On 9 January 2015,
Amedy Coulibaly
Amedy Coulibaly (; 27 February 1982 – 9 January 2015) was a Malian-French man who was the prime suspect in the Montrouge shooting, in which municipal police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe was shot and killed, and was the hostage-taker and gu ...
, armed with a
submachine gun
A submachine gun (SMG) is a magazine-fed, automatic carbine designed to fire handgun cartridges. The term "submachine gun" was coined by John T. Thompson, the inventor of the Thompson submachine gun, to describe its design concept as an autom ...
, an
assault rifle, and two
Tokarev pistol
The TT-30,, "7.62 mm Tokarev self-loading pistol model 1930", TT stands for Tula-Tokarev) commonly known simply as the Tokarev, is an out-of-production Soviet semi-automatic pistol. It was developed in 1930 by Fedor Tokarev as a service pist ...
s, entered and attacked a
Hypercacher kosher supermarket in
Porte de Vincennes
The Porte de Vincennes () is one of the city gates of Paris (France) situated in the Bel Air neighborhood of the 12th arrondissement.
Location
The Porte de Vincennes is located where the northeast corner of the 12th arrondissement meets the ...
in
Paris, France
Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...
. There, Coulibaly murdered four Jewish hostages and held fifteen other hostages during a siege in which he demanded that the
Kouachi brothers not be harmed. The siege ended when police stormed the supermarket, killing Coulibaly. The attack and
hostage crisis
A hostage is a person seized by an abductor in order to compel another party, one which places a high value on the liberty, well-being and safety of the person seized, such as a relative, employer, law enforcement or government to act, or ref ...
occurred in the wake of the
''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting two days earlier, and concurrently with the
Dammartin-en-Goële hostage crisis in which the two ''Charlie Hebdo'' gunmen were cornered.
On 16 December 2020, 14 accomplices to both the Jewish supermarket attack and the Charlie Hebdo shooting, including Coulibaly's former partner
Hayat Boumeddiene
Hayat Boumeddiene (born 26 June 1988) is currently being sought by French police as a suspected accomplice of her partner, Amedy Coulibaly, who was the main suspect for the Montrouge shooting, in which municipal police officer Clarissa Jean-Phili ...
, were convicted.
At that time, three of the accomplices, including Bouddiene, had not been captured and were
tried in absentia
Trial in absentia is a criminal proceeding in a court of law in which the person who is subject to it is not physically present at those proceedings. is Latin for "in (the) absence". Its meaning varies by jurisdiction and legal system.
In comm ...
.
Hostage-taking
On 9 January 2015,
Amedy Coulibaly
Amedy Coulibaly (; 27 February 1982 – 9 January 2015) was a Malian-French man who was the prime suspect in the Montrouge shooting, in which municipal police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe was shot and killed, and was the hostage-taker and gu ...
, who had pledged allegiance to the
Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
An Islamic state is a State (polity), state that has a form of government based on sharia, Islamic law (sharia). As a term, it has been used to describe various historical Polity, polities and theories of governance in the Islamic world. As a t ...
,
attacked the people in a
Hypercacher kosher food
Kosher foods are foods that conform to the Jewish dietary regulations of '' kashrut'' (dietary law). The laws of ''kashrut'' apply to food derived from living creatures and kosher foods are restricted to certain types of mammals, birds and fish ...
supermarket at
Porte de Vincennes
The Porte de Vincennes () is one of the city gates of Paris (France) situated in the Bel Air neighborhood of the 12th arrondissement.
Location
The Porte de Vincennes is located where the northeast corner of the 12th arrondissement meets the ...
in east Paris. He killed four people, all of whom were
Jewish
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...
, and took several hostages.
Some media outlets claimed he had a female accomplice, speculated initially to be his common-law wife,
Hayat Boumeddiene
Hayat Boumeddiene (born 26 June 1988) is currently being sought by French police as a suspected accomplice of her partner, Amedy Coulibaly, who was the main suspect for the Montrouge shooting, in which municipal police officer Clarissa Jean-Phili ...
.
