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Baeomycetales
The Baeomycetales are an order of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the subclass Ostropomycetidae, in the class Lecanoromycetes. It contains 8 families, 33 genera and about 170 species. As a result of molecular phylogenetics research published in the late 2010s, several orders were folded into the Baeomycetales, resulting in a substantial increase in the number of taxa. Taxonomy The family Baeomycetaceae was originally proposed by Barthélemy Charles Joseph Dumortier in 1829 (under the spelling ''Baeomyceae''); he included two genera, ''Baeomyces'' and ''Calicium''. Baeomycetaceae was initially classified in the Lecanorales, and Baeomycetaceae and Cladoniaceae were thought to be closely related, sharing a phylogenetic origin in Lecideaceae. It was transferred to the order Helotiales based on the structure of its ascus, which is similar to those in genus '' Leotia''. However, the Helotiales consists of mostly non-lichenised fungi. The first DNA studies conducted with ''Baeomyces ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trapeliaceae
Trapeliaceae is a family of lichens in the order Baeomycetales. The family contains 12 genera and about 125 species. Taxonomy Trapeliaceae was originally circumscribed by French lichenologist Maurice Choisy in 1929. Hannes Hertel emended the family in 1970. Because of similarities in ascus structure, the family was originally classified in the Agyriineae, a suborder of the Lecanorales. Preliminary molecular phylogenetic studies showed that Agyriineae was not related to the Lecanorales, and the order Agyriales was resurrected to contain the family. Some authorities considered Trapeliaceae to be synonymous with Agyriaceae. In 2007, Thorsten Lumbsch and colleagues transferred Trapeliaceae to the order Baeomycetales based on a sister relationship between Trapeliaceae and a clade in the Baeomycetales. This placement contradicted the results of some previous phylogenetic analyses that showed the Trapeliaceae as neither sister nor contained within the Baeomycetales. In 2011, Bren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arctomiaceae
The Arctomiaceae are a family of lichenized fungi in the Ascomycota, class Baeomycetales. The family was named by Theodor Magnus Fries in 1861, with '' Arctomia'' as the type genus. Species in this family are found in arctic and subarctic habitats, usually associated with bryophytes. Classification The order Arctomiales was proposed by Soili Stenroos, Jolanta Miadlikowska, and François Lutzoni in 2014 to contain this family. In 2018, the class Lecanoromycetes was revised using a temporal approach that uses time-calibrated chronograms to define temporal bands for comparable ranks for orders and families. In this work, the orders Arctomiales, Hymeneliales, and Trapeliales were synonymized with Baeomycetales. In a subsequent review of the use of this method for biological classification of lichens, Robert Lücking Robert Lücking (born 1964) is a German lichenologist. He is a leading expert on foliicolous lichens–lichens that live on leaves. Life and career Born in Ulm in 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cameroniaceae
''Cameronia'' is a genus of crustose lichens in the monotypic family Cameroniaceae. It has two species. Both the genus and its two species were described as new to science in 2011 by Australian lichenologist Gintaras Kantvilas. Characteristics of the genus include its chlorococcalean photobiont partner, and perithecioid ascomata that are deeply immersed in the substrate. Microscopic features of ''Cameronia'' include the four-spored asci with an intensely hemiamyloid outer wall and non-amyloid, well-developed tholus (the thickened inner part of the ascus tip), and hyaline, muriform ascospores (i.e., divided into multiple chambers by transverse and longitudinal septa). Both species are endemic to the Tasmanian Highlands. The family Cameroniaceae was proposed by Kantvilas and H. Thorsten Lumbsch a year later, after molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that ''Cameronia'' belonged in the Ostropomycetidae. It was originally placed in this subclass with an uncertain (incertae s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baeomyces
''Baeomyces'' is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Baeomycetaceae. Members of ''Baeomyces'' are commonly called cap lichens. The genus was circumscribed by German mycologist Christiaan Hendrik Persoon in 1794. Although Persoon did not designate a type species in his original description of the genus, Frederick Clements and Cornelius Lott Shear assigned '' Baeomyces byssoides'' as the type in 1931. Species , Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life The Catalogue of Life is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic Info ...) accepts 6 species of ''Baeomyces''. * '' Baeomyces byssoides'' * '' Baeomyces carneus'' * '' Baeomyces heteromorphus'' * '' Baeomyces lotiformis'' – China * '' Baeomyces placophyllus'' * '' Baeomyces rufus'' References Baeomycetales Baeomycetales genera Lichen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Xylographaceae
''Xylographaceae'' is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Baeomycetales. It contains four genera and 25 species. Taxonomy The family was circumscribed in 1888 by American lichenologist Edward Tuckerman (as "Xylographei"). His concept of the family included only ''Agyrium'', and the type genus, '' Xylographa''. In 1929, British lichenologist Walter Watson published a system of lichen classification and included the genera '' Lithographa'', '' Ptychographa'', and '' Encephalographa'' in the Xylographaceae, leaving out ''Agyrium''. After that, the family was rarely used until it was resurrected in 2015 following molecular phylogenetic analysis of trapelioid fungi in the subclass Ostropomycetidae. In this analysis, it was determined that trapelioid taxa fall into two major phylogenetic groups; the first group – containing the genera ''Rimularia'', ''Placynthiella'', ''Trapeliopsis'', ''Trapelia'', and ''Placopsis'' – are part of the family Trapeliaceae. The remaining t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hymeneliaceae
