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outline Outline or outlining may refer to: * Outline (list), a document summary, in hierarchical list format * Code folding, a method of hiding or collapsing code or text to see content in outline form * Outline drawing, a sketch depicting the outer edge ...
is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Spain: Spain – sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the African coast, three exclaves in North Africa, Ceuta, Melilla, and Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera that border Morocco, and the islands and peñones (rocks) of Alborán, Chafarinas, Alhucemas, and Perejil. Spain is a democracy organized in the form of a parliamentary government under a constitutional monarchy. It is a developed country with the 13th largest economy in the world. It is a member of the European Union, United Nations, NATO, OECD, WTO and many other international organizations. Spain Population: 2018: 46,960,000 2019: 46,450,000 2020: 46,460,000 2021: 46,420,000


General reference

* Pronunciation: **English **Spanish:) * Common English country name: Spain * Official English country name: The Kingdom of Spain or Spain * Common
endonym An endonym (from Greek: , 'inner' + , 'name'; also known as autonym) is a common, ''native'' name for a geographical place, group of people, individual person, language or dialect, meaning that it is used inside that particular place, group, ...
:
España , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
* Official endonym: Reino de España, España * Adjectival: Spanish *
Demonym A demonym (; ) or gentilic () is a word that identifies a group of people (inhabitants, residents, natives) in relation to a particular place. Demonyms are usually derived from the name of the place (hamlet, village, town, city, region, province, ...
:
Spaniard Spaniards, or Spanish people, are a Romance ethnic group native to Spain. Within Spain, there are a number of national and regional ethnic identities that reflect the country's complex history, including a number of different languages, both ind ...
* Etymology: Name of Spain * International rankings of Spain * ISO country codes: ES, ESP, 724 * ISO region codes: See ISO 3166-2:ES * Internet country code top-level domain:
.es .es (espana) is the country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Spain. It is administered by the Network Information Centre of Spain. Registrations are permitted at the second level or at the third level beneath various generic second level categ ...
* International Direct Dialing uses the prefix +34. Then a first digit 9 indicates a fixed landline, 6 or 7 are for mobile cellphones


Geography of Spain

Geography of Spain * Spain is a: ** Country ***
Developed country A developed country (or industrialized country, high-income country, more economically developed country (MEDC), advanced country) is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy and advanced technological infrastruct ...
** Nation state *** Sovereign state *** Member State of the European Union * Location: **
Northern Hemisphere The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator. For other planets in the Solar System, north is defined as being in the same celestial hemisphere relative to the invariable plane of the solar system as Earth's Nort ...
, on the Prime Meridian ** Eurasia *** Europe **** Southern Europe **** Western Europe **** Iberian Peninsula – Spain occupies most of this peninsula, sharing it with Portugal ** Time zones: ***
Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocc ...
 – Western European Time (
UTC+00 UTC+00:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +00:00. In ISO 8601, an example of the associated time would be written as 2019-02-07T23:28:34+00:00. It is also known by the following geographical or historical names: *Greenwich Mean ...
), Western European Summer Time ( UTC+01) *** Rest of Spain – Central European Time ( UTC+01), Central European Summer Time (
UTC+02 UTC+02:00 is an identifier for a time offset from UTC of +02:00. In ISO 8601, the associated time would be written as 2020-11-08T23:41:45+02:00. This time is used in: As standard time (year-round) ''Principal cities: Cairo, Pretoria, Cape ...
) **
Extreme points of Spain This is a list of the extreme points of Spain — the points that are farther north, south, east or west than any other location. Spain * Northernmost Point — Punta de Estaca de Bares, Mañón, Corunna at * Southernmost Point — ...
*** High: Teide on Tenerife - highest point in
Canary Islands The Canary Islands (; es, Canarias, ), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean, in Macaronesia. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are west of Morocc ...

         Mulhacén - highest point in continental Spain *** Low: North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea 0 m ** Land boundaries: 1,918 km :: 1,214 km :: 623 km :: 64 km :: 16 km :: 1 km, not recognized by Spain :* Coastline: 4,964 km *
Population of Spain As of 1 January 2020, Spain had a total population of 47,431,256, which represents a 0.9% increase since 2019. The modern Kingdom of Spain arose from the accretion of several independent Iberian realms, including the Kingdoms of León, Casti ...
: 46,063,500 (January 2008) - 28th most populous country * * Area of Spain: 504,030 km2 ** Second largest country in Western Europe (behind France) * Altitude: ** Average altitude: 650 m ** Rank: second highest country in Europe (behind Switzerland) * Atlas of Spain


Environment of Spain

*
Geology of Spain The geology of the Iberian Peninsula consists of the study of the rock formations on the Iberian Peninsula, which includes Spain, Portugal, Andorra, and Gibraltar. The peninsula contains rocks from every geological period from the Ediacaran to t ...
* Climate of Spain *
Renewable energy in Spain Spain, along with other European Union States, has a target of generating 32% of all its energy needs from renewable energy sources by 2030. A previous target of 20% for 2020, with an additional 0.8% available for other EU countries under the co ...
*
Environmental issues in Spain Spain is a country located in southwestern Europe occupying most (about 82 percent) of the Iberian Peninsula. It also includes a small exclave inside France called Llívia, as well as the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, the Canary Isla ...
** Biosphere reserves in Spain ** National parks of Spain ** Sites of Community Importance in Spain *
Wildlife of Spain The wildlife of Spain includes the diverse flora and fauna of Spain. The country located at the south of France has two long coastlines, one on the north on the Cantabrian Sea, another on the East and South East on the Mediterranean Sea, and a sma ...
**
Fauna of Spain Fauna of Spain may refer to: * List of birds of Spain * List of mammals of Spain * Wildlife of Spain See also * Outline of Spain The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Spain: Spain – sovereign s ...
*** Birds of Spain *** Mammals of Spain


Natural geographic features of Spain

* Beaches in Spain * Glaciers of Spain * Islands of Spain *
Lakes of Spain A lake is an area filled with water, localized in a basin, surrounded by land, and distinct from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Lakes lie on land and are not part of the ocean, although, like the much large ...
*
Mountains of Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
** Volcanoes in Spain *
Rivers of Spain This is an incomplete list of rivers that are at least partially in Spain. The rivers flowing into the sea are sorted along the coast. Rivers flowing into other rivers are listed by the rivers they flow into. Rivers in the mainland Iberian Peninsu ...
**
Waterfalls of Spain A waterfall is a point in a river or stream where water flows over a vertical drop or a series of steep drops. Waterfalls also occur where meltwater drops over the edge of a tabular iceberg or ice shelf. Waterfalls can be formed in several wa ...
*
Valleys of Spain A valley is an elongated low area often running between hills or mountains, which will typically contain a river or stream running from one end to the other. Most valleys are formed by erosion of the land surface by rivers or streams over ...
*
World Heritage Sites in Spain The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Cultural her ...


Regions of Spain


Ecological regions of Spain

List of ecoregions in Spain * Ecoregions in Spain


Administrative divisions of Spain

Administrative divisions of Spain * Autonomous communities of Spain ** Provinces of Spain *** Municipalities of Spain


=Autonomous communities of Spain

= Autonomous communities of Spain – each has its own parliament and government * By name ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** ** * By statistic ** Spanish autonomous communities by area ** Spanish autonomous communities by population


= Autonomous cities of Spain

= Autonomous cities of Spain – less autonomous than the autonomous communities, but with more autonomy than Spain's other cities * *


= Other territory

= * Spanish
exclave An enclave is a territory (or a small territory apart of a larger one) that is entirely surrounded by the territory of one other state or entity. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is sometimes used improperly to deno ...
s: ** Ceuta **
Melilla Melilla ( , ; ; rif, Mřič ; ar, مليلية ) is an autonomous city of Spain located in north Africa. It lies on the eastern side of the Cape Three Forks, bordering Morocco and facing the Mediterranean Sea. It has an area of . It was par ...
** Llívia * Places of sovereignty near Morocco, consisting of: ** Islas Chafarinas ** Peñón de Alhucemas **
Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (; ) is a Spanish exclave and rocky tied island, in the western Mediterranean Sea, connected to the Moroccan shore by a sandy isthmus. It is also connected to a smaller islet to the east, La Isleta, by a rocky isthmus. The tied island was name ...
**
Isla de Alborán Alboran Island ( es, Isla de Alborán) is a small islet of Spain ( province of Almería) in the Alboran Sea, part of the western Mediterranean Sea, about north of the Moroccan coast and from the Spanish mainland. The main buildings are an auto ...
**
Isla Perejil Perejil Island ( es, Isla de Perejil, ber, Tura or , ar, تورة, translit=Tūra), also known as Parsley Island, is a small, uninhabited rocky islet located off the coast of Morocco. It is administered by Spain as one of the ''plazas de so ...


