The protein kinase domain is a structurally conserved

protein domain In molecular biology, a protein domain is a region of a protein's polypeptide chain that is self-stabilizing and that folds independently from the rest. Each domain forms a compact folded three-dimensional structure. Many proteins consist of ...

containing the catalytic function of

protein kinase A protein kinase is a kinase which selectively modifies other proteins by covalently adding phosphates to them (phosphorylation) as opposed to kinases which modify lipids, carbohydrates, or other molecules. Phosphorylation usually results in a fu ...

s. Protein kinases are a group of

enzyme Enzymes () are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions. The molecules upon which enzymes may act are called substrates, and the enzyme converts the substrates into different molecules known as products ...

s that move a phosphate group onto proteins, in a process called phosphorylation. This functions as an on/off switch for many cellular processes, including metabolism, transcription, cell cycle progression, cytoskeletal rearrangement and cell movement, apoptosis, and differentiation. They also function in embryonic development, physiological responses, and in the nervous and immune system. Abnormal phosphorylation causes many human diseases, including cancer, and drugs that affect phosphorylation can treat those diseases. Protein kinases possess a catalytic subunit which transfers the gamma phosphate from nucleoside triphosphates (almost always ATP) to the side chain of an amino acid in a protein, resulting in a conformational and/or dynamic changes affecting protein function. These enzymes fall into two broad classes, characterised with respect to substrate specificity: serine/threonine specific and tyrosine specific.

Function

Protein kinase A protein kinase is a kinase which selectively modifies other proteins by covalently adding phosphates to them (phosphorylation) as opposed to kinases which modify lipids, carbohydrates, or other molecules. Phosphorylation usually results in a fu ...

function has been evolutionarily conserved from ''

Escherichia coli ''Escherichia coli'' (),Wells, J. C. (2000) Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Harlow ngland Pearson Education Ltd. also known as ''E. coli'' (), is a Gram-negative, facultative anaerobic, rod-shaped, coliform bacterium of the genus '' Esc ...

'' to ''

Homo sapiens Humans (''Homo sapiens'') are the most abundant and widespread species of primate, characterized by bipedalism and exceptional cognitive skills due to a large and complex brain. This has enabled the development of advanced tools, culture, ...

''. Protein kinases play a role in a multitude of cellular processes, including division, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. Phosphorylation usually results in a functional change of the target protein by changing structure, dynamics, enzyme activity, cellular location, or association with other proteins.

Structure

The catalytic subunits of protein kinases are highly conserved, and the structures of over 280 of the approximately 500 human kinase domains have been determined, leading to large screens to develop kinase-specific inhibitors for the treatments of a number of diseases. Eukaryotic protein kinases are enzymes that belong to a very extensive family of proteins which share a conserved catalytic core common with both serine/threonine and tyrosine protein kinases. The domain consists of two sub-domains referred to as the N- and C-terminal domains. The N-terminal domain consists of five beta sheet strands and an alpha helix called the C-helix, and the C-terminal domain usually consists of six alpha helices (labeled D, E, F, G, H, and I). The C-terminal domain contains two long loops, called the catalytic loop and the activation loop, which are essential for catalytic activity. The catalytic loop includes the "HRD motif" (for the amino acid sequence His-Arg-Asp), whose aspartic acid residue interacts directly with the hydroxyl group of the target serine, threonine, or tyrosine residue that is phosphorylated. The activation loop starts with the DFG motif (for the amino acid sequence Asp-Phe-Gly), which helps to bind ATP and magnesium in the active site. Broadly, the state or conformation of the kinase may be classified as DFGin or DFGout, depending on whether the Asp residue of the DFG motif is in or out of the active site. In the active form, the first few residues of the activation loop adopt a specific form of the DFGin conformation. Some inactive structures may adopt one of several other DFGin conformations, while other inactive structures are DFGout.

Examples

The following is a list of human proteins containing the protein kinase domain: AAK1 ; AATK ;

ABL1 Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 also known as ABL1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ''ABL1'' gene (previous symbol ''ABL'') located on chromosome 9. c-Abl is sometimes used to refer to the version of the gene found within the mammalian ...

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ABL2 Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL2 also known as Abelson-related gene (Arg) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ABL2'' gene. Function ABL2 is a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase which is closely related to but distinct from ABL1. The simila ...

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ACVR1 Activin A receptor, type I (ACVR1) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''ACVR1'' gene; also known as ALK-2 (activin receptor-like kinase-2). ACVR1 has been linked to the 2q23-24 region of the genome. This protein is important in the bo ...

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ACVR1B Activin receptor type-1B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ACVR1B'' gene. ACVR1B or ALK-4 acts as a transducer of activin or activin-like ligands (e.g., inhibin) signals. Activin binds to either ACVR2A or ACVR2B and then forms a c ...

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ACVR1C The activin A receptor also known as ACVR1C or ALK-7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ACVR1C gene. ACVR1C is a type I receptor for the TGFB family of signaling molecules. ACVR1C transduces signals of Nodal. Nodal binds to ACVR2B and ...

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ACVR2A Activin receptor type-2A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ACVR2A'' gene. ACVR2A is an activin type 2 receptor. Function This gene encodes activin A type II receptor. Activins are dimeric growth and differentiation factors which ...

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ACVR2B Activin receptor type-2B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ACVR2B'' gene. ACVR2B is an activin type 2 receptor. Function Activins are dimeric growth and differentiation factors which belong to the transforming growth factor-bet ...

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ACVRL1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase receptor R3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ACVRL1'' gene. ACVRL1 is a receptor in the TGF beta signaling pathway. It is also known as activin receptor-like kinase 1, or ALK1. Function This gene ...

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AKT1 RAC(Rho family)-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''AKT1'' gene. This enzyme belongs to the AKT subfamily of serine/threonine kinases that contain SH2 (Src homology 2-like) protein domains. It ...

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AKT2 AKT2, also known as RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''AKT2'' gene. It influences metabolite storage as part of the insulin signal transduction pathway. Function This gene is a putative o ...

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AKT3 RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''AKT3'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the AKT subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. AKT kinases are known to be ...

; ALK ; AMHR2 ;

ANKK1 Ankyrin repeat and kinase domain containing 1 (ANKK1) also known as protein kinase PKK2 or sugen kinase 288 (SgK288) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ANKK1'' gene. The ANKK1 is a member of an extensive family of the Ser/Thr protei ...

