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Ericaceae
The Ericaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with c.4250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most species-rich family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (''Erica'', ''Cassiope'', ''Daboecia'', and ''Calluna'' for example). Description The Ericaceae contain a morphologically diverse range of taxa, including herbs, dwarf shrubs, shrubs, and trees. Their leaves are usually evergreen, alternate or whorled, simple and without stipules. Their flowers are hermaphrodite and show considerable variability. The petals are often fused (sympetalous) with shapes ranging from narrowly tubular to funnelform or widely urn-shaped. The corollas are usually ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotropoideae
Monotropoideae, sometimes referred to as monotropes, are a flowering plant subfamily in the family Ericaceae. Members of this subfamily are notable for their mycoheterotrophic and non-photosynthesizing or achlorophyllous characteristics. Description The overall morphology of these plants is highly reduced compared to other members of the Ericaceae, which are practically all subshrubs, shrubs, or trees. By contrast, the Monotropoideae are all herbaceous perennials, in which an annual shoot reemerges seasonally (in spring or early summer, depending on climate) from a perennial root. The shoot can be characterized as a single inflorescence or cluster of inflorescences, and is generally a raceme with one to many flowers per axis, though occasionally the raceme may be so reduced as to appear similar to a spike, and in ''Monotropa'', the inflorescence can take the form of a solitary flower. Notably, the shoots are achlorophyllous, in keeping with the mycoheterotrophic and non-photosynth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhododendron
''Rhododendron'' (; from Ancient Greek ''rhódon'' "rose" and ''déndron'' "tree") is a very large genus of about 1,024 species of woody plants in the heath family (Ericaceae). They can be either evergreen or deciduous. Most species are native to eastern Asia and the Himalayan region, but smaller numbers occur elsewhere in Asia, and in North America, Europe and Australia. It is the national flower of Nepal, the state flower of Washington and West Virginia in the United States, the state flower of Nagaland in India, the provincial flower of Jiangxi in China and the state tree of Sikkim and Uttarakhand in India. Most species have brightly colored flowers which bloom from late winter through to early summer. Azaleas make up two subgenera of ''Rhododendron''. They are distinguished from "true" rhododendrons by having only five anthers per flower. Species Description ''Rhododendron'' is a genus of shrubs and small to (rarely) large trees, the smallest species growing to t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Epacridoideae
Epacridoideae is a subfamily of the family Ericaceae. The name Styphelioideae Sweet is also used. The subfamily contains around 35 genera and 545 species. Many species are found in Australasia, others occurring northwards through the Pacific to Southeast Asia, with a small number in South America. Description The Epacridoideae form a well supported monophyletic group within the family Ericaceae, clearly diagnosable using a combination of morphological characters. These include a lignified leaf epidermis, dry, membrane-like (scarious) bracts on the inflorescence, and a persistent corolla. The stamens are also distinctive: there are fewer than twice the number of corolla lobes and their filaments are smooth. Some of these characters are individually present in other members of the family Ericaceae. Core members of the subfamily (i.e. excluding Prionoteae) also have parallel- or somewhat palmate-veined leaves and lack multicellular hairs. Taxonomy In 1810, Robert Brown treated the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erica (plant)
