicobacter felis'' * – ''Helicobacter heilmannii'' * – ''Helicobacter hepaticus'' * – ''Helicobacter mustelae'' * – '' Helicobacter pylori''

– ''Lawsonia'' bacteria

– ''Methylosinus''

* – ''Methylosinus trichosporium''

– mollicutes

* –

acholeplasmataceae Acholeplasmataceae is a family of bacteria. It is the only family in the order Acholeplasmatales, placed in the class Mollicutes. The family comprises the genera '' Acholeplasma'' and ''Phytoplasma''. ''Phytoplasma'' has the candidatus status, ...

* – ''

Acholeplasma ''Acholeplasma'' are wall-less bacteria in the Mollicutes class. They include saprotrophic or pathogenic species. There are 15 recognised species. The G+C content is low, ranging from 26 - 36% ( mol%). The genomes of ''Acholeplasma'' species ran ...

'' * – ''Acholeplasma laidlawii'' * – '' Phytoplasma'' * – ''

Entomoplasmataceae Entomoplasmatales is a small order of mollicute bacteria. The genus ''Spiroplasma'' is part of this order. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) and National Ce ...

'' * – ''

Erysipelothrix ''Erysipelothrix'' is a genus of bacteria containing four described species, ''Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae'', ''Erysipelothrix tonsillarum'', ''Erysipelothrix inopinata'' and ''Erysipelothrix larvae''.Verbarg, S., et al. (2004)''Erysipelothrix i ...

'' * – mycoplasmatales * – mycoplasmataceae * – ''

Mycoplasma ''Mycoplasma'' is a genus of bacteria that, like the other members of the class ''Mollicutes'', lack a cell wall around their cell membranes. Peptidoglycan (murein) is absent. This characteristic makes them naturally resistant to antibiotics ...

'' * – ''Mycoplasma agalactiae'' * – ''Mycoplasma arthritidis'' * – ''Mycoplasma bovigenitalium'' * – ''Mycoplasma bovis'' * – '' Mycoplasma capricolum'' * – ''Mycoplasma conjunctivae'' * – ''Mycoplasma dispar'' * – ''Mycoplasma fermentans'' * – '' Mycoplasma gallisepticum'' * – '' Mycoplasma genitalium'' * – '' Mycoplasma hominis'' * – ''

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae ''Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae'' is a species of bacteria known to cause the disease porcine enzootic pneumonia, a highly contagious and chronic disease affecting pigs. As with other mollicutes, ''M. hyopneumoniae'' is small in size (400–1200 ...

'' * – ''

Mycoplasma hyorhinis ''Mycoplasma hyorhinis'' is a species of bacteria in the Mycoplasmataceae family. It is often found as a commensal in the respiratory tract of pigs, and rarely in the skin of humans. ''M. hyorhinis'' is thought to facilitate and exacerbate the d ...

'' * – ''Mycoplasma hyosynoviae'' * – ''Mycoplasma iowae'' * – '' Mycoplasma meleagridis'' * – '' Mycoplasma mycoides'' * – ''Mycoplasma orale'' * – '' Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae'' * – ''Mycoplasma penetrans'' * – '' Mycoplasma pneumoniae'' * – ''Mycoplasma pulmonis'' * – ''Mycoplasma salivarium'' * – ''

Mycoplasma synoviae ''Mycoplasma synoviae'' is a species of bacterium in the genus ''Mycoplasma''. It causes disease in the joints, bones and respiratory system of birds. It is found throughout the world and infection may be referred to as infectious synovitis, avia ...

'' * – '' Ureaplasma'' * – ''

Ureaplasma urealyticum ''Ureaplasma urealyticum'' is a bacterium belonging to the genus ''Ureaplasma'' and the family Mycoplasmataceae in the order Mycoplasmatales. This family consists of the genera ''Mycoplasma'' and ''Ureaplasma''. Its type strain is T960. There are ...

'' * – spiroplasmataceae * – ''

Spiroplasma ''Spiroplasma'' is a genus of Mollicutes, a group of small bacteria without cell walls. ''Spiroplasma'' shares the simple metabolism, parasitic lifestyle, fried-egg colony morphology and small genome of other ''Mollicutes'', but has a distinctive ...

'' * – ''Spiroplasma citri''

– oceanospirillaceae

– ''Ornithobacterium''

–
piscirickettsiaceae The Piscirickettsiaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota. All species are aerobes found in water.George M. Garrity: '' Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology''. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: ''The Proteobacteria, Part B: Th ...

– ''
Rhodobacter في الفيسبوك In taxonomy, ''Rhodobacter'' is a genus of the Rhodobacteraceae. The most famous species of ''Rhodobacter'' are ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides'' and ''Rhodobacter capsulatus ''Rhodobacter capsulatus'' is a species of purple ba ...
''

* – ''Rhodobacter capsulatus'' * – '' Rhodobacter sphaeroides''

– ''Rhodomicrobium''

– '' Rhodovulum''

–
rickettsiaceae The Rickettsiaceae are a family of bacteria. The genus ''Rickettsia'' is the most prominent genus within the family. The bacteria that eventually formed the mitochondrion (an organelle in eukaryotic cells) is believed to have originated from t ...

* – rickettsieae * – ''

Orientia tsutsugamushi ''Orientia tsutsugamushi'' (from Japanese ''tsutsuga'' meaning "illness", and ''mushi'' meaning "insect") is a mite-borne bacterium belonging to the family Rickettsiaceae and is responsible for a disease called scrub typhus in humans. It is a ...

'' * – ''

Rickettsia ''Rickettsia'' is a genus of nonmotile, gram-negative, nonspore-forming, highly pleomorphic bacteria that may occur in the forms of cocci (0.1 μm in diameter), bacilli (1–4 μm long), or threads (up to about 10 μm long). The term "rickett ...

'' * – ''

Rickettsia akari ''Rickettsia akari'' is a species of ''Rickettsia'' which causes rickettsialpox. After a 1946 outbreak of a rickettsial-type disease at an apartment complex in Kew Gardens, Queens, an investigation was performed to identify the source of the inf ...

'' * – ''

Rickettsia conorii ''Rickettsia conorii'' is a Gram-negative, obligate intracellular bacterium of the genus ''Rickettsia'' that causes human disease called boutonneuse fever, Mediterranean spotted fever, Israeli tick typhus, Astrakhan spotted fever, Kenya tick ty ...

'' * – ''

Rickettsia felis ''Rickettsia felis'' is a species of bacterium, the pathogen that causes cat-flea typhus in humans, also known as flea-borne spotted fever. ''Rickettsia felis'' also is regarded as the causative organism of many cases of illnesses generally class ...

'' * – ''

Rickettsia prowazekii ''Rickettsia prowazekii'' is a species of gram-negative, alphaproteobacteria, obligate intracellular parasitic, aerobic bacillus bacteria that is the etiologic agent of epidemic typhus, transmitted in the feces of lice. In North America, the ...

'' * – ''

Rickettsia rickettsii ''Rickettsia rickettsii'' (abbreviated as ''R. rickettsii'') is a gram-negative, intracellular, coccobacillus bacterium that is around 0.8 to 2.0 μm long. ''R. rickettsii'' is the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. ''R. rickettsii ...

'' * – ''

Rickettsia typhi ''Rickettsia typhi'' is a small, aerobic, obligate intracellular, rod shaped gram negative bacterium. It belongs to the typhus group of the ''Rickettsia'' genus, along with ''R. prowazekii''. ''R. typhi'' has an uncertain history, as it may have l ...

'' * – '' Wolbachia''

– ''
Roseobacter In taxonomy, ''Roseobacter'' is a genus of the Rhodobacteraceae. The Roseobacter clade falls within the -3 subclass of the class Alphaproteobacteria. The first strain descriptions appeared in 1991 which described members ''Roseobacter'' ''litora ...
''

–
spirillaceae Spirillaceae is a family in the order '' Nitrosomonadales'' in the class ''Betaproteobacteria'' of the bacteria. Only one genus, ''Spirillum ''Spirillum'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family '' Spirillaceae'' of the '' Nitros ...

* – ''

Spirillum ''Spirillum'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family ''Spirillaceae'' of the ''Nitrosomonadales'' of the ''Betaproteobacteria''.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of ...

–
gram-positive bacteria In bacteriology, gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test, which is traditionally used to quickly classify bacteria into two broad categories according to their type of cell wall. Gram-positive bact ...

