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''GoldenEye 007'' is a 1997 first-person shooter video game developed by Rare and published by
Nintendo is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational video game company headquartered in Kyoto, Japan. It develops video games and video game consoles. Nintendo was founded in 1889 as by craftsman Fusajiro Yamauchi and originally produce ...
for the Nintendo 64. Based on the 1995 '' James Bond'' film '' GoldenEye'', the player controls the secret agent James Bond through a series of
levels Level or levels may refer to: Engineering *Level (instrument), a device used to measure true horizontal or relative heights *Spirit level, an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal or vertical *Canal pound or level *Regr ...
to prevent a criminal syndicate from using a satellite weapon. In the multiplayer mode, up to four players compete in several
deathmatch Deathmatch, also known as free-for-all, is a gameplay mode integrated into many shooter games, including first-person shooter (FPS), and real-time strategy (RTS) video games, where the goal is to kill (or "frag") the other players' characters a ...
scenarios via
split-screen Split screen may refer to: * Split screen (computing), dividing graphics into adjacent parts * Split screen (video production), the visible division of the screen * Split Screen (TV series), ''Split Screen'' (TV series), 1997–2001 * Split-Scree ...
. Development began in 1995 and was handled by an inexperienced team led by Martin Hollis, who had previously worked as a programmer on the coin-op version of '' Killer Instinct''. It was primarily inspired by
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's ''
Virtua Cop (known as ''Virtua Squad'' for the North American Windows version) is a 1994 light gun shooter game developed by Sega AM2 and designed by Yu Suzuki. It was originally an arcade game on the Sega Model 2 system, and was ported to the Sega Saturn in ...
'' before being redesigned as a free-roaming shooter. After more than two and a half years of development, ''GoldenEye 007'' was released shortly before the release of the ''GoldenEye'' sequel '' Tomorrow Never Dies''. Although it faced low expectations from the gaming media, it sold more than eight million copies, making it the third- best-selling Nintendo 64 game. It received critical acclaim, with praise given to its visuals, gameplay depth and variety, and multiplayer mode. In 1998, it received the BAFTA Interactive Entertainment Games Award and four awards from the
Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences The Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences (AIAS) is a non-profit organization of video game industry professionals. It organizes the annual Design Innovate Communicate Entertain summit, better known as D.I.C.E., which includes the presentation ...
. ''GoldenEye 007'' demonstrated the viability of home consoles as platforms for first-person shooters, and signalled a transition from '' Doom''-like shooters to a more realistic style. It pioneered features such as atmospheric single-player missions,
stealth Stealth may refer to: Military *Stealth technology, technology used to conceal ships, aircraft, and missiles **Stealth aircraft, aircraft which use stealth technology **Stealth ground vehicle, ground vehicles which use stealth technology ** Stea ...
elements, and multiplayer console deathmatch. The game is frequently cited as one of the greatest video games of all time, with many of its elements, such as the Klobb gun, having left an enduring impression in video game culture. A
spiritual successor A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product lin ...
, '' Perfect Dark'', was released in 2000. A
remake A remake is a film, television series, video game, song or similar form of entertainment that is based upon and retells the story of an earlier production in the same medium—e.g., a "new version of an existing film". A remake tells the same ...
developed by Eurocom, also titled '' GoldenEye 007'', was released in 2010. In 2022, a port was announced for Xbox One. In addition, the original Nintendo 64 version is set to be simultaneously re-released on the Nintendo Switch Online + Expansion Pack in 2023.


Gameplay

''GoldenEye 007'' is a first-person shooter where the player takes the role of
Secret Intelligence Service The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6 ( Military Intelligence, Section 6), is the foreign intelligence service of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intelligenc ...
agent James Bond through a series of
levels Level or levels may refer to: Engineering *Level (instrument), a device used to measure true horizontal or relative heights *Spirit level, an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal or vertical *Canal pound or level *Regr ...
. In each level, the player must complete a set of objectives while computer-controlled opponents try to hinder the player's progress. Objectives range from recovering items to destroying objects, defeating enemies, or rescuing hostages. Some objectives may also require the player to use high-tech gadgets. For example, in one level, the player must use Bond's electromagnetic watch to acquire a jail cell key. Although the player begins each level with a limited amount of supplies, additional weapons and ammunition can be acquired from defeated enemies. There are no health-recovery items, but body armour can be acquired to provide a secondary health bar. The game features more than 20 weapons, including
pistol A pistol is a handgun, more specifically one with the chamber integral to its gun barrel, though in common usage the two terms are often used interchangeably. The English word was introduced in , when early handguns were produced in Europe, an ...
s,
submachine gun A submachine gun (SMG) is a magazine-fed, automatic carbine designed to fire handgun cartridges. The term "submachine gun" was coined by John T. Thompson, the inventor of the Thompson submachine gun, to describe its design concept as an autom ...
s, assault rifles, a
sniper rifle A sniper rifle is a high-precision, long-range rifle. Requirements include accuracy, reliability, mobility, concealment and optics for anti-personnel, anti-materiel and surveillance uses of the military sniper. The modern sniper rifle is a por ...
,
grenade A grenade is an explosive weapon typically thrown by hand (also called hand grenade), but can also refer to a shell (explosive projectile) shot from the muzzle of a rifle (as a rifle grenade) or a grenade launcher. A modern hand grenade genera ...
s, and throwing knives. Most weapons have a finite magazine and must be reloaded after a certain number of shots. Although each weapon has its own characteristics, ammunition is interchangeable between some weapon types. For example, pistols and submachine guns share the same ammunition. Weapons inflict different levels of damage depending on which body part they hit. Head shots cause the most damage, while arm and leg shots inflict the least damage. The Klobb, a submachine gun with a folding
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, possesses a high rate of fire and a wide bullet spread compared to other weapons, but is severely underpowered with a heavy recoil. The Klobb can be dual-wielded for additional firepower.
Stealth Stealth may refer to: Military *Stealth technology, technology used to conceal ships, aircraft, and missiles **Stealth aircraft, aircraft which use stealth technology **Stealth ground vehicle, ground vehicles which use stealth technology ** Stea ...
is often encouraged, as frequent gunfire can alert distant guards and alarms can spawn enemies. Certain weapons incorporate a suppressor or a telescopic sight to aid the player in killing enemies discreetly. Each level can be played on three difficulty settings: Agent, Secret Agent, and 00 Agent. These affect aspects such as the damage enemies can withstand and inflict, the amount of ammunition available, and the number of objectives that must be completed. Two bonus levels can be unlocked by completing the game on Special Agent and then on 00 Agent. The player may also replay previously completed levels within target times to unlock bonus
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options such as infinite ammunition or invincibility. Upon completing the game on the three difficulty settings, an additional mode is unlocked, allowing the player to customise the difficulty of a level by manually adjusting enemies' health, reaction times, aiming accuracy, and the damage they inflict.


