The Canada Gairdner International Award is given annually by the

Gairdner Foundation The Gairdner Foundation is a non-profit organization devoted to the recognition of outstanding achievements in biomedical research worldwide. It was created in 1957 by James Arthur Gairdner to recognize and reward the achievements of medical resea ...

at a special dinner to five individuals for outstanding discoveries or contributions to medical science. Receipt of the Gairdner is traditionally considered a precursor to winning the

Nobel Prize in Medicine The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is awarded yearly by the Nobel Assembly at the Karolinska Institute for outstanding discoveries in physiology or medicine. The Nobel Prize is not a single prize, but five separate prizes that, according ...

; as of 2020, 95 Nobel Prizes have been awarded to prior Gairdner recipients. Canada Gairdner International Awards are given annually in the amount of $100,000 (each) payable in Canadian funds and can be awarded to residents of any country in the world. A joint award may be given for the same discovery or contribution to medical science, but in that case each awardee receives a full prize.

Past winners

*1959

Alfred Blalock Alfred Blalock (April 5, 1899 – September 15, 1964) was an American surgeon most noted for his work on the medical condition of shock as well as Tetralogy of Fallot— commonly known as Blue baby syndrome. He created, with assistance from h ...

, , Harry M. Rose, William D.M. Paton, Eleanor Zaimis,

Wilfred G. Bigelow Wilfred Gordon "Bill" Bigelow (June 18, 1913 – March 27, 2005) was a Canadians, Canadian cardiac surgery, heart Physicians in Canada, surgeon known for his role in developing the artificial pacemaker and the use of hypothermia in open heart ...

*1960

Joshua Harold Burn Joshua Harold Burn FRS (6 March 1892 – 13 July 1981) was an English pharmacologist and professor of pharmacology at Oxford University. Burn worked on the internal control of the body by the autonomic nervous system, carrying out seminal wor ...

, John H. Gibbon Jr., William F. Hamilton,

John McMichael John McMichael (9 January 1948 – 22 December 1987) was a Northern Irish loyalist who rose to become the most prominent and charismatic figure within the Ulster Defence Association (UDA) as the Deputy Commander and leader of its South Belf ...

, Karl Meyer,

Arnold Rice Rich Arnold Rice Rich (March 28, 1893 – April 17, 1968) was an American pathology, pathologist. Career Born March 28, 1893, in Birmingham, Alabama, Rich attended the University of Virginia, majoring in biology, and then the Johns Hopkins Medica ...

*1961 Russell Brock, Alan C. Burton, Alexander B. Gutman, Jonas H. Kellgren, Ulf S. von Euler *1962 Francis H.C. Crick, Albert H. Coons,

Clarence Crafoord Clarence Crafoord (1899 – 1984) was a Swedish cardiovascular surgeon, best known for performing the first successful repair of aortic coarctation on 19 October 1944, one year before Robert E. Gross. Crafoord also introduced heparin as thro ...

, Henry G. Kunkel, Stanley J. Sarnoff *1963 Murray L. Barr,

Jacques Genest Jacques Genest (May 29, 1919 – January 5, 2018) was a Canadian physician and scientist. He founded the Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM) and was an emeritus professor at Université de Montréal and a professor at McGill Uni ...

, Irvine H. Page,

Pierre Grabar Pierre Grabar (September 10, 1898, Kiev - January 26, 1986, Paris) was a French biochemist and immunologist, born in Russia. He was the founding president of the Société Française d'Immunologie. He studied antigen-antibody reactions and devel ...

C. Walton Lillehei Clarence Walton Lillehei (October 23, 1918 – July 5, 1999), was an American surgeon who pioneered open-heart surgery, as well as numerous techniques, equipment and prostheses for cardiothoracic surgery. Background Clarence (often called "W ...

, Eric G.L. Bywaters *1964 Seymour Benzer, Jr.,

Deborah Doniach Deborah Doniach MD FRCP ( Abileah; 6 April 1912 – 1 January 2004) was a British clinical immunologist and pioneer in the field of autoimmune diseases. Early and personal life Deborah Abileah was born in Geneva, Switzerland, on 6 April 1912 ...

