Events

January

January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the yea ...

- The

United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...

, the

Republic of Ireland Ireland ( ga, Éire ), also known as the Republic of Ireland (), is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 Counties of Ireland, counties of the island of Ireland. The capital and largest city is Dublin, on the eastern ...

and

Denmark ) , song = ( en, "King Christian stood by the lofty mast") , song_type = National and royal anthem , image_map = EU-Denmark.svg , map_caption = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = Kingdom of Denmark , establish ...

enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the

European Union The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. The union has a total area of and an estimated total population of about 447million. The EU has often been de ...

. * January 15 –

Vietnam War The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975. It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam a ...

: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. President

Richard Nixon Richard Milhous Nixon (January 9, 1913April 22, 1994) was the 37th president of the United States, serving from 1969 to 1974. A member of the Republican Party, he previously served as a representative and senator from California and was ...

announces the suspension of offensive action in

North Vietnam North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV; vi, Việt Nam Dân chủ Cộng hòa), was a socialist state supported by the Soviet Union (USSR) and the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Southeast Asia that existed f ...

. *

January 17 Events Pre-1600 *38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. * 1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people on ...

– Ferdinand Marcos becomes President for Life of the

Philippines The Philippines (; fil, Pilipinas, links=no), officially the Republic of the Philippines ( fil, Republika ng Pilipinas, links=no), * bik, Republika kan Filipinas * ceb, Republika sa Pilipinas * cbk, República de Filipinas * hil, Republ ...

. * January 20 –

is sworn in for a second term as President of the United States. Nixon is the only person to have been sworn in twice as President (

1969 This year is notable for Apollo 11's first landing on the moon. Events January * January 4 – The Government of Spain hands over Ifni to Morocco. * January 5 **Ariana Afghan Airlines Flight 701 crashes into a house on its approach to ...

1973 Events January * January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark 1973 enlargement of the European Communities, enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union. * January 15 – Vietnam War: ...

) and Vice President of the United States (

1953 Events January * January 6 – The Asian Socialist Conference opens in Rangoon, Burma. * January 12 – Estonian émigrés found a government-in-exile in Oslo. * January 14 ** Marshal Josip Broz Tito is chosen President of Yug ...

1957 1957 ( MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar, the 1957th year of the Common Era (CE) and ''Anno Domini'' (AD) designations, the 957th year of the 2nd millennium, the 57th year of the 20th century, and the 8th year ...

). * January 22 ** George Foreman defeats Joe Frazier to win the heavyweight world

boxing Boxing (also known as "Western boxing" or "pugilism") is a combat sport in which two people, usually wearing protective gloves and other protective equipment such as hand wraps and mouthguards, throw punches at each other for a predetermine ...

championship. ** A Royal Jordanian Boeing 707 flight from Jeddah crashes in

Kano Kano may refer to: Places *Kano State, a state in Northern Nigeria * Kano (city), a city in Nigeria, and the capital of Kano State **Kingdom of Kano, a Hausa kingdom between the 10th and 14th centuries **Sultanate of Kano, a Hausa kingdom between ...

Nigeria Nigeria ( ), , ig, Naìjíríyà, yo, Nàìjíríà, pcm, Naijá , ff, Naajeeriya, kcg, Naijeriya officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria, is a country in West Africa. It is situated between the Sahel to the north and the Gulf o ...

; 176 people are killed. * January 27 – U.S. involvement in the

ends with the signing of the Paris Peace Accords.

February

February 8 Events Pre-1600 * 421 – Constantius III becomes co-Emperor of the Western Roman Empire. *1238 – The Mongols burn the Russian city of Vladimir. * 1250 – Seventh Crusade: Crusaders engage Ayyubid forces in the Battle of Al ...

– A military insurrection in

Uruguay Uruguay (; ), officially the Oriental Republic of Uruguay ( es, República Oriental del Uruguay), is a country in South America. It shares borders with Argentina to its west and southwest and Brazil to its north and northeast; while bordering ...

poses an institutional challenge to President

Juan María Bordaberry Juan María Bordaberry Arocena (; 17 June 1928 – 17 July 2011) was a Uruguayan politician and cattle rancher, who served as constitutional President from 1972 until 1973, and then ruled as the head of a civilian-military dictatorship up t ...

. *

February 21 Events Pre-1600 *452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. * 1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. *1440 – The Pru ...

–

Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114 (LN 114) was a regularly scheduled flight from Tripoli to Cairo via Benghazi that was shot down in 1973 by Israeli fighter jets after flying off course into prohibited airspace. On 21 February 1973, the Boeing 7 ...

(

Boeing 727 The Boeing 727 is an American narrow-body airliner that was developed and produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. After the heavy 707 quad-jet was introduced in 1958, Boeing addressed the demand for shorter flight lengths from smaller airpo ...

) is shot down by

Israel Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...

i fighter aircraft over the

Sinai Desert Sinai commonly refers to: * Sinai Peninsula, Egypt * Mount Sinai, a mountain in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt * Biblical Mount Sinai, the site in the Bible where Moses received the Law of God Sinai may also refer to: * Sinai, South Dakota, a place ...

, after the passenger plane is suspected of being an enemy military plane. Only 5 (1 crew member and 4 passengers) of 113 survive. * February 28 – The

general election is held. Liam Cosgrave becomes the new

Taoiseach The Taoiseach is the head of government, or prime minister, of Ireland. The office is appointed by the president of Ireland upon the nomination of Dáil Éireann (the lower house of the Oireachtas, Ireland's national legislature) and the o ...

March

* March 7 –

Comet Kohoutek Comet Kohoutek ( formally designated C/1973 E1 and formerly as 1973 XII and 1973f) is a comet that passed close to the Sun towards the end of 1973. Early predictions of the comet's peak brightness suggested that it had the potential to become o ...

is discovered. *

March 10 Events Pre-1600 * 241 BC – First Punic War: Battle of the Aegates: The Romans sink the Carthaginian fleet bringing the First Punic War to an end. * 298 – Roman Emperor Maximian concludes his campaign in North Africa and makes a ...

– Sir

Richard Sharples Sir Richard Christopher Sharples, (6 August 1916 – 10 March 1973) was a British politician and Governor of Bermuda who was shot dead by assassins linked to a small militant Bermudian Black Power group called the Black Beret Cadre. The form ...

, Governor of

Bermuda ) , anthem = "God Save the King" , song_type = National song , song = "Hail to Bermuda" , image_map = , map_caption = , image_map2 = , mapsize2 = , map_caption2 = , subdivision_type = Sovereign state , subdivision_name = , es ...

, is assassinated in Government House. *

March 20 Events Pre-1600 * 673 – Emperor Tenmu of Japan assumes the Chrysanthemum Throne at the Palace of Kiyomihara in Asuka. * 1206 – Michael IV Autoreianos is appointed Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople. * 1600 – The Link ...

– A British government White Paper on

Northern Ireland Northern Ireland ( ga, Tuaisceart Éireann ; sco, label= Ulster-Scots, Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom, situated in the north-east of the island of Ireland, that is variously described as a country, province or region. Nort ...

proposes the re-establishment of an Assembly elected by proportional representation, with a possible All-Ireland council. *

March 21 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: King Vitiges attempts to assault the northern and eastern city walls, but is repulsed at the Praenestine Gate, known as the ''Vivarium'', by the defenders under the Byzantine generals Bessas an ...

– The

Lofthouse Colliery disaster The Lofthouse Colliery disaster was a mining accident in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, on Wednesday 21 March 1973, in which seven mine workers died when workings flooded. Disaster Lofthouse Colliery was in Lofthouse Gate, close to Out ...

occurs in Great Britain. Seven miners are trapped underground; none survive. *

March 27 Events Pre-1600 *1309 – Pope Clement V imposes excommunication and interdiction on Venice, and a general prohibition of all commercial intercourse with Venice, which had seized on Ferrara, a papal fiefdom. * 1329 – Pope John XXII ...

– At the 45th Academy Awards, ''

The Godfather ''The Godfather'' is a 1972 American crime film directed by Francis Ford Coppola, who co-wrote the screenplay with Mario Puzo, based on Puzo's best-selling 1969 novel of the same title. The film stars Marlon Brando, Al Pacino, James Caa ...

'' wins best picture.

April

April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. *1081 – Alexios I Ko ...

**India launches the wildlife conservation program

Project Tiger Project Tiger is a tiger conservation programme launched in April 1973 by the Government of India during Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's tenure. The project aims at ensuring a viable population of the Bengal tiger in its natural habitats, protect ...

. **Value Added Tax (VAT) is introduced in the United Kingdom. *

April 2 Events Pre-1600 * 1513 – Having spotted land on March 27, Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León comes ashore on what is now the U.S. state of Florida, landing somewhere between the modern city of St. Augustine and the mouth of the St. J ...

– The

LexisNexis LexisNexis is a part of the RELX corporation that sells data analytics products and various databases that are accessed through online portals, including portals for computer-assisted legal research (CALR), newspaper search, and consumer info ...

computerized legal research service begins. *

April 3 Events Pre-1600 * 686 – Maya king Yuknoom Yich'aak K'ahk' assumes the crown of Calakmul. *1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England. *1077 – The Patriarchate of Friûl, the first Friulian state, is created. * ...

– The first handheld

mobile phone A mobile phone, cellular phone, cell phone, cellphone, handphone, hand phone or pocket phone, sometimes shortened to simply mobile, cell, or just phone, is a portable telephone that can make and receive calls over a radio frequency link whi ...

call is made by Martin Cooper of

Motorola Motorola, Inc. () was an American multinational telecommunications company based in Schaumburg, Illinois, United States. After having lost $4.3 billion from 2007 to 2009, the company split into two independent public companies, Motorol ...

in New York City. * April 5 **

Fahri Korutürk Fahri Sabit Korutürk (3 August 1903 – 12 October 1987) was a Turkish admiral, diplomat and politician who was the 6th president of Turkey from 1973 to 1980. Before his presidency, he served as the 3rd commander of the Turkish Naval Forces fr ...

becomes the sixth president of

Turkey Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...

. ** ''

Pioneer 11 ''Pioneer 11'' (also known as ''Pioneer G'') is a robotic space probe launched by NASA on April 5, 1973, to study the asteroid belt, the environment around Jupiter and Saturn, solar winds, and cosmic rays. It was the first probe to encounter ...

'' is launched on a mission to study the

Solar System The Solar System Capitalization of the name varies. The International Astronomical Union, the authoritative body regarding astronomical nomenclature, specifies capitalizing the names of all individual astronomical objects but uses mixed "Solar ...

. *

April 6 Events Pre–1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar defeats Caecilius Metellus Scipio and Marcus Porcius Cato (Cato the Younger) at the Battle of Thapsus. * 402 – Stilicho defeats the Visigoths under Alaric in the Battle of Pollentia. *13 ...

–

Ron Blomberg Ronald Mark Blomberg (born August 23, 1948), nicknamed "Boomer", is an American former professional baseball player and minor league manager. He played in Major League Baseball as a designated hitter, first baseman, and right fielder. He played f ...

of the

New York Yankees The New York Yankees are an American professional baseball team based in the New York City borough of the Bronx. The Yankees compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the American League (AL) East division. They are one of ...

becomes the first

designated hitter The designated hitter (DH) is a baseball player who bats in place of another position player, most commonly the pitcher. The position is authorized by Major League Baseball Rule 5.11. It was adopted by the American League in 1973 and later by th ...

Major League Baseball Major League Baseball (MLB) is a professional baseball organization and the oldest major professional sports league in the world. MLB is composed of 30 total teams, divided equally between the National League (NL) and the American League (AL), ...

. *

April 7 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town. * 529 – First ''Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Empe ...

– ''

Tu te reconnaîtras "Tu te reconnaîtras" (; "You'll Recognize Yourself"), sung in French by French singer Anne-Marie David representing , was the winning song at the Eurovision Song Contest 1973 – the first time a country won the contest two years in successi ...

'' by Anne-Marie David (music by Claude Morgan, text by Vline Buggy) wins the

Eurovision Song Contest 1973 The Eurovision Song Contest 1973 was the 18th edition of the annual Eurovision Song Contest. It took place in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg, following the country's victory at the with the song "Après toi" by Vicky Leandros. Organised by the Euro ...

for

Luxembourg Luxembourg ( ; lb, Lëtzebuerg ; french: link=no, Luxembourg; german: link=no, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, ; french: link=no, Grand-Duché de Luxembourg ; german: link=no, Großherzogtum Luxemburg is a small lan ...

. *

April 10 Events Pre-1600 * 428 – Nestorius becomes the Patriarch of Constantinople. * 837 – Halley's Comet makes its closest approach to Earth at a distance equal to 0.0342 AU (5.1 million kilometres/3.2 million miles). * 140 ...

–

Operation Spring of Youth The 1973 Israeli raid on Lebanon (known as Operation Spring of Youth, Hebrew: מבצע אביב נעורים, ''Mivtsa Aviv Ne'urim'') took place on the night of April 9 and early morning of April 10, 1973, when Israeli army special forces un ...

i commandos raid

Beirut Beirut, french: Beyrouth is the capital and largest city of Lebanon. , Greater Beirut has a population of 2.5 million, which makes it the third-largest city in the Levant region. The city is situated on a peninsula at the midpoint o ...

, assassinating 3 leaders of the Palestinian Resistance Movement. The Lebanese army's inaction brings the immediate resignation of Prime Minister

Saeb Salam Saeb Salam (17 January 1905 – 21 January 2000) ( ar, صائب سلام) was a Lebanese politician, who served as Prime Minister six times between 1952 and 1973. Following his death, the Lebanese daily ''As-Safir'' described Salam as "most ...

, a Sunni Muslim. *

– The Islamic Republic of

Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 243 million people, and has the world's second-lar ...

introduced its new constitution, its supreme law. *

April 15 Events Pre-1600 * 769 – The Lateran Council ends by condemning the Council of Hieria and anathematizing its iconoclastic rulings. * 1071 – Bari, the last Byzantine possession in southern Italy, is surrendered to Robert Guiscar ...

