L01A
Alkylating agent Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). Alkylating agents are reagents for effecting al ...
s

L01AA
Nitrogen mustard Nitrogen mustards are cytotoxic organic compounds with the chloroethylamine (Cl(CH2)2NR2) functional group. Although originally produced as chemical warfare agents, they were the first chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of cancer. Nitrogen m ...
analogues

:L01AA01

Cyclophosphamide Cyclophosphamide (CP), also known as cytophosphane among other names, is a medication used as chemotherapy and to suppress the immune system. As chemotherapy it is used to treat lymphoma, multiple myeloma, leukemia, ovarian cancer, breast cancer ...

:L01AA02 Chlorambucil :L01AA03

Melphalan Melphalan, sold under the brand name Alkeran among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat multiple myeloma, ovarian cancer, melanoma, and AL amyloidosis. It is taken by mouth or by injection into a vein. Common side effects include ...

:L01AA05 Chlormethine :L01AA06

Ifosfamide Ifosfamide (IFO), sold under the brand name Ifex among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes testicular cancer, soft tissue sarcoma, osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, small cell lung cancer, ...

:L01AA07 Trofosfamide :L01AA08

Prednimustine Prednimustine, sold under the brand names Mostarina and Sterecyst, is a medication which is used in chemotherapy in the treatment of leukemias and lymphomas. It is the ester formed from two other drugs, prednisolone and chlorambucil. Rarely, it h ...

:L01AA09

Bendamustine Bendamustine, sold under the brand name Treanda among others, is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), multiple myeloma, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given by injection into a vein. Common s ...

:L01AA10 Melphalan flufenamide

L01AB Alkyl sulfonates

:L01AB01

Busulfan Busulfan (Myleran, GlaxoSmithKline, Busulfex IV, Otsuka America Pharmaceutical, Inc.) is a chemotherapy drug in use since 1959. It is a cell cycle non-specific alkylating antineoplastic agent, in the class of alkyl sulfonates. Its chemical ...

:L01AB02

Treosulfan Treosulfan, sold under the brand name Trecondi, is a medication given to people before they have a bone marrow transplant from a donor known as allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It is used as a 'conditioning' treatment to clea ...

:L01AB03 Mannosulfan

L01AC Ethylene imines

:L01AC01

Thiotepa Thiotepa (INN), sold under the brand name Tepadina, is a medication used to treat cancer. Thiotepa is an organophosphorus compound with the formula (C2H4N)3PS. It is an analog of ''N'',''N′'',''N′′''-triethylenephosphoramide ( ...

:L01AC02 Triaziquone :L01AC03 Carboquone

L01AD
Nitrosourea Nitrosourea is both the name of a molecule, and a class of compounds that include a nitroso (R-NO) group and a urea. Examples Examples include: * Arabinopyranosyl-''N''-methyl-''N''-nitrosourea (Aranose) * Carmustine (BCNU, BiCNU) * Chlorozot ...
s

:L01AD01 Carmustine :L01AD02

Lomustine Lomustine (INN); abbreviated as CCNU; original brand name CeeNU, now marketed as Gleostine) is an alkylating nitrosourea compound used in chemotherapy. It is closely related to semustine and is in the same family as streptozotocin. It is a high ...

:L01AD03

Semustine Semustine (1- (2-Chloroethyl)-3-(trans-4-methylcyclohexyl)- 1-nitrosourea, MeCCNU) is an alkylating nitrosourea compound used in chemotherapy treatment of various types of tumours. Due to its lipophilic property, semustine can cross the blood-bra ...

:L01AD04

Streptozocin Streptozotocin or streptozocin (INN, USP) (STZ) is a naturally occurring alkylating antineoplastic agent that is particularly toxic to the insulin-producing beta cells of the pancreas in mammals. It is used in medicine for treating certain canc ...

:L01AD05

Fotemustine Fotemustine is a nitrosourea alkylating agent used in the treatment of metastatic melanoma. It is available in Europe but has not been approved by the United States FDA. A study has shown that fotemustine produces improved response rates and but ...

:L01AD06

Nimustine Nimustine () is a nitrosourea alkylating agent Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivale ...

:L01AD07

Ranimustine Ranimustine (INN, marketed under the tradename Cymerin; also known as MCNU) is a nitrosourea alkylating agent approved in Japan for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia and polycythemia vera. It has never been filed for FDA evaluation ...

:L01AD08

Uramustine Uramustine (INN) or uracil mustard is a chemotherapy drug which belongs to the class of alkylating agents. It is used in lymphatic malignancies such as non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It works by damaging DNA, primarily in cancer cells that preferentia ...

L01AG
Epoxide In organic chemistry, an epoxide is a cyclic ether () with a three-atom ring. This ring approximates an equilateral triangle, which makes it strained, and hence highly reactive, more so than other ethers. They are produced on a large scale for ...
s

:L01AG01 Etoglucid

L01AX Other alkylating agents

:L01AX01

Mitobronitol Mitobronitol (1,6-dibromo-1,6-dideoxy-D-mannitol) is a brominated analog of mannitol. It is an anticancer drug that is classified as an alkylating agent Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may ...

:L01AX02 Pipobroman :L01AX03

Temozolomide Temozolomide (TMZ), sold under the brand name Temodar among others, is a medication used to treat brain tumors such as glioblastoma and anaplastic astrocytoma. Text was copied from this source which is © European Medicines Agency. Reproduction ...

:L01AX04

Dacarbazine Dacarbazine (DTIC), also known as imidazole carboxamide, is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of melanoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma. For Hodgkin's it is often used together with vinblastine, bleomycin, and doxorubicin. It is given ...

L01B
Antimetabolite An antimetabolite is a chemical that inhibits the use of a metabolite, which is another chemical that is part of normal metabolism. Such substances are often similar in structure to the metabolite that they interfere with, such as the antifolate ...
s

L01BA
Folic acid Folate, also known as vitamin B9 and folacin, is one of the B vitamins. Manufactured folic acid, which is converted into folate by the body, is used as a dietary supplement and in food fortification as it is more stable during processing and ...
analogues

:L01BA01

Methotrexate Methotrexate (MTX), formerly known as amethopterin, is a chemotherapy agent and immune-system suppressant. It is used to treat cancer, autoimmune diseases, and ectopic pregnancies. Types of cancers it is used for include breast cancer, leuke ...

:L01BA03 Raltitrexed :L01BA04

Pemetrexed Pemetrexed, sold under the brand name Alimta among others, is a chemotherapy medication for the treatment of pleural mesothelioma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).. It is available as a generic medication. Medical use In February 2004 ...

:L01BA05

Pralatrexate Pralatrexate, sold under the brand name Folotyn, is a medication used for the treatment of relapsed or refractory peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL). Pralatrexate was approved for medical use in the United States in September 2009, as the first t ...

L01BB
Purine Purine is a heterocyclic compound, heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings (pyrimidine and imidazole) fused together. It is water-soluble. Purine also gives its name to the wider class of molecules, purines, which includ ...
analogues

:L01BB02

Mercaptopurine Mercaptopurine (6-MP), sold under the brand name Purinethol among others, is a medication used for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Specifically it is used to treat acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), Crohn's di ...

:L01BB03

Tioguanine Tioguanine, also known as thioguanine or 6-thioguanine (6-TG) is a medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Long-term use is not recommended. It is given by mouth. ...

:L01BB04

Cladribine Cladribine, sold under the brand name Leustatin, among others, is a medication used to treat hairy cell leukemia (leukemic reticuloendotheliosis) and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cladribine, sold under the brand name Mavenclad, is indicate ...