Coulibaly was later confirmed to be the gunman in
a shooting in
Montrouge
Montrouge () is a commune in the southern Parisian suburbs, located from the centre of Paris. It is one of the most densely populated municipalities in Europe. After a long period of decline, the population has increased again in recent years.
...
the previous day. In that shooting he killed a
municipal police
Municipal police, city police, or local police are law enforcement agencies that are under the control of local government. This includes the municipal government, where it is the smallest administrative subdivision. They receive funding ...
officer, Clarissa Jean-Philippe.
A witness stated, "People were buying things when a man came in with a rifle and started shooting in all directions. I ran out. The shooting continued for several seconds." Coulibaly recorded seven minutes of his attack using a
GoPro camera attached to his torso, and emailed a copy of the footage using a computer at the supermarket. The video included the deaths of three of the victims.
In an interview with
BFMTV during an ensuing standoff, Coulibaly stated that he targeted the Jews at the Kosher grocery to defend Muslims, notably Palestinians. Thanks to a mobile phone line that was unintentionally left open, Coulibaly's dialogue with his hostages was recorded and transcribed by
RTL (French radio)
RTL is a French commercial radio network owned by the RTL Group. Founded in 1933 as Radio Luxembourg, it broadcast from outside France until 1981 because only public stations had been allowed until then. It is a general-interest, news, talk and mu ...
.
Coulibaly said his action was revenge for the Syrian government action and against the Western coalition actions in Mali, Iraq, and Afghanistan.
Yohan Cohen, aged 22, and Yoav Hattab, aged 21, were hailed as heroes by their fellow hostages, as they were murdered by Coulibaly while seeking to overcome him and free the other hostages in the store. Coulibaly reportedly abandoned one of his weapons on a counter-top in the store as he entered, after it had jammed. After Coulibaly proceeded to threaten a customer with a small child at the beginning of the attack, Cohen, an employee, attempted to grab the abandoned weapon with the help of Hattab, and take down Coulibaly. When the malfunctioning gun jammed on Cohen at that moment, Coulibaly shot Cohen in the head, and then proceeded to shoot Hattab. The remaining victims of the attack, François-Michel Saada and Philippe Braham, reportedly immediately sought to resist Coulibaly as well.
Lassana Bathily, a
Mali
Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali ...
an-born
Muslim
Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abrah ...
shop assistant, was also hailed as a hero in the hostage crisis for hiding people from the gunman and assisting police after his escape. During the hostage crisis, Bathily helped hide hostages in a
cold storage container in the basement. Bathily then tried to call the police, but the line was busy, so he called his friend, a Frenchman named Dennis Mercier, and Mercier alerted the authorities about the hostage situation by flagging down a policeman. When Coulibaly opened fire in the store, killing Cohen, Hattab, Saada, and Braham and taking hostages, Bathily led fifteen people into the downstairs cold storage room for safety. Bathily was then able to escape alone by slipping out of the store using elevator equipment. Upon leaving the store, he was immediately handcuffed and arrested by police who suspected him of playing a role in the attack. He was released after an hour and a half. Bathily also provided the officers with a key to open the store's metal blinds.
Coulibaly was reportedly in contact with the Kouachi brothers as the sieges of both and the brothers progressed simultaneously, and told police that he would kill hostages if the brothers were harmed. Nearby schools were placed under lock-down, and local Jewish businesses were shut down as a precaution.
In 2015, several hostages sued French media over its coverage; in particular the French 24-hour news channel
BFMTV. The lawyer representing the group,
Patrick Klugman
Patrick Klugman (born 11 July 1977) is a French attorney at the Paris bar and a politician.
He is a former president of the Union des étudiants juifs de France (UEJF, Union of French Jewish students), and is a militant Anti-racism, anti-racist. ...
, said that hostages' lives were endangered by the coverage which revealed a cold room as one of their hiding places.