Multiplayer

''GoldenEye 007'' features a multiplayer mode where up to four players can compete in several
deathmatch Deathmatch, also known as free-for-all, is a gameplay mode integrated into many shooter games, including first-person shooter (FPS), and real-time strategy (RTS) video games, where the goal is to kill (or "frag") the other players' characters a ...
scenarios via
split-screen Split screen may refer to: * Split screen (computing), dividing graphics into adjacent parts * Split screen (video production), the visible division of the screen * Split Screen (TV series), ''Split Screen'' (TV series), 1997–2001 * Split-Scree ...
. These include Normal, You Only Live Twice, The Living Daylights, The Man With the Golden Gun, and Licence to Kill. Normal is a standard mode where players score points by killing opponents. Players can be grouped in teams or compete individually. You Only Live Twice gives players two lives before they are eliminated from the game, resulting in the last surviving player winning the match. In Licence to Kill, players die from a single hit with any weapon. Due to its high rate of fire and wide bullet spread, the Klobb is highly advantageous in this scenario. In The Man With the Golden Gun, a single Golden Gun, which is capable of killing opponents with one shot, is placed in a fixed location in the level. Once the Golden Gun is picked up, the only way to re-acquire it is by killing the player holding it. In The Living Daylights, a flag is placed in a fixed location in the level, and the player who holds it the longest wins. The flag carrier cannot use weapons but can collect them to keep opponents from stocking ammunition. Options such as the chosen level, characters to play as, weapons available, and game length can be customised for each scenario. Additional levels and characters can be unlocked as the player progresses through the
single-player A single-player video game is a video game where input from only one player is expected throughout the course of the gaming session. A single-player game is usually a game that can only be played by one person, while "single-player mode" is usuall ...
game.


Plot

In 1986 Arkhangelsk, Soviet Union, MI6 has uncovered a secret chemical weapons facility at the Byelomorye Dam. James Bond and fellow 00-agent Alec Trevelyan are sent to infiltrate the facility and plant explosive charges. During the mission, Trevelyan is shot by General Arkady Ourumov, while Bond escapes by commandeering an aeroplane. Five years later in 1991, Bond is sent to investigate a satellite control station in Severnaya, Russia, where programmer Boris Grishenko works. In 1993, Bond investigates an unscheduled test firing of a missile in Kyrgyzstan, believed to be a cover for the launch of a satellite known as GoldenEye. This space-based weapon works by firing a concentrated electromagnetic pulse (EMP) at any Earth target to disable any electrical circuit within range. As Bond leaves the silo, he is ambushed by Ourumov and a squad of Russian troops. Ourumov manages to escape during the encounter. In 1995, Bond visits Monte Carlo to investigate the frigate ''La Fayette'', where he rescues several hostages and plants a tracker bug on the ''Pirate'' helicopter before it is stolen by the Janus crime syndicate. Bond is then sent a second time to Severnaya, but during the mission, he is captured and locked up in the bunker's cells along with
Natalya Simonova Natalya Fyodorovna Simonova (russian: Наталья Фёдоровна Семёнова) is a fictional character and the main Bond girl in the James Bond film ''GoldenEye'', played by actress Izabella Scorupco. Biography Natalya Simonova work ...
, a captive computer programmer unwilling to work with Janus. They both escape the complex seconds before it is destroyed—on the orders of Ourumov—by the GoldenEye satellite's EMP. Bond next travels to Saint Petersburg, where he arranges with ex- KGB agent
Valentin Zukovsky This is a list of allies of ''James Bond'' who appear throughout the film series and novels. MI6 M M is a Rear Admiral of the Royal Navy, and the head of the Secret Intelligence Service. Fleming based the character on a number of people ...
to meet the chief of the Janus organisation. This is revealed to be Alec Trevelyan—his execution by Ourumov in the Arkhangelsk facility was faked. Bond and Natalya escape from Trevelyan, but are arrested by the Russian police and taken to the military archives for interrogation. Eventually, Bond escapes the interrogation room, rescues Natalya, and communicates with Defence Minister Dimitri Mishkin, who has verified Bond's claim of Ourumov's treachery. Natalya is recaptured by General Ourumov, and Bond gives chase through the streets of St. Petersburg, eventually reaching an arms depot used by Janus. There, Bond destroys its weaponry stores and then hitches a ride on Trevelyan's ex-Soviet missile train, where he kills Ourumov and rescues Natalya. However, Alec Trevelyan and his ally
Xenia Onatopp Xenia Zaragevna Onatopp (russian: Ксения Сергеевна Онатопп, Kseniya Sergeevna Onatopp) is a fictional character and Bond girl in the James Bond film ''GoldenEye'', played by actress Famke Janssen. She is a fighter pilot and ...
escape to their secret base in Cuba. Natalya accompanies Bond to the Caribbean. Surveying the Cuban jungle aerially, their light aircraft is shot down. Unscathed, Bond and Natalya perform a ground search of the area's heavily guarded jungle terrain but are ambushed by Xenia, who is quickly killed by Bond. Bond sneaks Natalya into the control centre to disrupt transmissions to the GoldenEye satellite and force it to burn up in the Earth's atmosphere. He then follows the fleeing Trevelyan through a series of flooded caverns, eventually arriving at the antenna of the control centre's
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. Trevelyan attempts to re-align it in a final attempt to restore contact with the GoldenEye, but Bond destroys machinery vital to controlling the antenna and defeats Trevelyan in a gunfight on a platform above the dish.