:L01BB05

Fludarabine Fludarabine is a purine analogue and antineoplastic agent. It is generally used as its 5-O-phosphorylated form known as fludarabine phosphate, sold under the brand name Fludara among others. It is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatmen ...

:L01BB06

Clofarabine Clofarabine is a purine nucleoside antimetabolite marketed in the United States and Canada as Clolar. In Europe and Australia/New Zealand the product is marketed under the name Evoltra. It is FDA-approved for treating relapsed or refractory acute ...

:L01BB07

Nelarabine Nelarabine, sold under the brand names Arranon (US) and Atriance (EU), is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatment of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL). Nelarabine is a prodrug of arab ...

:QL01BB90 Rabacfosadine

L01BC
Pyrimidine Pyrimidine (; ) is an aromatic, heterocyclic, organic compound similar to pyridine (). One of the three diazines (six-membered heterocyclics with two nitrogen atoms in the ring), it has nitrogen atoms at positions 1 and 3 in the ring. The other ...
analogues

:L01BC01

Cytarabine Cytarabine, also known as cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), is a chemotherapy medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. It is given by in ...

:L01BC02

Fluorouracil Fluorouracil (5-FU), sold under the brand name Adrucil among others, is a cytotoxic chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. By intravenous injection it is used for treatment of colorectal cancer, oesophageal cancer, stomach cancer, pancreat ...

:L01BC03

Tegafur Tegafur is a chemotherapeutic prodrug of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) used in the treatment of cancers. It is a component of the combination drug tegafur/uracil. When metabolised, it becomes 5-FU. It was patented in 1967 and approved for medical use in ...

:L01BC04

Carmofur Carmofur (INN) or HCFU (1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil) is a pyrimidine analogue used as an antineoplastic agent. It is a derivative of fluorouracil, being a lypophilic-masked analog of 5-FU that can be administered orally. Biology Carmofur pr ...

:L01BC05

Gemcitabine Gemcitabine, with brand names including Gemzar, is a chemotherapy medication. It treats cancers including testicular cancer, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, and bladder cancer. It is administered by i ...

:L01BC06

Capecitabine Capecitabine, sold under the brand name Xeloda among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat breast cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. For breast cancer it is often used together with docetaxel. It is taken by mouth. Comm ...

:L01BC07

Azacitidine Azacitidine, sold under the brand name Vidaza among others, is used for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloid leukemia, and juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia. It is a chemical analog of cytidine, a nucleoside in DNA and RNA. Azacit ...

:L01BC08

Decitabine Decitabine, sold under the brand name Dacogen among others, acts as a nucleic acid synthesis inhibitor. It is a medication for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes, a class of conditions where certain blood cells are dysfunctional, and for ...

:L01BC09

Floxuridine Floxuridine (also ''5-fluorodeoxyuridine'') is an oncology drug that belongs to the class known as antimetabolites. Specifically, floxuridine is a pyrimidine analog, classified as a deoxyuridine. The drug is usually administered via an artery, an ...

:L01BC52 Fluorouracil, combinations :L01BC53 Tegafur, combinations :L01BC59

Trifluridine Trifluridine (also called trifluorothymidine; abbreviation TFT or FTD) is an anti-herpesvirus antiviral drug, used primarily on the eye. It was sold under the trade name Viroptic by Glaxo Wellcome, now merged into GlaxoSmithKline. The brand is n ...

, combinations

L01C Plant
alkaloid Alkaloids are a class of basic, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom. This group also includes some related compounds with neutral and even weakly acidic properties. Some synthetic compounds of similar ...
s and other natural products

L01CA
Vinca ''Vinca'' (; Latin: ''vincire'' "to bind, fetter") is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, native to Europe, northwest Africa and southwest Asia. The English name periwinkle is shared with the related genus ''Catharanthus'' (an ...
alkaloids and analogues

:L01CA01

Vinblastine Vinblastine (VBL), sold under the brand name Velban among others, is a chemotherapy medication, typically used with other medications, to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-small cell lung cancer, bladder ca ...

:L01CA02

Vincristine Vincristine, also known as leurocristine and marketed under the brand name Oncovin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes acute lymphocytic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, Hodgkin's ...

:L01CA03

Vindesine Vindesine, also termed Eldisine, is a semisynthetic vinca alkaloid derived from the flowering plant ''Catharanthus roseus.'' Like the natural (e.g. vinblastine and vincristine) and semisynthetic vinca alkaloids (e.g. vinorelbine and vinflunine) ...

:L01CA04

Vinorelbine Vinorelbine (NVB), sold under the brand name Navelbine among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. It is given by injection into a vein or by mou ...

:L01CA05 Vinflunine :L01CA06

Vintafolide Vintafolide is an investigational targeted cancer therapeutic currently under development by Endocyte and Merck & Co. It is a small molecule drug conjugate consisting of a small molecule targeting the folate receptor, which is overexpressed on ...

L01CB
Podophyllotoxin Podophyllotoxin (PPT) is the active ingredient in Podofilox, which is a medical cream that is used to treat genital warts and molluscum contagiosum. It is not recommended in HPV infections without external warts. It can be applied either by a he ...
derivatives

:L01CB01

Etoposide Etoposide, sold under the brand name Vepesid among others, is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatments of a number of types of cancer including testicular cancer, lung cancer, lymphoma, leukemia, neuroblastoma, and ovarian cancer. It is ...

:L01CB02

Teniposide Teniposide (trade name Vumon) is a chemotherapeutic medication used in the treatment of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), Hodgkin's lymphoma, certain brain tumours, and other types of cancer. It is in a class of drugs known as podophyllot ...

L01CC
Colchicine Colchicine is a medication used to treat gout and Behçet's disease. In gout, it is less preferred to NSAIDs or steroids. Other uses for colchicine include the management of pericarditis and familial Mediterranean fever. Colchicine is taken ...
derivatives

:L01CC01

Demecolcine Demecolcine ( INN; also known as colcemid) is a drug used in chemotherapy. It is closely related to the natural alkaloid colchicine with the replacement of the acetyl group on the amino moiety with methyl, but it is less toxic. It depolymerises ...

L01CD
Taxane Taxanes are a class of diterpenes. They were originally identified from plants of the genus ''Taxus'' (yews), and feature a taxadiene core. Paclitaxel (Taxol) and docetaxel (Taxotere) are widely used as chemotherapy agents. Cabazitaxel was FDA ap ...
s

:L01CD01

Paclitaxel Paclitaxel (PTX), sold under the brand name Taxol among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes ovarian cancer, esophageal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, cervical cancer ...

:L01CD02

Docetaxel Docetaxel (DTX or DXL), sold under the brand name Taxotere among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer and non-small-ce ...

:L01CD03 Paclitaxel poliglumex :L01CD04

Cabazitaxel Cabazitaxel, sold under the brand name Jevtana, is a semi-synthetic derivative of a natural taxoid. It is a microtubule inhibitor, and the fourth taxane to be approved as a cancer therapy. Cabazitaxel was developed by Sanofi-Aventis and was ap ...

:L01CD51 Paclitaxel and encequidar

L01CE
Topoisomerase 1 In molecular biology Type I topoisomerases are enzymes that cut one of the two strands of double-stranded DNA, relax the strand, and reanneal the strand. They are further subdivided into two structurally and mechanistically distinct topoisomeras ...
(TOP1) inhibitors

:L01CE01

Topotecan Topotecan, sold under the brand name Hycamtin among others, is a chemotherapeutic agent medication that is a topoisomerase inhibitor. It is a synthetic, water-soluble analog of the natural chemical compound camptothecin. It is used in the form o ...

:L01CE02

Irinotecan Irinotecan, sold under the brand name Camptosar among others, is a medication used to treat colon cancer, and small cell lung cancer. For colon cancer it is used either alone or with fluorouracil. For small cell lung cancer it is used with cispl ...