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ARAF Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf or simply A-Raf is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ARAF'' gene. A-Raf is a member of the Raf kinase family of serine/threonine-specific protein kinases. Compared to the other members of this ...

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AURKA Aurora kinase A also known as serine/threonine-protein kinase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''AURKA'' gene. Aurora A is a member of a family of mitotic serine/threonine kinases. It is implicated with important processes during m ...

; AURKB ; AURKC ; AXL ; BLK ; BMP2K ;

BMPR1A The bone morphogenetic protein receptor, type IA also known as BMPR1A is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''BMPR1A'' gene. BMPR1A has also been designated as CD292 (cluster of differentiation 292). Function The bone morphogenetic pr ...

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BMPR1B Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B also known as CDw293 (cluster of differentiation w293) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BMPR1B'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gen ...

; BMPR2 ; BMX ; BRAF ; BRSK1 ; BRSK2 ; BTK ;

BUB1 Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 also known as BUB1 (budding uninhibited by benzimidazoles 1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''BUB1'' gene. Bub1 is a serine/threonine protein kinase first identified in gen ...

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BUB1B Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB1 beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''BUB1B'' gene. Also known as BubR1, this protein is recognized for its mitotic roles in the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and kinetochor ...

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CAMK1 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CAMK1'' gene. Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I is gene expression, expressed in many tissue (biology), tissues and is a component of a ...

; CAMK1D ; CAMK1G ; CAMK2A ;

CAMK2B Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II beta chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CAMK2B'' gene. Function The enzyme belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family and to the Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent prote ...

; CAMK2D ;

CAMK2G Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II gamma chain is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CAMK2G'' gene. Function The product of this gene belongs to the Serine/Threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmoduli ...

; CAMK4 ;

CAMKK1 Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CAMKK1'' gene. The product of this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family, and to the Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent protein ki ...

; CAMKK2 ; CAMKV ;

CASK A barrel or cask is a hollow cylindrical container with a bulging center, longer than it is wide. They are traditionally made of wooden staves and bound by wooden or metal hoops. The word vat is often used for large containers for liquids, u ...

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CDC42BPA Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRCK alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDC42BPA'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Serine/Threonine protein kinase family. This kinase contains multiple functional domai ...

; CDC42BPB ; CDC42BPG ; CDC7 ;

CDK1 Cyclin-dependent kinase 1 also known as CDK1 or cell division cycle protein 2 homolog is a highly conserved protein that functions as a serine/threonine protein kinase, and is a key player in cell cycle regulation. It has been highly studied in t ...

; CDK10 ; CDK11A ; CDK11B ; CDK12 ; CDK13 ; CDK14 ; CDK15 ; CDK16 ; CDK17 ; CDK18 ; CDK19 ;

CDK2 Cyclin-dependent kinase 2, also known as cell division protein kinase 2, or Cdk2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDK2'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase family of Ser/Thr protein ...

; CDK20 ; CDK3 ; CDK4 ;

CDK5 Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 is a protein, and more specifically an enzyme, that is encoded by the Cdk5 gene. It was discovered 15 years ago, and it is saliently expressed in post-mitotic central nervous system neurons (CNS). The molecule belongs ...

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CDK6 Cell division protein kinase 6 (CDK6) is an enzyme encoded by the ''CDK6'' gene. It is regulated by cyclins, more specifically by Cyclin D proteins and Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor proteins. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of th ...

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CDK7 Cyclin-dependent kinase 7, or cell division protein kinase 7, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDK7'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) family. CDK family members are h ...

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CDK8 Cell division protein kinase 8 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CDK8'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent protein kinase (CDK) family. CDK8 and cyclin C associate with the mediato ...

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CDK9 Cyclin-dependent kinase 9 or CDK9 is a cyclin-dependent kinase associated with P-TEFb. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) family. CDK family members are highly similar to the gene produc ...

; CDKL1 ; CDKL2 ; CDKL3 ; CDKL4 ;

CDKL5 CDKL5 is a gene that provides instructions for making a protein called cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 also known as serine/threonine kinase 9 (STK9) that is essential for normal brain development. Mutations in the gene can cause deficiencies in t ...

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CHEK1 Checkpoint kinase 1, commonly referred to as Chk1, is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that, in humans, is encoded by the ''CHEK1'' gene. Chk1 coordinates the DNA damage response (DDR) and cell cycle checkpoint response. Activation of C ...

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CHEK2 CHEK2 (Checkpoint kinase 2) is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes the protein CHK2, a serine-threonine kinase. CHK2 is involved in DNA repair, cell cycle arrest or apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Mutations to the CHEK2 gene have been linked ...

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CHUK Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha (IKK-α) also known as IKK1 or conserved helix-loop-helix ubiquitous kinase (CHUK) is a protein kinase that in humans is encoded by the ''CHUK'' gene. IKK-α is part of the IκB kinase ...

; CIT ;

CLK1 Dual specificity protein kinase CLK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CLK1'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''gene ...

; CLK2 ; CLK3 ; CLK4 ;

CSF1R Colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), also known as macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR), and CD115 (Cluster of Differentiation 115), is a cell-surface protein encoded by the human ''CSF1R'' gene (known also as c-FMS). CS ...

; CSK ;

CSNK1A1 Casein kinase I isoform alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CSNK1A1'' gene. Interactions Casein kinase 1, alpha 1 has been shown to Protein-protein interaction, interact with Centaurin, alpha 1 and AXIN1. See also * Casein ...

; CSNK1A1L ;

CSNK1D Casein kinase I isoform delta also known as CKI-delta or CK1δ is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the gene ''CSNK1D'', which is located on chromosome 17 (17q25.3). It is a member of the CK1 (formerly named casein kinase 1) family of serine ...

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CSNK1E Casein kinase I isoform epsilon is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CSNK1E'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a serine/threonine protein kinase and a member of the casein kinase I protein family, whose members hav ...

; CSNK1G1 ; CSNK1G2 ; CSNK1G3 ; CSNK2A1 ;

CSNK2A2 Casein kinase II subunit alpha' is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''CSNK2A2'' gene. Interactions CSNK2A2 has been shown to interact with over 160 different substrates. CSNK2A2 has been shown to interact with: * Activating transcr ...

