5 (five) is a
number
A number is a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label. The original examples are the natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and so forth. Numbers can be represented in language with number words. More universally, individual numbers c ...
,
numeral and
digit
Digit may refer to:
Mathematics and science
* Numerical digit, as used in mathematics or computer science
** Hindu-Arabic numerals, the most common modern representation of numerical digits
* Digit (anatomy), the most distal part of a limb, such ...
. It is the
natural number
In mathematics, the natural numbers are those numbers used for counting (as in "there are ''six'' coins on the table") and ordering (as in "this is the ''third'' largest city in the country").
Numbers used for counting are called ''Cardinal n ...
, and
cardinal number
In mathematics, cardinal numbers, or cardinals for short, are a generalization of the natural numbers used to measure the cardinality (size) of sets. The cardinality of a finite set is a natural number: the number of elements in the set. Th ...
, following
4 and preceding
6, and is a
prime number
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
. It has attained significance throughout history in part because typical humans have five
digit
Digit may refer to:
Mathematics and science
* Numerical digit, as used in mathematics or computer science
** Hindu-Arabic numerals, the most common modern representation of numerical digits
* Digit (anatomy), the most distal part of a limb, such ...
s on each hand.
In mathematics
is the third smallest
prime number
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
, and the second
super-prime
Super-prime numbers, also known as higher-order primes or prime-indexed primes (PIPs), are the subsequence of prime numbers that occupy prime-numbered positions within the sequence of all prime numbers.
The subsequence begins
:3, 5, 11, 17, 31, ...
.
It is the first
safe prime, the first
good prime A good prime is a prime number whose square is greater than the product of any two primes at the same number of positions before and after it in the sequence of primes.
That is, good prime satisfies the inequality
:p_n^2 > p_ \cdot p_
for all 1 â ...
, the first
balanced prime In number theory, a balanced prime is a prime number with equal-sized prime gaps above and below it, so that it is equal to the arithmetic mean of the nearest primes above and below. Or to put it algebraically, given a prime number p_n, where is it ...
, and the first of three known
Wilson prime
In number theory, a Wilson prime is a prime number p such that p^2 divides (p-1)!+1, where "!" denotes the factorial function; compare this with Wilson's theorem, which states that every prime p divides (p-1)!+1. Both are named for 18th-century E ...
s. Five is the second
Fermat prime and the third
Mersenne prime
In mathematics, a Mersenne prime is a prime number that is one less than a power of two. That is, it is a prime number of the form for some integer . They are named after Marin Mersenne, a French Minim friar, who studied them in the early 17t ...
exponent, as well as the third
Catalan number, and the third
Sophie Germain prime.
Notably, 5 is equal to the sum of the ''only'' consecutive primes,
2 +
3, and is the only number that is part of more than one pair of
twin prime
A twin prime is a prime number that is either 2 less or 2 more than another prime numberâfor example, either member of the twin prime pair (41, 43). In other words, a twin prime is a prime that has a prime gap of two. Sometimes the term ''twin pr ...
s, (
3, 5) and (5,
7). It is also a
sexy prime
In number theory, sexy primes are prime numbers that differ from each other by 6. For example, the numbers 5 and 11 are both sexy primes, because both are prime and .
The term "sexy prime" is a pun stemming from the Latin word for six: .
If o ...
with the fifth prime number and first
prime repunit,
11. Five is the third
factorial prime
A factorial prime is a prime number that is one less or one more than a factorial (all factorials greater than 1 are even).
The first 10 factorial primes (for ''n'' = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 11, 12, 14) are :
: 2 (0! +&n ...
, an
alternating factorial
Alternating may refer to:
Mathematics
* Alternating algebra, an algebra in which odd-grade elements square to zero
* Alternating form, a function formula in algebra
* Alternating group, the group of even permutations of a finite set
* Alternati ...
, and an
Eisenstein prime with no imaginary part and real part of the form
â
.
In particular, five is the first
congruent number
In number theory, a congruent number is a positive integer that is the area of a right triangle with three rational number sides. A more general definition includes all positive rational numbers with this property.
The sequence of (integer) cong ...
, since it is the length of the
hypotenuse of the smallest
integer-sided right triangle.
Five is the second
Fermat prime of the form
+
, and more generally the second
SierpiĆski number of the first kind,
+
. There are a total of five known Fermat primes, which also include
3,
17,
257
__NOTOC__
Year 257 ( CCLVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Valerianus and Gallienus (or, less frequently, year 10 ...
, and
65537
65537 is the integer after 65536 and before 65538.
In mathematics
65537 is the largest known prime number of the form 2^ +1 (n = 4). Therefore, a regular polygon with 65537 sides is constructible with compass and unmarked straightedge. Johann ...
. The sum of the first 3 Fermat primes, 3, 5 and 17, yields 25 or 5
2, while 257 is the 55th prime number. Combinations from these 5 Fermat primes generate
31 polygons with an
odd
Odd means unpaired, occasional, strange or unusual, or a person who is viewed as eccentric.
Odd may also refer to:
Acronym
* ODD (Text Encoding Initiative) ("One Document Does it all"), an abstracted literate-programming format for describing X ...
number of
sides that can be
construncted purely with a compass and straight-edge, which includes the five-sided
regular pentagon. Apropos, 31 is also equal to the sum of the maximum number of
area
Area is the quantity that expresses the extent of a region on the plane or on a curved surface. The area of a plane region or ''plane area'' refers to the area of a shape
A shape or figure is a graphics, graphical representation of an obje ...
s inside a circle that are formed from the
sides and
diagonals of the first five
-sided
polygon
In geometry, a polygon () is a plane figure that is described by a finite number of straight line segments connected to form a closed ''polygonal chain'' (or ''polygonal circuit''). The bounded plane region, the bounding circuit, or the two toge ...
s, and equal to the maximum number of areas formed by a six-sided polygon; per
Moser's circle problem The number of and for first 6 terms of Moser's circle problem
In geometry, the problem of dividing a circle into areas by means of an inscribed polygon with ''n'' sides in such a way as to ''maximise'' the number of areas created by the edges an ...
.
The number 5 is the fifth
Fibonacci number, being 2 plus 3.
It is the only Fibonacci number that is equal to its position aside from
1, which is both the first and second Fibonacci numbers. Five is also a
Pell number and a
Markov number, appearing in solutions to the Markov Diophantine equation: (1, 2, 5), (1, 5,
13), (2, 5,
29), (5, 13,
194
Year 194 ( CXCIV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Septimius and Septimius (or, less frequently, year 947 '' Ab urbe ...
), (5, 29, 433), ... ( lists Markov numbers that appear in solutions where one of the other two terms is 5). Whereas 5 is unique in the Fibonacci sequence, in the Perrin sequence 5 is both the fifth and sixth
Perrin number
In mathematics, the Perrin numbers are defined by the recurrence relation
: for ,
with initial values
:.
The sequence of Perrin numbers starts with
: 3, 0, 2, 3, 2, 5, 5, 7, 10, 12, 17, 22, 29, 39, ...
The number of different maxima ...
s.
5 is the third
Mersenne prime exponent of the form
â
, which yields
: the
prime index of the third
Mersenne prime
In mathematics, a Mersenne prime is a prime number that is one less than a power of two. That is, it is a prime number of the form for some integer . They are named after Marin Mersenne, a French Minim friar, who studied them in the early 17t ...
and second
double Mersenne prime 127 127 may refer to:
*127 (number), a natural number
*AD 127, a year in the 2nd century AD
*127 BC, a year in the 2nd century BC
*127 (band), an Iranian band
See also
*List of highways numbered 127
Route 127 or Highway 127 can refer to multiple roads ...
, as well as the third double Mersenne prime exponent for the number
2,147,483,647
The number 2,147,483,647 is the eighth Mersenne prime, equal to 231 â 1. It is one of only four known double Mersenne primes.
The primality of this number was proven by Leonhard Euler, who reported the proof in a letter to Daniel ...
, which is the largest value that a
signed 32-bit
In computer architecture, 32-bit computing refers to computer systems with a processor, memory, and other major system components that operate on data in 32-bit units. Compared to smaller bit widths, 32-bit computers can perform large calculation ...
integer field can hold. There are only four known double Mersenne prime numbers, with a fifth candidate double Mersenne prime
= 2
23058...93951 â 1 too large to compute with current computers. In a related sequence, the first 5 terms in the sequence of
CatalanâMersenne numbers are the only known prime terms, with a sixth possible candidate in the order of 10
1037.7094. These prime sequences are conjectured to be prime up to a certain limit.
Every odd number greater than
is the sum of at most five prime numbers, and every odd number greater than
is conjectured to be expressible as the sum of three prime numbers.
Helfgtott has provided a proof of the latter, also known as the
odd Goldbach conjecture
In number theory, Goldbach's weak conjecture, also known as the odd Goldbach conjecture, the ternary Goldbach problem, or the 3-primes problem, states that
: Every odd number greater than 5 can be expressed as the sum of three prime number, prime ...
, that is already widely acknowledged by mathematicians as it still undergoes
peer-review
Peer review is the evaluation of work by one or more people with similar competencies as the producers of the work (peers). It functions as a form of self-regulation by qualified members of a profession within the relevant field. Peer review ...
.
The sums of the first five non-primes greater than zero
+
+
+
+
and the first five prime numbers
+
+
+
+
both equal
; the 7th
triangular number
A triangular number or triangle number counts objects arranged in an equilateral triangle. Triangular numbers are a type of figurate number, other examples being square numbers and cube numbers. The th triangular number is the number of dots in ...
and like
a
perfect number
In number theory, a perfect number is a positive integer that is equal to the sum of its positive divisors, excluding the number itself. For instance, 6 has divisors 1, 2 and 3 (excluding itself), and 1 + 2 + 3 = 6, so 6 is a perfect number.
T ...
, which also includes
, the 31st triangular number and perfect number of the form
â1(
â
) with a
of
, by the
EuclidâEuler theorem
The EuclidâEuler theorem is a theorem in number theory that relates perfect numbers to Mersenne primes. It states that an even number is perfect if and only if it has the form , where is a prime number. The theorem is named after mathematician ...
.
There are a total of five known
unitary perfect number
A unitary perfect number is an integer which is the sum of its positive proper unitary divisors, not including the number itself (a divisor ''d'' of a number ''n'' is a unitary divisor if ''d'' and ''n''/''d'' share no common factors). Some perfect ...
s, which are numbers that are the sums of their positive
proper unitary divisors. A sixth unitary number, if discovered, would have at least nine odd prime factors.
Five is
conjecture
In mathematics, a conjecture is a conclusion or a proposition that is proffered on a tentative basis without proof. Some conjectures, such as the Riemann hypothesis (still a conjecture) or Fermat's Last Theorem (a conjecture until proven in 19 ...
d to be the only odd
untouchable number
An untouchable number is a positive integer that cannot be expressed as the sum of all the proper divisors of any positive integer (including the untouchable number itself). That is, these numbers are not in the image of the aliquot sum function. ...
, and if this is the case then five will be the only odd prime number that is not the base of an aliquot tree.
In
figurate numbers, 5 is a
pentagonal number, with the
sequence
In mathematics, a sequence is an enumerated collection of objects in which repetitions are allowed and order matters. Like a set, it contains members (also called ''elements'', or ''terms''). The number of elements (possibly infinite) is calle ...
of pentagonal numbers starting: 1, 5, 12, 22, 35, ...
* 5 is a
centered tetrahedral number
A centered tetrahedral number is a centered figurate number that represents a tetrahedron
In geometry, a tetrahedron (plural: tetrahedra or tetrahedrons), also known as a triangular pyramid, is a polyhedron composed of four triangular faces, ...
: 1, 5, 15, 35, 69, ... Every centered tetrahedral number with an index of 2, 3 or 4
modulo
In computing, the modulo operation returns the remainder or signed remainder of a division, after one number is divided by another (called the '' modulus'' of the operation).
Given two positive numbers and , modulo (often abbreviated as ) is t ...
5 is divisible by 5.
* 5 is a
square pyramidal number
In mathematics, a pyramid number, or square pyramidal number, is a natural number that counts the number of stacked spheres in a pyramid with a square base. The study of these numbers goes back to Archimedes and Fibonacci. They are part of a broa ...
: 1, 5, 14, 30, 55, ... The sum of the first four members is
50 while the fifth
indexed member in the sequence is
55.
* 5 is a
centered square number: 1, 5, 13, 25, 41, ... The fifth
square number
In mathematics, a square number or perfect square is an integer that is the square (algebra), square of an integer; in other words, it is the multiplication, product of some integer with itself. For example, 9 is a square number, since it equals ...
or 5
2 is
25, which features in the proportions of the two smallest (3, 4, 5) and (5, 12, 13) ''primitive''
Pythagorean triples.