Police intervention
All remained relatively quiet until suddenly four very loud
stun grenade
A stun grenade, also known as a flash grenade, flashbang, thunderflash, or sound bomb, is a less-lethal explosive device used to temporarily disorient an enemy's senses. Upon detonation, they produce a blinding flash of light and an extremely lo ...
s went off in four places at around 17:09 local time. Heavily armed police marched towards the scene whilst backup came to the scene. They surrounded the shop, with Coulibaly firing shots in the air. Someone had opened the shutters and automatic sliding doors to the supermarket. This led to police storming the grocery store, shooting and killing Coulibaly, who had previously fired shots back at police and then charged at the entrance to attack police. As he jumped, police opened fire and killed him. At least four explosions were heard, all of which were stun grenades thrown by police. Hostages were seen running out, one with a child in his arms, as ambulances swarmed the area.
Fifteen hostages were rescued. Several people, including two police officers, were wounded during the incident. French President
François Hollande
François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (; born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as President of France from 2012 to 2017. He previously was First Secretary of the Socialist Party (PS) from 1997 to 2008, Mayor of Tulle from ...
and a prosecutor later confirmed that four people had been killed by Coulibaly as he took the hostages before the siege began. Explosives tied to a detonator were later found around the store.
Bathily provided information about the store to assist police.
File:Hyper Cacher porte de Vincennes attentat 6.jpg
File:Hyper Cacher porte de Vincennes attentat 5.jpg
File:Hyper Cacher porte de Vincennes attentat 10.jpg
Victims
![Funeral of the 4 murdered in Hypercacher in Paris (1)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4d/Funeral_of_the_4_murdered_in_Hypercacher_in_Paris_%281%29.jpg)
* Philippe Braham, 45, IT sales executive
* Yohan Cohen, 22, an economics student and worker at Hyper Cacher
* Yoav Hattab, 21, a Tunisian college student
* François-Michel Saada, 64, retiree.
[Qui étaient les quatre juifs tués à la porte de Vincennes?](_blank)
''Le Journal du Dimanche'', 11 January 2015
The victims were posthumously awarded the
Legion of Honour
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon, ...
by the French Republic.
[Jérusalem : pour Royal, "l'antisémitisme n'a pas sa place en France"](_blank)
''Europe 1
Europe 1, formerly known as Europe n° 1, is a privately owned radio station created in 1955. Owned and operated by Lagardère Active, a subsidiary of the Lagardère Group, it is one of the leading radio broadcasting stations in France and its pro ...
'', 13 January 2015 At the instigation of the Israeli government, and after some pressure on the families, it was decided that they should be buried at the
Givat Shaul cemetery in
Jerusalem
Jerusalem (; he, יְרוּשָׁלַיִם ; ar, القُدس ) (combining the Biblical and common usage Arabic names); grc, Ἱερουσαλήμ/Ἰεροσόλυμα, Hierousalḗm/Hierosóluma; hy, Երուսաղեմ, Erusałēm. i ...
on 13 January 2015.
[Jonathan Beck]
‘We wanted you to come here alive,’ laments president as four Paris victims buried
''The Times of Israel
''The Times of Israel'' is an Israeli multi-language online newspaper that was launched in 2012. It was co-founded by Israeli journalist David Horovitz, who is also the founding editor, and American billionaire investor Seth Klarman. '', 13 January 2015 The funeral was attended by thousands, some holding signs reading "''Je suis juif''" or "''Je suis Israelien''", with pictures of the four dead.
[Thousands attend funeral in Jerusalem for victims of Paris supermarket attack](_blank)
World Jewish Congress
The World Jewish Congress (WJC) was founded in Geneva, Switzerland in August 1936 as an international federation of Jewish communities and organizations. According to its mission statement, the World Jewish Congress' main purpose is to act as ...
, 13 January 2015 During the ceremony, Israeli Prime Minister
Benjamin Netanyahu
Benjamin "Bibi" Netanyahu (; ; born 21 October 1949) is an Israeli politician who served as the ninth prime minister of Israel from 1996 to 1999 and again from 2009 to 2021. He is currently serving as Leader of the Opposition and Chairman of ...