; CSNK2A3 ; DAPK1 ; DAPK2 ; DAPK3 ; DCLK1 ; DCLK2 ; DCLK3 ;

DDR1 Discoidin domain receptor family, member 1, also known as DDR1 or CD167a (cluster of differentiation 167a), is a human gene. Function Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play a key role in the communication of cells with their microenvironment. ...

; DDR2 ; DMPK ; DSTYK ;

DYRK1A Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DYRK1A'' gene. Alternative splicing of this gene generates several transcript variants differing from each other either in the Five prime ...

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DYRK1B Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DYRK1B'' gene. Function DYRK1B is a member of the DYRK family of protein kinases. DYRK1B contains a bipartite nuclear localization s ...

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DYRK2 Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 2 is an enzyme, in particular a dual-specificity kinase, that in humans is encoded by the ''DYRK2'' gene. DYRK2 belongs to a family of protein kinases whose members are presumed to be invo ...

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DYRK3 Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''DYRK3'' gene. This gene product belongs to the DYRK family of dual-specificity protein kinases that catalyze autophosphorylation on ser ...

; DYRK4 ; EGFR ; EIF2AK1 ; EIF2AK2 ;

EIF2AK3 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3, also known as protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF2AK3'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene ...

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EIF2AK4 Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''EIF2AK4'' gene. EIF2AK4 belongs to a family of kinases that phosphorylate the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor-2 (E ...

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EPHA1 EPH receptor A1 (ephrin type-A receptor 1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHA1'' gene. This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated ...

; EPHA10 ;

EPHA2 EPH receptor A2 (ephrin type-A receptor 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHA2'' gene. Function This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein- tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have be ...

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EPHA3 EPH receptor A3 (ephrin type-A receptor 3) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHA3'' gene. Function This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been ...

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EPHA4 EPH receptor A4 (ephrin type-A receptor 4) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHA4'' gene. This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated ...

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EPHA5 EPH receptor A5 (ephrin type-A receptor 5) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHA5'' gene. This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicate ...

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EPHA6 Ephrin type-A receptor 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHA6'' gene. EphA6 may serve an important role in breast carcinogenesis and may pose as a novel prognostic indicator and therapeutic target for breast cancer Breast ...

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EPHA7 Ephrin type-A receptor 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHA7'' gene. This gene belongs to the ephrin receptor subfamily of the protein-tyrosine kinase family. EPH and EPH-related receptors have been implicated in mediating devel ...

; EPHA8 ; EPHB1 ;

EPHB2 Ephrin type-B receptor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHB2'' gene. Function Ephrin receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, mediate numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their stru ...

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EPHB3 Ephrin type-B receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHB3'' gene. Function Ephrin receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, mediate numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their struct ...

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EPHB4 Ephrin type-B receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHB4'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ...

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EPHB6 Ephrin type-B receptor 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''EPHB6'' gene. Ephrin receptors and their ligands, the ephrins, mediate numerous developmental processes, particularly in the nervous system. Based on their structures and s ...

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ERBB2 Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ERBB2'' gene. ERBB is abbreviated from erythroblastic oncogene B, a gene originally isolated from the avian genome. The human protein is also frequently refer ...

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ERBB3 Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-3, also known as HER3 (human epidermal growth factor receptor 3), is a membrane bound protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ERBB3'' gene. ErbB3 is a member of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ ...

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ERBB4 Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ERBB4'' gene. Alternatively spliced variants that encode different protein isoforms have been described; however, not all variants have been fully characteriz ...

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ERN1 The serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease inositol-requiring enzyme 1 α (IRE1α) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ERN1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is the ER to nucleus signalling 1 protein, a hu ...

; ERN2 ;

FER Fer (also known as Fer Servadou, Pinenc, Mansois and several other synonyms) is a red French wine grape variety that is grown primarily in South West France and is most notable for its role in the ''Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée'' (AOC) ...

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FES Fez or Fes (; ar, فاس, fās; zgh, ⴼⵉⵣⴰⵣ, fizaz; french: Fès) is a city in northern inland Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region. It is the second largest city in Morocco, with a population of 1.11 mi ...

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FGFR1 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), also known as basic fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, fms-related tyrosine kinase-2 / Pfeiffer syndrome, and CD331, is a receptor tyrosine kinase whose ligands are specific members of the fibroblast ...

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FGFR2 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) also known as CD332 (cluster of differentiation 332) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''FGFR2'' gene residing on chromosome 10. FGFR2 is a receptor for fibroblast growth factor. The protein ...

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FGFR3 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''FGFR3'' gene. FGFR3 has also been designated as CD333 (cluster of differentiation 333). The gene, which is located on chromosome 4, location q16.3, is expressed in ...

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FGFR4 Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''FGFR4'' gene. FGFR4 has also been designated as CD334 (cluster of differentiation 334). The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the fibroblast growth fact ...

; FGR ;

FLT1 Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''FLT1'' gene. Function ''FLT1'' is a member of VEGF receptor gene family. It encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase which is activated by VEGF-A, VEGF-B ...

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FLT3 Cluster of differentiation antigen 135 (CD135) also known as fms like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT-3), receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT3, or fetal liver kinase-2 (Flk2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''FLT3'' gene. FLT3 is a cyto ...

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FLT4 Fms-related tyrosine kinase 4, also known as FLT4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''FLT4'' gene. This gene encodes a tyrosine kinase receptor for vascular endothelial growth factors C and D. The protein is thought to be involve ...

; FRK ;

FYN Funen ( da, Fyn, ), with an area of , is the third-largest island of Denmark, after Zealand and Vendsyssel-Thy. It is the 165th-largest island in the world. It is located in the central part of the country and has a population of 469,947 as ...

; GAK ; GRK1 ;

GRK2 G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADRBK1'' gene. GRK2 was initially called Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase (βARK or βARK1), and is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase subfa ...

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GRK3 G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 3 (GRK3) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ADRBK2'' gene. GRK3 was initially called Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 2 (βARK-2), and is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase subfamily of ...

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GRK4 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 4 (GRK4) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''GRK4'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase subfamily of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family, and is most similar to GRK ...

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GRK5 G protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase subfamily of the Ser/Thr protein kinases, and is most highly similar to GRK4 and GRK6. The protein phosphorylates the activated forms of G protein-coupled r ...