=Provinces of Spain

= Provinces of Spain * Spanish provinces by area * Spanish provinces by coastline * Spanish provinces by population * Spanish provinces by name:


= Comarcas of Spain

= Comarcas of Spain *
Comarcas of Aragon Here is a list of the administrative ''comarcas'' (counties) in the autonomous community of Aragon in Spain. They were officially delimited in 1999, with substantial changes over a previously proposed division. See also *Comarcal council *Com ...
*
Comarcas of Asturias Asturias, an autonomous community in Spain, is divided into eight comarcas. These ''comarcas'' are not an administrative division of the autonomous community, and are only used as a system to homogenize the statistical data made by the Principality ...
*
Comarques of Catalonia This is a list of the 42 ''comarques'' (singular ''comarca'', , ) into which Catalonia is divided. A ''comarca'' is a group of municipalities, roughly equivalent to a county in the US or a district or council in the UK. However, in the context ...
* Comarques of the Valencian Community


=Municipalities of Spain

= Municipalities of Spain *
Capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...
of Spain: Madrid * Metropolitan areas in Spain * List of municipalities (cities) of Spain – Spain's approximately 8100 municipalities comprise the basic level of Spanish local government ** Autonomous cities of Spain ** Ranked lists of Spanish municipalities


Demography of Spain

Demographics of Spain


Government and politics of Spain

Politics of Spain *
Form of government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...
: Constitutional monarchy *
Capital Capital may refer to: Common uses * Capital city, a municipality of primary status ** List of national capital cities * Capital letter, an upper-case letter Economics and social sciences * Capital (economics), the durable produced goods used f ...
of Spain: Madrid * Anarchism in Spain * Elections in Spain *
Political parties in Spain This article serves as a list of the political parties in Spain. Spain has a multi-party system at both the national and regional level. Nationally, there are five dominant parties: United We Can ( Podemos– IU), the Spanish Socialist Workers ...
** Partido Popular or PP Mainstream Centre-Right associated with the main Employers Organization and
clerics Clergy are formal leaders within established religions. Their roles and functions vary in different religious traditions, but usually involve presiding over specific rituals and teaching their religion's doctrines and practices. Some of the ter ...
** Partido Socialista Obrero Español mainstream social-democrats linked to Unión General de Trabajadores trade union and the Confederación Empresarial de Economia Social ** Podemos, a recently formed left-wing populist party ** Citizens (Ciudadanos, "Cs") a recently established liberal and unionist party **
Political parties in Catalonia Politics (from , ) is the set of activities that are associated with making decisions in groups, or other forms of power relations among individuals, such as the distribution of resources or status. The branch of social science that studies ...
* Liberalism and radicalism in Spain *
Social Security in Spain The social security system (Spanish: ''seguridad social'') in Spain is its principal system of social protection. The concept of social security first appeared in Spain in 1883 under the Committee for Social Reform, it was expanded several times du ...
*
Taxation in Spain Taxes in Spain are levied by national (central), regional and local governments. Tax revenue in Spain stood at 36.3% of GDP in 2013. A wide range of taxes are levied on different sources, the most important ones being income tax, social security ...
* Corruption in Spain


Monarchy of Spain

Monarchy of Spain * Head of state:
King of Spain , coatofarms = File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg , coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the King of Spain , image = Felipe_VI_in_2020_(cropped).jpg , incumbent = Felipe VI , incumbentsince = 19 Ju ...
, Felipe VI ** List of heads of state of Spain ** List of titles and honours of the Spanish Crown ***
List of titles and honours of Felipe VI of Spain A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union ...
** Line of succession to the Spanish Throne **
Monarchs of Spain family tree The following is the family tree of the Spanish monarchs starting from Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon till the present day. The former kingdoms of Aragon (see family tree), Castile (see family tree) and Navarre (see family tree) w ...
**
Christmas Eve National Speech The King's Christmas Speech, formally known as His Majesty The King's Christmas Message ( es, Mensaje de Navidad de S.M. el Rey) is a broadcast by the reigning King of Spain to Spanish people every Christmas Eve since 1975. The speech is aired on ...
** Coat of arms of the King of Spain * Royal Household of Spain **
Spanish Royal Family The Spanish royal family consists of King Felipe VI, Queen Letizia, their children (Leonor, Princess of Asturias and Infanta Sofía of Spain), and Felipe's parents, King Juan Carlos I and Queen Sofía. The royal family lives at Zarzuela Palace i ...
**
Spanish royal sites The Royal Sites ( es, Reales Sitios) are a set of palaces, monasteries, and convents built for and under the patronage of the Spanish monarchy. They are administered by Patrimonio Nacional ''(National Heritage)'', a Spanish state agency; most are ...
* Spanish nobility *
Annus horribilis (pl. ''anni horribiles'') is a Latin phrase, meaning "horrible year". It is complementary to , which means "wonderful year". Origin of phrase The phrase was used in 1891 in an Anglican publication to describe 1870, the year in which the dogma ...
* Bourbon claim to the Spanish throne *
Caballerizo mayor The Caballerizo mayor (Great Equerry) was the Officer of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain in charge of the trips, the mews and the hunt of the King of Spain. Regime during the 16th to 18th centuries The Office of “Cabal ...
* Camarera mayor de Palacio * Chamber of Peers (Spain) * Crown of Aragon *
Descendants of Charles III of Spain Charles III of Spain is the third surviving son of the first Bourbon King of Spain Philip V and Elisabeth Farnese. The descendants of Charles III of Spain, are numerous. Growing up in Madrid till he was 16, he was sent to the Italian Sovereign ...
* Coat of arms of the Prince of Asturias * Ancestry of Felipe VI of Spain *
Gentilhombres de cámara con ejercicio The Gentilhombres de cámara con ejercicio (Gentlemen of the Bedchamber) was a palatial class of honorary royal servants of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain, who acceded to that class as an honor awarded by the Monarch. The ...
* Imperator totius Hispaniae * Ancestry of Juan Carlos I of Spain *
Kingdom of Gibraltar The Kingdom of Gibraltar (''Reino de Gibraltar'') was one of the many historic substantive titles pertaining to the Castilian monarchy and its successor, the Spanish monarchy, belonging to what is known as ''Grand Title'' ( es, Título Grande). ...
* List of titles and honours of Leonor, Princess of Asturias *
Queen Letizia of Spain Letizia Ortiz Rocasolano (; born 15 September 1972) is the Queen of Spain as the wife of King Felipe VI. She came from a middle-class family and worked as a journalist for ''ABC'' and EFE before becoming a news anchor at CNN+ and Televisión E ...
* Line of succession to the Spanish throne * List of titles and honours of Juan Carlos I of Spain *
List of titles and honours of Queen Letizia of Spain A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may also refer to: People * List (surname) Organizations * List College, an undergraduate division of the Jewish Theological Seminary of America * SC Germania List, German rugby union ...
*
Mayordomo mayor {{short description, High Steward of Spain The Mayordomo mayor (High Steward) was the Officer of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain in charge of the person and rooms of the King of Spain. The Office of “Mayordomo mayor” wa ...
*
Mayordomos de semana The Mayordomos de semana (Weekly stewards) was a palatial class of honorary royal servants of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain, who were entrusted with certain functions at the service of the Monarch. Specifically, they accompa ...
*
Nóos case The Nóos case, also known as the Babel operation, is an ongoing case of alleged political corruption in Spain which started in 2010, derived from the Palma Arena case. The leaders of the nonprofit foundation Nóos Institute, Iñaki Urdangarin, t ...
* Patrimonio Nacional * Royal descendants of John William Friso *
Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain The Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain was the institution that governed the organization of the Royal Spanish Court from the time of the Habsburg dynasty, which introduced the so-called Burgundian etiquette, up to the reign of Alfon ...
*
Royal Standard of Spain The Royal Standard of Spain (''Estandarte Real'' or ''Estandarte del Rey'') is the official flag of the King of Spain. It comprises a crimson square, traditional colour of both Castilian and Spanish monarchs, with the coat of arms of the King ...
*
List of titles and honours of Queen Sofía of Spain Queen Sofía of Spain, Sofía, Queen of Spain, has received numerous titles, decorations, and honorary appointments, both during and before her time as Queen consort, consort to King Juan Carlos I of Spain, Juan Carlos. Each is listed below. Whe ...
*
Sumiller de Corps The Sumiller de Corps was the Officer of the Royal Household and Heritage of the Crown of Spain in charge of the more intimate and inner rooms of the King of Spain. He was responsible of the most immediate service to the Monarch. This Office was s ...