The
factorial
In mathematics, the factorial of a non-negative denoted is the product of all positive integers less than or equal The factorial also equals the product of n with the next smaller factorial:
\begin
n! &= n \times (n-1) \times (n-2) \t ...
of five, or
! =
, is the sum of the first
fifteen non-zero positive
integer
An integer is the number zero (), a positive natural number (, , , etc.) or a negative integer with a minus sign (â1, â2, â3, etc.). The negative numbers are the additive inverses of the corresponding positive numbers. In the language ...
s, and 15th
triangular number
A triangular number or triangle number counts objects arranged in an equilateral triangle. Triangular numbers are a type of figurate number, other examples being square numbers and cube numbers. The th triangular number is the number of dots in ...
, which in turn is the sum of the first five non-zero positive integers and 5th triangular number.
35, which is the fourth or fifth pentagonal and
tetrahedral number, is equal to the sum of the first five triangular numbers: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15.
5 is the value of the central
cell of the only non-trivial
normal magic square, also called the
''Lo Shu'' square. Its
x
array of squares has a
magic constant
The magic constant or magic sum of a magic square is the sum of numbers in any row, column, or diagonal of the magic square. For example, the magic square shown below has a magic constant of 15. For a normal magic square of order ''n'' â that is ...
of
, where the sums of its rows, columns, and diagonals are all equal to fifteen. 5 is also the value of the central cell the only non-trivial order-3
normal magic hexagon that is made of nineteen cells.
Polynomial
In mathematics, a polynomial is an expression consisting of indeterminates (also called variables) and coefficients, that involves only the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and positive-integer powers of variables. An exa ...
equations of degree and below can be solved with radicals, while
quintic equations of degree 5, and higher, cannot generally be so solved. This is the
AbelâRuffini theorem. This is related to the fact that the
symmetric group is a
solvable group for ''n'' ⩜ 4 and not solvable for ''n'' ⩟ 5.
Euler's identity
In mathematics, Euler's identity (also known as Euler's equation) is the equality
e^ + 1 = 0
where
: is Euler's number, the base of natural logarithms,
: is the imaginary unit, which by definition satisfies , and
: is pi, the ratio of the circum ...
,
+
=
, contains five essential
number
A number is a mathematical object used to count, measure, and label. The original examples are the natural numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and so forth. Numbers can be represented in language with number words. More universally, individual numbers c ...
s used widely in mathematics:
Archimedes' constant
The number (; spelled out as "pi") is a mathematical constant that is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159. The number appears in many formulas across mathematics and physics. It is an irratio ...
,
Euler's number , the
imaginary number
An imaginary number is a real number multiplied by the imaginary unit , is usually used in engineering contexts where has other meanings (such as electrical current) which is defined by its property . The square of an imaginary number is . Fo ...
,
unity
Unity may refer to:
Buildings
* Unity Building, Oregon, Illinois, US; a historic building
* Unity Building (Chicago), Illinois, US; a skyscraper
* Unity Buildings, Liverpool, UK; two buildings in England
* Unity Chapel, Wyoming, Wisconsin, US; a h ...
, and
zero
0 (zero) is a number representing an empty quantity. In place-value notation
Positional notation (or place-value notation, or positional numeral system) usually denotes the extension to any base of the HinduâArabic numeral system (or ...
, which makes this formula a renown example of
beauty in mathematics.
In geometry
A
pentagram, or five-pointed
polygram
PolyGram N.V. was a multinational entertainment company and major music record label formerly based in the Netherlands. It was founded in 1962 as the Grammophon-Philips Group by Dutch corporation Philips and German corporation Siemens, to be a ...
, is the first proper
star polygon
In geometry, a star polygon is a type of non-convex polygon. Regular star polygons have been studied in depth; while star polygons in general appear not to have been formally defined, certain notable ones can arise through truncation operations ...
constructed from the diagonals of a
regular pentagon as
self-intersecting edges that are proportioned in
golden ratio,
. Its internal geometry appears prominently in
Penrose tilings
A Penrose tiling is an example of an aperiodic tiling. Here, a ''tiling'' is a covering of two-dimensional space, the plane by non-overlapping polygons or other shapes, and ''aperiodic'' means that shifting any tiling with these shapes by any fin ...
, and is a
facet inside
Kepler-Poinsot star polyhedra and
SchlĂ€fliâHess star polychora, represented by its
SchlÀfli symbol
In geometry, the SchlÀfli symbol is a notation of the form \ that defines regular polytopes and tessellations.
The SchlÀfli symbol is named after the 19th-century Swiss mathematician Ludwig SchlÀfli, who generalized Euclidean geometry to more ...
. A similar figure to the pentagram is a
five-pointed simple
Simple or SIMPLE may refer to:
*Simplicity, the state or quality of being simple
Arts and entertainment
* ''Simple'' (album), by Andy Yorke, 2008, and its title track
* "Simple" (Florida Georgia Line song), 2018
* "Simple", a song by Johnn ...
isotoxal
In geometry, a polytope (for example, a polygon or a polyhedron) or a tiling is isotoxal () or edge-transitive if its symmetries act transitively on its edges. Informally, this means that there is only one type of edge to the object: given two ...
star â without self-intersecting edges. Generally,
star polytopes that are
regular only exist in
dimension
In physics and mathematics, the dimension of a Space (mathematics), mathematical space (or object) is informally defined as the minimum number of coordinates needed to specify any Point (geometry), point within it. Thus, a Line (geometry), lin ...
s 2 ⩜
< 5.
In
graph theory
In mathematics, graph theory is the study of ''graphs'', which are mathematical structures used to model pairwise relations between objects. A graph in this context is made up of '' vertices'' (also called ''nodes'' or ''points'') which are conne ...
, all
graphs
Graph may refer to:
Mathematics
*Graph (discrete mathematics), a structure made of vertices and edges
**Graph theory, the study of such graphs and their properties
*Graph (topology), a topological space resembling a graph in the sense of discre ...
with 4 or fewer vertices are
planar, however, there is a graph with 5 vertices that is not: ''K''
5, the
complete graph with 5 vertices, where every pair of distinct vertices in a pentagon is joined by unique edges belonging to a pentagram. By
Kuratowski's theorem
In graph theory, Kuratowski's theorem is a mathematical forbidden graph characterization of planar graphs, named after Kazimierz Kuratowski. It states that a finite graph is planar if and only if it does not contain a subgraph that is a subdivi ...
, a finite graph is planar
iff
In logic and related fields such as mathematics and philosophy, "if and only if" (shortened as "iff") is a biconditional logical connective between statements, where either both statements are true or both are false.
The connective is bicon ...
it does not contain a subgraph that is a subdivision of ''K''
5, or the complete bipartite
utility graph ''K''
3,3. A similar graph is the
Petersen graph, which is
strongly connected and also
nonplanar. It is most easily described as graph of a pentagram ''embedded'' inside a pentagon, with a total of 5
crossings
Crossings may refer to:
* ''Crossings'' (Buffy novel), a 2002 original novel based on the U.S. television series ''Buffy the Vampire Slayer''
* Crossings (game), a two-player abstract strategy board game invented by Robert Abbott
* ''Crossings'' ...
, a
girth
Girth may refer to:
;Mathematics
* Girth (functional analysis), the length of the shortest centrally symmetric simple closed curve on the unit sphere of a Banach space
* Girth (geometry), the perimeter of a parallel projection of a shape
* Girth ...
of 5, and a
Thue number
In the mathematical area of graph theory, the Thue number of a graph is a variation of the chromatic index, defined by and named after mathematician Axel Thue, who studied the squarefree words used to define this number.
Alon et al. define a ''no ...
of 5. The Petersen graph, which is also a
distance-regular graph, is one of only 5 known
connected vertex-transitive
In geometry, a polytope (e.g. a polygon or polyhedron) or a tiling is isogonal or vertex-transitive if all its vertices are equivalent under the symmetries of the figure. This implies that each vertex is surrounded by the same kinds of face in ...
graphs with no
Hamiltonian cycles.
[Royle, G]
"Cubic Symmetric Graphs (The Foster Census)."
The
automorphism group of the Petersen graph is the
symmetric group of
order
Order, ORDER or Orders may refer to:
* Categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated, and understood
* Heterarchy, a system of organization wherein the elements have the potential to be ranked a number of d ...
120 = 5!.
The
chromatic number of the plane is at least five, depending on the choice of
set-theoretical axioms: the minimum number of
colors required to color the plane such that no pair of points at a distance of 1 has the same color. Whereas the hexagonal
Golomb graph
In graph theory, the Golomb graph is a polyhedral graph with 10 vertices and 18 edges. It is named after Solomon W. Golomb, who constructed it (with a non-planar embedding) as a unit distance graph that requires four colors in any graph colorin ...
and the regular
hexagonal tiling
In geometry, the hexagonal tiling or hexagonal tessellation is a regular tiling of the Euclidean plane, in which exactly three hexagons meet at each vertex. It has SchlÀfli symbol of or (as a truncated triangular tiling).
English mathemat ...
generate chromatic numbers of 4 and 7, respectively, a chromatic coloring of 5 can be attained under a more complicated graph where multiple four-coloring
Moser spindle
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the Moser spindle (also called the Mosers' spindle or Moser graph) is an undirected graph, named after mathematicians Leo Moser and his brother William, with seven vertices and eleven edges. It is a unit d ...
s are linked so that no monochromatic triples exist in any coloring of the overall graph, as that would generate an equilateral arrangement that tends toward a purely hexagonal
structure
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as ...
.
The
plane
Plane(s) most often refers to:
* Aero- or airplane, a powered, fixed-wing aircraft
* Plane (geometry), a flat, 2-dimensional surface
Plane or planes may also refer to:
Biology
* Plane (tree) or ''Platanus'', wetland native plant
* Planes (gen ...
contains a total of five
Bravais lattice
In geometry and crystallography, a Bravais lattice, named after , is an infinite array of discrete points generated by a set of discrete translation operations described in three dimensional space by
: \mathbf = n_1 \mathbf_1 + n_2 \mathbf_2 + n_ ...
s, or arrays of
points
Point or points may refer to:
Places
* Point, Lewis, a peninsula in the Outer Hebrides, Scotland
* Point, Texas, a city in Rains County, Texas, United States
* Point, the NE tip and a ferry terminal of Lismore, Inner Hebrides, Scotland
* Point ...
defined by discrete
translation
Translation is the communication of the Meaning (linguistic), meaning of a #Source and target languages, source-language text by means of an Dynamic and formal equivalence, equivalent #Source and target languages, target-language text. The ...
operations:
hexagonal
In geometry, a hexagon (from Greek , , meaning "six", and , , meaning "corner, angle") is a six-sided polygon. The total of the internal angles of any simple (non-self-intersecting) hexagon is 720°.
Regular hexagon
A '' regular hexagon'' has ...
,
oblique,
rectangular,
centered rectangular, and
square lattices. The plane can also be tiled
monohedrally with convex
pentagons
In geometry, a pentagon (from the Greek ÏÎÎœÏΔ ''pente'' meaning ''five'' and ÎłÏÎœÎŻÎ± ''gonia'' meaning ''angle'') is any five-sided polygon or 5-gon. The sum of the internal angles in a simple pentagon is 540°.
A pentagon may be simpl ...
in fifteen different ways, three of which have
Laves tiling
This table shows the 11 convex uniform tilings (regular and semiregular) of the Euclidean plane, and their dual tilings.
There are three regular and eight semiregular tilings in the plane. The semiregular tilings form new tilings from their dua ...
s as special cases.
Five points are needed to determine a
conic section
In mathematics, a conic section, quadratic curve or conic is a curve obtained as the intersection of the surface of a cone with a plane. The three types of conic section are the hyperbola, the parabola, and the ellipse; the circle is a specia ...
, in the
same way that two points are needed to determine a line. A
Veronese surface In mathematics, the Veronese surface is an algebraic surface in five-dimensional projective space, and is realized by the Veronese embedding, the embedding of the projective plane given by the complete linear system of conics. It is named after Giu ...
in the
projective plane of a conic generalizes a
linear
Linearity is the property of a mathematical relationship (''function'') that can be graphically represented as a straight line. Linearity is closely related to '' proportionality''. Examples in physics include rectilinear motion, the linear r ...
condition for a point to be contained inside a conic.
There are
Platonic solids in
three-dimensional space
Three-dimensional space (also: 3D space, 3-space or, rarely, tri-dimensional space) is a geometric setting in which three values (called ''parameters'') are required to determine the position (geometry), position of an element (i.e., Point (m ...
: the tetrahedron, cube, octahedron, dodecahedron, and icosahedron. The
dodecahedron in particular contains
pentagonal faces, while the
icosahedron
In geometry, an icosahedron ( or ) is a polyhedron with 20 faces. The name comes and . The plural can be either "icosahedra" () or "icosahedrons".
There are infinitely many non- similar shapes of icosahedra, some of them being more symmetrica ...
, its
dual polyhedron
In geometry, every polyhedron is associated with a second dual structure, where the vertices of one correspond to the faces of the other, and the edges between pairs of vertices of one correspond to the edges between pairs of faces of the other. ...
, has a
vertex figure
In geometry, a vertex figure, broadly speaking, is the figure exposed when a corner of a polyhedron or polytope is sliced off.