–

Naim Talu Mehmet Naim Talu (22 July 1919 – 15 May 1998) was a Turkish economist, banker, politician and former Prime Minister of Turkey. Biography Naim Talu was born in Istanbul in 1919. He was educated at Kabataş Erkek Lisesi. After graduating ...

, a former civil servant, forms the new government of

(36th government). *

April 17 Events Pre-1600 *1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. *1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of Hasan ...

– The German counter-terrorist force GSG 9 is officially formed in response to the

Munich massacre The Munich massacre was a terrorist attack carried out during the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, West Germany, by eight members of the Palestinian militant organization Black September, who infiltrated the Olympic Village, killed two member ...

. *

April 28 Events Pre-1600 * 224 – The Battle of Hormozdgan is fought. Ardashir I defeats and kills Artabanus V effectively ending the Parthian Empire. * 357 – Emperor Constantius II enters Rome for the first time to celebrate his victory ...

– Six Irishmen, including

Joe Cahill , birth_date = , death_date = , birth_place = Belfast, Ireland , death_place = Belfast, Northern Ireland , image = Joe Cahill.png , caption = Cahill, early 1990s. , allegiance = Provisional Irish Republican ...

, are arrested by the Irish Naval Service off County Waterford, on board a coaster carrying 5 tons of weapons destined for the

Provisional Irish Republican Army The Irish Republican Army (IRA; ), also known as the Provisional Irish Republican Army, and informally as the Provos, was an Irish republican paramilitary organisation that sought to end British rule in Northern Ireland, facilitate Irish reu ...

May

250px, Sears Tower *

May 3 Events Pre-1600 * 752 – Mayan king Bird Jaguar IV of Yaxchilan in modern-day Chiapas, Mexico, assumes the throne. * 1481 – The largest of three earthquakes strikes the island of Rhodes and causes an estimated 30,000 casualties. ...

– The

Sears Tower The Willis Tower (originally the Sears Tower) is a 108- story, skyscraper in the Loop community area of Chicago in Illinois, United States. Designed by architect Bruce Graham and engineer Fazlur Rahman Khan of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM ...

in Chicago is topped-out, becoming the world's tallest building at . *

May 5 Events Pre-1600 * 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins. *1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta. *1260 – Kub ...

– Shambu Tamang becomes the youngest person to climb to the summit of

Mount Everest Mount Everest (; Tibetic languages, Tibetan: ''Chomolungma'' ; ) is List of highest mountains on Earth, Earth's highest mountain above sea level, located in the Mahalangur Himal sub-range of the Himalayas. The China–Nepal border ru ...

. * May 10 ** The

Montreal Canadiens The Montreal CanadiensEven in English, the French spelling is always used instead of ''Canadians''. The French spelling of ''Montréal'' is also sometimes used in the English media. (french: link=no, Les Canadiens de Montréal), officially ...

win the Stanley Cup 4 games to 2 over the

Chicago Blackhawks The Chicago Blackhawks (spelled Black Hawks until 1986, and known colloquially as the Hawks) are a professional ice hockey team based in Chicago. The Blackhawks compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Central Division i ...

, Yvan Cournoyer was voted MVP. ** The

Polisario Front The Polisario Front, Frente Polisario, Frelisario or simply Polisario, from the Spanish abbreviation of (Popular Front for the Liberation of Saguia el-Hamra and Río de Oro), (in ar, rtl=yes, الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير الس� ...

, a Sahrawi movement dedicated to the independence of

Spanish Sahara Spanish Sahara ( es, Sahara Español; ar, الصحراء الإسبانية, As-Sahrā'a Al-Isbānīyah), officially the Spanish Possessions in the Sahara from 1884 to 1958 then Province of the Sahara between 1958 and 1976, was the name used f ...

, is formed. * May 11 – The Data Act (Sw. ''Datalagen'') − the world's first national data protection law − is enacted in Sweden. *

May 14 Events Pre-1600 *1027 – Robert II of France names his son Henry I as junior King of the Franks. * 1097 – The Siege of Nicaea begins during the First Crusade. *1264 – Battle of Lewes: Henry III of England is captured and force ...

–

Skylab Skylab was the first United States space station, launched by NASA, occupied for about 24 weeks between May 1973 and February 1974. It was operated by three separate three-astronaut crews: Skylab 2, Skylab 3, and Skylab 4. Major operations ...

, the United States' first space station, is launched. *

May 18 Events Pre-1600 * 332 – Emperor Constantine the Great announces free distributions of food to the citizens in Constantinople. * 872 – Louis II of Italy is crowned for the second time as Holy Roman Emperor at Rome, at the age of ...

– Second Cod War:

Joseph Godber Joseph Bradshaw Godber, Baron Godber of Willington, (17 March 1914 – 25 August 1980) was a British Conservative Party politician and cabinet minister. Background Godber was educated at Bedford School, between 1922 and 1931, and became a n ...

, British

Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food The Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food was a United Kingdom cabinet position, responsible for the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food. The post was originally named President of the Board of Agriculture and was created in 1889. ...

, announces that

Royal Navy The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force. Although warships were used by English and Scottish kings from the early medieval period, the first major maritime engagements were fought in the Hundred Years' War against ...

frigates will protect British trawlers fishing in the disputed limit around

Iceland Iceland ( is, Ísland; ) is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean and in the Arctic Ocean. Iceland is the most sparsely populated country in Europe. Iceland's capital and largest city is Reykjavík, which (along with its s ...

. *

May 23 Events Pre-1600 * 1430 – Joan of Arc is captured at the Siege of Compiègne by troops from the Burgundian faction. *1498 – Girolamo Savonarola is burned at the stake in Florence, Italy. * 1533 – The marriage of King Henry VI ...

– The Royal Canadian Mounted Police celebrate their 100th anniversary. *

May 25 Events Pre-1600 * 567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. * 1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...

Skylab 2 Skylab 2 (also SL-2 and SLM-1) was the first crewed mission to Skylab, the first American orbital space station. The mission was launched on an Apollo command and service module by a Saturn IB rocket on May 25, 1973, and carried NASA astronau ...

(

Pete Conrad Charles "Pete" Conrad Jr. (June 2, 1930 – July 8, 1999) was an American NASA astronaut, aeronautical engineer, naval officer and aviator, and test pilot, and commanded the Apollo 12 space mission, on which he became the third person to ...

, Paul Weitz, Joseph Kerwin) is launched on a mission to repair damage to the recently launched

space station. **

Héctor José Cámpora Héctor José Cámpora (26 March 190918 December 1980) was an Argentine politician. A major figure of left-wing Peronism, Cámpora was briefly Argentine president from 25 May to 13 July 1973 and subsequently arranged for Perón to run for preside ...

becomes democratic president of the

Argentine Republic Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

ending the 1966 to 1973

Revolución Argentina Argentine Revolution ( es, Revolución Argentina, links=no) was the name given by its leaders to a military coup d'état which overthrew the government of Argentina in June 1966 and began a period of military dictatorship by a junta from the ...

military dictatorship. * May 27 –

Soviet copyright law The Copyright law of the Soviet Union went through several major revisions during its existence. The first Socialist copyright law was passed in 1925. Three years later, it was superseded by a second version that remained in force for more than thr ...

begins to recognize foreign copyrights. * May 30 –

Gordon Johncock Gordon Johncock (born August 5, 1936) is an American former racing driver. He won the Indianapolis 500 twice, and was the 1976 USAC Marlboro Championship Trail champion. Early career Johncock began racing at Berlin Raceway in Marne, Michigan. J ...

wins the

Indianapolis 500 The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indi ...

in the ''Patrick Racing Special''

Eagle Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, some of which are closely related. Most of the 68 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa. Outside this area, j ...

- Offenhauser, after only 133 laps, due to rain. (The race was begun

May 28 Events Pre-1600 *585 BC – A solar eclipse occurs, as predicted by the Greek philosopher and scientist Thales, while Alyattes is battling Cyaxares in the Battle of the Eclipse, leading to a truce. This is one of the cardinal dates from ...

but called due to rain.)

June

June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. * 1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed k ...

– The Greek military junta abolishes the

monarchy A monarchy is a government#Forms, form of government in which a person, the monarch, is head of state for life or until abdication. The legitimacy (political)#monarchy, political legitimacy and authority of the monarch may vary from restric ...

and proclaims a republic. *

June 3 Events Pre-1600 * 350 – The Roman usurper Nepotianus, of the Constantinian dynasty, proclaims himself Roman emperor, entering Rome at the head of a group of gladiators. * 713 – The Byzantine emperor Philippicus is blinded, depos ...

– A

Tupolev Tu-144 The Tupolev Tu-144 (russian: Tyполев Ту-144; NATO reporting name: Charger) is a Soviet supersonic passenger airliner designed by Tupolev in operation from 1968 to 1999. The Tu-144 was the world's first commercial supersonic transport ai ...

crashes at the Paris air show; 15 are killed. *

June 10 Events Pre-1600 * 671 – Emperor Tenji of Japan introduces a water clock ( clepsydra) called ''Rokoku''. The instrument, which measures time and indicates hours, is placed in the capital of Ōtsu. *1190 – Third Crusade: Frederick I ...

–

Henri Pescarolo Henri Jacques William Pescarolo (born 25 September 1942) is a former racing driver from France. He competed in the 24 Hours of Le Mans a record 33 times, winning on four occasions, and won a number of other major sports car events including the 2 ...

and co-driver

Gérard Larrousse Gérard Gilles Marie Armand Larrousse (born 23 May 1940) is a former sports car racing, rallying and Formula One driver from France. His greatest success as a driver was winning the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1973 and 1974, driving a Matra-Simca MS670. ...

(both France) win the

24 Hours of Le Mans The 24 Hours of Le Mans (french: link=no, 24 Heures du Mans) is an endurance-focused sports car race held annually near the town of Le Mans, France. It is the world's oldest active endurance racing event. Unlike fixed-distance races whose ...

in the ''Equipe Matra'' MS670B. *

June 18 Events Pre-1600 * 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China. * 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. * 860 – Byzantine–Rus' War: A fleet of about ...

– U.S. President

begins several talks with Soviet leader

Leonid Brezhnev Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev; uk, links= no, Леонід Ілліч Брежнєв, . (19 December 1906– 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union between 1964 and ...

. * June 20 – The Ezeiza massacre occurs in

Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata, on South ...

Argentina Argentina (), officially the Argentine Republic ( es, link=no, República Argentina), is a country in the southern half of South America. Argentina covers an area of , making it the second-largest country in South America after Brazil, th ...

. Snipers shoot at left-wing Peronists, killing at least 13 and injuring more than 300. *

June 24 Events Pre-1600 *1312 BC – Mursili II launches a campaign against the Kingdom of Azzi-Hayasa. * 109 – Roman emperor Trajan inaugurates the Aqua Traiana, an aqueduct that channels water from Lake Bracciano, northwest of Rome. ...

addresses the American people on television, the first Soviet leader to do so. **

UpStairs Lounge arson attack The UpStairs Lounge arson attack occurred on June 24, 1973 at a gay bar called the UpStairs (or Up Stairs) Lounge located on the second floor of the three-story building at 604 Iberville Street in New Orleans, Louisiana, in the United States. Th ...

, an as-yet unsolved attack on a gay bar in

New Orleans, Louisiana New Orleans ( , ,New Orleans

, in which 32 patrons are killed. *

June 25 Events Pre-1600 * 524 – The Franks are defeated by the Burgundians in the Battle of Vézeronce. * 841 – In the Battle of Fontenay-en-Puisaye, forces led by Charles the Bald and Louis the German defeat the armies of Lothair I of ...

–

Erskine Hamilton Childers Erskine Hamilton Childers (11 December 1905 – 17 November 1974) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who served as the fourth president of Ireland from June 1973 to November 1974. He is the only Irish president to have died in office. He also ...

is elected the 4th

President of Ireland The president of Ireland ( ga, Uachtarán na hÉireann) is the head of state of Ireland and the supreme commander of the Irish Defence Forces. The president holds office for seven years, and can be elected for a maximum of two terms.Constitu ...

. *

June 26 Events Pre-1600 * 4 – Augustus adopts Tiberius. * 221 – Roman emperor Elagabalus adopts his cousin Alexander Severus as his heir and receives the title of Caesar. * 363 – Roman emperor Julian is killed during the retreat fr ...

– At

Plesetsk Cosmodrome Plesetsk Cosmodrome ( rus, Космодром «Плесецк», r=Kosmodrom "Plesetsk", p=kəsmɐˈdrom plʲɪˈsʲet͡sk) is a Russian spaceport located in Mirny, Arkhangelsk Oblast, about 800 km north of Moscow and approximately 200 ...

, nine people are killed in the explosion of a Cosmos 3-M rocket. *

June 27 Events Pre-1600 * 1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded. *1497 – Cornish rebels Michael An Gof and Thomas Flamank are executed at Tyburn, London, England. * 1499 – Americo Vespucci, on Spanish financed trip, sights coa ...

–

Coup d'état A coup d'état (; French for 'stroke of state'), also known as a coup or overthrow, is a seizure and removal of a government and its powers. Typically, it is an illegal seizure of power by a political faction, politician, cult, rebel group, m ...

: pressed by the military, President

dissolves Parliament; a 12-year-long civic-military dictatorship begins. * June 28 – Elections are held for the Northern Ireland Assembly, which will lead to power-sharing between unionists and

nationalists Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a group of people), Smith, Anthony. ''Nationalism: The ...

for the first time. *

June 30 Events Pre-1600 * 296 – Pope Marcellinus begins his papacy. * 763 – The Byzantine army of emperor Constantine V defeats the Bulgarian forces in the Battle of Anchialus. *1422 – Battle of Arbedo between the duke of Milan ...