– Actinomycetota

* –

actinomycetales The Actinomycetales is an order of Actinomycetota. A member of the order is often called an actinomycete. Actinomycetales are generally gram-positive and anaerobic and have mycelia in a filamentous and branching growth pattern. Some actinomycete ...

* – actinomycetaceae * – '' Actinomyces'' * – ''Actinomyces viscosus'' * – ''

Mobiluncus ''Mobiluncus'' is a genus of Gram-positive, anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria. These bacteria may be stained either Gram-negative or Gram-variable. However, they are classified as Gram-positive rods due to the fact that they possess a Gram-positive ...

'' * – '' Brevibacterium'' * – ''

Cellulomonas ''Cellulomonas'' is a genus of Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria. One of their main distinguishing features is their ability to degrade cellulose, using enzymes such as endoglucanase and exoglucanase. They are members of the Actinomycetota Th ...

'' * – ''

Corynebacterium ''Corynebacterium'' () is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria and most are aerobe, aerobic. They are bacillus (shape), bacilli (rod-shaped), and in some phases of life they are, more specifically, club (weapon), club-shaped, which inspired the gen ...

'' * – ''Brevibacterium flavum'' * – ''

Corynebacterium diphtheriae ''Corynebacterium diphtheriae'' is the pathogenic bacterium that causes diphtheria. It is also known as the Klebs–Löffler bacillus, because it was discovered in 1884 by German bacteriologists Edwin Klebs (1834–1912) and Friedrich Löffl ...

'' * – ''Corynebacterium glutamicum'' * – ''Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis'' * – ''Corynebacterium pyogenes'' * – '' Frankia'' * – ''Gordonia'' bacterium * – micrococcaceae * – ''

Arthrobacter ''Arthrobacter'' (from the Greek, "jointed small stick”) is a genus of bacteria that is commonly found in soil. All species in this genus are Gram-positive obligate aerobes that are rods during exponential growth and cocci in their stationary ...

'' * – ''

Micrococcus ''Micrococcus'' (mi’ krō kŏk’ Əs) is a genus of bacteria in the Micrococcaceae family. ''Micrococcus'' occurs in a wide range of environments, including water, dust, and soil. Micrococci have Gram-positive spherical cells ranging from abo ...

'' * – ''

Micrococcus luteus ''Micrococcus luteus'' is a Gram-positive, to Gram-variable, nonmotile, coccus, tetrad-arranging, pigmented, saprotrophic bacterium that belongs to the family Micrococcaceae. It is urease and catalase positive. An obligate aerobe, ''M. luteus' ...

'' * – micromonosporaceae * – ''Micromonospora'' * –

mycobacteriaceae ''Mycobacteriaceae'' is a family of bacteria in the phylum Actinomycetota The ''Actinomycetota'' (or ''Actinobacteria'') are a phylum of all gram-positive bacteria. They can be terrestrial or aquatic. They are of great economic importance t ...

* – ''

Mycobacterium ''Mycobacterium'' is a genus of over 190 species in the phylum Actinomycetota, assigned its own family, Mycobacteriaceae. This genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis ('' M. tuberculosis'') and ...

'' * – mycobacteria, atypical * – ''Mycobacterium avium'' complex * – ''

Mycobacterium chelonae ''Mycobacteroides chelonae'' (formerly ''Mycobacterium chelonae'') is a species of bacteria from the phylum Actinomycetota belonging to the genus '' Mycobacteroides''. ''Mycobacteroides chelonae'' is a rapidly growing mycobacterium that is found ...

'' * – '' Mycobacterium fortuitum'' * – ''

Mycobacterium kansasii ''Mycobacterium kansasii'' is a bacterium in the ''Mycobacterium'' genus. It is an environmental bacteria that causes opportunistic infections in humans, and is the one of the leading mycobacterial causes of human disease after tuberculosis and ...

'' * – '' Mycobacterium marinum'' * – '' Mycobacterium scrofulaceum'' * – '' Mycobacterium smegmatis'' * – '' Mycobacterium ulcerans'' * – ''

Mycobacterium xenopi ''Mycobacterium xenopi'' is a slow-growing scotochromogenic species of ''Mycobacterium''. It was first reported by Schwabacher in 1959, having been isolated in lesions found on a ''Xenopus laevis'', but the possibility of human infection was not ...

'' * – ''

Mycobacterium avium ''Mycobacterium avium ''complex is a group of mycobacteria comprising ''Mycobacterium intracellulare'' and ''Mycobacterium avium'' that are commonly grouped because they infect humans together; this group, in turn, is part of the group of nontub ...

'' * – ''

Mycobacterium bovis ''Mycobacterium bovis'' is a slow-growing (16- to 20-hour generation time) aerobic bacterium and the causative agent of tuberculosis in cattle (known as bovine TB). It is related to ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'', the bacterium which causes tube ...

'' * – ''

Mycobacterium haemophilum ''Mycobacterium haemophilum'' is a species of the phylum Actinomycetota (Gram-positive bacteria with high guanine and cytosine content, one of the dominant phyla of all bacteria), belonging to the genus ''Mycobacterium''. Description Short, oc ...

'' * – '' Mycobacterium leprae'' * – '' Mycobacterium lepraemurium'' * – '' Mycobacterium paratuberculosis'' * – ''

Mycobacterium phlei ''Mycobacterium phlei'' is a species of acid-fast bacteria in the genus '' Mycobacterium''. It is characterized as one of the fast-growing mycobacteria. ''M. phlei'' has only occasionally been isolated in human infections, and patients infecte ...

'' * – ''

Mycobacterium tuberculosis ''Mycobacterium tuberculosis'' (M. tb) is a species of pathogenic bacteria in the family Mycobacteriaceae and the causative agent of tuberculosis. First discovered in 1882 by Robert Koch, ''M. tuberculosis'' has an unusual, waxy coating on its c ...

'' * –

nocardiaceae The Nocardiaceae are a family of aerobic, non-fastidious, high G+C, Gram-positive actinomycetes that are commonly found in soil and water. Members of this family have been isolated from Antarctic soils. Nocardiaceae present coccobacilli, fila ...

* – ''

Nocardia ''Nocardia'' is a genus of weakly staining Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria. It forms partially acid-fast beaded branching filaments (acting as fungi, but being truly bacteria). It contains a total of 85 species. Some spec ...

'' * – ''

Nocardia asteroides ''Nocardia asteroides'' is a species of ''Nocardia''. It can cause nocardiosis, a severe pulmonary infection in immunocompromised hosts. References Further reading * External linksType strain of ''Nocardia asteroides'' at Bac''Dive'' - the ...

'' * – ''

Rhodococcus ''Rhodococcus'' is a genus of aerobic, nonsporulating, nonmotile Gram-positive bacteria closely related to ''Mycobacterium'' and ''Corynebacterium''. While a few species are pathogenic, most are benign, and have been found to thrive in a broad ...

'' * – ''

Rhodococcus equi ''Rhodococcus equi'' is a Gram-positive coccobacillus bacterium. The organism is commonly found in dry and dusty soil and can be important for diseases of domesticated animals (horses and goats). The frequency of infection can reach near 60%. '' ...

'' * –

propionibacteriaceae The Propionibacteriaceae are a family of Gram-positive bacteria found in dairy products or in the intestinal tracts of animals and living in the pores of humans. References Further reading * Taxa described in 1957 {{Propionibacte ...

* – ''

Propionibacterium ''Propionibacterium'' is a gram-positive, anaerobic, rod-shaped genus of bacteria named for their unique metabolism: They are able to synthesize propionic acid by using unusual transcarboxylase enzymes. Its members are primarily facultative par ...

'' * – ''

Propionibacterium acnes ''Cutibacterium acnes'' (formerly ''Propionibacterium acnes'') is the relatively slow-growing, typically aerotolerant anaerobic, gram-positive bacterium (rod) linked to the skin condition of acne; it can also cause chronic blepharitis and endoph ...

'' * – ''Saccharopolyspora'' * – ''Streptomycetaceae'' * – ''Streptomyces'' * – ''Streptomyces antibioticus'' * – ''Streptomyces aureofaciens'' * – ''Streptomyces coelicolor'' * – ''Streptomyces griseus'' * – ''Streptomyces lividans'' * – '' Bifidobacterium'' * – ''Gardnerella'' * – ''Gardnerella vaginalis''

– gram-positive cocci

* – ''

Deinococcus ''Deinococcus'' (from the el, δεινός, ''deinos'', "dreadful, strange" and κόκκος, ''kókkos'', "granule") is in the monotypic family Deinococcaceae, and one genus of three in the order Deinococcales of the bacterial phylum ''Deinococ ...