, Israeli President
Reuven Rivlin
Reuven "Ruvi" Rivlin ( he, רְאוּבֵן "רוּבִי" רִיבְלִין ; born 9 September 1939) is an Israeli politician and lawyer who served as the tenth president of Israel between 2014 and 2021. He is a member of the Likud party. Riv ...
, and French Ecology Minister
Ségolène Royal
Marie-Ségolène Royal (; born 22 September 1953) is a French politician who was the Socialist Party candidate for the Presidency of France in the 2007 election.
Royal was president of the Poitou-Charentes Regional Council from 2004 to 2014 ...
gave brief speeches.
Royal said, "Anti-Semitism has no place in France. I want to assure you of the unfailing determination of the French government to fight against all forms and acts of anti-Semitism."
Reactions
![Charliekosher](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Charliekosher.JPG)
President
François Hollande
François Gérard Georges Nicolas Hollande (; born 12 August 1954) is a French politician who served as President of France from 2012 to 2017. He previously was First Secretary of the Socialist Party (PS) from 1997 to 2008, Mayor of Tulle from ...
described the event as a "terrifying act of anti-Semitism."
Israel
Israel (; he, יִשְׂרָאֵל, ; ar, إِسْرَائِيل, ), officially the State of Israel ( he, מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל, label=none, translit=Medīnat Yīsrāʾēl; ), is a country in Western Asia. It is situated ...
's Foreign Affairs Minister
Avigdor Lieberman
Avigdor Lieberman (, ; russian: Эве́т Льво́вич Ли́берман, Evet Lvovich Liberman, ; born 5 June 1958) is a Soviet-born Israeli politician serving as Minister of Finance since 2021, having previously served twice as Deputy ...
issued a statement, saying the attacks "
erenot just against the French people or French Jews, they're against the entire free world. This is another attempt by the dark forces of radical Islam to unleash horror and terror on the West. The entire international community must stand strong and determined in the face of this terror."
Hamas
Hamas (, ; , ; an acronym of , "Islamic Resistance Movement") is a Palestinian Sunni-Islamic fundamentalist, militant, and nationalist organization. It has a social service wing, Dawah, and a military wing, the Izz ad-Din al-Qassam Bri ...
officially condemned the attack on Charlie Hebdo but was silent on the attack at the Hypercacher. Palestinian leader
Mahmoud Abbas
Mahmoud Abbas ( ar, مَحْمُود عَبَّاس, Maḥmūd ʿAbbās; born 15 November 1935), also known by the kunya Abu Mazen ( ar, أَبُو مَازِن, links=no, ), is the president of the State of Palestine and the Palestinian Natio ...
walked in the
Republican marches
The Republican marches (french: Marches républicaines) were a series of rallies that took place in cities across France on 10–11 January 2015 to honour the victims of the ''Charlie Hebdo'' shooting, the Montrouge shooting and the Porte de Vi ...
on 11 January 2015.
The
Facebook
Facebook is an online social media and social networking service owned by American company Meta Platforms. Founded in 2004 by Mark Zuckerberg with fellow Harvard College students and roommates Eduardo Saverin, Andrew McCollum, Dustin M ...
page of "''Al-Rasalah'' publication" praised the attackers. According to
Arutz Sheva
''Arutz Sheva'' ( he, ערוץ 7, lit=''Channel 7''), also known in English as ''Israel National News'', is an Israeli media network identifying with religious Zionism. It offers online news articles in Hebrew, English, and Russian as well as l ...
, the publication is linked to Hamas.
Lassana Bathily, a Muslim store worker who moved from
Mali
Mali (; ), officially the Republic of Mali,, , ff, 𞤈𞤫𞤲𞥆𞤣𞤢𞥄𞤲𞤣𞤭 𞤃𞤢𞥄𞤤𞤭, Renndaandi Maali, italics=no, ar, جمهورية مالي, Jumhūriyyāt Mālī is a landlocked country in West Africa. Mali ...
to France in 2006, was hailed as a "hero", a title he himself rejected.
