In Shi'a Islam the guidance of

clergy Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the ter ...

and keeping such a structure holds a great importance. The clergy structure depends on the branch of Shi'ism is being referred to.

Twelver

Usooli and

Akhbari The ʾAkhbāri's ( ar, أخباریون, fa, ‌اخباریان) are a minority of Twelver Shia Muslims who reject the use of reasoning in deriving verdicts, and believe in Quran and Hadith. The term ʾAkhbāri's (from ''khabāra'', news or r ...

Shia Shīʿa Islam or Shīʿīsm is the second-largest Islamic schools and branches, branch of Islam. It holds that the Prophets and messengers in Islam, Islamic prophet Muhammad in Islam, Muhammad designated Ali, ʿAlī ibn Abī Ṭālib as his S ...

Twelver Twelver Shīʿīsm ( ar, ٱثْنَا عَشَرِيَّة; '), also known as Imāmīyyah ( ar, إِمَامِيَّة), is the largest branch of Shīʿa Islam, comprising about 85 percent of all Shīʿa Muslims. The term ''Twelver'' refers t ...

Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...

believe that the study of

Islamic Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God (or '' Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the mai ...

literature Literature is any collection of written work, but it is also used more narrowly for writings specifically considered to be an art form, especially prose fiction, drama, and poetry. In recent centuries, the definition has expanded to include ...

is a continual process, and is necessary for identifying all of

God In monotheism, monotheistic thought, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator deity, creator, and principal object of Faith#Religious views, faith.Richard Swinburne, Swinburne, R.G. "God" in Ted Honderich, Honderich, Ted. (ed)''The Ox ...

's laws. Twelver Shia Muslims believe that the process of finding God's laws from the available Islamic literature will facilitate in dealing with any circumstance. They believe that they can interpret the

Qur'an The Quran (, ; Standard Arabic: , Quranic Arabic: , , 'the recitation'), also romanized Qur'an or Koran, is the central religious text of Islam, believed by Muslims to be a revelation from God. It is organized in 114 chapters (pl.: , sing. ...

and the Twelver Shi'a traditions with the same authority as their predecessors. This process of ijtihad has provided a means to deal with current issues from an Islamic perspective. Generally, clergy in Twelver Shi'a have exerted much more authority in their religious community than the Sunni ulema in theirs. Usooli Shia considering it obligatory to obey a mujtahid when seeking to determine Islamically correct behavior. They believe the 12th Imam, ordered them to follow the scholars ( Fuqaha) who: "...guard their soul, protect their religion, and follow the commandments of their master (Allah)..." The mujtahid they follow or emulate is known as a

Marja' Marji ( ar, مرجع, transliteration: ''marjiʿ''; plural: ''marājiʿ''), literally meaning "source to follow" or "religious reference", is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia authority, a Grand Ayatollah with the authority giv ...

Taqleed ''Taqlid'' (Arabic تَقْليد ''taqlīd'') is an Islamic term denoting the conformity of one person to the teaching of another. The person who performs ''taqlid'' is termed ''muqallid''. The definite meaning of the term varies depending on co ...

i. As of 2014 there were over 60 recognized Marj in the Shia Muslim world.

Historical role in politics and society

Modern history

The Shia clerics in this period were closely tied with the

bazaar A bazaar () or souk (; also transliterated as souq) is a marketplace consisting of multiple small Market stall, stalls or shops, especially in the Middle East, the Balkans, North Africa and India. However, temporary open markets elsewhere, suc ...

s that were in turn strongly linked with the artisans and farmers that together formed traditional socioeconomic communities and centers of associational life with Islamic occasions and functions tying them to clerics who interpreted Islamic laws to settle commercial disputes and taxed the well-to-do to provide welfare for devout poorer followers. A succession of prayer-meetings and rituals were organized by both clergy and the laity. Bazaars also enjoyed ties with more modern sectors of Iranians society as many Iranian university students were from the merchant class. But since 1970s, the

Shah of Iran This is a list of monarchs of Persia (or monarchs of the Iranic peoples, in present-day Iran), which are known by the royal title Shah or Shahanshah. This list starts from the establishment of the Medes around 671 BCE until the deposition of th ...

aroused the defense and oppositions of the bazaar by attempts at bring under control their autonomous councils and marginalizing the clergy by taking over their educational and welfare activities. This combined with the growing public and clerical dissatisfaction with Shah's secular policies and his reliance on foreign powers particularly the United States, led to a nationwide revolution, that saw a high ranking cleric

Ayatollah Khomeini Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini, Imam Khomeini ( , ; ; 17 May 1900 – 3 June 1989) was an Iranian political and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the founder of ...

and his clerical disciples as its top leadership, that deposed the Pahlavi Shah and founded the

Islamic Republic of Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkmeni ...

Ismaili

The Imamate in

Nizārī Ismā'īlī The Nizaris ( ar, النزاريون, al-Nizāriyyūn, fa, نزاریان, Nezāriyān) are the largest segment of the Isma'ilism, Ismaili Muslims, who are the second-largest branch of Shia Islam after the Twelvers. Nizari teachings emphasize ...

doctrine (Arabic: إمامة) is a concept in

Nizari The Nizaris ( ar, النزاريون, al-Nizāriyyūn, fa, نزاریان, Nezāriyān) are the largest segment of the Ismaili Muslims, who are the second-largest branch of Shia Islam after the Twelvers. Nizari teachings emphasize independent ...

Isma'ilism Isma'ilism ( ar, الإسماعيلية, al-ʾIsmāʿīlīyah) is a branch or sub-sect of Shia Islam. The Isma'ili () get their name from their acceptance of Imam Isma'il ibn Jafar as the appointed spiritual successor (imām) to Ja'far al-Sa ...

which defines the political, religious and spiritual dimensions of authority concerning Islamic leadership over the nation of believers. The primary function of the Imamate is to establish an institution between an

Imam Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, ser ...

who is present and living in the world and his following whereby each is granted rights and responsibilities. See also

Imamate in Nizari doctrine The Imamate in Nizari Isma'ili doctrine ( ar, إمامة) is a concept in Nizari Isma'ilism which defines the political, religious and spiritual dimensions of authority concerning Islamic leadership over the nation of believers. The primary fun ...

for further information. The term Dāʻī al-Mutlaq ( ar, الداعي المطلق) literally means "the absolute or unrestricted

missionary A missionary is a member of a Religious denomination, religious group which is sent into an area in order to promote its faith or provide services to people, such as education, literacy, social justice, health care, and economic development.Tho ...

". In

Ismā'īlī Isma'ilism ( ar, الإسماعيلية, al-ʾIsmāʿīlīyah) is a branch or sub-sect of Shia Islam. The Isma'ili () get their name from their acceptance of Imam Isma'il ibn Jafar as the appointed spiritual successor ( imām) to Ja'far al ...

Islām Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic The Abrahamic religions are a group of religions centered around worship of the God of Abraham. Abraham, a Hebrew patriarch, is extensively mentioned throughout Abrahamic relig ...

, the term ''dāʻī'' has been used to refer to important religious leaders other than the hereditary

Imām Imam (; ar, إمام '; plural: ') is an Islamic leadership position. For Sunni Muslims, Imam is most commonly used as the title of a worship leader of a mosque. In this context, imams may lead Islamic worship services, lead prayers, serve ...

s and the Daʻwa or "Mission" is a clerical-style organization. "The Daʻwa" was a term for the Ismā'īlī faith itself from early on. The Dāʻīs are also called Syednas. See Musta'li and

Taiyabi Tayyibi Isma'ilism is the only surviving sect of the Musta'li branch of Isma'ilism, the other being the extinct Hafizi branch. Followers of Tayyibi Isma'ilism are found in various Bohra communities: Dawoodi, Sulaymani, and Alavi. The Tayyibi ...

for further information.

List of Dai of Dawoodi Bohra Short history The Dua't al-Mutlaqin Al-Malika al-Sayyida (Hurratul-Malika) was instructed and prepared by Imām Mustansir and following Imāms for the second period of ''satr''. It was going to be on her hands that Imām Taiyab abi al-Qasi ...

Contemporary scholars

Afghanistan

Ali Mohaqiq Nasab Ali Mohaqiq Nasab (Persian language, Persian: آیت الله علی محقق نسب) is a liberal Afghans, Afghan Shi'ite cleric and a former editor-in-chief of Huqūqi Zan (Women's Rights). Arrest and detention On October 1, 2005, he was arrest ...

Asif Mohseni Muhammad Asif Mohseni ( fa, آیت‌الله العظمی محمد آصف محسنی; 26 April 1935 – 5 August 2019) was an Afghan Twelver Shi'a Marja', widely considered to be the most powerful in Afghanistan.Mackey, Robert. "Afghan Husband ...

* Muhammad al-Fayadh *

Mohaqiq Kabuli , location = Kabul, Afghanistan , Title = Grand Ayatollah , Period = , Predecessor = , Successor = , ordination = , post = Grand Ayatollah , birth_date = , birth_place = Turkman ...

Azerbaijan

Allahshukur Pashazadeh Haji Allahshükür Hummat Pashazade ( az, Allahşükür Hümmət Paşazadə) is the Sheikh ul-Islam and Grand Mufti of the Caucasus which includes the Republic of Azerbaijan, the Republic of Georgia, and Dagestan, Kabardino-Balkaria, Ingushetia ...

Bahrain

Abdul Amir al-Jamri Sheikh Abdul Amir al-Jamri ( ; ar, شيخ عبدالأمير الجمري; 1 March 1938 – 18December 2006) was one of the most prominent Shia clerics and opposition leaders in Bahrain. He was also a writer and a poet. Born in the village of ...

Ali Salman Ali Salman Ahmed Salman ( ar, علي سلمان أحمد سلمان) is a Bahraini Twelver Shi'a cleric and the Secretary-General of the Al-Wefaq political society. In January 1995, the Bahraini government forcibly exiled him to Dubai for leadi ...

Isa Qassim Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Isa Ahmed Qassim (Arabic: آية الله الشيخ عيسى أحمد قاسم) is Bahrain's leading Shia cleric and a politician. He is the spiritual leader of Al Wefaq, Bahrain's biggest opposition society. He is the fou ...

India

* Ali Naqi Naqvi * Syed Ali Nasir Saeed Abaqati * Aga Syed Yusuf Al-Moosavi Al-Safavi * Syed Aqeel-ul-Gharavi *

Syed Hamidul Hasan Syed Hamidul Hasan is a Shia scholar from Lucknow, India. He is also the current principal of Jamia Nazmia. Education He completed his education from Jamia Nazmia up to Mumtaz-ul-Afazil and was taught by Syed Ahmad Ali (son of Mohammad Abb ...

Hasan Naqvi Majlis 1

Hasan Naqvi (حسن نقوى) was a Shia cleric from Lucknow, Indi ...

