Amarna letter EA 26 on:  
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Amarna letter EA 26, titled ''To the Queen Mother: Some Missing Gold Statues'', is a shorter-length
clay tablet
In the Ancient Near East, clay tablets (Akkadian ) were used as a writing medium, especially for writing in cuneiform, throughout the Bronze Age and well into the Iron Age.
Cuneiform characters were imprinted on a wet clay tablet with a stylu ...
Amarna letter
The Amarna letters (; sometimes referred to as the Amarna correspondence or Amarna tablets, and cited with the abbreviation EA, for "El Amarna") are an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between t ...
from
Tushratta
Tushratta (Akkadian: and ) was a king of Mitanni, c. 1358–1335 BCE, at the end of the reign of Amenhotep III and throughout the reign of Akhenaten. He was the son of Shuttarna II. Tushratta stated that he was the grandson of Artatama I. His si ...
of
Mittani
Mitanni (; Hittite cuneiform ; ''Mittani'' '), c. 1550–1260 BC, earlier called Ḫabigalbat in old Babylonian texts, c. 1600 BC; Hanigalbat or Hani-Rabbat (''Hanikalbat'', ''Khanigalbat'', cuneiform ') in Assyrian records, or ''Naharin'' in ...
. Unlike the next letter
EA 27 from Tushratta, which is more than twice as tall, and about twice as wide-(XXVII paragraphs), EA 26 is topical and synoptic about recent events about the desire for 'gold statues' (VII paragraphs). The letter is addressed to the Pharaoh's wife,
Teye : ''For the Egyptian name see Tiye (disambiguation).''
Teye (pronounced tie-ya, born 1957 as Teije Wijnterp) is a Dutch guitarist, best known for his flamenco guitar work with the Joe Ely band between 1994 and 2000. After his musical career, Teye ...
, and its dimensions are approximately: tall, wide, and thick.
EA 26 has missing edges, left and right. The piece pictured is the
Oriental Institute of Chicago
The Oriental Institute (OI), established in 1919, is the University of Chicago's interdisciplinary research center for ancient Near Eastern ("Orient") studies and archaeology museum. It was founded for the university by professor James Henry Brea ...
's piece which is part of the obverse, lower-left corner, at the beginning of lines of text. The entire obverse of EA 26 can be see
here with its missing edges and scuffed/eroded surfaces on the edges. The Oriental Institute piece shows the high quality of inscribed
cuneiform
Cuneiform is a logo-syllabic script that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Middle East. The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. It is named for the characteristic wedge-sha ...
, as visible in undamaged sections of EA 26.
The letter
EA 26: ''To the Queen Mother: Some Missing Gold Statues''
EA 26, letter ten of thirteen from Tushratta. (Not a linear, line-by-line translation.)
:''Obverse'' (see here
:(Lines 1-6)--
ayt[o
Teye : ''For the Egyptian name see Tiye (disambiguation).''
Teye (pronounced tie-ya, born 1957 as Teije Wijnterp) is a Dutch guitarist, best known for his flamenco guitar work with the Joe Ely band between 1994 and 2000. After his musical career, Teye ...
], the mistrisss of Egy[pt]: T[hus Tushratta, Tuš]ratta, the king of [
Mittani
Mitanni (; Hittite cuneiform ; ''Mittani'' '), c. 1550–1260 BC, earlier called Ḫabigalbat in old Babylonian texts, c. 1600 BC; Hanigalbat or Hani-Rabbat (''Hanikalbat'', ''Khanigalbat'', cuneiform ') in Assyrian records, or ''Naharin'' in ...
. For me] all goes well. For you may all go w
ll. For ''your household,'' foryour sons, may all go well. For
Tadu-Heba,
y daughter your daughter-in-law, may all go well. For your countries, fo
your ''troops,''and for whatever else belongs to you, may all go very, very
ell
An ell (from Proto-Germanic *''alinō'', cognate with Latin ''ulna'') is a northwestern European unit of measurement, originally understood as a cubit (the combined length of the forearm and extended hand). The word literally means "arm", and ...