Definitions
Take some corner or Vertex (geometry), vertex of a polyhedron. Mark a point somewhere along each connect ...
that is a regular pentagon. There are also
:
â
Regular polyhedron compounds: the
stella octangula, compound of five tetrahedra, compound of five cubes, compound of five octahedra, and compound of ten tetrahedra.
Icosahedral symmetry is
isomorphic
In mathematics, an isomorphism is a structure-preserving mapping between two structures of the same type that can be reversed by an inverse mapping. Two mathematical structures are isomorphic if an isomorphism exists between them. The word is ...
to the
alternating group on 5 letters
of order
120, realized by actions on these uniform polyhedron compounds.
â
Space-filling convex polyhedra
A convex polytope is a special case of a polytope, having the additional property that it is also a convex set contained in the n-dimensional Euclidean space \mathbb^n. Most texts. use the term "polytope" for a bounded convex polytope, and the wo ...
: the triangular prism,
hexagonal prism, cube, truncated octahedron, and
gyrobifastigium
In geometry, the gyrobifastigium is the 26th Johnson solid (). It can be constructed by joining two face-regular triangular prisms along corresponding square faces, giving a quarter-turn to one prism. It is the only Johnson solid that can tile ...
. While the cube is the only Platonic solid that can tessellate space on its own, the truncated octahedron and the gyrobifastigium are the only
Archimedean and
Johnson solid
In geometry, a Johnson solid is a strictly convex polyhedron each face of which is a regular polygon. There is no requirement that isohedral, each face must be the same polygon, or that the same polygons join around each Vertex (geometry), ver ...
s, respectively, that can also tessellate space with their own copies.
â
Cell-transitive parallelohedra: any
parallelepiped
In geometry, a parallelepiped is a three-dimensional figure formed by six parallelograms (the term ''rhomboid'' is also sometimes used with this meaning). By analogy, it relates to a parallelogram just as a cube relates to a square. In Euclidea ...
, as well as the
rhombic dodecahedron and
elongated dodecahedron, and the hexagonal prism and truncated octahedron. The cube is a special case of a parallelepiped, with the rhombic dodecahedron the only
Catalan solid
In mathematics, a Catalan solid, or Archimedean dual, is a dual polyhedron to an Archimedean solid. There are 13 Catalan solids. They are named for the Belgian mathematician EugĂšne Catalan, who first described them in 1865.
The Catalan sol ...
to tessellate space on its own.
â
Regular abstract polyhedra, which include the
excavated dodecahedron
In geometry, the excavated dodecahedron is a star polyhedron that looks like a dodecahedron with concave pentagonal pyramids in place of its faces. Its exterior surface represents the Ef1g1 stellation of the icosahedron. It appears in Magnus We ...
and the
dodecadodecahedron. They have combinatorial symmetries transitive on
flags of their elements, with
topologies equivalent to that of
toroids and the ability to tile the
hyperbolic plane
In mathematics, hyperbolic geometry (also called Lobachevskian geometry or Bolyaiâ Lobachevskian geometry) is a non-Euclidean geometry. The parallel postulate of Euclidean geometry is replaced with:
:For any given line ''R'' and point ''P'' ...
.
The
5-cell
In geometry, the 5-cell is the convex 4-polytope with SchlÀfli symbol . It is a 5-vertex four-dimensional object bounded by five tetrahedral cells. It is also known as a C5, pentachoron, pentatope, pentahedroid, or tetrahedral pyramid. It i ...
, or pentatope, is the self-dual fourth-dimensional analogue of the
tetrahedron
In geometry, a tetrahedron (plural: tetrahedra or tetrahedrons), also known as a triangular pyramid, is a polyhedron composed of four triangular faces, six straight edges, and four vertex corners. The tetrahedron is the simplest of all the o ...
, with
Coxeter group symmetry
of order
120 = 5
! and
group structure
In the social sciences, a social group can be defined as two or more people who interact with one another, share similar characteristics, and collectively have a sense of unity. Regardless, social groups come in a myriad of sizes and varieties ...
. Made of five tetrahedra, its
Petrie polygon is a
regular pentagon and its
orthographic projection
Orthographic projection (also orthogonal projection and analemma) is a means of representing Three-dimensional space, three-dimensional objects in Two-dimensional space, two dimensions. Orthographic projection is a form of parallel projection in ...
is equivalent to the
complete graph ''K''
5. It is one of six
regular 4-polytopes
In mathematics, a regular 4-polytope is a regular four-dimensional polytope. They are the four-dimensional analogues of the regular polyhedra in three dimensions and the regular polygons in two dimensions.
There are six convex and ten star re ...
, made of thirty-one
elements: five
vertices, ten
edges
Edge or EDGE may refer to:
Technology Computing
* Edge computing, a network load-balancing system
* Edge device, an entry point to a computer network
* Adobe Edge, a graphical development application
* Microsoft Edge, a web browser developed by ...
, ten
faces, five
tetrahedral cells and one
4-face
In solid geometry, a face is a flat surface (a planar region) that forms part of the boundary of a solid object; a three-dimensional solid bounded exclusively by faces is a ''polyhedron''.
In more technical treatments of the geometry of polyhedra ...
.
*A
regular 120-cell, the dual ''polychoron'' to the regular
600-cell, can fit one hundred and twenty 5-cells. Also, five
24-cell
In geometry, the 24-cell is the convex regular 4-polytope (four-dimensional analogue of a Platonic solid) with SchlÀfli symbol . It is also called C24, or the icositetrachoron, octaplex (short for "octahedral complex"), icosatetrahedroid, oct ...
s fit inside a
small stellated 120-cell, the first
stellation
In geometry, stellation is the process of extending a polygon in two dimensions, polyhedron in three dimensions, or, in general, a polytope in ''n'' dimensions to form a new figure. Starting with an original figure, the process extends specific el ...
of the 120-cell.
*A subset of the vertices of the small stellated 120-cell are matched by the
great duoantiprism star, which is the only
uniform
A uniform is a variety of clothing worn by members of an organization while participating in that organization's activity. Modern uniforms are most often worn by armed forces and paramilitary organizations such as police, emergency services, se ...
nonconvex
''duoantiprismatic'' solution in the fourth dimension, constructed from the
polytope cartesian product
In mathematics, specifically set theory, the Cartesian product of two sets ''A'' and ''B'', denoted ''A''Ă''B'', is the set of all ordered pairs where ''a'' is in ''A'' and ''b'' is in ''B''. In terms of set-builder notation, that is
: A\ti ...
and made of fifty
tetrahedra
In geometry, a tetrahedron (plural: tetrahedra or tetrahedrons), also known as a triangular pyramid, is a polyhedron composed of four triangular faces, six straight edges, and four vertex corners. The tetrahedron is the simplest of all the o ...
, ten
pentagrammic crossed antiprism
In geometry, the pentagrammic crossed-antiprism is one in an infinite set of nonconvex antiprisms formed by triangle sides and two regular star polygon caps, in this case two pentagrams.
It differs from the pentagrammic antiprism by having oppo ...
s, ten
pentagonal antiprisms, and fifty vertices.
*The
grand antiprism, which is the only known
non-Wythoffian construction of a uniform polychoron, is made of twenty pentagonal antiprisms and three hundred tetrahedra, with a total of one hundred vertices and five hundred edges.
*The
abstract four-dimensional
57-cell
In mathematics, the 57-cell (pentacontakaiheptachoron) is a self-dual abstract regular 4-polytope ( four-dimensional polytope). Its 57 cells are hemi-dodecahedra. It also has 57 vertices, 171 edges and 171 two-dimensional faces.
The symmetry or ...
is made of fifty-seven
hemi-icosahedral cells, in-which five surround each edge. The
11-cell
In mathematics, the 11-cell (or hendecachoron) is a self-dual abstract regular 4-polytope ( four-dimensional polytope). Its 11 cells are hemi-icosahedral. It has 11 vertices, 55 edges and 55 faces. It has SchlÀfli symbol , with 3 hemi-icosahedr ...
, another abstract 4-polytope with eleven vertices and fifty-five edges, is made of eleven
hemi-dodecahedral cells each with fifteen dodecahedra. The
skeleton
A skeleton is the structural frame that supports the body of an animal. There are several types of skeletons, including the exoskeleton, which is the stable outer shell of an organism, the endoskeleton, which forms the support structure inside ...
of the hemi-dodecahedron is the
Petersen graph.
Overall, the fourth dimension contains five
Weyl group
In mathematics, in particular the theory of Lie algebras, the Weyl group (named after Hermann Weyl) of a root system Ί is a subgroup of the isometry group of that root system. Specifically, it is the subgroup which is generated by reflections th ...
s that form a finite number of
uniform polychora
In geometry, a uniform 4-polytope (or uniform polychoron) is a 4-dimensional polytope which is vertex-transitive and whose cells are uniform polyhedra, and faces are regular polygons.
There are 47 non-prismatic convex uniform 4-polytopes. There ...
:
,
,
,
, and
, with four of these Coxeter groups capable of generating the same finite forms without
; accompanied by a fifth or sixth general group of unique
4-prisms of Platonic and Archimedean solids. There are also a total of five
Coxeter groups that generate non-prismatic
Eucledian honeycombs in 4-space, alongside five
compact hyperbolic Coxeter groups that generate five regular
compact hyperbolic honeycombs with finite
facets, as with the
order-5 5-cell honeycomb
In the geometry of hyperbolic 4-space, the order-5 5-cell honeycomb is one of five compact regular space-filling tessellations (or honeycombs). With SchlÀfli symbol , it has five 5-cells around each face. Its dual is the 120-cell honeycomb, . ...
and the
order-5 120-cell honeycomb
In the geometry of hyperbolic 4-space, the order-5 120-cell honeycomb is one of five compact regular space-filling tessellations (or honeycombs). With SchlÀfli symbol , it has five 120-cells around each face. It is self- dual. It also has 600 1 ...
, both of which have five cells around each face. Compact hyperbolic honeycombs only exist through the fourth dimension, or
rank 5, with
paracompact hyperbolic solutions existing through rank 10. Likewise, analogues of three-dimensional
icosahedral symmetry or four-dimensional
symmetry do not exist in dimensions ''n'' â©Ÿ 5; however, there is the
uniform
A uniform is a variety of clothing worn by members of an organization while participating in that organization's activity. Modern uniforms are most often worn by armed forces and paramilitary organizations such as police, emergency services, se ...
prismatic group Ă
in the fifth dimension which contains
prisms of regular and uniform
4-polytopes
In geometry, a 4-polytope (sometimes also called a polychoron, polycell, or polyhedroid) is a four-dimensional polytope. It is a connected and closed figure, composed of lower-dimensional polytopal elements: vertices, edges, faces (polygons), an ...
that have
symmetry.
The
5-simplex
In five-dimensional geometry, a 5-simplex is a self-dual regular 5-polytope. It has six vertices, 15 edges, 20 triangle faces, 15 tetrahedral cells, and 6 5-cell facets. It has a dihedral angle of cosâ1(), or approximately 78.46°.
The 5-s ...
is the
five-dimensional
A five-dimensional space is a space with five dimensions. In mathematics, a sequence of ''N'' numbers can represent a location in an ''N''-dimensional space. If interpreted physically, that is one more than the usual three spatial dimensions a ...
analogue of the 5-cell, or 4-simplex; the fifth iteration of
-
simplex
In geometry, a simplex (plural: simplexes or simplices) is a generalization of the notion of a triangle or tetrahedron to arbitrary dimensions. The simplex is so-named because it represents the simplest possible polytope in any given dimension. ...
es in any
dimensions. The 5-simplex has the Coxeter group
as its symmetry group, of order 720 = 6
!, whose group structure is represented by the symmetric group
, the only finite symmetric group which has an
outer automorphism. The
5-cube
In five-dimensional geometry, a 5-cube is a name for a five-dimensional hypercube with 32 vertices, 80 edges, 80 square faces, 40 cubic cells, and 10 tesseract 4-faces.
It is represented by SchlÀfli symbol or , constructed as 3 tesseracts, ...
, made of ten
tesseracts and the 5-cell as its vertex figure, is also regular and one of thirty-one
uniform 5-polytope
In geometry, a uniform 5-polytope is a five-dimensional uniform polytope. By definition, a uniform 5-polytope is vertex-transitive and constructed from uniform 4-polytope Facet (geometry), facets.
The complete set of convex uniform 5-polytopes ...
s under the Coxeter
hypercubic group. The
demipenteract
In five-dimensional geometry, a demipenteract or 5-demicube is a semiregular 5-polytope, constructed from a ''5-hypercube'' (penteract) with alternated vertices removed.
It was discovered by Thorold Gosset. Since it was the only semiregular 5- ...
, with one hundred and twenty
cells
Cell most often refers to:
* Cell (biology), the functional basic unit of life
Cell may also refer to:
Locations
* Monastic cell, a small room, hut, or cave in which a religious recluse lives, alternatively the small precursor of a monastery w ...