* Syed Kalbe Hussain * Kalbe Jawad * Mirza Mohammed Athar * Aga Syed Mohammad Fazlullah * Sheikh Mussa Shariefi * Aga Syed Mustafa Moosavi *

Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi Syed Ali Akhtar Rizvi (19 September 1948 – 10 February 2002), widely known as Adeeb-e-Asr and Allamah Shaoor, was an Indian Twelver Shī'ah scholar, public speaker, translator, and historian as well as an author and poet. He authored and ...

* Syed Saif Abbas Naqvi * Syed Zafrul Hasan Rizvi * Zeeshan Haider Jawadi

Iran

* Abbas Ali Akhtari * Abbas-Ali Amid Zanjani * * Abbas-Ali Soleimani * Abbas Amirifar * Abbas Hosseini Kashani * Abbas Ka'bi *

Abbas Mahfouzi Grand Ayatollah Abbas Mahfouzi ( ar, آيت‌الله العظمى عباس محفوظى; born 1928) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja. He has studied in seminars of Qom, Iran under Ruhollah Khomeini, Grand Ayatollah Houssein Borujerdi and Mi ...

* * Abbas Almohri * Mohammad Montazeri * * Seyed Abbas Mousavi Motlagh * Abbas Tabrizian *

Abbas Vaez-Tabasi Abbas Vaez Tabasi ( fa, عباس واعظ طبسی; 25 June 1935 – 4 March 2016) was an influential Iranian cleric who held memberships at different institutions. He was Grand Imam and Chairman of the Astan Quds Razavi board from 1979 until his ...

* Abdul Fattah Nawab * * Abdol Hossein Dastgheib * Abdul Hussein Mo'ezzi * Abdol Javad Alamolhoda * * Abdul Karim Farhani *

Abdolkarim Hasheminejad Seyyed Abdolkarim Hasheminejad (1932 — 1981)( fa, سید عبدالکریم هاشمی‌نژاد) was an Iranian dissident cleric of the Pahlavi regime who was assassinated after the revolution of 1979. Early life Hasheminejad was born i ...

* Abdul Karim Haghshenas *

Abdul-Karim Mousavi Ardebili Sayyid Abdolkarim Mousavi Ardebili ( fa, سید عبدالکریم موسوی اردبیلی, 28 January 1926 – 23 November 2016) was an Iranian reformist politician and Twelver shi'a marja. Political career Ardebili was a supporter of Ayatoll ...

Seyyed Abdollah Fateminia Seyyed Abdollah Fateminia ( fa, سید عبدالله فاطمی‌نیا; 1946 – 16 May 2022) was an Iranian Shiite cleric, professor of Islamic ethics, orator, Islamic historian and bibliographer. He researched Arabic poetry, hadith, ethics ...

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Abd al-A'la al-Sabziwari Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abd al-A'la al-Musawi al-Sabziwari ( fa, ; ar, عبد الأعلى الموسوي السبزواري; December 21, 1910 – August 16, 1993) was an Iranian- Iraqi Shia marja'. He is regarded as one of the most influenti ...

Abdollah Javadi-Amoli Abdollah Javadi Amoli ( fa, عبدالله جوادی آملی; born ) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja. He is a conservative and principlist Iranian politician, philosopher and one of the prominent Islamic scholars of the Hawza. The offic ...

Abdullah Musawi Shirazi Grand Ayatollah Sayyed Abdullah Al-Musawi Al-Shirazi (February 25, 1892 – September 29, 1984) was a Grand Ayatollah of Twelver Shi'a Islam. Life Grand Ayatollah Haj Sayyed Abdullah al-Shirazi was born in Shiraz, Iran, Shiraz, Iran. At th ...

Abdollah Nouri Abdollah Noori ( fa, عبدالله نوری ) is an Iranian cleric and reformist politician. Despite his "long history of service to the Islamic Republic," he became the most senior Islamic politician to be sentenced to prison since the Iranian ...

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Abdul-Majid al-Khoei Sayyid Abd al-Majid al-Musawi al-Khoei ( ; ; 16 August 1962 – 10 April 2003) was a Shia cleric and the son of grand Ayatollah Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei. Life al-Khoei was born in Najaf. He lived and studied under his father in Najaf until 1991. ...

* * Abdul-Nabi Mousavi Fard * Abdul-Nabi Namazi * Ayatollah Abdul Rahman Heidari Ilami * * *

Abdolvahed Mousavi Lari , image =Moosavi_Lari_02.jpg , imagesize = , smallimage = , caption = Moosavi Lari in the 13th congress of Democracy Party. , office = Minister of Interior , term_start = 22 ...

* *

Seyed Abolfazl Mousavi Tabrizi Seyed Abolfazl Rihani, known as Ayatollah Seyed Abolfazl Mousavi Tabrizi ( 1935 – 14 April 2003). He was a member of the Assembly of Experts, was involved with the creation of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran being a member of ...

* * Abulhassan Navab * Abolghasem Khazali * *

Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Musawi al-Khoei ( ; ar, أبو القاسم الموسوي الخوئي; fa, ; November 19, 1899 – August 8, 1992) was an Iranian- Iraqi Shia marja'. Al-Khoei is considered one of the most influential t ...

Abolghasem Wafi Yazdi Ayatollah Abolghasem Wafi Yazdi ( fa, ابوالقاسم وافی یزدی), born in 1935, in Hoseynabad, Yazd, is a Shia cleric and member of the Assembly of Experts. He was also one of the representatives of the city of Yazd in the first and ...

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Ahmad Alamolhoda Sayyid Ahmad Alamolhoda (also Alam Olhoda or Alam al-Hoda; fa, احمد علم‌الهدی; born September 1, 1944) is an Iranian Shia Islamic cleric who has been described as "senior" and "ultra conservative" and "hardline." His rank has been g ...

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Ahmad Azari Qomi Grand Ayatollah Ahmad Azari-Qomi-Bigdeli was an Iranian cleric. Born in 1925 in Qom, after the 1979 Iranian Revolution he served on the Special Clerical Court, and Assembly of Experts, founded the conservative Resalat Newspaper. He was arrested ...

Ahmad Beheshti Sheikh Ahmad Beheshti , (born 1935) is an Iranian Ayatollah. He was the president of Qom University. He represented the people of Fars Province in the first and second terms in the Islamic Consultative Assembly, as well as the third, fourth, a ...

* * * Ahmad Hosseini Khorasani *

Ahmad Jannati Ahmad Jannati ( fa, احمد جنتی, born 23 February 1927) is an Iranian conservative politician. He was born in Ladan, Isfahan. Jannati is known for his anti-LGBT rhetoric and opposition to secularism. He is also a founding member of the Ha ...

* Ahmad Khatami *

Ahmad Khomeini Sayyid Ahmad Khomeini ( fa, سید احمد خمینی;‎ 14 March 1946 – 17 March 1995) was the younger son of Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and father of Hassan Khomeini. He was the "right-hand" of his father before, during and after the Ir ...

* Ahmad Khonsari *

Ahmad Marvi Ahmad Marvi (Persian: احمد مروی) (born: 1958, Mashhad) is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric, former general and former police officer who has recently been appointed as the custodian of Astan Quds Razavi (Persian: آستان قدس رضوی ...

Ahmad Mazani Ahmad Mazani ( fa, احمد مازنی) is an Iranian cleric and reformist politician and a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr electoral district. Career Mazani was a senior manager in Foundat ...

* Ahmad Moballeghi * Ahmad Mohseni Garakani * Ahmad Mojtahedi Tehrani * *

Ahmad Ghabel Ahmad Ghabel ( fa, احمد قابل) was an Iranian Hojjatoleslam Shia Muslim cleric, theologian, seminary lecturer, researcher, and author. He was a follower of the dissident cleric Ayatollah Hossein Ali Montazeri and was detained several times ...

* Mir Ahmad Reza Hajati * Seyyed Ahmad Reza Shahrokhi * *

Ahmad Salek Ahmad Salek ( fa, احمد سالک) is an Iranian Shia cleric and conservative politician who was the former Member of the Parliament A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral di ...

Ahmad Vaezi Ahmad Vaezi ( fa, احمد واعظی; born 1963) is an Iranian philosopher, scholar and clergyman. He is now the chief of Islamic propagation office of Qom. Early life and education Ahmad Vaezi was born in Rey, Iran, in 1963. He entered Qo ...

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Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani ( fa, اکبر هاشمی رفسنجانی, Akbar Hāshemī Rafsanjānī, born Akbar Hashemi Bahramani, 25 August 1934 – 8 January 2017) was an Iranian politician, writer, and one of the founding fathers of the Islami ...

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Ali Akbar al-Modarresi Ayatollah Sayyid Ali-Akbar al-Husayni al-Modarresi ( fa, ; ar, علي أكبر الحسيني المدرسي; b. 17 September 1957) is a Shia Iranian- Iraqi scholar and teacher. He is the brother of grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad-Taqi al-Modar ...

Ali Meshkini Ali Akbar Feiz Aleni ( fa, علی‌اکبر فیض آلنی; 2 December 1921 – 30 July 2007), better known as Ali Meshkini, was an Iranian cleric and politician. Life Meshkini was an Iranian Azerbaijani born in a village near Meshkin Shahr ...

* Ali-Akbar Hosseini * * Ali Akbar Masoudi Khomeini *

Ali Akbar Mohtashamipur Ali Akbar Mohtashamipur or Mohtashami ( fa, سید علی‌اکبر محتشمی‌پور‎; 30 August 1947 – 7 June 2021) was an Iranian Shia cleric who was active in the 1979 Iranian Revolution and later became interior minister of the I ...

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Ali Akbar Ghoreishi Ayatollah Seyed Ali Akbar Ghoreishi ( fa, علی‌اکبر قریشی, born 1928 in Bonab, East Azerbaijan) is an Iranian Shiite cleric, author and politician. He is a member of 1st, 2nd, 3rd 4th and 5th Assembly of Experts from electorate We ...

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Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri Ali Akbar Nateq-Nouri ( fa, علی‌اکبر ناطق‌نوری; sometimes spelt Nategh-Nouri, born 6 October 1944) is an Iranian politician, who served as the Chairman of the Parliament of Iran from 1992 to 2000. He was also the Minister of ...

Ali Akbar Rashad Ali Akbar Rashad (born 1955) is an Iranian philosopher and Islamic scholar who pioneered the Ibtina Theory, a theory for explaining the process and mechanism of "religious knowledge" formation. He is currently a professor at the Islamic Researc ...

* Ali al-Sabziwari * *

Seyed Ali Asghar Dastgheib Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Asghar Dastgheib ( fa, سید علی‌اصغر دستغیب) (born 1945) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja and member of the Iranian Assembly of Experts. He was among those who advised Ruhollah Khomeini in probate m ...