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GRK6 This gene encodes a member of the G protein-coupled receptor kinase subfamily of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family, and is most highly similar to GRK4 and GRK5. The protein phosphorylates the activated forms of G protein-coupled receptors to re ...

; GRK7 ; GSG2 ;

GSK3A Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''GSK3A'' gene. Glycogen synthase kinase 3-alpha is a multifunctional protein serine kinase, homologous to ''Drosophila'' 'shaggy' (zeste-white3) and implicated in th ...

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GSK3B Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta, (GSK-3 beta), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''GSK3B'' gene. In mice, the enzyme is encoded by the Gsk3b gene. Abnormal regulation and expression of GSK-3 beta is associated with an increased suscept ...

; GUCY2C ;

GUCY2D Retinal guanylyl cyclase 1 also known as guanylate cyclase 2D, retinal is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GUCY2D (guanylate cyclase 2D) gene. Function This gene encodes a retina-specific guanylate cyclase, which is a member of the m ...

; GUCY2F ;

HCK Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''HCK'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a protein-tyrosine kinase that is predominantly expressed in hemopoietic cell types, and belongs to the Src f ...

; HIPK1 ;

HIPK2 Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''HIPK2'' gene. HIPK2 can be categorized as a Serine/Threonine Protein kinase, specifically one that interacts with homeodomain transcription factors. It belong ...

; HIPK3 ; HIPK4 ; HUNK ;

ICK Ick or ICK may refer to: * William Ick, (1800–1844), botanist *Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, a single-celled parasite. Also known as Ich *Inhibitor cystine knot *Institute of Christ the King Sovereign Priest *Trains in the Netherlands, Intercit ...

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IGF1R The insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor is a protein found on the surface of human cells. It is a transmembrane receptor that is activated by a hormone called insulin-like growth factor 1 ( IGF-1) and by a related hormone called IGF-2. ...

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IKBKB IKK-β also known as inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''IKBKB'' (inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells, kinase beta) gene. Function IKK-β is an enzy ...

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IKBKE Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon also known as I-kappa-B kinase epsilon or IKK-epsilon is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''IKBKE'' gene. Interactions IKBKE has been shown to interact with TANK. Function ...

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ILK Integrin-linked kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ILK gene involved with integrin-mediated signal transduction. Mutations in ''ILK'' are associated with cardiomyopathies. It is a 59kDa protein originally identified in a yeast-two ...

; INSR ; INSRR ;

IRAK1 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK-1) is an enzyme in humans encoded by the ''IRAK1'' gene. IRAK-1 plays an important role in the regulation of the expression of inflammatory genes by immune cells, such as monocytes and macrophages, ...

; IRAK2 ;

IRAK3 Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''IRAK3'' gene. Using ''in vivo'' liposome-mediated delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid expressing IRAK3 gRNA, IRAK3 was shown to be responsible for endotoxin-indu ...

; IRAK4 ;

ITK Itk is a framework for building mega-widgets using the Incr Tcl incr Tcl (commonly stylised as '' ncr Tcl/nowiki>'', and often abbreviated to ''itcl'') is a set of object-oriented extensions for the Tcl programming language. It is widely us ...

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JAK1 JAK1 is a human tyrosine kinase protein essential for signaling for certain type I and type II cytokines. It interacts with the common gamma chain (γc) of type I cytokine receptors, to elicit signals from the IL-2 receptor family (e.g. IL-2R, I ...

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JAK2 Janus kinase 2 (commonly called JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase. It is a member of the Janus kinase family and has been implicated in signaling by members of the type II cytokine receptor family (e.g. interferon receptors), the GM-CSF rece ...

; JAK3 ;

KALRN Kalirin, also known as Huntingtin-associated protein-interacting protein (HAPIP), protein duo (DUO), or serine/threonine-protein kinase with Dbl- and pleckstrin homology domain, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''KALRN'' gene. Kaliri ...

; KDR ; KIT ;

KSR1 Kinase suppressor of Ras 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''KSR1'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' ...

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KSR2 The KSR2 gene (also called "The fat gene") is Kinase suppressor of ras 2 it is a protein that in humans is encoded by the KSR2 gene. KSR2 mutation effects in humans by obesity and because KSR2 gene reduces the ERK signaling and it reduces glucose ...

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LATS1 Large tumor suppressor kinase 1 (LATS1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''LATS1'' gene. It has been associated with the Hippo signaling pathway, where it phosphorylates YAP and TAZ to inactivate their function. The protein encoded ...

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LATS2 Large tumor suppressor kinase 2 (LATS2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''LATS2'' gene. This gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase belonging to the LATS tumor suppressor family and participates in the Hippo signaling pathwa ...

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LCK Lck (or lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase) is a 56 kDa protein that is found inside specialized cells of the immune system called lymphocytes. The Lck is a member of Src kinase family (SFK), it is important for the activation of the T ...

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LIMK1 LIM domain kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''LIMK1'' gene. Function There are approximately 40 known eukaryotic LIM proteins, so named for the LIM domains they contain. LIM domains are highly conserved cysteine-rich struc ...

; LIMK2 ;

LMTK2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase LMTK2 also known as Lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''LMTK2'' gene. Function The LMTK2 enzyme belongs to both the protein kinase and the tyrosine kinase families. It ...

; LMTK3 ; LRRK1 ;

LRRK2 Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), also known as dardarin (from the Basque word "dardara" which means trembling) and PARK8 (from early identified association with Parkinson's disease), is a large, multifunctional kinase enzyme that in humans i ...

; LTK ; LYN ; MAK ;

MAP2K1 Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP2K1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the dual-specificity protein kinase family that acts as a mito ...

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MAP2K2 Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP2K2'' gene. It is more commonly known as MEK2, but has many alternative names including CFC4, MKK2, MAPKK2 and PRKMK2. Function The ...

; MAP2K3 ; MAP2K4 ; MAP2K5 ;

MAP2K6 Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 also known as MAP kinase kinase 6 (MAPKK 6) or MAPK/ERK kinase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP2K6'' gene, on chromosome 17. Function MAPKK 6 is a member of the d ...

; MAP2K7 ; MAP3K1 ;

MAP3K10 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K10'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family. This kinase has been shown to activa ...

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MAP3K11 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 11 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K11'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is called MLK3 and it is a member of the serine/threonine kinase family. This kinase co ...

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MAP3K12 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K12'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of serine/threonine protein kinase family. This kinase contains a leucine-zipper domain, a ...