, is the only fifth-dimensional
semiregular polytope, and has the
rectified 5-cell as its vertex figure, which is one of only three semiregular 4-polytopes alongside the
rectified 600-cell and the
snub 24-cell
In geometry, the snub 24-cell or snub disicositetrachoron is a convex uniform 4-polytope composed of 120 regular tetrahedral and 24 icosahedral cells. Five tetrahedra and three icosahedra meet at each vertex. In total it has 480 triangular face ...
. In the fifth dimension, there are five regular paracompact honeycombs, all with
infinite facets and
vertex figure
In geometry, a vertex figure, broadly speaking, is the figure exposed when a corner of a polyhedron or polytope is sliced off.
Definitions
Take some corner or Vertex (geometry), vertex of a polyhedron. Mark a point somewhere along each connect ...
s. There are exclusively twelve
complex aperiotopes in
complex spaces of dimensions
â©Ÿ
, with fifteen in
and sixteen in
; alongside
complex polytopes in
and higher under
simplex
In geometry, a simplex (plural: simplexes or simplices) is a generalization of the notion of a triangle or tetrahedron to arbitrary dimensions. The simplex is so-named because it represents the simplest possible polytope in any given dimension. ...
,
hypercubic
In geometry, a hypercube is an ''n''-dimensional analogue of a square () and a cube (). It is a closed, compact, convex figure whose 1-skeleton consists of groups of opposite parallel line segments aligned in each of the space's dimensions, perp ...
and
orthoplex groups, the latter with
van Oss polytopes.
There are five
exceptional Lie groups
In mathematics, a simple Lie group is a connected non-abelian Lie group ''G'' which does not have nontrivial connected normal subgroups. The list of simple Lie groups can be used to read off the list of simple Lie algebras and Riemannian symm ...
:
,
,
,
, and
. The
smallest of these,
, can be represented in five-dimensional complex space and
projected
Projected is an American rock supergroup consisting of Sevendust members John Connolly and Vinnie Hornsby, Alter Bridge and Creed drummer Scott Phillips, and former Submersed and current Tremonti guitarist Eric Friedman. The band released thei ...
in the same number of dimensions as a
ball
A ball is a round object (usually spherical, but can sometimes be ovoid) with several uses. It is used in ball games, where the play of the game follows the state of the ball as it is hit, kicked or thrown by players. Balls can also be used f ...
rolling on top of another ball, whose
motion
In physics, motion is the phenomenon in which an object changes its position with respect to time. Motion is mathematically described in terms of displacement, distance, velocity, acceleration, speed and frame of reference to an observer and mea ...
is described in two-dimensional space.
, the largest of all five exceptional groups, also contains the other four as
subgroups and is constructed with one hundred and twenty quaternionic
unit icosians that make up the vertices of the
600-cell. There are also five
solvable groups that are excluded from
finite simple group
Finite is the opposite of infinite. It may refer to:
* Finite number (disambiguation)
* Finite set, a set whose cardinality (number of elements) is some natural number
* Finite verb, a verb form that has a subject, usually being inflected or marked ...
s of
Lie type.
The five
Mathieu groups
In group theory, a topic in abstract algebra, the Mathieu groups are the five sporadic simple groups ''M''11, ''M''12, ''M''22, ''M''23 and ''M''24 introduced by . They are multiply transitive permutation groups on 11, 12, 22, 23 or 24 object ...
constitute the
first generation in the
happy family of
sporadic groups
In mathematics, a sporadic group is one of the 26 exceptional groups found in the classification of finite simple groups.
A simple group is a group ''G'' that does not have any normal subgroups except for the trivial group and ''G'' itself. The ...
. These are also the first five sporadic groups
to have been described, defined as
multiply transitive permutation groups on
objects
Object may refer to:
General meanings
* Object (philosophy), a thing, being, or concept
** Object (abstract), an object which does not exist at any particular time or place
** Physical object, an identifiable collection of matter
* Goal, an ...
, with
â . In particular,
, the smallest of all sporadic groups, has a
rank 3 action on fifty-five points from an
induced action on
unordered pair In mathematics, an unordered pair or pair set is a set of the form , i.e. a set having two elements ''a'' and ''b'' with no particular relation between them, where = . In contrast, an ordered pair (''a'', ''b'') has ''a'' as its first ele ...
s, as well as two
five-dimensional
A five-dimensional space is a space with five dimensions. In mathematics, a sequence of ''N'' numbers can represent a location in an ''N''-dimensional space. If interpreted physically, that is one more than the usual three spatial dimensions a ...
faithful complex irreducible representations over the
field
Field may refer to:
Expanses of open ground
* Field (agriculture), an area of land used for agricultural purposes
* Airfield, an aerodrome that lacks the infrastructure of an airport
* Battlefield
* Lawn, an area of mowed grass
* Meadow, a grass ...
with three elements, which is the lowest irreducible dimensional representation of all sporadic group over their respective fields with ''n'' elements. Of precisely five different
conjugacy classes of
maximal subgroup
In mathematics, the term maximal subgroup is used to mean slightly different things in different areas of algebra.
In group theory, a maximal subgroup ''H'' of a group ''G'' is a proper subgroup, such that no proper subgroup ''K'' contains ''H'' s ...
s of
, one is the
almost simple symmetric group
(of order 5
!), and another is
, also almost simple, that functions as a
point stabilizer
In mathematics, a group action on a space is a group homomorphism of a given group into the group of transformations of the space. Similarly, a group action on a mathematical structure is a group homomorphism of a group into the automorphism g ...
which has
as its largest
prime factor
A prime number (or a prime) is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a product of two smaller natural numbers. A natural number greater than 1 that is not prime is called a composite number. For example, 5 is prime because the only ways ...
in its
group order
In mathematics, the order of a finite group is the number of its elements. If a group is not finite, one says that its order is ''infinite''. The ''order'' of an element of a group (also called period length or period) is the order of the subgr ...
: 2
4·3
2·5 = 2·3·4·5·6 = 8·9·10 = 720. On the other hand, whereas
is sharply 4-transitive,
is
sharply 5-transitive and
is 5-transitive, and as such they are the only two 5-transitive groups that are not
symmetric groups or
alternating groups.
has the first five prime numbers as its distinct prime factors in its order of
27·
32·5·
7·
11, and is the smallest of five sporadic groups with five distinct prime factors in their order. All Mathieu groups are subgroups of
, which under the
Witt design of
Steiner system S(5, 8, 24) emerges a construction of the
extended binary Golay code that has
as its
automorphism group.
generates ''octads'' from
code words of
Hamming weight 8 from the extended binary Golay code, one of five different Hamming weights the extended binary Golay code uses:
0,
8,
12,
16, and
24. The Witt design and the extended binary Golay code in turn can be used to generate a faithful construction of the 24-dimensional
Leech lattice Î
24, which is the subject of the
second generation of seven sporadic groups that are
subquotient In the mathematical fields of category theory and abstract algebra, a subquotient is a quotient object of a subobject. Subquotients are particularly important in abelian categories, and in group theory, where they are also known as sections, thou ...
s of the automorphism of the Leech lattice,
Conway group .
There are five
non-supersingular primes:
37,
43,
53,
61, and
67, all smaller than the largest of fifteen supersingular
prime divisors of the
friendly giant
''The Friendly Giant'' was a children's television program that aired on CBC Television from September 30, 1958 through to March 1985. It featured three main characters: a giant named Friendly (played by Bob Homme), who lived in a huge castle, alo ...
,
71.
List of basic calculations
In decimal
5 is the only prime number to end in the digit 5 in
decimal
The decimal numeral system (also called the base-ten positional numeral system and denary or decanary) is the standard system for denoting integer and non-integer numbers. It is the extension to non-integer numbers of the HinduâArabic numeral ...
because all other numbers written with a 5 in the
ones place
A numerical digit (often shortened to just digit) is a single symbol used alone (such as "2") or in combinations (such as "25"), to represent numbers in a Positional notation, positional numeral system. The name "digit" comes from the fact that t ...
are multiples of five, which makes it a 1-
automorphic number
In mathematics, an automorphic number (sometimes referred to as a circular number) is a natural number in a given number base b whose square "ends" in the same digits as the number itself.
Definition and properties
Given a number base b, a natura ...
.
All multiples of 5 will end in either 5 or , and
vulgar fractions with 5 or in the
denominator do not yield infinite
decimal
The decimal numeral system (also called the base-ten positional numeral system and denary or decanary) is the standard system for denoting integer and non-integer numbers. It is the extension to non-integer numbers of the HinduâArabic numeral ...
expansions because they are prime factors of
10, the base.
In the
powers
Powers may refer to:
Arts and media
* ''Powers'' (comics), a comic book series by Brian Michael Bendis and Michael Avon Oeming
** ''Powers'' (American TV series), a 2015â2016 series based on the comics
* ''Powers'' (British TV series), a 200 ...
of 5, every power ends with the number five, and from 5
3 onward, if the exponent is
odd
Odd means unpaired, occasional, strange or unusual, or a person who is viewed as eccentric.
Odd may also refer to:
Acronym
* ODD (Text Encoding Initiative) ("One Document Does it all"), an abstracted literate-programming format for describing X ...
, then the hundreds digit is
1, and if it is even, the hundreds digit is
6.
A number
raised to the fifth power always ends in the same digit as
.
Evolution of the Arabic digit
The evolution of the modern Western digit for the numeral 5 cannot be traced back to the
Indian system
In the game of chess, Indian Defence or Indian Game is a broad term for a group of openings characterised by the moves:
:1. d4 Nf6
They are all to varying degrees hypermodern defences, where Black invites White to establish an imposing presenc ...
, as for the digits 1 to 4. The
Kushana
The Kushan Empire ( grc, ÎαÏÎčλΔία ÎÎżÏÏÎ±Îœáż¶Îœ; xbc, ÎÏ
ÏžÎ±ÎœÎż, ; sa, à€à„à€·à€Ÿà€Ł à€”à€à€¶; Brahmi: , '; BHS: ; xpr, đđ
đđ đđđđ, ; zh, èČŽé ) was a syncretic empire, formed by the Yuezhi, i ...
and
Gupta
Gupta () is a common surname or last name of Indian origin. It is based on the Sanskrit word à€à„à€Șà„à€€à„ ''goptáč'', which means 'guardian' or 'protector'. According to historian R. C. Majumdar, the surname ''Gupta'' was adopted by se ...
empires in what is now
India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
had among themselves several different forms that bear no resemblance to the modern digit. The
Nagari and
Punjabi
Punjabi, or Panjabi, most often refers to:
* Something of, from, or related to Punjab, a region in India and Pakistan
* Punjabi language
* Punjabi people
* Punjabi dialects and languages
Punjabi may also refer to:
* Punjabi (horse), a British Th ...
took these digits and all came up with forms that were similar to a lowercase "h" rotated 180°. The Ghubar Arabs transformed the digit in several different ways, producing from that were more similar to the digits 4 or 3 than to 5. It was from those digits that Europeans finally came up with the modern 5.
While the shape of the character for the digit 5 has an
ascender in most modern
typeface
A typeface (or font family) is the design of lettering that can include variations in size, weight (e.g. bold), slope (e.g. italic), width (e.g. condensed), and so on. Each of these variations of the typeface is a font.
There are list of type ...
s, in typefaces with
text figures
Text figures (also known as non-lining, lowercase, old style, ranging, hanging, medieval, billing, or antique figures or numerals) are numerals designed with varying heights in a fashion that resembles a typical line of running text, hence the ...
the glyph usually has a
descender
In typography and handwriting, a descender is the portion of a letter that extends below the baseline of a font.
For example, in the letter ''y'', the descender is the "tail", or that portion of the diagonal line which lies below the ''v'' c ...
, as, for example, in .
On the
seven-segment display
A seven-segment display is a form of electronic display device for displaying decimal numerals that is an alternative to the more complex dot matrix displays.
Seven-segment displays are widely used in digital clocks, electronic meters, basic ...
of a calculator, it is represented by five segments at four successive turns from top to bottom, rotating counterclockwise first, then clockwise, and vice-versa.
Science
*The
atomic number
The atomic number or nuclear charge number (symbol ''Z'') of a chemical element is the charge number of an atomic nucleus. For ordinary nuclei, this is equal to the proton number (''n''p) or the number of protons found in the nucleus of every ...
of
boron
Boron is a chemical element with the symbol B and atomic number 5. In its crystalline form it is a brittle, dark, lustrous metalloid; in its amorphous form it is a brown powder. As the lightest element of the ''boron group'' it has th ...
.
*The number of appendages on most
starfish
Starfish or sea stars are star-shaped echinoderms belonging to the class Asteroidea (). Common usage frequently finds these names being also applied to ophiuroids, which are correctly referred to as brittle stars or basket stars. Starfish ...
, which exhibit
pentamerism
Symmetry in biology refers to the symmetry observed in organisms, including plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. External symmetry can be easily seen by just looking at an organism. For example, take the face of a human being which has a pla ...