– A very long total solar eclipse occurs. During the entire second millennium, only seven total solar eclipses exceeded seven minutes of totality.

July

July 3 Events Pre-1600 * 324 – Battle of Adrianople: Constantine I defeats Licinius, who flees to Byzantium. * 987 – Hugh Capet is crowned King of France, the first of the Capetian dynasty that would rule France until the French Revolut ...

–

Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe The Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (CSCE) was a key element of the détente process during the Cold War. Although it did not have the force of a treaty, it recognized the boundaries of postwar Europe and established a mechanism f ...

(CSCE). *

July 5 Events Pre-1600 * 328 – The official opening of Constantine's Bridge built over the Danube between Sucidava (Corabia, Romania) and Oescus ( Gigen, Bulgaria) by the Roman architect Theophilus Patricius. * 1316 – The Burgundian a ...

** The

Isle of Man Post The Isle of Man Post Office ( gv, Oik Postagh Ellan Vannin), which formerly used the trading name Isle of Man Post, operates postal collection, ancillary mail services, philatelic goods and delivery services and post office counter services on ...

begins to issue its own

postage stamp A postage stamp is a small piece of paper issued by a post office, postal administration, or other authorized vendors to customers who pay postage (the cost involved in moving, insuring, or registering mail), who then affix the stamp to the f ...

s. ** The catastrophic

BLEVE A boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion (BLEVE, ) is an explosion caused by the rupture of a vessel containing a pressurized liquid that has reached temperature above its boiling point. Because the boiling point of a liquid rises wi ...

(Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion) occurs in Kingman, Arizona, following a fire that broke out as propane was being transferred from a railroad car to a storage tank, killing 11 firefighters. This explosion becomes a classic incident, studied in fire department training programs worldwide. *

July 10 Events Pre-1600 * 138 – Emperor Hadrian of Rome dies of heart failure at his residence on the bay of Naples, Baiae; he is buried at Rome in the Tomb of Hadrian beside his late wife, Vibia Sabina. * 645 – Isshi Incident: Prin ...

– The

Bahamas The Bahamas (), officially the Commonwealth of The Bahamas, is an island country within the Lucayan Archipelago of the West Indies in the North Atlantic. It takes up 97% of the Lucayan Archipelago's land area and is home to 88% of the ar ...

gains full independence within the

Commonwealth of Nations The Commonwealth of Nations, simply referred to as the Commonwealth, is a political association of 56 member states, the vast majority of which are former territories of the British Empire. The chief institutions of the organisation are the ...

. *

July 11 Events Pre-1600 * 472 – After being besieged in Rome by his own generals, Western Roman Emperor Anthemius is captured in St. Peter's Basilica and put to death. * 813 – Byzantine emperor Michael I, under threat by conspiracies, ...

–

Varig Flight 820 Varig Flight 820 was a flight of the Brazilian airline Varig that departed from Galeão International Airport in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, on July 11, 1973, for Orly Airport, in Paris, France. The plane, a Boeing 707, registration PP-VJZ, made an ...

crashes near

Orly Orly () is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, Île-de-France. It is located from the center of Paris. The name of Orly came from Latin ''Aureliacum'', "the villa of Aurelius". Orly Airport partially lies on the territory of the co ...

, France; 123 people are killed. *

July 16 Events Pre-1600 * 622 – The beginning of the Islamic calendar. * 997 – Battle of Spercheios: Bulgarian forces of Tsar Samuel are defeated by a Byzantine army under general Nikephoros Ouranos at the Spercheios River in Greece. * 1 ...

–

Watergate scandal The Watergate scandal was a major political scandal in the United States involving the administration of President Richard Nixon from 1972 to 1974 that led to Nixon's resignation. The scandal stemmed from the Nixon administration's contin ...

: Former

White House The White House is the official residence and workplace of the president of the United States. It is located at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue NW in Washington, D.C., and has been the residence of every U.S. president since John Adams in ...

aide

Alexander Butterfield Alexander Porter Butterfield (born April 6, 1926) is a retired United States Air Force officer, public servant, and businessman. He served as the deputy assistant to President Richard Nixon from 1969 to 1973. He revealed the White House tapin ...

informs the

United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...

Watergate Committee that President

had secretly recorded potentially incriminating conversations. *

July 17 Events Pre-1600 * 180 – Twelve inhabitants of Scillium (near Kasserine, modern-day Tunisia) in North Africa are executed for being Christians. This is the earliest record of Christianity in that part of the world. *1048 – Damasu ...

– King

Mohammed Zahir Shah Mohammed Zahir Shah (Pashto/Dari: , 15 October 1914 – 23 July 2007) was the last king of Afghanistan, reigning from 8 November 1933 until he was deposed on 17 July 1973. Serving for 40 years, Zahir was the longest-serving ruler of Afghanistan ...

of Afghanistan is deposed by his cousin

Mohammed Daoud Khan Mohammed Daoud Khan ( ps, ), also romanized as Daud Khan or Dawood Khan (18 July 1909 – 28 April 1978), was an Afghan politician and general who served as prime minister of Afghanistan from 1953 to 1963 and, as leader of the 1973 Afghan coup ...

while in Italy undergoing eye surgery. *

July 20 Events Pre-1600 * 70 – Siege of Jerusalem: Titus, son of emperor Vespasian, storms the Fortress of Antonia north of the Temple Mount. The Roman army is drawn into street fights with the Zealots. * 792 – Kardam of Bulgaria defea ...

– France resumes nuclear bomb tests in

Mururoa Atoll Moruroa (Mururoa, Mururura), also historically known as Aopuni, is an atoll which forms part of the Tuamotu Archipelago in French Polynesia in the southern Pacific Ocean. It is located about southeast of Tahiti. Administratively Moruroa Atoll i ...

, over the protests of Australia and New Zealand. *

July 21 Events Pre-1600 * 356 BC – The Temple of Artemis in Ephesus, one of the Seven Wonders of the World, is destroyed by arson. * 230 – Pope Pontian succeeds Urban I as the eighteenth pope. After being exiled to Sardinia, he became t ...

–

Lillehammer affair The Lillehammer affair (Hebrew: פרשת לילהאמר, ''Parshat Lillehammer'', Norwegian: ''Lillehammer-saken'') was the killing by Mossad agents of Ahmed Bouchikhi, a Moroccan waiter and brother of the renowned musician Chico Bouchikhi, in ...

: Agents of Mossad, the Israeli secret intelligence agency, shoot and kill a Moroccan waiter in Lillehammer, Norway, mistakenly believing him to be a senior member of the Palestinian

Black September Organization The Black September Organization (BSO) ( ar, منظمة أيلول الأسود, translit=Munaẓẓamat Aylūl al-Aswad) was a Palestinian militant organization founded in 1970. Besides other actions, the group was responsible for the assass ...

. *

July 23 Events Pre-1600 * 811 – Byzantine emperor Nikephoros I plunders the Bulgarian capital of Pliska and captures Khan Krum's treasury. *1319 – A Knights Hospitaller fleet scores a crushing victory over an Aydinid fleet off Chios. 1 ...

– The

Avianca Avianca S.A. ( acronym in Spanish for ''Aerovias del Continente Americano S.A.'', "Airways of the American Continent") is a Colombian airline. It has been the flag carrier of Colombia since December 5, 1919, when it was initially registered und ...

Building in Bogotá, Colombia, suffers a serious fire, in which four people are killed. *

July 25 Events Pre-1600 * 306 – Constantine I is proclaimed Roman emperor by his troops. * 315 – The Arch of Constantine is completed near the Colosseum in Rome to commemorate Constantine I's victory over Maxentius at the Milvian Bridge. ...

– The

Soviet The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, it was nominally a federal union of fifteen nation ...

Mars 5 Mars 5 (), also known as 3MS No.53S was a Soviet spacecraft launched to explore Mars. A 3MS spacecraft launched as part of the Mars programme, it successfully entered orbit around Mars in 1974. However, it failed a few weeks later. Spacecraft ...

'' space probe is launched. *

July 28 Events Pre-1600 *1364 – Troops of the Republic of Pisa and the Republic of Florence clash in the Battle of Cascina. *1540 – Henry VIII of England marries his fifth wife, Catherine Howard, on the same day his former Chancellor, Thom ...

–

Skylab 3 Skylab 3 (also SL-3 and SLM-2) was the second crewed mission to the first American space station, Skylab. The mission began on July 28, 1973, with the launch of NASA astronauts Alan Bean, Owen Garriott, and Jack Lousma in the Apollo command ...

(

Owen Garriott Owen Kay Garriott (November 22, 1930 – April 15, 2019) was an American electrical engineer and NASA astronaut, who spent 60 days aboard the Skylab space station in 1973 during the Skylab 3 mission, and 10 days aboard Spacelab-1 on a S ...

Jack Lousma Jack Robert Lousma (born February 29, 1936) is an American astronaut, aeronautical engineer, retired United States Marine Corps officer, former naval aviator, NASA astronaut, and politician. He was a member of the second crew, Skylab-3, on ...

Alan Bean Alan LaVern Bean (March 15, 1932 – May 26, 2018) was an American naval officer and aviator, aeronautical engineer, test pilot, NASA astronaut and painter; he was the fourth person to walk on the Moon. He was selected to become an astron ...

) is launched, to conduct various medical and scientific experiments aboard

. * July 31 – A

Delta Air Lines Delta Air Lines, Inc., typically referred to as Delta, is one of the major airlines of the United States and a legacy carrier. One of the world's oldest airlines in operation, Delta is headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia. The airline, along w ...

DC-9 The McDonnell Douglas DC-9 is an American five-abreast single-aisle aircraft designed by the Douglas Aircraft Company. It was initially produced by the developer company as the Douglas DC-9 until August 1967 and then by McDonnell Douglas. After ...

aircraft flying as

Delta Air Lines Flight 173 Delta Air Lines Flight 723 was a Douglas DC-9 twin-engine jetliner, operating as a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Burlington, Vermont to Logan International Airport in Boston, Massachusetts, with an intermediate stop in Manchester, N ...

lands short of Boston's

Logan Airport General Edward Lawrence Logan International Airport , also known as Boston Logan International Airport and commonly as Boston Logan, Logan Airport or simply Logan, is an international airport that is located mostly in East Boston and partiall ...

runway in poor visibility, striking a sea wall about 165 feet (50 m) to the right of the runway centerline and about 3,000 feet (914 m) short. All 6 crew members and 83 passengers are killed, 1 of the passengers dying several months after the accident.

August

150px, Flag of CARICOM *

August 1 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – Octavian (later known as Augustus) enters Alexandria, Egypt, bringing it under the control of the Roman Republic. *AD 69 – Batavian rebellion: The Batavians in Germania Inferior (Netherlands) revolt under ...

– Caribbean Community and Common Market (CARICOM) inaugurated. * August 2 – A flash fire kills 51 at the Summerland amusement centre at Douglas, Isle of Man. *

August 5 Events Pre-1600 *AD 25 – Guangwu claims the throne as Emperor of China, restoring the Han dynasty after the collapse of the short-lived Xin dynasty. * 70 – Fires resulting from the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem are ...

** Black September members open fire at the

Athens Athens ( ; el, Αθήνα, Athína ; grc, Ἀθῆναι, Athênai (pl.) ) is both the capital and largest city of Greece. With a population close to four million, it is also the seventh largest city in the European Union. Athens dominates ...

airport; 3 are killed, 55 injured. **

Mars 6 Mars 6 (), also known as 3MP No.50P was a Soviet spacecraft launched to explore Mars. A 3MP bus spacecraft launched as part of the Mars program, it consisted of a lander, and a coast stage with instruments to study Mars as it flew past. Spacec ...

, also known as 3MP No.50P, is a Soviet spacecraft launched to explore Mars. *

August 8 Events Pre-1600 * 685 BC – Spring and Autumn period: Battle of Qianshi: Upon the death of the previous Duke of Qi, Gongsun Wuzhi, Duke Zhuang of Lu sends an army into the Duchy of Qi to install the exiled Qi prince Gongzi Jiu as the ...

– South Korean politician

Kim Dae-jung Kim Dae-jung (; ; 6 January 192418 August 2009), was a South Korean politician and activist who served as the eighth president of South Korea from 1998 to 2003. He was a 2000 Nobel Peace Prize recipient for his work for democracy and human ...

is kidnapped in Tokyo by the

KCIA The National Intelligence Service (NIS; Korean language, Korean: 국가정보원, 국정원) is the chief intelligence agency of South Korea. The agency was officially established in 1961 as the Korean Central Intelligence Agency (KCIA; Korea ...

. *

August 15 Events Pre-1600 * 636 – Arab–Byzantine wars: The Battle of Yarmouk between the Byzantine Empire and the Rashidun Caliphate begins. * 717 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Maslama ibn Abd al-Malik begins the Second Arab Siege of Const ...

– The U.S. bombing of

Cambodia Cambodia (; also Kampuchea ; km, កម្ពុជា, UNGEGN: ), officially the Kingdom of Cambodia, is a country located in the southern portion of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia, spanning an area of , bordered by Thailan ...

ends, officially halting 12 years of combat activity in Southeast Asia according to the

Case–Church Amendment The Case–Church Amendment was legislation attached to a bill funding the U.S. State Department. it was approved by the U.S. Congress in June 1973 that prohibited further U.S. military activity in Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia unless the preside ...

-an act that prohibits military operations in Laos, Cambodia, and

North North is one of the four compass points or cardinal directions. It is the opposite of south and is perpendicular to east and west. ''North'' is a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. Etymology The word ''north ...

and South

Vietnam Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...

as a follow up of the Paris Peace Accords. *

August 23 Events Pre-1600 *30 BC – After the successful invasion of Egypt, Octavian executes Marcus Antonius Antyllus, the eldest son of Mark Antony, and Caesarion, the last king of the Ptolemaic dynasty of Egypt and only child of Julius Cae ...