Hymeneliaceae is a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Baeomycetales. It contains three genera and about 40 species. The family was circumscribed by German lichenologist Gustav Wilhelm Körber in 1855. Lichens in the Hymeneliaceae are saxicolous (rock-dwelling) and crustose, occurring predominantly in the cool-temperate climates to subarctic climate The subarctic climate (also called subpolar climate, or boreal climate) is a climate with long, cold (often very cold) winters, and short, warm to cool summers. It is found on large landmasses, often away from the moderating effects of an ocean, ge ...s of both the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Genera *'' Hymenelia'' – 26 spp. *'' Ionaspis'' – 7 spp. *'' Tremolecia'' – 6 spp. References Baeomycetales Lecanoromycetes families Lichen families Taxa named by Gustav Wilhelm Körber Taxa described in 1855 {{Lecanoromycetes-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baeomyces Rufus
''Baeomyces rufus'', commonly known as the brown beret lichen, is a fruticose lichen belonging to the cap lichen family, Baeomycetaceae. The species was first described by J.F Rebentisch in 1804. Like other lichens, it is a symbiosis between a fungus and an alga. Taxonomy William Hudson described this species as ''Lichen rufus'' in 1762. The similar-appearing lichen ''D. baeomyces'' was formerly identified as ''Baeomyces roseus''; it was not until 1997 that a study by Soili Stenroos and Paula DePriest used DNA sequencing to establish that the species now called ''Dibaeis baeomyces'' did not belong to the genus ''Baeomyces''. ''B. rufus'' was the lichen representing genus ''Baeomyces'' whose DNA was sequenced for comparison with ''B. roseus''/''D. baeomyces''. Description ''B. rufus'' is characterized by bulbous apothecia which may vary from reddish brown to orange to pink, and which become translucent when wet; they may reach a maximum diameter of 2 mm, atop stalks no tal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lecanoromycetes
Lecanoromycetes is the largest class of lichenized fungi. It belongs to the subphylum Pezizomycotina in the phylum Ascomycota. The asci (spore-bearing cells) of the Lecanoromycetes most often release spores by rostrate dehiscence. Genera of uncertain placement The are several genera in the Lecanoromycetes that have not been placed into any order or family. These are: *''Argopsis'' – 1 sp. *''Ascographa ''Ascographa'' is a genus of fungi in the Helotiales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (''incertae sedis''), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family. This is a monotypic In b ...'' - 1 sp. *'' Bartlettiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Bouvetiella'' – 1 sp. *'' Buelliastrum'' – 1 sp. *'' Haploloma'' – 1 sp. *'' Hosseusia'' – 3 spp. *'' Korfiomyces'' – 1 sp. *'' Maronella'' – 1 sp. *'' Notolecidea'' – 1 sp. *'' Petractis'' – 3 spp. *'' Piccolia'' – 10 spp. *'' Ravenelula'' – 2 spp. *'' R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostropomycetidae
The Ostropomycetidae are a subclass of mostly lichen-forming fungi in the class Lecanoromycetes. The subclass was circumscribed in 2004 by Catherine Reeb, François M. Lutzoni, and Claude Roux. It contains ten orders and 36 families. Arctomiaceae is the only family in the Ostropomycetidae that associates with cyanobacteria of the order Nostocales as its main photobiont partner. Taxa of uncertain classification The following taxa are of uncertain classification (incertae sedis ' () or ''problematica'' is a term used for a taxonomic group where its broader relationships are unknown or undefined. Alternatively, such groups are frequently referred to as "enigmatic taxa". In the system of open nomenclature, uncertainty ...) in the Ostropomycetidae: Family incertae sedis: * Epigloeaceae Genera incertae sedis: *'' Amphorothecium'' – 1 sp. *'' Anzina'' – 1 sp. *'' Aspilidea'' – 1 sp. *'' Bachmanniomyces'' – 8 spp. *'' Dictyocatenulata'' – 1 sp. *'' Malvinia'' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taxa
In biology, a taxon (back-formation from ''taxonomy''; plural taxa) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit. Although neither is required, a taxon is usually known by a particular name and given a particular ranking, especially if and when it is accepted or becomes established. It is very common, however, for taxonomists to remain at odds over what belongs to a taxon and the criteria used for inclusion. If a taxon is given a formal scientific name, its use is then governed by one of the nomenclature codes specifying which scientific name is correct for a particular grouping. Initial attempts at classifying and ordering organisms (plants and animals) were set forth in Carl Linnaeus's system in ''Systema Naturae'', 10th edition (1758), as well as an unpublished work by Bernard and Antoine Laurent de Jussieu. The idea of a unit-based system of biological classification was first made widely available in 1805 in the int ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lineage (evolution)
An evolutionary lineage is a temporal series of populations, organisms, cells, or genes connected by a continuous line of descent from ancestor to descendant.The Oxford English Dictionary defines biological lineage as "a sequence of species each of which is considered to have evolved from its predecessorOED definition of lineage/ref> Lineages are subsets of the evolutionary tree of life. Lineages are often determined by the techniques of molecular systematics. Phylogenetic representation of lineages 299x299px, A rooted tree of life into three ancient monophyletic lineages: bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes">archaea.html" ;"title="bacteria, archaea">bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes based on rRNA genes Lineages are typically visualized as subsets of a phylogenetic tree. A lineage is a single line of descent or linear chain within the tree, while a clade is a (usually branched) monophyletic group, containing a single ancestor and all its descendants. Phylogenetic trees are typica ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