Branches of the government of Spain

Government of Spain


Executive branch of the government of Spain

* Head of state:
King of Spain , coatofarms = File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Spanish_Monarch.svg , coatofarms_article = Coat of arms of the King of Spain , image = Felipe_VI_in_2020_(cropped).jpg , incumbent = Felipe VI , incumbentsince = 19 Ju ...
, Felipe VI ** List of heads of state of Spain * Head of government: Prime Minister of Spain (''Presidente del Gobierno''),
Pedro Sánchez Pérez-Castejón Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for ''Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter. The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, meaning ...
** List of prime ministers of Spain ** Deputy Prime Minister of Spain **
Second Deputy Prime Minister of Spain The second deputy prime minister of Spain, officially Second Vice President of the Government of Spain ( es, Vicepresidencia Segunda del Gobierno de España), is a senior member of the Government of Spain. The office of the Second Deputy Prime Mi ...
*
Cabinet of Spain The Council of Ministers ( es, Consejo de Ministros) is the main collective decision-making body of the Government of Spain, and it is exclusively composed of the Prime Minister, the deputy prime ministers and the ministers (22 as of 2020). Ju ...
(Council of Ministers)


Legislative branch of the government of Spain

*
Parliament of Spain The Cortes Generales (; en, Spanish Parliament, lit=General Courts) are the bicameral legislative chambers of Spain, consisting of the Congress of Deputies (the lower house), and the Senate (the upper house). The Congress of Deputies meets i ...
–
bicameral Bicameralism is a type of legislature, one divided into two separate assemblies, chambers, or houses, known as a bicameral legislature. Bicameralism is distinguished from unicameralism, in which all members deliberate and vote as a single grou ...
legislature of Spain, consisting of: ** Upper house:
Senate of Spain The Senate ( es, Senado) is the upper house of the Cortes Generales, which along with the Congress of Deputies – the lower chamber – comprises the Parliament of the Kingdom of Spain. The Senate meets in the Palace of the Senate in Madrid. Th ...
**
Lower house A lower house is one of two Debate chamber, chambers of a Bicameralism, bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house. Despite its official position "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has co ...
: Congress of Deputies (Spain)


Judicial branch of the government of Spain

Spanish judicial system **
General Council of the Judicial Power of Spain The General Council of the Judiciary ( es, Consejo General del Poder Judicial, CGPJ) is the national council of the judiciary of Spain. It is the constitutional body that governs all the Judiciary of Spain, such as courts, and judges, as it is ...
**
Constitutional Court of Spain The Constitutional Court ( es, Tribunal Constitucional) is the supreme interpreter of the Spanish Constitution, with the power to determine the constitutionality of acts and statutes made by any public body, central, regional, or local in Spa ...
**
Supreme Court of Spain The Supreme Court ('', TS'') is the highest court in the Kingdom of Spain. Originally established pursuant to Title V of the Constitution of 1812 to replace —in all matters that affected justice— the System of Councils, and currently regulat ...


Foreign relations of Spain

Foreign relations of Spain The foreign relations of Spain could be constructed upon the foreign relations of the Hispanic Crown. The personal union of Castile and Aragon that ensued with the joint rule of the Catholic Monarchs was followed by the annexation of the Kingd ...
* Diplomatic missions in Spain *
Diplomatic missions of Spain This is a list of diplomatic missions of Spain, excluding honorary consulates. The Kingdom of Spain has a large global diplomatic presence. Africa * ** Algiers (Embassy) ** Oran (Consulate-General) * ** Luanda (Embassy) * ** Yaoundé (Embassy) ...
* Centro Nacional de Inteligencia


International organization membership

The Kingdom of Spain is a member of: *
African Development Bank Group The African Development Bank Group (AfDB) or (BAD) is a multilateral development finance institution headquartered in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, since September 2014. The AfDB is a financial provider to African governments and private companies in ...
(AfDB) (nonregional member) *
Arctic Council The Arctic Council is a high-level intergovernmental forum that addresses issues faced by the Arctic governments and the indigenous people of the Arctic. At present, eight countries exercise sovereignty over the lands within the Arctic Circle, ...
(observer) * Asian Development Bank (ADB) (nonregional member) * Australia Group * Bank for International Settlements (BIS) *
Central American Bank for Economic Integration The Central American Bank for Economic Integration - CABEI ( BCIE in Spanish) was founded in 1960. It is an international multilateral development financial institution. Its resources are invested in projects that foster development to reduce pov ...
(BCIE) * Central American Integration System (SICA) (observer) *
Confederation of European Paper Industries The Confederation of European Paper Industries (CEPI) is the pan-European association representing the forest fibre and paper industry. Through its 18 national associations, CEPI gathers 495 companies operating more than 900 pulp and paper mills a ...
(CEPI) *
Council of Europe The Council of Europe (CoE; french: Conseil de l'Europe, ) is an international organisation founded in the wake of World War II to uphold European Convention on Human Rights, human rights, democracy and the Law in Europe, rule of law in Europe. ...
(CE) * Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) * Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) *
European Bank for Reconstruction and Development The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) is an international financial institution founded in 1991. As a multilateral developmental investment bank, the EBRD uses investment as a tool to build market economies. Initially focus ...
(EBRD) *
European Investment Bank The European Investment Bank (EIB) is the European Union's investment bank and is owned by the EU Member States. It is one of the largest supranational lenders in the world. The EIB finances and invests both through equity and debt solutions ...
(EIB) * European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) *
European Space Agency , owners = , headquarters = Paris, Île-de-France, France , coordinates = , spaceport = Guiana Space Centre , seal = File:ESA emblem seal.png , seal_size = 130px , image = Views in the Main Control Room (1205 ...
(ESA) * European Union (EU) * Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) *
Inter-American Development Bank The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB or IADB) is an international financial institution headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States of America, and serving as the largest source of development financing for Latin America and the Caribb ...
(IADB) *
International Atomic Energy Agency The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an intergovernmental organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons. It was established in 1957 ...
(IAEA) *
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) is an international financial institution, established in 1944 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States, that is the lending arm of World Bank Group. The IBRD offers l ...
(IBRD) * International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) * International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) * International Criminal Court (ICCt) *
International Criminal Police Organization The International Criminal Police Organization (ICPO; french: link=no, Organisation internationale de police criminelle), commonly known as Interpol ( , ), is an international organization that facilitates worldwide police cooperation and cri ...
(Interpol) *
International Development Association The International Development Association (IDA) (french: link=no, Association internationale de développement) is an international financial institution which offers concessional loans and grants to the world's poorest developing countries. Th ...
(IDA) *
International Energy Agency The International Energy Agency (IEA) is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organisation, established in 1974, that provides policy recommendations, analysis and data on the entire global energy sector, with a recent focus on curbing carb ...
(IEA) *
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is a worldwide humanitarian aid organization that reaches 160 million people each year through its 192-member National Societies. It acts before, during and after disas ...
(IFRCS) * International Finance Corporation (IFC) *
International Fund for Agricultural Development The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD; french: link=no, Fonds international de développement agricole (FIDA)) is an international financial institution and a specialised agency of the United Nations that works to address ...
(IFAD) * International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) * International Labour Organization (ILO) *
International Maritime Organization The International Maritime Organization (IMO, French: ''Organisation maritime internationale'') is a specialised agency of the United Nations responsible for regulating shipping. The IMO was established following agreement at a UN conference ...
(IMO) * International Mobile Satellite Organization (IMSO) * International Monetary Fund (IMF) * International Olympic Committee (IOC) * International Organization for Migration (IOM) * International Organization for Standardization (ISO) *
International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement is a humanitarian movement with approximately 97 million volunteers, members and staff worldwide. It was founded to protect human life and health, to ensure respect for all human beings, an ...
(ICRM) * International Telecommunication Union (ITU) * International Telecommunications Satellite Organization (ITSO) * International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) *
Inter-Parliamentary Union The Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU; french: Union Interparlementaire, UIP) is an inter-parliamentary institution, international organization of national parliaments. Its primary purpose is to promote democratic governance, accountability, and coop ...
(IPU) * Latin American Integration Association (LAIA) (observer) * Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) *
Nonaligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) is a forum of 120 countries that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc. After the United Nations, it is the largest grouping of states worldwide. The movement originated in the aftermath ...
(NAM) (guest) * North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) * Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) * Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) *
Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; french: Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, ''OCDE'') is an intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries ...
(OECD) *
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is the world's largest regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization with observer status at the United Nations. Its mandate includes issues such as arms control, prom ...
(OSCE) * Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) *
Organization of American States The Organization of American States (OAS; es, Organización de los Estados Americanos, pt, Organização dos Estados Americanos, french: Organisation des États américains; ''OEA'') is an international organization that was founded on 30 April ...
(OAS) (observer) *
Paris Club The Paris Club (french: Club de Paris) is a group of officials from major creditor countries whose role is to find co-ordinated and sustainable solutions to the payment difficulties experienced by debtor countries. As debtor countries undertake ...
* Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) * Schengen Convention *
Southeast European Cooperative Initiative The Southeast European Cooperative Initiative (SECI) is a multilateral regional initiative that has been initiated by the European Union, the United States of America and the countries of Southeast Europe within the framework of the Organization ...
(SECI) (observer) *''
Unión Latina The Latin Union is an international organization of nations that use Romance languages, whose activities have been suspended since 2012. Headquartered in Paris, France, its aim is to protect, project, and promote the common cultural heritage of ...
'' * United Nations (UN) * United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) *
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) aimed at promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture. It ...
(UNESCO) * United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) * United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) * United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) * United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad (MINURCAT) *
United Nations Organization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo The United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo or MONUSCO, an acronym based on its French name , is a United Nations peacekeeping force in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) which was estab ...
(MONUC) * United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) * Universal Postal Union (UPU) * Western European Union (WEU) * World Confederation of Labour (WCL) * World Customs Organization (WCO) * World Federation of Trade Unions (WFTU) * World Health Organization (WHO) * World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) * World Meteorological Organization (WMO) * World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) * World Trade Organization (WTO) *
Zangger Committee The Zangger Committee, also known as the Nuclear Exporters Committee, sprang from Article III.2 of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) which entered into force on March 5, 1970. Under the terms of Article III.2 International ...
(ZC)