''Erica'' is a genus of roughly 857 species of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae. The English common names heath and heather are shared by some closely related genera of similar appearance. The genus ''Calluna'' was formerly included in ''Erica'' – it differs in having even smaller scale-leaves (less than 2–3 mm long), and the flower corolla consisting of separate petals. ''Erica'' is sometimes referred to as "winter (or spring) heather" to distinguish it from ''Calluna'' "summer (or autumn) heather". Etymology The Latin word ''erica'' means "heath" or "broom". It is believed that Pliny adapted ''erica'' from Ancient Greek ἐρείκη. The expected Anglo-Latin pronunciation, , may be given in dictionaries (''OED'': "Erica"), but is more commonly heard. Description Most of the species of ''Erica'' are small shrubs from high, though some are taller; the tallest are '' E. arborea'' (tree heath) and '' E. scoparia'' (besom heath), both of which can reach up ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enkianthoideae
''Enkianthus'' is a genus of shrubs or small trees in the heath family (Ericaceae). Its native range is in Asia, as far west as the eastern Himalayas, as far south as Indochina, and as far north and east as China and Japan. This genus is considered cladistically the most basal member of the Ericaceae, that is, the descendant of the common ancestor of that Ericaceae that branched earliest from the rest of that family. It is classified as the sole member of the subfamily Enkianthoideae. Species Twelve to fifteen species are included in the genus by various authors.Sarwar, A. and H. Takahashi (2006)Pollen morphology of ''Enkianthus'' (Ericaceae) and its taxonomic significance.''Grana'' 45 161-74. Species include:''Enkianthus''. BioLib.cz. Cultivation Several species are found in cultivation, notably ''E. campanu ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pyroloideae
Pyroloideae is a family (biology), subfamily of plants in the family Ericaceae. It was formerly treated as a separate family, Pyrolaceae.Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards).Ericaceae ''Angiosperm Phylogeny Website''. Retrieved 2014-12-29. It has also been treated as the tribe Pyroleae within the subfamily Monotropoideae. It consists of four genera: ''Chimaphila'' containing 5 species, ''Pyrola'' containing 30 species and ''Moneses'' and ''Orthilia'' which are monotypic. They are mixotrophic, gaining nutrition from photosynthesis, but also from mycorrhizal fungi. Genera list References Pyroloideae, Asterid subfamilies {{Ericaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harrimanelloideae
''Harrimanella'' is a genus of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae, with a single species, ''Harrimanella hypnoides'', also known as moss bell heather or mos heather. It was originally named ''Cassiope hypnoides'' by Linnaeus (1737) in his Flora Lapponica, but ''Harrimanella hypnoides'' is now the accepted name at Integrated Taxonomic Information System. The species name ''hypnoides'' means 'like ''Hypnum'' ', which is a genus mosses. The plant is a cold hardy dicot perennial found growing on rock crevices in the Canadian arctic, Quebec, the Northeastern United States, Greenland, Iceland, the mountains of Norway, Sweden and Finland, Svalbard and arctic Russia, including the Ural mountains The Ural Mountains ( ; rus, Ура́льские го́ры, r=Uralskiye gory, p=ʊˈralʲskʲɪjə ˈɡorɨ; ba, Урал тауҙары) or simply the Urals, are a mountain range that runs approximately from north to south through western .... ''Harrimanella hypnoides'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daboecia
''Daboecia'' , or St. Dabeoc's heath, is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Ericaceae, containing two evergreen shrubs, closely related to the genus ''Erica''. They are native to cliffs and heathland in southern Atlantic Europe and the Azores. Description They produce urn-shaped flowers in shades of white, pink and red. ''Daboecia'' differ from European ''Erica'' species in having a substantially larger corolla. The leaves are always alternate in ''Daboecia'', never whorled. The generic name comes from the Irish Saint Dabheog. Distribution ''Daboecia'' has an oceanic distribution in western Europe, including western Ireland, western France, northwestern Spain, northwestern mainland Portugal and the Central Group of the Azores. Like ''Erica'' and ''Calluna'' species, ''Daboecia'' are calcifuges, but will tolerate neutral soils and avoid peat. Species * ''Daboecia azorica'' Tutin & E. F. Warb. * ''Daboecia cantabrica'' (Huds.) K. Koch (Irish heath) Some botanists re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arbutoideae