* * * Ali Asghar Rahimi Azad *

Ali Asghar Rahmani Khalili Ali Asghar Rahmani Khalili ( Persian علی اصغر رحمانی خلیلی) born 1944 in Behshahr was the representative of Behshahr, Neka and Galougah constituencies in the first, second and sixth term of the Islamic Parliament of Iran ...

* Ali Banaei *

Ali Fallahian Ali Fallahian ( fa, علی فلاحیان , born 23 October 1949) is an Iranian politician and cleric. He served as intelligence minister from 1989 to 1997 under the presidency of Ali Akbar Rafsanjani. Early life and education Fallahian was bo ...

* Ali Davani * * Ali Golzadeh Ghafouri *

Ali al-Sistani Ali al-Husayni al-Sistani ( ar, علي الحسيني السيستاني; fa, , Ali-ye Hoseyni-ye Sistāni; born 4 August 1930), commonly known as Ayatollah Sistani, is an Iranian–Iraqi Twelver Shia Ayatollah and marja'. He has been describe ...

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Ali Khamenei Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei ( fa, سید علی حسینی خامنه‌ای, ; born 19 April 1939) is a Twelver Shia ''marja and the second and current Supreme Leader of Iran, in office since 1989. He was previously the third president o ...

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Ali Mohammad Dastgheib Shirazi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Mohammad Dastgheib Shirazi (Persian: السيد علی‌محمد دستغیب شيرازي ) (born 14 March 1935) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja. Biography Ayatollah Dastegheib has studied in seminaries of Qum ...

* * * Ali Orumian * Ali Qazi Askar * Ali Qoddusi * *

Alireza Arafi Alireza Arafi ( fa, علی رضا اعرافی) (born 1956, in Meybod) is an Iranian Shia cleric and he is currently a member of the Guardian Council and also a member of the Assembly of Experts. He was former Chairman of Al-Mustafa Internation ...

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Alireza Panahian Ali Reza Panahian (also Ali-Reza Panahian; fa, علیرضا پناهیان; born 1965 Tehran) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Scholar and official. He is a Hojatoleslam (a "middle-ranked" Shia cleric) and head of Iranian Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei ...

* Alireza Qaeminia *

Alireza Salimi (politician) Alireza Salimi ( fa, علیرضا سلیمی) is an Iranian Shi'a cleric and conservative politician who currently serves as a member of the Iranian Parliament representing Mahalat and Delijan Delijan ( fa, دليجان, also Romanized as Del ...

Ali Safi Golpaygani Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Ali Safi Golpaygani (Persian: علی صافی گلپایگانی) (1913 – 3 January 2010) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja. He was born in Golpayegan, Iran. He has studied in seminaries of Najaf, Iraq under Grand ...

* Seyyed Ali Shafiei * Ali Shirazi * *

Ali Younesi Ali Younesi (born 26 August 1955) is an Iranian politician, who served in different positions. Education Younesi is a graduate of the Haqqani school in Qom. Career Following the Islamic Revolution, Younesi became the head of the Islamic Rev ...

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Asadollah Bayat-Zanjani Grand Ayatollah Asadollah Bayat-Zanjani ( fa, اسدالله بیات زنجانی) is an Iranian theologian, Islamic philosopher, writer and Grand marja of Islam. He published his objection to the velayat-e faqih (religious system in Iran) and ...

* Assad-Allah Imani * *

Mir Asadollah Madani Mir Asadollah Madani Dehkharghani (1914 – 11 September 1981) was an Iran, Iranian politician and Shia cleric. He was the second Imam Jumu'ah of Tabriz, the Imam Jumu'ah of Hamadan, the representative of the Supreme Leader of Iran, Supreme Lead ...

* Asgar Dirbaz *

Ataollah Ashrafi Esfahani Ayatollah Ata'ollah Ashrafi Esfahani ( fa, آیت‌الله عطاءالله اشرفی اصفهانی; 1902 – 15 October 1982) was an Iranian religious leader. He was born near Esfahan and educated in Esfahan and at the Qom Seminary. He becam ...

Azizollah Khoshvaght Azizollah Khoshvaqt ( fa, عزیزالله خوشوقت), also known as Ayatollah Khoshvaqt (1926 – 19 February 2013), was a contemporary philosopher, wikt:mystic, mystic, theologian and faqih. He was a student of Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai, Sey ...

* * * Fakhreddin Mousavi * * Mir Ghesmat Mosavi Asl * * * Gholam Ali Safai Bushehri * Mohammad Mohammadi Golpayegani *

Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i Gholam-Hossein Mohseni-Eje'i ( fa, غلامحسین محسنی اژه‌ای, Ğolām-Hoseyn Mohseni Eže'i, ; born 29 September 1956) is an Iranian conservative politician, Islamic jurist and prosecutor who currently serves as Chief Justice of I ...

* * * Gholamreza Hassani * Gholamreza Mesbahi Moghaddam *

Gholamreza Rezvani Ayatollah Gholamreza Rezvani (September 24, 1922 – April 19, 2013) was a member of the Council of Guardians in the Islamic Republic of Iran. He believed in literal interpretation of Quran, hadith, and sunnah and has argued that there is "no su ...

* * Habibollah Ashouri * * *

Habib Boromand Dashghapu Habib Boromand Dashghapu ( fa, ‌‌حبیب برومند داشقاپو; born 1961) is an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. Boromand was born in Germi, Ardabil province. He is a member of the 3rd and 9th Islamic Consultative Assembly f ...

Hadi al-Modarresi Ayatollah Sayyid Hadi al-Husayni al-Modarresi ( ar, هادي الحسيني المدرسي; fa, ; b. 1947), is an Iraqi-Iranian Shia scholar, leader and orator. He is viewed as a charismatic speaker, enamoring many Muslims, radiating a certain ...

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Hadi Khamenei Sayyid Hadi Khamenei ( fa, سید هادی خامنه‌ای; born 26 January 1948) is an Iranian reformist politician, mujtahid and linguist.(14 February 1999Reformist Kin of Iran Leader is Attacked by Militants''The New York Times'' He is a key ...

Hadi Khosroshahi Seyyed Hadi Khosroshahi ( fa, سید هادی خسروشاهی; – 27 February 2020) was an Iranian cleric and diplomat who served as Iran's first ambassador to the Vatican. Career When he was 15 years old, Khosroshahi joined the leader of mi ...

Hadi Ghabel Hadi Ghabel is an Iranian cleric and member of the central council of the reformist Islamic Iran Participation Front. He was imprisoned on April 7, 2008 to begin a 40-month jail term following prosecution and conviction by the Special Court for the ...

Hadi Rohani Sheikh Hadi Rohani (; 3 March 1924 – 13 October 1999) was an Iranian ayatollah. He represented the Supreme Leader of Iran for Mazandaran Province, as well as being the Imam of Friday Prayer, Friday Prayer Leader for Mazandaran. He also represe ...

Hamid Rasai Hamid Rasaee ( fa, حمید رسایی; born 23 July 1967) is an Iranian Shia cleric and principlist politician and former member of the Islamic Consultative Assembly. He publishes the '' Noh Dey Weekly'' (means: Ninth Dey Dey (Arabic: دا ...

* Hamid Shahriari *

Mirza Hashem Amoli Ayatollah Mirza Hashem Amoli Larijani ( fa, لاریجانی میرزا هاشم آملی; 26 February 189925 February 1993) was an Iranian Shia Marja' and scholar of jurisprudence. Biography Hashem Amoli Larijani was born on 26 February 189 ...

* Hashem Bathaie Golpayegani * *

Hashem Hashemzadeh Herisi Ayatollah Hashem Hashemzadeh Herisi ( fa, هاشم هاشم‌زاده هریسی, was born 1938 in Heris, East Azerbaijan) is an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He is a member of the 3rd and 4th and 5th Assembly of Experts from the East Az ...

Hashem Hosseini Bushehri Seyyed Hashem Hosseini Bushehri ( fa, سید هاشم حسینی بوشهری) is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric who was born in 1956 in Bandar-e Deyr, Bushehr province. Hosseini Bushehri is the representative of Bushehr province in the Assembl ...

* * * * Hasanali Morvarid * Hasan Ali Nejabat Shirazi * Hassan Ameli *

Hassan Emami Sayyid Hassan Emami ( fa, سید حسن امامی) was an Iranian Shia cleric and royalist politician. He worked as a judge in the Ministry of Justice and taught law at University of Tehran. He was regarded as a member of the Mohammad Reza Sha ...

Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli Hassan Hasanzadeh Amoli ( fa, حسن حسن‌زاده آملی, 12 February 1929 – 25 September 2021) was an Iranian Shi'ite theologian known for his mystical tendencies and Islamic philosophy. He was among clerics who overcomed the tradition ...

Hassan Eslami Ardakani Seyyed Hassan Eslami Ardakani (born December 23, 1960) is an Iranian philosopher and professor of ethics at the University of Religions and Denominations. He is known for his expertise on virtue ethics, environmental ethics and research ethics. ...

Hassan Khomeini Sayyid Hassan Khomeini ( fa, سيد حسن خمينی; born 23 July 1972) is an Iranian cleric. He has been called "the most prominent" grandchild of Ruhollah Khomeini, who had 15 grandchildren in total, and the one "who many think could have a p ...

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Hassan Namazi Hassan Namazi ( fa, حسن نمازی, born in Qum from Azeri parents) is an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He is a member of the 4th Assembly of Experts from the West Azerbaijan electorate. Namazi won his membership with 360,952 votes. ...

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Hassan Rouhani Hassan Rouhani ( fa, حسن روحانی, Standard Persian pronunciation: ; born Hassan Fereydoun ( fa, حسن فریدون, links=no); 12 November 1948) is an Iranian politician who served as the seventh president of Iran from 2013 to 2021. ...

* Hassan Sanei * * * * *

Hassan Tabatabaei Qomi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Hassan Tabatabaei Qomi ( ar, حسن الطباطبايي القمي; fa, ; 1912–2007) was a prominent Shia marja' who was born in Najaf. He was known as Seyyed Hassan Qomi. Seyyed Hassan was inhabitant in Mashhad, and wa ...

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Heydar Moslehi Heydar Moslehi (born 1957 in Isfahan) is an Iranian cleric and politician who served as the minister of intelligence from 2009 to 2013. Early life and education Moslehi was born in Shahreza in the Isfahan province, Iran, in 1957. He was a stud ...

Hussein-Ali Montazeri Grand Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri ( fa, حسینعلی منتظری‎ ; 24 September 1922 – 19 December 2009) was an Iranian Shia Islamic theologian, Islamic democracy advocate, writer and human rights activist. He was one of the lea ...