, Ivan M. Roitt, Gordon D.W. Murray, Keith R. Porter *1965 Jerome W. Conn, Robin R.A. Coombs, Charles Enrique Dent, Charles P. Leblond, , Frederick Horace Smirk *1966 Rodney R. Porter, Geoffrey S. Dawes,

Charles B. Huggins Charles Brenton Huggins (September 22, 1901 – January 12, 1997) was a Canadian-American physician, physiologist and cancer researcher at the University of Chicago specializing in prostate cancer. He was awarded the 1966 Nobel Prize for Physi ...

, Willem J. Kolff, Luis F. Leloir, Jacques F.A.P. Miller,

Jan Waldenström Jan, JaN or JAN may refer to: Acronyms * Jackson, Mississippi (Amtrak station), US, Amtrak station code JAN * Jackson-Evers International Airport, Mississippi, US, IATA code * Jabhat al-Nusra (JaN), a Syrian militant group * Japanese Article Numb ...

*1967 Christian DeDuve,

Marshall W. Nirenberg Marshall Warren Nirenberg (April 10, 1927 – January 15, 2010) was an American biochemist and geneticist. He shared a Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968 with Har Gobind Khorana and Robert W. Holley for "breaking the genetic code" an ...

, George E. Palade,

Julius Axelrod Julius Axelrod (May 30, 1912 – December 29, 2004) was an American biochemist. He won a share of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970 along with Bernard Katz and Ulf von Euler. The Nobel Committee honored him for his work on the re ...

, Sidney Udenfriend, D. Harold Copp, Iain Macintyre, , J. Fraser Mustard *1968 Bruce Chown,

James L. Gowans Sir James Learmonth Gowans (7 May 1924 – 1 April 2020) was a British physician and immunologist. In 1945, while studying medicine at King's College Hospital, he assisted at the liberated Bergen-Belsen concentration camp as a voluntary m ...

George H. Hitchings George Herbert Hitchings (April 18, 1905 – February 27, 1998) was an American medical doctor who shared the 1988 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Sir James Black and Gertrude Elion "for their discoveries of important principles for ...

, , J. Edwin Seegmiller *1969 Frank J. Dixon,

John P. Merrill John Putnam Merrill (March 10, 1917 – April 14, 1984) was an American physician and medical researcher. He led the team which performed the world's first successful kidney transplant.Altman, Lawrence K "Dr. John Merrill, Transplant Pioneer, Di ...

Belding H. Scribner Belding Hibbard Scribner (January 18, 1921 – June 19, 2003) was an American physician and a pioneer in kidney dialysis. Biography Scribner received his medical degree from Stanford University in 1945. After completing his postgraduate s ...

, Robert B. Salter, Earl W. Sutherland, Ernest A. McCulloch,

F. Mason Sones F. Mason Sones, Jr. (October 28, 1918 – August 28, 1985) was an American physician whose pioneering work in cardiac catheterization was instrumental in the development of both coronary artery bypass surgery and interventional cardiology. Earl ...

, James E. Till *1970 Vincent P. Dole, W. Richard S. Doll, Robert A. Good, Niels K. Jerne, Robert B. Merrifield *1971

Charles H. Best Charles Herbert Best (February 27, 1899 – March 31, 1978) was an American-Canadian medical scientist and one of the co-discoverers of insulin. Biography Born in West Pembroke, Maine on February 27, 1899 to Luella Fisher and Herbert Huestis ...

, ,

Frederick Sanger Frederick Sanger (; 13 August 1918 – 19 November 2013) was an English biochemist who received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry twice. He won the 1958 Chemistry Prize for determining the amino acid sequence of insulin and numerous other p ...