Development


Design

''GoldenEye 007'' was developed by the British studio Rare and directed by Martin Hollis, who had previously worked as a second programmer on the coin-op version of '' Killer Instinct''. In November 1994, after
Nintendo is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational video game company headquartered in Kyoto, Japan. It develops video games and video game consoles. Nintendo was founded in 1889 as by craftsman Fusajiro Yamauchi and originally produce ...
and Rare discussed the possibility of developing a game based on the upcoming '' James Bond'' film '' GoldenEye'', Hollis told
Tim Stamper Brothers Tim and Chris Stamper are British entrepreneurs who founded the video game companies Ultimate Play the Game and Rare. They first worked together on arcade conversion kits, which were licensed to companies, but later became developer ...
, Rare's managing director, that he was interested in the project. Due to the success of Rare's 1994 game '' Donkey Kong Country'', ''GoldenEye 007'' was originally suggested as a 2D platformer for the
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. However, Hollis proposed a 3D shooting game for the upcoming Nintendo 64 console. He created a document with design ideas, including gadgets, weapons, characters, story digression from the film, and artificial intelligence (AI) that would react to the player. Rare named
Sega is a Japanese multinational corporation, multinational video game and entertainment company headquartered in Shinagawa, Tokyo. Its international branches, Sega of America and Sega Europe, are headquartered in Irvine, California and London, r ...
's 1994 light gun shooter ''
Virtua Cop (known as ''Virtua Squad'' for the North American Windows version) is a 1994 light gun shooter game developed by Sega AM2 and designed by Yu Suzuki. It was originally an arcade game on the Sega Model 2 system, and was ported to the Sega Saturn in ...
'', id Software's seminal 1993 first-person shooter '' Doom'' and the Nintendo 64 launch game ''
Super Mario 64 is a platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64. It was released in Japan and North America in 1996 and PAL regions in 1997. It is the first ''Super Mario'' game to feature 3D gameplay, combining traditional ''Su ...
'' as influences. Features such as gun reloading, position-dependent hit reaction animations, penalties for killing innocent characters, and the aiming system that is activated with the R button of the Nintendo 64 controller were adopted from ''Virtua Cop''. The developers considered having players reload weapons by unplugging and re-inserting the Rumble Pak on the controller, but Nintendo opposed the idea. The concept of several varied objectives within each mission was inspired by the multiple tasks in each stage of ''Super Mario 64''. The team visited the studios of the ''GoldenEye'' film several times to collect photographs and blueprints of the sets. Eon Productions and MGM, the companies that control the ''James Bond'' films, granted the team a broad
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, and many levels were extended or modified to allow the player to participate in sequences not seen in the film. Although the reference material was used for authenticity, the team was not afraid to add to it to help the game design. John Woo films such as '' Hard Boiled'' influenced the visual effects and kinetic moments. Details such as bullet marks on walls, cartridge cases being ejected from guns, and objects exploding were part of the design. Hollis wanted players to receive a lot of feedback from the environment when they shot. The team considered implementing both on-rails and free-roaming modes because they did not know how the Nintendo 64 controller would work, and the game's gas plant location was modelled with a predetermined path in mind. A modified
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controller was used for some early playtesting. The designers' initial priority was purely on the creation of interesting spaces; level design and balance considerations such as the placement of start and exit points, characters and objectives did not begin until this process was complete. According to Hollis, this unplanned approach gave many levels a realistic and
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feel, with several rooms having no direct relevance to a level.