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Hossein Borujerdi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Hossein Ali Tababataei Borujerdi ( Luri/ fa, آیت الله العظمی سید حسین طباطبایی بروجردی; 23 March 1875 – 30 March 1961) was a leading Iranian Shia Marja' in Iran from approximately 1947 ...

Hossein Ansarian Hossein Ansarian ( fa, حسین انصاریان; born 9 November 1944) is an Iranian Shia cleric. Early life Hossein Ansarian was born on 9 November 1944 in Khvansar, Isfahan, Iran. His father, Muhammad Bagher, was from ''Haj Sheikh'' dynast ...

* * Hossein Ayatollahi * * * Hossein Kazemeyni Boroujerdi * Hossein Lankarani *

Hossein Mazaheri Grand Ayatollah Hossein Mazaheri Isfahani ( ar, حسين المظاهري الأصفهاني) (born November 16 1933) is a senior Iranian Twelver Shia Marja. He was also a member of the Third Assembly of Experts. Biography Grand Ayatollah Hossei ...

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Hossein Mousavi Tabrizi Sayyid Hossein Mousavi Tabrizi ( fa, سید حسین موسوی تبریزی, was born 1947 in Tabriz) is an Iranian Shiite mujtahid, writer, researcher, judge and politician. He is professor the high-level of Qom Hawza. The most important politi ...

* Hossein Noori Hamedani * * *

Hossein Taeb Hossein Taeb ( fa, حسین طائب) is an Iranian Shia cleric and senior Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps official who was head of the IRGC's Intelligence Organization. Biography According to a biography from the "pro-government" Iran Stude ...

Hossein Wahid Khorasani Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Hossein Wahid Khorasani ( fa, حسین وحید خراسانی; born Mohammad-Hossein Molla-Saleh (Persian: )‎; 1 January 1921) is an Iranian author and Shia marja'. He is the current head of the Qom Seminary. Khorasa ...

Ebrahim Amini Ayatollah Ebrahim Amini (30 June 1925 – 24 April 2020) was an Iranian conservative politician who was a member of the Assembly of Experts. He was also a member of the Expediency Discernment Council, and was previously identified as a possible ...

* Mir Ebrahim Seyyed Hatami *

Ebrahim Raisi Sayyid Ebrahim Raisolsadati ( fa, سید ابراهیم رئیس‌الساداتی; born 14 December 1960), commonly known as Ebrahim Raisi ( fa, ابراهیم رئیسی ), is an Iranian principlist politician, Muslim jurist, and the eight ...

* * Esmaeil Khatib *

Seyed Esmaeil Mousavi Zanjani Ayatollah Seyed Esmaeil Mousavi Zanjani ( fa, سیداسماعیل موسوی زنجانی, was born 1928 — died 2002) was an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He was a member of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd Assembly of Experts from the Zanjan Prov ...

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Jafar Sobhani Grand Ayatollah Jafar Sobhani ( fa, جعفر سبحانی) (born 9 April 1929 in Tabriz) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja', marja, influential theologian and writer. Sobhani was a former member of the Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom and founde ...

Jafar Shojouni Jafar Shojouni ( fa, جعفر شجونی) was an Iranian Shia cleric and conservative politician who served a member of the Parliament of Iran from 1980 to 1984, representing Karaj. He was a member of Islamic Coalition Party’s Central Council, as ...

* Jalaleddin Taheri * * * Javad Gharavi Aliari * *

Javad Khamenei Sayyid Javad Khamenei ( fa, سید جواد خامنه‌ای; 7 December 1895 – 5 July 1986) was an Iranian Shia. He was the father of Iran's current supreme leader, Ali Khamenei. Early life He was an ethnic Iranian Azeri from the city of ...

Jawad Tabrizi Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Mirza Jawad Kubar Tabrizi ( fa, ; 1926 – November 20, 2006) was an Iranian Shia marja'. Tabrizi was another prominent student of the late grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei, and one of the leading religious au ...

Javad Mojtahed Shabestari Javad Mojtahed Shabestari ( fa, جواد مجتهد شبستری) is an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He is a member of the 5th Assembly of Experts from the West Azerbaijan electorate. Mojtahed Shabestari won his membership with 247,240 v ...

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Karamatollah Malek-Hosseini Seyed Ayatollah Karamatollah Malek-Hosseini (1924 – 2 November 2012) ( fa, سید کرامت‌الله ملک‌حسینی) was an Iranian Ayatollah and member of the Second, Third and Fourth terms of the Assembly of Experts. Biography K ...

Khalil Boyukzadeh Ayatollah Khalil Boyukzadeh ( fa, خلیل بیوک‌زاده, called Moravvej Ardabili in fa, مروج اردبیلی, 18 September 1930 – 16 April 2001) was an Iranian Shiite Ayatollah and politician. He was a member of 1st, 2nd and 3rd Ass ...

Khalil Mobasher Kashani Grand Ayatollah Khalil Mobasher Kashani (Persian: خلیل مبشر کاشانی) (born 1951) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja. He studied in seminaries in Qum, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani and Jawad Tabrizi. See al ...

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Kazem Nourmofidi Seyed Kazem Noor Mofidi ( fa, سید کاظم نورمفیدی, born 1940) is a Supreme Leader's representative in Golestan Province, the leader of congregational Friday prayers of Gorgan, and a member of the Assembly of Experts in Iran. He is ...

Kazem Seddiqi Kazem Seddiqi ( fa, کاظم صدیقی, born 4 March 1951, sometimes with the honorific Ayatollah, and surname anglicised as Sedighi) is an Iranian Shia scholar and Mujtahid currently serving as Tehran's Friday Prayer Temporary Imam. A ri ...

* Seyed Kazem Seyed Bagheri *

Lotfollah Dezhkam Lotfollah Dezhkam (Persian: ) is the Representative of the Supreme Leader in Fars province, Imam of Friday Prayer of Shiraz and the Representative of Fars in Assembly of Experts The Assembly of Experts ( fa, مجلس خبرگان رهبر� ...

Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani Lotfollah Safi Golpaygani ( fa, لطف‌الله صافی گلپایگانی; 20 February 1919 – 1 February 2022) was an Iranian Grand Ayatollah. He was at one point the most senior Twelver Shia scholar (Marja') in Iran until his death. He re ...

Mahmoud Taleghani Sayyid Mahmoud Alaee Taleghani ( fa, محمود طالقانی, , also Romanized as Seyed Mahmūd Tāleqānī; 5 March 1911 – 9 September 1979) was an Iranian theologian, Muslim reformer, democracy advocate and a senior Shi'a Islamic Scholar ...

Mahmoud Alavi Al-Zobb Mahmoud Alavi ( fa, محمود علوی; born 4 May 1954) is an Iranian conservative politician, and formerly minister of intelligence in Hassan Rouhani's government. Early life Alavi was born in Lamerd, Fars province, in 1954. He ho ...

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Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi Sayyid Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi ( fa, سید محمود هاشمی شاهرودی, 15 August 1948 – 24 December 2018) was an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric and conservative politician who was the Chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council fr ...

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Mahmoud Mar'ashi Najafi Mahmoud Mar'ashi Najafi or Seyyed Mahmoud Mar'ashi Najafi (born 1941) is an Iranian librarian, Bibliographer and manuscript expert. He is the director of Mar'ashi Najafi Library, which he says is one of the largest libraries in Iran and the wor ...

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Mahmoud Nabavian Sayyid Mahmoud Nabavian ( fa, سید محمود نبویان) is an Iranian Shia cleric and conservative politician who formerly was a member of the Parliament of Iran representing Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr. See also * Morteza Agh ...

* * Mahmoud Salavati * Mahdi al-Modarresi * *

Mahdi Hosseini Rohani Seyed Mahdi Hosseini Rohani (15 July 1925 - 23 November 2000) was an Iranian Ayatollah born in Qom. He served in the First, Second, and Third terms of the Assembly of Experts. Family Background Mahdi Rohani was born into a very religiou ...

Mehdi Karroubi Mehdi Karroubi ( fa, مهدی کروبی, Mehdi Karrubi, born 26 September 1937) is an Iranian Shia cleric and Iranian reform movement, reformist politician leading the National Trust Party (Iran), National Trust Party. Following 2009–2010 Iran ...

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Seyed Mehdi Ghoreishi Hujjat al-Islam Seyed Mehdi Ghoreishi ( fa, سید مهدی قریشی, is an Iranian Shiite cleric, Representative of the Supreme Leader of Iran, Supreme Leader in West Azerbaijan and Imam Jumu'ah prayer of Urmia. He is son of the Ali Akbar Ghore ...

* Mehdi Shabzendedar Jahromi * Mehdi Tabatabaei * * *

Majid Ansari Majid Ansari ( fa, مجید انصاری; born in 1954 in Khanuk, Kerman Province) is an Iranian politician and cleric. He is currently member of the Expediency Discernment Council. He was formerly Vice President for Legal Affairs from July 12, ...

* * * Mansour Leghaei *

Masoud Khamenei Seyyed Masoud Hosseini Khamenei (Persian: سید مسعود حسینی خامنه‌ای), also known as "Seyyed Mohsen Khamenei" (Persian: سید محسن خامنه‌ای), is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric who is the third son of Iran’s su ...

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Mohammad-Ali Abtahi Mohammad-Ali Abtahi ( fa, محمدعلی ابطحی; born January 27, 1958) is an Iranian theologian, scholar, pro-democracy activist and chairman of the Institute for Interreligious Dialogue. He is a former Vice President of Iran and a close as ...

Mohammad Ali Ale-Hashem Seyyed Mohammad Ali Ale-Hashem (Persian: سید محمدعلی آل‌هاشم), also known as "Ayatollah Ale-Hashem" (born: 1962, in Tabriz), is the representative of Vali-e-Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist) in the province of East Aze ...

* Mohammad-Ali Angaji *

Mohammad Ali Araki , location = , Title = Grand Ayatollah , Period = , Predecessor = , Successor = , ordination = , post = , birth_date = , birth_place = Arak, Iran , death_date = , death_place = Qom, Iran ...

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Mohammad Ali Gerami Qomi Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Ali Gerami Qomi (Persian: محمدعلى گرامى قمي; born 1938) is an Iranian peoples, Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja', Marja. He has studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri, Al ...

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Mohammad Alavi Gorgani Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammad Ali Hosseini Alavi Gorgani ( fa, سيد محمد على حسينى علوى گرگانى; March 1940 – 15 March 2022) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a marja. He was born in a religious family in Najaf, Iraq. He r ...

* Mohammad Ali Esmaeelpoor Ghomsheie * * * *

Mohammad Ali Mousavi Jazayeri Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammad-Ali Mousavi Jazayeri ( fa, محمدعلی موسوی جزایری) (born 1941) is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric, who has been appointed as the representative of Vali-Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist) in Khuzest ...