, Donald F. Steiner, Solomon A. Berson, Rosalyn S. Yalow *1972 Sune Karl Bergström,

Britton Chance Britton "Brit" Chance (July 24, 1913 – November 16, 2010) was an American biochemist, biophysicist, scholar, and inventor whose work helped develop spectroscopy as a way to diagnose medical problems. He was "a world leader in transforming t ...

Oleh Hornykiewicz Oleh Hornykiewicz (17 November 1926 - 26 May 2020) was an Austrian biochemist. Life Oleh Hornykiewicz was born in 1926 in Sykhiw (a district of Lviv), then in Poland (now Ukraine). In 1951, he received his M.D. degree from the University of Vie ...

Robert Russell Race Robert Russell Race CBE FRS FRCP FRCPath MRCS (28 November 1907 – 15 April 1984) was a British medical doctor and human geneticist. He was Director of the Medical Research Council Blood Group Unit, of the Lister Institute of Prevent ...

Ruth Sanger Ruth Ann Sanger (6 June 1918 – 4 June 2001) was an Australian immunogeneticist, haematologist and serologist. She was known for her work on human red cell antigens and for the genetic mapping of the human X chromosome. She was Director of ...

*1973 Roscoe O. Brady, Denis P. Burkitt,

John Charnley Sir John Charnley, (29 August 1911 – 5 August 1982) was an English orthopaedic surgeon. He pioneered the hip replacement operation, which is now one of the most common operations both in the UK and elsewhere in the world, and created the ...

Kimishige Ishizaka was a Japanese immunologist who, with his wife Teruko Ishizaka, discovered the antibody class Immunoglobulin E (IgE) in 1966–1967. Their work was regarded as a major breakthrough in the understanding of allergy. He was awarded the 1973 Gair ...

Teruko Ishizaka was a Japanese scientist and immunologist who along with her husband Kimishige Ishizaka discovered the antibody class Immunoglobulin E (IgE) in 1966. Their work was regarded as a major breakthrough in the understanding of allergy, and for thi ...

, Harold E. Johns *1974

David Baltimore David Baltimore (born March 7, 1938) is an American biologist, university administrator, and 1975 Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine. He is President Emeritus and Distinguished Professor of Biology at the California Institute of Technolo ...

Howard M. Temin Howard Martin Temin (December 10, 1934 – February 9, 1994) was an American geneticist and virologist. He discovered reverse transcriptase in the 1970s at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, for which he shared the 1975 Nobel Prize in Phy ...

, Hector F. DeLuca,

Roger Guillemin Roger Charles Louis Guillemin (born January 11, 1924) is a French-American neuroscientist. He received the National Medal of Science in 1976, and the Nobel prize for medicine in 1977 for his work on neurohormones, sharing the prize that year ...

Andrew V. Schally Andrzej Viktor "Andrew" Schally (born 30 November 1926) is an American endocrinologistAndrew V. Schally"Andrew V. Schally" ''Encyclopædia Britannica''. of Polish ancestry, who was a corecipient, with Roger Guillemin and Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, of ...

Hans J. Müller-Eberhard Hans Joachim Müller-Eberhard (May 5, 1927 – March 3, 1998) was a distinguished molecular immunologist who did pioneering research in the United States and his native Germany. The areas of investigation upon which he left his mark include t ...

, Juda Quastel *1975

Ernest Beutler Ernest Beutler (September 30, 1928 – October 5, 2008) was a German-born American hematologist and biomedical scientist. He made important discoveries about the causes of a number of diseases, including anemias, Gaucher disease, disorders of ir ...

Baruch S. Blumberg Baruch Samuel Blumberg (July 28, 1925 April 5, 2011), known as Barry Blumberg, was an American physician, geneticist, and co-recipient of the 1976 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (with Daniel Carleton Gajdusek), for his work on the hepat ...

, Henri G. Hers, Hugh E. Huxley, ,

William Thornton Mustard William Thornton Mustard (August 8, 1914 – December 11, 1987) was a Canadian physician and cardiac surgeon. In 1949, he was one of the first to perform open-heart surgery using a mechanical heart pump and biological lung on a dog at the Ba ...