:L01CE03 Etirinotecan pegol :L01CE04

Belotecan Belotecan is a drug used in chemotherapy. It is a semi-synthetic camptothecin analogue indicated for small-cell lung cancer and ovarian cancer Ovarian cancer is a cancerous tumor of an ovary. It may originate from the ovary itself or more co ...

L01CX Other plant alkaloids and natural products

:L01CX01 Trabectedin

L01D Cytotoxic antibiotics and related substances

L01DA Actinomycines

:L01DA01

Dactinomycin Dactinomycin, also known as actinomycin D, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes Wilms tumor, rhabdomyosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma, trophoblastic neoplasm, testicular cancer, and certain types of ovari ...

L01DB
Anthracycline Anthracyclines are a class of drugs used in cancer chemotherapy that are extracted from ''Streptomyces'' bacterium. These compounds are used to treat many cancers, including leukemias, lymphomas, breast, stomach, uterine, ovarian, bladder cance ...
s and related substances

:L01DB01

Doxorubicin Doxorubicin, sold under the brand name Adriamycin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. This includes breast cancer, bladder cancer, Kaposi's sarcoma, lymphoma, and acute lymphocytic leukemia. It is often used togeth ...

:L01DB02

Daunorubicin Daunorubicin, also known as daunomycin, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. Specifically it is used for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and Kaposi's sarcoma. It ...

:L01DB03

Epirubicin Epirubicin is an anthracycline drug used for chemotherapy. It can be used in combination with other medications to treat breast cancer in patients who have had surgery to remove the tumor. It is marketed by Pfizer under the trade name Ellence in ...

:L01DB04

Aclarubicin Aclarubicin (INN) or aclacinomycin A is an anthracycline drug that is used in the treatment of cancer. Soil bacteria '' Streptomyces galilaeus'' can produce aclarubicin. It can induce histone eviction from chromatin Chromatin is a complex of ...

:L01DB05 Zorubicin :L01DB06

Idarubicin Idarubicin or 4-demethoxydaunorubicin is an anthracycline antileukemic drug. It inserts itself into DNA and prevents DNA unwinding by interfering with the enzyme topoisomerase II. It is an analog of daunorubicin, but the absence of a methoxy grou ...

:L01DB07

Mitoxantrone Mitoxantrone (INN, BAN, USAN; also known as Mitozantrone in Australia; trade name Novantrone) is an anthracenedione antineoplastic agent. Uses Mitoxantrone is used to treat certain types of cancer, mostly acute myeloid leukemia. It improves the ...

:L01DB08

Pirarubicin Pirarubicin (INN) is an anthracycline drug. An analogue of the anthracycline antineoplastic antibiotic doxorubicin. Pirarubicin intercalates into DNA and interacts with topoisomerase II, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and repair and RNA and p ...

:L01DB09

Valrubicin Valrubicin (''N''-trifluoroacetyladriamycin-14-valerate, trade name Valstar) is a chemotherapy drug used to treat bladder cancer. Valrubicin is a semisynthetic analog of the anthracycline doxorubicin, and is administered by infusion directly into ...

:L01DB10

Amrubicin Amrubicin ( INN; previously known as SM-5887) is an anthracycline used in the treatment of lung cancer. It is marketed in Japan since 2002 by Sumitomo under the brand name Calsed. Amrubicin acts by inhibiting topoisomerase II, and has been compa ...

:L01DB11

Pixantrone Pixantrone (rINN; trade name Pixuvri) is an experimental antineoplastic (anti-cancer) drug, an analogue of mitoxantrone with fewer toxic effects on cardiac tissue. It acts as a topoisomerase II poison and intercalating agent. The code name BBR ...

L01DC Other cytotoxic antibiotics

:L01DC01

Bleomycin -13- (1''H''-imidazol-5-yl)methyl9-hydroxy-5- 1''R'')-1-hydroxyethyl8,10-dimethyl-4,7,12,15-tetraoxo-3,6,11,14-tetraazapentadec-1-yl}-2,4'-bi-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)carbonyl]amino}propyl)(dimethyl)sulfonium , chemical_formula = , C=55 , H=84 , N=1 ...

:L01DC02

Plicamycin Plicamycin (INN, also known as mithramycin; trade name Mithracin) is an antineoplastic antibiotic produced by ''Streptomyces plicatus''. It is an RNA synthesis inhibitor. The manufacturer discontinued production in 2000. Several different struct ...

:L01DC03

Mitomycin The mitomycins are a family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from ''Streptomyces caespitosus'' or ''Streptomyces lavendulae.'' They include mitomycin A, mitomycin B, and mitomycin C. When the name mitomycin occurs alone, it usually ...

:L01DC04

Ixabepilone Ixabepilone ( INN; also known as azaepothilone B, codenamed BMS-247550) is a pharmaceutical drug developed by Bristol-Myers Squibb as a chemotherapeutic medication for cancer. History Ixabepilone is a semi-synthetic analog of epothilone B, a na ...

L01E Protein kinase inhibitors

L01EA BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EA01

Imatinib Imatinib, sold under the brand names Gleevec and Glivec (both marketed worldwide by Novartis) among others, is an oral chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer. Imatinib is a small molecule inhibitor targeting multiple receptor tyrosine kin ...

:L01EA02

Dasatinib Dasatinib, sold under the brand name Sprycel among others, is a targeted therapy medication used to treat certain cases of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Specifically it is used to treat cases that ar ...

:L01EA03

Nilotinib Nilotinib, sold under the brand name Tasigna marketed worldwide by Novartis, is a medication used to treat chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) which has the Philadelphia chromosome. It may be used both in initial cases of chronic phase CML as well ...

:L01EA04

Bosutinib Bosutinib (rINN/USAN; codenamed SKI-606, marketed under the trade name Bosulif) is a small molecule BCR-ABL and src tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Originally synthesized by Wyeth, it is being ...

:L01EA05

Ponatinib Ponatinib (trade name Iclusig , previously AP24534) is an oral drug developed by ARIAD Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome–positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). It is ...

:L01EA06

Asciminib Asciminib, sold under the brand name Scemblix, is a medication used to treat Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (Ph+ CML). Asciminib is a protein kinase inhibitor. The most common adverse reactions include upper respir ...

L01EB Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EB01

Gefitinib Gefitinib, sold under the brand name Iressa, is a medication used for certain breast, lung and other cancers. Gefitinib is an EGFR inhibitor, like erlotinib, which interrupts signaling through the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in targ ...

:L01EB02

Erlotinib Erlotinib, sold under the brand name Tarceva among others, is a medication used to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and pancreatic cancer. Specifically it is used for NSCLC with mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) � ...

:L01EB03

Afatinib Afatinib, sold under the brand name Gilotrif among others, is a medication used to treat non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). It belongs to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor family of medications. It is taken by mouth. It is mainly used to treat ...

:L01EB04

Osimertinib Osimertinib, sold under the brand name Tagrisso, is a medication used to treat non-small-cell lung carcinomas with specific mutations. It is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The most common side eff ...

:L01EB05

Rociletinib Rociletinib is a medication developed to treat non-small cell lung carcinomas with a specific mutation. It is a third-generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It was being developed by Clovis Oncology as a potenti ...

:L01EB06

Olmutinib Olmutinib (INN) is an investigational anti-cancer drug. It acts by covalently bonding to a cysteine residue near the kinase domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). In the US, it was given a breakthrough therapy designation in non-smal ...

:L01EB07

Dacomitinib Dacomitinib, sold under the brand name Vizimpro, is a medication for the treatment of non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). It is a selective and irreversible inhibitor of EGFR. Dacomitinib has advanced to several Phase III clinical trials. ...