[Paris kosher supermarket hero becoming French citizen](_blank)
''Jewish Telegraphic Agency'', 15 January 2015[The Associated Press]
Muslim who saved lives during attack on Paris kosher grocery awarded French citizenship
''Haaretz
''Haaretz'' ( , originally ''Ḥadshot Haaretz'' – , ) is an Israeli newspaper. It was founded in 1918, making it the longest running newspaper currently in print in Israel, and is now published in both Hebrew and English in the Berliner f ...
'', 20 January 2015 Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu expressed his appreciation for Bathily's actions.
Bathily was awarded French citizenship for his life-saving actions. On 20 January 2015, at a special ceremony in Paris, he was given his passport by the French prime minister,
Manuel Valls
Manuel Carlos Valls Galfetti (, , ; born 13 August 1962) is a French-Spanish politician who has served as a Barcelona city councillor from 2019 to 2021. He served as Prime Minister of France from 2014 until 2016 under president François Hol ...
, in person; the interior minister,
Bernard Cazeneuve
Bernard Guy Georges Cazeneuve (; born 2 June 1963) is a French politician and lawyer who served as Prime Minister of France from 6 December 2016 to 15 May 2017. A member of the Socialist Party, he represented Manche’s 5th constituency in the ...
, was also present.
A petition was also started to grant him the
Legion of Honour
The National Order of the Legion of Honour (french: Ordre national de la Légion d'honneur), formerly the Royal Order of the Legion of Honour ('), is the highest French order of merit, both military and civil. Established in 1802 by Napoleon, ...
.
On 24 March 2015, at a ceremony in
Los Angeles
Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the world' ...
, he was presented with the Medal of Valor of the
Simon Wiesenthal Center
The Simon Wiesenthal Center (SWC) is a Jewish human rights organization established in 1977 by Rabbi Marvin Hier. The center is known for Holocaust research and remembrance, hunting Nazi war criminals, combating anti-Semitism, tolerance educat ...
.
The manager of the kosher supermarket, 39-year-old Patrice Oalid, who was shot in the arm during the attack, announced he would move to Israel.
French comedian and political activist
Dieudonné M'bala M'bala
Dieudonné M'bala M'bala (; born 11 February 1966), generally known by his stage name Dieudo, is a French comedian, actor and political activist. He has been convicted for hate speech, advocating terrorism, and slander in Belgium, France and Sw ...
likened himself to
Amedy Coulibaly
Amedy Coulibaly (; 27 February 1982 – 9 January 2015) was a Malian-French man who was the prime suspect in the Montrouge shooting, in which municipal police officer Clarissa Jean-Philippe was shot and killed, and was the hostage-taker and gu ...
on Facebook, commenting that "I feel like Charlie Coulibaly."
[Dozens detained as France cracks down on hate speech and incitement](_blank)
World Jewish Congress
The World Jewish Congress (WJC) was founded in Geneva, Switzerland in August 1936 as an international federation of Jewish communities and organizations. According to its mission statement, the World Jewish Congress' main purpose is to act as ...
, 14 January 2015 As a result, he was detained and questioned by the French police.
Moreover, Paris prosecutor started a legal investigation due to his alleged "defense of terrorism".
[Dieudonné under investigation for Paris shootings remark](_blank)
''France 24
France 24 ( in French) is a French state-owned international news television network based in Paris. Its channels broadcast in French, English, Arabic, and Spanish and are aimed at the overseas market.
Based in the Paris suburb of Issy-les-M ...
'', 12 January 2015[Dieudonné : " Je me sens Charlie Coulibaly"](_blank)
CRIF, 13 January 2015 The French Prime Minister,
Manuel Valls
Manuel Carlos Valls Galfetti (, , ; born 13 August 1962) is a French-Spanish politician who has served as a Barcelona city councillor from 2019 to 2021. He served as Prime Minister of France from 2014 until 2016 under president François Hol ...
, stated, "Racism, antisemitism and the defense of terrorism are crimes," adding, "One should not confuse freedom of opinion and antisemitism." Moreover,
Bernard Cazeneuve
Bernard Guy Georges Cazeneuve (; born 2 June 1963) is a French politician and lawyer who served as Prime Minister of France from 6 December 2016 to 15 May 2017. A member of the Socialist Party, he represented Manche’s 5th constituency in the ...