*1976 Sir Godfrey N. Hounsfield, ,

William B. Kannel William B. Kannel (December 13, 1923 in Brooklyn – August 20, 2011) was a former director of the Framingham Heart Study and a former head of the American Heart Association's Council of Epidemiology. He was among the recipients of the 1976 G ...

Eugene P. Kennedy Eugene Patrick Kennedy (1919–2011) was an American biochemist known for his work on lipid metabolism and membrane function. He attended DePaul University and then became a PhD student at the University of Chicago. From 1959 to 1993 he worked at ...

, George Klein, George D. Snell *1977 , Cyril A. Clarke,

Jean Dausset Jean-Baptiste-Gabriel-Joachim Dausset (19 October 1916 – 6 June 2009) was a French immunologist born in Toulouse, France. Dausset received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1980 along with Baruj Benacerraf and George Davis Snell fo ...

Henry G. Friesen Henry George Friesen (born July 31, 1934) is a Canadian endocrinologist, a distinguished professor emeritus of the University of Manitoba and the discoverer of human prolactin, a hormone which stimulates lactation Lactation describes the se ...

Victor A. McKusick Victor Almon McKusick (October 21, 1921 – July 22, 2008) was an American internist and medical geneticist, and Professor of Medicine at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore. He was a proponent of the mapping of the human genome due to its ...

*1978

Sydney Brenner Sydney Brenner (13 January 1927 – 5 April 2019) was a South African biologist. In 2002, he shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with H. Robert Horvitz and Sir John E. Sulston. Brenner made significant contributions to work ...

, Jean-Pierre Changeux,

Donald S. Fredrickson Donald Sharp "Don" Fredrickson (August 8, 1924 – June 7, 2002) was an Americans, American medical researcher, principally of the lipid metabolism, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, and director of National Institutes of Health and subsequently ...

Samuel O. Freedman Samuel Orkin Freedman, (born May 8, 1928) is a Canadians, Canadian clinical immunology, immunologist, professor and academic administrator. In 1965, he co-discovered with Phil Gold the carcinoembryonic antigen, the basis of a blood test used in ...

Phil Gold Phil Gold (born September 17, 1936) is a Canadian physician, scientist, and professor. Born in Montreal, Quebec, he received a BSc degree in 1957, a MSc degree in 1961, a MD degree in 1961, and a PhD in 1965 from McGill University. He obtai ...

Edwin G. Krebs Edwin Gerhard Krebs (June 6, 1918 – December 21, 2009) was an American biochemist. He received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research and the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize of Columbia University in 1989 together with Alfred Gilman and ...

, Elizabeth C. Miller, James A. Miller ( de), Lars Terenius ( de) *1979 Sir James W. Black, George F. Cahill Jr.,

Walter Gilbert Walter Gilbert (born March 21, 1932) is an American biochemist, physicist, molecular biology pioneer, and Nobel laureate. Education and early life Walter Gilbert was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on March 21, 1932, the son of Emma (Cohen), a ...

, Elwood V. Jensen,

, Charles R. Scriver *1980

Paul Berg Paul Berg (born June 30, 1926) is an American biochemist and professor emeritus at Stanford University. He was the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1980, along with Walter Gilbert and Frederick Sanger. The award recognized their con ...

, , H. Gobind Khorana, Efraim Racker,

Jesse Roth Jesse Roth (born August 5, 1934) is an American physician and endocrinologist, currently at The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research. He received his BA in 1955 from Columbia University, his MD in 1959 from Albert Einstein College of Medicine. ...

Michael Sela Michael Sela ( he, מיכאל סלע; Mieczysław Salomonowicz; 2 March 1924 – 27 May 2022) was an Israeli immunologist of Polish Jewish origin. He was the W. Garfield Weston Professor of Immunology at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Re ...