:L01EB08

Icotinib Icotinib (trade name Conmana) is a highly selective, first generation epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). Icotinib is approved for use in China as first-line monotherapy in patients with non-small-cell lung can ...

:L01EB09 Lazertinib :L01EB10 Mobocertinib :L01EB11 Aumolertinib

L01EC B-Raf serine-threonine kinase (BRAF) inhibitors

:L01EC01

Vemurafenib Vemurafenib (INN, marketed as Zelboraf) is an inhibitor of the B-Raf enzyme developed by Plexxikon (now part of Daiichi-Sankyo) and Genentech for the treatment of late-stage melanoma.; The name "vemurafenib" comes from V600E mutated BRAF in ...

:L01EC02

Dabrafenib Dabrafenib, sold under the brand name Tafinlar & Rafinlar ( both by Novartis) among others, is a medication for the treatment of cancers associated with a mutated version of the gene BRAF. Dabrafenib acts as an inhibitor of the associated enzym ...

:L01EC03 Encorafenib

L01ED Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors

:L01ED01

Crizotinib Crizotinib, sold under the brand name Xalkori among others, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). It acts as an ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) and ROS1 (c-ros oncogene 1) inhibitor. Med ...

:L01ED02 Ceritinib :L01ED03

Alectinib Alectinib (INN, marketed as Alecensa) is an oral drug that blocks the activity of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and is used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). It was developed by Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Japan, which is part of th ...

:L01ED04

Brigatinib Brigatinib, sold under the brand name Alunbrig among others, is a small-molecule targeted cancer therapy being developed by Ariad Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Brigatinib acts as both an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) and epidermal growth factor re ...

:L01ED05

Lorlatinib Lorlatinib, sold under the brand name Lorbrena in the United States, Canada, and Japan, and Lorviqua in the European Union, is an anti-cancer drug developed by Pfizer. It is an orally administered inhibitor of ALK and ROS1, two enzymes that play ...

L01EE Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors

:L01EE01

Trametinib Trametinib, sold under the brand name Mekinist among others, is an anticancer medication used for the treatment of melanoma. It is a MEK inhibitor drug with anti-cancer activity. It inhibits MEK1 and MEK2. Trametinib had good results for metast ...

:L01EE02

Cobimetinib Cobimetinib, sold under the brand name Cotellic, is an anti-cancer medication used in combination with vemurafenib (Zelboraf) alone or with both vemurafenib and atezolizumab (Tecentriq) to treat melanoma. Cobimetinib is a MEK inhibitor. Cotell ...

:L01EE03 Binimetinib :L01EE04

Selumetinib Selumetinib ( ), sold under the brand name Koselugo, is a medication for the treatment of children, two years of age and older, with neurofibromatosis type I (NF-1), a genetic disorder of the nervous system causing tumors to grow on nerves. It ...

L01EF Cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors

:L01EF01

Palbociclib Palbociclib, sold under the brand name Ibrance among others, is a medication developed by Pfizer for the treatment of HR-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer. It is a selective inhibitor of the cyclin-dependent kinases CDK4 and CDK6. Pal ...

:L01EF02

Ribociclib Ribociclib, sold under the brand name Kisqali and Kryxana marketed by Novartis, is an inhibitor of cyclin D1/CDK4 and CDK6, and is used for the treatment of certain kinds of breast cancer. on Kisqali. Accessed 2017-09-08. Ribociclib is a kinase in ...

:L01EF03

Abemaciclib Abemaciclib, sold under the brand name Verzenio among others, is a medication for the treatment of advanced or metastatic breast cancers. It was developed by Eli Lilly and it acts as a CDK inhibitor selective for CDK4 and CDK6. It was designa ...

L01EG Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase inhibitors

:L01EG01

Temsirolimus Temsirolimus, sold under the brand name Torisel, is an intravenous drug for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC), developed by Wyeth Pharmaceuticals and approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in May 2007, and was also appro ...

:L01EG02

Everolimus Everolimus, sold under the brand name Afinitor among others, is a medication used as an immunosuppressant to prevent rejection of organ transplants and as a targeted therapy in the treatment of renal cell cancer and other tumours. It is the 40 ...

:L01EG03

Ridaforolimus Ridaforolimus (also known as AP23573 and MK-8669; formerly known as deforolimus) is an investigational targeted and small-molecule inhibitor of the protein mTOR, a protein that acts as a central regulator of protein synthesis, cell proliferation, ...

:L01EG04

Sirolimus Sirolimus, also known as rapamycin and sold under the brand name Rapamune among others, is a macrolide compound that is used to coat coronary stents, prevent organ transplant rejection, treat a rare lung disease called lymphangioleiomyomatosis, ...

L01EH Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EH01

Lapatinib Lapatinib ( INN), used in the form of lapatinib ditosylate (USAN) (trade names Tykerb and Tyverb marketed by Novartis) is an orally active drug for breast cancer and other solid tumours. It is a dual tyrosine kinase inhibitor which interrupts ...

:L01EH02

Neratinib Neratinib (INN), sold under the brand name Nerlynx, is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of breast cancer. The most common side effect is diarrhea, which affects nearly all patients. Other common side effe ...

:L01EH03 Tucatinib

L01EJ Janus-associated kinase (JAK) inhibitors

:L01EJ01

Ruxolitinib Ruxolitinib, sold under the brand names Jakafi and Jakavi, is a medication used for the treatment of intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis, a type of myeloproliferative disorder that affects the bone marrow; polycythemia vera (PCV), when ther ...

:L01EJ02 Fedratinib :L01EJ03 Pacritinib

L01EK Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EK01 Axitinib :L01EK02 Cediranib :L01EK03

Tivozanib Tivozanib, sold under the brand name Fotivda, is a medication used for the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (kidney cancer). It is an oral VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor. The most common side effects include fatigue (tired ...

L01EL Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors

:L01EL01

Ibrutinib Ibrutinib, sold under the brand name Imbruvica among others, is a small molecule drug that inhibits B-cell proliferation and survival by irreversibly binding the protein Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK). Blocking BTK inhibits the B-cell receptor ...

:L01EL02

Acalabrutinib Acalabrutinib, sold under the brand name Calquence, is a medication used to treat various types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic leukemia (CLL/SLL). It may be used ...

:L01EL03

Zanubrutinib Zanubrutinib, sold under the brand name Brukinsa, is a medication used for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), Waldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), and chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Zanubrutinib ...

L01EM Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (Pi3K) inhibitors

:L01EM01

Idelalisib Idelalisib, sold under the brand name Zydelig, is a medication used to treat certain blood cancers. The substance acts as a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor; more specifically, it blocks P110δ, the delta isoform of the enzyme phosphoinosi ...

:L01EM02

Copanlisib Copanlisib (trade name Aliqopa ; codenamed BAY 80-6946) is a drug which is approved by US FDA for the treatment of adult patients experiencing relapsed follicular lymphoma who have received at least two prior systemic therapies. Copanlisib has ...

:L01EM03

Alpelisib Alpelisib, sold under the brand name Piqray among others, is a medication used to treat certain types of breast cancer. It is used together with fulvestrant. It is taken by mouth. It is marketed by Novartis. Common side effects include high ...

:L01EM04

Duvelisib Duvelisib, sold under the brand name Copiktra, is a medication used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), and follicular lymphoma after other treatments have failed. It is taken by mouth. It is a PI3 kin ...

:L01EM05 Parsaclisib

L01EN Fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors

:L01EN01 Erdafitinib :L01EN02

Pemigatinib Pemigatinib, sold under the brand name Pemazyre, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of bile duct cancer (cholangiocarcinoma). Pemigatinib works by blocking FGFR2 in tumor cells to prevent them from growing and spreading. Pemi ...