Law and order in Spain

Law of Spain *
Crime in Spain Crime in Spain is combated by Spain's law enforcement agencies. Spain has a relatively low overall crime rate in comparison to other European countries. In 2021 it was listed as number 25 out of 41 European countries for crime index (1 being the h ...
** Terrorism in Spain ***
ETA Eta (uppercase , lowercase ; grc, ἦτα ''ē̂ta'' or ell, ήτα ''ita'' ) is the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the close front unrounded vowel . Originally denoting the voiceless glottal fricative in most dialects, ...
***
GRAPO The First of October Anti-Fascist Resistance Groups ( es, Grupos de Resistencia Antifascista Primero de Octubre, GRAPO) was a Spanish clandestine Marxist–Leninist group aiming for the formation of a Spanish Republican state. Besides its anti- ...
***
11 March 2004 Madrid train bombings The 2004 Madrid train bombings (also known in Spain as 11M) were a series of coordinated, nearly simultaneous bombings against the Cercanías commuter train system of Madrid, Spain, on the morning of 11 March 2004—three days before Spain's g ...
* Human rights in Spain ** Civil unions in Spain ** LGBT rights in Spain *** Same-sex marriage in Spain ** Freedom of religion in Spain *
Law enforcement in Spain Law enforcement in Spain is carried out by numerous organizations, not all of which operate in the same areas. * The '' Guardia Civil'' (Civil Guard) is the national gendarmerie force and therefore, has a military status. It is the most powerful ...
* Laws of Spain ** Capital punishment in Spain ** Constitution of Spain ***
Spanish Political Reform Act 1977 Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain ** Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries ** Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, ...
*** Spanish Constitution of 1978 **** Amendments to the Spanish Constitution of 1978 **
Historical Memory Law Law 52/2007 That recognises and broadens the rights and establishes measures in favour of those who suffered persecution or violence during the Civil War and the Dictatorship (in Spanish: ''Ley 52/2007 por la que se reconocen y amplían derechos ...
– recognizes the victims on both sides of the Spanish Civil War, gives rights to the victims and the descendants of victims of the Civil War and the subsequent dictatorship of General Francisco Franco, and formally condemns the Franco Regime **
Spanish referendum on the European Constitution A referendum on the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe was held in Spain on Sunday, 20 February 2005. Nohlen, D & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1817 The question asked was "Do you approve of the Treaty es ...


Military of Spain

Military of Spain * Command ** Commander-in-chief: ***
Ministry of Defence of Spain The Ministry of Defence (MINISDEF) is the department of the Government of Spain responsible for planning, developing and carrying out the general guidelines of the Government about the defence policy and the managing of the military administration ...
* Forces **
Army of Spain The Spanish Army ( es, Ejército de Tierra, lit=Land Army) is the terrestrial army of the Spanish Armed Forces responsible for land-based military operations. It is one of the oldest active armies — dating back to the late 15th century. The ...
***
Tanks in the Spanish Army Tanks in the Spanish Army have over 90 years of history, from the French Renault FTs first delivered in 1919 to the Leopard 2 and B1 Centauro models of the early 21st century. The Spanish FTs took part in combat during the Rif War and partic ...
** Navy of Spain **
Air Force of Spain , colours = , colours_label = , march = Spanish Air and Space Force Anthem , mascot = , anniversaries = 10 December , equipment ...
** Spanish Legion ** Special forces of Spain * Military history of Spain * Military ranks of Spain


Local government in Spain

Local government in Spain * List of Spanish regional governments **
List of Spanish regional legislatures Since its transition to democracy in the late 1970s, Spain has been organized in a quasi-federal system called the "State of Autonomies". Each Autonomous Community is required by the Constitution to have its own three-branched system of governme ...


History of Spain

History of Spain * Timeline of Spanish history


History of Spain by period

* Prehistoric Iberia ** Timeline of pre-Roman Iberian history ** Carthaginian Iberia * Hispania ** Timeline of the history of Roman Hispania * Spain in the Middle Ages ** Visigothic Kingdom ** al-Andalus *** Umayyad conquest of Hispania ** Reconquista *
Habsburg Spain Habsburg Spain is a contemporary historiographical term referring to the huge extent of territories (including modern-day Spain, a piece of south-east France, eventually Portugal, and many other lands outside of the Iberian Peninsula) ruled be ...
** Spanish Inquisition *
Enlightenment Spain The ideas of the Age of Enlightenment ( es, Ilustración) came to Spain in the 18th century with the new Bourbon dynasty, following the death of the last Habsburg monarch, Charles II, in 1700. The period of reform and ' enlightened despotism' u ...
* Mid-nineteenth century Spain * Spanish confiscation * First Spanish Republic *
Spain under the Restoration , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
* Second Spanish Republic * Spanish Civil War *
Spain under Franco Francoist Spain ( es, España franquista), or the Francoist dictatorship (), was the period of Spanish history between 1939 and 1975, when Francisco Franco ruled Spain after the Spanish Civil War with the title . After his death in 1975, Spai ...
*
Modern Spain Modern may refer to: History * Modern history ** Early Modern period ** Late Modern period *** 18th century *** 19th century *** 20th century ** Contemporary history * Moderns, a faction of Freemasonry that existed in the 18th century Phil ...