– The

Norrmalmstorg robbery The Norrmalmstorg robbery was a bank robbery and hostage crisis best known as the origin of the term ''Stockholm syndrome''. It occurred at the Norrmalmstorg Square in Stockholm, Sweden, in August 1973 and was the first criminal event in Sweden ...

occurs, famous for the origin of the term Stockholm syndrome.

September

September 9 Events Pre-1600 * 337 – Constantine II, Constantius II, and Constans succeed their father Constantine I as co-emperors. The Roman Empire is divided between the three Augusti. *1000 – Battle of Svolder, Viking Age. * 1141 – ...

– Scottish racing driver

Jackie Stewart Sir John Young Stewart (born 11 June 1939), known as Jackie Stewart, is a British former Formula One racing driver from Scotland. Nicknamed the "Flying Scot", he competed in Formula One between 1965 and 1973, winning three World Drivers' Cha ...

becomes World Drivers' Champion when his Tyrrell

003 003, O03, 0O3, OO3 may refer to: *003, fictional British 00 Agent *003, former emergency telephone number for the Norwegian ambulance service (until 1986) *1990 OO3, the asteroid 6131 Towen * OO3 gauge model railway *''O03 (O2)'' and other related ...

- Cosworth places fourth in the 1973 Italian Grand Prix at Monza. *

September 11 Events Pre-1600 * 9 – The Battle of the Teutoburg Forest ends: The Roman Empire suffers the greatest defeat of its history and the Rhine is established as the border between the Empire and the so-called barbarians for the next four hu ...

–

Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the east a ...

's democratically elected government is overthrown in a violent military coup after serious political instability. President

Salvador Allende Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens (, , ; 26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean physician and socialist politician who served as the 28th president of Chile from 3 November 1970 until his death on 11 September 1973. He was the fir ...

allegedly commits suicide during the coup in the presidential palace, and General

Augusto Pinochet Augusto José Ramón Pinochet Ugarte (, , , ; 25 November 1915 – 10 December 2006) was a Chilean general who ruled Chile from 1973 to 1990, first as the leader of the Military Junta of Chile from 1973 to 1981, being declared President of ...

heads a US-backed

military junta A military junta () is a government led by a committee of military leaders. The term ''junta'' means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the national and local junta organized by the Spanish resistance to Napoleon's invasion of Spain in ...

that governs Chile for the next 17 years. *

September 15 Events Pre-1600 * 994 – Major Fatimid victory over the Byzantine Empire at the Battle of the Orontes. *1440 – Gilles de Rais, one of the earliest known serial killers, is taken into custody upon an accusation brought against him by ...

– Carl XVI Gustaf, becomes King of Sweden following the deaths of his grandfather, King Gustaf VI Adolf. *

September 18 Events Pre-1600 * 96 – Domitian, who has been conducting a reign of terror for the past three years, is assassinated as a result of a plot by his wife Domitia and two Praetorian prefects. * 96 – Nerva is proclaimed Roman emperor a ...

– The two German Republics, the

Federal Republic of Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated between ...

(West Germany) and the

German Democratic Republic German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **G ...

(East Germany), are admitted to the

United Nations The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and be a centre for harmoniz ...

. *

September 20 Events Pre-1600 *1058 – Agnes of Poitou and Andrew I of Hungary meet to negotiate about the border territory of Burgenland. *1066 – At the Battle of Fulford, Harald Hardrada defeats earls Morcar and Edwin. *1187 – Saladin b ...

– The " Battle of the Sexes": Billie Jean King defeats

Bobby Riggs Robert Larimore Riggs (February 25, 1918 – October 25, 1995) was an American tennis champion who was the World No. 1 amateur in 1939 and World No. 1 professional in 1946 and 1947. He played his first professional tennis match on December ...

in a televised tennis match, 6–4, 6–4, 6–3, at the

Astrodome The NRG Astrodome, also known as the Houston Astrodome or simply the Astrodome, is the world's first multi-purpose, domed sports stadium, located in Houston, Texas. It was financed and assisted in development by Roy Hofheinz, mayor of Houston ...

Houston Houston (; ) is the most populous city in Texas, the most populous city in the Southern United States, the fourth-most populous city in the United States, and the sixth-most populous city in North America, with a population of 2,304,580 i ...

Texas Texas (, ; Spanish: ''Texas'', ''Tejas'') is a state in the South Central region of the United States. At 268,596 square miles (695,662 km2), and with more than 29.1 million residents in 2020, it is the second-largest U.S. state by ...

. With an attendance of 30,492, this remains the largest live audience ever to see a tennis match in US history. The global audience that views on television in 36 countries is estimated at 90 million. *

September 27 Events Pre-1600 *1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme river, beginning the Norman conquest of England. * 1331 – The Battle of Płowce is fought, between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teuton ...

Soviet space program The Soviet space program (russian: Космическая программа СССР, Kosmicheskaya programma SSSR) was the national space program of the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), active from 1955 until the dissoluti ...

Soyuz 12 Soyuz 12 (russian: Союз 12, ''Union 12'') was a September, 1973, crewed test flight by the Soviet Union of the newly redesigned Soyuz 7K-T spacecraft that was intended to provide greater crew safety in the wake of the Soyuz 11 tragedy. Th ...

(

Vasily Lazarev Vasily Grigoryevich Lazarev (russian: Васи́лий Григо́рьевич Ла́зарев; 23 February 1928 31 December 1990) was a Soviet cosmonaut who flew on the Soyuz 12 spaceflight as well as the abortive Soyuz 18a launch on 5 April 1 ...

, Oleg Makarov), the first Soviet manned flight since the

Soyuz 11 Soyuz 11 (russian: link=no, Союз 11, lit=Union 11) was the only crewed mission to board the world's first space station, Salyut 1 ( Soyuz 10 had soft-docked, but had not been able to enter due to latching problems). The crew, Georgy Dob ...

tragedy in 1971, is launched. ** Luís Cabral declares the independence of the

Republic of Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau ( ; pt, Guiné-Bissau; ff, italic=no, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫 𞤄𞤭𞤧𞤢𞥄𞤱𞤮, Gine-Bisaawo, script=Adlm; Mandinka language, Mandinka: ''Gine-Bisawo''), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau ( pt, República da Guiné- ...

from the Estado Novo regime in

Portugal Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic ( pt, República Portuguesa, links=yes ), is a country whose mainland is located on the Iberian Peninsula of Southwestern Europe, and whose territory also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of ...

. It is later granted in September 1974.

October

October 6 Events Pre-1600 * 105 BC – Cimbrian War: Defeat at the Battle of Arausio accelerates the Marian reforms of the Roman army of the mid-Republic. * 69 BC – Third Mithridatic War: The military of the Roman Republic subdue Armenia. *A ...

Yom Kippur War The Yom Kippur War, also known as the Ramadan War, the October War, the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, or the Fourth Arab–Israeli War, was an armed conflict fought from October 6 to 25, 1973 between Israel and a coalition of Arab states led by E ...

begins: The fourth and largest

Arab–Israeli conflict The Arab–Israeli conflict is an ongoing intercommunal phenomenon involving political tension, military conflicts, and other disputes between Arab countries and Israel, which escalated during the 20th century, but had mostly faded out by the ...

begins, as

Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Medit ...

ian and Syrian forces attack Israeli forces in the

Sinai Peninsula The Sinai Peninsula, or simply Sinai (now usually ) (, , cop, Ⲥⲓⲛⲁ), is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia. It is between the Mediterranean Sea to the north and the Red Sea to the south, and is ...

and

Golan Heights The Golan Heights ( ar, هَضْبَةُ الْجَوْلَانِ, Haḍbatu l-Jawlān or ; he, רמת הגולן, ), or simply the Golan, is a region in the Levant spanning about . The region defined as the Golan Heights differs between di ...

Yom Kippur Yom Kippur (; he, יוֹם כִּפּוּר, , , ) is the holiest day in Judaism and Samaritanism. It occurs annually on the 10th of Tishrei, the first month of the Hebrew calendar. Primarily centered on atonement and repentance, the day' ...

. *

October 14 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – The Norman conquest of England begins with the Battle of Hastings. * 1322 – Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats King Edward II of England at the Battle of Old Byland, forcing Edward to accept Scotland's ...

– Thai popular uprising Students revolt in Bangkok – In the Thammasat student uprising over 100,000 people protest in Thailand against the Thanom military government, 77 are killed and 857 are injured by soldiers. * October 15 – Typhoon Ruth crosses

Luzon Luzon (; ) is the largest and most populous island in the Philippines. Located in the northern portion of the Philippines archipelago, it is the economic and political center of the nation, being home to the country's capital city, Manila, as ...

, killing 27 people and causing $5 million in damage. *

October 17 Events Pre-1600 * 690 – Empress Wu Zetian establishes the Zhou Dynasty of China. *1091 – London tornado of 1091: A tornado thought to be of strength T8/F4 strikes the heart of London. *1346 – The English capture King Davi ...

– An OPEC oil embargo against several countries supporting Israel triggers the 1973 energy crisis. *

October 20 Events Pre-1600 *1568 – The Spanish Duke of Alba defeats a Dutch rebel force under William the Silent. * 1572 – Eighty Years' War: Three thousand Spanish soldiers wade through fifteen miles of water in one night to effect the re ...

** The

Saturday Night Massacre The Saturday Night Massacre was a series of events that took place in the United States on the evening of Saturday, October 20, 1973, during the Watergate scandal. President of the United States, U.S. President Richard Nixon ordered United State ...

: U.S. President

orders Attorney General

Elliot Richardson Elliot Lee Richardson (July 20, 1920December 31, 1999) was an American lawyer and public servant who was a member of the cabinet of Presidents Richard Nixon and Gerald Ford. As U.S. Attorney General, he was a prominent figure in the Watergat ...

to dismiss Watergate Special Prosecutor

Archibald Cox Archibald Cox Jr. (May 17, 1912 – May 29, 2004) was an American lawyer and law professor who served as U.S. Solicitor General under President John F. Kennedy and as a special prosecutor during the Watergate scandal. During his career, he was ...

. Richardson refuses and resigns, along with Deputy Attorney General

William Ruckelshaus William Doyle Ruckelshaus (July 24, 1932 – November 27, 2019) was an American attorney and government official. Ruckelshaus served in the Indiana House of Representatives from 1966 to 1968, and was the United States Assistant Attorney Genera ...

. Solicitor General

Robert Bork Robert Heron Bork (March 1, 1927 – December 19, 2012) was an American jurist who served as the solicitor general of the United States from 1973 to 1977. A professor at Yale Law School by occupation, he later served as a judge on the U.S. Cour ...

, third in line at the

Department of Justice A justice ministry, ministry of justice, or department of justice is a ministry or other government agency in charge of the administration of justice. The ministry or department is often headed by a minister of justice (minister for justice in a ...

, then fires Cox. The event raises calls for Nixon's impeachment. ** The Sydney Opera House is opened by

Elizabeth II Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; 21 April 1926 – 8 September 2022) was Queen of the United Kingdom and other Commonwealth realms from 6 February 1952 until her death in 2022. She was queen regnant of 32 sovereign states during ...

after 14 years of construction work. Bosphorus Bridge

October 25 Events Pre-1600 * 285 (or 286) – Execution of Saints Crispin and Crispinian during the reign of Diocletian, now the patron saints of leather workers, curriers, and shoemakers. * 473 – Emperor Leo I acclaims his grandson Leo II a ...

– The

ends. *

October 26 Events Pre-1600 * 1185 – The Uprising of Asen and Peter begins on the feast day of St. Demetrius of Thessaloniki and ends with the creation of the Second Bulgarian Empire. * 1341 – The Byzantine civil war of 1341–1347 formally b ...

– The

recognizes the independence of

Guinea-Bissau Guinea-Bissau ( ; pt, Guiné-Bissau; ff, italic=no, 𞤘𞤭𞤲𞤫 𞤄𞤭𞤧𞤢𞥄𞤱𞤮, Gine-Bisaawo, script=Adlm; Mandinka: ''Gine-Bisawo''), officially the Republic of Guinea-Bissau ( pt, República da Guiné-Bissau, links=no ), ...

. *

October 30 Events Pre-1600 * 637 – Arab–Byzantine wars: Antioch surrenders to the Rashidun Caliphate after the Battle of the Iron Bridge. * 758 – Guangzhou is sacked by Arab and Persian pirates. *1137 – Ranulf of Apulia defeats Ro ...

– The

Bosphorus Bridge The Bosphorus Bridge ( tr, Boğaziçi Köprüsü), known officially as the 15 July Martyrs Bridge ( tr, 15 Temmuz Şehitler Köprüsü) and unofficially as the First Bridge ( tr, Birinci Köprü), is one of the three suspension bridges spanning ...

Istanbul ) , postal_code_type = Postal code , postal_code = 34000 to 34990 , area_code = +90 212 (European side) +90 216 (Asian side) , registration_plate = 34 , blank_name_sec2 = GeoTLD , blank_i ...

, Turkey, is completed, connecting the continents of Europe and Asia over the

Bosporus The Bosporus Strait (; grc, Βόσπορος ; tr, İstanbul Boğazı 'Istanbul strait', colloquially ''Boğaz'') or Bosphorus Strait is a natural strait and an internationally significant waterway located in Istanbul in northwestern Tu ...

for the first time in history. *

October 31 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Romulus Augustulus is proclaimed Western Roman Emperor. * 683 – During the Siege of Mecca, the Kaaba catches fire and is burned down. * 802 – Empress Irene is deposed and banished to Lesbos. Co ...

–

Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape The Mountjoy Prison helicopter escape occurred on 31 October 1973 when three Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) volunteers escaped from Mountjoy Prison in Dublin, Ireland, by boarding a hijacked helicopter that briefly landed in the prison ...

: Three

members escape from

Mountjoy Prison Mountjoy Prison ( ga, Príosún Mhuinseo), founded as Mountjoy Gaol and nicknamed ''The Joy'', is a medium security men's prison located in Phibsborough in the centre of Dublin, Ireland. The current prison Governor is Edward Mullins. History ...