:L01EN03

Infigratinib Infigratinib, sold under the brand name Truseltiq, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer). The most common side effects include increased phosphate level in the blood, increased creatinine levels in th ...

:L01EN04

Futibatinib Futibatinib, sold under the brand name Lytgobi, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of cholangiocarcinoma (bile duct cancer). It is a kinase inhibitor. It is taken by mouth. Futibatinib was approved for medical use in the Unite ...

L01EX Other
protein kinase inhibitor A protein kinase inhibitor is a type of enzyme inhibitor that blocks the action of one or more protein kinases. Protein kinases are enzymes that phosphorylate (add a phosphate, or PO4, group) to a protein and can modulate its function. The phospha ...
s

:L01EX01

Sunitinib Sunitinib, sold under the brand name Sutent, is a medication used to treat cancer. It is a small-molecule, multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor that was approved by the FDA for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and i ...

:L01EX02

Sorafenib Sorafenib, sold under the brand name Nexavar, is a kinase inhibitor drug approved for the treatment of primary kidney cancer (advanced renal cell carcinoma), advanced primary liver cancer ( hepatocellular carcinoma), FLT3-ITD positive AML and r ...

:L01EX03

Pazopanib Pazopanib, sold under the brand name Votrient, is an anti-cancer medication marketed worldwide by Novartis. It is a potent and selective multi-targeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that blocks tumour growth and inhibits angiogenesis. It has ...

:L01EX04

Vandetanib Vandetanib, sold under the brand name Caprelsa, is an anti-cancer medication that is used for the treatment of certain tumours of the thyroid gland. It acts as a kinase inhibitor of a number of cell receptors, mainly the vascular endothelial gr ...

:L01EX05

Regorafenib Regorafenib, sold under the brand name Stivarga among others, is an oral multi-kinase inhibitor developed by Bayer which targets angiogenic, stromal and oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK). Regorafenib shows anti-angiogenic activity due to i ...

:L01EX06

Masitinib Masitinib is a tyrosine-kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of mast cell tumours in animals, specifically dogs.Information abouMasivetat the European pharmacy agency website Since its introduction in November 2008 it has been distributed und ...

:L01EX07

Cabozantinib Cabozantinib, sold under the brand names Cometriq and Cabometyx among others, is a medication used to treat medullary thyroid cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. It is a small molecule inhibitor of the tyrosine kinases c ...

:L01EX08

Lenvatinib Lenvatinib, sold under the brand name Lenvima among others, is an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of certain kinds of thyroid cancer and for other cancers as well. It was developed by Eisai Co. and acts as a multiple kinase inhibitor ag ...

:L01EX09

Nintedanib Nintedanib, sold under the brand names Ofev and Vargatef, is an oral medication used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and along with other medications for some types of non-small-cell lung cancer. In March 2020, it was appro ...

:L01EX10

Midostaurin Midostaurin, sold under the brand name Rydapt & Tauritmo both by Novartis, is a multi-targeted protein kinase inhibitor that has been investigated for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and advanced syste ...

:L01EX11

Quizartinib Quizartinib (AC220) is a small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, originally from Ambit Biosciences and later acquired by Daiichi Sankyo, that is currently under development for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia. Quizartinib is s ...

:L01EX12

Larotrectinib Larotrectinib, sold under the brand name Vitrakvi, is a medication for the treatment of cancer. It is an inhibitor of tropomyosin kinase receptors TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC. It was discovered by Array BioPharma and licensed to Loxo Oncology in 201 ...

:L01EX13

Gilteritinib Gilteritinib, sold under the brand name Xospata, is an anti-cancer drug. It acts as an inhibitor of FLT3, hence it is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor. It was developed by Astellas Pharma. In April 2018, Astellas filed a new drug application w ...

:L01EX14

Entrectinib Entrectinib, sold under the brand name Rozlytrek, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat ROS1-positive non-small cell lung cancer and NTRK fusion-positive solid tumors. It is a selective tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), of the tropomyosin r ...

:L01EX15

Pexidartinib Pexidartinib, sold under the brand name Turalio, is a kinase inhibitor drug for the treatment of adults with symptomatic tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) associated with severe morbidity or functional limitations and not amenable to improve ...

:L01EX17 Capmatinib :L01EX18 Avapritinib :L01EX19

Ripretinib Ripretinib, sold under the brand name Qinlock, is a medication for the treatment of adults with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST), a type of tumor that originates in the gastrointestinal tract. It is taken by mouth. Ripretinib inh ...

:L01EX21 Tepotinib :L01EX22

Selpercatinib Selpercatinib, sold under the brand name Retevmo among others, is a medication for the treatment of cancers in people whose tumors have an alteration (mutation or fusion) in a specific gene ( RET which is short for "rearranged during transfect ...

:L01EX23 Pralsetinib :L01EX24 Surufatinib :L01EX25

Umbralisib Umbralisib, sold under the brand name Ukoniq, is an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) and follicular lymphoma (FL). It is taken by mouth. Umbralisib is a kinase inhibitor including PI3K-delta and casein ...

:QL01EX90

Toceranib Toceranib is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of canine mast cell tumor also called mastocytoma. Together with masitinib (Kinavet (US)/Masivet (EU/ROW) by AB Science), toceranib is the only dog-specific anti-canc ...

L01F Monoclonal antibodies and antibody drug conjugates

L01FA CD20 (Clusters of Differentiation 20) inhibitors

:L01FA01

Rituximab Rituximab, sold under the brand name Rituxan among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and types of cancer. It is used for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (in non-geriatric p ...

:L01FA02

Ofatumumab Ofatumumab is a fully human monoclonal antibody to CD20, which appears to provide rapid B-cell depletion. Under the brand name Kesimpta, it is approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis in the United States as well as in the European Unio ...

:L01FA03

Obinutuzumab Obinutuzumab, sold under the brand name Gazyva among others, is a humanized anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, originated by GlycArt Biotechnology AG and developed by Roche as a cancer treatment. It can be used as a first-line treatment for chronic ly ...

L01FB CD22 (Clusters of Differentiation 22) inhibitors

:L01FB01 Inotuzumab ozogamicin :L01FB02

Moxetumomab pasudotox Moxetumomab pasudotox, sold under the brand name Lumoxiti, is an anti- CD22 immunotoxin medication for the treatment of adults with relapsed or refractory hairy cell leukemia (HCL) who have received at least two prior systemic therapies, includin ...

L01FC CD38 (Clusters of Differentiation 38) inhibitors

:L01FC01

Daratumumab Daratumumab, sold under the brand name Darzalex, is an anti-cancer monoclonal antibody medication. It binds to CD38, which is overexpressed in multiple myeloma cells. Daratumumab was originally developed by Genmab, but it is now being jointly de ...

:L01FC02 Isatuximab

L01FD HER2 (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2) inhibitors

:L01FD01

Trastuzumab Trastuzumab, sold under the brand name Herceptin among others, is a monoclonal antibody used to treat breast cancer and stomach cancer. It is specifically used for cancer that is HER2 receptor positive. It may be used by itself or together wit ...

:L01FD02

Pertuzumab Pertuzumab, sold under the brand name Perjeta, is a monoclonal antibody used in combination with trastuzumab and docetaxel for the treatment of metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer; it also used in the same combination as a neoadjuvant in earl ...

:L01FD03

Trastuzumab emtansine Trastuzumab emtansine, sold under the brand name Kadcyla, is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) covalently linked to the cytotoxic agent DM1. Trastuzumab alone stops growth of can ...