, the Interior Minister, called Dieudonné's remark "contemptible."
The
Conseil représentatif des institutions juives de France
Conseil représentatif des institutions juives de France (CRIF) ( en, Representative Council of French Jewish Institutions) is an umbrella organization of other groups representing the interests of French Jews.
Overview
It is the official Frenc ...
(CRIF) also denounced Dieudonné's comment, and called for French theatres to block him from performing.
United States President
Barack Obama
Barack Hussein Obama II ( ; born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th president of the United States from 2009 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, Obama was the first African-American president of the U ...
stated deep concern about "a bunch of violent, vicious zealots who behead people or randomly shoot a bunch of folks in a deli in Paris." Some commentators criticized Obama's description of the attack as "random", arguing it downplayed the role of anti-semitism. One reporter asked government spokeswoman
Jen Psaki
Jennifer Rene Psaki (; born c. 1978) is an American television political analyst who currently works for MSNBC. Previously, she was a political advisor who served under both the Obama and Biden administrations. Immediately prior to working for ...
, “If a guy goes into a kosher market and starts shooting it up, you don’t – he’s not looking for Buddhists, is he?”
Aftermath
French Interior Minister
Bernard Cazeneuve
Bernard Guy Georges Cazeneuve (; born 2 June 1963) is a French politician and lawyer who served as Prime Minister of France from 6 December 2016 to 15 May 2017. A member of the Socialist Party, he represented Manche’s 5th constituency in the ...
attended the reopening of the market on 15 March.
2020 trial
On December 16, 2020, a French court convicted 14 accomplices after the three attackers for crimes ranging from financing terrorism to membership of a criminal gang in relation to the attacks.
However, three were convicted in absentia, including Hayat Boumeddiene, the former partner of Coulibaly.
Bouddiene would be convicted of financing terrorism and belonging to a criminal terrorist network, and received a sentence of 30 years in jail.
See also
*
Antisemitism in 21st-century France
Antisemitism in France has become heightened since the late 20th century and into the 21st century. In the early 21st century, most Jews in France, like most Muslims in France, are of North African origin. France has the largest population of Jew ...
*
Jewish Museum of Belgium shooting
On the afternoon of 24 May 2014, a gunman opened fire at the Jewish Museum of Belgium in Brussels, killing four people. Three of them, an Israeli couple on holiday and a French woman, died at the scene. The fourth victim, a Belgian employee of th ...
*
List of hostage crises
This is a list of notable hostage crises by date.
References
{{DEFAULTSORT:List Of Hostage Crises
+
Hostage crises
A hostage is a person seized by an abductor in order to compel another party, one which places a high value on the liber ...
*
Strasbourg Cathedral bombing plot
*
Toulouse and Montauban shootings
The Toulouse and Montauban shootings were a series of Islamist terrorism, Islamist terrorist attacksFoley, Frank. ''Countering Terrorism in Britain and France''. Cambridge University Press, 2013. p. 38. committed by Mohammed Merah in March 201 ...
*
2019 Jersey City shooting
On December 10, 2019, a shooting took place at a kosher grocery store in the Greenville section of Jersey City, New Jersey. Five people were killed at the store, including the two assailants, David N. Anderson and Francine Graham. Additionally ...
References
External links
*
French Police wanted poster featuring Coulibaly and Boumeddiene
{{Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant
Terrorist incidents in France in 2015
2015 in Judaism
2015 in Paris
Antisemitism in France
Charlie Hebdo shooting
Deaths by firearm in France
Filmed killings
Hostage taking in France
Islam and antisemitism
ISIL terrorist incidents in France
Attacks on shopping malls
Mass murder in 2015
Massacres in France
January 2015 Île-de-France attacks
Islamic terrorist incidents in 2015
Islamic terrorism in Paris
Antisemitic murders in 21st-century France
2015 mass shootings in Europe
20th arrondissement of Paris
Attacks on supermarkets