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Hypercacher
Hypercacher (; also Hyper Cacher or HyperCacher; translated as "Super Kosher") is a chain of kosher supermarkets in France and Italy. There are branches in and around Paris (Porte de Vincennes, rue de Manin, rue de l'Ourcq, La Villette, rue Bayen, rue Jean-de-la-La-Fontaine, Montreuil, Créteil, Sarcelles, Saint Gratien), as well as in Nice and Rome. History The first branch was opened in March 1992 in Montreuil, and branches have been opened from that date until 2013. The company's president is Michel Emsalem. On 9 January 2015, Islamist terrorist Amedy Coulibaly held several hostages at gunpoint at the Porte de Vincennes The Porte de Vincennes () is one of the city gates of Paris (France) situated in the Bel Air neighborhood of the 12th arrondissement. Location The Porte de Vincennes is located where the northeast corner of the 12th arrondissement meets the ... branch in the eastern suburbs of Paris. Four hostages were murdered by Coulibaly, who was then kill ...
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Hypercacher Kosher Supermarket Siege
On 9 January 2015, Amedy Coulibaly, armed with a submachine gun, an assault rifle, and two Tokarev pistols, entered and attacked a Hypercacher kosher supermarket in Porte de Vincennes in Paris, France. There, Coulibaly murdered four Jewish hostages and held fifteen other hostages during a siege in which he demanded that the Kouachi brothers not be harmed. The siege ended when police stormed the supermarket, killing Coulibaly. The attack and hostage crisis occurred in the wake of the ''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting two days earlier, and concurrently with the Dammartin-en-Goële hostage crisis in which the two ''Charlie Hebdo'' gunmen were cornered. On 16 December 2020, 14 accomplices to both the Jewish supermarket attack and the Charlie Hebdo shooting, including Coulibaly's former partner Hayat Boumeddiene, were convicted. At that time, three of the accomplices, including Bouddiene, had not been captured and were tried in absentia. Hostage-taking On 9 January 2015, Amedy Couliba ...
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Amedy Coulibaly
Amedy Coulibaly (; 27 February 1982 – 9 January 2015) was a Malian-French man who was the prime suspect in the Montrouge shooting, in which municipal police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe was shot and killed, and was the hostage-taker and gunman in the Hypercacher Kosher Supermarket siege, in which he killed four hostages before being fatally shot by police. He was a close friend of Saïd and Chérif Kouachi, the gunmen in the ''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting, to which Coulibaly's shootings were connected. He said he synchronized his attacks with the Kouachi brothers. Coulibaly had pledged allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant. Early life Coulibaly was born in Juvisy-sur-Orge, a suburb south-east of Paris, into a Malian Muslim immigrant family. He was the only boy, with nine sisters. He grew up on a housing estate, La Grande Borne, in Grigny, Essonne, Grigny, south of Paris. Starting at the age of 17, he was convicted five times for armed robbery and at leas ...
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Hyper Cacher Porte De Vincennes Attentat 8
Hyper may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Hyper'' (2016 film), 2016 Indian Telugu film * ''Hyper'' (2018 film), 2018 Indian Kannada film * ''Hyper'' (magazine), an Australian video game magazine *Hyper (TV channel), a Filipino sports channel *Hyper+, a former Polish programming block on Teletoon+ Mathematics *Hypercube, the n-dimensional analogue of a square and a cube *Hyperoperation, an arithmetic operation beyond exponentiation *Hyperplane, a subspace whose dimension is one less than that of its ambient space *Hypersphere, the set of points at a constant distance from a given point called its centre *Hypersurface, a generalization of the concepts of hyperplane, plane curve, and surface *Hyperstructure, an algebraic structure equipped with at least one multivalued operation *Hyperbolic functions, analogues of trigonometric functions defined using the hyperbola rather than the circle Other uses *DJ Hyper (born 1977), a British electronic musician *Hyper key, a modifier key ...
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Saint-Gratien, Val-d'Oise
Saint-Gratien is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department, in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the center of Paris. History On August 7, 1850, a part of the territory of Saint-Gratien was detached and merged with a part of the territory of Deuil-la-Barre, a part of the territory of Soisy-sous-Montmorency, and a part of the territory of Épinay-sur-Seine to create the commune of Enghien-les-Bains. On that occasion the commune of Saint-Gratien lost the scenic lake now known as the Lake of Enghien. Population Transport Saint-Gratien is served by Saint-Gratien station on Paris RER line and by the bus number 138 going to Paris — Porte de Clichy. See also *Communes of the Val-d'Oise department The following is a list of the 184 communes of the Val-d'Oise department of France. The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2020):
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Retail Companies Established In 1992
Retail is the sale of goods and services to consumers, in contrast to wholesaling, which is sale to business or institutional customers. A retailer purchases goods in large quantities from manufacturers, directly or through a wholesaler, and then sells in smaller quantities to consumers for a profit. Retailers are the final link in the supply chain from producers to consumers. Retail markets and shops have a very ancient history, dating back to antiquity. Some of the earliest retailers were itinerant peddlers. Over the centuries, retail shops were transformed from little more than "rude booths" to the sophisticated shopping malls of the modern era. In the digital age, an increasing number of retailers are seeking to reach broader markets by selling through multiple channels, including both bricks and mortar and online retailing. Digital technologies are also affecting the way that consumers pay for goods and services. Retailing support services may also include the provision ...