Dublin Dublin (; , or ) is the capital and largest city of Ireland. On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the province of Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range. At the 2016 c ...

, Republic of Ireland after a hijacked helicopter lands in the exercise yard.

November

November 1 Events Pre-1600 *365 – The Alemanni cross the Rhine and invade Gaul. Emperor Valentinian I moves to Paris to command the army and defend the Gallic cities. * 996 – Emperor Otto III issues a deed to Gottschalk, Bishop of Freisin ...

–

: Acting Attorney General

appoints

Leon Jaworski Leonidas "Leon" Jaworski (September 19, 1905 – December 9, 1982) was an American attorney and law professor who served as the second special prosecutor during the Watergate Scandal. He was appointed to that position on November 1, 1973, soon a ...

as the new Watergate Special Prosecutor. *

November 3 Events Pre-1600 * 361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia; on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor. *1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in Fl ...

Pan Am Pan American World Airways, originally founded as Pan American Airways and commonly known as Pan Am, was an American airline that was the principal and largest international air carrier and unofficial overseas flag carrier of the United States ...

cargo flight 160, a

Boeing 707-321C The Boeing 707 is an American, long-range, narrow-body airliner, the first jetliner developed and produced by Boeing Commercial Airplanes. Developed from the Boeing 367-80 prototype first flown in 1954, the initial first flew on December 20 ...

, crashes at

Logan International Airport General Edward Lawrence Logan International Airport , also known as Boston Logan International Airport and commonly as Boston Logan, Logan Airport or simply Logan, is an international airport that is located mostly in East Boston and partial ...

Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...

, killing 3 people. **

Mariner program The Mariner program was conducted by the American space agency NASA to explore other planets. Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the in ...

NASA The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA ) is an independent agencies of the United States government, independent agency of the US federal government responsible for the civil List of government space agencies, space program ...

launches '' Mariner 10'' toward Mercury (on March 29, 1974, it becomes the first

space probe A space probe is an artificial satellite that travels through space to collect scientific data. A space probe may orbit Earth; approach the Moon; travel through interplanetary space; flyby, orbit, or land or fly on other planetary bodies; or ...

to reach that planet). *

November 7 Events Pre-1600 * 335 – Athanasius is banished to Trier, on the charge that he prevented a grain fleet from sailing to Constantinople. * 680 – The Sixth Ecumenical Council commences in Constantinople. * 921 – Treaty of Bon ...

– The

Congress of the United States The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Wash ...

overrides President

's veto of the

War Powers Resolution The War Powers Resolution (also known as the War Powers Resolution of 1973 or the War Powers Act) () is a federal law intended to check the U.S. president's power to commit the United States to a ...

, which limits presidential power to wage war without congressional approval. *

November 8 Events Pre-1600 * 960 – Battle of Andrassos: Byzantines under Leo Phokas the Younger score a crushing victory over the Hamdanid Emir of Aleppo, Sayf al-Dawla. *1278 – Trần Thánh Tông, the second emperor of the Trần dynasty, ...

–

Millennium '73 Millennium '73 was a three-day festival held on November 8–10, 1973 at the Astrodome in Houston, Texas, United States, by the Divine Light Mission (DLM). It featured Prem Rawat, then known as Guru Maharaj Ji, a 15-year-old guru and the leader of ...

, a festival hosted by Guru Maharaj Ji at the

, is called by supporters the "most significant event in human history". *

November 11 Events Pre-1600 * 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor ''emeritus'' Diocletian confers with Galerius, ''Augustus'' of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former ''Augustus'' of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the ...

–

and

sign a United States-sponsored cease-fire accord. *

November 16 Events Pre-1600 * 951 – Emperor Li Jing sends a Southern Tang expeditionary force of 10,000 men under Bian Hao to conquer Chu. Li Jing removes the ruling family to his own capital in Nanjing, ending the Chu Kingdom. *1272 – Whi ...

program:

launches

Skylab 4 Skylab 4 (also SL-4 and SLM-3) was the third crewed Skylab mission and placed the third and final crew aboard the first American space station. The mission began on November 16, 1973, with the launch of Gerald P. Carr, Edward Gibson, and Wil ...

( Gerald Carr,

William Pogue William Reid Pogue (January 23, 1930 – March 3, 2014) was an American astronaut and pilot who served in the United States Air Force (USAF) as a fighter pilot and test pilot, and reached the rank of colonel. He was also a teacher, public spea ...

Edward Gibson Edward George Gibson (born November 8, 1936) is a former NASA astronaut, pilot, engineer, and physicist. Before becoming an astronaut, Gibson graduated from the University of Rochester and the California Institute of Technology. He became a re ...

) from

Cape Canaveral, Florida Cape Canaveral ( es, Cabo Cañaveral, link=) is a city in Brevard County, Florida. The population was 9,912 at the 2010 United States Census. It is part of the Palm Bay–Melbourne– Titusville Metropolitan Statistical Area. History After t ...

, on an 84-day mission. ** U.S. President

signs the

Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act The Trans-Alaska Pipeline Authorization Act of 1973 is a United States federal law signed by US President Richard Nixon on November 16, 1973, that authorized the building of an oil pipeline connecting the North Slope of Alaska to Port Valdez. Spe ...

into law, authorizing the construction of the

Alaska Pipeline The Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS) is an oil transportation system spanning Alaska, including the trans-Alaska crude-oil pipeline, 11 pump stations, several hundred miles of feeder pipelines, and the Valdez Marine Terminal. TAPS is one of ...

. *

November 17 Events Pre-1600 * 887 – Emperor Charles the Fat is deposed by the Frankish magnates in an assembly at Frankfurt, leading his nephew, Arnulf of Carinthia, to declare himself king of the East Frankish Kingdom in late November. * 1183 & ...

– The Athens Polytechnic uprising occurs against the military regime in

, Greece. *

November 21 Events Pre-1600 * 164 BCE – Judas Maccabeus, son of Mattathias of the Hasmonean family, rededicates the Temple in Jerusalem, an event is commemorated each year by the festival of Hanukkah. (25 Kislev 3597 in the Hebrew calendar.) * 235 ...

– U.S. President

's attorney, J. Fred Buzhardt, reveals the existence of an -minute gap in one of the

tape recordings related to Watergate. *

November 25 Events Pre-1600 *571 BC – Servius Tullius, king of Rome, celebrates the first of his three triumphs for his victory over the Etruscans. *1034 – Máel Coluim mac Cináeda, King of Scots, dies. His grandson, Donnchad, son of Bethó ...

– Greek dictator

Georgios Papadopoulos Geórgios Papadopoulos (; el, Γεώργιος Παπαδόπουλος ; 5 May 1919 – 27 June 1999) was a Greeks, Greek military officer and political leader who ruled Greece as a military dictator from 1967 to 1973. He joined the Hellenic ...

is ousted in a military coup led by Brigadier General

Dimitrios Ioannidis Dimitrios Ioannidis ( el, Δημήτριος Ιωαννίδης ; 13 March 1923 – 16 August 2010), also known as Dimitris Ioannidis and as The Invisible Dictator, was a Greek military officer and one of the leading figures in the junta that ru ...

. *

November 27 Events Pre-1600 *AD 25 – Luoyang is declared capital of the Eastern Han dynasty by Emperor Guangwu of Han. * 176 – Emperor Marcus Aurelius grants his son Commodus the rank of " Imperator" and makes him Supreme Commander of the ...

– The

votes 92–3 to confirm Gerald Ford as

Vice President of the United States The vice president of the United States (VPOTUS) is the second-highest officer in the executive branch of the U.S. federal government, after the president of the United States, and ranks first in the presidential line of succession. The vice ...

. *

November 29 Events Pre-1600 * 561 – Following the death of King Chlothar I at Compiègne, his four sons, Charibert I, Guntram, Sigebert I and Chilperic I, divide the Frankish Kingdom. * 618 – The Tang dynasty scores a decisive victory over t ...

– 104 people are killed in a Taiyo department store fire in

Kumamoto is the capital city of Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. , the city has an estimated population of 738,907 and a population density of 1,893 people per km2. The total area is 390.32 km2. had a population of 1,461,000, ...

, Kyūshū, Japan. * November – Queen Sisowath Kossamak of Cambodia is released from house arrest to

Beijing } Beijing ( ; ; ), alternatively romanized as Peking ( ), is the capital of the People's Republic of China. It is the center of power and development of the country. Beijing is the world's most populous national capital city, with over 21 ...

December

* December –

breaks diplomatic contacts with Sweden. *

December 1 Events Pre-1600 * 800 – A council is convened in the Vatican, at which Charlemagne is to judge the accusations against Pope Leo III. *1420 – Henry V of England enters Paris alongside his father-in-law King Charles VI of France. * ...

–

Papua New Guinea Papua New Guinea (abbreviated PNG; , ; tpi, Papua Niugini; ho, Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea ( tpi, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niugini; ho, Independen Stet bilong Papua Niu Gini), is a country i ...

gains self-government from Australia. *

December 3 Events Pre-1600 * 915 – Pope John X crowns Berengar I of Italy as Holy Roman Emperor (probable date). 1601–1900 * 1775 – American Revolutionary War: becomes the first vessel to fly the Grand Union Flag (the precursor to the ...

– Pioneer program: ''

Pioneer 10 ''Pioneer 10'' (originally designated Pioneer F) is an American space probe, launched in 1972 and weighing , that completed the first mission to the planet Jupiter. Thereafter, ''Pioneer 10'' became the first of five artificial objects to ach ...

'' sends back the first close-up images of

Jupiter Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. It is a gas giant with a mass more than two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined, but slightly less than one-thousandth t ...

. *

December 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1060 – Béla I is crowned king of Hungary. *1240 – Mongol invasion of Rus': Kyiv, defended by Voivode Dmytro, falls to the Mongols under Batu Khan. *1492 – After exploring the island of Cuba for gold (wh ...

– The

United States House of Representatives The United States House of Representatives, often referred to as the House of Representatives, the U.S. House, or simply the House, is the lower chamber of the United States Congress, with the Senate being the upper chamber. Together they ...

votes 387–35 to confirm Gerald Ford as Vice President of the United States; he is sworn in the same day. *

December 14 Events Pre-1600 * 557 – Constantinople is severely damaged by an earthquake, which cracks the dome of Hagia Sophia. * 835 – Sweet Dew Incident: Emperor Wenzong of the Tang dynasty conspires to kill the powerful eunuchs of the T ...

– Rhodesia executes two Blacks at Salisbury Central Prison for murder *

December 18 Events Pre-1600 *1271 – Kublai Khan renames his empire "Yuan" (元 yuán), officially marking the start of the Yuan dynasty of Mongolia and China. *1499 – A rebellion breaks out in Alpujarras in response to the forced conversions ...

: Soyuz 13 (

Pyotr Klimuk Pyotr Ilyich Klimuk ( be, Пётр Ільіч Кліму́к; russian: Пётр Ильич Климу́к; born 10 July 1942) is a former Soviet cosmonaut and the first Belarusian to perform space travel. Klimuk made three flights into space. ...

Valentin Lebedev Valentin Vitalyevich Lebedev (russian: Валентин Витальевич Лебедев; born April 14, 1942 in Moscow) is a Soviet cosmonaut who made two flights into space. His stay aboard the Space Station Salyut 7 with Anatoly Berez ...

) is launched. ** The

Islamic Development Bank The Islamic Development Bank ( ar, البنك الإسلامي للتنمية, abbreviated as IsDB) is a multilateral development finance institution that is focused on Islamic finance for infrastructure development and located in Jeddah, Saudi ...

is created as a specialized agency of the

Organisation of the Islamic Conference An organization or organisation (Commonwealth English; see spelling differences), is an entity—such as a company, an institution, or an association—comprising one or more people and having a particular purpose. The word is derived from ...

(OIC) (effective August 12, 1974). *

December 20 Events Pre-1600 *AD 69 – Antonius Primus enters Rome to claim the title of Emperor for Nero's former general Vespasian. * 1192 – Richard I of England is captured and imprisoned by Leopold V of Austria on his way home to England a ...

– Spanish prime minister

Luis Carrero Blanco Admiral-General Luis Carrero Blanco (4 March 1904 – 20 December 1973) was a Spanish Navy officer and politician. A long-time confidant and right-hand man of dictator Francisco Franco, Carrero served as the Prime Minister of Spain and i ...

is assassinated in

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a Madrid metropolitan area, metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the Largest cities of the Europ ...

by the separatist organization

ETA Eta (uppercase , lowercase ; grc, ἦτα ''ē̂ta'' or ell, ήτα ''ita'' ) is the seventh letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the close front unrounded vowel . Originally denoting the voiceless glottal fricative in most dialects, ...

. *

December 28 Events Pre-1600 * 418 – A papal conclave begins, resulting in the election of Pope Boniface I. * 457 – Majorian is acclaimed as Western Roman emperor. * 484 – Alaric II succeeds his father Euric and becomes king of the ...

– The Endangered Species Act is passed in the United States. * December 30 – Terrorist Carlos fails in his attempt to assassinate British businessman Joseph Sieff.

Date unknown

ODECA The Central American Integration System ( es, Sistema de la Integración Centroamericana, or SICA) has been the economic and political organization of Central American states since 1 February 1993. On 13 December 1991, the ODECA countries (Spa ...

functions are suspended. * The COSC The Swiss Official

Chronometer A clock or a timepiece is a device used to measure and indicate time. The clock is one of the oldest human inventions, meeting the need to measure intervals of time shorter than the natural units such as the day, the lunar month and th ...

testing Institute is founded in Switzerland by 5

Watch A watch is a portable timepiece intended to be carried or worn by a person. It is designed to keep a consistent movement despite the motions caused by the person's activities. A wristwatch is designed to be worn around the wrist, attached b ...