*1981 Michael S. Brown, Joseph L. Goldstein, , , Georges J. Köhler,

César Milstein César Milstein, CH, FRS (8 October 1927 – 24 March 2002) was an Argentine biochemist in the field of antibody research. Milstein shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1984 with Niels Kaj Jerne and Georges J. F. Köhler for d ...

, Elizabeth F. Neufeld, Saul Roseman,

Bengt Samuelsson Bengt Ingemar Samuelsson (born 21 May 1934) is a Swedish biochemist. He shared with Sune K. Bergström and John R. Vane the 1982 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine for discoveries concerning prostaglandins and related substances. Education a ...

*1982

Gilbert Ashwell Gilbert Ashwell (July 16, 1916 – June 27, 2014) was an American biochemist at the National Institutes of Health. He was elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences for his work with Anatol Morell in isolating the first cell recepto ...

Günter Blobel Günter Blobel (; May 21, 1936 – February 18, 2018) was a Silesian German and American biologist and 1999 Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology for the discovery that proteins have intrinsic signals that govern their transport and localization in ...

Arvid Carlsson Arvid Carlsson (25 January 1923 – 29 June 2018) was a Swedish neuropharmacologist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in Parkinson's disease. For his work on dopamine, Carlsson was awarded the Nobe ...

Paul Janssen Paul Adriaan Jan, Baron Janssen (12 September 1926 - 11 November 2003) was a Belgian physician. He was the founder of Janssen Pharmaceutica, a pharmaceutical company with over 20,000 employees which is now a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson. Ea ...

, Manfred M. Mayer *1983 Donald A. Henderson, Bruce N. Ames, Gerald D. Aurbach, John A. Clements, Richard K. Gershon, Susumu Tonegawa *1984

J. Michael Bishop John Michael Bishop (born February 22, 1936) is an American immunologist and microbiologist who shared the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Harold E. Varmus and was co-winner of 1984 Alfred P. Sloan Prize. He serves as an activ ...

Harold E. Varmus Harold Eliot Varmus (born December 18, 1939) is an American Nobel Prize-winning scientist. He is currently the Lewis Thomas University Professor of Medicine at Weill Cornell Medicine and a senior associate at the New York Genome Center. He was ...

, Alfred G. Gilman,

Martin Rodbell Martin Rodbell (December 1, 1925 – December 7, 1998) was an American biochemist and molecular endocrinologist who is best known for his discovery of G-proteins. He shared the 1994 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Alfred G. Gilman fo ...

Yuet Wai Kan Yuet Wai Kan (; born June 11, 1936), is a Chinese-American geneticist and hematologist. He is the current Louis K. Diamond Chair in Hematology and a Professor Emeritus at the University of California, San Francisco. He is a former president ...

, Kresimir Krnjevic, Robert L. Noble *1985 Stanley Cohen,

Paul C. Lauterbur Paul Christian Lauterbur (May 6, 1929 – March 27, 2007) was an American chemist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2003 with Peter Mansfield for his work which made the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) poss ...

, Raymond U. Lemieux,

Mary F. Lyon Mary Frances Lyon (15 May 1925 – 25 December 2014) was an English geneticist best known for her discovery of X-chromosome inactivation, an important biological phenomenon. Early life and education Mary Lyon was born on 15 May 1925 in Norwic ...

Mark Ptashne Mark Ptashne (born June 5, 1940, in Chicago) is a molecular biologist. He is the Ludwig Chair of Molecular Biology at Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center in New York City. Ptashne grew up in Chicago. He earned his undergraduate degree at Re ...

Charles Yanofsky Charles Yanofsky (April 17, 1925 – March 16, 2018) was an American geneticist on the faculty of Stanford University who contributed to the establishment of the one gene-one enzyme hypothesis and discovered attenuation, a riboswitch mechanis ...

*1986 Jean-Francois Borel,

James E. Darnell James Edwin Darnell Jr. (born September 9, 1930, Columbus, Mississippi) is an American biologist who made significant contributions to RNA processing and cytokine signaling and is author of the cell biology textbook ''Molecular Cell Biology''. ...

