AMD processors

The following is a list of AMD CPU microarchitectures.

Nomenclature

Historically, AMD's CPU families were given a "K-number" (which originally stood for Kryptonite, an allusion to the Superman comic book character's fatal weakness) starting with their first internal x86 CPU design, the K5, to represent generational changes. AMD has not used K-nomenclature codenames in official AMD documents and press releases since the beginning of 2005, when ''K8'' described the Athlon 64 processor family. AMD now refers to the codename K8 processors as the ''Family 0Fh'' processors. 10h and 0Fh refer to the main result of the CPUID x86 processor instruction. In hexadecimal numbering, 0F(h) (where the ''h'' represents hexadecimal numbering) equals the decimal number 15, and 10(h) equals the decimal number 16. (The "K10h" form that sometimes pops up is an improper hybrid of the "K" code and ''Family XXh'' identifier number.)

The Family hexadecimal identifier number can be determined for a particular processor using the freeware system profiling application CPU-Z, which shows the Family number in the ''Ext. Family'' field of the application, as can be seen on various screenshots on th
CPU-Z Validator World Records
website.

x86 microarchitectures

Below is a list of microarchitectures many of which have codenames associated:

* AMD K5 – AMD's first original x86 microarchitecture. The ''K5'' was based on the AMD Am29k micro architecture with the addition of an x86 decoder. Although the design was similar in idea to a Pentium Pro, the actual performance was more like that of a Pentium.
* AMD K6 – the ''K6'' was not based on the ''K5'' and was instead based on the Nx686 processor that was being designed by NexGen when that company was bought by AMD. The ''K6'' was generally pin-compatible with the Intel Pentium (unlike NexGen's existing processors).
** AMD K6-2 – an improved ''K6'' with the addition of the 3DNow! SIMD instructions.
** AMD K6-III Sharptooth – a further improved ''K6'' with three levels of cache – 64 KB L1, 256 KB full-speed on-die L2, and a variable (up to 2 MB) L3.
* AMD K7 Athlon – microarchitecture of the AMD Athlon classic and Athlon XP microprocessors. Was a very advanced design for its day. First generation was built with a separate L2-cache chip on a board inserted into a slot ( A) and introduced extended MMX. The second generation returned to the traditional socket form factor with fully integrated L2-cache running at full speed. The third generation, branded as XP, introduced full support for SSE.
* AMD K8 Hammer – also known as ''AMD Family 0Fh''. Based on the ''K7'' but was designed around a 64-bit ISA, added an integrated memory controller, HyperTransport communication fabric, L2 cache sizes up to 1  MB (1128 KB total cache), and SSE2. Later ''K8'' added SSE3. The ''K8'' was the first mainstream Windows-compatible 64-bit microprocessor and was released April 22, 2003. ''K8'' replaced the traditional front-side bus with a HyperTransport communication fabric. ''SledgeHammer'' was the first design which implemented it.
*AMD K9 – unfinished successor to K8. The codename was recycled at least once until ultimately being dropped before any public mention of it.
* AMD Family 10h (K10) – based on the ''K8'' microarchitecture. Shared Level 3 Cache, 128-bit floating point units, AMD-V Nested Paging virtualization, and HyperTransport 3.0 are introduced. ''Barcelona'' was the first design which implemented it.
* AMD Family 11h – combined elements of ''K8'' and ''K10'' designs for Turion X2 Ultra / Puma mobile platform.
* AMD Fusion Family 12h – based on the ''10h/K10'' design. Includes CPU cores, GPU and Northbridge in the same chip. ''Llano'' was the first design which implemented it. ''Fusion'' was later re-branded as the '' APU''.
* AMD Bobcat Family 14h – a new distinct line, which is aimed in the 1  W to 10 W low power microprocessor category. ''Ontario'' and ''Zacate'' were the first designs which implemented it.
** AMD Jaguar Family 16h – the successor to ''Bobcat''. ''Kabini'' and ''Temash''. CPUID model numbers are 00h-0Fh.
** AMD Puma Family 16h (2nd-gen) – the successor to ''Jaguar''. ''Beema'' and ''Mullins''. CPUID model numbers are 30h-3Fh.
* AMD Bulldozer Family 15h – the successor to ''10h/K10''. ''Bulldozer'' is designed for processors in the 10 to 220  W category, implementing XOP, FMA4 and CVT16 instruction sets. ''Orochi'' was the first design which implemented it. For Bulldozer, CPUID model numbers are 00h and 01h.
** AMD Piledriver Family 15h (2nd-gen) – second generation ''Bulldozer'' (First optimisation). CPUID model numbers are 02h (earliest "Vishera" Piledrivers) and 10h-1Fh.
** AMD Steamroller Family 15h (3rd-gen) – third-generation ''Bulldozer'' (Second optimisation and die shrink to 28 nm). CPUID model numbers are 30h-3Fh.
** AMD Excavator Family 15h (4th-gen) – fourth-generation ''Bulldozer'' (Final optimisation). CPUID model numbers are 60h-6Fh, later updated revisions have model numbers 70h-7Fh.
* AMD Zen Family 17h – the successor to ''Bulldozer''. First AMD architecture to implement simultaneous multithreading and Infinity Fabric. Based on 14 nm process, included in the Ryzen CPU line.
** AMD Zen+ Family 17h – second generation ''Zen'' architecture (optimisation and die shrink to 12 nm).
** AMD Zen 2 Family 17h – successor to the ''Zen'' and ''Zen+'' architectures based on 7 nm process, first architecture designed around chiplet technology.
** AMD Zen 3 Family 19h – architecture in the optimised 7 nm process, successor to the ''Zen 2'' architecture.
** AMD Zen 3+ – 2022 revision of ''Zen 3'' used in Ryzen 6000 mobile processors using a 6 nm process.
** AMD Zen 4 Family 19h – successor to the ''Zen 3'' architecture, in 5 nm process. Used in Ryzen 7000 consumer processors on the new AM5 platform with DDR5 and PCIe 5.0 support. Adds support for AVX-512 instruction set.
** AMD Zen 5 – successor to the ''Zen 4'' architecture, planned in 3 nm.

Other microarchitectures

* AMD Am2900 – Bit-slice architecture designed in 1975.
* AMD Am29000 – Popular line of 32-bit RISC microprocessors and microcontrollers.
* AMD K12 – ARM64/ARMv8-A

See also

* List of Intel CPU microarchitectures
* List of AMD processors
* Table of AMD processors
* Transient execution CPU vulnerability

References

External links

AMD website

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Lists of microprocessors