'' * – micrococcaceae * – ''Micrococcus'' * – ''Micrococcus luteus'' * – peptococcaceae * – ''

Peptococcus ''Peptococcus'' is a Gram-positive bacterium genus in the family Peptococcaceae. Species in the genus are part of the human microbiome, especially in the bacteria that form the gut flora. They are part of the flora of the mouth, upper respirator ...

'' * – '' Peptostreptococcus'' * – ''

Ruminococcus ''Ruminococcus'' is a genus of bacteria in the class Clostridia. They are anaerobic, Gram-positive gut microbes. One or more species in this genus are found in significant numbers in the human gut microbiota. The type species is ''R. flavefacien ...

'' * – ''

Sarcina The ''sarcina'' was the marching pack carried by Roman legionaries The Roman legion ( la, legiō, ) was the largest military unit of the Roman army, composed of 5,200 infantry and 300 equites (cavalry) in the period of the Roman Republ ...

'' * –

staphylococcaceae The Staphylococcaceae are a family of Gram-positive bacteria that includes the genus ''Staphylococcus'', noted for encompassing several medically significant pathogens. The five genera ''Jeotgalicoccus'', '' Macrococcus'', ''Nosocomiicoccus'', ' ...

* – ''

Staphylococcus ''Staphylococcus'' is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the family Staphylococcaceae from the order Bacillales. Under the microscope, they appear spherical (cocci), and form in grape-like clusters. ''Staphylococcus'' species are facultative ...

'' * – ''

Staphylococcus aureus ''Staphylococcus aureus'' is a Gram-positive spherically shaped bacterium, a member of the Bacillota, and is a usual member of the microbiota of the body, frequently found in the upper respiratory tract and on the skin. It is often positive ...

'' * – ''

Staphylococcus epidermidis ''Staphylococcus epidermidis'' is a Gram-positive bacterium, and one of over 40 species belonging to the genus '' Staphylococcus''. It is part of the normal human microbiota, typically the skin microbiota, and less commonly the mucosal microbio ...

'' * – ''

Staphylococcus haemolyticus ''Staphylococcus'' is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the family Staphylococcaceae from the order Bacillales. Under the microscope, they appear spherical (cocci), and form in grape-like clusters. ''Staphylococcus'' species are facultative ...

'' * – '' Staphylococcus hominis'' * – streptococcaceae * – '' Enterococcus'' * – '' Enterococcus faecalis'' * – ''

Enterococcus faecium ''Enterococcus faecium'' is a Gram-positive, gamma-hemolytic or non- hemolytic bacterium in the genus ''Enterococcus''. It can be commensal (innocuous, coexisting organism) in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals, but it may also be ...

'' * – ''

Lactococcus ''Lactococcus'' is a genus of lactic acid bacteria that were formerly included in the genus ''Streptococcus'' Group N1. They are known as homofermenters meaning that they produce a single product, lactic acid in this case, as the major or only pr ...

'' * – '' Lactococcus lactis'' * – '' Leuconostoc'' * – '' Pediococcus'' * – '' Streptococcus'' * – ''

Streptococcus agalactiae ''Streptococcus agalactiae'' (also known as group B streptococcus or GBS) is a gram-positive coccus (round bacterium) with a tendency to form chains (as reflected by the genus name ''Streptococcus''). It is a beta-hemolytic, catalase-negative, a ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus bovis ''Streptococcus bovis'' (''S. bovis'') is a species of Gram-positive bacteria that in humans is associated with urinary tract infections, endocarditis, sepsis, Ryan K.J. and C.G. Ray CG (editors). 2004. ''Sherris Medical Microbiology'' (4th ed.). ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus equi ''Streptococcus'' is a genus of gram-positive ' (plural ) or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria), in the phylum Bacillota. Cell division in streptococci occurs ...

'' * – '' Streptococcus pneumoniae'' * – '' Streptococcus pyogenes'' * – ''

Streptococcus suis ''Streptococcus suis'' is a peanut-shaped, Gram-positive bacterium, and an important pathogen of pigs. Endemic in nearly all countries with an extensive pig industry, ''S. suis'' is also a zoonotic disease, capable of transmission to humans from ...

'' * – '' Streptococcus thermophilus'' * – ''

Viridans streptococci The viridans streptococci are a large group of commensal streptococcal Gram-positive bacteria species that are α-hemolytic, producing a green coloration on blood agar plates (hence the name "viridans", from Latin "vĭrĭdis", green), although so ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus milleri group The ''Streptococcus anginosus'' group (SAG), also known as the anginosus group streptococci (AGS) or the milleri group streptococci (MGS), are a group of several species of streptococci with clinical similarities. The group is named after a princ ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus anginosus ''Streptococcus anginosus'' is a species of ''Streptococcus ''Streptococcus'' is a genus of gram-positive ' (plural ) or spherical bacteria that belongs to the family Streptococcaceae, within the order Lactobacillales (lactic acid bacteria) ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus constellatus ''Streptococcus constellatus'' is a species of ''Streptococcus'' that is part of the normal flora in the oral cavity, urogenital region, and intestinal tract. However, it can frequently cause purulent infections in other parts of the body. DNA ho ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus intermedius ''Streptococcus intermedius'' is an aerotolerant anaerobic commensal bacterium and a member of the ''Streptococcus anginosus'' group. The ''S. anginosus'' group, occasionally termed “''Streptococcus milleri'' group” (SMG) display hemolytic a ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus mitis ''Streptococcus mitis'' is a mesophilic alpha-hemolytic species of ''Streptococcus'' that inhabits the oral cavity. It is coccus (spherical shaped), gram-positive, catalase negative, and facultative anaerobe. It was previously classified as ''Str ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus mutans ''Streptococcus mutans'' is a facultatively anaerobic, gram-positive coccus (round bacterium) commonly found in the human oral cavity and is a significant contributor to tooth decay. It is part of the " streptococci" (plural, non-italic lowercase ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus oralis ''Streptococcus oralis'' is a Gram positive bacterium that grows characteristically in chains. It forms small white colonies on a Wilkins-Chalgren agar plate. It is found in high numbers in the oral cavity. It has been classified as a member o ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus sanguis ''Streptococcus sanguinis'', formerly known as ''Streptococcus sanguis'', is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic coccus species of bacteria and a member of the Viridans Streptococcus group. ''S. sanguinis'' is a normal inhabitant of the healt ...

'' * – ''

Streptococcus sobrinus ''Streptococcus sobrinus'' is a Gram-positive, catalase-negative, non-motile, and Anaerobic organism, anaerobic member of the genus ''Streptococcus''. Pathology ''Streptococcus sobrinus'' in conjunction with the closely related species ''Strept ...

– gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria

* – gram-positive endospore-forming rods * – bacillaceae * – '' Bacillus'' * – ''Bacillus anthracis'' * – ''Bacillus cereus'' * – ''Bacillus megaterium'' * – ''Bacillus stearothermophilus'' * – ''Bacillus subtilis'' * – ''Bacillus thuringiensis'' * – ''Clostridium'' * – ''Clostridium acetobutylicum'' * – ''Clostridium beijerinckii'' * – ''Clostridium bifermentans'' * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type A * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type B * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type C * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type D * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type E * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type F * – ''Clostridium botulinum'' type G * – ''Clostridium butyricum'' * – ''Clostridium cellulolyticum'' * – ''Clostridium cellulovorans'' * – ''Clostridium chauvoei'' * – ''Clostridium difficile'' * – ''Clostridium histolyticum'' * – ''Clostridium kluyveri'' * – ''Clostridium perfringens'' * – ''Clostridium sordellii'' * – ''Clostridium sticklandii'' * – ''Clostridium symbiosum'' * – ''Clostridium tertium'' * – ''Clostridium tetani'' * – ''Clostridium tetanomorphum'' * – ''Clostridium thermocellum'' * – ''Clostridium tyrobutyricum'' * –

desulfotomaculum ''Desulfotomaculum'' is a genus of Gram-positive, obligately anaerobic soil bacteria. A type of sulfate-reducing bacteria, ''Desulfotomaculum'' can cause food spoilage in poorly processed canned foods. Their presence can be identified by the re ...