Cantons A canton is a type of administrative division of a country. In general, cantons are relatively small in terms of area and population when compared with other administrative divisions such as counties, departments, or provinces. Internationally, t ...

& Federation of the Swiss Watch Industry. * A large

Song dynasty The Song dynasty (; ; 960–1279) was an imperial dynasty of China that began in 960 and lasted until 1279. The dynasty was founded by Emperor Taizu of Song following his usurpation of the throne of the Later Zhou. The Song conquered the rest ...

trade ship of c.

1277 Year 1277 ( MCCLXXVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Byzantine Empire * March 19 – Byzantine–Venetian Treaty: Emperor Michael VIII (Palaiolo ...

A.D. is dredged up from the waters near the southern coast of China with 12 compartments in its hull. It confirms the descriptions of bulkheaded hull compartments for junks in Zhu Yu's ''Pingzhou Table Talks'' of

1119 Year 1119 ( MCXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place Levant * June 28 – Battle of Ager Sanguinis: The Crusader army of the Principality of Anti ...

Births

January

Sean-Paul 2012-06-16 photo-by-Adam-Bielawski

January 5 Events Pre-1600 *1477 – Battle of Nancy: Charles the Bold is defeated and killed in a conflict with René II, Duke of Lorraine; Burgundy subsequently becomes part of France. 1601–1900 * 1675 – Battle of Colmar: The French a ...

–

Uday Chopra Uday Raj Chopra (born 5 January 1973) is an Indian actor, film producer, screenwriter and assistant director in Bollywood. He is the son of the late filmmaker Yash Chopra and brother of Aditya Chopra. His sister-in-law is the actress Rani Muk ...

, Indian actor * January 9 – Sean Paul, Jamaican singer *

January 11 Events Pre-1600 * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence. * 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muha ...

– Rahul Dravid, Indian cricket player and coach. *

January 12 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. * 1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already rei ...

–

Hande Yener Makbule Hande Özyener (born 12 January 1973), better known by her stage name Hande Yener, is a Turkish singer. She made her debut in the early 2000s, and since then has become a prominent figure of Turkish pop music with numerous songs that topp ...

, Turkish singer * January 13 **

Nikolai Khabibulin Nikolai Alexandrovich Khabibulin (; rus, Николай Александрович Хабибулин, p=xəbʲɪˈbulʲɪn, born January 13, 1973) is a Russian former professional ice hockey goaltender. Known by the nickname "The Bulin Wall", h ...

, Russian ice hockey player **

Gloria Yip Gloria Yip Wan-Yee (, born January 13, 1973, in Hong Kong, the elder of two sisters and daughter of prominent businessman Yip Shao) is a Hong Kong actress and singer, best known for her four films with director Lam Ngai Kai, and to Western audie ...

, Hong Kong actress * January 14 – Giancarlo Fisichella, Italian racing driver * January 15 **

Essam El Hadary Essam Kamal Tawfiq El Hadary ( ar, عصام كمال توفيق الحضري; born 15 January 1973) is an Egyptian goalkeeping coach and former professional footballer. Nicknamed the "High Dam", El Hadary spent the largest portion of his club ca ...

, Egyptian goalkeeper **

Tomáš Galásek Tomáš Galásek (; born 15 January 1973) is a Czech former football player and current manager. He was a holding midfielder who was also strong as a centre-back. Club career Galásek started his career with Banik Ostrava in 1991, before mo ...

, Czech football player ** Maksim Martynov, Russian engineer *

–

Cuauhtémoc Blanco Cuauhtémoc Blanco Bravo (; born 17 January 1973) is a Mexican politician and former professional footballer who is the current Governor of Morelos under the coalition '' Juntos Haremos Historia''. He formerly served as the municipal president ...

, Mexican footballer and politician,

Governor of Morelos The governor of Morelos, which was created with the state of Mexico in 1869. (Morelos was a Federal Territory from June 17, 1914, to February 5, 1917.) See also * List of Mexican state governors * List of people from Morelos, Mexico * List of ...

2018-2024 *

January 19 Events Pre-1600 * 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. * 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrend ...

Ann Kristin Aarønes Ann Kristin Aarønes (born 19 January 1973) is a Norwegian former footballer. She first played for Spjelkavik IL, then for Trondheims-Ørn and the Norwegian national team. Later she played for the WUSA's New York Power, during the club's first ...

, Norwegian footballer **

Wang Junxia Wang Junxia (; born January 19, 1973) is a Chinese former long-distance runner who is the current world record holder at 3,000 meters. She also held the world record for the 10,000 meters for 23 years, between 1993 and 2016. Her best years lay ...

, Chinese long-distance runner **

Yevgeny Sadovyi Yevgeny Viktorovich Sadovyi (russian: Евгений Викторович Садовый; born 19 January 1973) is a retired Russian freestyle swimmer who won three gold medals at the 1992 Summer Olympics at Barcelona and was subsequently chosen ...

, Russian swimmer * January 20 –

Queen Mathilde of Belgium Mathilde (born ''Jonkvrouw'' Mathilde Marie Christine Ghislaine d'Udekem d'Acoz ; 20 January 1973) is Queen of the Belgians as the wife of King Philippe. She is the first native-born Belgian queen. She has founded and assisted charities to ...

January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. *1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. * 1564 – The Council of Tren ...

–

Brendan Rodgers Brendan Rodgers (born 26 January 1973) is a Northern Irish professional football manager and former player who is the manager of Premier League club Leicester City. Rodgers began his career as a defender at Ballymena United, where he stayed ...

, Northern Irish football manager * January 27 –

Shadmehr Aghili Shadmehr aghili ( fa, شادمهر عقیلی; born 27 January 1973) is an Iranian pop singer, musician, composer, music arranger, producer and song-writer, and formerly an actor. He revitalized music culture post-revolution in Iran, Aghili was b ...

, Iranian pop singer, musician and composer *

January 29 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher. * 946 – Caliph Al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Emir Mu'izz al-Dawla, rul ...

–

Louise Hindsgavl Louise Hindsgavl (born January 29, 1973) is a Danish artist who works in ceramic sculpture, porcelain, and stoneware. Early life and education Hindsgavl graduated from the Ceramics and Glass Department of Design School Kolding in 1999. Career Hi ...

, Danish artist * January 30 –

Jalen Rose Jalen Anthony Rose (born January 30, 1973) is an American sports analyst and former professional basketball player. In college, he was a member of the University of Michigan Wolverines' " Fab Five" (along with Chris Webber, Juwan Howard, Jimmy K ...

, American basketball player *

January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. *1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the ...

–

Portia de Rossi Portia Lee James DeGeneres (born Amanda Lee Rogers; 31 January 1973), known professionally as Portia de Rossi, is an Australian-American former actress. She played Nelle Porter on the American drama series '' Ally McBeal'' (1998–2002), for w ...

, Australian actress

February

* February 1 ** Yuri Landman, Dutch artist and musician ** Óscar Pérez Rojas, Mexican football goalkeeper * February 2 – Aleksander Tammert, Estonian discus thrower * February 4 – Oscar De La Hoya, American boxer * February 5 ** Trijntje Oosterhuis, Dutch pop singer ** Deng Yaping, Chinese table tennis player * February 7 – Juwan Howard, American basketball player * February 9 – Svetlana Boginskaya, Soviet gymnast * February 10 – Gunn-Rita Dahle, Norwegian mountain biker * February 11 ** Jeon Do-yeon, South Korean actress ** Mishal Husain, British news presenter ** Varg Vikernes, Norwegian rock musician * February 12 – Tara Strong, Canadian actress and voice actress * February 15 ** Anna Dogonadze, German trampoline gymnast ** Amy Van Dyken, American swimmer * February 16 – Cathy Freeman, Australian athlete * February 18 – Claude Makélélé, French footballer * February 22 – Shota Arveladze, Georgian football player * February 24 ** Alexei Kovalev, Russian ice hockey player ** Yordan Yovchev, Bulgarian gymnast * February 25 – Julio Iglesias Jr., Spanish singer * February 26 ** ATB, German DJ and music producer ** Ole Gunnar Solskjær, Norwegian footballer ** Jenny Thompson, American swimmer * February 27 – Peter Andre, English singer and television personality * February 28 – Eric Lindros, Canadian hockey player

March

Larry Page in the European Parliament, 17

* March 1 ** Jack Davenport, English actor ** Ahmed El Sakka, Egyptian action actor ** Chris Webber, American basketball player * March 3 – Dejan Bodiroga, Serbian basketball player * March 9 – Matteo Salvini, Italian politician *

** Eva Herzigová, Czech model and actress ** Dan Swanö, Swedish musician * March 13 ** Edgar Davids, Dutch footballer ** David Draiman songwriter and lead singer for the band Disturbed (band), Disturbed ** Ólafur Darri Ólafsson, Icelandic actor * March 15 – Lee Jung-jae, South Korean actor and model * March 17 – Caroline Corr, Irish musician (The Corrs) * March 19 ** Magnus Hedman, Swedish footballer ** Simmone Jade Mackinnon, Australian actor *

– Talal Khalifa Aljeri, Kuwaiti businessman * March 23 ** Jerzy Dudek, Polish footballer ** Jason Kidd, American basketball player * March 24 ** Jacek Bąk, Polish footballer ** Jim Parsons, American actor and comedian * March 25 – Anders Fridén, Swedish musician * March 26 – Larry Page, American entrepreneur, founder and CEO of Google (2011-2015) * March 28 – Umaga (wrestler), Umaga, Samoan-American professional wrestler (d. 2009) * March 29 – Marc Overmars, Dutch footballer

April

** Stephen Fleming, New Zealand cricket captain ** Rachel Maddow, American political commentator *

– Roselyn Sánchez, Puerto Rican-American actress *

** Jamie Bamber, English actor ** Matthew Ferguson, Canadian actor * April 4 ** David Blaine, American magician ** Loris Capirossi, Italian motorcycle racer * April 5 ** Élodie Bouchez, French actress ** Cho Sung-min, South Korean baseball pitcher (d. 2013) ** Pharrell Williams, American musician and producer (The Neptunes) *

– Rie Miyazawa, Japanese actress and singer * April 8 – Emma Caulfield, American actress *

– Roberto Carlos, Brazilian footballer * April 11 – Jennifer Esposito, American actress * April 12 ** Christina Moore, American actress ** Amr Waked, Egyptian film, television and stage actor * April 13 – Sergey Shnurov, Russian singer * April 14 – Adrien Brody, American actor * April 16 ** Akon, Senegalese Americans, Senegalese American rapper, R&B singer-songwriter and record producer ** Teddy Cobeña, Spanish-Ecuadorian sculptor * April 18 – Haile Gebrselassie, Ethiopian long-distance runner * April 19 – George Gregan, Australian rugby union footballer * April 21 – Katsuyuki Konishi, Japanese voice actor * April 23 – Cem Yılmaz, Turkish comedian and actor * April 24 ** Sachin Tendulkar, Indian cricketer ** Lee Westwood, English golfer * April 27 – Sharlee D'Angelo, Swedish guitarist *

** Jorge Garcia, American actor and comedian ** Elisabeth Röhm, German-American actress * April 29 – David Belle, French actor and stunt performer

May

* May 1 ** Paul Burke (rugby union, born 1973), Paul Burke, Irish rugby player ** Diana Hayden, Miss World and Indian actress ** Oliver Neuville, German footballer * May 2 – Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck, German director *

– Michael Reiziger, Dutch footballer * May 4 – Guillermo Barros Schelotto, Argentine footballer *

– Johan Hedberg, Swedish retired hockey goaltender also known as "Moose" * May 7 – Paolo Savoldelli, Italian professional road racing cyclist * May 8 – Hiromu Arakawa, Japanese manga artist * May 9 – Tegla Loroupe, Kenyan long-distance runner * May 10 ** Keylla Hernandéz, Puerto Rican television reporter (d. 2018) ** Rüştü Reçber, Turkish football goalkeeper * May 12 – Robert Tinkler, Canadian voice actor *

** Natalie Appleton, Canadian singer (All Saints (group), All Saints) ** Shanice, African-American singer * May 16 ** Jason Acuña, American skateboarder and actor ** Tori Spelling, American actress ** Kōsuke Toriumi, Japanese voice actor * May 17 ** Sasha Alexander, American actress ** Josh Homme, American musician *

– Kaz Hayashi, Japanese professional wrestler * May 20 – Elsa Lunghini, French actress and singer * May 21 – Noel Fielding, British comedian * May 24 ** Bartolo Colón, Dominican baseball player ** Ruslana, Ukrainian pop star, activist, Eurovision Song Contest 2004 winner *

** Jean-Pierre Canlis, American glass artist ** Ai Kobayashi, Japanese voice actress ** Demetri Martin, American actor and comedian * May 27 – Jack McBrayer, American actor and comedian * May 30 – Minae Noji, American actress * May 31 – Dominique van Roost, Belgian tennis player

June

Juliette Lewis by David Shankbone cropped

AL Medaillengewinner im Viererbob bei den Olympischen Spielen 2002 cropped

** Fred Deburghgraeve, Belgian swimmer ** Adam Garcia, Australian actor and singer ** Heidi Klum, German model ** Derek Lowe, American baseball player * June 2 ** Carlos Acosta, Cuban-born ballet dancer ** Kevin Feige, American film producer and president of Marvel Studios * June 8 – Lexa Doig, Canadian actress * June 9 – Tedy Bruschi, American football player *

– Faith Evans, American singer * June 12 – Mitsuki Saiga, Japanese voice actress * June 14 – Ceca (singer), Ceca, Serbian folk singer * June 15 ** Neil Patrick Harris, American actor, comedian, singer, presenter and host ** Dean McAmmond, Canadian hockey player ** Greg Vaughan, American actor *