.
*The most destructive known
hurricanes rate as
Category 5 on the
SaffirâSimpson hurricane wind scale.
*The most destructive known
tornado
A tornado is a violently rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the Earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. It is often referred to as a twister, whirlwind or cyclone, altho ...
es rate an F-5 on the
Fujita scale or EF-5 on the
Enhanced Fujita scale.
Astronomy
*
Messier object M5, a magnitude 7.0
globular cluster in the constellation
Serpens.
*The
New General Catalogue
The ''New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars'' (abbreviated NGC) is an astronomical catalogue of deep-sky objects compiled by John Louis Emil Dreyer in 1888. The NGC contains 7,840 objects, including galaxies, star clusters and ...
br>
objectNGC 5
NGC commonly refers to:
* New General Catalogue of Nebulae and Clusters of Stars, a catalogue of deep sky objects in astronomy
NGC may also refer to:
Companies
* NGC Corporation, name of US electric company Dynegy, Inc. from 1995 to 1998
* Nati ...
, a
magnitude 13
spiral galaxy
Spiral galaxies form a class of galaxy originally described by Edwin Hubble in his 1936 work ''The Realm of the Nebulae''[constellation
A constellation is an area on the celestial sphere in which a group of visible stars forms Asterism (astronomy), a perceived pattern or outline, typically representing an animal, mythological subject, or inanimate object.
The origins of the e ...]
Andromeda.
*The Roman numeral V stands for dwarfs (
main sequence
In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appears on plots of stellar color versus brightness. These color-magnitude plots are known as HertzsprungâRussell diagrams after their co-developers, Ejnar Her ...
stars) in the
Yerkes spectral classification scheme
In astronomy, stellar classification is the classification of stars based on their stellar spectrum, spectral characteristics. Electromagnetic radiation from the star is analyzed by splitting it with a Prism (optics), prism or diffraction grati ...
.
*The Roman numeral V (usually) stands for the fifth-discovered satellite of a planet or minor planet (e.g.
Jupiter V).
*There are five
Lagrangian point
In celestial mechanics, the Lagrange points (; also Lagrangian points or libration points) are points of equilibrium for small-mass objects under the influence of two massive orbiting bodies. Mathematically, this involves the solution of th ...
s in a two-body system.
Biology
*There are generally considered to be
five senses
A sense is a biological system used by an organism for sensation, the process of gathering information about the world through the detection of stimuli. (For example, in the human body, the brain which is part of the central nervous system rec ...
.
*The five basic
taste
The gustatory system or sense of taste is the sensory system that is partially responsible for the perception of taste (flavor). Taste is the perception produced or stimulated when a substance in the mouth reacts chemically with taste receptor ...
s are
sweet,
salty,
sour,
bitter
Bitter may refer to:
Common uses
* Resentment, negative emotion or attitude, similar to being jaded, cynical or otherwise negatively affected by experience
* Bitter (taste), one of the five basic tastes
Books
* '' Bitter (novel)'', a 2022 nove ...
, and
umami.
*Almost all amphibians, reptiles, and mammals which have fingers or toes have five of them on each extremity.
Computing
*5 is the
ASCII
ASCII ( ), abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication. ASCII codes represent text in computers, telecommunications equipment, and other devices. Because of ...
code of the
Enquiry character, which is abbreviated to ENQ.
Religion and culture
Hinduism
*The god
Shiva
Shiva (; sa, à€¶à€żà€”, lit=The Auspicious One, Ćiva ), also known as Mahadeva (; ÉÉŠaËdÌȘeËÊÉ, or Hara, is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is the Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions within Hindu ...
has five faces and his mantra is also called (five-worded) mantra.
*The goddess
Saraswati
Saraswati ( sa, à€žà€°à€žà„à€”à€€à„, ) is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, art, speech, wisdom, and learning. She is one of the Tridevi, along with the goddesses Lakshmi and Parvati.
The earliest known mention of Saraswati as a go ...
, goddess of knowledge and intellectual is associated with or the number 5.
*There are
five elements in the universe according to
Hindu cosmology
Hindu cosmology is the description of the universe and its states of matter, cycles within time, physical structure, and effects on living entities according to Hindu texts. Hindu cosmology is also intertwined with the idea of a creator who allo ...
: (earth, fire, water, air and space respectively).
*The most sacred tree in Hinduism has 5 leaves in every leaf stunt.
*Most of the flowers have 5 petals in them.
*The epic
Mahabharata
The ''MahÄbhÄrata'' ( ; sa, à€źà€čà€Ÿà€à€Ÿà€°à€€à€źà„, ', ) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India in Hinduism, the other being the ''RÄmÄyaáča''. It narrates the struggle between two groups of cousins in the Kuruk ...
revolves around the battle between
Duryodhana
Duryodhana ( sa, à€Šà„à€°à„à€Żà„à€§à€š, ) also known as Suyodhana, is the primary antagonist in the Hindu epic ''Mahabharata.'' He was the eldest of the Kauravas, the hundred sons of the blind king Dhritarashtra and his queen Gandhari. Being ...
and his 99 other brothers and the 5
pandava
The Pandavas (Sanskrit: à€Șà€Ÿà€Łà„à€Ąà€”, IAST: PÄáčážava) refers to the five legendary brothersâ Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadevaâwho are the central characters of the Hindu epic ''Mahabharata''. They are acknowledg ...
princesâ
Dharma
Dharma (; sa, à€§à€°à„à€ź, dharma, ; pi, dhamma, italic=yes) is a key concept with multiple meanings in Indian religions, such as Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism and others. Although there is no direct single-word translation for '' ...
,
Arjuna
Arjuna (Sanskrit: à€
à€°à„à€à„à€š, ), also known as Partha and Dhananjaya, is a character in several ancient Hindu texts, and specifically one of the major characters of the Indian epic Mahabharata. In the epic, he is the third among Panda ...
,
Bhima
In Hindu epic Mahabharata, Bhima ( sa, à€à„à€ź, ) is the second among the five Pandavas. The ''Mahabharata'' relates many events that portray the might of Bhima. Bhima was born when Vayu, the wind god, granted a son to Kunti and Pandu. Af ...
,
Nakula
In the Hindu epic Mahabharata, ''Nakula'' (Sanskrit: à€šà€à„à€Č) was fourth of the five Pandava brothers. Nakula and Sahadeva were twins blessed to Madri, by Ashwini Kumaras, the divine physicians. Their parents Pandu and Madri - died earl ...
and
Sahadeva
Sahadeva (Sanskrit: à€žà€čà€Šà„à€”) was the youngest of the Pandava brothers, the five principal protagonists of the epic ''Mahabharata''. He and his twin brother, Nakula, were blessed to King Pandu and Queen Madri by invoking the twin gods Ash ...
.
Christianity
*There are traditionally
five wounds
In Catholic Church, Catholic Catholic devotions, tradition, the Five Holy Wounds, also known as the Five Sacred Wounds or the Five Precious Wounds, are the five piercing wounds that Jesus Christ suffered during his Crucifixion of Jesus, crucifixi ...
of
Jesus Christ
Jesus, likely from he, ŚÖ”Ś©ŚŚÖŒŚąÖ·, translit=YÄĆĄĆ«aÊż, label=Hebrew/Aramaic ( AD 30 or 33), also referred to as Jesus Christ or Jesus of Nazareth (among other names and titles), was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious ...
in
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. It is the world's largest and most widespread religion with roughly 2.38 billion followers representing one-third of the global pop ...
: the
Scourging at the Pillar,
the Crowning with Thorns, the wounds in Christ's hands, the wounds in Christ's feet, and the
Side Wound of Christ.
Gnosticism
*The number five was an important symbolic number in
Manichaeism
Manichaeism (;
in New Persian ; ) is a former major religionR. van den Broek, Wouter J. Hanegraaff ''Gnosis and Hermeticism from Antiquity to Modern Times''SUNY Press, 1998 p. 37 founded in the 3rd century AD by the Parthian Empire, Parthian ...
, with heavenly beings, concepts, and others often grouped in sets of five.
*
Five Seals in
Sethianism
*
Five Trees
"Five Trees" in Paradise is a mysterious allegory or concept from famous Coptic language, Coptic Gospel of Thomas NHC 2: (gnostic library from Nag Hammadi in Egypt) 19th saying/logia of Jesus and other sources of religious mythology.
Blatz Transl ...
in the
Gospel of Thomas
Islam
*The
Five Pillars of Islam
*
Muslim
Muslims ( ar, ۧÙÙ
ŰłÙÙ
ÙÙ, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
s pray to
Allah
Allah (; ar, ۧÙÙÙ, translit=AllÄh, ) is the common Arabic word for God. In the English language, the word generally refers to God in Islam. The word is thought to be derived by contraction from '' al- ilÄh'', which means "the god", an ...
five times a day
*According to Shia Muslims, the
Panjetan or the Five Holy Purified Ones are the members of
Muhammad
Muhammad ( ar, Ù
ÙŰÙÙ
ÙÙŰŻ; 570 â 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...
's family:
Muhammad
Muhammad ( ar, Ù
ÙŰÙÙ
ÙÙŰŻ; 570 â 8 June 632 Common Era, CE) was an Arab religious, social, and political leader and the founder of Islam. According to Muhammad in Islam, Islamic doctrine, he was a prophet Divine inspiration, di ...
,
Ali
ÊżAlÄ« ibn AbÄ« áčŹÄlib ( ar, ŰčÙÙÙÙÙ ŰšÙÙ ŰŁÙŰšÙÙ Ű·ÙۧÙÙŰš; 600 â 661 CE) was the last of four Rightly Guided Caliphs to rule Islam (r. 656 â 661) immediately after the death of Muhammad, and he was the first Shia Imam. ...
,
Fatimah,
Hasan, and
Husayn and are often symbolically represented by an image of the
Khamsa Khamsa (Arabic, lit. "five") may refer to:
* Hamsa, a popular amulet in the Middle East and North Africa, also romanized as ''khamsa''
* Al Khamsa, a bloodline for Arabian horses that traces back to five mares
* Al Khamsa (organization), a nonprofi ...
.
Judaism
*The
Torah
The Torah (; hbo, ''TĆrÄ'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the s ...
contains five booksâ
Genesis
Genesis may refer to:
Bible
* Book of Genesis, the first book of the biblical scriptures of both Judaism and Christianity, describing the creation of the Earth and of mankind
* Genesis creation narrative, the first several chapters of the Book of ...
,
Exodus
Exodus or the Exodus may refer to:
Religion
* Book of Exodus, second book of the Hebrew Torah and the Christian Bible
* The Exodus, the biblical story of the migration of the ancient Israelites from Egypt into Canaan
Historical events
* Ex ...
,
Leviticus,
Numbers, and
Deuteronomy
Deuteronomy ( grc, ÎΔÏ
ÏΔÏÎżÎœÏÎŒÎčÎżÎœ, DeuteronĂłmion, second law) is the fifth and last book of the Torah (in Judaism), where it is called (Hebrew: hbo, , DÉážÄrÄ«m, hewords Moses.html"_;"title="f_Moses">f_Moseslabel=none)_and_th ...
âwhich are collectively called the Five Books of
Moses
Moses hbo, ŚÖ茩ֶŚŚ, MĆĆĄe; also known as Moshe or Moshe Rabbeinu (Mishnaic Hebrew: ŚÖ茩ֶŚŚ ŚšÖ·ŚÖ”ÖŒŚŚ ŚÖŒ, ); syr, ÜĄÜÜ«Ü, MĆ«ĆĄe; ar, Ù
ÙŰłÙ, MĆ«sÄ; grc, MÏÏÏáżÏ, MĆĂżsÄs () is considered the most important pro ...
, the Pentateuch (
Greek for "five containers", referring to the scroll cases in which the books were kept), or
Humash (,
Hebrew
Hebrew (; ; ) is a Northwest Semitic language of the Afroasiatic language family. Historically, it is one of the spoken languages of the Israelites and their longest-surviving descendants, the Jews and Samaritans. It was largely preserved ...
for "fifth").
*The book of
Psalms
The Book of Psalms ( or ; he, ŚȘÖ°ÖŒŚÖŽŚÖŽÖŒŚŚ, , lit. "praises"), also known as the Psalms, or the Psalter, is the first book of the ("Writings"), the third section of the Tanakh, and a book of the Old Testament. The title is derived ...
is arranged into five books, paralleling the
Five Books of Moses
The Torah (; hbo, ''TĆrÄ'', "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. In that sense, Torah means the sa ...
.
*The
Khamsa Khamsa (Arabic, lit. "five") may refer to:
* Hamsa, a popular amulet in the Middle East and North Africa, also romanized as ''khamsa''
* Al Khamsa, a bloodline for Arabian horses that traces back to five mares
* Al Khamsa (organization), a nonprofi ...
, an ancient symbol shaped like a hand with four fingers and one thumb, is used as a protective amulet by
Jews; that same symbol is also very popular in
Arab
The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, ŰčÙ۱ÙŰšÙÙÙÙ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, ŰčÙ۱ÙŰš, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Western Asia, ...
ic culture, known to protect from envy and the
evil eye.