* – micromonosporaceae * – ''Micromonospora'' * – ''Saccharopolyspora'' * – streptomycetaceae * – ''Streptomyces'' * – ''Streptomyces antibioticus'' * – ''Streptomyces aureofaciens'' * – ''Streptomyces coelicolor'' * – ''Streptomyces griseus'' * – ''Streptomyces lividans''

– gram-positive rods

* – gram-positive asporogenous rods * – gram-positive asporogenous rods, irregular * – ''

Acetobacterium ''Acetobacterium'' is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-positive bacteria that belong to the Eubacteriaceae family. The type species of this genus is ''Acetobacterium woodii''. The name, ''Acetobacterium'', has originated because they are acetogens ...

'' * – ''Actinomycetota'' * – actinomycetaceae * – ''Actinomyces'' * – ''Actinomyces viscosus'' * – ''Mobiluncus'' * – ''Arthrobacter'' * – ''Bifidobacterium'' * – ''Brevibacterium'' * – ''Butyrivibrio'' * – ''Corynebacterium'' * – ''Corynebacterium diphtheriae'' * – ''Corynebacterium glutamicum'' * – ''Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis'' * – ''Corynebacterium pyogenes'' * – ''

Eubacterium ''Eubacterium'' is a genus of Gram-positive bacteria in the family Eubacteriaceae. These bacteria are characterised by a rigid cell wall. They may either be motile or nonmotile. If motile, they have a flagellum A flagellum (; ) is a hair ...

'' * – propionibacteriaceae * – ''Propionibacterium'' * – ''Propionibacterium acnes'' * – '' Thermoanaerobacter'' * – ''Thermoanaerobacterium'' * – gram-positive asporogenous rods, regular * – ''Erysipelothrix'' * – ''

lactobacillaceae The ''Lactobacillaceae'' are a family of lactic acid bacteria. It is the only family in the lactic acid bacteria which includes homofermentative and heterofermentative organisms; in the ''Lactobacillaceae,'' the pathway used for hexose fermentati ...

'' * – '' Lactobacillus'' * – ''

Lactobacillus acidophilus ''Lactobacillus acidophilus'' (New Latin 'acid-loving milk-bacillus') is a rod-shaped, Gram-positive, homofermentative, anaerobic microbe first isolated from infant feces in the year 1900. The species is most commonly found in humans, specifically ...

'' * – '' Lactobacillus brevis'' * – ''

Lactobacillus casei ''Lacticaseibacillus casei ''is an organism that belongs to the largest genus in the family ''Lactobacillaceae'', a lactic acid bacteria (LAB), that was previously classified as ''Lactobacillus casei-01''. This bacteria has been identified as facu ...

'' * – ''Lactobacillus delbrueckii'' * – ''

Lactobacillus fermentum ''Limosilactobacillus fermentum'' is a Gram-positive species in the heterofermentative genus ''Limosilactobacillus.'' It is associated with active dental caries lesions. It is also commonly found in fermenting animal and plant material including ...

'' * – '' Lactobacillus helveticus'' * – ''Lactobacillus leichmannii'' * – '' Lactobacillus plantarum'' * – ''

Lactobacillus reuteri ''Limosilactobacillus reuteri'' is a lactic acid bacterium found in a variety of natural environments, including the gastrointestinal tract of humans and other animals. It does not appear to be pathogenic and may have health effects. Discove ...

'' * – ''

Lactobacillus rhamnosus ''Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus'' (previously ''Lactobacillus rhamnosus'') is a bacterium that originally was considered to be a subspecies of ''L. casei'', but genetic research found it to be a separate species in the ''L. casei'' clade, which a ...

'' * – '' Listeria'' * – '' Listeria monocytogenes'' * – mycobacteriaceae * – ''Mycobacterium'' * – mycobacteria, atypical * – ''Mycobacterium avium'' complex * – ''Mycobacterium chelonae'' * – ''Mycobacterium fortuitum'' * – ''Mycobacterium kansasii'' * – ''Mycobacterium marinum'' * – ''Mycobacterium scrofulaceum'' * – ''Mycobacterium smegmatis'' * – ''Mycobacterium ulcerans'' * – ''Mycobacterium xenopi'' * – ''Mycobacterium avium'' * – ''Mycobacterium bovis'' * – ''Mycobacterium haemophilum'' * – ''Mycobacterium leprae'' * – ''Mycobacterium lepraemurium'' * – ''Mycobacterium paratuberculosis'' * – ''

'' * – ''

'' * – gram-positive endospore-forming rods * – bacillaceae * – '' Bacillus'' * – ''Bacillus anthracis'' * – ''Bacillus cereus'' * – ''Bacillus megaterium'' * – ''Bacillus stearothermophilus'' * – ''Bacillus subtilis'' * – ''Bacillus thuringiensis'' * – micromonosporaceae * – ''Micromonospora'' * – ''Saccharopolyspora'' * – streptomycetaceae * – ''Streptomyces'' * – ''Streptomyces antibioticus'' * – ''Streptomyces aureofaciens'' * – ''Streptomyces coelicolor'' * – ''Streptomyces griseus'' * – ''Streptomyces lividans''

–
Pseudomonadota Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria) is a major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria. The renaming of phyla in 2021 remains controversial among microbiologists, many of whom continue to use the earlier names of long standing in the literature. The ...

– Alphaproteobacteria

* – anaplasmataceae * – ''Anaplasma'' * – ''Anaplasma centrale'' * – ''Anaplasma marginale'' * – ''Anaplasma ovis'' * – ''Anaplasma phagocytophilum'' * – ''Ehrlichia'' * – ''Ehrlichia canis'' * – ''Ehrlichia chaffeensis'' * – ''Ehrlichia ruminantium'' * – ''Neorickettsia'' * – ''Neorickettsia risticii'' * – ''Neorickettsia sennetsu'' * – bartonellaceae * – ''Bartonella'' * – ''Bartonella bacilliformis'' * – ''Bartonella henselae'' * – ''Bartonella quintana'' * – Beijerinckiaceae * –

Nitrobacteraceae The Nitrobacteraceae are a family of gram-negative, aerobic bacteria. They include plant-associated bacteria such as ''Bradyrhizobium'', a genus of rhizobia associated with some legumes. It also contains animal-associated bacteria such as ''Afipi ...

* – ''

'' * – ''

'' * – '' Nitrobacter'' * – ''

Rhodopseudomonas ''Rhodopseudomonas'' is a genus of bacteria from the family Nitrobacteraceae. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenc ...

'' * –

Brucellaceae The Brucellaceae are a family of the Gram-negative Hyphomicrobiales. They are named after Sir David Bruce, a Scottish microbiologist. They are aerobic chemoorganotrophes.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (e ...

* – '' Brucella'' * – '' Brucella abortus'' * – ''

Brucella canis ''Brucella canis'' is a Gram-negative bacterium in the family Brucellaceae that causes brucellosis in dogs and other canids. It is a non-motile short-rod or coccus-shaped organism, and is oxidase, catalase, and urease positive. ''B. canis'' c ...

'' * – ''

Brucella melitensis ''Brucella melitensis'' is a Gram-negative coccobacillus bacterium from the Brucellaceae family. The bacterium causes ovine brucellosis, along with '' Brucella ovis''. It affects primarily sheep and goats, but cases have also been observed in c ...

'' * – ''

Brucella ovis ''Brucella ovis'' is a Gram-negative coccobacillus from the Brucellaceae family. Along with '' Brucella melitensis'', it is responsible for causing ovine brucellosis, which is a notifiable disease A notifiable disease is any disease that is ...

'' * – ''

Brucella suis ''Brucella suis'' is a bacterium that causes swine brucellosis, a zoonosis that affects pigs. The disease typically causes chronic inflammatory lesions in the reproductive organs of susceptible animals or orchitis, and may even affect joints and ...

'' * – ''Ochrobactrum'' * – ''Ochrobactrum anthropi'' * – ''

Caulobacteraceae Caulobacteraceae is a family of Pseudomonadota within the alpha subgroup.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The ...

'' * – ''Caulobacter'' * – ''Caulobacter crescentus'' * – ''

Holosporaceae The Holosporaceae are a family of bacteria. The member ''Holospora'' is an intracellular parasite found in the unicellular protozoa ''Paramecium '' ''Paramecium'' ( , ; also spelled ''Paramoecium'') is a genus of eukaryotic, unicellular cili ...

'' * –

hyphomicrobiaceae The Hyphomicrobiaceae are a family of bacteria. Among others, they include ''Rhodomicrobium'', a genus of purple bacteria. Phylogeny The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature Lis ...

* – ''

Azorhizobium ''Azorhizobium'' is a genus of Gram-negative soil bacteria. They fix nitrogen in symbiosis with plants in the genus ''Sesbania ''Sesbania'' is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family, Fabaceae, and the only genus found in tribe Sesban ...