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MAP3K13 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 13 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K13'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of serine/threonine protein kinase family. This kinase contains a dual leuci ...

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MAP3K14 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14 also known as NF-kappa-B-inducing kinase (NIK) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K14'' gene. Function This gene encodes mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14, NIK, ...

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MAP3K15 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 15 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAP3K15 gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. These family members fun ...

; MAP3K19 ; MAP3K2 ; MAP3K20 ; MAP3K21 ;

MAP3K3 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K3'' gene, which is located on the long arm of chromosome 17 (17q23.3).MAP3K3 in GeneCards – The Human Gene Compendium. https://www.genecards. ...

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MAP3K4 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K4'' gene. The central core of each mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway is a conserved cascade of 3 protein kinases: an activated MAPK ...

; MAP3K5 ; MAP3K6 ;

MAP3K7 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 (MAP3K7), also known as TAK1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K7'' gene. Structure TAK1 is an evolutionarily conserved kinase in the MAP3 K family and clusters with the tyro ...

; MAP3K8 ;

MAP3K9 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP3K9'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." m ...

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MAP4K1 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 1 is a protein kinase that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP4K1'' gene. It is also known as HPK1 (Hematopoietic Progenitor Kinase 1). The protein has been shown to play a role in JNK activatio ...

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MAP4K2 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP4K2'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family. Although this kinase is ...

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MAP4K3 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MAP4K3 gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity. ...

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MAP4K4 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 4 (MAP4K4) – also known as hepatocyte progenitor kinase-like/germinal center kinase-like kinase (HGK) and Nck-interacting kinase (NIK) – is an enzyme, specifically a serine/threonine (S/T) ...

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MAP4K5 Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAP4K5'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family, that is highly similar to yeast SPS1/STE20 kinase. Yea ...

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MAPK1 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, (MAPK 1), also known as ERK2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK1'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extrace ...

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MAPK10 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 also known as c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK10'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as ...

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MAPK11 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK11'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical ...

; MAPK12 ; MAPK13 ;

MAPK14 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 14, also called p38-α, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK14'' gene. MAPK14 encodes p38α mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) which is the prototypic member of the p38 MAPK family. p38 MAPKs ...

; MAPK15 ;

MAPK3 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3, also known as p44MAPK and ERK1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK3'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) famil ...

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MAPK4 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK4'' gene. Mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 is a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family. Tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors activate mitoge ...

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MAPK6 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK6'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family, and is most closely related to mitogen-activated protein kinases ( ...

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MAPK7 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 also known as MAP kinase 7 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK7'' gene. Function MAPK7 is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical ...

; MAPK8 ;

MAPK9 Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPK9'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases act as an integration point for multiple biochemical s ...

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MAPKAPK2 MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPKAPK2'' gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This kinase is regulated through direct phosphorylation by p38 MA ...

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MAPKAPK3 MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPKAPK3'' gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the Ser/Thr protein kinase family. This kinase functions as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP ki ...

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MAPKAPK5 MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MAPKAPK5'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the serine/ threonine kinase family. In response to cellular stress and proinflammatory cytoki ...

; MARK1 ; MARK2 ;

MARK3 MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MARK3'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meani ...

; MARK4 ; MAST1 ; MAST2 ; MAST3 ; MAST4 ;

MASTL ''MASTL'' is an official symbol provided by HGNC for human gene whose official name is micro tubule associated serine/threonine kinase like. This gene is 32,1 kbps long. This gene is also known as GW, GWL, THC2, MAST-L, GREATWALL. This is present ...

; MATK ;

MELK Melk (; older spelling: ) is a city of Austria, in the federal state of Lower Austria, next to the Wachau valley along the Danube. Melk has a population of 5,257 (as of 2012). It is best known as the site of a massive baroque Benedictine monastery ...

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MERTK Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase MER is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MERTK'' gene. Function This gene is a member of the TYRO3/AXL/MER (TAM) receptor kinase family and encodes a transmembrane protein with two fibronectin ...

; MET ; MINK1 ;

MKNK1 MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MKNK1'' gene. Interactions MKNK1 has been shown to interact with MAPK1 and Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma Eukaryotic trans ...

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MKNK2 MAP kinase-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MKNK2'' gene. Interactions MKNK2 has been shown to interact with MAPK1 and Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma Eukaryotic tran ...

; MLKL ; MOK ;

MOS MOS or Mos may refer to: Technology * MOSFET (metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor), also known as the MOS transistor * Mathematical Optimization Society * Model output statistics, a weather-forecasting technique * MOS (filmm ...

; MST1R ;

MUSK Musk ( Persian: مشک, ''Mushk'') is a class of aromatic substances commonly used as base notes in perfumery. They include glandular secretions from animals such as the musk deer, numerous plants emitting similar fragrances, and artificial sub ...

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MYLK Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle also known as kinase-related protein (KRP) or telokin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''MYLK'' gene. Function This gene, a muscle member of the immunoglobulin superfamily, encodes a myosi ...

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MYLK2 Myosin light chain kinase 2 also known as MYLK2 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ''MYLK2'' gene. Function This gene encodes a myosin light chain kinase, a calcium / calmodulin dependent enzyme, that is exclusively expressed in ...

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MYLK3 Myosin light chain kinase 3 also known as MYLK3, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ''MYLK3'' gene. Function Phosphorylation of cardiac myosin heavy chains (see MYH7B) and light chains (see MYL2) by a kinase, such as MYLK3, pot ...

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MYLK4 Myosin light chain kinase 4 also known as MYLK4 is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ''MYLK2'' gene. MYLK4 is a member of the myosin light-chain kinase family of serine/threonine-specific protein kinases that phosphorylate the regulatory ...

; MYO3A ; MYO3B ; NEK1 ; NEK10 ; NEK11 ;

NEK2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''NEK2'' gene. Interactions NEK2 has been shown to interact with MAPK1 and NDC80 Kinetochore protein NDC80 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by th ...

; NEK3 ; NEK4 ; NEK5 ; NEK6 ; NEK7 ; NEK8 ; NEK9 ; NIM1K ;

NLK Serine/threonine protein kinase NLK is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''NLK'' gene. Its name is an abbreviation for ''Nemo-Like Kinase'', Nemo (nmo) being the ''Drosophila'' ortholog Sequence homology is the biological homology b ...