– Yumi Kakazu, Japanese voice actress * June 19 – Yuko Nakazawa, Japanese singer * June 21 ** Zuzana Čaputová, Slovak politician, President of Slovakia ** Juliette Lewis, American actress ** Fedja van Huêt, Dutch actor * June 22 ** Carson Daly, American television personality, host of NBC's ''The Voice (U.S. TV series), The Voice'' and ''Last Call with Carson Daly'' ** Giorgio Pasotti, Italian actor and martial arts athlete * June 23 ** Davies Chisopa, Zambian politician ** Marija Naumova (Marie N), Latvian singer, Eurovision Song Contest 2002 winner *

– Jonathan Lambert (actor), Jonathan Lambert, French actor and comedian *

– Jamie Redknapp, English footballer *

– Paweł Małaszyński, Polish actor *

** Olve Eikemo, Norwegian musician ** Gonzalo López-Gallego, Spanish film director * June 28 ** Adrián Annus, Hungarian athlete ** Kjetil-Vidar Haraldstad, Frost, Norwegian musician ** Andre Lange, German Olympic bobsledder * June 29 – Kento Masuda, Japanese composer and recording artist *

– Hidetada Yamagishi, Japanese bodybuilder

July

Crown Prince Haakon of Norway 2012-03-26 001

Rufus Wainwright Met Opera 2010 Shankbone

Kate Beckinsale 2011 Comic-Con (truer color)

* July 1 – Akhilesh Yadav, Indian politician *

** Antonio Filippini, Italian footballer ** Emanuele Filippini, Italian footballer ** Jonah Lotan, Israeli actor ** Owen H.M. Smith, American television producer, writer, actor and comedian ** Patrick Wilson (American actor), Patrick Wilson, American actor * July 4 ** Gackt, Japanese singer-songwriter and actor ** Mathieu Chantelois, Canadian television personality, journalist, magazine editor and marketing executive *

** Joe (singer), Joe, American singer-songwriter and record producer ** Marcus Allbäck, Swedish footballer and coach ** Andrei Zibrov, Russian actor * July 6 ** Pablo Escudero Morales, Mexican lawyer and politician ** Jehangir Wadia, Indian businessman * July 7 ** Troy Garity, American actor ** Yoon Kyung-shin, South Korean handball player ** Natsuki Takaya, Japanese manga artist * July 8 ** Kathleen Robertson, Canadian actress and producer ** Medi Sadoun, French actor * July 9 – Enrique Murciano, American actor *

** Julián Legaspi, Uruguayan-Peruvian actor ** McNeil Hendricks, South African rugby union player ** Andrej Hrnčiar, Slovak actor and politician ** Martin S. Jensen, Danish professional football goalkeeper ** Oleksandr Yanukovych, Ukrainian dentist and businessman *

** Link Abrams, American-New Zealand basketball player ** Andrew Bird, American violinist and singer-songwriter ** Marcelo Charpentier, Argentine tennis player ** Konstantinos Kenteris, Greek athlete ** Mohsen Torky, Iranian football player * July 12 ** Inoke Afeaki, Tongan rugby union footballer ** Christian Vieri, Italian footballer * July 13 ** Roberto Martínez, Spanish football manager ** Danny Williams (boxer), Danny Williams, British professional boxer * July 14 ** Kanaka (actress), Kanaka, South Indian actress ** Halil Mutlu, Bulgaria-born Turkish weightlifter ** Candela Peña, Spanish actress * July 15 ** John Dolmayan, Lebanese-born rock drummer for the band System of a Down ** Brian Austin Green, American actor ** Yasemin Şamdereli, Turkish-German actress, screenwriter and film director *

** Stefano Garzelli, Italian professional road racing cyclist ** Yoshihiko Hakamada, Japanese actor *

– Daimaou Kosaka, Japanese comedian * July 18 – Chi In-jin, South Korean boxer * July 19 ** Aílton (footballer, born 1973), Aílton, Brazilian football player ** Nathalie Boltt, South African actress ** Toni Brogno, Belgian football striker ** Saïd Taghmaoui, French-American actor and screenwriter *

** Peter Forsberg, Swedish hockey player ** Haakon, Crown Prince of Norway *

– Ali Landry, American actress * July 22 ** Rufus Wainwright, American-Canadian singer-songwriter and composer ** Jaime Camil, Mexican actor and singer ** Daniel Jones (musician), Daniel Jones, Australian musician and record producer *

** Omar Epps, American actor ** Fran Healy (musician), Fran Healy, Scottish singer-songwriter ** Monica Lewinsky, American White House intern *

– Dani Filth, British vocalist * July 26 – Kate Beckinsale, English actress * July 30 ** Markus Näslund, Swedish ice hockey player ** Sonu Nigam, Indian singer * July 31 – Jacob Aagaard, Danish-Scottish chess player

August

– Edurne Pasaban, Basque Spanish mountaineer * August 2 ** Miguel Mendonca, Anglo-Azorean writer ** Susie O'Neill, Australian swimmer * August 3 – Stephen Graham, English actor * August 6 ** Asia Carrera, American actress ** Vera Farmiga, American actress, director and producer *

– Jessica Calvello, American voice actress * August 9 ** Kevin McKidd, Scottish actor ** Filippo Inzaghi, Italian footballer ** Oleksandr Ponomariov, Ukrainian singer * August 10 – Javier Zanetti, Argentine football player * August 11 – Carolyn Murphy, American model * August 14 ** Jared Borgetti, Mexican footballer ** Jay-Jay Okocha, Nigerian footballer ** Kieren Perkins, Australian swimmer *

– Kris Mangum, American football player * August 16 – Damian Jackson, American baseball player * August 19 ** Marco Materazzi, Italian football player ** HRH Mette-Marit, Crown Princess of Norway, Crown Princess Mette-Marit of Norway * August 21 ** Sergey Brin, Russian-born American entrepreneur, co-founder of Google ** Steve McKenna, Canadian ice hockey player ** Nikolai Valuev, Russian heavyweight boxing champion * August 22 ** Howie D., American singer (Backstreet Boys) ** Kristen Wiig, American actress, comedian and writer *

** Chelsi Smith, American actress, singer, television host and beauty queen (d. 2018) ** Joey Cramer, Canadian child actor * August 24 ** Dave Chappelle, African-American actor and comedian ** Inge de Bruijn, Dutch swimmer ** Grey DeLisle, American voice actress, comedian and singer-songwriter ** Carmine Giovinazzo, American actor * August 28 – Kirby Morrow, Canadian actor, comedian and writer (d. 2020) * August 29 ** Abdo Hakim, Lebanese actor and voice actor ** Jason Spisak, American actor, voice actor and producer * August 30 – Lisa Ling, American journalist

September

* September 1 – Ram Kapoor, Indian actor * September 3 – Alexandra Kerry, American actress, filmmaker, director and producer * September 4 – Diosbelys Hurtado, Cuban boxer * September 5 ** Paddy Considine, British actor, filmmaker and musician ** Rose McGowan, American actress ** Rachel Sheherazade, Brazilian journalist * September 6 ** Carlo Cudicini, Italian footballer ** Greg Rusedski, Canadian-British tennis player * September 7 – Shannon Elizabeth, American actress *

- Sohrab Bakhtiarizadeh, Iranian footballer * September 12 ** Tarana Burke, American civil rights activist ** Darren Campbell, British athlete ** Paul Walker, American actor (d. 2013) * September 13 – Fabio Cannavaro, Italian footballer * September 14 ** Andrew Lincoln, English actor ** Nas, African-American rapper *

– Prince Daniel, Duke of Västergötland, né Olof Daniel Westling, Swedish prince, married to Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden, Crown Princess Victoria * September 17 – Ada Choi, Hong Kong actress *

** James Marsden, American actor ** Ami Onuki, Japanese singer ** Mark Shuttleworth, South African entrepreneur * September 19 ** José Azevedo, Portuguese cyclist ** David Zepeda, Mexican actor, model and singer *

– Jo Pavey, British athlete * September 21 – Oswaldo Sánchez, Mexican footballer * September 22 – Bob Sapp, American professional wrestler, actor, American football player, kickboxer and mixed martial artist * September 24 – Eddie George, American football player * September 25 – Bridgette Wilson-Sampras, American actress * September 29 ** Alfie Boe, English tenor ** Joe Hulbig, American ice hockey player * September 30 – David Ury, American actor

October

* October 2 ** Melissa Harris-Perry, African-American political commentator ** Lene Nystrøm, Norwegian singer (Aqua (band), Aqua) ** Proof (rapper), Proof, American rapper (D12) (d. 2006) ** Verka Serduchka, Ukrainian Drag queen, comedian and singer, Eurovision Song Contest 2007 runner-up * October 3 – Neve Campbell, Canadian actress * October 4 – Abyss (wrestler), Chris Parks, American professional wrestler *

– Ioan Gruffudd, Welsh actor * October 8 – Kari Korhonen, Finnish cartoonist * October 10 – Mario Lopez, American actor * October 11 ** Takeshi Kaneshiro, Taiwanese/Japanese actor ** Daisuke Sakaguchi, Japanese voice actor * October 13 ** Matt Hughes (fighter), Matt Hughes, American mixed martial arts fighter ** Nanako Matsushima, Japanese actress *

** George Floyd, African-American victim of police brutality (d. 2020) ** Lasha Zhvania, Georgian politician * October 15 ** Susy Pryde, New Zealand cyclist ** Dax Riggs, American musician * October 16 – Todd van der Heyden, Canadian journalist and news anchor * October 18 ** Sergey Bezrukov, Russian screen and stage actor ** Rachel Nichols (journalist), Rachel Nichols, American sports journalist * October 19 – Joaquin Gage, Canadian ice hockey player * October 22 – Ichiro Suzuki, Japanese baseball player * October 24 – Kurt Kuenne, filmmaker, known for documentary ''Dear Zachary: A Letter to a Son About His Father, Dear Zachary'' *

– Seth MacFarlane, American actor, screenwriter, producer, director and singer * October 28 ** Maryam Nawaz, Pakistani politician ** Montel Vontavious Porter, WWE Raw wrestler * October 29 – Robert Pires, French football player *

** Silvia Corzo, Colombian newsreader ** Edge (wrestler), Edge, Canadian professional wrestler and 4-time WWE Champion *

– Beverly Lynne, American actress

November

** Assia (singer), Assia, Algerian singer ** Li Xiaoshuang, Chinese gymnast ** Aishwarya Rai, Indian actress, Miss World 1994 * November 2 – Marisol Nichols, American actress *

** Sticky Fingaz, Kirk Jones, African-American rapper (Onyx (hip hop group), Onyx) ** Mick Thomson, American guitarist * November 4 – Steven Ogg, Canadian actor *

– Yunjin Kim, South Korean-American film and theater actress *

– David Muir, American journalist and news anchor * November 9 ** Alyson Court, Canadian actress and voice actress ** Nick Lachey, American actor, singer and television personality and host * November 13 – Jordan Bridges, American actor *

– Marcus Lemonis, Lebanese-American businessman, investor and television personality * November 20 – Sav Rocca, American football player and Australian rules footballer * November 22 – Cassie Campbell, Canadian ice hockey forward and CBC commentator * November 24 – Amy Hayes (announcer), Amy Hayes, American ring announcer and model * November 26 – Peter Facinelli, American actor *

– Sharlto Copley, South African producer, actor and director *

– Ryan Giggs, Welsh footballer * November 30 ** Nimród Antal, Hungarian-American film director, screenwriter and actor ** Christian Cage, Christian, Canadian professional wrestler ** Im Chang-jung, South Korean actor

December

– Lombardo Boyar, American stand-up, comedian, actor and voice artist * December 2 ** Monica Seles, Hungarian-Yugoslavian tennis player ** Jan Ullrich, German professional road bicycle racer *

** Holly Marie Combs, American actress ** Super Crazy, Francisco Islas Rueda, Mexican professional wrestler * December 4 – Tyra Banks, American supermodel, talk show host * December 5 ** Arik Benado, Israeli footballer ** Sorin Grindeanu, 65th Prime Minister of Romania * December 7 ** Carrie Kei Heim, American actress, lawyer and writer ** Terrell Owens, American football player ** Damien Rice, Irish singer-songwriter, musician and record producer * December 8 – Corey Taylor, American rock vocalist (Slipknot (band), Slipknot, ''Stone Sour) * December 9 – Bárbara Padilla, American operatic soprano * December 10 **Arden Myrin, American comedian **Gabriela Spanic, Venezuelan-Mexican actress * December 11 – Mos Def, African-American rapper and actor * December 12 – Paz Lenchantin, Argentine-American musician *

** Tom S. Englund, Swedish musician ** Tomasz Radzinski, Canadian footballer ** Thuy Trang, Vietnamese-born actress (d. 2001) * December 15 – Surya Bonaly, French figure skater * December 16 – Scott Storch, American hip-hop producer * December 17 ** Martha Erika Alonso Hidalgo, Mexican politician (d. 2018) ** Paula Radcliffe, British athlete *

– Darryl Brown (cricketer, born 1973), Darryl Brown, Trinidad and West Indian cricketer *

– Antti Kasvio, Finnish swimmer * December 21 – Mike Alstott, American football player * December 24 ** Stephenie Meyer, American novelist ** Kerry Nettle, Australian politician * December 25 – Chris Harris (wrestler), Chris Harris, American professional wrestler * December 27 – Wilson Cruz, American actor *

** Seth Meyers, American actor and comedian, currently hosts ''Late Night with Seth Meyers'' ** Ids Postma, Dutch speed skater * December 30 ** Jason Behr, American actor ** Ato Boldon, West Indian athlete * December 31 – Nikolay Tsiskaridze, Russian dancer

Deaths

January

* January 2 – Eleazar López Contreras, 45th President of Venezuela (b. 1883) * January 22 – Lyndon B. Johnson, 36th President of the United States (b. 1908) * January 23 – Kid Ory, American musician (b. 1886) * January 24 – J. Carrol Naish, American actor (b. 1896) *

– Edward G. Robinson, American actor (b. 1893) * January 28 – John Banner, Austrian-born actor (b. 1910) *

