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Hussein Al-Shirazi
Ayatollah Sayyid Hussein al-Husayni al-Shirazi (; fa, ; ) is an Iraqi-Iranian Twelver Shia cleric. He is a son of Grand Ayatollah Sadiq al-Shirazi. He is currently the head of his father's office and is residing in Qom, Iran. Early life and education Hussein al-Shirazi was born in Karbala, to Sadiq al-Shirazi, a Shia marja', and Siddiqa Thabit, the daughter of Muhammad Thabit, a cleric and orator. A year after his birth, his family were exiled from Iraq, and settled in Kuwait. Ten years later, they migrated to Iran, and settled in Qom. al-Shirazi began his religious education at an early stage, and studied under his uncle, Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad al-Shirazi, and his father. He also studied under Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad-Sadiq al-Rohani. Clashes with Iran Arrest Hussein al-Shirazi was forcefully arrested by police in Qom on March 6, 2018. The reasons for his arrest was because he was critical of Velayat Faqih and Iranian Supreme Leader, Ali Khamenei ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ''Allah'') as it was revealed to Muhammad, the Muhammad in Islam, main and final Islamic prophet.Peters, F. E. 2009. "Allāh." In , edited by J. L. Esposito. Oxford: Oxford University Press. . (See alsoquick reference) "[T]he Muslims' understanding of Allāh is based...on the Qurʿān's public witness. Allāh is Unique, the Creator, Sovereign, and Judge of mankind. It is Allāh who directs the universe through his direct action on nature and who has guided human history through his prophets, Abraham, with whom he made his covenant, Moses/Moosa, Jesus/Eesa, and Muḥammad, through all of whom he founded his chosen communities, the 'Peoples of the Book.'" It is the Major religious groups, world's second-largest religion behind Christianity, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Grand Ayatollah
Marji ( ar, مرجع, transliteration: ''marjiʿ''; plural: ''marājiʿ''), literally meaning "source to follow" or "religious reference", is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia authority, a Grand Ayatollah with the authority given by a hawzah to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and lower-ranking clerics. The highest ranking ''marjiʿ'' is known as the ''marja al-mutlaq'' or ''marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq''. Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja˓ emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (d. 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (d. 940 or 941 CE) both being called the first marja'. Title Currently, maraji' are accorded the title ''Grand Ayatollah'' ( ar, آية الله العظمی ''ʾĀyatullāh al-ʿUẓmā''). Previously, the titles of Allamah (such as Allameh Tabatabaei, Allameh Majlesi, Allameh Hilli) and Imam (such as Imam Khomeini, Imam Rohani, Imam Shirazi and Imam Sadr) have also been used. Som ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fitna (word)
''Fitna'' (or ', pl. '; ar, فتنة , فتن: "temptation, trial; sedition, civil strife, conflict" Wehr (1976), p. 696.) is an Arabic word with extensive connotations of trial, affliction, or distress. Although it is a word with important historical implications, it is also widely used in modern Arabic without the underlying historical connotations. One might distinguish between the meanings of ' as used in Classical Arabic and the meanings of ''fitna'' as used in Modern Standard Arabic and various colloquial dialects. Due to the conceptual importance of ''fitna'' in the Qur'an, its use in that work may need to be considered separately from, though in addition to, the word's general lexical meaning in Classical Arabic. Aside from its use in the Qur'an, ''fitna'' is used as term for the four heavy civil wars within the Islamic Caliphate from the 7th to the 9th century AD. Root and forms Arabic, in common with other Semitic languages like Hebrew, employs a system of root le ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IRIB
The Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting (IRIB; fa, صدا و سيمای جمهوری اسلامی ايران, ''Sedā va Sīmā-ye Jomhūri-ye Eslāmi-ye Īrān'', , formerly called National Iranian Radio and Television until the Iranian revolution of 1979) is an Iranian state-controlled media corporation that holds a monopoly of domestic radio and television services in Iran. It is also among the largest media organizations in Asia and the Pacific region and a regular member of the Asia-Pacific Broadcasting Union. Its head is appointed directly by the Supreme Leader, Ayatollah Ali Khamenei. With 13,000 employees and branches in 20 countries worldwide, including France, Belgium, Malaysia, Lebanon, United Kingdom, the United States, the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting offers both domestic and foreign radio and television services, broadcasting 12 domestic television channels, 4 international news television channels, six satellite television channels for international ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Judicial System Of Iran
A nationwide judicial system in Iran was first implemented and established by Abdolhossein Teymourtash under Reza Shah, with further changes during the second Pahlavi era. After the 1979 overthrow of the Pahlavi dynasty by the Islamic Revolution, the system was greatly altered. The legal code is now based on Islamic law or sharia, although many aspects of civil law have been retained, and it is integrated into a civil law legal system. According to the constitution of the Islamic Republic, the judiciary in Iran "is an independent power" with a Ministry of Justice, head of the Supreme Court, and also a separate appointed Head of the Judiciary.Abrahamian, Ervand, ''History of Modern Iran'', Cambridge U.P., 2008, p.177 History Islam According to one scholar, the administration of justice in Islamic Iran has been until recent times a loosely sewn and frequently resewn patchwork of conflicting authority in which the different and sometimes conflicting sources for Islamic l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mohammad Jafar Montazeri
Mohammad Jafar Montazeri ( fa, محمدجعفر منتظری; born 1949 in Qom) is an Iranian cleric and judge and the current attorney-general of Iran since 1 April 2016. He was previously head of Iran's Administrative Justice Court and Special Clerical Court Special Clerical Court, or Special Court for Clerics ( fa, دادگاه ویژه روحانیت) is a special Iranian court system for prosecuting Islamic clergymen and scholars accused of improper activity and conduct unbecoming of a cleric. Th .... References 1949 births Living people People from Qom Iranian prosecutors Iranian Shia clerics Combatant Clergy Association politicians {{Iran-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prosecutor-General Of Iran