'' * – ''

Azorhizobium caulinodans ''Azorhizobium caulinodans'' is a species of bacteria that forms a nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with plants of the genus ''Sesbania''. The symbiotic relationship between ''Sesbania rostrata'' and ''A. caulinodans'' lead to nitrogen fixing nodules in ...

'' * – ''Hyphomicrobium'' * – ''Rhodomicrobium'' * – ''Xanthobacter'' * – methylobacteriaceae * – ''Methylobacterium'' * – ''Methylobacterium extorquens'' * – ''Methylocystaceae'' * – ''Methylosinus'' * – ''Methylosinus trichosporium'' * – ''

Rhodospirillales The Rhodospirillales are an order of Pseudomonadota. Notable Families The ''Acetobacteraceae'' comprise the acetic acid bacteria, which are heterotrophic and produce acetic acid during their respiration.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Kr ...

'' * –

acetobacteraceae Acetobacteraceae is a family of Gram-negative bacteria, belonging to the order Rhodospirillales, class Alphaproteobacteria. Two distinct clades are recognized. The acetic acid bacteria and a more heterogeneous group including acidophilic and phot ...

* – '' Acetobacter'' * – ''

Acidiphilium ''Acidiphilium'' is a genus in the phylum Pseudomonadota (Bacteria). As the name suggests, this comprises a nutritionally diverse genus of bacteria adapted to life in extremely acidic conditions, and often exhibiting FeIII (ferric iron) reduct ...

'' * – ''

'' * – ''Gluconacetobacter xylinus'' * – ''Gluconobacter'' * – ''Gluconobacter oxydans'' * – ''Rhodospirillaceae'' * – ''Azospirillum'' * – ''Azospirillum brasilense'' * – ''Azospirillum lipoferum'' * – ''Magnetospirillum'' * – ''Rhodospirillum'' * – ''Rhodospirillum centenum'' * – ''Rhodospirillum rubrum'' * – rhizobiaceae * – ''Rhizobium'' * – ''Rhizobium etli'' * – ''Rhizobium leguminosarum'' * – ''Rhizobium phaseoli'' * – ''Rhizobium radiobacter'' * – ''Rhizobium tropici'' * – ''Sinorhizobium'' * – ''Sinorhizobium fredii'' * – ''Sinorhizobium meliloti'' * – ''

Rhodobacteraceae The Rhodobacteraceae are a family of Pseudomonadota in the order Rhodobacterales within the alpha subgroup.See the NCBIbr>webpage on Rhodobacteraceae Data extracted from the Like all Pseudomonadota, they are gram-negative. It contains chemo ...

'' * – ''Paracoccus'' * – ''Paracoccus denitrificans'' * – ''Paracoccus pantotrophus'' * – ''Rhodobacter'' * – ''Rhodobacter capsulatus'' * – ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides'' * – ''Rhodovulum'' * – ''Roseobacter'' * – rickettsiaceae * – rickettsieae * – ''Orientia tsutsugamushi'' * – ''Rickettsia'' * – ''Rickettsia akari'' * – ''Rickettsia conorii'' * – ''Rickettsia felis'' * – ''Rickettsia prowazekii'' * – ''Rickettsia rickettsii'' * – ''Rickettsia typhi'' * – ''Wolbachia'' * –

sphingomonadaceae Sphingomonadaceae are a gram-negative bacterial family of the Alphaproteobacteria. An important feature is the presence of sphingolipids (mainly 2′-hydroxymyristol dihydrosphingosine 1-glucuronic acid, "SGL-1") in the outer membrane of the cell ...

* – ''Sphingomonas'' * – ''Zymomonas''

– Betaproteobacteria

* –

alcaligenaceae The Alcaligenaceae are a family of bacteria, included in the order Burkholderiales. Members are found in water, soil, humans, and other animals.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). ''Bergey's Manual ...

* – ''

Achromobacter ''Achromobacter'' is a genus of bacteria, included in the family Alcaligenaceae in the order Burkholderiales. The cells are Gram-negative straight rods and are motile by using one to 20 peritrichous flagella. They are strictly aerobic and are fo ...

'' * – ''Achromobacter cycloclastes'' * – ''Achromobacter denitrificans'' * – '' Alcaligenes'' * – '' Alcaligenes faecalis'' * – '' Bordetella'' * – ''Bordetella avium'' * – ''

Bordetella bronchiseptica ''Bordetella bronchiseptica'' is a small, gram-negative, rod-shaped bacterium of the genus ''Bordetella''. It can cause infectious bronchitis in dogs and other animals, but rarely infects humans. Closely related to '' B. pertussis''—the obl ...

'' * – ''

Bordetella parapertussis ''Bordetella parapertussis'' is a small Gram-negative bacterium of the genus ''Bordetella'' that is adapted to colonise the mammalian respiratory tract. Pertussis caused by ''B. parapertussis'' manifests with similar symptoms to ''Bordetella per ...

'' * – ''

Bordetella pertussis ''Bordetella pertussis'' is a Gram-negative, aerobic, pathogenic, encapsulated coccobacillus of the genus ''Bordetella'', and the causative agent of pertussis or whooping cough. Like '' B. bronchiseptica'', ''B. pertussis'' is motile and expres ...

'' * – ''

Taylorella Taylorella is a genus comprising Gram-negative, short rod-shaped, chemoorganotrophic bacteria that include species that are the causative agents of contagious equine metritis. The name Taylorella serves as a dedication to C.E.D. Taylor, the scien ...

'' * – ''

Taylorella equigenitalis Introduction and overview ''Taylorella equigenitalis'' is a Gram-negative, non-motile, microaerophilic bacterium of the genus '' Taylorella'', and the causative agent of contagious equine metritis (CEM) in horses. Phylogeny of ''T. equigenital ...

'' * – burkholderiaceae * – '' Burkholderia'' * – ''Burkholderia cepacia'' complex * – ''

Burkholderia cepacia ''Burkholderia cepacia'' complex (BCC), or simply ''Burkholderia cepacia'', is a group of catalase-producing, lactose-nonfermenting, Gram-negative bacteria composed of at least 20 different species, including ''B. cepacia'', '' B. mul ...

'' * – ''

Burkholderia gladioli ''Burkholderia gladioli'' is a species of aerobic gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria that causes disease in both humans and plants. It can also live in symbiosis with plants and fungi and is found in soil, water, the rhizosphere, and in many anima ...

'' * – ''

Burkholderia mallei ''Burkholderia mallei'' is a Gram-negative, bipolar, aerobic bacterium, a human and animal pathogen of genus ''Burkholderia'' causing glanders; the Latin name of this disease (''malleus'') gave its name to the species causing it. It is closely re ...

'' * – ''

Burkholderia pseudomallei ''Burkholderia pseudomallei'' (also known as ''Pseudomonas pseudomallei'') is a Gram-negative, bipolar, aerobic, motile rod-shaped bacterium. It is a soil-dwelling bacterium endemic in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide, particularly in T ...

'' * –

comamonadaceae The Comamonadaceae are a family of the Betaproteobacteria.Willems A., J. De Ley, M. Gillis, and K. Kersters. ''Comamonadaceae, a New Family Encompassing the Acidovorans rRNA Complex, Including Variovorax paradoxus gen. nov.,comb. nov. for Alcali ...

* – ''

Comamonas ''Comamonas'' is a genus of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, ...

'' * – ''

Comamonas testosteroni ''Comamonas testosteroni'' is a Gram-negative soil bacterium. Strain I2''gfp'' has been used in bioaugmentation trials, in attempts to treat the industrial byproduct 3-chloroaniline. This species can also digest plastic Plastics are a wide ...