Philip A. Sharp Phillip Allen Sharp (born June 6, 1944) is an American geneticist and Molecular biology, molecular biologist who co-discovered RNA splicing. He shared the 1993 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Richard J. Roberts for "the discovery th ...

Adolfo J. de Bold Adolfo José de Bold (February 14, 1942October 22, 2021) was an Argentinian-Canadian cardiovascular researcher, best known for his discovery of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a polypeptide hormone secreted by heart muscle cells. The hormone ...

, , ,

Peter C. Doherty Peter Charles Doherty (born 15 October 1940) is an Australian immunologist and Nobel laureate. He received the Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research in 1995, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine jointly with Rolf M. Zinkerna ...

, Rolf M. Zinkernagel, Michael Smith *1987 René G. Favaloro, Robert C. Gallo,

Luc Montagnier Luc Montagnier (; , ; 18 August 1932 – 8 February 2022) was a French virologist and joint recipient, with and , of the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his discovery of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). He worked as a res ...

, Walter J. Gehring,

Edward B. Lewis Edward Butts Lewis (May 20, 1918 – July 21, 2004) was an American geneticist, a corecipient of the 1995 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He helped to found the field of evolutionary developmental biology. Early life Lewis was born in Wi ...

, Eric R. Kandel, Michael G. Rossmann *1988 Albert J. Aguayo, Michael J. Berridge, Yasutomi Nishizuka,

Thomas R. Cech Thomas Robert Cech (born December 8, 1947) is an American chemist who shared the 1989 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Sidney Altman, for their discovery of the catalytic properties of RNA. Cech discovered that RNA could itself cut strands of RNA, ...

, Michael A. Epstein,

Robert J. Lefkowitz Robert Joseph Lefkowitz (born April 15, 1943) is an American physician (internist and cardiologist) and biochemist. He is best known for his groundbreaking discoveries that reveal the inner workings of an important family G protein-coupled recep ...

*1989

Mark M. Davis Mark Morris Davis (born 27 November 1952) ForMemRS is director and Avery Family Professor of Immunology in the Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection at Stanford University. Education Davis was educated at Johns Hopkins University ...

, Tak W. Mak, , Louis M. Kunkel, Ronald G. Worton,

Erwin Neher Erwin Neher (; ; born 20 March 1944) is a German biophysicist, specializing in the field of cell physiology. For significant contribution in the field, in 1991 he was awarded, along with Bert Sakmann, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for ...

Bert Sakmann Bert Sakmann (; born 12 June 1942) is a German cell physiologist. He shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Erwin Neher in 1991 for their work on "the function of single ion channels in cells," and the invention of the patch cla ...

*1990 Francis S. Collins, John R. Riordan,

Lap-Chee Tsui Lap-Chee Tsui (; born 21 December 1950) is a Chinese-born Canadian geneticist and served as the 14th Vice-Chancellor and President of the University of Hong Kong. Personal life Tsui was born in Shanghai. He grew up in Kowloon, Hong Kong and at ...

, Victor Ling, Oliver Smithies, Edwin Southern, Edwin M. Southern, E. Donnall Thomas *1991