Production

Work on ''GoldenEye 007'' began in January 1995 with a team hired by Hollis: programmer Mark Edmonds, background artist Karl Hilton, and character artist B. Jones. Edmonds focused on creating a
game engine A game engine is a software framework primarily designed for the development of video games and generally includes relevant libraries and support programs. The "engine" terminology is similar to the term "software engine" used in the software i ...
that could render 3D graphics from art packages into Nintendo 64 data structures. Hilton modelled levels based on the film material, while Jones constructed characters based on photos and costumes they had. Since final Nintendo 64 specifications and development kits were not initially available to Rare, the team had to estimate the finalised console's capabilities using an SGI Onyx workstation and Nintendo's custom NINGEN development software. In the following months, designer
Duncan Botwood Duncan Lewis Botwood (born 8 March 1972, Stafford) is a British video game designer and voice actor. He worked for British game developer Rare from 1995 to 2008. He was senior designer at the company. Botwood's first work was GoldenEye 007. H ...
joined the team to construct the levels. The first year was spent producing art assets and developing the engine, which originally only allowed the player and enemies to move around a virtual environment. After the first year of development, Rare added more staff to the project. The first addition was designer
David Doak David Doak is a Northern Irish video game designer. Originally from Belfast, he later moved to England, where he studied at Oxford University on biochemistry specialty and worked as a research scientist. Doak began his video game career working ...
, who helped with the level designs and worked on the AI scripting. He explained how the stealth elements were implemented: "Whenever you fired a gun, it had a radius test and alerted the non-player characters within that radius. If you fired the same gun again within a certain amount of time, it did a larger radius test and I think there was a third even larger radius after that. It meant if you found one guy and shot him in the head and then didn't fire again, the timer would reset." Windows throughout the game were programmed so that enemies cannot see through them. Though unrealistic, this encouraged the player to use windows to spy on enemies. Hollis hired a second programmer, Steve Ellies, six months later. Although Ellies assisted the development team in many areas and programmed the cheat options, he was mostly responsible for implementing the multiplayer mode, which was added roughly six months before release. According to Doak, Ellies "sat in a room with all the code written for a single-player game and turned ''GoldenEye'' into a multiplayer game." The team spent numerous late evenings playtesting it. The multiplayer levels are based on single-player missions and some of them do not support four players because they were initially not designed to handle multiplayer action. A firing range was modelled as an environment, but was not added. Because the team assumed they could use anything from the ''James Bond'' universe, the multiplayer mode features characters that appear in previous ''Bond'' films. Actors who portrayed Bond in previous films were playable during development, but were removed because Rare was unable to get
Sean Connery Sir Sean Connery (born Thomas Connery; 25 August 1930 – 31 October 2020) was a Scottish actor. He was the first actor to portray fictional British secret agent James Bond on film, starring in seven Bond films between 1962 and 1983. Origina ...
's permission to use his likeness. Despite their fictional names, most weapons were modelled after real-world firearms such as the Walther PPK, the AK-47, and the FN P90. The Klobb was inspired by the Škorpion, a Czechoslovak submachine gun with a folding stock. Its name was chosen to honor Ken Lobb, who was Rare's Nintendo-side producer and contact at the time. Another weapon, the DD44 Dostovei, was named after Doak's initials. Adrian Smith, the game's third and last artist, who had already worked on some games at Rare, was in charge of producing visual effects such as
muzzle flash Muzzle flash is the light — both visible and infrared — created by a muzzle blast, which is caused by the sudden release and expansion of high-temperature, high-pressure gases from the muzzle of a firearm during shooting. Both the blast an ...
es and explosions. He mentioned the 1995 film '' Heat'' as an influence. The final Nintendo 64 hardware could render
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faster than the SGI Onyx workstation the development team had been using. This helped the developers significantly, as some backgrounds rendered at 2 frames per second on the Onyx without even drawing enemies, objects, or Bond's gun. However, the textures had to be cut down by half. Hilton explained one method of improving performance: "A lot of ''GoldenEye'' is in black and white. RGB colour textures cost a lot more in terms of processing power. You could do double the resolution if you used greyscale, so a lot was done like that. If I needed a bit of colour, I'd add it in the
vertex Vertex, vertices or vertexes may refer to: Science and technology Mathematics and computer science *Vertex (geometry), a point where two or more curves, lines, or edges meet *Vertex (computer graphics), a data structure that describes the position ...
." When ''Super Mario 64'' was released in 1996, the 3D collision detection system was influential for Hollis because ''GoldenEye 007'' was originally using a 2D method. The music was primarily composed by Graeme Norgate and Grant Kirkhope. Norgate previously penned the music of '' Blast Corps'', while Kirkhope composed the music of ''
Donkey Kong Land 2 ''Donkey Kong Land 2'' is a platform video game developed by Rare and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy. It is the sequel to the 1995 Game Boy game '' Donkey Kong Land'' and is part of the ''Donkey Kong'' video game series. It was release ...
''.
Robin Beanland Robin Beanland is a British composer of video game music, composing music for numerous Rare titles, such as the ''Killer Instinct'' franchise, '' Conker's Bad Fur Day'' (which he also co-wrote the screenplay with Chris Seavor), and many oth ...
, the game's third composer, only wrote the elevator music that can be heard in certain levels. All the sound effects were created by Norgate and a lot of effort was put into combining and permuting sounds in different ways to create a satisfying feel. According to Hollis, whenever the player shoots a gun, up to nine different sound effects will randomly trigger. When the game was reviewed by Nintendo shortly before it was released, the company was slightly concerned about the amount of violence and gunplay. As a result, the team toned down the killing and added an end credits sequence that introduces all the non-player characters, giving the game a filmic sense. The game received a Teen rating from the
Entertainment Software Rating Board The Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) is a self-regulatory organization that assigns age and content ratings to consumer video games in the United States and Canada. The ESRB was established in 1994 by the Entertainment Software Asso ...
. ''GoldenEye 007'' was released on a 96- megabit cartridge on 25 August 1997. Although this was over a year and a half after the release of the ''GoldenEye'' film, the game benefited from publicity for the upcoming ''James Bond'' film '' Tomorrow Never Dies''. Every cartridge of the game contains a ZX Spectrum emulator with ten Rare developed games. This function was originally made as an experimental side project by Rare and was deactivated in the final version, but has since been unlocked through
fan-made patch An unofficial patch is a patch for a piece of software, created by a third party such as a user community without the involvement of the original developer. Similar to an ordinary patch, it alleviates bugs or shortcomings. Unofficial patches do no ...
es. The development of ''GoldenEye 007'' took more than two and a half years to complete and had a budget of US$2 million.