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NPR1 Natriuretic peptide receptor A/guanylate cyclase A (atrionatriuretic peptide receptor A), also known as NPR1, is an atrial natriuretic peptide receptor. In humans it is encoded by the ''NPR1'' gene. Function NPR1 is a membrane-bound guanylate ...

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NPR2 Natriuretic peptide receptor B/guanylate cyclase B (atrionatriuretic peptide receptor B), also known as NPR2, is an atrial natriuretic peptide receptor. In humans it is encoded by the NPR2 gene. A mutation of the NPR2 gene can result in dispropo ...

; NRBP1 ; NRBP2 ;

NRK NRK, an abbreviation of the Norwegian ''Norsk Rikskringkasting AS'', generally expressed in English as the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation, is the Norwegian government-owned radio and television public broadcasting company, and the largest ...

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NTRK1 Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), also known as high affinity nerve growth factor receptor, neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1, or TRK1-transforming tyrosine kinase protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NTRK1'' gen ...

; NTRK2 ;

NTRK3 Tropomyosin receptor kinase C (TrkC), also known as NT-3 growth factor receptor, neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 3, or TrkC tyrosine kinase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''NTRK3'' gene. TrkC is the high affinity catalyt ...

; NUAK1 ; NUAK2 ; OBSCN ; OXSR1 ;

PAK1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PAK1'' gene. PAK1 is one of six members of the PAK family of serine/threonine kinases which are broadly divided into group I (PAK1, PAK2 and PAK3) and group II ...

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PAK2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PAK2'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''gen ...

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PAK3 PAK3 (p21-activated kinase 2, beta-PAK) is one of three members of Group I PAK family of evolutionary conserved serine/threonine kinases. PAK3 is preferentially expressed in neuronal cells and involved in synapse formation and plasticity and me ...

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PAK4 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PAK4'' gene. PAK4 is one of six members of the PAK family of serine/threonine kinases which are divided into group I (PAK1, PAK2 and PAK3) and group II (PAK4, P ...

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PAK5 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PAK5'' gene. The PAK5 enzyme is one of three members of Group II PAK family of serine/ threonine kinases, and evolutionary conserved across species. Discove ...

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PAK6 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PAK6'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''gene ...

; PAN3 ; PASK ; PBK ;

PDGFRA PDGFRA, i.e. platelet-derived growth factor receptor A, also termed PDGFRα, i.e. platelet-derived growth factor receptor α, or CD140a i.e. Cluster of Differentiation 140a, is a receptor located on the surface of a wide range of cell types. This re ...

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PDGFRB Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PDGFRB'' gene. Mutations in PDGFRB are mainly associated with the clonal eosinophilia class of malignancies. Gene The ''PDGFRB'' gene is located on h ...

; PDIK1L ; PDPK1 ; PDPK2P ; PEAK1 ; PEAK3 ; PHKG1 ; PHKG2 ;

PIK3R4 Phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 4, also known as PI3-kinase regulatory subunit 4 or PI3-kinase p150 subunit or phosphoinositide 3-kinase adaptor protein, or ''VPS15'' is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PIK3R4'' gene ...

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PIM1 Proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase Pim-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PIM1'' gene. Pim-1 is a proto-oncogene which encodes for the serine/threonine kinase of the same name. The pim-1 oncogene was first described in ...

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PIM2 PIM2 is a scoring system for rating the severity of medical illness for children, one of several ICU scoring systems. Its name stands for "Paediatric Index of Mortality". It has been designed to provide a predicted mortality for a patient by fol ...

; PIM3 ;

PINK1 PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) is a mitochondrial serine/threonine-protein kinase encoded by the ''PINK1'' gene. It is thought to protect cells from stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. PINK1 activity causes the parkin protein to bind to d ...

; PKDCC ;

PKMYT1 Membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase also known as Myt1 kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PKMYT1'' gene. Myt 1 is an enzyme in the Wee1 family and found in vertebrates. The Wee 1 famil ...

; PKN1 ;

PKN2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase N2 is an enzyme that in humans and '' Strongylocentrotus purpuratus'' is encoded by the ''PKN2'' gene. Interactions PKN2 has been shown to interact with: * AKT1, * NCK1, * PTPN13, * Phosphoinositide-depe ...

; PKN3 ;

PLK1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1, also known as polo-like kinase 1 (PLK-1) or serine/threonine-protein kinase 13 (STPK13), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PLK1'' ( polo-like kinase 1) gene. Structure PLK1 consists of 603 am ...

; PLK2 ; PLK3 ;

PLK4 Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK4 also known as polo-like kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PLK4'' gene. The Drosophila homolog is SAK, the C elegans homolog is zyg-1, and the Xenopus homolog is Plx4. Function ''PLK4' ...

; PLK5 ; PNCK ; POMK ;

PRKAA1 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKAA1'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the serine/threonine protein kinase family. It is the catalytic subunit of the 5' ...

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PRKAA2 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKAA2'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a catalytic subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a h ...

; PRKACA ; PRKACB ; PRKACG ;

PRKCA Protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKCA'' gene. Function Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messe ...

; PRKCB ;

PRKCD Protein kinase C delta type (or PKC-δ) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKCD'' gene. Function Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by the second messeng ...

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PRKCE Protein kinase C epsilon type (PKCε) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKCE'' gene. PKCε is an isoform of the large PKC family of protein kinases that play many roles in different tissues. In cardiac muscle cells, PKCε regulate ...

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PRKCG Protein kinase C gamma type is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKCG'' gene. Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and second messenger diacylglycerol. P ...

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PRKCH Protein kinase C eta type is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKCH'' gene. Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the second messenger diacylglycerol. ...

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PRKCI Protein kinase C iota type is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKCI'' gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the protein kinase C (PKC) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. The PKC family comprises at least eight membe ...

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PRKCQ Protein kinase C theta (PKC-θ) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKCQ'' gene. PKC-θ, a member of serine/threonine kinases, is mainly expressed in hematopoietic cells with high levels in platelets and T lymphocytes, where plays a r ...

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PRKCZ Protein kinase C, zeta (PKCζ), also known as PRKCZ, is a protein in humans that is encoded by the ''PRKCZ'' gene. The PRKCZ gene encodes at least two alternative transcripts, the full-length PKCζ and an N-terminal truncated form PKMζ. PKMζ is ...