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Ali Movahedi-Kermani Ayatollah Mohammad Ali Movahedi-Kermani ( fa, محمدعلی موحدی کرمانی) is Tehran's Friday Prayer Ephemeral Imam and the former secretary-general of Combatant Clergy Association. He is also a member of the Assembly of Experts. He i ...

Mohammad Ali Qazi Tabatabaei Seyid Mohammad Ali Qazi Tabatabaei ( fa, سید محمدعلی قاضی طباطبایی; 1914 – 1979) was an Iranian politician, Shiite cleric, first imam Jumu'ah for Tabriz and Representative of the Supreme Leader of Iran, Supreme Leader ...

* Mohammad-Ali Rahmani * * *

Mohammad-Ali Shahidi Hojjatoleslam Sayyid Mohammad Ali Shahidi Mahallati ( fa, سید محمد علی شهیدی محلاتی) was an Iranian cleric and politician who served as Director of Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs from 2013 to 2020. In 2009, form ...

* * Mohammad Ali Shomali *

Mohammad-Ali Taskhiri Mohammad-Ali Taskhiri (19 October 1944 – 18 August 2020) was an Iranian cleric and diplomat. During the 1980s, Taskhiri served as the Iranian representative to the Organisation of the Islamic Conference and was involved in promoting Iranian int ...

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Mohammad-Bagher Bagheri Mohammad-Bagher Bagheri Kani ( fa, محمدباقر باقری کنی) born in 1926, is an Iranian Shia Mujtahid. He was one of 82-86 Mujtahids to be elected in the First, Second, and Fourth terms in the Assembly of Experts. Life and Educati ...

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Mohammad Bagher Kharazi Mohammad Bagher Kharazi (born 26 June 1961) is an Iranian cleric and a candidate for Iranian presidential election, 2013, the presidential elections held in June 2013. His nomination was rejected by Guardian Council. Early life and education Kh ...

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Mohammed Emami-Kashani Mohammad Emami-Kashani ( fa, محمد امامی کاشانی) is a member of the Assembly of Experts of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He has been the Interim Friday Prayer Leader of Tehran. He is also the head of Shahid Motahari University ...

* * Mohammad Fazel Lankarani *

Mohammad Feyz Sarabi Ayatollah Mohammad Feyz Sarabi ( fa, محمد فیض سرابی; 23 August 1928 – 11 April 2022) was an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He was a member of the 4th and 5thAssembly of Experts from the East Azerbaijan electorate. Feyzi won ...

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Mohammad Hadi Ghazanfari Khansari Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammad Hadi Ghazanfari Khansari (Persian: السيد محمد هادي غضنفري خوانساري) (born 1957) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja'. He has studied in seminaries of Qom, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Mohammad ...

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Mohammad-Hassan Aboutorabi Fard Hojatoleslam Seyyed Mohammad-Hassan Aboutorabi Fard ( fa, محمدحسن ابوترابی‌فرد; born January 30, 1953) is an Iranian conservative politician and the former first deputy speaker of the Parliament of Iran. He was representative ...

Mohammad Hassan Ahmadi Faqih Ayatollah Mirza Mohammad Hassan Ahmadi Faghih (Persian: ميرزا محمد حسن احمدى فقيه) (born 1951 - died August 28, 2010 ) was an Iranian peoples, Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja', Marja. He studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under ...

* * * Mohammad Hassan Ghadrdan Gharamaleki *

Mohammad Hassan Rahimian Mohammad Hassan Rahimian ( fa, محمد حسن رحیمیان) (born: in 1948, Isfahan) is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric, who has been appointed as the trusteeship of Jamkaran Mosque since 2013 till now --by the decree of supreme leader of Iran, ...

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Mohammad Beheshti Mohammad Hosseini Beheshti ( fa, سیّد محمد حسینی بهشتی; 24 October 1928 – 28 June 1981) was an Iranian jurist, philosopher, cleric and politician who was known as the second person in the political hierarchy of Iran after t ...

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Mohammad Hussaini Shahroudi , image = 148117 AyatullahShahroudi S3(3).jpg , caption = Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Shahroudi , image_size= 200px , birth_date = December 1925 , birth_place = Najaf, Iraq , death_date = 7 July 2019 (aged 94) , death_place = ...

* * Seyyed Mohammad Hosseini Zanjani *

Muhammad Husayn Tabatabai Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i or Sayyid Mohammad Hossein Tabataba'i (16 March 1903 – 15 November 1981) was an Iranian scholar, theorist, philosopher and one of the most prominent thinkers of modern Shia Islam. He is perhaps best known for his '' ...

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Mohammad Ebrahim Jannaati Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Ebrahim Jannaati ( fa, محمد ابراهيم جناتی , born 1933 in Shahrood, Iran) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja. He has studied in seminaries of Qom and Najaf under Grand Ayatollahs Borujerdi and Khomeini ...

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Mohammad Ezodin Hosseini Zanjani Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammad Ezodin Hosseini Zanjani ( fa, سید محمد عزالدین حسيني زنجانی) (1 November 1921 – 14 May 2013) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja'. He studied in seminaries of Qom, Iran under Grand Ayato ...

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Mohammad Jafar Montazeri Mohammad Jafar Montazeri ( fa, محمدجعفر منتظری; born 1949 in Qom) is an Iranian cleric and judge and the current attorney-general of Iran since 1 April 2016. He was previously head of Iran's Administrative Justice Court and Specia ...

* Muhammad Jafar Moravej *

Muhammad Javad Haj Ali Akbari Mohammad Javad Haj Ali Akbari ( fa, محمدجواد حاج‌علی‌اکبری) is an Iranian conservative politician and a Twelver cleric. He serves as temporary Imam of Friday Prayer in Tehran. Early life Akbari obtained his bachelor's de ...

Mohammad-Javad Bahonar Mohammad-Javad Bahonar ( fa, محمدجواد باهنر, 5 September 1933 – 30 August 1981) was a Shia Iranian theologian and politician who served as the Prime Minister of Iran for less than one month in August 1981. Bahonar and other member ...

* Mohammad Javad Pishvai * *

Mohammed Kadhim al-Modarresi Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad-Kadhim al-Husayni al-Modarresi (; ; 1911–April 5, 1994) was an Iranian- Iraqi Shia scholar and mystic. He was a prominent teacher at the seminaries of Mashhad and Karbala, teaching Islamic philosophy. He held the Qu ...

Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari Sayyid Mohammad Kazem Shariatmadari ( fa, محمد کاظم شریعتمداری), also spelled Shariat-Madari (5 January 1906 – 3 April 1986), was an Iranian Grand Ayatollah. He favoured the traditional Shiite practice of keeping clerics away ...

Mohammad Khamenei Sayyid Mohammad Khamenei ( fa, سید محمد خامنه‌ای, born 25 December 1935) is an Iranian cleric and politician. He is the older brother of Ali Khamenei, the current Supreme Leader of Iran, and Hadi Khamenei. Currently, he is the pres ...

* Mohammad Khatami * * * * * *

Mohammad Mofatteh Ayatollah Mohammad Mofatteh ( fa, محمد مفتح‎; 1928–1979) was an Iranian philosopher, theologian, and political activist, born in Famenin, Hamadan, Iran. After he finished his primary education in Hamadan, he left for the Islamic Sem ...

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Mohammad Mohammadi Gilani Ayatollah Mohammad Mohammadi Gilani ( fa, محمد محمدی گیلانی) (31 August 1928 – 9 July 2014) was a member of the Assembly of Experts of the Islamic Republic of Iran. He was the chief justice of the supreme court of Iran, a posi ...

* Mohammad Momen *

Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha Sayyid Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha (born 1945) is an Iranian cleric and secretary general of the reformist Association of Combatant Clerics. He was the founder of the now defunct '' Salam'' and was a member of the Expediency Discernment Council. ...

Mohammad Mofti al-shia Mousavi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammad Mofti al-Shi'a Mousavi (Persian: السيد محمد مفتي الشيعة موسوي) (born 1928- died 19 May 2010) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja. He has studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under Grand Ay ...

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Nasser Biria Mohammad Nasser Saghaye-Biria ( fa, محمدناصر سقای بی‌ریا) is an Iranian Shi'a cleric, conservative politician and head of psychology department at Imam Khomeini Educational Research Institute. He is a senior member of Front of Is ...

* Mohammad Qomi * Mohammad Rahmati Sirjani * *

Mohammad Reyshahri Mohammad Reyshahri ( fa, محمد ری‌‌شهری), also known as Mohammad Mohammadi-Nik (29 October 1946 – 21 March 2022), was an Iranian politician and cleric who was the first Minister of Intelligence, serving from 1984 to 1989 in the c ...

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Mohammad-Reza Ashtiani Araghi Mohammad Reza Ashtiani Araghi ( fa, رضا آشتیانی عراقی) is an Iranian Shia cleric and conservative Conservatism is a cultural, social, and political philosophy that seeks to promote and to preserve traditional institution ...

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Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani Grand Ayatollah Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani (March 20, 1899 – December 9, 1993) was an Iranian Shia Muslim and ''marja scholar and was born in 1899 in Gogad village near the city of Golpaygan, Iran. He was taught preliminary studies by his fa ...

Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Mahdavi Kani ( fa, محمدرضا مهدوی کنی, 6 August 1931 – 21 October 2014) was an Iranian Shia cleric, writer and conservative and principlist politician who was Acting Prime Minister of Iran from 2 Septemb ...

* * Mohammad Reza Mirtajodini *

Mohammad-Reza Modarresi Yazdi Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Modarresi-Yazdi (born 1955 in Yazd) is one of the 12 members of the Guardian Council of the Islamic Republic of Iran and also a member of the Assembly of Experts. See also * List of Ayatollahs References

I ...

* Mohammad Reza Naseri Yazdi *

Mohammad Reza Nekoonam Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Nekoonam (Persian: آیت الله محمد رضا نکونام) Iranian Twelver Shi'a Clergy. Life Ayatollah Mohammad Reza Nekoonam (Persian: آیت الله محمد رضا نکونام) Iranian Twelver Shi'a Cle ...

Mohammed Ridha al-Sistani Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad-Ridha al-Husayni al-Sistani ( ar, محمد رضا الحسيني السيستاني; fa, محمدرضا حسينى سيستانى, translit=Mohammadreza Hoseyni Sistāni, born 18 August 1962), is an Iraqis, Iraqi-Iranian ...

* Mohammad-Reza Tavassoli * *

Sadegh Khalkhali Mohammed Sadeq Givi Khalkhali (27 July 1926 – 26 November 2003) ( fa, صادق خلخالی) was an Iranian Shia cleric who is said to have "brought to his job as Chief Justice of the revolutionary courts a relish for summary execution" that ...