:(7-18)--You are the one that knows that I
yselfalways showed love
oMimmureya, your husband, and that Mimmureya,
our
Our or OUR may refer to:
* The possessive form of "we"
* Our (river), in Belgium, Luxembourg, and Germany
* Our, Belgium, a village in Belgium
* Our, Jura, a commune in France
* Office of Utilities Regulation (OUR), a Politics of Jamaica#Regulator ...
husba
d on the other hand, always showed love to me. A
d ''the things''that I wou
d write andsay
Mimmureya, your husband, and the things that Mimmureya, your husband,
ould alwa Ould is an English surname and an Arabic name ( ar, ولد). In some Arabic dialects, particularly Hassaniya Arabic, ولد (the patronymic, meaning "son of") is transliterated as Ould. Most Mauritanians have patronymic surnames.
Notable pe ...
s write and say to me, you,
eli
Eli most commonly refers to:
* Eli (name), a given name, nickname and surname
* Eli (biblical figure)
Eli or ELI may also refer to:
Film
* ''Eli'' (2015 film), a Tamil film
* ''Eli'' (2019 film), an American horror film
Music
* ''Eli'' (Jan ...
a, and Mane know. But you are the on
, ''on the other had,'' who knows much better than all others the things
hat
A hat is a head covering which is worn for various reasons, including protection against weather conditions, ceremonial reasons such as university graduation, religious reasons, safety, or as a fashion accessory. Hats which incorporate mecha ...
we said
o one anther. No one
le knows them (as well).
:(19-29)--
nd nw, you yourself
ai to Keliya, ''"Say to your lord: 'Mi
ureya,''
1 ''my husband, always showed love to yo
rfather, and maintened (it) for you;''
2 ''he did not forge
'
3 ''his love for your father, and he did not cut o
f'
4 ''the
massies that he had been accustomed to sending, one after the other. And now you are the one that must not forget your
ve''
5 ''for Mimmu
eya your brother. Increase (it) f
rNaphurre
and maintiain (it) for hi
You must keep on send
ngembassies of joy,''
6 ''one after the other. Do not cut
hem
A hem in sewing is a garment finishing method, where the edge of a piece of cloth is folded and sewn to prevent unravelling of the fabric and to adjust the length of the piece in garments, such as at the end of the sleeve or the bottom of the ga ...
off.' "''
:(30-39)--I will
otfo
get
Get or GET may refer to:
* Get (animal), the offspring of an animal
* Get (divorce document), in Jewish religious law
* GET (HTTP), a type of HTTP request
* "Get" (song), by the Groggers
* Georgia Time, used in the Republic of Georgia
* Get AS, a ...
''
8 the love for Mimmureya, your husband. More than ever be
oe,
9 at this very moment, I show 10 times — much, much — more love to Naphurreya, your son. ''
our are the one who knows' the words of Mimmureya,
our
Our or OUR may refer to:
* The possessive form of "we"
* Our (river), in Belgium, Luxembourg, and Germany
* Our, Belgium, a village in Belgium
* Our, Jura, a commune in France
* Office of Utilities Regulation (OUR), a Politics of Jamaica#Regulator ...
husb
nd, ''but' you did not ''s
nd'
10 all of my
greeting-gift11 that ''
our husband ordered' to ''
e sent'' I had asked
12 our husbandfor
tatuesof sol
dcast
old
Old or OLD may refer to:
Places
*Old, Baranya, Hungary
*Old, Northamptonshire, England
*Old Street station, a railway and tube station in London (station code OLD)
*OLD, IATA code for Old Town Municipal Airport and Seaplane Base, Old Town, Mai ...
saying, ''"
ay my brother send me
Ay, AY or variants, may refer to:
People
* Ay (pharaoh), a pharaoh of the 18th Egyptian dynasty
* Merneferre Ay, a pharaoh of the 13th Egyptian dynasty
* A.Y. (musician) (born 1981), a Tanzanian "bongo flava" artist
* A.Y, stage name of Ayo Makun ...
a
13 ''statues of solid cast gold and ... ... of gold"> my greeting gift,''13 ''statues of solid cast gold and ... ... of gold' and genuine
lapis lazuli
Lapis lazuli (; ), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color.
As early as the 7th millennium BC, lapis lazuli was mined in the Sar-i Sang mines, ...
."
:''Reverse'' (see here
:(lines 40-48)—But now Nap
urreya, your son has plated
tatuesof wood. With gold being the dirt
n your son's country, wy have they been a source of such dis
ressto your son that he has not given them to me?