History of Spain by region


By autonomous community

* History of Andalusia *
History of Aragon Aragon ( , ; Spanish and an, Aragón ; ca, Aragó ) is an autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. In northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces (from north to sou ...
* History of Asturias * History of the Balearic Islands * History of Basque Country * History of the Canary Islands *
History of Cantabria Cantabria (, also , , Cantabrian: ) is an autonomous community in northern Spain with Santander as its capital city. It is called a ''comunidad histórica'', a historic community, in its current Statute of Autonomy. It is bordered on the east ...
* History of Castilla-La Mancha *
History of Castile and León History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...
* History of Catalonia *
History of Extremadura Extremadura (; ext, Estremaúra; pt, Estremadura; Fala language, Fala: ''Extremaúra'') is an autonomous communities in Spain, autonomous community of Spain. Its capital city is Mérida, Spain, Mérida, and its largest city is Badajoz. Loc ...
*
History of Galicia The Iberian Peninsula has been inhabited for at least 500,000 years, first by Neanderthals and then by modern humans. Prehistory Megalithic culture Galicia, northern Portugal, Asturias, western León, and Zamora formed a single megalithi ...
* History of La Rioja *
History of the Community of Madrid The Community of Madrid (; es, Comunidad de Madrid ) is one of the seventeen autonomous communities of Spain. It is located in the centre of the Iberian Peninsula, and of the Central Plateau (''Meseta Central''). Its capital and largest munici ...
*
History of the Region of Murcia The Region of Murcia (, ; es, Región de Murcia ), is an Autonomous communities of Spain, autonomous community of Spain located in the southeastern part of the Iberian Peninsula, on the Mediterranean Sea, Mediterranean coast. The region is in ...
*
History of Navarre Navarre (; es, Navarra ; eu, Nafarroa ), officially the Chartered Community of Navarre ( es, Comunidad Foral de Navarra, links=no ; eu, Nafarroako Foru Komunitatea, links=no ), is a foral autonomous community and province in northern Spain, ...
* History of the Valencian Community


By city

* History of Madrid * History of Barcelona *
History of Valencia The history of Valencia, one of the oldest cities in Spain, begins over 2100 years ago with its founding as a Roman colony under the name "Valentia Edetanorum" on the site of a former Iberian town, by the river Turia in the province of Edetania ...
*
History of Seville Seville has been one of the most important cities in the Iberian Peninsula since ancient times; the first settlers of the site have been identified with the Tartessian culture. The destruction of their settlement is attributed to the Carthaginia ...
* History of Zaragoza *
History of Málaga The history of Málaga, shaped by the city's location in southern Spain on the western shore of the Mediterranean Sea, spans about 2,800 years, making it one of the oldest cities in the world. The first inhabitants to settle the site may have b ...
* History of Murcia * History of Palma * History of Las Palmas *
History of Bilbao ) , motto = , image_map = , mapsize = 275 px , map_caption = Interactive map outlining Bilbao , pushpin_map = Spain Basque Country#Spain#Europe , pushpin_map_caption ...
* History of Alicante


History of Spain by subject

* Chivalry in Spain * Economic history of Spain * Literature in Medieval Spain * Military history of Spain ** List of Spanish wars **
Spanish knights orders This is a list of some of the modern orders, decorations and medals of Spain. The bulk of the top current civil and military decorations granted by the Government of Spain in a discretionary manner trace their origins back to the 19th and 20th ce ...
** List of ships of the line of Spain **
List of battleships of Spain In the latter half of the 19th century, the Spanish Navy had built a series of ironclad warships that culminated in the barbette ship ''Pelayo'' in the 1880s. Following the destruction of much of the Spanish fleet in the Spanish–American W ...
** Spanish aircraft carrier ''Príncipe de Asturias'' ** Spanish ship ''Juan Carlos I'' (L61) **
Spanish Armada The Spanish Armada (a.k.a. the Enterprise of England, es, Grande y Felicísima Armada, links=no, lit=Great and Most Fortunate Navy) was a Spanish fleet that sailed from Lisbon in late May 1588, commanded by the Duke of Medina Sidonia, an aris ...
*** Spanish Armada in Ireland * Religious history of Spain


Culture of Spain

Culture of Spain The culture of ''Spain'' is based on a variety of historical influences, primarily based on the culture of ancient Rome, Spain being a prominent part of the Greco-Roman world for centuries, the very name of Spain comes from the name that the Ro ...
* Cuisine of Spain ** Paella * Festivals in Spain **
Fiestas of International Tourist Interest of Spain The title of Fiesta of International Tourist Interest is an honorary distinction that is given in Spain by the ''General Secretariat of Tourism of the Ministry of Industry, Tourism and Trade of the Government of Spain'' to the fiestas or events inv ...
**
Fiestas of National Tourist Interest of Spain ''Fiesta'' (Spanish for "religious feast", "festival", or "party") may refer to: Events *Fiesta San Antonio, a 10-day event held every April in San Antonio, Texas *St. Peter's Fiesta, a five-day festival in Gloucester, Massachusetts *Fiestas d ...
*
Media in Spain Mass media in Spain includes a variety of online, print, and broadcast formats, such as radio, television, newspapers, and magazines. Mass media groups A list of the main mass media groups is presented as follows: Books Magazines Many in ...
*
National symbols of Spain National may refer to: Common uses * Nation or country ** Nationality – a ''national'' is a person who is subject to a nation, regardless of whether the person has full rights as a citizen Places in the United States * National, Maryland, ce ...
** Coat of arms of Spain ***
Coats of arms of the autonomous communities of Spain This gallery of coats of arms of the autonomous communities of Spain shows the distinctive coats of arms of the 17 autonomous communities of Spain (constitutionally they are the nationalities and regions in which Spain is territorially organized), ...
**
Flag of Spain The national flag of Spain ( es, Bandera de España), as it is defined in the Constitution of 1978, consists of three horizontal stripes: red, yellow and red, the yellow stripe being twice the size of each red stripe. Traditionally, the middle ...
*** Flags of the autonomous communities of Spain ** National anthem of Spain (''Marcha Real'') ***
Anthems of the autonomous communities of Spain Several of the 17 autonomous communities of the Kingdom of Spain, plus the 2 autonomous cities, have their own anthems, ranging from quasi-national anthems of the historical nationalities to regional anthems and songs, with some virtually unknow ...
** National motto: '' Plus Ultra'' *
Prostitution in Spain Prostitution in Spain is not addressed by any specific law, but a number of activities related to it, such as pimping, are illegal. In 2016, UNAIDS estimated there to be 70,268 prostitutes in the country, although other estimates put the numb ...
*
Public holidays in Spain Public holidays celebrated in Spain include a mix of religious (Roman Catholic), national and regional observances. Each municipality is allowed to have a maximum of 14 public holidays per year; a maximum of nine of these are chosen by the nationa ...
* Records of Spain *
Scouting in Spain The Scout Movement in Spain consists of about 30 independent associations, most of them active on the regional level. Due to the regionalisation of Spain, even the larger nationwide associations are divided into regional sub-associations with ind ...
*
World Heritage Sites in Spain The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) World Heritage Sites are places of importance to cultural or natural heritage as described in the UNESCO World Heritage Convention, established in 1972. Cultural her ...


Art in Spain

Art in Spain *
Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain The Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain () is a grouping of 18 caves of northern Spain, which together represent the apogee of Upper Paleolithic cave art in Europe between 35,000 and 11,000 years ago ( Aurignacian, Gra ...
* Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin * Rock art of the Iberian Southern Tip * Television in Spain *
Spanish Golden Age The Spanish Golden Age ( es, Siglo de Oro, links=no , "Golden Century") is a period of flourishing in arts and literature in Spain, coinciding with the political rise of the Spanish Empire under the Catholic Monarchs of Spain and the Spanish H ...
*
Spanish Baroque Painting Spanish Baroque painting refers to the style of painting which developed in Spain throughout the 17th century and the first half of the 18th century. The style appeared in early 17th century paintings, and arose in response to Mannerist distort ...
* Spanish Renaissance