; PRKD1 ;

PRKD2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase D2 or PKD2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKD2'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the protein kinase D (PKD) family of serine/threonine protein kinases, a subfamily of ...

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PRKD3 Serine/threonine-protein kinase D3 (PKD3) or PKC-nu is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PRKD3'' gene. Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of serine- and threonine-specific protein kinases that can be activated by calcium and the seco ...

; PRKG1 ; PRKG2 ; PRKX ; PRKY ; PRPF4B ;

PSKH1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase H1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PSKH1'' gene. Interactions PSKH1 has been shown to interact with CDC6 Cell division control protein 6 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ' ...

; PSKH2 ;

PTK2 PTK2 protein tyrosine kinase 2 (PTK2), also known as focal adhesion kinase (FAK), is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the ''PTK2'' gene. PTK2 is a focal adhesion-associated protein kinase involved in cellular adhesion (how cells stick ...

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PTK2B Protein tyrosine kinase 2 beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PTK2B'' gene. Function This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein tyrosine kinase that is involved in calcium-induced regulation of ion channels and activation of the ...

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PTK6 Tyrosine-protein kinase 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PTK6'' gene. Function Tyrosine-protein kinase 6—also known as BRK (breast tumor kinase)—is a cytoplasmic non-receptor protein kinase which may function as an intrace ...

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PTK7 Tyrosine-protein kinase-like 7 also known as colon carcinoma kinase 4 (CCK4) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that in humans is encoded by the ''PTK7'' gene. Function Receptor protein tyrosine kinases transduce extracellular signals across the cel ...

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PXK PX domain containing serine/threonine kinase also known as PXK is a protein which in humans is encoded by the ''PXK'' gene. Function PXK binds to the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase beta-1 ( ATP1B1) and beta-3 ( ATP1B3) subunits and modulates both Na⁺/K� ...

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RAF1 RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase, also known as proto-oncogene c-RAF or simply c-Raf or even Raf-1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RAF1'' gene. The c-Raf protein is part of the ERK1/2 pathway as a MAP kinase ( ...

; RET ; RIOK1 ; RIOK2 ; RIOK3 ;

RIPK1 Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) functions in a variety of cellular pathways related to both cell survival and death. In terms of cell death, RIPK1 plays a role in apoptosis and necroptosis. Some of the cell survival ...

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RIPK2 Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RIPK2'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the receptor-interacting protein (RIP) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. The encoded prot ...

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RIPK3 Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 3 is an enzyme that is encoded by the ''RIPK3'' gene in humans. The product of this gene is a member of the receptor-interacting protein (RIP) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. It cont ...

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RIPK4 Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RIPK4'' gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a serine/threonine protein kinase that interacts with protein kinase C-delta. The encoded pro ...

; RNASEL ;

ROCK1 ROCK1 is a protein serine/threonine kinase also known as rho-associated, coiled-coil-containing protein kinase 1. Other common names are ROKβ and P160ROCK. ROCK1 is a major downstream effecter of the small GTPase RhoA and is a regulator of the a ...

; ROCK2 ;

ROR1 Tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR1, also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1 (NTRKR1), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ROR1'' gene. ROR1 is a member of the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orpha ...

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ROR2 Tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor ROR2, also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 2, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''ROR2'' gene located on position 9 of the long arm of chromosome 9. This protein ...

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ROS1 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase ROS is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ROS1'' gene. Function This proto-oncogene, highly expressed in a variety of tumor cell lines, belongs to the sevenless subfamily of tyrosine kinase i ...

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RPS6KA1 Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RPS6KA1'' gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the RSK (ribosomal S6 kinase) family of serine/threonine kinases. This kinase contains 2 nonidentical k ...

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RPS6KA2 Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RPS6KA2'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the RSK (ribosomal S6 kinase) family of serine and threonine kinases. This kinase contains 2 non-identical kinase ...

; RPS6KA3 ; RPS6KA4 ;

RPS6KA5 Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RPS6KA5'' gene. This kinase, together with RPS6KA4, are thought to mediate the phosphorylation of histone H3, linked to the expression of immediate early genes. ...

; RPS6KA6 ; RPS6KB1 ; RPS6KB2 ;

RPS6KC1 Ribosomal protein S6 kinase delta-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''RPS6KC1'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''ge ...

; RPS6KL1 ; RSKR ; RYK ; SBK1 ; SBK2 ; SBK3 ; SCYL1 ; SCYL2 ; SCYL3 ;

SGK1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk1 also known as serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SGK1 gene. SGK1 belongs to a subfamily of serine/threonine kinases that is under acute transcriptional co ...

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SGK2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''SGK2'' gene. This gene encodes a serine/threonine protein kinase. Although this gene product is similar to serum- and glucocorticoid-induced protein kinase (SGK ...

; SGK223 ;

SGK3 Serine/threonine-protein kinase Sgk3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''SGK3'' gene. Function This gene is a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family and encodes a phosphoprotein with a PX (phox homology) domain. The ...

; SIK1 ; SIK1B ; SIK2 ; SIK3 ; SLK ; SNRK ; SPEG ; SRC ; SRMS ;

SRPK1 Serine/arginine-Rich Splicing Factor (SRSF) protein kinase-1 SRPK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''SRPK1'' gene. Function This gene encodes a serine/arginine protein kinase specific for the SR (serine/arginine-rich domain) fami ...

; SRPK2 ; SRPK3 ; STK10 ;

STK11 Serine/threonine kinase 11 (STK11) also known as liver kinase B1 (LKB1) or renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-19 is a protein kinase that in humans is encoded by the ''STK11'' gene. Expression Testosterone (medication), Testosterone and Dihydrotestos ...

; STK16 ; STK17A ; STK17B ; STK24 ;

STK25 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 25 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''STK25'' gene. Interactions STK25 has been shown to interact with STRN, PDCD10 and MOBKL3 Mps one binder kinase activator-like 3 is an enzyme that in humans is enco ...

; STK26 ; STK3 ; STK31 ; STK32A ; STK32B ; STK32C ; STK33 ; STK35 ;

STK36 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 36 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''STK36'' gene. Interactions STK36 has been shown to interact with GLI1 Zinc finger protein GLI1 also known as glioma-associated oncogene is a protein that in hu ...