The Arbutoideae are a subfamily in the plant family Ericaceae. Phylogenetic analysis supported all genera of the subfamily as monophyletic, except ''Arbutus''. Moreover, it was suggested that the non-sister relationship between Mediterranean and North American species may be explained by a once widespread distribution in the Northern hemisphere before the Neogene. The genera ''Arbutus'', ''Arctostaphylos'', ''Comarostaphylis'' form a particular type of mycorrhizal symbiosis with the fungus, '' Arbutoid mycorrhiza'', which resembles ectomycorrhiza An ectomycorrhiza (from Greek ἐκτός ', "outside", μύκης ', "fungus", and ῥίζα ', "root"; pl. ectomycorrhizas or ectomycorrhizae, abbreviated EcM) is a form of symbiotic relationship that occurs between a fungal symbiont, or mycobi ...s. Genera List References External links * Arbutoideae in the Flora of North America Asterid subfamilies {{Ericaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ericoideae
Ericoideae is a subfamily of Ericaceae, containing nineteen genera, and 1,790 species, the largest of which is ''Rhododendron'', followed by Erica. The Ericoideae bear spiral leaves with flat laminae. The pedicel is articulated and the flowers are pendulous or erect, and monosymmetric, with an abaxial median sepal. The carpels are free and the anthers lack appendages. The capsule is septicidal. Subdivision , the NCBI Taxonomy Browser recognized five tribes: * Tribe Bryantheae ** Genera: ''Bryanthus'' – ''Ledothamnus'' * Tribe Empetreae ** Genera: ''Ceratiola'' – ''Corema'' – ''Empetrum'' (plus ''Diplarche'', treated as a synonym of ''Rhododendron'' by Plants of the World Online) * Tribe Ericeae ** Genera: ''Calluna'' – ''Daboecia'' – ''Erica'' (plus ''Bruckenthalia'', treated as a synonym of ''Erica'' by Plants of the World Online) * Tribe Phyllodoceae ** Genera: ''Bejaria'' – '' Elliottia'' – ''Epigaea'' – ''Kalmia''& ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vaccinioideae
Vaccinioideae is a flowering-plant subfamily in the family Ericaceae. It contains the commercially important cranberry, blueberry, bilberry, lingonberry, and huckleberry. Taxonomy *Tribe: Andromedeae **Genera: '' Andromeda'' - ''Zenobia''https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenobia_(plant) *Tribe: Gaultherieae **Genera: '' Chamaedaphne'' - '' Diplycosia'' - ''Gaultheria'' - '' Leucothoe'' - ''Pernettya'' - '' Pernettyopsis'' - ''Tepuia'' *Tribe: Lyonieae **Genera: '' Agarista'' - '' Craibiodendron'' - '' Lyonia'' - '' Pieris'' *Tribe: Oxydendreae **Genera: ''Oxydendrum'' *Tribe: Vaccinieae **Genera: '' Agapetes'' - ''Anthopteropsis'' - ''Anthopterus'' - '' Calopteryx'' - ''Cavendishia'' - ''Ceratostema'' - '' Costera'' - '' Demosthenesia'' - '' Didonica'' - ''Dimorphanthera'' - '' Diogenesia'' - '' Disterigma'' - ''Gaylussacia'' - '' Gonocalyx'' - ''Macleania''&nbs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huckleberry
Huckleberry is a name used in North America for several plants in the family Ericaceae, in two closely related genera: ''Vaccinium'' and ''Gaylussacia''. The huckleberry is the state fruit of Idaho. Nomenclature The name 'huckleberry' is a North American variation of the English dialectal name variously called 'hurtleberry' or 'whortleberry' () for the Vaccinium myrtillus, bilberry. In North America the name was applied to numerous plant variations all bearing small berries with colors that may be red, blue or black. It is the common name for various ''Gaylussacia'' species, and some ''Vaccinium'' species, such as ''Vaccinium parvifolium'', the ''red huckleberry'', and is also applied to other ''Vaccinium'' species which may also be called blueberry, blueberries depending upon local custom, as in New England and parts of Appalachia. Taxonomy ''Gaylussacia'' Four species of huckleberries in the genus ''Gaylussacia'' are common in eastern North America, especially Gaylussacia b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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