14 Furthermore, I asked ...
.. t give ''th
s''
15 Is this love? I had sa
d ''"Naphurre
a,'' ''my brother'' ''is going to treat me
10 times better that his father did."'' But now he has not
iven meeven what his father was accustomed to give.
:(49-57)—Wh
have you
o exposed before Naph
rreyathe words t
at you yourelf, and with your own mouth, said to
e If
oudo not expose them before him, and ''y
u keep silent
U or u, is the twenty-first and sixth-to-last letter and fifth vowel letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''u'' (pro ...
''
16 ''can anyone
le know?'' Let
apurreya give me statues of sol
dgold! He must cause me no
isress whasover, nor
... Let him treat m
10 times better
hn his father did,
ih love and evidence of es
eem
The Eem (; formerly the Amer) is a river in the central Netherlands with a length of approximately .
The river is fed by the Vallei Canal and a number of Veluwe creeks, the most important of which are the Heiligenberger Beek, the Barneveldse Beek ...
:(58-63)—May your own
messenger
''MESSENGER'' was a NASA robotic space probe that orbited the planet Mercury between 2011 and 2015, studying Mercury's chemical composition, geology, and magnetic field. The name is a backronym for "Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geoche ...
s g
regularly with the messen
ers o
ERS, Ers or ers may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* Egyptian Ratscrew or Slap, a card game
* Elevator Repair Service, an American theater ensemble
Economics and finance
* ERS10, a share index of the Serbian Banja Luka Stock Exchange
* Ec ...
Naphurreya, with 5
.. t Yuni, my wife, and may the
messen s o">ers o
Yuni, my wife,
regula
lyto
ou
:(64-66)–I
erwith
end
End, END, Ending, or variation, may refer to:
End
*In mathematics:
**End (category theory)
**End (topology)
**End (graph theory)
** End (group theory) (a subcase of the previous)
**End (endomorphism)
*In sports and games
**End (gridiron football) ...
as your
Greeting-gift scent containers
17 illedwith "sweet oil," (and) 1 set of stones ''
et in gold''—(complete EA 26, lines 1-66, with various major & minor
lacunae)
Akkadian text
Text:
Akkadian language
Akkadian (, Akkadian: )John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", ''The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages''. Ed. Roger D. Woodard (2004, Cambridge) Pages 218-280 is an extinct East Semitic language th ...
,
sumerogram
A Sumerogram is the use of a Sumerian cuneiform character or group of characters as an ideogram or logogram rather than a syllabogram in the graphic representation of a language other than Sumerian, such as Akkadian or Hittite.
Sumerograms are no ...
s, Egyptianisms, etc.
Akkadian:
Obverse:
Paragraph I (see her
:(Line 1)--
a (cuneiform), A-
na MUNUS-
Te-
I-
E NIN
KUR
The ancient Mesopotamian underworld, most often known in Sumerian as Kur, Irkalla, Kukku, Arali, or Kigal and in Akkadian as Erṣetu, although it had many names in both languages, was a dark, dreary cavern located deep below the ground, where ...
M - iṢ-
Ri-(Egypt) qí (cuneiform)">qí-bil (cuneiform)">bí-ma (cuneiform)">ma ">
Ri-(Egypt)
qí-
bí-ma (cuneiform)">ma :(2)--um (cuneiform)">umma (cuneiform)">ma 1.
diš (cuneiform)">diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
Du-
uŠ-">uš_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="du (cuneiform)">Du-uš (cuneiform)">uŠ-[rat (cuneiform)">RaT
Rats are various medium-sized, long-tailed rodents. Species of rats are found throughout the order Rodentia, but stereotypical rats are found in the genus ''Rattus''. Other rat genera include ''Neotoma'' ( pack rats), ''Bandicota'' (bandicoot ...
-
Ta LUGAL (king Sumerogram)">LUGAL
Lugal ( Sumerian: ) is the Sumerian term for "king, ruler". Literally, the term means "big man." In Sumerian, ''lu'' "𒇽" is "man" and ''gal'' "𒃲" is "great," or "big."
It was one of several Sumerian titles that a ruler of a city-state could ...