:L01FD04

Trastuzumab deruxtecan Trastuzumab deruxtecan, sold under the brand name Enhertu, is an antibody-drug conjugate consisting of the humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin) covalently linked to the topoisomerase I inhibitor deruxtecan (a derivative of ...

:L01FD05 Trastuzumab duocarmazine :L01FD06

Margetuximab Margetuximab, sold under the brand name Margenza, is a chimeric IgG monoclonal antibody medication against HER2 used for the treatment of cancer. The most common adverse drug reactions in combination with chemotherapy are fatigue/asthenia, nausea ...

L01FE EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) inhibitors

:L01FE01

Cetuximab Cetuximab, sold under the brand name Erbitux, is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitor medication used for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer and head and neck cancer. Cetuximab is a chimeric (mouse/human) monoclonal an ...

:L01FE02

Panitumumab Panitumumab, sold under the brand name Vectibix, is a fully human monoclonal antibody specific to the epidermal growth factor receptor (also known as ''EGF receptor'', ''EGFR'', ''ErbB-1'' and ''HER1'' in humans). Panitumumab is manufactured by ...

:L01FE03

Necitumumab Necitumumab (INN) is a recombinant human IgG1 monoclonal antibody used as an antineoplastic, which is manufactured by Eli Lilly. It binds to the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The US FDA approved necitumumab under the brand name Portra ...

L01FF PD-1/PDL-1 (Programmed cell death protein 1/ death ligand 1) inhibitors

:L01FF01

Nivolumab Nivolumab, sold under the brand name Opdivo, is a medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes melanoma, lung cancer, malignant pleural mesothelioma, renal cell carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, head and neck cancer, urotheli ...

:L01FF02

Pembrolizumab Pembrolizumab, sold under the brand name Keytruda, is a humanized antibody used in cancer immunotherapy that treats melanoma, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma, stomach cancer, cervical cancer, and certain types of breast canc ...

:L01FF03

Durvalumab Durvalumab (trade name Imfinzi) is an FDA-approved immunotherapy for cancer, developed by Medimmune/AstraZeneca. It is a human immunoglobulin G1 kappa (IgG1κ) monoclonal antibody that blocks the interaction of programmed cell death ligand 1 ...

:L01FF04

Avelumab Avelumab, sold under the brand name Bavencio, is a fully human monoclonal antibody medication for the treatment of Merkel cell carcinoma, urothelial carcinoma, and renal cell carcinoma. Common side effects include fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, ...

:L01FF05

Atezolizumab Atezolizumab, sold under the brand name Tecentriq, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat urothelial carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), small cell lung cancer (SCLC), hepatocellular ...

:L01FF06 Cemiplimab :L01FF07

Dostarlimab Dostarlimab, sold under the brand name Jemperli, is a monoclonal antibody used as an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of endometrial cancer. Dostarlimab is a Programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)–blocking ...

:L01FF08 Prolgolimab :L01FF09 Tislelizumab :L01FF10 Retifanlimab

L01FG VEGF/VEGFR (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) inhibitors

:L01FG01

Bevacizumab Bevacizumab, sold under the brand name Avastin among others, is a medication used to treat a number of types of cancers and a specific eye disease. For cancer, it is given by slow injection into a vein (intravenous) and used for colon cancer, l ...

:L01FG02 Ramucirumab

L01FX Other monoclonal antibodies and antibody drug conjugates

:L01FX01 Edrecolomab :L01FX02

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin Gemtuzumab ozogamicin, sold under the brand name Mylotarg, is an antibody-drug conjugate (a drug-linked monoclonal antibody) that is used to treat acute myeloid leukemia. The most common grade 3 and higher adverse reactions that occurred during ...

:L01FX03

Catumaxomab Catumaxomab (trade name Removab) is a rat- mouse hybrid monoclonal antibody which is used to treat malignant ascites, a condition occurring in people with metastasizing cancer. It binds to antigens CD3 and EpCAM. It was developed by Fresenius ...

:L01FX04

Ipilimumab Ipilimumab, sold under the brand name Yervoy, is a monoclonal antibody medication that works to activate the immune system by targeting CTLA-4, a protein receptor that downregulates the immune system. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) can recognize ...

:L01FX05

Brentuximab vedotin Brentuximab vedotin, sold under the brand name Adcetris, is an antibody-drug conjugate medication used to treat relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), a type of T cell non-Hodgkin lymphom ...

:L01FX06 Dinutuximab beta :L01FX07

Blinatumomab Blinatumomab, sold under the brand name Blincyto, is a biopharmaceutical medication used as a second-line treatment for Philadelphia chromosome-negative relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia. It belongs to a class of constructed ...

:L01FX08

Elotuzumab Elotuzumab, sold under the brand name Empliciti, is a humanized IgG1 monoclonal antibody medication used in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone, for adults that have received 1 to 3 prior therapies for the treatment of multiple myeloma ...

:L01FX09

Mogamulizumab Mogamulizumab, sold under the brand name Poteligeo, is a humanized, afucosylated monoclonal antibody targeting CC chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved it in August 2018 for treatment of relapsed or ...

:L01FX10

Olaratumab Olaratumab, sold under the brand name Lartruvo, is a monoclonal antibody medication developed by Eli Lilly and Company for the treatment of solid tumors. It is directed against the platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha. It was removed fr ...

:L01FX11 Bermekimab :L01FX12 Tafasitamab :L01FX13 Enfortumab vedotin :L01FX14

Polatuzumab vedotin Polatuzumab vedotin (INN; brand name Polivy, is an antibody-drug conjugate or ADC designed for the treatment of cancer. The US Food and Drug Administration approved polatuzumab vedotin in June 2019 for treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma ...

:L01FX15

Belantamab mafodotin Belantamab mafodotin, sold under the brand name Blenrep, is a medication for the treatment of relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma. The most common adverse reactions include keratopathy (corneal epithelium change on eye exam), decreased vi ...

:L01FX16 Oportuzumab monatox :L01FX17

Sacituzumab govitecan Sacituzumab govitecan, sold under the brand name Trodelvy, is a Trop-2-directed antibody and topoisomerase inhibitor drug conjugate used for the treatment of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer and metastatic urothelial cancer. The most co ...

:L01FX18

Amivantamab Amivantamab, sold under the brand name Rybrevant, is a bispecific monoclonal antibody used to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Amivantamab is a bispecific epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor-directed and mesenchymal–epithelial transition ...

:L01FX19 Sabatolimab :L01FX20

Tremelimumab Tremelimumab, sold under the brand name Imjudo, is a fully human monoclonal antibody against CTLA-4. It is an immune checkpoint blocker. Tremelimumab was approved for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma medical use in the United States in Oc ...

:L01FX21 Naxitamab :L01FX22 Loncastuximab tesirine :L01FX23

Tisotumab vedotin Tisotumab vedotin, sold under the brand name Tivdak, is an antibody-drug conjugate used to treat cervical cancer. It is a combination of tisotumab, a monoclonal antibody against tissue factor, and monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE), a potent inh ...

L01X Other antineoplastic agents

L01XA
Platinum Platinum is a chemical element with the symbol Pt and atomic number 78. It is a dense, malleable, ductile, highly unreactive, precious, silverish-white transition metal. Its name originates from Spanish , a diminutive of "silver". Platinu ...
compounds

:L01XA01

Cisplatin Cisplatin is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers. These include testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, cervical cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, head and neck cancer, esophageal cancer, lung cancer, mesothelioma, br ...

:L01XA02

Carboplatin Carboplatin, sold under the trade name Paraplatin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of forms of cancer. This includes ovarian cancer, lung cancer, head and neck cancer, brain cancer, and neuroblastoma. It is used b ...