Architecture of Spain

Architecture of Spain Spanish architecture refers to architecture in any area of what is now Spain, and by Spanish architects worldwide. The term includes buildings which were constructed within the current borders of Spain prior to its existence as a nation, when t ...
* By location **
Architecture of Barcelona The architecture of Barcelona has had a parallel evolution to that of the rest of the Catalan and Spanish architecture, and has followed in diverse ways the multiple trends that have been produced in the context of the history of Western architect ...
** Architecture of Madrid ***
Romanesque churches in Madrid The first parishes of the Christian Madrid were the ten mentioned in the letter of granting of the Fuero of Madrid; some of them would be rebuilt of mosques prior to the conquest of Alfonso VI of León and Castile, and others built during the Cast ...
**
Architecture of Cantabria {{Expand Spanish, Arquitectura de Cantabria, topic=culture, date=March 2009 The architecture of Cantabria, Spain has developed over centuries from a medieval origin to a unique ensemble of numerous influences and civil works. Direct elements from ...
* By period **
Spanish Romanesque Spanish Romanesque designates the Romanesque art developed in the Chronology of the kingdoms on the Iberian peninsula, Hispanic-Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula in the 11th and 12th centuries. Its stylistic features are essentially co ...
** Mudéjar style **
Spanish Gothic architecture Spanish Gothic architecture is the style of architecture prevalent in Spain in the Late Medieval period. The Gothic architecture, Gothic style started in Spain as a result of Central European influence in the twelfth century when late Romanesque ...
** Herrerian **
Spanish Renaissance architecture Spanish Renaissance architecture was that style of Renaissance architecture in the last decades of the 15th century. Renaissance evolved firstly in Florence and then Rome and other parts of the Italian Peninsula as the result of Renaissance huma ...
** Plateresque ** Spanish Baroque ** Rococo in Spain ** Modernisme * By type **
Castles in Spain The castles in Spain were built mainly for the country's defense, particularly with respect to fortification. During the Middle Ages, northern Christian kingdoms had to secure their borders with their Muslim southern neighbours, thus forcing bo ...
** Cathedrals in Spain * Missing landmarks in Spain


Cinema of Spain

Cinema of Spain Cinema may refer to: Film * Cinematography, the art of motion-picture photography * Film or movie, a series of still images that create the illusion of a moving image ** Film industry, the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking ...
*
Spanish films Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...
* Spanish directors ** Luis Buñuel – first Spanish director to achieve universal recognition ** Pedro Almodóvar – achieved universal recognition in the 1980s ** Segundo de Chomón **
Florián Rey Antonio Martínez del Castillo known professionally as Florián Rey was a Spanish director, actor, and screenwriter. He directed '' The Cursed Village'', widely recognized as a seminal work in silent Spanish cinema, and helped launch the career o ...
**
Luis García Berlanga Luis García-Berlanga Martí (12 June 1921 – 13 November 2010) was a Spain , Spanish film director and screenwriter. Acclaimed as a pioneer of modern Spanish cinema, his films are marked by social satire and acerbic critiques of Spanish culture ...
**
Juan Antonio Bardem Juan Antonio Bardem Muñoz (2 June 1922 – 30 October 2002) was a Spanish film director and screen writer, born in Madrid. He was a member of the Communist Party. Bardem was best known for ''Muerte de un ciclista'' (1955) which won the FIPRES ...
** Carlos Saura **
Julio Médem Julio Medem Lafont (born 21 October 1958) is a Basque film director, producer, editor, and screenwriter. Biography Medem was born on 21 October 1958 in San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain and showed an interest in movies since childhood, when ...
** Alejandro Amenábar


Dance in Spain

*
Jota Jota may refer to: __NOTOC__ * Iota (Ι, ι), the name of the 9th letter in the Greek alphabet; * (figuratively) ''Something very small'', based on the fact that the letter Iota (lat. i) is the smallest character in the alphabet; * The name of the ...
* Flamenco * Sardana * Sevillanas


Literature of Spain

Literature of Spain Spanish literature generally refers to literature ( Spanish poetry, prose, and drama) written in the Spanish language within the territory that presently constitutes the Kingdom of Spain. Its development coincides and frequently intersects wit ...
— Castilian (Spanish) literature * By genre **
Spanish poetry This article concerns poetry in Spain. Medieval Spain The Medieval period covers 400 years of different poetry texts and can be broken up into five categories. Primitive lyrics Since the findings of the Kharjas, which are mainly two, three, o ...
** Spanish comics * By region **
Basque literature Although the first instances of coherent Basque phrases and sentences go as far back as the San Millán glosses of around 950, the large-scale damage done by periods of great instability and warfare, such as the clan wars of the Middle Ages, the ...
** Catalan literature * Galician literature


Music of Spain

Music of Spain In Spain, music has a long history. It has played an important role in the development of Western music, and has greatly influenced Latin American music. Spanish music is often associated with traditional styles such as flamenco and classical ...
* By genre ** Spanish opera **
Spanish folk music Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Cana ...
** Flamenco **
Catalan rumba The Catalan rumba ( ca, rumba catalana, ) is a genre of music that developed in Barcelona's Romani community beginning in the 1950s and 1960s. Its rhythms are derived from the Andalusian flamenco rumba, with influences from Cuban music and rock ...
** Spanish rock ** Spanish hip hop * By region ** Music of Andalusia ** Music of Aragon **
Music of the Balearic Islands ''Xeremiers'' or c''olla de xeremiers'' is a traditional ensemble that consists of flabiol (a five-hole tabor pipe) and xeremies (bagpipes). Majorca has produced popular singer-songwriters like Maria del Mar Bonet. British DJs like Paul Oakenfo ...
** Music of the Basque **
Music of the Canary Islands The music of the Canary Islands reflects its cultural heritage. The islands used to be inhabited by the Guanches which are related to Berbers; they mixed with Spaniards, who live on the islands now. A variant of Jota is popular, as is Latin musi ...
** Music of Castile, Madrid and León **
Music of Catalonia The music of Catalonia comprises one of the oldest documented musical traditions in Europe. In tandem with the rest of Western Europe, it has a long musical tradition, incorporating a number of different styles and genres over the past two thousa ...
**
Music of Extremadura Extremadura is a region in Spain near Portugal. Its folk music can be characterized by a melancholy sound, and Portuguese influences, as well as the predominance of the zambomba drum (similar to Brazilian cuica), which is played by pulling on a ...
** Music of Galicia, Cantabria and Asturias **
Music of Murcia Murcia is a region in the South East of Spain with many external influences varying from the ancient Moors that occupied the area for centuries to the adjacent Communities (Andalusia, Castilla–La Mancha, etc.). Its music is determined by the heav ...
** Music of Navarre and La Rioja **
Music of Valencia The Music of Valencia in eastern Spain is rich and diverse, due to different external influences. It can be broadly divided into two categories: traditional and contemporary music. Traditional Music All the surrounding country is known for its own ...
* Benidorm International Song Festival - Festivals * Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest


Painting in Spain

* Spanish painters ** Alonso Cano **
Juan Carreño de Miranda Juan Carreño de Miranda (25 March 1614 — 3 October 1685) was a Spanish painter of the Baroque period. Biography Born in Avilés in Asturias, son of a painter with the same name, Juan Carreño de Miranda. His family moved to Madrid in 1623, ...
**
Ramon Casas i Carbó Ramon Casas i Carbó (; 4 January 1866 – 29 February 1932) was a Catalan artist. Living through a turbulent time in the history of his native Barcelona, he was known as a portraitist, sketching and painting the intellectual, economic, and ...
**
Claudio Coello Claudio Coello (2 March 1642 – 20 April 1693) was a Spanish Baroque painter. Coello is considered the last great Spanish painter of the 17th century. The son of Faustino Coello, a famous Portuguese sculptor, he was a court painter for Char ...
** Salvador Dalí ** Mariano Fortuny ** Francisco Goya **
El Greco Domḗnikos Theotokópoulos ( el, Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος ; 1 October 1541 7 April 1614), most widely known as El Greco ("The Greek"), was a Greek painter, sculptor and architect of the Spanish Renaissance. "El G ...
(born in
Creta Crete ( el, Κρήτη, translit=, Modern: , Ancient: ) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the 88th largest island in the world and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, and ...
). **
Bartolomé Esteban Murillo Bartolomé Esteban Murillo ( , ; late December 1617, baptized January 1, 1618April 3, 1682) was a Spanish Baroque painter. Although he is best known for his religious works, Murillo also produced a considerable number of paintings of contemporar ...
** Pablo Picasso **
José de Ribera Jusepe de Ribera (1591 – 1652) was a painter and printmaker, who along with Francisco de Zurbarán, Bartolomé Esteban Murillo, and the singular Diego Velázquez, are regarded as the major artists of Spanish Baroque painting. Referring to ...
**
Santiago Rusiñol Santiago Rusiñol i Prats (, ; Barcelona 25 February 1861 – Aranjuez 13 June 1931) was a Spanish painter, poet, journalist, collector and playwright. He was one of the leaders of the Catalan ''modernisme'' movement. He created more than a ...
** Enrique Simonet ** Joaquín Sorolla **
Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (baptized June 6, 1599August 6, 1660) was a Spanish painter, the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV of Spain and Portugal, and of the Spanish Golden Age. He was an individualistic artist of th ...
** Ignacio Zuloaga ** Francisco de Zurbarán


Sculpture in Spain

* Lady of Elche *
Lady of Baza The ''Lady of Baza'' (''la Dama de Baza'') is a famous example of Iberian sculpture by the Bastetani. It is a limestone female figure with traces of painted detail in a stuccoed surface that was found on July 22, 1971, by Francisco José Pres ...