Mi-
Ta-">ta_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="UR
Mi-ta (cuneiform)">Ta-[an (cuneiform)">aN-ni (cuneiform)">Ni
a na ia-
ši
:(3)--šul (cuneiform)">šul-mu (cuneiform)">mu
a na ka-
a-
ši lu-
ú šul (cuneiform)">šul-[-mu (cuneiform)">mu
a na É-
ka a na ">ka (cuneiform)">ka
a na :(4)--
DUMU-
MEŠ-">DUMU (son Sumerogram)">DUMU-
MEŠ-
ka lu-ú (cuneiform)">ú šul (cuneiform)">šul-mu (cuneiform)">mu
a na ta (cuneiform)">Ta-
A.html" ;"title="a (cuneiform), A">a (cuneiform), A-Tu
4-
Hé-
Pa
:(5)--É-GI
4-
a (cuneiform), A-
ka lu-
ú šul-
mu a (cuneiform), a
na KUR
The ancient Mesopotamian underworld, most often known in Sumerian as Kur, Irkalla, Kukku, Arali, or Kigal and in Akkadian as Erṣetu, although it had many names in both languages, was a dark, dreary cavern located deep below the ground, where ...
.
KUR
The ancient Mesopotamian underworld, most often known in Sumerian as Kur, Irkalla, Kukku, Arali, or Kigal and in Akkadian as Erṣetu, although it had many names in both languages, was a dark, dreary cavern located deep below the ground, where ...
-
ka a-[ -
na x(=ERIM (Sumerogram), ERIM)-
ka
:(6)--
ù MIM.
mu (cuneiform), MU-
ka dan (cuneiform), dan-
is dan (cuneiform), dan-
is lu-
ú šul-mu (cuneiform)">mu ">šul_(cuneiform)">šul<_a>-mu_(cu.html" ;"title="šul_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="šul (cuneiform)">šul-mu (cuneiform)">mu
:(1)--(To Tiye,..
--(1.3)--Mistress land Egypt (Miṣri),.. Speak!... )
:(2)--('Message thus' 1.-
Tushratta
Tushratta (Akkadian: and ) was a king of Mitanni, c. 1358–1335 BCE, at the end of the reign of Amenhotep III and throughout the reign of Akhenaten. He was the son of Shuttarna II. Tushratta stated that he was the grandson of Artatama I. His si ...
, King land
Mitanni
Mitanni (; Hittite cuneiform ; ''Mittani'' '), c. 1550–1260 BC, earlier called Ḫabigalbat in old Babylonian texts, c. 1600 BC; Hanigalbat or Hani-Rabbat (''Hanikalbat'', ''Khanigalbat'', cuneiform ') in Assyrian records, or ''Naharin'' in ...
!..
--(2.8)--For me,.. )
:(3)--(Peace,..
--(3.1)--For you,.. "may there be" Peace!..
--(3.7)--For (family)-Household-yours,.. )
:(4)--((for) "Sons"-(compatriot)s(pl)-yours, "may there be" Peace!..
--(4.4)For
Tadu-khipa,.. Daughter-mine,.. )
:(5)--(Daughter-in-law-yours,.. "may there be" Peace!..
--(5.5)--For 'country-lands(pl)-yours,.. For Armys(pl)-yours,.. )
:(6)--(and Everything-yours,...
--(6.5)--Strongly,.. Strongly, (fervently) "May it Be" Peace-full!... )
----
(Double-line ruling)
Obverse: Paragraph II
----
:(7)--
at-
ti-
i-
ma ti-
i-
ta-
a-
an-
ni,..
ki-
i-
me-
e a-
na-
ku(?)
it ti--((K)âti idû,.. kīma itti )
:(8)--1.
diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
Mi-
iM-
Mu-
Ri-
iYa,
mu-
ti-
i-
ka,..
ar-
ta-
na-'a-
am!..--(1.Mimmuriya, mutu-ka,.. ra'āmu!.. )
:(9)--
ù 1.
diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
Mi-
iM-
Mu-
Ri-
iYa,..
ap-pu (cuneiform)">pu-
na,..
mu-
ut-[
ka?,.. ">ut (cuneiform)">ut-
ka?,.. -(Ù 1.Mimmuriya,.. appu,.. ?mahru? )
:(10)--
ki-
i-
me-
e it ti-
ia,..
ir-
ta-
na-'a-
am,.. [ ?
a na? ?
ia-ši (cuneiform)">ši? ">ši_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="ia (cuneiform)">ia-ši (cuneiform)">ši? -(kīma itti-ia,.. ra'āmu,.. iāši!.. )
:(11)--?
Ù? 1.
diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
Mi-
iM-
Mu-
Ri-
iYa,..
mu-
tu-
ki,..