; STK38 ; STK38L ; STK39 ;

STK4 Serine/threonine-protein kinase 4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''STK4'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a cytoplasmic kinase that is structurally similar to the yeast Ste20p (sterile 20 protein) kinase, whic ...

; STK40 ; STKLD1 ; STRADA ; STRADB ; STYK1 ;

SYK Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK, also known as spleen tyrosine kinase, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ''SYK'' gene. Function SYK, along with ZAP70, is a member of the Syk family of tyrosine kinases. These cytoplasmic non-receptor t ...

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TAOK1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TAOK1'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''gene ...

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TAOK2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TAOK2'' gene. Interactions TAOK2 has been shown to interact with MAP2K6 Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 also known as MAP kinase ...

; TAOK3 ; TBCK ; TBK1 ; TEC ; TEK ;

TESK1 Dual specificity testis-specific protein kinase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TESK1'' gene. Function This gene product is a serine/threonine protein kinase that contains an N-terminal protein kinase domain and a C-terminal ...

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TESK2 Dual specificity testis-specific protein kinase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TESK2'' gene. Function This gene product is a serine/threonine protein kinase that contains an N-terminal protein kinase domain that is structur ...

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TEX14 Testis-expressed protein 14 is a protein in humans encoded by the TEX14 gene, and is 1497 amino acids in length. TEX14 plays a vital role in the formation of germ cells, as it is an essential component of the mammalian germ cell interphase bridge. ...

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TGFBR1 Transforming growth factor beta receptor I (activin A receptor type II-like kinase, 53kDa) is a membrane-bound TGF beta receptor protein of the TGF-beta receptor family for the TGF beta superfamily of signaling ligands. ''TGFBR1'' is its human ...

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TGFBR2 Transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80kDa) is a TGF beta receptor. ''TGFBR2'' is its human gene. It is a tumor suppressor gene. Function This gene encodes a member of the serine/threonine protein kinase family and the TGFB recepto ...

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TIE1 Tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin-like and EGF-like domains 1 also known as TIE1 is an angiopoietin receptor which in humans is encoded by the ''TIE1'' gene. Function TIE1 is a cell surface protein expressed exclusively in endothelial cells, ...

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TLK1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TLK1'' gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "... Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meani ...

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TLK2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase tousled-like 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TLK2'' gene. Function The Tousled-like kinases, first described in Arabidopsis, are nuclear serine/threonine kinases that are potentially involved i ...

; TNIK ; TNK1 ;

TNK2 Activated CDC42 kinase 1, also known as ACK1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TNK2'' gene. TNK2 gene encodes a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, ACK1, that binds to multiple receptor tyrosine kinases e.g. EGFR, MERTK, AXL, HER2 and i ...

; TNNI3K ; TP53RK ;

TRIB1 Tribbles homolog 1 is a protein kinase that in humans is encoded by the ''TRIB1'' gene. Orthologs of this protein pseudokinase (pseudoenzyme) can be found almost ubiquitously throughout the animal kingdom. It exerts its biological functions throu ...

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TRIB2 Tribbles homolog 2 is an atypical protein kinase that is encoded in human by the ''TRIB2'' gene. TRIB2 is a pseudokinase member of the (pseudoenzyme) class of signaling/scaffold proteins, possessing little vestigial catalytic output in vitro. It is ...

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TRIB3 Tribbles homolog 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''TRIB3'' gene. Function The protein encoded by this gene is a putative protein kinase that is induced by the transcription factor NF-kappaB. It is a pseudoenzyme that is though ...

; TRIO ; TSSK1B ; TSSK2 ; TSSK3 ; TSSK4 ; TSSK6 ; TTBK1 ; TTBK2 ; TTK ; TTN ;

TXK TXK (Telephone eXchange Crossbar) was a range of Crossbar switch, Crossbar exchanges used by the British Post Office telephone network, subsequently BT, between 1964 and 1994. TXC was used as the designation at first, but this was later changed ...

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TYK2 Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TYK2'' gene. Tyk2 was the first member of the JAK family that was described (the other members are JAK1, JAK2, and JAK3). It has been implicated in IFN-α ...

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TYRO3 Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor TYRO3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''TYRO3'' gene. Interactions TYRO3 has been shown to interact with: * GAS6, and * PIK3R1 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha is an enzyme ...

; UHMK1 ;

ULK1 ULK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''ULK1'' gene. Unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase (ULK1/2) are two similar isoforms of an enzyme that in humans are encoded by the ''ULK1/2'' genes. .html" ;"title="/sup>">/sup> .html" ;"t ...

; ULK2 ; ULK3 ; ULK4 ;

VRK1 Serine/threonine-protein kinase VRK1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''VRK1'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. This gene is widely expressed in human ...

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VRK2 Serine/threonine-protein kinase VRK2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''VRK2'' gene. This gene encodes a member of the vaccinia-related kinase (VRK) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. This gene is widely expressed in human ti ...

; VRK3 ;

WEE1 Wee1 is a nuclear kinase belonging to the Ser/Thr family of protein kinases in the fission yeast ''Schizosaccharomyces pombe'' (''S. pombe'')Wee1has a molecular mass of 96 kDa and is a key regulator of cell cycle progression. It influences ...

; WEE2 ;

WNK1 WNK (lysine deficient protein kinase 1), also known as WNK1, is an enzyme that is encoded by the ''WNK1'' gene. WNK1 is serine-threonine protein kinase and part of the "with no lysine/K" kinase WNK family. The predominant role of WNK1 is the regu ...

; WNK2 ;

WNK3 Serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK3, also known as protein kinase lysine-deficient 3, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''WNK3'' gene. Function WNK3 is a protein belonging to the 'with no lysine' family of serine-threonine protei ...

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WNK4 Serine/threonine protein kinase WNK4 also known as WNK lysine deficient protein kinase 4 or WNK4, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''WNK4'' gene. Missense mutations cause a genetic form of pseudohypoaldosteronism type 2, also called Go ...

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YES1 Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Yes is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that in humans is encoded by the ''YES1'' gene. This gene is the cellular homolog of the Yamaguchi sarcoma virus oncogene. The encoded protein has tyrosine kinase acti ...

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ZAP70 ZAP-70 (Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase 70) is a protein normally expressed near the surface membrane of lymphocytes (T cells, natural killer cells, and a subset of B cells). It is most prominently known to be recruited upon antigen binding to ...

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:Protein Kinase Domain Protein domains Peripheral membrane proteins