Sikhism
*The five sacred
Sikh
Sikhs ( or ; pa, àšžàšżà©±àš, ' ) are people who adhere to Sikhism, Sikhism (Sikhi), a Monotheism, monotheistic religion that originated in the late 15th century in the Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, based on the revelation of Gu ...
symbols prescribed by
Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh (; 22 December 1666 â 7 October 1708), born Gobind Das or Gobind Rai the tenth Sikh Guru, a spiritual master, warrior, poet and philosopher. When his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, was executed by Aurangzeb, Guru Gobind Sing ...
are commonly known as or the "
Five Ks" because they start with letter K representing in the
Punjabi language
Punjabi (; ; , ), sometimes spelled Panjabi, is an Indo-Aryan language of the Punjab region of Pakistan and India. It has approximately 113 million native speakers.
Punjabi is the most widely-spoken first language in Pakistan, with 80.5 m ...
's
Gurmukhi script
GurmukhÄ« ( pa, àšà©àš°àšźà©àšà©, , Shahmukhi: ) is an abugida developed from the LaáčážÄ scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504â1552). It is used by Punjabi Sikhs to write the language, commonly re ...
. They are: (unshorn hair), (the comb), (the steel bracelet), (the soldier's shorts), and (the sword) (in Gurmukhi: ). Also, there are five deadly evils: (lust), (anger), (attachment), (greed), and (ego).
Daoism
*
5 Elements
*
5 Emperors
Other religions and cultures
*According to ancient Greek philosophers such as
Aristotle
Aristotle (; grc-gre, áŒÏÎčÏÏÎżÏÎÎ»Î·Ï ''AristotĂ©lÄs'', ; 384â322 BC) was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. Taught by Plato, he was the founder of the Peripatetic school of phil ...
, the universe is made up of five
classical element
Classical elements typically refer to earth, water, air, fire, and (later) aether which were proposed to explain the nature and complexity of all matter in terms of simpler substances. Ancient cultures in Greece, Tibet, and India had simil ...
s:
water
Water (chemical formula ) is an inorganic, transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance, which is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as a ...
,
earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surfa ...
,
air,
fire
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction Product (chemistry), products.
At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition ...
, and
ether
In organic chemistry, ethers are a class of compounds that contain an ether groupâan oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups. They have the general formula , where R and RâČ represent the alkyl or aryl groups. Ethers can again be c ...
. This concept was later adopted by medieval
alchemists
Alchemy (from Arabic: ''al-kÄ«miyÄ''; from Ancient Greek: ÏÏ
ÎŒÎ”ÎŻÎ±, ''khumeĂa'') is an ancient branch of natural philosophy, a philosophical and protoscientific tradition that was historically practiced in China, India, the Muslim world, ...
and more recently by practitioners of
Neo-Pagan
Modern paganism, also known as contemporary paganism and neopaganism, is a term for a religion or family of religions influenced by the various historical pre-Christian beliefs of pre-modern peoples in Europe and adjacent areas of North Afric ...
religions such as
Wicca
Wicca () is a modern Pagan religion. Scholars of religion categorise it as both a new religious movement and as part of the occultist stream of Western esotericism. It was developed in England during the first half of the 20th century and was ...
.
*The
pentagram, or five-pointed star, bears religious significance in various faiths including
BahĂĄÊŒĂ,
Christianity
Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. It is the world's largest and most widespread religion with roughly 2.38 billion followers representing one-third of the global pop ...
,
Freemasonry
Freemasonry or Masonry refers to fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local guilds of stonemasons that, from the end of the 13th century, regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities ...
,
Satanism
Satanism is a group of ideological and philosophical beliefs based on Satan. Contemporary religious practice of Satanism began with the founding of the atheistic Church of Satan by Anton LaVey in the United States in 1966, although a few hi ...
,
Taoism
Taoism (, ) or Daoism () refers to either a school of Philosophy, philosophical thought (é柶; ''daojia'') or to a religion (éæ; ''daojiao''), both of which share ideas and concepts of China, Chinese origin and emphasize living in harmo ...
,
Thelema, and
Wicca
Wicca () is a modern Pagan religion. Scholars of religion categorise it as both a new religious movement and as part of the occultist stream of Western esotericism. It was developed in England during the first half of the 20th century and was ...
.
*In
Cantonese
Cantonese ( zh, t=滣æ±è©±, s=ćčżäžèŻ, first=t, cy=GwĂłngdĆ«ng wĂĄ) is a language within the Chinese (Sinitic) branch of the Sino-Tibetan languages originating from the city of Guangzhou (historically known as Canton) and its surrounding are ...
, "five" sounds like the word "not" (character: ). When five appears in front of a lucky number, e.g. "58", the result is considered unlucky.
*In
East Asia
East Asia is the eastern region of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethno-cultural terms. The modern states of East Asia include China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan. China, North Korea, South Korea and ...
n tradition, there are five elements: (
water
Water (chemical formula ) is an inorganic, transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance, which is the main constituent of Earth's hydrosphere and the fluids of all known living organisms (in which it acts as a ...
,
fire
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction Product (chemistry), products.
At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition ...
,
earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life. While large volumes of water can be found throughout the Solar System, only Earth sustains liquid surface water. About 71% of Earth's surfa ...
,
wood
Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants. It is an organic materiala natural composite of cellulose fibers that are strong in tension and embedded in a matrix of lignin th ...
, and
metal
A metal (from Greek ÎŒÎÏÎ±Î»Î»ÎżÎœ ''mĂ©tallon'', "mine, quarry, metal") is a material that, when freshly prepared, polished, or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well. Metals are typicall ...
). The
Japanese names for the
days of the week
A day is the time period of a full rotation of the Earth with respect to the Sun. On average, this is 24 hours, 1440 minutes, or 86,400 seconds. In everyday life, the word "day" often refers to a solar day, which is the length between two so ...
, Tuesday through
Saturday
Saturday is the day of the week between Friday and Sunday. No later than the 2nd century, the Romans named Saturday ("Saturn's Day") for the planet Saturn, which controlled the first hour of that day, according to Vettius Valens. The day's na ...
, come from these elements via the identification of the elements with the
five planets visible with the naked eye. Also, the traditional Japanese calendar has a five-day weekly cycle that can be still observed in printed mixed calendars combining Western, Chinese-Buddhist, and Japanese names for each weekday.
*In
numerology
Numerology (also known as arithmancy) is the belief in an occult, divine or mystical relationship between a number and one or more coinciding events. It is also the study of the numerical value, via an alphanumeric system, of the letters in ...
, 5 or a series of
555
Year 555 (DLV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 555 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the pr ...
, is often associated with change, evolution, love and abundance.
*Members of
The Nation of Gods and Earths
The Five-Percent Nation, sometimes referred to as the Nation of Gods and Earths (NGE/NOGE) or the Five Percenters, is a Black nationalist movement influenced by Islam that was founded in 1964 in the Harlem section of the borough of Manhattan, N ...
, a primarily African American religious organization, call themselves the "Five-Percenters" because they believe that only 5% of mankind is truly enlightened.
Art, entertainment, and media
Fictional entities
*
James the Red Engine, a fictional character numbered 5.
*
Johnny 5 is the lead character in the film ''Short Circuit'' (1986)
*Number Five is a character in
Lorien Legacies
*Sankara Stones, five magical rocks in ''
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom
''Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom'' is a 1984 American action-adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg. It is the second installment in the ''Indiana Jones'' franchise, and a prequel to the 1981 film ''Raiders of the Lost Ark'', fea ...
'' that are sought by the Thuggees for evil purposes
*The Mach Five , the racing car Speed Racer ( in the Japanese version) drives in the anime series of the same name (known as "Mach Go! Go! Go!" in Japan)
*In the works of
J. R. R. Tolkien
John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (, ; 3 January 1892 â 2 September 1973) was an English writer and philology, philologist. He was the author of the high fantasy works ''The Hobbit'' and ''The Lord of the Rings''.
From 1925 to 1945, Tolkien was ...
, five wizards (
Saruman
Saruman, also called Saruman the White, is a fictional character of J. R. R. Tolkien's fantasy novel ''The Lord of the Rings''. He is leader of the Istari, wizards sent to Middle-earth in human form by the godlike Valar to challenge Sauron, t ...
,
Gandalf,
Radagast,
Alatar and Pallando) are sent to Middle-earth to aid against the threat of the Dark Lord Sauron
*In the ''
A Song of Ice and Fire
''A Song of Ice and Fire'' is a series of epic fantasy novels by the American novelist and screenwriter George R. R. Martin. He began the first volume of the series, ''A Game of Thrones'', in 1991, and it was published in 1996. Martin, who init ...
'' series, the War of the Five Kings is fought between different claimants to the Iron Throne of Westeros, as well as to the thrones of the individual regions of Westeros (
Joffrey Baratheon,
Stannis Baratheon,
Renly Baratheon,
Robb Stark
Robert Stark is a fictional character in the '' A Song of Ice and Fire'' series of epic fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin, and its television adaptation '' Game of Thrones'', where he is portrayed by Scottish actor Richard Mad ...
and
Balon Greyjoy)
*In ''
The Wheel of Time
''The Wheel of Time'' is a series of high fantasy novels by American author Robert Jordan, with Brandon Sanderson as a co-author for the final three novels. Originally planned as a six-book series, ''The Wheel of Time'' spans 14 volumes, in a ...
'' series, the "Emond's Field Five" are a group of five of the series' main characters who all come from the village of Emond's Field (
Rand al'Thor,
Matrim Cauthon
This article serves as an index of major characters in the fictional setting of Robert Jordan's ''The Wheel of Time'' series, with a description of their main roles or feats in the series. ''The Wheel of Time'' has 2787 distinct named characters. ...
,
Perrin Aybara
This article serves as an index of major characters in the fictional setting of Robert Jordan's ''The Wheel of Time'' series, with a description of their main roles or feats in the series. ''The Wheel of Time'' has 2787 distinct named characters. ...
,
Egwene al'Vere and
Nynaeve al'Meara
This article serves as an index of major characters in the fictional setting of Robert Jordan's ''The Wheel of Time'' series, with a description of their main roles or feats in the series. ''The Wheel of Time'' has 2787 distinct named characters. ...
)
*
''Myst'' uses the number 5 as a unique base counting system. In ''
The Myst Reader
''The Myst Reader'' is a collection of three novels based on the ''Myst'' series of adventure games. The collection was published in September 2004 and combines three works previously published separately: ''The Book of Atrus'' (1995), ''The Bo ...
'' series, it is further explained that the number 5 is considered a holy number in the fictional D'ni society.
*Number Five is also a character in The Umbrella Academy comic book and TV series adaptation
Films
*Towards the end of the film ''
Monty Python and the Holy Grail
''Monty Python and the Holy Grail'' is a 1975 British comedy film satirizing the Arthurian legend, written and performed by the Monty Python comedy group (Graham Chapman, John Cleese, Terry Gilliam, Eric Idle, Terry Jones, and Michael Palin) an ...
'' (1975), the character of
King Arthur
King Arthur ( cy, Brenin Arthur, kw, Arthur Gernow, br, Roue Arzhur) is a legendary king of Britain, and a central figure in the medieval literary tradition known as the Matter of Britain.
In the earliest traditions, Arthur appears as a ...
repeatedly confuses the number five with the number
three.
*''
Five Go Mad in Dorset
''Five Go Mad in Dorset'' was the first of three ''Five Go Mad'' specials from the long-running series of '' The Comic Strip Presents...'' television comedy films. It first aired on the launch night of Channel 4 (2 November 1982), and was writ ...
'' (1982) was the first of the long-running series of ''
The Comic Strip Presents...'' television comedy films
*''
The Fifth Element'' (1997), a science fiction film
* ''
Fast Five'' (2011), the fifth installment of the
''Fast and Furious'' film series.
*''
V for Vendetta
''V for Vendetta'' is a British graphic novel written by Alan Moore and illustrated by David Lloyd (with additional art by Tony Weare). Initially published between 1982 and 1985 in black and white as an ongoing serial in the British antholog ...
'' (2005), produced by
Warner Bros.
Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc. (commonly known as Warner Bros. or abbreviated as WB) is an American film and entertainment studio headquartered at the Warner Bros. Studios complex in Burbank, California, and a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Di ...
, directed by
James McTeigue
James McTeigue (born December 29, 1967) is an Australian film and television director. He has been an assistant director on many films, including '' Dark City'' (1998), the ''Matrix'' trilogy (1999â2003) and '' Star Wars: Episode II â Atta ...
, and adapted from
Alan Moore's graphic novel ''
V for Vendetta
''V for Vendetta'' is a British graphic novel written by Alan Moore and illustrated by David Lloyd (with additional art by Tony Weare). Initially published between 1982 and 1985 in black and white as an ongoing serial in the British antholog ...