ša a-
ša-[-ap (cuneiform)">ap-
pa-ru (cuneiform)">ru,.. ">ap_(cuneif.html" ;"title="ap_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="ša (cuneiform)">ša-[-ap (cuneiform)">ap-pa (cuneiform)">pa-ru (cuneiform)">ru,.. -(Ù 1.Mimmuriya,.. mutu-ka,.. ša šapāru,.. )
:(12)--
ù ša a-
tap-bu (cuneiform)">bu-bu (cuneiform)">bu ù (cuneiform)">ù 1.
diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
Mi-
iM-
Mu-
Ri-
iYa--(ù,.. ša dabābu(discussed),.. Ù 1.Mimmuriya,.. )
:(13)--[ x x ]-na?
mu-
ti-
ki a-
ma-
te-
meš
The cuneiform MEŠ, or meš is a plural form attached at the end of Mesopotamian cuneiform words as a suffix. As part of a name (PN, personal name, or other), or major class being referenced, in capital letters (a Sumerogram form), it is typical ...
,..
a na ia-
ši-
ša ">ša_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="ša (cuneiform)">ša -([ xx ?idû ">ša_(cuneiform)">ša<_a>_.html" ;"title="ša_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="ša (cuneiform)">ša ">ša_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="ša (cuneiform)">ša -([ xx ?idû mutu-ki amatu-meš,.. a-na(=itti) iāši-[?ša?]
:(14)--[ xx
ù Ša (cuneiform), ša š-]-
ap-
pa-
ru,..
ù ša i-
tap-
bu-
bu,..
at-
ti-
i ">
i -(
xx špāru,.. ù ša dabābu(discussed),.. #1-(k)âti ,.. )
:(15)--1.
diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
iK-
Li-
iYa,.. 1.
diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
Ma-
Né
A birth name is the name of a person given upon birth. The term may be applied to the surname, the given name, or the entire name. Where births are required to be officially registered, the entire name entered onto a birth certificate or birth reg ...
-
E i-
te,..
ù at-
ti-
i ">
i -(#2 1.-Keliya,.. #3 1.-Mane idû!.. Ù (k)âti )
:(16)--
x x x šu
The cuneiform šu sign is a common, multi-use syllabic and alphabetic sign for ''šu'', ''š'', and ''u''; it has a subsidiary usage for syllabic ''qat''; it also has a majuscule-(capital letter) Sumerogram usage for ŠU, for Akkadian language ...
-
nu-
ma ti-
i-
te a-
ma-
te-
meš
The cuneiform MEŠ, or meš is a plural form attached at the end of Mesopotamian cuneiform words as a suffix. As part of a name (PN, personal name, or other), or major class being referenced, in capital letters (a Sumerogram form), it is typical ...
--(
x x x idû, amatu-meš, )
:(17)-
ša it-">ša_(cuneiform).html" ;"title="ša (cuneiform)">ša
it-
ti ha-mi (cuneiform)">mi-iš (cuneiform)">iš,..
ni-
id-
bu-
bu ma-
am-
ma--(ša itti ahāmiš,.. nadû mimma )
:(18)--
ša-
nu-">ša (cuneiform)">ša-
nu-
um-
ma,..
la i-
te-
šu
The cuneiform šu sign is a common, multi-use syllabic and alphabetic sign for ''šu'', ''š'', and ''u''; it has a subsidiary usage for syllabic ''qat''; it also has a majuscule-(capital letter) Sumerogram usage for ŠU, for Akkadian language ...
-
nu--(šanu,.. lā idû!..)
:(7)--You know,.. (that) Always
with..
:(8)--1.Mi-iM-Mu-Ri-iYa Husband-yours,.. "I showed Love"!...
:(9)--..and 1.Mi-iM-Mu-Ri-iYa,.. foremost,.. ?topmost?,..
:(10)--"always"(as/if) with-myself,.. "showed Love",.. 'to Me'!...
:(11)--..And, 1.Mi-iM-Mu-Ri-iYa, Husband-yours,.. What sent,..
:(12)--..and What "written about"(discussed),.. But 1.Mi-iM-Mu-Ri-iYa,..
:(13)--
? knows ? Husband-yours,.. 'discussions', by Me!...
:(14)--
.But,.. What.. snt,.. and What "written about"(discussed),..
--(14.9)--#1-YOU,..