Reception

Despite low expectations among the gaming media and an unsuccessful showing at the
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in Atlanta in 1997, ''GoldenEye 007'' was a critical and a commercial success. In 1998, it sold approximately 2.1 million copies. By 2001, it had sold over seven million copies worldwide. Overall, ''GoldenEye 007'' sold more than eight million units worldwide, making it the third- best-selling Nintendo 64 game, behind ''
Super Mario 64 is a platform game developed and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo 64. It was released in Japan and North America in 1996 and PAL regions in 1997. It is the first ''Super Mario'' game to feature 3D gameplay, combining traditional ''Su ...
'' and '' Mario Kart 64''. According to a paper published on the website of the Entertainment Software Association, the game grossed $250 million worldwide. Graphically, ''GoldenEye 007'' was praised for its varied and detailed environments, realistic animations, and special effects such as glass transparencies and lingering smoke. '' Nintendo Power'' said the
frame rate Frame rate (expressed in or FPS) is the frequency (rate) at which consecutive images (frames) are captured or displayed. The term applies equally to film and video cameras, computer graphics, and motion capture systems. Frame rate may also be ca ...
in multiplayer games was high, while '' Electronic Gaming Monthly'' described it as somewhat choppy and sluggish. The zoomable
sniper rifle A sniper rifle is a high-precision, long-range rifle. Requirements include accuracy, reliability, mobility, concealment and optics for anti-personnel, anti-materiel and surveillance uses of the military sniper. The modern sniper rifle is a por ...
was praised as one of the most impressive and entertaining features, with '' Edge'' describing it as a "novel twist" and Jeff Gerstmann of '' GameSpot'' noting its ability to alleviate the distance fog. The music was praised for its inclusion of the " James Bond Theme" and for adding ambience. Some levels begin in lifts and feature transitions from elevator music to full soundtracks, which Gerstmann cited as an illustration of the attention to detail. The gameplay was highlighted for its depth and requiring more stealth and intelligence than earlier first-person shooters.
IGN ''IGN'' (formerly ''Imagine Games Network'') is an American video game and entertainment media website operated by IGN Entertainment Inc., a subsidiary of Ziff Davis, Inc. The company's headquarters is located in San Francisco's SoMa distri ...
's Doug Perry called ''GoldenEye 007'' an immersive game which "blends smart strategy gameplay with fast-action gunmanship". Similarly, Greg Sewart of Gaming Age remarked that players have "a bit of freedom as to what they want to do in any given situation, and what order the directives are completed in". Reviewers also enjoyed the wide variety of weapons and the multi-objective-based missions, stating that they kept the game fresh. The controls were praised for being more intuitive than Acclaim's earlier well-received Nintendo 64 first-person shooter '' Turok: Dinosaur Hunter'', though some found the cursor targeting difficult to master. '' GameRevolution'' credited the gameplay for being realistic and different from other shooters, but also criticised the campaign for being badly paced. The publication noted that ''GoldenEye 007'' "takes it for granted that you have already seen the movie" and that players may get stuck due to the game's lack of orientation. At the time, ''GoldenEye 007'' was considered the best multiplayer game on the system, "edging '' Mario Kart 64'' by a hair" according to IGN. ''Edge'' called it addictive and praised the originality of some of the scenarios such as You Only Live Twice. ''
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'' said the multiplayer modes "will have you shooting your friends for the rest of the year", while ''
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'' highlighted the number of multiplayer options, calling ''GoldenEye 007'' "a surprising killer app, if only for the smashing multiplayer options. The excellent single-player game backing it up makes it well worth buying indeed." The game was also hailed for its accurate and detailed adaptation of the film, with ''GamePro'' going so far as to call it "one of the best movie-to-game translations ever". The ability to use numerous signature Bond gadgets and weapons was considered a particularly strong element in this regard. Crispin Boyer of ''Electronic Gaming Monthly'' stated that Rare "has packed everything that's cool about 007 into this game." ''GoldenEye 007'' received multiple year-end awards, including the BAFTA Interactive Entertainment Games Award in 1998, and four awards from the inaugural
AIAS Ajax () or Aias (; grc, Αἴας, Aíās , ''Aíantos''; archaic ) is a Greek mythological hero, the son of King Telamon and Periboea, and the half-brother of Teucer. He plays an important role, and is portrayed as a towering figure an ...
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: Interactive Title of the Year, Console Game of the Year, Console Action Game of the Year, and Outstanding Achievement in Software Engineering; it was also nominated for Outstanding Achievement in Art/Graphics and Outstanding Achievement in Interactive Design. ''Electronic Gaming Monthly'' named it both Most Addictive Game and Best Movie to Game in their 1998 Video Game Buyer's Guide, and Game of the Year in their Editor's Choice Awards. Rare won the BAFTA award for Best UK Developer.