'' prominently features number 5 and Roman Numeral V; the story is based on the historical event in which a group of men attempted to destroy Parliament on November 5, 1605
Music
Groups
*
Five (group), a UK Boy band
*
The Five (composers), 19th-century Russian composers
*
5 Seconds of Summer, pop band that originated in Sydney, Australia
*
Five Americans, American rock band active 1965â1969
*
Five Finger Death Punch, American heavy metal band from Las Vegas, Nevada. Active 2005âpresent
*
Five Man Electrical Band, Canadian rock group billed (and active) as the Five Man Electrical Band, 1969â1975
*
Maroon 5
Maroon 5 is an American pop rock band from Los Angeles, California. It currently consists of lead vocalist Adam Levine, keyboardist and rhythm guitarist Jesse Carmichael, lead guitarist James Valentine (musician), James Valentine, drummer Matt ...
, American pop rock band that originated in Los Angeles, California
*
MC5
MC5, also commonly called The MC5, is an American rock band formed in Lincoln Park, Michigan, in 1963. The original line-up consisted of Rob Tyner (vocals) Wayne Kramer (guitar), Fred "Sonic" Smith (guitar), Michael Davis (bass), and Dennis ...
, American punk rock band
*
Pentatonix
Pentatonix (abbreviated PTX) is an American a cappella group from Arlington, Texas, currently consisting of vocalists Mitch Grassi, Scott Hoying, Kirstin Maldonado, Kevin Olusola, and Matt Sallee. Characterized by their pop-style arrangements ...
, a Grammy-winning a cappella group originated in Arlington, Texas
*
The 5th Dimension
The 5th Dimension is an American popular music vocal group, whose repertoire includes pop, R&B, soul, jazz, light opera, and Broadway.
Formed as the Versatiles in late 1965, the group changed its name to "the 5th Dimension" by 1966. Betwee ...
, American pop vocal group, active 1977âpresent
*
The Dave Clark Five
The Dave Clark Five, also known as the DC5, were an English rock and roll band formed in 1958 in Tottenham, London. Drummer Dave Clark served as the group's leader, producer and co-songwriter. In January 1964 they had their first UK top ten sin ...
, a.k.a. DC5, an English pop rock group comprising
Dave Clark,
Lenny Davidson,
Rick Huxley,
Denis Payton, and
Mike Smith; active 1958â1970
*
The Jackson 5, American pop rock group featuring various members of the Jackson family; they were billed (and active) as The Jackson 5, 1966â1975
*
Hi-5, Australian pop kids group, where it has several international adaptations, and several members throughout the history of the band. It was also a TV show.
*
We Five: American folk rock group active 1965â1967 and 1968â1977
*
Grandmaster Flash and the Furious Five: American rap group, 1970â80's
*
Fifth Harmony, an American
girl group
A girl group is a music act featuring several female singers who generally harmonize together. The term "girl group" is also used in a narrower sense in the United States to denote the wave of American female pop music singing groups, many of who ...
.
*
Ben Folds Five
Ben Folds Five is an American alternative rock trio formed in 1993 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The group comprises Ben Folds (lead vocals, piano), Robert Sledge (bass guitar, backing vocals) and Darren Jessee (drums, backing vocals). The gro ...
, an American alternative rock trio, 1993â2000, 2008 and 2011â2013
*
R5 (band), an American pop and alternative rock group, 2009â2018
Other uses
*A
perfect fifth
In music theory, a perfect fifth is the Interval (music), musical interval corresponding to a pair of pitch (music), pitches with a frequency ratio of 3:2, or very nearly so.
In classical music from Western culture, a fifth is the interval fro ...
is the most consonant harmony, and is the basis for most western tuning systems.
*Modern musical notation uses a
made of five horizontal lines.
*In
harmonic
A harmonic is a wave with a frequency that is a positive integer multiple of the ''fundamental frequency'', the frequency of the original periodic signal, such as a sinusoidal wave. The original signal is also called the ''1st harmonic'', the ...
s â the fifth
partial
Partial may refer to:
Mathematics
* Partial derivative, derivative with respect to one of several variables of a function, with the other variables held constant
** â, a symbol that can denote a partial derivative, sometimes pronounced "partial ...
(or 4th
overtone) of a
fundamental
Fundamental may refer to:
* Foundation of reality
* Fundamental frequency, as in music or phonetics, often referred to as simply a "fundamental"
* Fundamentalism, the belief in, and usually the strict adherence to, the simple or "fundamental" idea ...
has a frequency ratio of 5:1 to the frequency of that fundamental. This ratio corresponds to the interval of 2 octaves plus a pure major third. Thus, the interval of 5:4 is the interval of the pure third. A
major
Major (commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators ...
triad
Triad or triade may refer to:
* a group of three
Businesses and organisations
* Triad (American fraternities), certain historic groupings of seminal college fraternities in North America
* Triad (organized crime), a Chinese transnational orga ...
chord
Chord may refer to:
* Chord (music), an aggregate of musical pitches sounded simultaneously
** Guitar chord a chord played on a guitar, which has a particular tuning
* Chord (geometry), a line segment joining two points on a curve
* Chord ( ...
when played in
just intonation
In music, just intonation or pure intonation is the tuning of musical intervals
Interval may refer to:
Mathematics and physics
* Interval (mathematics), a range of numbers
** Partially ordered set#Intervals, its generalization from numbers to ...
(most often the case in
a cappella
''A cappella'' (, also , ; ) music is a performance by a singer or a singing group without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. The term ''a cappella'' was originally intended to differentiate between Ren ...
vocal ensemble singing), will contain such a pure major third.
*The number of completed, numbered piano concertos of
Ludwig van Beethoven
Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 177026 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist. Beethoven remains one of the most admired composers in the history of Western music; his works rank amongst the most performed of the classical ...
,
Sergei Prokofiev
Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev; alternative transliterations of his name include ''Sergey'' or ''Serge'', and ''Prokofief'', ''Prokofieff'', or ''Prokofyev''., group=n (27 April .S. 15 April1891 â 5 March 1953) was a Russian composer, p ...
, and
Camille Saint-Saëns
Charles-Camille Saint-Saëns (; 9 October 183516 December 1921) was a French composer, organist, conductor and pianist of the Romantic music, Romantic era. His best-known works include Introduction and Rondo Capriccioso (1863), the Piano C ...
.
*Using the Latin root, five musicians are called a quintet.
*A scale with five notes per octave is called a
pentatonic scale.
*Five is the lowest possible number that can be the top number of a
time signature
The time signature (also known as meter signature, metre signature, or measure signature) is a notational convention used in Western musical notation to specify how many beats (pulses) are contained in each measure (bar), and which note value ...
with an asymmetric
meter.
Television
;Stations
*
Channel 5 (UK)
Channel 5 is a British free-to-air public broadcast television channel launched in 1997. It is the fifth national terrestrial channel in the United Kingdom and is owned by Channel 5 Broadcasting Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of American ...
, a television channel that broadcasts in the United Kingdom
*
5 (TV channel)
TV5 (also known as 5 and formerly known as ABC) is a Philippine free-to-air television network based in Mandaluyong, with its alternate studios located in Novaliches, Quezon City. It is the flagship property of TV5 Network, Inc. with Cignal TV ...
(''formerly known as ABC 5 and TV5'') (
DWET-TV
DWET-TV, channel 5 (analog) and channel 18 (digital), is the flagship TV station of Philippine television network TV5. The station is owned and operated by TV5 Network Inc., which is owned by MediaQuest Holdings, the multimedia arm of Phil ...
channel 5 In Metro Manila) a television network in the Philippines.
;
;Series
*''
Babylon 5'', a science fiction television series
*The number 5 features in the television series
''Battlestar Galactica'' in regards to the
Final Five cylons
The Cylons are the main antagonists of the human race in the '' Battlestar Galactica'' science fiction franchise, making appearances in the original 1978 series, the 1980 series, the 2004 re-imagining, and the spin-off prequel series '' C ...
and the Temple of Five
*
''Hi-5'' (Australian TV series), a television series from Australia
*
''Hi-5'' (UK TV series), a television show from the United Kingdom
*
''Hi-5'' Philippines a television show from the Philippines
*''
Odyssey 5'', a 2002 science fiction television series
*''
Tillbaka till Vintergatan'', a Swedish children's television series featuring a character named "Femman" (meaning five), who can only utter the word 'five'.
*''
The Five''
(talk show): Fox News Channel roundtable current events television show, premiered 2011, so-named for its panel of five commentators.
*''
Yes! PreCure 5
is a Japanese anime series and the fourth installment in Izumi Todo's ''Pretty Cure'' metaseries produced by Toei Animation, featuring the third generation of Cures. The series aired on TV Asahi between February 2007 and January 2008 and ...
'' is a 2007 anime series which follows the adventures of Nozomi and her friends. It is also followed by the 2008 sequel ''
Yes! Pretty Cure 5 GoGo!
is a Japanese anime series and the fourth installment in Izumi Todo's ''Pretty Cure'' metaseries produced by Toei Animation, featuring the third generation of Cures. The series aired on TV Asahi between February 2007 and January 2008 and ...
''
*''
The Quintessential Quintuplets'' is a 2019 slice of life romance anime series which follows the everyday life of five identical quintuplets and their interactions with their tutor. It has two seasons, and a final movie is scheduled in summer 2022.
*
''Hawaii Five-0'',
CBS American TV series.
Literature
*
''The Famous Five'' is a series of children's books by British writer Enid Blyton
*''
The Power of Five'' is a series of children's books by British writer and screenwriter Anthony Horowitz
*''
The Fall of Five
''The Fall of Five'' is the fourth book of the Lorien Legacies series by the pseudonymous author Pittacus Lore. It is the next book after ''The Rise of Nine
''The Rise of Nine'' is a young adult teen fiction novel by Pittacus Lore and the t ...
'' is a book written under the collective pseudonym Pittacus Lore in the series ''Lorien Legacies''
*''
The Book of Five Rings'' is a text on
kenjutsu
is an umbrella term for all ('' ko-budĆ'') schools of Japanese swordsmanship, in particular those that predate the Meiji Restoration. Some modern styles of kendo and iaido that were established in the 20th century also included modern forms of ...
and the martial arts in general, written by the swordsman Miyamoto Musashi circa 1645
*''
Slaughterhouse-Five'' is a book by Kurt Vonnegut about World War II
Sports
*The
Olympic Games
The modern Olympic Games or Olympics (french: link=no, Jeux olympiques) are the leading international sporting events featuring summer and winter sports competitions in which thousands of athletes from around the world participate in a var ...
have five interlocked rings as their symbol, representing the number of inhabited
continent
A continent is any of several large landmasses. Generally identified by convention rather than any strict criteria, up to seven geographical regions are commonly regarded as continents. Ordered from largest in area to smallest, these seven ...
s represented by the Olympians (Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia and Oceania, and the Americas).
* In
AFL Women's, the top level of
women's
A woman is an adult female human. Prior to adulthood, a female human is referred to as a girl (a female child or adolescent). The plural ''women'' is sometimes used in certain phrases such as "women's rights" to denote female humans regardl ...
Australian rules football
Australian football, also called Australian rules football or Aussie rules, or more simply football or footy, is a contact sport played between two teams of 18 players on an oval field, often a modified cricket ground. Points are scored by k ...
, each team is allowed 5 "
interchanges
Interchange may refer to:
Transport
* Interchange (road), a collection of ramps, exits, and entrances between two or more highways
* Interchange (freight rail), the transfer of freight cars between railroad companies
* Interchange station, a rai ...
" (substitute players), who can be freely substituted at any time.
*In
baseball scorekeeping
Baseball scorekeeping is the practice of recording the details of a baseball game as it unfolds. Professional baseball leagues hire official scorers to keep an official record of each game (from which a box score can be generated), but many fans k ...
, the number 5 represents the
third baseman
A third baseman, abbreviated 3B, is the player in baseball or softball whose responsibility is to defend the area nearest to third base â the third of four bases a baserunner must touch in succession to score a run. In the scoring system us ...
's position.
*In
basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular Basketball court, court, compete with the primary objective of #Shooting, shooting a basketball (ball), basketball (appr ...
:
**The number 5 is used to represent the position of
center.
**Each team has five players on the court at a given time. Thus, the phrase "five on five" is commonly used to describe standard competitive basketball.
**The
"5-second rule" refers to several related rules designed to promote continuous play. In all cases, violation of the rule results in a turnover.
**Under the
FIBA
The International Basketball Federation (FIBA ; French: ) is an association of national organizations which governs the sport of basketball worldwide. Originally known as the (hence FIBA), in 1989 it dropped the word ''amateur'' from its na ...
(used for all international play, and most non-US leagues) and
NCAA women's rule sets, a team begins shooting
bonus free throws once its opponent has committed five
personal fouls in a quarter.
**Under the FIBA rules, A player fouls out and must leave the game after committing five fouls
*
Five-a-side football is a variation of
association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...
in which each team fields five players.