'' * – '' Delftia'' * – ''Delftia acidovorans'' * – ''Leptothrix'' * – ''Sphaerotilus'' * – gallionellaceae * – hydrogenophilaceae * – ''Thiobacillus'' * – methylophilaceae * – ''Methylobacillus'' * – ''Methylophilus'' * – ''Methylophilus methylotrophus'' * – neisseriaceae * – ''Chromobacterium'' * – ''Eikenella'' * – ''Eikenella corrodens'' * – ''Kingella'' * – ''Kingella kingae'' * – ''Neisseria'' * – ''Neisseria cinerea'' * – ''Neisseria elongata'' * – ''Neisseria gonorrhoeae'' * – ''Neisseria lactamica'' * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'' * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup A * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup B * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup C * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup W-135 * – ''Neisseria meningitidis'', serogroup Y * – ''Neisseria mucosa'' * – ''Neisseria sicca'' * – ''Vitreoscilla'' * – nitrosomonadaceae * – ''Nitrosomonas'' * – ''Nitrosomonas europaea'' * – oxalobacteraceae * – ''Herbaspirillum'' * – ''Oxalobacter formigenes'' * – ralstoniaceae * – ''Ralstonia'' * – ''Ralstonia pickettii'' * – ''Ralstonia solanacearum'' * – ''Wautersia'' * – ''Wautersia eutropha'' * –

rhodocyclaceae The ''Rhodocyclaceae'' are a family of gram-negative bacteria.Garrity, George M.; Brenner, Don J.; Krieg, Noel R.; Staley, James T. (eds.) (2005). Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume Two: The Proteobacteria, Part C: The Alpha-, Be ...

* – ''Azoarcus'' * – ''Thauera'' * – ''Zoogloea'' * – ''Spirillaceae'' * – ''Spirillum''

– Deltaproteobacteria

NOTE: The class Deltaproteobacteria has been dismantled and its members have been assigned to new phyla (indicated in parentheses). * – ''

Bdellovibrio ''Bdellovibrio'' is a genus of Gram-negative, obligate aerobic bacteria. One of the more notable characteristics of this genus is that members can prey upon other Gram-negative bacteria and feed on the biopolymers, e.g. proteins and nucleic acid ...

'' ( Bdellovibrionota) * – ''Bilophila'' (

Thermodesulfobacteriota The Thermodesulfobacteriota are a phylum of thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria. A pathogenic intracellular thermodesulfobacteriote has recently been identified. Phylogeny The phylogeny is based on phylogenomic analysis: See also * Lis ...

) * – ''Desulfovibrio'' (Thermodesulfobacteriota) * – ''Desulfovibrio africanus'' * – ''Desulfovibrio desulfuricans'' * – ''Desulfovibrio gigas'' * – ''Desulfovibrio vulgaris'' * – ''Desulfuromonas'' (Thermodesulfobacteriota) * – ''Geobacter'' (Thermodesulfobacteriota) * – ''Lawsonia'' bacteria (Thermodesulfobacteriota) * – myxococcales (

Myxococcota The Myxococcota are a phylum of bacteria known as the fruiting gliding bacteria. All species of this group are Gram-negative. They are predominantly aerobic genera that release myxospores in unfavorable environments. Phylogeny The currently acce ...

) * – ''Myxococcus'' * – '' Myxococcus xanthus'' * – '' Stigmatella'' * – '' Stigmatella aurantiaca''

– Campylobacterota

* – ''Arcobacter'' * – ''Campylobacter'' * – ''Campylobacter coli'' * – ''Campylobacter fetus'' * – ''Campylobacter hyointestinalis'' * – ''Campylobacter jejuni'' * – ''Campylobacter lari'' * – ''Campylobacter rectus'' * – ''Campylobacter sputorum'' * – ''Campylobacter upsaliensis'' * – ''Gastrospirillum'' * – ''Helicobacter'' * – ''Helicobacter felis'' * – ''Helicobacter heilmannii'' * – ''Helicobacter hepaticus'' * – ''Helicobacter mustelae'' * – ''Helicobacter pylori'' * – ''Wolinella''

–
gammaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria). It contains about 250 genera, which makes it the most genera-rich taxon of the Prokaryotes. Several medically, ecologically, and scientifically imp ...

* – '' Acidithiobacillus'' * – ''Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans'' * – aeromonadaceae * – ''Aeromonas'' * – ''Aeromonas hydrophila'' * – ''Aeromonas salmonicida'' * –

alteromonadaceae The Alteromonadaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota.George M. Garrity: ''Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology''. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: ''The Proteobacteria, Part B: The Gammaproteobacteria'' They are now one of se ...

* – ''

Alteromonas ''Alteromonas'' is a genus of Pseudomonadota found in sea water, either in the open ocean or in the coast. It is Gram-negative. Its cells are curved rods with a single polar flagellum. Etymology The etymology of the genus is Latin ''alter'' -'' ...

'' * – ''Moritella'' * – ''Pseudoalteromonas'' * – ''Shewanella'' * – ''Shewanella putrefaciens'' * – '' Buchnera'' * – cardiobacteriaceae * – ''Cardiobacterium'' * – ''Dichelobacter nodosus'' * – chromatiaceae * – ''Chromatium'' * – '' Halothiobacillus'' * – ''Thiocapsa'' * – ''Thiocapsa roseopersicina'' * – coxiellaceae * – ''Coxiella'' * – ''Coxiella burnetii'' * – ectothiorhodospiraceae * – ''Ectothiorhodospira'' * – ''Ectothiorhodospira shaposhnikovii'' * – ''Halorhodospira halophila'' * – enterobacteriaceae * – ''Calymmatobacterium'' * – ''Citrobacter'' * – ''Citrobacter freundii'' * – ''Citrobacter koseri'' * – ''Citrobacter rodentium'' * – ''Edwardsiella'' * – ''Edwardsiella ictaluri'' * – ''Edwardsiella tarda'' * – ''Enterobacter'' * – ''Enterobacter aerogenes'' * – ''Enterobacter cloacae'' * – ''Enterobacter sakazakii'' * – ''Erwinia'' * – ''Erwinia amylovora'' * – ''Escherichia'' * – ''Escherichia coli'' * – ''Escherichia coli'' k12 * – ''Escherichia coli'' o157 * – ''Hafnia'' * – ''Hafnia alvei'' * – ''Klebsiella'' * – ''Klebsiella oxytoca'' * – ''Klebsiella pneumoniae'' * – ''Kluyvera'' * – ''Morganella'' * – ''Morganella morganii'' * – ''Pantoea'' * – ''Pectobacterium'' * – ''Pectobacterium carotovorum'' * – ''Pectobacterium chrysanthemi'' * – ''Photorhabdus'' * – ''Plesiomonas'' * – ''Proteus'' * – ''Proteus mirabilis'' * – ''Proteus penneri'' * – ''Proteus vulgaris'' * – ''Providencia'' * – ''Rahnella'' * – ''Salmonella'' * – ''Salmonella arizonae'' * – ''Salmonella enterica'' * – ''Salmonella enteritidis'' * – ''Salmonella paratyphi'' A * – ''Salmonella paratyphi'' B * – ''Salmonella paratyphi'' C * – ''Salmonella typhi'' * – ''Salmonella typhimurium'' * – ''Serratia'' * – ''Serratia liquefaciens'' * – ''Serratia marcescens'' * – ''Shigella'' * – ''Shigella boydii'' * – ''Shigella dysenteriae'' * – ''Shigella flexneri'' * – ''Shigella sonnei'' * – ''Wigglesworthia'' * – ''Xenorhabdus'' * – ''Yersinia'' * – ''Yersinia enterocolitica'' * – ''Yersinia pestis'' * – ''Yersinia pseudotuberculosis'' * – ''Yersinia rucker'' * – ''Francisella'' * – ''Francisella tularensis'' * – halomonadaceae * – ''Halomonas'' * – legionellaceae * – ''Legionella'' * – ''Legionella longbeachae'' * – ''Legionella pneumophila'' * –

* – ''Methylococcus'' * – ''Methylococcus capsulatus'' * – ''

Methylomonas ''Methylomonas'' is a genus of bacteria that obtain their carbon and energy from methane, a metabolic process called methanotroph Methanotrophs (sometimes called methanophiles) are prokaryotes that metabolize methane as their source of carbo ...

'' * – moraxellaceae * – ''Acinetobacter'' * – ''Acinetobacter baumannii'' * – ''Acinetobacter calcoaceticus'' * – ''Moraxella'' * – ''Moraxella'' (''Branhamella'') ''catarrhalis'' * – ''Moraxella'' (''Moraxella'') ''bovis'' * – ''Psychrobacter'' * – oceanospirillaceae * – pasteurellaceae * – ''Actinobacillus'' * – ''Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans'' * – ''Actinobacillus equuli'' * – ''Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae'' * – ''Actinobacillus seminis'' * – ''Actinobacillus suis'' * – ''Haemophilus'' * – '' Haemophilus ducreyi'' * – ''

'' * – ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type B * – ''Haemophilus paragallinarum'' * – ''Haemophilus parainfluenzae'' * – ''Haemophilus paraphrophilus'' * – ''Haemophilus parasuis'' * – ''Haemophilus somnus'' * – ''Mannheimia'' * – ''Mannheimia haemolytica'' * – ''Pasteurella'' * – ''Pasteurella multocida'' * – ''Pasteurella pneumotropica'' * – piscirickettsiaceae * – pseudomonadaceae * –

azotobacteraceae The Pseudomonadaceae are a family of bacteria which includes the genera ''Azomonas'', ''Azorhizophilus'', ''Azotobacter'', '' Mesophilobacter'', ''Pseudomonas'' (the type genus), and '' Rugamonas''. The family Azotobacteraceae was recently recl ...