:(15)-#2-1.-
Keliya, and #3-1.-
Mane,.. Know!..(are Aware-of)
--(15.8)--But You,..
----
370px
(Double-line ruling)
Obverse: Paragraph III
----
:(19)--
Ù a-
nu-]-[
um-
ma,..
at-
ti-
i-
ma,..
a na 1.
diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
Gi-
Li-
iYA--(Ù enūma,.. (k)âti,.. ana
Keliya )
:(20)--
ta-
aq-">aq (cuneiform)">aq-
ta-
bi a na,..
be-
li i-
ka,..
qí-
bi i-
me--(qabû,.. ..Ana Bēlu-ka:.. (
Quote)Qabû.. )
''Beginning of Line 21: 1. '': Start of Fracture corner. ''Lines 23, 24, and 25, all begin with "And (But)" '' (
Ù)
:(21)--1.
diš
Diš is a cuneiform sign represented by 𒁹 or . It has many uses in cuneiform texts, including in the ''Epic of Gilgamesh''.
Description
𒁹 is a cuneiform sign. In Unicode, it is represented by U+12079 (DISH)
Use of the vertical sign
In t ...
-
Mi-
iM-
Mu-
Ri-
iYa,..
mu-
ti,..
it-
ti a-
bi-
i-
ka--(1.Mimmuriya,.. mutu,.. itti abu-ka,.. )
:(22)--
ir-
ta-
na-'a-
am-
me,..
ù ak-
ka-
a-
ša,..
it-
ta-
ṣa-
ar-
ka--(..ra'āmu!.. Ù kâša,..itti-(him).. )
:(23)--
Ù,..
it-
ti a-
bi-
i-
ka,..
ra-'a-
mu-
ut-
ta-
šu
The cuneiform šu sign is a common, multi-use syllabic and alphabetic sign for ''šu'', ''š'', and ''u''; it has a subsidiary usage for syllabic ''qat''; it also has a majuscule-(capital letter) Sumerogram usage for ŠU, for Akkadian language ...
!..
La im-
še!..--(..Ù,.. itti abu-ka,.. ra'āmu!.. ..Lā mašû!.. )
:(24)--
Ù,..
har
Har or HAR may refer to:
People
* Har Bilas Sarda (1867-1955), Indian academic, judge and politician
* Har Sharma (1922–1992), Indian cricket umpire
Mythology
* Hár and Hárr, among the many names of Odin in Norse mythology
* Horus, an Eg ...
-
ra-
na,..
ša il-
ta-
na-
ap-
pa-
ru,..
la ip-
ru-
us--(..Ù harrānu,.. ša (napharau)(commonplace),.. Lā parāsu!.. )
:(19)--And now-(at-this-time),.. You,.. to
Keliya,
:(20)--..Say,.. to Lord-yours:.. (
Quote)Say..
:(21)--1.Mi-iM-Mu-Ri-iYa,.. Husband,.. with(concerning) Father-yours,..
:(22)--"showed Love"!.. ..And You,.. with Him!..
:(23)--..And,.. with Father-yours, "showed Love"!.. 'Never' forgetting!..
:(24)—..And,.. "diplomatic trips" which commonplace,.. 'Not' stopping!..
:(25)—..And .. Later You .. With 1.Mi-iM-Mu-Ri-iYa,..
:(26)—..Brother-yours .. Loved !, .. Not Forgetting ..
:(27)—1.Neb-Kheper-Ru-ia Great! .. And Send(Issue) ..
:(28)—..And (But) "diplomatic trips" "which of" "to be joy" .. Return ..
:(29)—..Not .... I..N..T..E..R..R..U..P..T.ing !!..
(Unquote)
Note: ''The last line of Para III, uses cuneiform:
La, for "not" ("no"), Akkadian "lā", but of course, it is obvious, that the verb is spread across the entire last line, 29, as an embellishment, and an "exclamation", to the topic of Paragraph III.'' (The fractured piece has only the first two cuneiform characters,
ta &
pa, for Akkadian language">Akkadian
Akkadian or Accadian may refer to:
* Akkadians, inhabitants of the Akkadian Empire
* Akkadian language, an extinct Eastern Semitic language
* Akkadian literature, literature in this language
* Akkadian cuneiform
Cuneiform is a logo- syllabi ...
''parāsu'', meaning: "to separate, cut, decide".,