Language in Spain

* Languages of Spain ** Spanish language ***
History of the Spanish language The language known today as Spanish is derived from a dialect of spoken Latin, which was brought to the Iberian Peninsula by the Romans after their occupation of the peninsula that started in the late 3rd century BC. Influenced by the peninsul ...
***
Spanish dialects Some of the regional varieties of the Spanish language are quite divergent from one another, especially in pronunciation and vocabulary, and less so in grammar. While all Spanish dialects adhere to approximately the same written standard, ...
** Aragonese ** Aranese (
Occitan Occitan may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania territory in parts of France, Italy, Monaco and Spain. * Something of, from, or related to the Occitania administrative region of France. * Occitan language Occitan (; o ...
) ** Asturian ** Basque **
Catalan Catalan may refer to: Catalonia From, or related to Catalonia: * Catalan language, a Romance language * Catalans, an ethnic group formed by the people from, or with origins in, Northern or southern Catalonia Places * 13178 Catalan, asteroid #1 ...
/ Valencian ** Galician ** Leonese


People of Spain

Spanish people (or
People of Spain Spaniards, or Spanish people, are a Romance peoples, Romance ethnic group native to Spain. Within Spain, there are a number of National and regional identity in Spain, national and regional ethnic identities that reflect the country's complex Hist ...
) * Regional ethnic groups: ** Andalusian people ** Aragonese people ** Asturian people **
Balearic people The Balearic Islands ( es, Islas Baleares ; or ca, Illes Balears ) are an archipelago in the Balearic Sea, near the eastern coast of the Iberian Peninsula. The archipelago is an autonomous community and a province of Spain; its capital is ...
**
Basque people The Basques ( or ; eu, euskaldunak ; es, vascos ; french: basques ) are a Southwestern European ethnic group, characterised by the Basque language, a common culture and shared genetic ancestry to the ancient Vascones and Aquitanians. Ba ...
** Canarian people **
Cantabrian people The Cantabrians ( Cantabrian and es, cántabros) are an ethnic group who inhabit the autonomous community of Cantabria, in northern Spain."Even today, Cantabrians (the Pasiego included, Lebaniegos excluded), at the North of Spain, seem to be a g ...
** Castilian people **
Catalan people Catalans (Catalan, French and Occitan: ''catalans''; es, catalanes, Italian: ''catalani'', sc, cadelanos) are a Romance ethnic group native to Catalonia, who speak Catalan. The current official category of "Catalans" is that of the citizen ...
**
Extremaduran people Extremadurans ( es, extremeños, ext, estremeñus, pt, estremenhos) are the native people of Extremadura, in the central-west of Spain. The dialect of Extremadura belongs to the southern dialects of Spanish, with strong similarities to the ...
** Galician people ** Leonese people **
Valencian people Valencians ( va, valencians) are the native people of the Valencian Community, in eastern Spain. Legally, Valencians are the inhabitants of the community. Since 2006, the Valencian people are officially recognised in the Valencian Statute of Aut ...
* Other groups: **
Afro-Spanish Afro-Spaniards are Spanish citizens of Sub-Saharan African descent. The term may include Spaniards of Afro-Caribbean and African American descent, but often excludes Black Spaniards of Latin American origin. It almost always excludes Spaniards o ...
** Chinese people in Spain **
Jews in Spain While the history of the Jews in the current-day Spanish territory stretches back to Biblical times according to legendary Jewish tradition, the settlement of organised Jewish communities in the Iberian Peninsula possibly traces back to the times ...
** Romani people in Spain


Religion and belief systems in Spain

* Irreligion in Spain * Religion in Spain **
Monasteries in Spain Monasteries in Spain have a rich artistic and cultural tradition, and serve as testament to Spain's religious history and political- military history, from the Visigothic Period to the Middle Ages. The monasteries played an important role in the ...
** Religions in Spain *** Bahá'í Faith in Spain ***
Christianity in Spain Religion in Spain is characterized by the dominance of the Catholic branch of Christianity, with high levels of secularization . Freedom of religion is guaranteed by the Spanish Constitution. 56% of Spaniards declare themselves Catholic, 39% non ...
****
Catholicism in Spain , native_name_lang = , image = Sevilla Cathedral - Southeast.jpg , imagewidth = 300px , alt = , caption = Cathedral of Saint Mary of the See in Seville , abbreviation = , type ...
**** Protestantism in Spain *** Hinduism in Spain *** Islam in Spain ****
Ahmadiyya in Spain Ahmadiyya is an Islamic branch in Spain, under the spiritual leadership of the caliph in London. The earliest history of the Community in Spain dates back to the period of the Second Caliph, when Malik Mohammad Sharid Gujrati, a missionary of the ...
*** Judaism in Spain *** Neopaganism in Spain ***
Odinist Community of Spain — Ásatrú Heathenry, also termed Heathenism, contemporary Germanic Paganism, or Germanic Neopaganism, is a modern Pagan religion. Scholars of religious studies classify it as a new religious movement. Developed in Europe during the early 20th centu ...


Sports in Spain

Sports in Spain * Football in Spain ** Football clubs in Spain * Mind sports in Spain ** Chess in Spain *** Spanish Chess Championship *
Spain at the Olympics Spain first participated at the Olympic Games in 1900, and has sent athletes to compete in most Summer Olympic Games since 1920. Spain has also participated in every Winter Olympic Games since 1936. Its team is organised by the Spanish Olympic Co ...


Economy and infrastructure of Spain

Economy of Spain * Economic rank, by nominal GDP (2011): 12th (twelfth) * Agriculture in Spain *
Banking in Spain The economy of Spain is a highly developed social market economy. It is the world's sixteenth-largest by nominal GDP and the sixth-largest in Europe. Spain is a member of the European Union and the eurozone, as well as the Organization for Eco ...
** National Bank of Spain *
Companies of Spain A company, abbreviated as co., is a legal entity representing an association of people, whether natural, legal or a mixture of both, with a specific objective. Company members share a common purpose and unite to achieve specific, declared go ...
* Currency of Spain: Euro (see also: Euro topics) **
ISO 4217 ISO 4217 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines alpha codes and numeric codes for the representation of currencies and provides information about the relationships between individual cu ...
:
EUR The euro (symbol: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of 19 out of the member states of the European Union (EU). This group of states is known as the eurozone or, officially, the euro area, and includes about 340 million citizens . Th ...
**
Royal Mint The Royal Mint is the United Kingdom's oldest company and the official maker of British coins. Operating under the legal name The Royal Mint Limited, it is a limited company that is wholly owned by His Majesty's Treasury and is under an exclus ...
***
Spanish euro coins Spanish euro coins feature three different designs for each of the three series of coins. The minor series of 1, 2, and 5 cent coins were designed by Garcilaso Rollán, the middle series of 10, 20, and 50 cent coins by Begoña Castellanos, and the ...
*** Spanish peseta * Economic history of Spain *
Energy in Spain Primary energy consumption in Spain in 2015 was mainly composed of fossil fuels. The largest sources are petroleum (42.3%), natural gas (19.8%) and coal (11.6%). The remaining 26.3% is accounted for by nuclear energy (12%) and different renewab ...
** Energy policy of Spain ** Oil industry in Spain *
Health care in Spain Spain operates a universal health care system. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, total health spending accounted for 9.4% of GDP in Spain in 2011, slightly above the OECD average of 9.3%. The Spanish health c ...
*
Mining in Spain The economy of Spain is a Developed country, highly developed social market economy. It is the world's List of countries by GDP (nominal), sixteenth-largest by nominal GDP and the List of sovereign states in Europe by GDP (nominal), sixth-largest ...
*
Social Security in Spain The social security system (Spanish: ''seguridad social'') in Spain is its principal system of social protection. The concept of social security first appeared in Spain in 1883 under the Committee for Social Reform, it was expanded several times du ...
*
Spain Stock Exchange , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...
*
Tourism in Spain Tourism in Spain is a major contributor to national economic life, contributing to about 11.8% of Spain's GDP (in 2017). Ever since the 1960s and 1970s, the country has been a popular destination for summer holidays, especially with large numb ...
*
Water supply and sanitation in Spain Water supply and sanitation in Spain is characterized by universal access and good service quality, while tariffs are among the lowest in the EU. Almost half of the population is served by private or mixed private-public water companies, which op ...