* Mohammad Sadeq Rouhani *

Mohammad-Sadegh Salehimanesh Mohammad-Sadegh Salehimanesh ( fa, محمدصادق صالحی‌منش) is an Iranian cleric and politician. He was founder and commander of the Vali Amr Corps, responsible for the security of the Supreme Leader of Iran, from 1986 to 1993 and s ...

Mohammad Sadeqi Tehrani Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Sadeqi Tehrani (Persian: محمد صادقی تهراني) (born 1926 - died March 21, 2011) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja. He has studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and Muh ...

Mohammad Sadoughi Mohammad Sadoughi ( fa, محمد صدوقی; 1909–1982) known as "Sevomin-Shahide-Mehrab" (the 3rd martyr of Mihrab) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Ayatollah who was born in Yazd. He was a/the representative of Yazd people in the assembly of experts ...

* Seyyed Mohammad Saeedi * * Mohammad Shahcheraghi * Mohammad-Taher Shubayr al-Khaqani *

Mohammad Taqi al-Modarresi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad-Taqi al-Husayni al-Modarresi ( ar, محمد تقي الحسيني المدرسي; fa, ; b. 1945) is an Iraqi-Iranian Shia marja' and political theorist. al-Modarresi is the author of over 400 books on matte ...

* Mohammad Taqi al-Khoei *

Mohammad-Taqi Bahjat Foumani Grand Ayatollah Mohammad-Taqi Bahjat Foumani ( fa, محمدتقی بهجت فومنی) (24 August 1916 – 17 May 2009) was an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja'. Biography Mohammad-Taqi was born on 24 August 1916 in the Fouman, Gilan province in ...

Mohammad Taghi Falsafi Mohammad Taghi Falsafi ( fa, محمدتقی فلسفی) was an Iranian Ayatollah and preacher. He was a campaigner against the regime of Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi. Many of his lectures was about psychology, ethics and mental development. During ...

* Mohammad-Taqi Ja'fari *

Mohammad-Taghi Khalaji Mohammad-Taghi Khalaji (born March 31, 1948) is an Iranian Shia cleric. He has been described as "a prominent Qom cleric close to reformist clerics Ayatollah Hussein-Ali Montazeri and Ayatollah Yousef Sane'i." He was arrested on January 13, 2010, ...

Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah-Yazdi Ayatollah Taqi Mesbah ( fa, تقی مصباح‌; born Taqi Givechi, fa, تقی گیوه‌چی), commonly known as Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah-Yazdi ( fa, محمدتقی مصباح‌ یزدی, 31 January 1935 – 1 January 2021) was an Iranian Shi' ...

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Mohammed Taqi Morvarid Ayatollah Sheikh Muhammad-Taqi Morvarid ( fa, ; 1921 – 22 October 2012) was an Iranian peoples, Iranian Shia Islam, Shia Ulama, cleric and politician. He was a member of the first Assembly of Experts representing the Ilam Province electorate. M ...

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Mohammad Taghi Pourmohammadi Ayatollah Mohammad Taghi Pourmohammadi ( fa, محمدتقی پورمحمدی, was born 1956 in Marand, East Azerbaijan) is an Iranian Shiite Muslim cleric and politician. He is a member of the 4th and 5th Assembly of Experts from electorate East A ...

* * Mohammad-Taqi Shoushtari * Mohammad Taghi Vaezi * *

Mohammad Vaez Mousavi Hujjat al-Islam Seyyed Mohammad Vaez Mousavi ( fa, سید محمد واعظ موسوی, was born 1964 in Shabestar, East Azerbaijan) is an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He is a member of the 4th Assembly of Experts from electorate East ...

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Mohammad Yazdi Mohammad Yazdi ( fa, محمد یزدی, 2 July 1931 – 9 December 2020) was an Iranian conservative and principlist cleric who served as the head of Judiciary System of Iran between 1989 and 1999. In 2015, he was elected to lead Iran's Assembl ...

Seyyed Mohammad Ziaabadi Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad Ziaabadi (1928 - 8 February 2021) ( Persian: سید محمد ضیاءآبادی) was an Iranian Mujtahid that was based in the Tehran Islamic Seminary. He specialised in Islamic ethics and interpretation of the Quran. ...

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Mohsen Araki Mohsen Araki ( fa, محسن اراکی; ar, محسن الأراكي) is an Iranian scholar, cleric, university lecturer and politician. He is currently a member of the Assembly of Experts and also a member of the Expediency Discernment Council. ...

Mohsen Faqihi Mohsen Faqihi (Persian: محسن فقیهی) (born 1952) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Ayatollah. He has studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under Morteza Haeri Yazdi, Mohammad-Reza Golpaygani and Mohammad Ali Araki. Faqihi is known for his book '' ...

Mohsen Heidari Alekasir Ayatollah Mohsen Heidari AleKasir ( Persian:محسن حیدری آل کثیر) is an Iranian Shia Islamic cleric who was born in 1957 in a middle class rural family in the village of Hor Riyahi Abadi where is located near to Shush in Khuzestan p ...

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Mohsen Kharazi Seyyed Mohsen Kharazi ( fa, سید محسن خرازی) (born in 1937 in Tehran) is a member of the Assembly of Experts of the Islamic Republic of Iran Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a c ...

Mohsen Koochebaghi Tabrizi Grand Ayatollah Mirza Mohsen Koochebaghi Tabrizi (9 January 1924 – 3 August 2011) was an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja. Early life Tabrizi was born on 9 January 1924 in Tabriz, Iran. His father, Ayatollah Mirza Abbas Kochebaghi, was also a Gra ...

Mohsen Mojtahed Shabestari Ayatollah Mohsen Mojtahed Shabestari ( fa, محسن مجتهد شبستری; 1937 – 17 November 2021) was an Iranian Shiite cleric and politician. He was a member of the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Assembly of Experts from the East Azerbaijan e ...

Mohsin Qara'ati Mohsen Qara'ati ( fa, محسن قرائتی) is an Iranian Shia cleric who was born in 1945 in the city of Kashan, and his father was Ali Naqi (Qara'ati). Mohsen Qara'ati who is commonly known as "Ayatollah Qara'ati" or " Hujjat al-islam Qara'ati, ...

Mohsen Qomi Mohsen Qomi ( fa, محسن قمی) is an Iranian cleric, conservative politician and a member of the Assembly of Experts. Career Qomi is a cleric and has the title of Hojjatal Islam. He is a member of the board of trustees of the Islamic Coali ...

Mohsen Rohami Mohsen Rohami ( fa, محسن رهامی, also spelt Rahami) is an Iranian lawyer, Shia cleric and reformist politician. He is an associate professor at University of Tehran's department of criminal crime. He enrolled as a candidate in the 2017 Ir ...

* * Seyed Mojtaba Hosseini *

Mujtaba Musavi Lari Mojtaba Musavi Lari (1925 – 9 March 2013) was a Shi'a Twelver Islamic scholar. Biography Lari was born in Lar, Iran, to the late Ayatulla Sayyid Ali Asghar Lari. After completing his preliminary studies in Lar in 1953 he continued his Islamic ...

* Mojtaba Tehrani *

Mojtaba Zonnour Mojtaba Zonnour ( fa, مجتبی ذوالنور; also spelled Zolnour) is an Iranian Shi'a cleric and conservative politician who, , represents Qom in the Iranian Parliament. He declared that he was SARS-CoV-2-positive on 27 February 2020. Pol ...

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Morteza Aghatehrani Morteza Aghatehrani ( fa, مرتضی آقاتهرانی) is an Iranian Shia cleric and conservative politician. He was former secretary-general of the Front of Islamic Revolution Stability, and represented Tehran, Rey, Shemiranat and Eslamshahr i ...

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Morteza Moghtadai Ayatollah Morteza Moghtadai (مرتضی مقتدایی) (born 12 October 1935 in Isfahan, Iran) is an Iranian Shia scholar, and deputy chairman of Society of Seminary Teachers of Qom. He was re-elected to the fourth Assembly of Experts. He cur ...

Morteza Motahhari Morteza Motahhari ( fa, مرتضی مطهری, also Romanized as "Mortezā Motahharī"; 31 January 1919 – 1 May 1979) was an Iranian Twelver Shia scholar, philosopher, lecturer. Motahhari is considered to have an important influence on th ...

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Morteza Sadouqi Mazandarani Ayatollah Morteza Sadoughi Mazandarani (Persian: مرتضی صدوقی مازندرانی) (born 22 July 1946) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a cleric. He has studied in seminaries of Qum, Iran under Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Ali Araki and Mohamm ...

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Mousa Shubairi Zanjani Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Mousa Shubairi Zanjani ( fa, موسی شبیری زنجانی, ar, موسی الشبيري الزنجاني, born March 2, 1928) is an Iranian Twelver Shia Marja'. Biography He was born in Qom to Sayyid Ahmed Shubairi ...

* Mostafa Boroujerdi * *

Mostafa Khamenei Seyyed Mostafa Hosseini Khamenei ( fa, سید مصطفی حسینی خامنه‌ای; born c. 1965) is an Iranian Twelver Shia cleric and the oldest son of Iran's supreme leader, Ali Khamenei. This Iranian cleric, who is also known as " Hujjat ...

Mostafa Khomeini Mostafa Khomeini ( fa, مصطفی خمینی ; 12 December 1930 – 23 October 1977) was an Iranian cleric and the eldest son of Ayatollah Khomeini. He died before the Iranian Revolution. Early life and education Khomeini was born in Qom on ...

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Mostafa Mohaghegh Damad , location = , Title = Allameh , Period = , Predecessor = , Successor = , ordination = , post = , birth_date = , birth_place = Qom, Iran , dea ...

Mostafa Mousavi Faraz Ayatollah Seyyed Mostafa Mousavi Faraz ( fa, سید مصطفی موسوی فراز) (also known as "Seyyed Mostafa Mousavi Esfahani"), is an Iranian Twelver Shia ayatollah who was born in 1944 in Isfahan among a religious family. This Shia cler ...

Mostafa Pourmohammadi Mostafa Pour-Mohammadi ( fa, مصطفی پورمحمدی; born 9 March 1960, Qom) is an Iranian politician and prosecutor, who has served at different positions and cabinet posts. He was minister of interior from 2005 to 2008 and minister of jus ...

* * * * Moslem Malakouti * * Nasir Hosseini *

Nasrollah Pejmanfar Nasrollah Pejmanfar ( fa, نصرالله پژمان‌فر) is an Iranian Shi'a cleric and conservative politician who represents Mashhad and Kalat electoral district in the Parliament of Iran since 2012. He is member of the Front of Islamic Re ...

* Nasrallah Shah-Abadi *

Naser Makarem Shirazi Grand Ayatollah Naser Makarem Shirazi (, born 25 February 1927 in Shiraz, Iran) is an Iranian Shia '' marja and religious leader. Biography He was born in the city of Shiraz, Iran. According to his website, his father was Ali Mohammad, his g ...