The prosecutor-general of Iran (or attorney-general), in the judicial system of Iran, is a "just '' mujtahid''" appointed by the head of the judiciary in consultation with the judges of the Supreme Court to serve for a period of five years. The head of the prosecutor-general's office, he supervises prosecutor's offices in the country. As head of the public prosecution for the state, he has executive responsibility for law enforcement, prosecutions, setting priorities in the hearings of cases. List of recent prosecutors-general See also * Judicial system of Iran References {{DEFAULTSORT:Attorney-General of Iran Judiciary of Iran Iranian prosecutors Shia clerics Law of Iran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hamid Baeidinejad
Hamid Baeidinejad ( fa, حمید بعیدینژاد; born 11 October 1962 in Tehran) is an Iranian diplomat who served as the Iranian Ambassador to the United Kingdom from 2016 to 2021. He was formerly the Director-General for Political Affairs and International Security Affairs in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Baeidinejad graduated from the Ministry of Foreign Affair's School of International Relations in 1989. He joined the Ministry of Foreign Affairs the same year and has worked for the ministry ever since, working in the field of disarmament. Baeidinejad served as one of Iran's negotiators in negotiations for curtailing Iran's nuclear program that lead to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in 2015. He previously served in various capacities with Iran's missions to the United Nations, including a term from 2008-2011 as Iran's Ambassador and deputy Permanent Representative to the United Nations Office at Geneva The United Nations Office at Geneva (UNOG, frenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of The Islamic Republic Of Iran
The Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran ( fa, نظام جمهوری اسلامی ایران, Neẓām-e jomhūrī-e eslāmi-e Irān, known simply as ''Neẓām'' ( fa, نظام, lit=the system) among its supporters) is the ruling state and current political system in Iran, in power since the Islamic revolution and fall of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1979. Its constitution, adopted by an ex post facto referendum, uses separation of powers model with Executive, Legislative, and Judicial systems, while the Supreme Leader is the country's head of state and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. It is currently one of the three governments using the title Islamic republic. Creation The Islamic Republic of Iran was created shortly after the Islamic Revolution. The first major demonstrations with the intent to overthrow the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi began in January 1978, with a new, Islam-based, theocratic Constitution being approved in December 1979, ending the monarchy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yasser Al-Habib
Sheikh Yasser al-Habib ( ar, ياسر الحبيب born 20 January 1979) is a Kuwaiti Twelver Shia scholar, and the head of the London-based Khoddam Al-Mahdi Organization, as well as Al-Muhassin mosque in Fulmer, Buckinghamshire, and the writer of ''The Lady of Heaven''. Al-Habib's work focuses on Islamic history, drawing on Shia and Sunni sources. Al-Habib started his religious activities in Kuwait, starting off as a member of the Dawah Party, later he founded a non-profit religious organization named Khoddam Al-Mahdi Organization, and he also expressed his religious views regarding Abu Bakr and Umar, and criticized them sharply, which led to anger the mainstream Sunnis in Kuwait and other Arabic-speaking Sunni communities, and finally led to the arrest of Al-Habib. Later, in February 2004 he was released under an annual pardon announced by the Emir of Kuwait on the occasion of the country's National Day, but his rearrest was ordered a few days later. Al-Habib fled Kuwait befor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ali Khamenei
Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei ( fa, سید علی حسینی خامنهای, ; born 19 April 1939) is a Twelver Shia '' marja''' and the second and current Supreme Leader of Iran, in office since 1989. He was previously the third president of Iran from 1981 to 1989. Khamenei is the longest serving head of state in the Middle East, as well as the second-longest serving Iranian leader of the last century, after Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi. According to his official website, Khamenei was arrested six times before being sent into exile for three years during Mohammad Reza Pahlavi's reign. After the Iranian revolution overthrowing the shah, he was the target of an attempted assassination in June 1981 that paralysed his right arm. Khamenei was one of Iran's leaders during the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s, and developed close ties with the now powerful Revolutionary Guards which he controls, and whose commanders are elected and dismissed by him. The Revolutionary Guards have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guardianship Of The Islamic Jurist
The Guardianship or Governance/''Wilāyat'' of/by an Islamic Jurist/''Faqīh'' ( fa, , Velâyat-e Faqih; ar, وِلاَيَةُ ٱلْفَقِيهِ, Wilāyat al-Faqīh), is a concept in Twelver Shia Islamic law which holds that until the reappearance of the "infallible Imam" (sometime before Judgement Day), at least some of the "religious and social affairs" of the Muslim world should be administered by righteous Shi'i jurists. Shia disagree over whose "religious and social affairs" are to be administered and what those affairs are. Wilāyat al-Faqīh is associated in particular with Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini and the Islamic Republic of Iran. In a series of lectures in 1970, Khomeini advanced the idea of guardianship in its "absolute" form as rule of the state and society. This version of guardianship now forms the basis of the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, which calls for a ''Vali-ye faqih'' (Guardian Jurist), to serve as the Supreme Leader of that c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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