Communications in Spain

Communications in Spain Telecommunications in Spain is accomplished through the transmission of information by various types of technologies within Spain. Telephones (landline and cellular) *Telephones - main lines in use: 18.583 million (2007) * Telephones - mobile cel ...
*
Internet in Spain This article is about the Internet in Spain. History RETD was the first public data network in the world when it became operational in 1972. It evolved into Iberpac. Status * Internet users: 42.40 million users; 91.0% of the population (202 ...
* Television stations in Spain *
Radio stations in Spain Radio is the technology of signaling and communicating using radio waves. Radio waves are electromagnetic waves of frequency between 30 hertz (Hz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). They are generated by an electronic device called a transmitt ...
*
Spanish newspapers This list of newspapers in Spain includes daily, weekly Spanish newspapers issued in Spain. In 1950 the number of daily newspapers in circulation in Spain was 104; by 1965 this figure had fallen to 87. In 1984, in the period following the transit ...
* Postal codes in Spain


Transport in Spain

Transport in Spain Transport in Spain is characterised by an extensive network of roads, railways (including the world's second longest high speed rail network), rapid transit, air routes, and ports. Its geographic location makes it an important link between Eu ...
* Air transport in Spain **
Airports in Spain This is a list of airports in Spain, sorted by location. Airports in Peninsular Spain Airports in the Balearic Islands Airports in the Canary Islands Airports Heliports Airports in Ceuta and Melilla Spain's busiest airports ...
**
EADS CASA Construcciones Aeronáuticas SA (CASA) was a Spanish aircraft manufacturer that was founded in 1923 and began manufacturing aircraft the following year. In 1999 it became a subsidiary of the EADS (European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company) ...
– defunct aircraft manufacturer * Rail transport in Spain **
Rapid transit in Spain Rapid transit Rapid transit or mass rapid transit (MRT), also known as heavy rail or metro, is a type of high-capacity public transport generally found in urban areas. A rapid transit system that primarily or traditionally runs below the ...
** List of town tramway systems in Spain ** History of rail transport in Spain ** AVE, Spanish High Speed ** RENFE, National Network of the Spanish Railways *** Cercanías, commuter rail services **
FEVE Renfe Feve is a division of state-owned Spanish railway company Renfe Operadora. It operates most of Spain's of railway. This division of Renfe was previously a stand-alone company named FEVE (Ferrocarriles de Vía Estrecha,Law 11/1965 of 2 ...
, Narrow Gauge Railways **
Euskotren Trena Euskotren Trena, formerly known just as ''Euskotren'' is a commuter, inter-city and urban transit train-operating company that operates local and inter-city passenger services in the provinces of Biscay and Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country, S ...
** Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat de Catalunya **
Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana Ferrocarrils de la Generalitat Valenciana (, "Valencian Government Railways") or FGV is a Valencian public railway company which operates several lines, in the autonomous community of Valencia, Spain. The company currently operates the city met ...
** Serveis Ferroviaris de Mallorca ** Talgo – train manufacturer * Road transport in Spain ** Roads in Spain (''carreteras'') ***
List of national roads in Spain The Carreteras Nacionales de España or ''National Roads of Spain'' are roads of governmental property, managed by the Ministry of Development (Spain) and form the ''Red de Carreteras del Estado'' or ''State Roads Network''. A road numbering schem ...
(''carreteras nacionales'') ***
Highways in Spain The Spanish motorway (highway) network is the third largest in the world, by length. , there are of High Capacity Roads ( es, Vías de Gran Capacidad) in the country. There are two main types of such roads, autopistas and autovías, which diffe ...
('' autopistas'' and '' autovías'') **
Vehicle registration plates of Spain Vehicle registration plates are the mandatory number plates used to display the registration mark of a vehicle, and have existed in Spain since 1900. Most motor vehicles which are used on public roads are required by law to display them. The gov ...
** Road vehicle manufacturers *** Car manufacturers ****
SEAT A seat is a place to sit. The term may encompass additional features, such as back, armrest, head restraint but also headquarters in a wider sense. Types of seat The following are examples of different kinds of seat: * Armchair (furniture), ...
*** Motorcycle manufacturers ****
Montesa Honda Montesa Honda is a subsidiary business of Honda, which assembles several models of motorcycles and bicycles in Barcelona, Spain. It was formed in 1944 by Pere Permanyer and Francesc Xavier "Paco" Bultó. The business was Spanish-owned until enter ...
– Spanish subsidiary of Honda, manufactures motorcycles and bicycles ** History of road transport in Spain ***
Abadal The Abadal was a Spanish car manufactured between 1912 and 1923, named after Francisco Abadal. Considered a fast luxury car, it was closely patterned on the Hispano-Suiza and offered in two models. One had a 3104 cc four-cylinder engine while th ...
automobile *** Biscuter automobile ***
Bultaco Bultaco was a Spanish manufacturer of two-stroke motorcycles from 1958 to 1983. In May 2014, a new Bultaco was announced. Origins The origin of the Bultaco motorcycle company dates from May 1958. Francesc "Paco" Bultó was a director of the ...
– defunct motorcycle manufacturer ***
Hispano-Suiza Hispano-Suiza () is a Spanish automotive–engineering company. It was founded in 1904 by Marc Birkigt and Damian Mateu as an automobile manufacturer and eventually had several factories in Spain and France that produced luxury cars, aircraft en ...
– defunct car manufacturer ***
Pegaso Pegaso (, "Pegasus") was a Spanish manufacturer of trucks, buses, tractors, armored vehicles, and, for a while, to train apprentices, and have a good brand image, some sports cars. The parent company, Enasa, was created in 1946 and based in the ...
– defunct car manufacturer


Education in Spain

Education in Spain * Spanish universities ** List of universities in Spain (organized by autonomous community)


Health in Spain

*
Healthcare in Spain Spain operates a universal health care system. According to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, total health spending accounted for 9.4% of GDP in Spain in 2011, slightly above the OECD average of 9.3%. The Spanish health ca ...
** Hospitals in Spain


See also

Spain * List of international rankings *
List of Spain-related topics The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Spain: Spain – sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe. Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean, ...
* Member state of the European Union *
Member state of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) is an international military alliance that consists of 30 member states from Europe and North America. It was established at the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty on 4 April 1949. Article 5 of the ...
*
Member state of the United Nations The United Nations member states are the sovereign states that are members of the United Nations (UN) and have equal representation in the UN General Assembly. The UN is the world's largest intergovernmental organization. The criteria ...
*
Outline of Europe The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Europe. Geography of Europe * Atlas of Europe Regions of Europe * Central Europe * Eastern Europe * Northern Europe * Southern Europe * Western Europe * Unit ...
*
Outline of geography The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to geography: Geography – study of earth and its people. Nature of geography Geography as * an academic discipline – a body of knowledge given to − ...


References


External links

; Overviews
Encyclopædia Britannica's Spain Portal siteIberiaNature
A guide to the environment, geography, climate, wildlife, natural history and landscape of Spain
Local Spanish news and featuresMaps of Spain:
satellite images, relief maps, outlines and themed maps of Spanish autonomous communities, provinces and municipalities
Spain
CIA World Factbook ''The World Factbook'', also known as the ''CIA World Factbook'', is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world. The official print version is available ...
entry — updated in May 2006
Spain
The Economist Country Briefings entry ; Government
administracion.es
e-government Portal
Agencia Estatal de Administración Tributaria
nbsp;— Tax Agency

- Spanish Royal Family
Congreso de los Diputados
nbsp;— Congress of Deputies

- Senate
La Moncloa.es
nbsp;— Prime Minister ; Other
INEBase
nbsp;— National Institute of Statistics
Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Official Website of Tourism in SpainHistory of Spain Primary history documents
{{DEFAULTSORT:Spain Spain