* Seyed Naser Mousavi Largani * *

Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi Ayatollah Nematollah Salehi Najafabadi (1923/24 in Najafabad, Isfahan province – 2006 in Tehran) was an Iranian cleric, scholar and proponent of Islamic Unity, who spent most years after the Iranian revolution of 1979 under house arrest. T ...

* * Qasem Ravanbakhsh * * Ghodratollah Alikhani * * *

Ghorbanali Dorri-Najafabadi Ghorbanali Dorri-Najafabadi ( fa, قربانعلی دری نجف‌آبادی; born 3 December 1950) is an Iranian politician and cleric. He is currently a member of the Assembly of Experts and also a member of the Expediency Discernment Council ...

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Rasul Jafarian Rasul Jafarian ( fa, رسول جعفریان; born June 30, 1964) is an Iranian clergyman and researcher in field of Iranian history. He is currently the Professor of the Department of History at the University of Tehran, the Director of The sp ...

Rasoul Montajabnia Rasoul Montajabnia ( fa, رسول منتجب‌نیا; born 13 July 1948 in Shiraz) is an Iranian reformist politician, jurist, vice president and founding member of the National Trust Party (Iran). He is also a former member of the Assembly of Co ...

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Reza Hosseini Nassab Seyed Reza Hosseini Nassab (Persian: سيد رضا حسيني نسب) (born 1960) is an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja, currently residing in Canada. He was the President and Imam of the Islamic Centre in Hamburg, Germany, and since 2003 he has ser ...

* Reza Mohammadi Langroudi * Reza Nouri *

Reza Ostadi Reza Ostadi Moghaddam ( fa, رضا استادی مقدم) (born 1937 in Tehran) is a member of the Expediency Discernment Council and the Assembly of Experts of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Previously, during the presidency of Mohammad Khatami ...

Reza Ramezani Gilani Reza Ramezani ( fa, رضا رمضانی گیلانی) (* 1963 in Rasht, Northern Iran) is a Twelver Shia Muslim cleric with the religious Rank Ayatollah. He has been a member of the Expert Council (Assembly of Experts) in the Islamic Republic of ...

* * Ruhollah Beigi *

Ruhollah Hosseinian Hojatoleslam Ruhollah Hosseinian ( fa, روح الله حسینیان , March 5, 1956 – August 25, 2020) was an Iranian principalist politician. He was born in Shiraz, and worked in the Iranian Ministry of Intelligence and National Securi ...

Ruhollah Khatami :''(Not to be confused with Ruhollah Khomeini who was the leader of the 1979 Iranian revolution)'' Ruhollah Khatami (28 October 1906 – 27 October 1988) was a senior Iranian cleric in the city of Yazd. In July 1982, he was appointed as prayer l ...

Ruhollah Khomeini Ruhollah Khomeini, Ayatollah Khomeini, Imam Khomeini ( , ; ; 17 May 1900 – 3 June 1989) was an Iranian political and religious leader who served as the first supreme leader of Iran from 1979 until his death in 1989. He was the founder of ...

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Sadeq Larijani Sadeq Ardeshir Larijani ( fa, صادق اردشیر لاریجانی; born 12 March 1961), better known as Amoli Larijani ( fa, آملی لاریجانی), is an Iranian scholar, conservative politician, and current chairman of Expediency Discern ...

* Saied Reza Ameli * Seyed Sajjad Izdehi * * *

Shahab ud-Din Mar'ashi Najafi Shahab ad-Din Muhammad Hussain Mar'ashi Najafi (July 21, 1897 – August 29, 1990) ( ar, اية الله العظمى السيد شهابالدين الحسينى المرعشى نجفى) was an Iraqi Shia ''Grand Ayatollah'' and Marja'. Educat ...

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Taqi Tabatabaei Qomi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Taqi Tabatabaei Qomi ( ar, تقي الطباطبايي القمي fa, , February 21, 1923–October 26, 2016) was an Iranian Shia marja'. He, along with Ali al-Sistani, and Ali Falsafi, were among the only three people t ...

* * * Yadollah Duzduzani * * Yahya Nouri * Yasubedin Rastegar Jooybari * Yousef Madani Tabrizi *

Yousef Saanei Grand Ayatollah Yousef Saanei ( fa, يوسف صانعى; 16 October 1937 – 12 September 2020) was an Iranian Twelver Shi'a Marja' and politician, a member of the Islamic Republic of Iran's powerful Guardian Council from 1980 to 1983 and also ...

Yousef Tabatabai Nejad (Seyyed) Yousef Tabatabai Nejad (sometimes spelled as Tabatabaei-Nejad) is an Iranian Shia cleric and Friday leading prayer that represents the Isfahan Province in Iran's Assembly of Experts. Views In 2015, he said women should be denied worki ...

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Zaynolabideen Ghorbani Sheikh Zaynolabideen Ghorbani , (born 1933) is an Iranian Ayatollah. He represented the Supreme Leader of Iran for Gilan Province, as well as leading prayers in Lahijan and Rasht. He represented the people in Gilan for both the Assembly of Exp ...

Iraq

* Abbas Modaresi Yazdi *

Abdul Aziz al-Hakim Ayatollah Abdul Aziz al-Hakim ( ; ar, سید عبد العزيز الحكيم; 1952 – 26 August 2009) was an Iraqi theologian and politician and the leader of Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq, a party that has approximately 5% support in the ...

* Abd al-Hadi al-Fadli *

Abdul Mahdi al-Karbalai Sheikh Abdul-Mahdi al-Salami ( ar, عبد المهدي السلامي; born 1955), commonly known as Abdul-Mahdi al-Karbalai, is a Shia Muslim scholar, best known for being the official representative of Grand Ayatollah Sayed Ali Al-Sistani in Iraq ...

* * Ahmed Al-Waeli * Ahmad Hassani Baghdadi *

Akram al-Kaabi Akram al-Kaabi ( ar, أكرم الكعبي; born 17 July 1977) is the founder and secretary general of Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba in Iraq. Nujaba emerged in 2013 as an offshoot of the Iraqi Shiite militia group Asaib Ahl al-Haq. History Kaabi ...

Al-Sayyed Riyadh Al-Hakeem Samahat Ayatollah Al-Sayyed Riyadh Al-Hakeem. Biography is the son Alsayyed Muhammad Saeed al-Hakim Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the f ...

Ali al-Hakim Sayyid Ali al-Hakim (born 1964) is a high-ranking Shiite Ayatollah in Najaf, Iraq. Biography Family tree Al-Hakim is a member of the Hakim family of Shiite scholars. Early life Al-Hakim was born in Najaf, the son of Ayatollah Sayyid Abdul al ...

Ali al-Milani Ayatollah Sayyid Ali al-Husayni al-Milani ( ar, علي الحسيني الميلاني; ; b. July 1948) is an Iraqi-Iranian Shia scholar. He is the founder of the Center for Islamic Facts in Qom. He is also the author of many books on the Islam ...

* Ali Hassani Baghdadi * Allaedin Ghoraifi *

Ammar al-Hakim Sayyid Ammar al-Hakim ( ar, سید عمار الحكيم) is an Iraqi cleric and politician who led the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq, from 2009 to 2017. Early life Al-Hakim was born in 1971 in Al-Najaf, the son of Abdul Aziz Al-Hakim, who ...

* Baqir al-Irawani * * Fadhil al-Milani * Fazel Maleki * * Hassan al-Qazwini * Hassan al-Shirazi * Husham Al-Husainy *

Hussein Al-Sadr Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Hussein Ismael Al-Sadr is a high-ranking Shi’a Muslim religious scholar in Iraq. He was born in the al-Kazimiya district of Baghdad, Iraq, where he resides to this day. He is widely seen as a highly respected unifying f ...

Hussein al-Shirazi Ayatollah Sayyid Hussein al-Husayni al-Shirazi (; fa, ; ) is an Iraqi-Iranian Twelver Shia cleric. He is a son of Grand Ayatollah Sadiq al-Shirazi. He is currently the head of his father's office and is residing in Qom, Iran. Early life and e ...

Iyad Jamal Al-Din Ayad Jamal Aldin or Iyad Jamal al-Din ( ar, ), full name Iyad Raouf Mohammed Jamal al-Din (born 1961), is a prominent Iraqi intellectual, politician and religious cleric. He was a member of the Iraqi parliament Jafar al-Hakim Sayyid Jafar al-Hakim (born 1965) is a high-ranking Shiite Ayatollah in Najaf, Iraq. Biography Family Tree Sayyid Jafar al-Hakim is a member of the well known and highly respected Hakim Family of Shiite scholars. Early life Sayyid Jafar al-Ha ...

Jalal al-Din Ali al-Saghir Sheikh Jalal al-Din Ali al-Sagheer ( ar, جلال الدين علي الصغير, Jalāl ud-Dīn ʿAliyy aṣ-Ṣaḡīr) is an Iraqi politician and a former member of parliament in the Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq. Prior to the 2003 US-led Inv ...

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Kamal al-Haydari Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Kamal al-Haydari ( ar, كمال الحسيني الحيدري ; born 1956) is a Philosopher and Shia marja' from Iraq, who resides in Qom, Iran. al-Haydari's intellectual output can be loosely grouped with a critical sc ...

Kazem al-Haeri Grand Ayatollah Kadhim Husayni al-Haeri ( ar, كاظم الحسيني الحائري) (born 1938) is a prominent Twelver Shi'a Marja. He has studied in seminars of Najaf, Iraq under Grand Ayatollah Sadeq al-Sadr. Haeri was born in Karbala, Ira ...

Mohammad al-Sadr Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad Muhammad-Sadiq al-Sadr ( ar, '';'' 23 March 1943 – 19 February 1999) was a prominent Iraqi Shia marja'. He called for government reform and the release of detained Shia leaders. The growth of his popularity, o ...

* Muhammad Ali al-Hakim * Mohammad Ali Shirazi *

Mohammad Ali Tabatabaei Hassani Grand Ayatollah Sayed Mohammed Ali Tabatabai Al-Hassani ( ar, السيد محمد علي الطباطبائي الحسني; 1945 – February 2017) was an Iraqi, Twelver Shia Muslim Marja'. He studied in Shia Islamic seminaries of Karbala an ...

* Mohammad Baqir al-Hakim *

Mohammad Baqir al-Sadr Muhammad Baqir al-Sadr ( ar, آية الله العظمى السيد محمد باقر الصدر; 1 March 1935 – 9 April 1980), also known as al-Shahīd al-Khāmis (the fifth martyr), was an Iraqi philosopher, and the ideological founde ...

Mohammad Hadi al-Milani Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammad Hadi Milani (; ; July 1, 1895 – August 7, 1975) was an Iraqi-Iranian marja'. al-Milani was also active in political and social affairs. When he moved to Mashhad, the Islamic seminary of Mashhad flourished. He con ...