:L01XA03

Oxaliplatin Oxaliplatin, sold under the brand name Eloxatin among others, is a cancer medication (platinum-based antineoplastic class) used to treat colorectal cancer. It is given by injection into a vein. Common side effects include numbness, feeling ti ...

:L01XA04

Satraplatin Satraplatin (INN, codenamed JM216) is a platinum-based antineoplastic agent that was under investigation as a treatment of patients with advanced prostate cancer who have failed previous chemotherapy. It has not yet received approval from the U. ...

:L01XA05 Polyplatillen

L01XB Methylhydrazines

:L01XB01

Procarbazine Procarbazine is a chemotherapy medication used for the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma and brain cancers. For Hodgkin's it is often used together with chlormethine, vincristine, and prednisone while for brain cancers such as glioblastoma multif ...

L01XD Sensitizers used in photodynamic/
radiation In physics, radiation is the emission or transmission of energy in the form of waves or particles through space or through a material medium. This includes: * ''electromagnetic radiation'', such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visi ...
therapy

:L01XD01

Porfimer sodium Porfimer sodium, sold as Photofrin, is a photosensitizer used in photodynamic therapy and radiation therapy and for palliative treatment of obstructing endobronchial non-small cell lung carcinoma and obstructing esophageal cancer. Porfimer is a ...

:L01XD03

Methyl aminolevulinate Methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) is a drug used as a sensitizer in photodynamic therapy. It is a prodrug that is metabolized to protoporphyrin IX. It is marketed as Metvix. Metvix cream is applied topically and some time later the skin is illumin ...

:L01XD04

Aminolevulinic acid δ-Aminolevulinic acid (also dALA, δ-ALA, 5ALA or 5-aminolevulinic acid), an endogenous non-proteinogenic amino acid, is the first compound in the porphyrin synthesis pathway, the pathway that leads to heme in mammals, as well as chlorophyll in p ...

:L01XD05 Temoporfin :L01XD06 Efaproxiral :L01XD07 Padeliporfin

L01XF Retinoids for cancer treatment

:L01XF01

Tretinoin Tretinoin, also known as all-''trans'' retinoic acid (ATRA), is a medication used for the treatment of acne and acute promyelocytic leukemia. For acne, it is applied to the skin as a cream, gel or ointment. For leukemia, it is taken by mouth f ...

:L01XF02

Alitretinoin Alitretinoin, or 9-cis-retinoic acid, is a form of vitamin A. It is also used in medicine as an antineoplastic (anti-cancer) agent developed by Ligand Pharmaceuticals. It is a first generation retinoid. Ligand gained Food and Drug Administration ...

:L01XF03

Bexarotene Bexarotene, sold under the brand Targretin, is an antineoplastic (anti-cancer) agent used for the treatment of cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL). It is a third-generation retinoid. It was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ...

L01XG Proteasome inhibitors

:L01XG01

Bortezomib Bortezomib, sold under the brand name Velcade among others, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. This includes multiple myeloma in those who have and have not previously received treatment. It is ...

:L01XG02

Carfilzomib Carfilzomib, sold under the brand name Kyprolis, is an anti-cancer medication acting as a selective proteasome inhibitor. Chemically, it is a tetrapeptide epoxyketone and an analog of epoxomicin. It was developed by Onyx Pharmaceuticals. The U. ...

:L01XG03

Ixazomib Ixazomib (trade name Ninlaro) is a drug for the treatment of multiple myeloma, a type of white blood cell cancer, in combination with other drugs. It is taken by mouth in the form of capsules. Common side effects include diarrhea, constipation a ...

L01XH Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors

:L01XH01

Vorinostat Vorinostat (rINN) also known as Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid ( suberoyl+anilide+hydroxamic acid abbreviated as SAHA) is a member of a larger class of compounds that inhibit histone deacetylases (HDAC). Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDI) ha ...

:L01XH02

Romidepsin Romidepsin, also known as Istodax, is an anticancer agent used in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and other peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCLs). Romidepsin is a natural product obtained from the bacterium ''Chromobacterium violaceum'', and wo ...

:L01XH03

Panobinostat Panobinostat, sold under the brand name Farydak, is a medication used for the treatment of multiple myeloma. It is a hydroxamic acid and acts as a non-selective histone deacetylase inhibitor (pan-HDAC inhibitor).Belinostat Belinostat (trade name Beleodaq, previously known as PXD101) is a histone deacetylase inhibitor drug developed by TopoTarget for the treatment of hematological malignancies and solid tumors. It was approved in July 2014 by the US FDA to treat pe ...

:L01XH05 Entinostat

L01XJ Hedgehog pathway inhibitors

:L01XJ01

Vismodegib Vismodegib (trade name Erivedge ) is a drug for the treatment of basal-cell carcinoma (BCC). The approval of vismodegib on January 30, 2012, represents the first Hedgehog signaling pathway targeting agent to gain U.S. Food and Drug Administrati ...

:L01XJ02

Sonidegib Sonidegib (INN), sold under the brand name Odomzo, is a medication used to treat cancer. Sonidegib is Hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitor (via smoothened antagonism). Approvals and indications It was approved for medical use in the United State ...

:L01XJ03 Glasdegib

L01XK Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors

:L01XK01

Olaparib Olaparib, sold under the brand name Lynparza, is a medication for the maintenance treatment of BRCA-mutated advanced ovarian cancer in adults. It is a PARP inhibitor, inhibiting poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP), an enzyme involved in DNA repair ...

:L01XK02

Niraparib Niraparib, sold under the brand name Zejula, is an anti-cancer medication used for the treatment of epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer. It is taken Oral administration, by mouth. It is a PARP inhibitor. The most co ...

:L01XK03

Rucaparib Rucaparib, sold under the brand name Rubraca, is a PARP inhibitor used as an anti-cancer agent. Rucaparib is a first-in-class pharmaceutical drug targeting the DNA repair enzyme poly-ADP ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1). It is taken by mouth. The ...

:L01XK04

Talazoparib Talazoparib, sold under the brand name Talzenna, is an orally available poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitor developed by Pfizer for the treatment of advanced breast cancer with germline BRCA mutations. Talazoparib is similar to the firs ...

:L01XK05

Veliparib Veliparib (ABT-888) is a potential anti-cancer drug acting as a PARP inhibitor. It kills cancer cells by blocking a protein called PARP, thereby preventing the repair of DNA or genetic damage in cancer cells and possibly making them more suscepti ...

:L01XK06

Pamiparib Pamiparib, sold under the brand name Partruvix, is a pharmaceutical drug used for the treatment of various types of cancer. Pamiparib is a member of the PARP inhibitor drug class. In China, it is approved for the treatment of germline BRCA m ...

L01XL Antineoplastic cell and gene therapy

:L01XL01 Sitimagene ceradenovec :L01XL02

Talimogene laherparepvec Talimogene laherparepvec, sold under the brand name Imlygic, is a biopharmaceutical medication used to treat melanoma that cannot be operated on; it is injected directly into a subset of lesions which generates a systemic immune response against ...

:L01XL03

Axicabtagene ciloleucel Axicabtagene ciloleucel, sold under the brand name Yescarta, is a medication used for the treatment for large B-cell lymphoma that has failed conventional treatment. T cells are removed from a person with lymphoma and genetically engineered to p ...

:L01XL04

Tisagenlecleucel Tisagenlecleucel, sold under the brand name Kymriah, is a CAR T cells medication for the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) which uses the body's own T cells to fight cancer (adoptive cell transfer). Serious side effects occu ...

:L01XL05

Ciltacabtagene autoleucel Ciltacabtagene autoleucel, sold under the brand name Carvykti, is an anti-cancer medication used to treat multiple myeloma. The most common adverse reactions include pyrexia, cytokine release syndrome, hypogammaglobulinemia, musculoskeletal ...