, John E. Sulston, Judah Folkman, M. Judah Folkman, Robert F. Furchgott, David H. MacLennan, Kary B. Mullis *1992 Leland H. Hartwell, Yoshio Masui, Paul M. Nurse, Richard Peto, Bert Vogelstein, Robert A. Weinberg *1993 Mario R. Capecchi, Oliver Smithies, Alvan Feinstein, Stanley B. Prusiner, Michel M. Ter-Pogossian *1994 Pamela J. Bjorkman, Don C. Wiley, Anthony R. Hunter, Tony Hunter, Anthony J. Pawson, Donald Metcalf *1995 Bruce Alberts, Arthur Kornberg, Roger Y. Tsien *1996 Robert S. Langer, Barry J. Marshall, James E. Rothman, Randy W. Schekman, Janet Rowley *1997 , Erkki Ruoslahti, Richard O. Hynes, Alfred G. Knudson Jr. *1998 Elizabeth Blackburn, Carol W. Greider, Giuseppe Attardi, , Gottfried Schatz *1999 Avram Hershko, Alexander J. Varshavsky, Robert Horvitz, Andrew Wyllie (pathologist), Andrew Wyllie *2000 Jack Hirsh, Roger D. Kornberg, Robert G. Roeder, Alain Townsend, Emil Unanue *2001 Clay Armstrong, Bertil Hille, Roderick MacKinnon, Marc Kirschner *2002 Philip Palmer Green, Phil Green, Eric Lander, Maynard V. Olson, John E. Sulston, J. Craig Venter, Michael S. Waterman, Bob Waterston, Robert Waterston, Jean Weissenbach, Francis S. Collins (Award of Merit), James D. Watson (Award of Merit) *2003 Richard Axel, Linda B. Buck, Wayne Hendrickson, Seiji Ogawa, Ralph M. Steinman *2004 Seymour Benzer, R. John Ellis, F. Ulrich Hartl, Arthur L. Horwich, George Sachs *2005 Jeffrey M. Friedman, Douglas L. Coleman, Craig C. Mello, Andrew Z. Fire, Brenda Milner, Endel Tulving *2006 Ralph L. Brinster, Ronald M. Evans, Alan Hall, Thomas D. Pollard, Joan A. Steitz *2007 C. David Allis, Kim A. Nasmyth, Dennis J. Slamon, Harry F. Noller, Thomas A. Steitz *2008 Victor Ambros, Gary Ruvkun, Harald zur Hausen, Nahum Sonenberg, Samuel Weiss *2009 Peter Walter, Kazutoshi Mori, Lucy Shapiro, Richard Losick, Shinya Yamanaka *2010 William A. Catterall, Pierre Chambon, William G. Kaelin Jr., Peter J Ratcliffe, Gregg L. Semenza *2011 Adrian Peter Bird, Howard Cedar, Aharon Razin, Jules A. Hoffmann, Shizuo Akira *2012 Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash, Michael W. Young, Thomas Jessell, Jeffrey V. Ravetch *2013 Harvey J. Alter, Daniel W. Bradley, Michael Houghton (virologist), Michael Houghton (award declined), Stephen Joseph Elledge, Gregory Winter *2014 James P. Allison, Titia de Lange, Marc Feldmann, Ravinder Nath Maini, Harold F. Dvorak, Napoleone Ferrara *2015 Lewis C. Cantley, Michael N. Hall, Lynne E. Maquat, Yoshinori Ohsumi, Shimon Sakaguchi *2016 Feng Zhang, Jennifer Doudna, Emmanuelle Charpentier, Philippe Horvath, Rodolphe Barrangou *2017 Akira Endo (biochemist), Akira Endo, David Julius, Antoine Hakim, Lewis E. Kay, Rino Rappuoli, Huda Zoghbi *2018 Azim Surani, Davor Solter, Edward Boyden, Karl Deisseroth, Peter Hegemann *2019 John F. X. Diffley, Ronald Vale, Timothy A. Springer, Bruce Stillman, Susan Band Horwitz *2020 Roel Nusse, Rolf Kemler, Mina J. Bissell, Masatoshi Takeichi, Elaine Fuchs *2021 Daniel J. Drucker, Joel Habener, Joel Francis Habener, , Mary-Claire King *2022 Pieter Cullis, John Edgar Dick, John Dick, Katalin Kariko, Drew Weissman, Stuart Orkin, Zulfiqar Bhutta

Notes and references

* {{Cite web , url=https://gairdner.org/winners/index-of-winners/ , title=Index of Winners , website=Gairdner Foundation , language=en-CA , access-date=2018-05-02 Biomedical awards Canadian science and technology awards Awards established in 1959

Past winners

See also

Notes and references