Legacy


Retrospective appraisal

''GoldenEye 007'' has been credited for proving that it is possible to create a "fun" first-person shooter experience on a home console in both single-player and multiplayer modes—when the game was released, the first-person shooter genre was primarily for
PC game A personal computer game, also known as a PC game or computer game, is a type of video game played on a personal computer (PC) rather than a video game console or arcade machine. Its defining characteristics include: more diverse and user-deter ...
s. The game opened the genre to the console market, and it has been credited for paving the way for the popularity of '' Halo'' and ''
Call of Duty ''Call of Duty'' is a first-person shooter video game Media franchise, franchise published by Activision. Starting out in 2003, it first focused on games set in World War II. Over time, the series has seen games set in the midst of the Cold W ...
''. The game's introduction of a multiplayer deathmatch mode on a console is often credited for having revolutionised the genre, with ''Edge'' stating that it set the standard for multiplayer console combat until it was surpassed by '' Halo: Combat Evolved'' in 2001. ''GoldenEye 007'' also introduced stealth elements that were unprecedented in first-person shooters. The game's use of realistic gameplay, which contrasted with the approaches taken by '' Doom'' clones, and its context-sensitive hit locations on enemies added a realism that was previously unseen in video games, although the 1996 ''
Team Fortress A team is a group of individuals (human or non-human) working together to achieve their goal. As defined by Professor Leigh Thompson of the Kellogg School of Management, " team is a group of people who are interdependent with respect to info ...
'' computer
mod Mod, MOD or mods may refer to: Places * Modesto City–County Airport, Stanislaus County, California, US Arts, entertainment, and media Music * Mods (band), a Norwegian rock band * M.O.D. (Method of Destruction), a band from New York City, US ...
for '' Quake'' had previously introduced headshots. Alongside
Shiny Entertainment Shiny Entertainment, Inc. was an American video game developer based in Laguna Beach, California. Founded in October 1993 by David Perry (game developer), David Perry, Shiny was the creator of video games such as ''Earthworm Jim (video game), E ...
's 1997 third-person shooter ''
MDK ''MDK'' is a 1997 third-person shooter video game developed by Shiny Entertainment for Microsoft Windows. It was ported to Mac OS by Shokwave, and to the PlayStation by Neversoft. It was published on all systems by PIE in North America, with S ...
'', ''GoldenEye 007'' has been credited with pioneering and popularising the now-standard inclusion of scoped sniper rifles in video games. ''GoldenEye 007'' is frequently cited as one of the greatest video games of all time. Shortly after its release in 1997, '' Electronic Gaming Monthly'' ranked ''GoldenEye 007'' the 25th best console video game of all time, calling it "easily the best movie game, and, more importantly, the best first-person game ever." In 1999, ''Next Generation'' editors placed ''GoldenEye 007'' at No. 10 on their list of Top 50 Games of All Time, commenting, "Marrying ''Doom''-style shooting with trademark ''Bond'' missions, ''GoldenEye'' is the perfect thinking-man's shooter." In 2000, ''
Computer and Video Games ''Computer and Video Games'' (also known as ''CVG'', ''Computer & Video Games'', ''C&VG'', ''Computer + Video Games'', or ''C+VG'') was a UK-based video game magazine, published in its original form between 1981 and 2004. Its offshoot website ...
'' readers ranked ''GoldenEye 007'' first place in the magazine's poll of 100 Greatest Games of All Time, and fifth in a similar poll the following year. In 2001, '' Game Informer'' ranked the game 16th on its list of Top 100 Games of All Time. In 2004, '' Retro Gamer'' readers voted ''GoldenEye 007'' as the 33rd greatest retro game, with editors calling it "easily the best ''Bond'' game to date." In 2005, ''IGN'' editors ranked the game 29th on their list of Top 100 Games of All Time, while readers placed it at seventh on a separate list. In 2009, '' Official Nintendo Magazine'' ranked the game 55th on a list of greatest Nintendo games. ''Edge'' has featured ''GoldenEye 007'' prominently in several "greatest game" lists. The game was ranked third in a staff-voted poll in 2000, was included as one of the publication's top ten shooters in 2003, and was placed at No. 17 in a staff, reader, and gaming industry-voted poll in 2007. Although ''Edge'' awarded ''GoldenEye 007'' a score of 9 out of 10 upon its release, the publication acknowledged in 2013 that the game should have received the highest score. With its eight million copies sold, ''GoldenEye 007'' was a significant contributor in helping the Nintendo 64 remain competitive against the
PlayStation is a video gaming brand that consists of five home video game consoles, two handhelds, a media center, and a smartphone, as well as an online service and multiple magazines. The brand is produced by Sony Interactive Entertainment, a divisi ...
, although Nintendo ultimately lost much of the market share. ''
GamePro Gamepro.com is an international multiplatform video game magazine media company that covers the video game industry, video game hardware and video game software in countries such as Germany and France. The publication, GamePro, was originally la ...
'' called ''GoldenEye 007'' the console killer app of the 1990s and the greatest licensed game from a film of all time, while '' Nintendo Power'' considered the multiplayer mode one of the greatest multiplayer experiences in Nintendo history. In a retrospective analysis, '' Nintendo Life'' editor Mark Reece gave ''GoldenEye 007'' eight out of ten, stating that although the multiplayer mode stands up well, its graphics, audio and "fiddly" aiming system are dated. He noted that ''GoldenEye 007''s approach to difficulty settings provides considerable replay value, but is a system rarely used in modern first-person shooters. Writing for '' NME'' on the game's 20th anniversary, journalist Mark Beaumont highlighted the immersive graphics, aesthetic, location-based damage on enemies, and revolutionary multiplayer mode, stating that it "helped to introduce gaming as a group event". In 2011, the game was selected as one of 80 games from the past 40 years to be placed in the Art of Video Games exhibit in the
Smithsonian American Art Museum The Smithsonian American Art Museum (commonly known as SAAM, and formerly the National Museum of American Art) is a museum in Washington, D.C., part of the Smithsonian Institution. Together with its branch museum, the Renwick Gallery, SAAM holds o ...
in Washington, DC.