** Ragnar Frisch, Norwegian economist, Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895) ** Jack MacGowran, Irish film actor (b. 1918)

February

* February 11 – J. Hans D. Jensen, German physicist, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1907) * February 15 ** Wally Cox, American actor (b. 1924) ** Tim Holt, American actor (b. 1919) * February 16 – Francisco Caamaño, 50th President of the Dominican Republic (executed) (b. 1932) * February 18 – Frank Costello, Italian-American Mafia gangster and crime boss (b. 1891) * February 19 ** Ivan T. Sanderson, Scottish-American naturalist, cryptozoologist and writer (b. 1911) ** Joseph Szigeti, Hungarian violinist (b. 1892) * February 22 ** Elizabeth Bowen, Irish novelist (b. 1899) ** Katina Paxinou, Greek actress (b. 1900) * February 23 – Dickinson W. Richards, American physician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1895) * February 28 – Cecil Kellaway, South African actor (b. 1890)

March

* March 3 – Vera Panova, Soviet-Russian writer (b. 1905) * March 6 – Pearl S. Buck, American writer, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1892) * March 8 ** Benjamín de Arriba y Castro, Spanish Roman Catholic archbishop and cardinal (b. 1886) ** Ron "Pigpen" McKernan, American rock musician (Grateful Dead) (b. 1945) *

– Robert Siodmak, German-born American director (b. 1900) * March 12 – Frankie Frisch, American baseball player (St. Louis Cardinals) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1898) * March 13 – Melville Cooper, British actor (b. 1896) * March 17 – Giuseppe Ferretto, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1899) * March 18 ** Johannes Aavik, Estonian philologist (b. 1880) ** Lauritz Melchior, Danish opera singer (b. 1890) * March 22 – Hilda Geiringer, Austrian mathematician (b. 1893) * March 23 – Ken Maynard, American actor (b. 1895) * March 25 – Edward Steichen, Luxembourg-born American photographer (b. 1879) * March 26 ** Sir Noël Coward, English composer and playwright (b. 1899) ** George Sisler, American baseball player (St. Louis Browns) and a member of the MLB Hall of Fame (b. 1893)

April

* April 8 – Pablo Picasso, Spanish artist (b. 1881) * April 12 – Arthur Freed, American film producer (b. 1894) * April 13 ** Henry Darger, American outsider artist (b. 1892) ** Dudley Senanayake, 2nd Prime Minister of Sri Lanka (b. 1911) * April 14 – Károly Kerényi, Hungarian philologist and mythologist (b. 1897) * April 16 ** Nino Bravo, Spanish singer (b. 1944) ** István Kertész (conductor), Istvan Kertesz, Hungarian conductor (b. 1929) * April 19 – Hans Kelsen, Austrian-born legal theorist (b. 1881) * April 20 – Robert Armstrong (actor), Robert Armstrong, American actor (b. 1890) * April 21 ** Merian C. Cooper, American aviator, director, and producer (b. 1893) ** Arthur Fadden, Sir Arthur Fadden, Australian politician, 13th Prime Minister of Australia (b. 1894) * April 25 ** Fuad Chehab, 8th President of Lebanon (b. 1902) ** Frank Jack Fletcher, American admiral (b. 1885) * April 26 – Irene Ryan, American actress (b. 1902) *

– Jacques Maritain, French Catholic philosopher (b. 1882)

May

* May 1 – Asger Jorn, Danish painter (b. 1914) * May 6 – Myrna Fahey, American actress (b. 1933) * May 8 – Alexander Vandegrift, American general (b. 1887) * May 11 – Lex Barker, American actor (b. 1919) * May 12 – Frances Marion, American screenwriter (b. 1888) * May 16 – Jacques Lipchitz, French-American sculptor (b. 1891) *

– Jeannette Rankin, American politician (b. 1880) * May 20 – Jarno Saarinen, Finnish motorcycle racer (b. 1945) * May 21 ** Ivan Konev, Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1897) ** Vaughn Monroe, American singer (b. 1911) * May 26 ** Karl Löwith, German philosopher (b. 1897) * May 27 – Constantin Daicoviciu, Romanian historian and archaeologist (b. 1898)

June

Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1995-041-23A, Ostfront, Adolf Hitler, Erich v

– Mary Kornman, American actress (b. 1915) * June 8 – Emmy Göring ''nee'' Sonnemann, German actress, second wife of Hermann Göring (b. 1893) * June 9 – Erich von Manstein, German field marshal (b. 1887) *

– William Inge, American playwright (b. 1913) * June 23 – Fay Holden, American actress (b. 1893) *

– Mary Carr, American actress (b. 1874) *

– Ernest Truex, American actor (b. 1889) *

** Nancy Mitford, English novelist (b. 1904) ** Vasyl Velychkovsky, Vasyl Velychkovsky C.Ss.R, Ukrainian Catholic bishop, martyr and blessed (b. 1903)

July

* July 2 ** Betty Grable, American actress (b. 1916) ** George Macready, American actor (b. 1899) * July 6 ** Joe E. Brown, American actor and comedian (b. 1891) ** Otto Klemperer, German-born conductor (b. 1885) * July 7 ** Max Horkheimer, German philosopher and sociologist (b. 1895) ** Veronica Lake, American actress (b. 1922) * July 8 ** Ben-Zion Dinur, Russian-born Israeli educator, historian and politician (b. 1884) ** Wilfred Rhodes, English cricketer (b. 1877) *

** Alexander Mosolov, Russian composer (b. 1900) ** Robert Ryan, American actor (b. 1909) * July 12 – Lon Chaney Jr., American actor (b. 1906) * July 13 – Willy Fritsch, German actor (b. 1901) * July 18 – Jack Hawkins, British actor (b. 1910) *

** Mikhail Isakovsky, Russian poet (b. 1900) ** Bruce Lee, Chinese-American martial artist and actor (b. 1940) ** Robert Smithson, American artist (b. 1938) *

– Eddie Rickenbacker, American World War I flying ace and race car driver (b. 1890) * July 24 – Julián Acuña Galé, Cuban botanist (b. 1900) *

** Dezső Pattantyús-Ábrahám, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1875) ** Louis St. Laurent, 12th Prime Minister of Canada (b. 1882) * July 26 – Konstantinos Georgakopoulos, Greek lawyer and professor, 152nd Prime Minister of Greece (b. 1890) * July 29 ** Henri Charrière, French writer (b. 1906) ** Julio Adalberto Rivera Carballo, 34th President of El Salvador (b. 1921) ** Roger Williamson, British racing driver (b. 1948) * July 31 – Annibale Bergonzoli, Italian general (b. 1884)

August

** Gian Francesco Malipiero, Italian composer (b. 1882) ** Walter Ulbricht, East German politician, former leader of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, Communist Party and 2nd State Council of East Germany, head of State of the GDR (b. 1893) ** Nikos Zachariadis, Greek politician, former leader of the Communist Party of Greece (b. 1903) * August 2 – Jean-Pierre Melville, French film director (b. 1917) * August 4 – Eddie Condon, American jazz musician (b. 1905) * August 6 ** Fulgencio Batista, 9th and 12th President of Cuba (b. 1901) ** James Beck, British actor (b. 1929) * August 9 – Charles Daniels (swimmer), Charles Daniels, American Olympic swimmer (b. 1885) * August 10 – Douglas Kennedy (actor), Douglas Kennedy, American actor (b. 1915) * August 11 – Peggie Castle, American actress (b. 1927) * August 12 ** Walter Rudolf Hess, Swiss physiologist, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881) ** Karl Ziegler, German chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1898) * August 16 ** Veda Ann Borg, American actress (b. 1915) ** Selman Waksman, Ukrainian-American biochemist, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1888) * August 17 ** Conrad Aiken, American writer (b. 1889) ** Jean Barraqué, French composer (b. 1928) ** Paul Williams (The Temptations), Paul Williams, American singer (The Temptations) (b. 1939) * August 18 ** François Bonlieu, French Olympic alpine skier (b. 1937) ** Basil Brooke, 1st Viscount Brookeborough, British politician, 3rd Prime Minister of Northern Ireland (b. 1888) * August 30 – Michael Dunn (actor), Michael Dunn, American actor (b. 1934) * August 31 – John Ford, American film director (b. 1894)

September

* September 2 – J. R. R. Tolkien, British writer (b. 1892) *

–

, 30th President of Chile (b. 1908) * September 12 – Marjorie Merriweather Post, American businesswoman (b. 1887) * September 13 – Betty Field, American actress (b. 1913) *

– King Gustaf VI Adolf, Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden (b. 1882) * September 16 ** Rafael Franco, 33rd President of Paraguay (b. 1896) ** Víctor Jara, Chilean political activist and singer-songwriter (b. 1932) *

– Théo Lefèvre, 39th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1914) * September 19 – Gram Parsons, American musician (b. 1946) *

– Jim Croce, American songwriter (b. 1943) * September 22 – Paul van Zeeland, 29th Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1893) * September 23 – Pablo Neruda, Chilean poet, Nobel Prize in Literature, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1904) * September 24 – Josué de Castro, Brazilian writer, physician, geographer and activist against hunger (b. 1908) * September 26 – Anna Magnani, Italian actress (b. 1908) * September 28 ** Norma Crane, American actress (b. 1928) ** Mantan Moreland, American actor and comedian (b. 1902) * September 29 – W. H. Auden, English poet (b. 1907)

October

* October 1 – Mohammad Hashim Maiwandwal, former Prime Minister of Afghanistan (b. 1921) * October 2 ** Paul Hartman, American dancer and actor (b. 1904) ** Paavo Nurmi, Finnish Olympic athlete (b. 1897) *

– François Cevert, French racing driver (b. 1944) * October 8 – Gabriel Marcel, French Catholic existential thinker (b. 1889) * October 9 – Sister Rosetta Tharpe, American singer and guitarist (b. 1915) * October 10 – Ludwig von Mises, Austrian economist (b. 1881) * October 16 – Gene Krupa, American jazz drummer (b. 1909) *

– Ingeborg Bachmann, Austrian poet and author (b. 1926) * October 18 ** Leo Strauss, German-American political philosopher (b. 1899) ** Walt Kelly, American cartoonist (b. 1913) ** Crane Wilbur, American actor (b. 1886) * October 19 – Margaret Caroline Anderson, American magazine publisher (b. 1886) * October 22 – Pablo Casals, Spanish cellist and conductor (b. 1876) *

– Abebe Bikila, Ethiopian Olympic athlete (b. 1932) *

– Semyon Budyonny, Cossack cavalryman and Marshal of the Soviet Union (b. 1883) * October 27 – Allan Lane, American actor (b. 1909) * October 28 ** Cleo Moore, American actress (b. 1928) ** Taha Hussein, Egyptian writer (b. 1889)

November

** Arturo de Córdova, Mexican actor (b. 1908) ** Marc Allégret, French film director (b. 1900) *

– Kiyohide Shima, Japanese admiral (b. 1890) *

** Hassan al-Hudaybi, Egyptian general (b. 1891) ** Artturi Ilmari Virtanen, Finnish chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1895) * November 12 – Wacław Stachiewicz, Polish writer, geologist, and general (b. 1894) * November 13 ** B. S. Johnson, English experimental novelist (b. 1933) ** Lila Lee, American actress (b. 1905) ** Bruno Maderna, Italian conductor and composer (b. 1920) ** Elsa Schiaparelli, Italian fashion designer (b. 1890) *

– Alan Watts, British philosopher (b. 1915) *

– Mirra Alfassa, multi-origined spiritual leader and founder of Auroville, India (b. 1878) * November 18 – Alois Hába, Czech composer and musicologist (b. 1893) * November 20 – Allan Sherman, American comedy writer, television producer, and song parodist (b. 1924) * November 23 ** Sessue Hayakawa, Japanese-born American actor and film director (b. 1889) ** Constance Talmadge, American actress (b. 1898) *

** Albert DeSalvo, American criminal, suspect in the Boston Strangler case (b. 1931) ** Laurence Harvey, English actor (b. 1928) * November 28 – John Rostill, English bassist, musician and composer (The Shadows) (b. 1942)

December

– David Ben-Gurion, 1st Prime Minister of Israel (b. 1886) *

– Adolfo Ruiz Cortines, 47th President of Mexico (b. 1889) * December 4 **Lauri Lehtinen, Finnish Olympic athlete (b. 1908) ** Michael O'Shea (actor), Michael O'Shea, American actor (b. 1906) * December 5 – Sir Robert Watson-Watt, Scottish engineer, radar pioneer (b. 1892) * December 12 – Atilio García, Argentine-born Uruguayan football player (b. 1914) * December 13 – Giuseppe Beltrami, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1889) * December 16 – Sid Barnes, Australian cricketer (b. 1916) * December 17 – Charles Greeley Abbot, American astrophysicist (d. 1872) *

** Luis Carrero Blanco, Spanish admiral and politician, 69th Prime Minister of Spain (b. 1904) ** Bobby Darin, American singer, songwriter, musician, actor, dancer, impressionist and TV presenter (b. 1936) * December 22 – James Anderson (tennis), James Anderson, Australian tennis champion (b. 1894) * December 23 – Gerard Kuiper, Dutch-born American astronomer (b. 1905) * December 25 ** İsmet İnönü, Turkish general and statesman, 3-time Prime Minister of Turkey and 2nd President of Turkey during World War II (b. 1884) ** Gabriel Voisin, French aviation pioneer (b. 1880) * December 26 ** William Haines, American actor (b. 1900) ** Harold B. Lee, American president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1899)

Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Leo Esaki, Ivar Giaever, Brian David Josephson * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Ernst Otto Fischer, Geoffrey Wilkinson * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Medicine – Karl von Frisch, Konrad Lorenz, Nikolaas Tinbergen * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Patrick White * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Henry Kissinger, Lê Đức Thọ * Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences, Economics – Wassily Leontief

References

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