:L01XL06

Brexucabtagene autoleucel Brexucabtagene autoleucel, sold under the brand name Tecartus, is a cell-based gene therapy medication for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The most common side effects include serious inf ...

:L01XL07

Idecabtagene vicleucel Idecabtagene vicleucel, sold under the brand name Abecma, is a cell-based gene therapy to treat multiple myeloma. The most common side effects include cytokine release syndrome (CRS), infections, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain, and a weakened ...

L01XX Other antineoplastic agents

:L01XX01 Amsacrine :L01XX02

Asparaginase Asparaginase is an enzyme that is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication, L-asparaginase is used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). It is given by injection into a vein, muscl ...

:L01XX03

Altretamine Altretamine (trade name Hexalen), also called hexamethylmelamine, is an antineoplastic agent. It was approved by the U.S. FDA in 1990. Uses It is indicated for use as a single agent in the palliative treatment of patients with persistent or r ...

:L01XX05

Hydroxycarbamide Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is a medication used in sickle-cell disease, essential thrombocythemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, polycythemia vera, and cervical cancer. In sickle-cell disease it increases fetal hemoglobin and d ...

:L01XX07

Lonidamine Lonidamine is a derivative of indazole-3-carboxylic acid, which for a long time, has been known to inhibit aerobic glycolysis in cancer cells. It seems to enhance aerobic glycolysis in normal cells, but suppress glycolysis in cancer cells. This i ...

:L01XX08

Pentostatin Pentostatin (or deoxycoformycin, trade name Nipent, manufactured by SuperGen) is an anticancer chemotherapeutic drug. Mechanism It is classified as a purine analog, which is a type of antimetabolite. It mimics the nucleoside adenosine and thus in ...

:L01XX10 Masoprocol :L01XX11

Estramustine Estramustine (, , ) is an estrogen and cytostatic antineoplastic agent which was never marketed. It is an estrogen ester – specifically, the C3 normustine ester of estradiol – and acts in part as a prodrug of estradiol in the body. Estramus ...

:L01XX16 Mitoguazone :L01XX18 Tiazofurine :L01XX23

Mitotane Mitotane, sold under the brand name Lysodren, is a steroidogenesis inhibitor and cytostatic antineoplastic medication which is used in the treatment of adrenocortical carcinoma and Cushing's syndrome. It is a derivative of the early insecticid ...

:L01XX24

Pegaspargase Pegaspargase, sold under the brand name Oncaspar, is a medication used in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Often it is used together with anthracycline, vincristine, and corticosteroids (for example prednisone and dexametha ...

:L01XX27

Arsenic trioxide Arsenic trioxide, sold under the brand name Trisenox among others, is an inorganic compound and medication. As an industrial chemical, whose major uses include in the manufacture of wood preservatives, pesticides, and glass. As a medication, i ...

:L01XX29

Denileukin diftitox Denileukin diftitox (trade name Ontak) was an antineoplastic agent, an engineered protein combining interleukin-2 and diphtheria toxin. Denileukin diftitox could bind to interleukin-2 receptors and introduce the diphtheria toxin into cells that ...

:L01XX33

Celecoxib Celecoxib, sold under the brand name Celebrex among others, is a COX-2 inhibitor and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It is used to treat the pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis, acute pain in adults, rheumatoid arthritis, ankyl ...

:L01XX35

Anagrelide Anagrelide (Agrylin/Xagrid, Shire and Thromboreductin, AOP Orphan Pharmaceuticals AG) is a drug used for the treatment of essential thrombocytosis (also known as essential thrombocythemia), or overproduction of blood platelets. It also has been u ...

:L01XX36

Oblimersen Oblimersen (INN, trade name Genasense; also known as Augmerosen and bcl-2 antisense oligodeoxynucleotide G3139) is an antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide being studied as a possible treatment for several types of cancer, including chronic lymphocy ...

:L01XX40

Omacetaxine mepesuccinate Omacetaxine mepesuccinate (INN, trade names Synribo ), formerly named as homoharringtonine or HHT, is a pharmaceutical drug substance that is indicated for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). HHT is a natural plant alkaloid derived from ...

:L01XX41

Eribulin Eribulin, sold under the brand name Halaven, is an anticancer medication used to treat breast cancer and liposarcoma. The most common side effects include fatigue, nausea, hair loss (alopecia), constipation, certain nerve damage causing weaknes ...

:L01XX44

Aflibercept Aflibercept, sold under the brand names Eylea and Zaltrap, is a medication used to treat wet macular degeneration and metastatic colorectal cancer. It was developed by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and is approved in the United States and the Europe ...

:L01XX46

:L01XX52

Venetoclax Venetoclax, sold under the brand names Venclexta and Venclyxto, is a medication used to treat adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The most common side effects are l ...

:L01XX53 Vosaroxin :L01XX57

Plitidepsin Plitidepsin (also known as dehydrodidemnin B, marketed by PharmaMar, S.A. under the trade name Aplidin) is a chemical compound extracted from the ascidian ''Aplidium albicans''. It is currently undergoing clinical trial testing. It is a member o ...

:L01XX58

Epacadostat Epacadostat (previously INCB24360) is an investigational drug for cancer. Epacadostat is an inhibitor of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase-1 (IDO1). Epacadostat inhibits IDO1 by competitively blocking it, without interfering with IDO2 or tryptopha ...

:L01XX59 Enasidenib :L01XX62

Ivosidenib Ivosidenib, sold under the brand name Tibsovo, is an anti-cancer medication for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and cholangiocarcinoma. It is a small molecule inhibitor of isocitrate dehydrogenase-1 (IDH1), which is mutated in se ...

:L01XX66

Selinexor Selinexor sold under the brand name Xpovio among others, is a selective inhibitor of nuclear export used as an anti-cancer medication. It works by blocking the action of exportin 1 and thus blocking the transport of several proteins involved i ...

:L01XX67 Tagraxofusp :L01XX69

Lurbinectedin Lurbinectedin, sold under the brand name Zepzelca, is a medication used for the treatment of small cell lung cancer. The most common side effects include leukopenia, lymphopenia, fatigue, anemia, neutropenia, increased creatinine, increased al ...

:L01XX72

Tazemetostat Tazemetostat, sold under the brand name Tazverik, is a medication used for the treatment of adults and adolescents aged 16 years and older with metastatic (when cancer cells spread to other parts of the body) or locally advanced (when cancer ha ...

:L01XX73 Sotorasib :L01XX74 Belzutifan :L01XX75 Tebentafusp :L01XX77

Adagrasib Adagrasib, sold under the brand name Krazati, is an anticancer medication used to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Adagrasib is an inhibitor of the RAS GTPase family. It is taken by mouth. It is being developed by Mirati Therapeutics. The mo ...

:QL01XX91 Tigilanol tiglate :QL01XX92 Verdinexor

L01XY Combinations of antineoplastic agents

:L01XY01 Cytarabine and daunorubicin :L01XY02 Pertuzumab and trastuzumab :L01XY03 Nivolumab and relatlimab

References

{{Extracellular chemotherapeutic agents L01

L01A Alkylating agent Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another. The alkyl group may be transferred as an alkyl carbocation, a free radical, a carbanion, or a carbene (or their equivalents). Alkylating agents are reagents for effecting al ...s

L01AA Nitrogen mustard Nitrogen mustards are cytotoxic organic compounds with the chloroethylamine (Cl(CH2)2NR2) functional group. Although originally produced as chemical warfare agents, they were the first chemotherapeutic agents for treatment of cancer. Nitrogen m ... analogues