The Klobb

The Klobb has been retrospectively described by critics as a memorable aspect of the gameplay of ''GoldenEye 007'', albeit for its negative traits; despite its high rate of fire, it deals a low amount of damage and is extremely inaccurate. In a contemporaneous review, ''Edge'' remarked that the ability to dual-wield the Klobb is one of the most satisfying moments, and argued that it is likely to be remembered by players unlike the vast majority of video game weapons. In their view, imperfection adds both realism and unpredictability to a game, and that the moments created by this were something that designers were beginning to realize were just as valuable as creating a "perfect" weapon. Simon Parkin of '' Eurogamer'' noted the naming of the Klobb as one of the first times that issues arose over using real-life gun names for in-game weapons, as ''GoldenEye 007'' was one of the first console games to feature 3D firearms. Parkin noted that while the invented gun names were "acceptable in the fictional universe of ''James Bond''", he emphasized that "for those games based around real armed forces, the inclusion of brand names was necessary to remain faithful to the source material." The gun was included in the video game ''
Too Human ''Too Human'' is an action role-playing game developed by Silicon Knights and published by Xbox Game Studios, Microsoft Studios. It was released in August 2008 for the Xbox 360. The game's story is a science-fictional futuristic retelling of No ...
'' as "KLOBB", due to Ken Lobb's association with the game's developers, Silicon Knights.


Rerelease

An Xbox Live Arcade (XBLA) remaster was in development at Rare for several months in 2008. The remaster was set to add several new features, including online multiplayer and the ability to toggle between the original and updated graphics. Though it reportedly needed only two more months of development before it was finished, the remaster was cancelled because Nintendo, MGM, and Microsoft, which acquired Rare in 2002, were unable to come to a licensing agreement. According to Rare's Ross Bury, Mark Edmonds, and Chris Tilston, Rare began developing the remaster in late 2006, shortly after the Stamper brothers had left Rare and after the company had completed '' Perfect Dark Zero'' and ''
Kameo ''Kameo: Elements of Power'' is a 2005 Action-adventure game, action-adventure video game developed by Rare (company), Rare and published by Microsoft Game Studios. The player controls Kameo, a 16-year-old elf, who must travel across the land, ...
''. Microsoft had suggested that ''GoldenEye 007'' would be appropriate for XBLA, leading Rare to start on the remaster prior to getting Nintendo's permission, believing it would not have been a problem because ''GoldenEye 007'' was one of the most popular Nintendo 64 games. Rare had completed the conversion and removed most of the bugs before they learned that Nintendo had not cleared it. This halted development until negotiation on rights could be discussed, which ultimately fell through. In January 2021, a full playthrough of a
prototype A prototype is an early sample, model, or release of a product built to test a concept or process. It is a term used in a variety of contexts, including semantics, design, electronics, and Software prototyping, software programming. A prototyp ...
of the XBLA version was streamed to YouTube, showcasing improved graphics running at 60 frames per second. Later, a near-final playable ROM image of the XBLA game was leaked online from an unknown source. In January 2022, achievements for an Xbox One version of ''GoldenEye 007'' were leaked. In June 2022, the same leaked achievements were seen on Xbox servers. ''VGC'' and ''Eurogamer'' reported that the leaked achievements suggested an official release was imminent. The Xbox One version was formally announced in September 2022, alongside a rerelease of the original Nintendo 64 version for
Nintendo Switch The is a hybrid video game console developed by Nintendo and released worldwide in most regions on March 3, 2017. The console itself is a Tablet computer#Gaming tablet, tablet that can either be docking station, docked for use as a home video ...
through Nintendo Switch Online. Players who digitally purchased Rare's 2015 Xbox One compilation '' Rare Replay'' will receive the game for free. The Xbox One release supports
4K resolution 4K resolution refers to a horizontal display resolution of approximately 4,000 pixels. Digital television and digital cinematography commonly use several different 4K resolutions. In television and consumer media, 38402160 (4K Ultra-high-definitio ...
displays, but does not include any of the enhancements from the canceled XBLA remaster. The Switch release is the only one to feature online multiplayer, via the Nintendo Switch Online emulator's built-in online multiplayer functionality.