* Mohammad Ebrahim Ansari * Mohammed Kadhim al-Qazwini *

Muhammad Saeed al-Hakim Muhammad ( ar, مُحَمَّد; 570 – 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...

Mohammad al-Shirazi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad al-Husayni al-Shirazi ( ar, محمد الحسيني الشيرازي; fa, ; August 31, 1928 – December 17, 2001), commonly known as Imam Shirazi, was an Iranian- Iraqi Shia marja' and political activist. Early ...

Mohammad Taher Khaqani Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Mohammad Taher Aleshobair Khagani (Arabic: محمد محمد طاهــــر آل شبيـر الخاقانـــــي) (born 1940) is an Iraqi peoples, Iraqi Twelver Shi'a Marja', Marja. He has studied in seminaries ...

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Mohammad Yaqoobi , birth_date = , birth_place = Najaf, Iraq , location = Najaf, Iraq , Title = Grand Ayatollah , Period = 2003–present , Predecessor = Mohammad Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr , Successor = , ordinatio ...

Muhsin al-Hakim Muhsin al-Tabatabaei al-Hakim ( ar, محسن الطباطبائي الحكيم; 31 May 1889 – 2 June 1970) was an Iraqi Shia religious authority. He became the leading marja' of Najaf in 1946 after the death of Abu al-Hasan al-Isfahani, and ...

Mujtaba al-Shirazi Ayatollah Sayyid Mujtaba al-Husayni al-Shirazi. ( ar, مجتبى الحسيني الشيرازي; fa, ; b. ِ6 August 1943) is an Iraq-Iranian Shia jurist. Early life and education al-Shirazi was born to Mirza Mahdi al-Shirazi and Halima al ...

Murtadha al-Qazwini Ayatollah Sayyid Murtadha al-Musawi al-Qazwini (; b. August 1, 1930) is a senior Iraqi Shia jurist, poet and orator of Iranian descent. al-Qazwini is currently the Imam of the eastern wing of the Imam Husayn shrine. He lived in exile for twe ...

* Murtadha al-Shirazi *

Moustafa Al-Qazwini Hujjat al-Islam Sayyid Dr. Moustafa al-Musawi al-Qazwini ( ar, مصطفى الموسوي القزويني; born 1961) is an Iraqi- American Shia Imam. He is the Imam at the Islamic Educational Center of Orange County in Orange Country, Californ ...

Qais Khazali Qais Hadi Sayed Hasan al-Khazali ( ar, قيس هادي سيد حسن الخزعلي; born 20 June 1974) is best known as the founder and leader of the Iran-backed Special Groups in Iraq from June 2006 until his capture by British forces in Marc ...

Qasem Taei Grand Ayatollah Qasem Taei ( ar, قاسم الطائي; 1960 – 16 September 2023) was an Iraqi Twelver Shi'a Marja', Marja. Taei studied in seminaries of Najaf, Iraq under Grand Ayatollah Mohammad Mohammad Sadeq al-Sadr. He was the author of ...

Sadiq al-Shirazi Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Sadiq al-Husayni al-Shirazi ( ar, صادق الحسيني الشيرازي; fa, سید صادق حسینی شیرازی; born August 20, 1942) is an Iraqi-Iranian Shia marja'. He hails from an influential transnational c ...

* Saleh Taei * Shamsodin Vaezi

Kuwait

Muhammad Baqir al-Muhri Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Al-Mūsawī Al-Muhrī ( ar, السيد محمد باقر الموسوي المهري; also spelled Al-Mohri; 25 December 1948 – 4 July 2015) was a Kuwaiti Shia Islam, Shi'ite Islamic Scholar, and a representative (''wakil'') ...

Lebanon

Abbas al-Musawi Abbas al-Musawi (; ar, عباس الموسوي; 26 October 1952 – 16 February 1992) was an influential Lebanese Shia cleric, co-founder and Secretary General of Hezbollah. He was killed by the Israel Defense Forces in 1992. Early life ...

Abdel Karim Obeid Abdel Karim Obeid (; ar, الشيخ عبد الكريم عبيد; born 1957) is a Sheikh and Imam of the village of Jibchit in south Lebanon, high-place of Lebanese Shiism. Life Regarded as the spiritual leader and soldier of the 'Islamic Amal ...

* Ali Al-Kourani *

Hashim Safi Al Din Hashim Safi Al Din (also transliterated Hashem Safieddine) (born 1964) is a Lebanese Shia cleric, senior Hezbollah official and a maternal cousin of the secretary general of Hezbollah, Hassan Nasrallah. He is the head of Hezbollah's Executive ...

Hassan Nasrallah Hassan Nasrallah ( ar, حسن نصر الله ; born 31 August 1960) is a Lebanese cleric and political leader who has served as the 3rd secretary-general of Hezbollah since his predecessor, Abbas al-Musawi, was assassinated by the Israel De ...

* Hossein Korani Ameli *

Muhammad Hussein Fadlallah Grand Ayatollah Muhammad Husayn Fadlallah (also Sayyed Muhammad Hussein Fadl-Allāh; ar, محمد حسين فضل الله; 16 November 1935 – 4 July 2010) was a prominent twelver Shia cleric from a Lebanese people, Lebanese family. Born ...

* Mohammad Mehdi Shamseddine * Mohammad Yazbek *

Musa al-Sadr Musa Sadr al-Din al-Sadr ( ar, موسى صدر الدين الصدر; 4 June 1928 – disappeared 31 August 1978) was an Iranian-born Lebanese scholar and political leader who founded the Amal Movement. Born in the Chaharmardan neighborhood o ...

Naim Qassem Naim Qassem ( ar, نعيم قاسم; born 1953) is a Shia Lebanese cleric and politician, who was the second-in-command of Hezbollah with the title of deputy secretary-general. Early life and education Qassem was born into a Shiite family in Kf ...

Ragheb Harb Ragheb Harb ( ar, راغب حرب; 1952–1984 was a Lebanese leader and Muslim cleric. He was born in Jibchit in 1952, a village in the Jabal Amel region of Southern Lebanon. Harb was an imam and led the regional Shiite resistance against I ...

* Subhi al-Tufayli

Nigeria

Ibrahim Zakzaky Ibraheem Yaqoub El-Zakzaky (alternately Ibraheem Zakzaky, Ibrahim Al-Zakzaky; born 5 May 1953) is a Nigerian religious leader. He is an imprisoned outspoken and prominent Shi'a Muslim leader in Nigeria. He is the head of Nigeria's Islamic Movem ...

* Qasim Umar Sokoto

Pakistan

* Syed Ali Raza Rizvi * Syed Ali Naqi Naqvi Qumi * Arif Hussain Hussaini *

Bashir Hussain Najafi Grand Ayatollah Sheikh Basheer Hussain Najafi ( ar, آية الله العظمى بشير النجفي) (born 1942) is a Pakistani Twelver Shia Marja' and one of the Big Four (Najaf), Four Grand Ayatollahs of Najaf, Iraq. He was born in Jalandhar ...

Fida Hussain Bukhari ''Fida'' (translation: ''Infatuated'') is a 2004 Indian romantic thriller film released on 20 August 2004. The film is directed by Ken Ghosh and stars Fardeen Khan, Kareena Kapoor and Shahid Kapoor. The film was a box office bomb. Plot Someb ...

* Agha Syed Hamid Ali Shah Moosavi *

Hafiz Riaz Hussain Najafi Hafiz Syed Riaz Hussain Najafi is a Shia scholar from Pakistan. He is the principal of Jamia-tul-Muntazar Lahore, the largest Shia madrassah Madrasa (, also , ; Arabic: مدرسة , pl. , ) is the Arabic word for any type of educational ...

Hassan Raza Ghadeeri Ayatollah Hassan Raza Ghadeeri (born 1952) is a Shia scholar and Ayatollah (mujtahid) of Pakistan. His father, Mufti Muzammil Hussain Meesmi, was the first Mufti of Punjab. Biography Grand Ayatollah Hassan Raza Ghadeeri was born in Pakistan ...

Allama Hassan Turabi Allama Hassan Turabi (Urdu: علامہ حسن ترابی) was a Pakistani and prominent Shia Muslim cleric, chief of the main Shiite political party, Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan. He was assassinated by a Sunni Bangladeshi on 14 July 2006 followi ...

Jawad Naqvi Syed Jawad Naqvi ( ur, ; born 1952) is a Pakistani philosopher, scholar, Religious Leader, Quranic interpreter and theologian of Twelver Shia. Early life and family details He was born on 5 March 1952 in a village named Thipra Syedan, of Har ...

Muhammad Hussain Najafi Shaikh Muhammad Hussain Najafi ( ar, آيت الله العظمى علامه شيخ محمد حسين) (born 1932) is a Pakistani Twelver Shia Marja. As of current, there are two maraji of Pakistani descent. The first one is he himself ...

* Muhammad Latif Ansari *

Nasir al-Din Nasir Hunzai Partaw-i Shah Nasir al-Din Nasir Hubb-i 'Ali Hunzai (17 May 1917 – 15 January 2017), known also as ''Allamah, 'Allamah'' (lit. learned) ''Hunzai', 'Allamah Sahib'', or by his epithets, ''Baba-yi Burushaski'' (lit. The Father of Burushaski), ''L ...

Syed Safdar Hussain Najafi Syed Safdar Hussain Najafi (مولانا سید صفدر حسین نجفی) was a scholar and religious leader. Social background Family and childhood Syed Safdar Hussain Najafi was born in 1932 at Alipur, a tehsil of Muzaffargarh District ...

Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi Syed Sajid Ali Naqvi ( ur, ) is a Pakistani Shia Islamic scholar from Rawalpindi, Pakistan. He is the founder & leader of Islami Tehreek Pakistan also Patron-in-Chief of Shia Ulema Council. His main objective is to create an Islamic rule in the P ...

Talib Jauhari Talib Johri (27 August 1929 – 21 June 2020) ( ur, ) was a Pakistani Islamic scholar, poet, historian and philosopher of the Shia Sect of Islam. He is widely renowned as the most prominent Shia scholar, and his sermons were broadcast on PTV ...

* Zeeshan Haider Jawadi

Saudi Arabia

Nimr al-Nimr Ayatollah Sheikh Nimr Baqir al-Nimr ( ar, نمر باقر النمر, Nimr Bāqir an-Nimr, Bakir al-Nimr, al-Nemr, al-Namr, al-Nimer, al-Nemer, al-Namer; 21 June 1959 – 2 January 2016), commonly referred to as Sheikh Nimr, was a Shia sheikh in ...

Historical Scholars

Notes

References

*''Religion and Politics in Iraq. Shiite Clerics between Quietism and Resistance'', M. Ismail Marcinkowski (). {{DEFAULTSORT:Shi'a Clergy Shia Islam