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Jews And Judaism In Italy
Italian Jews ( it, Ebrei Italiani, he, יהודים איטלקים ''Yehudim Italkim'') or Roman Jews ( it, Ebrei Romani, he, יהודים רומים ''Yehudim Romim'') can be used in a broad sense to mean all Jews living in or with roots in Italy, or, in a narrower sense, to mean the Italkim, an ancient community living in Italy since the Ancient Rome, Ancient Roman era, who use the Italian liturgy (or “Italian Rite”) as distinct from those Jewish communities in Italy dating from medieval or modern times who use the Sephardic law and customs, Sephardic liturgy, the Italian Nusach or the Nusach Ashkenaz. Divisions Italian Jews historically fall into four categories. #Italkim, Jews of the “Italian Rite” who have resided in Italy since Roman times; see #Italian Rite Jews, below. #Sephardi Jews, in particular Spanish and Portuguese Jews, i.e., Jews who arrived in Italy following their expulsion from the Iberian Peninsula. The Kingdom of Spain expelled Jews with the 1492 ...
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Jews And Judaism In France
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, the practice of Jewish (religious) ...
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Mali
Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali is the eighth-largest country in Africa, with an area of over . The population of Mali is  million. 67% of its population was estimated to be under the age of 25 in 2017. Its capital and largest city is Bamako. The sovereign state of Mali consists of eight regions and its borders on the north reach deep into the middle of the Sahara Desert. The country's southern part is in the Sudanian savanna, where the majority of inhabitants live, and both the Niger and Senegal rivers pass through. The country's economy centres on agriculture and mining. One of Mali's most prominent natural resources is gold, and the country is the third largest producer of gold on the African continent. It also exports salt. Present-day Mali was once part of t ...
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Rome
, established_title = Founded , established_date = 753 BC , founder = King Romulus (legendary) , image_map = Map of comune of Rome (metropolitan city of Capital Rome, region Lazio, Italy).svg , map_caption = The territory of the ''comune'' (''Roma Capitale'', in red) inside the Metropolitan City of Rome (''Città Metropolitana di Roma'', in yellow). The white spot in the centre is Vatican City. , pushpin_map = Italy#Europe , pushpin_map_caption = Location within Italy##Location within Europe , pushpin_relief = yes , coordinates = , coor_pinpoint = , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Italy , subdivision_type2 = Region , subdivision_name2 = Lazio , subdivision_type3 = Metropolitan city , subdivision_name3 = Rome Capital , government_footnotes= , government_type = Strong Mayor–Council , leader_title2 = Legislature , leader_name2 = Capitoline Assemb ...
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Nice
Nice ( , ; Niçard: , classical norm, or , nonstandard, ; it, Nizza ; lij, Nissa; grc, Νίκαια; la, Nicaea) is the prefecture of the Alpes-Maritimes department in France. The Nice agglomeration extends far beyond the administrative city limits, with a population of nearly 1 millionDemographia: World Urban Areas
, Demographia.com, April 2016
on an area of . Located on the , the southeastern coast of France on the , at the foot of the

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Sarcelles
Sarcelles () is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the centre of Paris. Sarcelles is a sub-prefecture of the Val-d'Oise department and the seat of the arrondissement of Sarcelles. In the south of the commune, during the 1950s and 1960s, vast housing estates were built in order to accommodate ''pieds-noirs'' (French settlers from Algeria) and Jews who had left Algeria due to its war of independence. A few Jews from Egypt settled there after the Suez crisis, and Jews from Tunisia and Morocco settled in Sarcelles after unrest and riots against Jews due to the Six-Day War and to the Yom Kippur War. Transport Sarcelles is served by Garges–Sarcelles station on Paris RER line D. It is also served by Sarcelles–Saint-Brice station on the Transilien Paris-Nord suburban rail line. This station, although administratively located on the territory of the neighbouring commune of Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, lies in fact very near the town centre of Sar ...
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