*In
ice hockey
Ice hockey (or simply hockey) is a team sport played on ice skates, usually on an ice skating rink with lines and markings specific to the sport. It belongs to a family of sports called hockey. In ice hockey, two opposing teams use ice hock ...
:
** A major penalty lasts five minutes.
** There are five different ways that a player can score a goal (teams at even strength, team on the power play, team playing shorthanded, penalty shot, and empty net).
** The area between the goaltender's legs is known as the
five-hole
The five-hole is an ice hockey term for the space between a goaltender's legs. The name and its first recorded usage was in 1976 by Flyer Reggie Leach The phrases ''through the five-hole'' and ''gone five-hole'' are used when a player scores by sh ...
.
*In most
rugby league
Rugby league football, commonly known as just rugby league and sometimes football, footy, rugby or league, is a full-contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular field measuring 68 metres (75 yards) wide and 112 ...
competitions, the starting
left wing
Left-wing politics describes the range of political ideologies that support and seek to achieve social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy. Left-wing politics typically involve a concern for those in soci ...
wears this number. An exception is the
Super League
The Super League (officially known as the Betfred Super League due to sponsorship from Betfred and legally known as Super League Europe), is the top-level of the British rugby league system. At present the league consists of twelve teams, of wh ...
, which uses static squad numbering.
*In
rugby union
Rugby union, commonly known simply as rugby, is a close-contact team sport that originated at Rugby School in the first half of the 19th century. One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand. In its m ...
:
** A
try
Try or TRY may refer to:
Music Albums
* ''Try!'', an album by the John Mayer Trio
* ''Try'' (Bebo Norman album) (2014) Songs
* "Try" (Blue Rodeo song) (1987)
* "Try" (Colbie Caillat song) (2014)
* "Try" (Nelly Furtado song) (2004)
* " Try (Ju ...
is worth 5 points.
** One of the two starting
lock forwards wears number 5, and usually jumps at number 4 in the
line-out.
** In the
French variation of the
bonus points system, a bonus point in the league standings is awarded to a team that loses by 5 or fewer points.
Technology
*5 is the most common number of gears for automobiles with
manual transmission
A manual transmission (MT), also known as manual gearbox, standard transmission (in Canada, the United Kingdom, and the United States), or stick shift (in the United States), is a multi-speed motor vehicle transmission (mechanics), transmission ...
.
*In radio communication, the term "
Five by five
A signal strength and readability report is a standardized format for reporting the strength of the radio signal and the readability (quality) of the radiotelephone (voice) or radiotelegraph (Morse code) signal transmitted by another station as re ...
" is used to indicate perfect signal strength and clarity.
*On almost all devices with a
numeric keypad such as telephones, computers, etc., the 5 key has a raised dot or raised bar to make dialing easier. Persons who are blind or have low vision find it useful to be able to feel the keys of a telephone. All other numbers can be found with their relative position around the 5 button (on computer keyboards, the 5 key of the
numpad
A numeric keypad, number pad, numpad, or ten key,
is the palm-sized, usually-17-key section of a standard computer keyboard, usually on the far right. It provides calculator-style efficiency for entering numbers. The idea of a 10-key nu ...
has the raised dot or bar, but the 5 key that shifts with % does not).
*On most
telephone
A telephone is a telecommunications device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be easily heard directly. A telephone converts sound, typically and most efficiently the human voice, into e ...
s, the 5 key is associated with the letters
J,
K, and
L, but on some of the
BlackBerry
The blackberry is an edible fruit produced by many species in the genus ''Rubus'' in the family Rosaceae, hybrids among these species within the subgenus ''Rubus'', and hybrids between the subgenera ''Rubus'' and ''Idaeobatus''. The taxonomy of ...
phones, it is the key for
G and
H.
*The
Pentium, coined by
Intel Corporation
Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. It is the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturer by revenue, and is one of the developers of the x86 series ...
, is a fifth-generation
x86
x86 (also known as 80x86 or the 8086 family) is a family of complex instruction set computer (CISC) instruction set architectures initially developed by Intel based on the Intel 8086 microprocessor and its 8088 variant. The 8086 was introd ...
architecture
microprocessor
A microprocessor is a computer processor where the data processing logic and control is included on a single integrated circuit, or a small number of integrated circuits. The microprocessor contains the arithmetic, logic, and control circu ...
.
*The
resin identification code used in recycling to identify
polypropylene
Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications. It is produced via chain-growth polymerization from the monomer propylene.
Polypropylene
belongs to the group of polyolefins and ...
.
Miscellaneous fields
Five can refer to:
*"Give me five" is a common phrase used preceding a
high five High five is a friendly gesture in which one individual slaps another's hand.
High five (and variants such as Hi5, Hi-5, and Hi-Five) may also refer to:
Music
* Hi-5 (Australian group), an Australian children's musical group
* Hi-5 (Greek band), ...
.
*An informal term for the British Security Service,
MI5.
*Five babies born at one time are
quintuplets
''Quintuplets'' is an American sitcom that aired 22 episodes on Fox from June 16, 2004 to January 12, 2005. The program starred Andy Richter and Rebecca Creskoff and shared some of their experiences parenting teenage quintuplets.
Synopsis
The ...
. The most famous set of quintuplets were the
Dionne quintuplets
The Dionne quintuplets (; born May 28, 1934) are the first quintuplets known to have survived their infancy. The identical girls were born just outside Callander, Ontario, near the village of Corbeil. All five survived to adulthood.
The Dionn ...
born in the 1930s.
*In the United States legal system, the
Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
The Fifth Amendment (Amendment V) to the United States Constitution addresses criminal procedure and other aspects of the Constitution. It was ratified, along with nine other articles, in 1791 as part of the Bill of Rights. The Fifth Amend ...
can be referred to in court as "pleading the fifth", absolving the defendant from
self-incrimination
In criminal law, self-incrimination is the act of exposing oneself generally, by making a statement, "to an accusation or charge of crime; to involve oneself or another ersonin a criminal prosecution or the danger thereof". (Self-incrimination ...
.
*
Pentameter is verse with five repeating feet per line;
iambic pentameter
Iambic pentameter () is a type of metric line used in traditional English poetry and verse drama. The term describes the rhythm, or meter, established by the words in that line; rhythm is measured in small groups of syllables called "feet". "Iambi ...
was the most popular form in
Shakespeare
William Shakespeare ( 26 April 1564 â 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor. He is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist. He is often called England's nation ...
.
*
Quintessence
Quintessence, or fifth essence, may refer to:
Cosmology
* Aether (classical element), in medieval cosmology and science, the fifth element that fills the universe beyond the terrestrial sphere
* Quintessence (physics), a hypothetical form of da ...
, meaning "fifth element", refers to the elusive fifth element that completes the basic four elements (water, fire, air, and earth)
*The designation of an
Interstate Highway
The Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways, commonly known as the Interstate Highway System, is a network of controlled-access highways that forms part of the National Highway System in the United States. Th ...
(
Interstate 5) that runs from
San Diego
San Diego ( , ; ) is a city on the Pacific Ocean coast of Southern California located immediately adjacent to the MexicoâUnited States border. With a 2020 population of 1,386,932, it is the List of United States cities by population, eigh ...
,
California
California is a U.S. state, state in the Western United States, located along the West Coast of the United States, Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the List of states and territori ...
to
Blaine, Washington
Blaine is a city in Whatcom County, Washington, United States. The city's northern boundary is the CanadaâU.S. border; the Peace Arch international monument straddles the border of both countries. The population was 5,884 at the 2020 census. ...
. In addition, all major north-south Interstate Highways in the United States end in 5.
*In the computer game ''
Riven
''Riven'' is a Adventure game#Puzzle adventure, puzzle adventure video game. It is the sequel to ''Myst'' and second in the Myst (series), ''Myst'' series of games. Developed by Cyan Worlds, it was initially published by Red Orb Entertainment, a ...
'', 5 is considered a holy number, and is a recurring theme throughout the game, appearing in hundreds of places, from the number of islands in the game to the number of bolts on pieces of machinery.
*''
The Garden of Cyrus
''The Garden of Cyrus'', or ''The Quincuncial Lozenge, or Network Plantations of the Ancients, naturally, artificially, mystically considered'', is a discourse by Sir Thomas Browne. First published in 1658, along with its diptych companion '' ...
'' (1658) by Sir
Thomas Browne
Sir Thomas Browne (; 19 October 160519 October 1682) was an English polymath and author of varied works which reveal his wide learning in diverse fields including science and medicine, religion and the esoteric. His writings display a deep curi ...
is a Pythagorean discourse based upon the number 5.
*The holy number of
Discordianism
Discordianism is a religion, philosophy, or paradigm centered on Eris, a.k.a. Discordia, the Goddess of chaos. Discordianism uses archetypes or ideals associated with her. It was founded after the 1963 publication of its "holy book," the ''Pri ...
, as dictated by the
Law of Fives.
*The number of Justices on the
Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS) is the highest court in the federal judiciary of the United States. It has ultimate appellate jurisdiction over all U.S. federal court cases, and over state court cases that involve a point o ...
necessary to render a majority decision.
*The number of dots in a
quincunx.
*The number of permanent members with veto power on the
United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the Organs of the United Nations, six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international security, international peace and security, recommending the admi ...
.
*The number of sides and the number of angles in a
pentagon
In geometry, a pentagon (from the Greek ÏÎÎœÏΔ ''pente'' meaning ''five'' and ÎłÏÎœÎŻÎ± ''gonia'' meaning ''angle'') is any five-sided polygon or 5-gon. The sum of the internal angles in a simple pentagon is 540°.
A pentagon may be simpl ...
.
*The number of points in a
pentagram.
*The number of
Korotkoff sounds
Korotkoff sounds are the sounds that medical personnel listen for when they are taking blood pressure using a non-invasive procedure. They are named after Nikolai Korotkov, a Russian physician who discovered them in 1905, when he was working at th ...
when measuring
blood pressure
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood against the walls of blood vessels. Most of this pressure results from the heart pumping blood through the circulatory system. When used without qualification, the term "blood pressure" r ...
*The drink
Five Alive is named for its five ingredients. The drink
punch
Punch commonly refers to:
* Punch (combat), a strike made using the hand closed into a fist
* Punch (drink), a wide assortment of drinks, non-alcoholic or alcoholic, generally containing fruit or fruit juice
Punch may also refer to:
Places
* Pun ...
derives its name after the Sanskrit à€Șà€à„à€ (pañc) for having five ingredients.
*The
Keating Five were five
United States Senators
The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States.
The composition and power ...
accused of corruption in 1989.
*The
Inferior Five
The Inferior Five (or I5) are a parody superhero team appearing in books by the American publisher DC Comics. Created by writer E. Nelson Bridwell and artist Joe Orlando, the team premiered in the DC Comics title ''Showcase (comic book), Showcase ...
: Merryman, Awkwardman, The Blimp, White Feather, and Dumb Bunny.
DC Comics
DC Comics, Inc. (doing business as DC) is an American comic book publisher and the flagship unit of DC Entertainment, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Discovery.
DC Comics is one of the largest and oldest American comic book companies, with thei ...
parody superhero team.
*
No. 5 is the name of the iconic fragrance created by
Coco Chanel.
*The
Committee of Five was delegated to draft the
United States
The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. It consists of 50 states, a federal district, five major unincorporated territorie ...
Declaration of Independence.
*The
five-second rule is a commonly used
rule of thumb
In English, the phrase ''rule of thumb'' refers to an approximate method for doing something, based on practical experience rather than theory. This usage of the phrase can be traced back to the 17th century and has been associated with various t ...
for dropped
food
Food is any substance consumed by an organism for nutritional support. Food is usually of plant, animal, or fungal origin, and contains essential nutrients, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. The substance is inge ...
.
*555 95472, usually referred to simply as 5, is a minor male character in the comic strip ''Peanuts''.
See also
*
Five Families
*
Five Nations (disambiguation) Five Nations may refer to:
Art, entertainment, and media
* Five Nations (accessory), a book about the fictional Eberron location
* Five Nations of the Eberron Campaign Setting, a fictional location
* '' The Five Nations'', a 1903 poetry collection ...
*
555 (number)
555 (five hundred ndfifty-five) is the natural number following 554 and preceding 556.
In mathematics
It is a sphenic number. In base 10, it is a repdigit, and because it is divisible by the sum of its digits, it is a Harshad number. It is als ...
*
List of highways numbered 5
Route 5, or Highway 5, may refer to routes in the following countries:
International
* Asian Highway 5
* European route E05
* European route E005
Argentina
* National Route 5
Australia New South Wales
* M5 Motorway (Sydney)
* The Detou ...
References
*Wells, D. ''
The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers
''The Penguin Dictionary of Curious and Interesting Numbers'' is a reference book for recreational mathematics and elementary number theory written by David Wells. The first edition was published in paperback by Penguin Books in 1986 in the UK, a ...
'' London: Penguin Group. (1987): 58â67
External links
*
*
The Number 5The Positive Integer 5
{{DEFAULTSORT:5 (Number)
Integers
5 (number)