Related games

After ''GoldenEye 007'' was released, Rare began development of a
spiritual successor A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product lin ...
, '' Perfect Dark''. Using an upgraded version of the ''GoldenEye 007'' game engine, ''Perfect Dark'' was released for the Nintendo 64 in 2000. Although the game features a setting and storyline unrelated to ''James Bond'', it shares many gameplay features, including a similar control scheme, mission objectives that vary with difficulty settings, and cheat options unlockable through quick level completions. While ''Perfect Dark'' was still in development, Martin Hollis left Rare to work as a consultant on the development of the
GameCube The is a home video game console developed and released by Nintendo in Japan on September 14, 2001, in North America on November 18, 2001, and in PAL territories in 2002. It is the successor to the Nintendo 64 (1996), and predecessor of the Wii ...
at Nintendo of America. Other members of the ''GoldenEye 007'' team also left the studio to form
Free Radical Design Free Radical Design Ltd. is a British video game developer based in Nottingham. Founded by David Doak, Steve Ellis, Karl Hilton and Graeme Norgate in Stoke-on-Trent in April 1999, they are best known for their '' TimeSplitters'' series of ga ...
. The company developed the ''
TimeSplitters ''TimeSplitters'' is a series of first-person shooter video games developed by Free Radical Design. The games are often considered spiritual successors to '' GoldenEye 007'' and '' Perfect Dark'', due to overlapping elements in gameplay, design, ...
'' series of first-person shooters. These games contain several references to ''GoldenEye 007'', including the design of the health- HUD, the nature of the aiming system, and the Russian dam setting of the opening level of ''
TimeSplitters 2 ''TimeSplitters 2'' is a first-person shooter video game developed by Free Radical Design and published by Eidos Interactive for PlayStation 2, Xbox (console), Xbox and GameCube game consoles. It is the second game in the ''TimeSplitters'' series, ...
''. After forming a partnership with MGM in late 1998, Electronic Arts published games based on then-recent ''James Bond'' films, '' Tomorrow Never Dies'' and '' The World Is Not Enough'', as well as entirely original ones, including '' Agent Under Fire'', ''
Nightfire ''James Bond 007: Nightfire'' is a 2002 first-person shooter video game published by Electronic Arts for the GameCube, PlayStation 2, Xbox and Microsoft Windows, with additional versions released for the Game Boy Advance in 2003, and the Mac ...
'', ''
Everything or Nothing Everything, every-thing, or every thing is all that exists; the opposite of nothing, or its complement. It is the totality of things relevant to some subject matter. Without expressed or implied limits, it may refer to anything. The universe is ...
'' and '' GoldenEye: Rogue Agent''. Although Nintendo considered the possibility of bringing ''GoldenEye 007'' to the
Wii The Wii ( ) is a home video game console developed and marketed by Nintendo. It was released on November 19, 2006, in North America and in December 2006 for most other Regional lockout, regions of the world. It is Nintendo's fifth major ho ...
's Virtual Console in 2006, the game was never released for the platform due to legal issues involving the numerous licence holders with rights to the game and to the ''James Bond'' intellectual property. In 2006, the ''James Bond'' game licence was acquired by Activision. Activision published more games, including ''
Quantum of Solace ''Quantum of Solace'' is a 2008 spy film and the twenty-second in the List of James Bond films, ''James Bond'' series produced by Eon Productions. It is the sequel to Casino Royale (2006 film), ''Casino Royale'' (2006). Directed by Marc Forst ...
'', ''
Blood Stone ''James Bond 007: Blood Stone'' is a 2010 third-person shooter video game developed by Bizarre Creations and published by Activision for Microsoft Windows, Nintendo DS, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. It is the 24th game in the ''James Bond'' series ...
'' and a 2010 remake of ''GoldenEye 007''''.'' The remake features Daniel Craig as the playable character, contemporary first-person shooter conventions, new level layouts, and online multiplayer. Activision lost the ''James Bond'' game licence in 2014. In 2010, an independent development team released '' GoldenEye: Source'', a multiplayer-only
total conversion mod Video game modding (short for "modification") is the process of alteration by players or fans of one or more aspects of a video game, such as how it looks or behaves, and is a sub-discipline of general modding. Mods may range from small changes an ...
that runs on the Source engine. ''GoldenEye 007'' had initially been intended for inclusion in ''Rare Replay''; a behind-the-scenes featurette for the compilation was produced, but was not released until being leaked in 2019. A fan remake powered by Unreal Engine 4, ''GoldenEye 25'', was in development and originally scheduled for a 2022 release in honour of the game's 25th anniversary, but it was retooled into an original property called ''S.P.I.E.S.'' after MGM sent a
cease and desist A cease and desist letter is a document sent to an individual or business to stop alleged illegal activity. The phrase "cease and desist" is a legal doublet, made up of two near-synonyms. The letter may warn that, if the recipient does not dis ...
letter to the developers.


References


External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Goldeneye 007 1997 video games AIAS Game of the Year winners BAFTA Interactive Entertainment Award for Best Games winners Cold War video games First-person shooters GoldenEye Golden Joystick Award winners Interactive Achievement Award winners James Bond video games Nintendo 64 games Nintendo Switch Online Nintendo 64 games Nintendo games Multiplayer and single-player video games Rare (company) games Split-screen multiplayer games Stealth video games Video games based on films Video games based on works by Michael France Video games scored by Graeme Norgate Video games scored by Grant Kirkhope Video games scored by Robin Beanland Video games set in 1986 Video games set in 1991 Video games set in 1993 Video games set in 1995 Video games set in Cuba Video games set in Egypt Video games set in Kyrgyzstan Video games set in Mexico Video games set in Monaco Video games set in Russia Video games set in the Soviet Union VSDA Game of the Year winners D.I.C.E. Award for Action Game of the Year winners Video games developed in the United Kingdom Xbox One games Xbox Series X and Series S games