* – '' Azotobacter'' * – ''

Azotobacter vinelandii ''Azotobacter vinelandii'' is Gram-negative diazotroph that can fix nitrogen while grown aerobically. These bacteria are easily cultured and grown. ''A. vinelandii'' is a free-living N2 fixer known to produce many phytohormones and vitamins in ...

'' * – '' Cellvibrio'' * – ''Pseudomonas'' * – ''Pseudomonas aeruginosa'' * – ''Pseudomonas alcaligenes'' * – ''Pseudomonas fluorescens'' * – ''Pseudomonas fragi'' * – ''Pseudomonas mendocina'' * – ''Pseudomonas oleovorans'' * – ''Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes'' * – ''Pseudomonas putida'' * – ''Pseudomonas stutzeri'' * – ''Pseudomonas syringae'' * – succinivibrionaceae * – ''Anaerobiospirillum'' * – thiotrichaceae * – vibrionaceae * – ''Photobacterium'' * – ''Vibrio'' * – ''Vibrio alginolyticus'' * – ''Vibrio cholerae'' * – ''Vibrio cholerae'' non-O1 * – ''Vibrio cholerae'' O1 * – ''Vibrio cholerae'' O139 * – ''Vibrio fischeri'' * – ''Vibrio mimicus'' * – ''Vibrio parahaemolyticus'' * – ''Vibrio salmonicida'' * – ''Vibrio vulnificus'' * – xanthomonadaceae * – ''Stenotrophomonas'' * – ''Stenotrophomonas maltophilia'' * – ''Xanthomonas'' * – ''Xanthomonas campestris'' * – ''Xanthomonas vesicatoria'' * – ''Xylella''

– spirochaetales

– leptospiraceae

* – ''Leptospira'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''australis'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''autumnalis'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''anicola'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''hebdomadis'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''icterohaemorrhagiae'' * – ''Leptospira interrogans'' serovar ''pomona''

– spirochaetaceae

* – ''Borrelia'' * – ''Borrelia burgdorferi'' group * – ''Borrelia burgdorferi'' * – ''Serpulina'' * – ''Serpulina hyodysenteriae'' * – ''Spirochaeta'' * – ''Treponema'' * – ''Treponema denticola'' * – ''Treponema pallidum''

– spores

– spores, bacterial

– sulfur-reducing bacteria

– ''Desulfitobacterium''

– ''Desulfotomaculum''

– ''Desulfovibrio''

* – ''Desulfovibrio africanus'' * – ''Desulfovibrio desulfuricans'' * – ''Desulfovibrio gigas'' * – ''Desulfovibrio vulgaris''

– ''Desulfuromonas''

---- The list continues at List of MeSH codes (B04). {{MeSH codes B03

– bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among ...

– atypical bacterial forms

– l forms

– spheroplasts A spheroplast (or sphaeroplast in British usage) is a microbial cell from which the cell wall has been almost completely removed, as by the action of penicillin or lysozyme. According to some definitions, the term is used to describe Gram-negative ...

– bacteria, aerobic

– bacteria, anaerobic

– Bacteroidetes

– bacteroidaceae

– flavobacteriaceae The family Flavobacteriaceae is composed of environmental bacteria. Most species are aerobic, while some are microaerobic to anaerobic; for example ''Capnocytophaga'' and '' Coenonia''. Genera The family ''Flavobacteriaceae'' comprises the foll ...

– flexibacteraceae

– ''Rhodothermus''

– ''Sphingobacterium''

– biofilms

– blood-borne pathogens

– Chlorobiota The green sulfur bacteria are a phylum of obligately anaerobic photoautotrophic bacteria that metabolize sulfur. Green sulfur bacteria are nonmotile (except ''Chloroherpeton thalassium'', which may glide) and capable of anoxygenic photosynthes ...

– ''Chlorobium ''Chlorobium'' is a genus of green sulfur bacteria. They are photolithotrophic oxidizers of sulfur and most notably utilise a noncyclic electron transport chain to reduce NAD+. Photosynthesis is achieved using a Type 1 Reaction Centre using ba ...''

– Chloroflexota The Chloroflexota are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes, including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures; anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photo ...

– '' Chloroflexus''

– "Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria (), also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy via photosynthesis. The name ''cyanobacteria'' refers to their color (), which similarly forms the basis of cyanobacteria's common name, blu ..."

– ''Anabaena ''Anabaena'' is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria that exist as plankton. They are known for nitrogen-fixing abilities, and they form symbiotic relationships with certain plants, such as the mosquito fern. They are one of four genera of cyanob ...''

– ''Aphanizomenon ''Aphanizomenon'' is a genus of cyanobacteria that inhabits freshwater lakes and can cause dense blooms. They are unicellular organisms that consolidate into linear (non-branching) chains called trichomes. Parallel trichomes can then further uni ...''

– ''Cyanothece''

– '' Cylindrospermopsis''

– '' Microcystis''

– ''Nodularia ''Nodularia'' is a genus of filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae. They occur mainly in brackish or salinic waters, such as the hypersaline Makgadikgadi Pans, the Peel-Harvey Estuary in Western Australia or the Baltic Sea ...''

– ''Nostoc ''Nostoc'', also known as star jelly, troll’s butter, spit of moon, fallen star, witch's butter (not to be confused with the fungi commonly known as witches' butter), and witch’s jelly, is the most common genus of cyanobacteria found in vari ...''

– ''Plectonema''

– '' Synechococcus''

– ''Synechocystis ''Synechocystis'' is a genus of unicellular, freshwater cyanobacteria in the family Merismopediaceae. It includes a strain, ''Synechocystis'' sp. PCC 6803, which is a well studied model organism. Like all cyanobacteria, ''Synechocystis'' b ...''

– endospore-forming bacteria

– gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria

– Fusobacteriota

– ''Fusobacterium ''Fusobacterium'' is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-sporeforming bacteria belonging to Gracilicutes. Individual cells are slender, rod-shaped bacilli with pointed ends. Strains of ''Fusobacterium'' cause several human diseases, includin ...''

– ''Leptotrichia''

– ''Propionigenium''

– ''Streptobacillus ''Streptobacillus'' is a genus of fastidious microaerophilic gram-negative bacteria, which grow in culture as rods in chains. Species associated with infection - ''S. moniliformis'' Reported susceptibilities and therapies - penicillin, erythr ...''

– gram-negative bacteria

– anaplasmataceae The Ehrlichiaceae are a family of bacteria, included in the order Rickettsiales The Rickettsiales, informally called rickettsias, are an order of small Alphaproteobacteria. They are obligate intracellular parasites, and some are notable patho ...

– ''Arcobacter ''Arcobacter'' is a genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biol ...''

– bartonellaceae ''Bartonella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, ''Bartonella'' species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportunis ...

– '' Buchnera''

– ''Campylobacter ''Campylobacter'' (meaning "curved bacteria") is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. ''Campylobacter'' typically appear comma- or s-shaped, and are motile. Some ''Campylobacter'' species can infect humans, sometimes causing campylobacteriosis, a d ...''

– chlamydiales The bacterial order Chlamydiales includes only obligately intracellular bacteria that have a chlamydia-like developmental cycle of replication and at least 80% 16S rRNA or 23S rRNA gene sequence identity with other members of Chlamydiales. Chlam ...

– ''Chloroflexus''

– ''Gastrospirillum''

– gram-negative aerobic bacteria

– gram-negative anaerobic bacteria

– gram-negative facultatively anaerobic rods

– gram-negative oxygenic photosynthetic bacteria

– '' Helicobacter''

– ''Lawsonia'' bacteria

– ''Methylosinus''

– mollicutes

– oceanospirillaceae

– ''Ornithobacterium''

– piscirickettsiaceae The Piscirickettsiaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota. All species are aerobes found in water.George M. Garrity: '' Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology''. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: ''The Proteobacteria, Part B: Th ...

– ''Rhodobacter في الفيسبوك In taxonomy, ''Rhodobacter'' is a genus of the Rhodobacteraceae. The most famous species of ''Rhodobacter'' are ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides'' and ''Rhodobacter capsulatus ''Rhodobacter capsulatus'' is a species of purple ba ...''

– ''Rhodomicrobium''

– '' Rhodovulum''

– rickettsiaceae The Rickettsiaceae are a family of bacteria. The genus ''Rickettsia'' is the most prominent genus within the family. The bacteria that eventually formed the mitochondrion (an organelle in eukaryotic cells) is believed to have originated from t ...

– ''Roseobacter In taxonomy, ''Roseobacter'' is a genus of the Rhodobacteraceae. The Roseobacter clade falls within the -3 subclass of the class Alphaproteobacteria. The first strain descriptions appeared in 1991 which described members ''Roseobacter'' ''litora ...''

– spirillaceae Spirillaceae is a family in the order '' Nitrosomonadales'' in the class ''Betaproteobacteria'' of the bacteria. Only one genus, ''Spirillum ''Spirillum'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family '' Spirillaceae'' of the '' Nitros ...

– gram-positive bacteria In bacteriology, gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test, which is traditionally used to quickly classify bacteria into two broad categories according to their type of cell wall. Gram-positive bact ...

– Actinomycetota

– gram-positive cocci

– gram-positive endospore-forming bacteria

– gram-positive rods

– Pseudomonadota Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria) is a major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria. The renaming of phyla in 2021 remains controversial among microbiologists, many of whom continue to use the earlier names of long standing in the literature. The ...

– Alphaproteobacteria

– Betaproteobacteria

– Deltaproteobacteria

– Campylobacterota

– gammaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria). It contains about 250 genera, which makes it the most genera-rich taxon of the Prokaryotes. Several medically, ecologically, and scientifically imp ...

– spirochaetales

– leptospiraceae

– spirochaetaceae

– spores

– spores, bacterial

– sulfur-reducing bacteria

– ''Desulfitobacterium''

–
bacteria Bacteria (; singular: bacterium) are ubiquitous, mostly free-living organisms often consisting of one biological cell. They constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms. Typically a few micrometres in length, bacteria were among ...

–
spheroplasts A spheroplast (or sphaeroplast in British usage) is a microbial cell from which the cell wall has been almost completely removed, as by the action of penicillin or lysozyme. According to some definitions, the term is used to describe Gram-negative ...

–
flavobacteriaceae The family Flavobacteriaceae is composed of environmental bacteria. Most species are aerobic, while some are microaerobic to anaerobic; for example ''Capnocytophaga'' and '' Coenonia''. Genera The family ''Flavobacteriaceae'' comprises the foll ...

–
Chlorobiota The green sulfur bacteria are a phylum of obligately anaerobic photoautotrophic bacteria that metabolize sulfur. Green sulfur bacteria are nonmotile (except ''Chloroherpeton thalassium'', which may glide) and capable of anoxygenic photosynthes ...

– ''
Chlorobium ''Chlorobium'' is a genus of green sulfur bacteria. They are photolithotrophic oxidizers of sulfur and most notably utilise a noncyclic electron transport chain to reduce NAD+. Photosynthesis is achieved using a Type 1 Reaction Centre using ba ...
''

–
Chloroflexota The Chloroflexota are a phylum of bacteria containing isolates with a diversity of phenotypes, including members that are aerobic thermophiles, which use oxygen and grow well in high temperatures; anoxygenic phototrophs, which use light for photo ...

– "
Cyanobacteria Cyanobacteria (), also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of gram-negative bacteria that obtain energy via photosynthesis. The name ''cyanobacteria'' refers to their color (), which similarly forms the basis of cyanobacteria's common name, blu ...
"

– ''
Anabaena ''Anabaena'' is a genus of filamentous cyanobacteria that exist as plankton. They are known for nitrogen-fixing abilities, and they form symbiotic relationships with certain plants, such as the mosquito fern. They are one of four genera of cyanob ...
''

– ''
Aphanizomenon ''Aphanizomenon'' is a genus of cyanobacteria that inhabits freshwater lakes and can cause dense blooms. They are unicellular organisms that consolidate into linear (non-branching) chains called trichomes. Parallel trichomes can then further uni ...
''

– ''
Nodularia ''Nodularia'' is a genus of filamentous nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria, or blue-green algae. They occur mainly in brackish or salinic waters, such as the hypersaline Makgadikgadi Pans, the Peel-Harvey Estuary in Western Australia or the Baltic Sea ...
''

– ''
Nostoc ''Nostoc'', also known as star jelly, troll’s butter, spit of moon, fallen star, witch's butter (not to be confused with the fungi commonly known as witches' butter), and witch’s jelly, is the most common genus of cyanobacteria found in vari ...
''

– ''
Synechocystis ''Synechocystis'' is a genus of unicellular, freshwater cyanobacteria in the family Merismopediaceae. It includes a strain, ''Synechocystis'' sp. PCC 6803, which is a well studied model organism. Like all cyanobacteria, ''Synechocystis'' b ...
''

– ''
Fusobacterium ''Fusobacterium'' is a genus of anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-sporeforming bacteria belonging to Gracilicutes. Individual cells are slender, rod-shaped bacilli with pointed ends. Strains of ''Fusobacterium'' cause several human diseases, includin ...
''

– ''
Streptobacillus ''Streptobacillus'' is a genus of fastidious microaerophilic gram-negative bacteria, which grow in culture as rods in chains. Species associated with infection - ''S. moniliformis'' Reported susceptibilities and therapies - penicillin, erythr ...
''

–
anaplasmataceae The Ehrlichiaceae are a family of bacteria, included in the order Rickettsiales The Rickettsiales, informally called rickettsias, are an order of small Alphaproteobacteria. They are obligate intracellular parasites, and some are notable patho ...

– ''
Arcobacter ''Arcobacter'' is a genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biol ...
''

–
bartonellaceae ''Bartonella'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, ''Bartonella'' species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportunis ...

– ''
Campylobacter ''Campylobacter'' (meaning "curved bacteria") is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. ''Campylobacter'' typically appear comma- or s-shaped, and are motile. Some ''Campylobacter'' species can infect humans, sometimes causing campylobacteriosis, a d ...
''

–
chlamydiales The bacterial order Chlamydiales includes only obligately intracellular bacteria that have a chlamydia-like developmental cycle of replication and at least 80% 16S rRNA or 23S rRNA gene sequence identity with other members of Chlamydiales. Chlam ...

–
piscirickettsiaceae The Piscirickettsiaceae are a family of Pseudomonadota. All species are aerobes found in water.George M. Garrity: '' Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology''. 2. Auflage. Springer, New York, 2005, Volume 2: ''The Proteobacteria, Part B: Th ...

– ''
Rhodobacter في الفيسبوك In taxonomy, ''Rhodobacter'' is a genus of the Rhodobacteraceae. The most famous species of ''Rhodobacter'' are ''Rhodobacter sphaeroides'' and ''Rhodobacter capsulatus ''Rhodobacter capsulatus'' is a species of purple ba ...
''

–
rickettsiaceae The Rickettsiaceae are a family of bacteria. The genus ''Rickettsia'' is the most prominent genus within the family. The bacteria that eventually formed the mitochondrion (an organelle in eukaryotic cells) is believed to have originated from t ...

– ''
Roseobacter In taxonomy, ''Roseobacter'' is a genus of the Rhodobacteraceae. The Roseobacter clade falls within the -3 subclass of the class Alphaproteobacteria. The first strain descriptions appeared in 1991 which described members ''Roseobacter'' ''litora ...
''

–
spirillaceae Spirillaceae is a family in the order '' Nitrosomonadales'' in the class ''Betaproteobacteria'' of the bacteria. Only one genus, ''Spirillum ''Spirillum'' is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria in the family '' Spirillaceae'' of the '' Nitros ...

–
gram-positive bacteria In bacteriology, gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test, which is traditionally used to quickly classify bacteria into two broad categories according to their type of cell wall. Gram-positive bact ...

–
Pseudomonadota Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria) is a major phylum of Gram-negative bacteria. The renaming of phyla in 2021 remains controversial among microbiologists, many of whom continue to use the earlier names of long standing in the literature. The ...

–
gammaproteobacteria Gammaproteobacteria is a class of bacteria in the phylum Pseudomonadota (synonym Proteobacteria). It contains about 250 genera, which makes it the most genera-rich taxon of the Prokaryotes. Several medically, ecologically, and scientifically imp ...