The following is a timeline of the

history History (derived ) is the systematic study and the documentation of the human activity. The time period of event before the invention of writing systems is considered prehistory. "History" is an umbrella term comprising past events as well ...

of the city of

York York is a cathedral city with Roman origins, sited at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England. It is the historic county town of Yorkshire. The city has many historic buildings and other structures, such as a ...

North Yorkshire North Yorkshire is the largest ceremonial counties of England, ceremonial county (lieutenancy area) in England, covering an area of . Around 40% of the county is covered by National parks of the United Kingdom, national parks, including most of ...

in northern England.

1st-4th centuries

* 71 – Quintus Petillius Cerialis and the Roman Legio VIIII Hispana establish a fort ('' castra'') above the River Ouse near its junction with the

Foss Fos or FOSS may refer to: Companies * Foss A/S, a Danish analytical instrument company *Foss Brewery, a former brewery in Oslo, Norway * Foss Maritime, a tugboat and shipping company Historic houses * Foss House (New Brighton, Minnesota), Unite ...

. City walls probably begun; enlarged until 3rd century. * 95–104 – Period of first recorded reference to the city as

Eboracum Eboracum () was a fort and later a city in the Roman province of Britannia. In its prime it was the largest town in northern Britain and a provincial capital. The site remained occupied after the decline of the Western Roman Empire and ultimat ...

. * 107-108 – Last dateable reference to the presence of Legio VIIII Hispana at Eboracum. * 119 –

Legio VI Victrix Legio VI Victrix ("Victorious Sixth Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army founded in 41 BC by the general Octavian (who, as Augustus, later became Rome's first emperor). It was the twin legion of VI ''Ferrata'' and perhaps held vet ...

arrive in Eboracum. * 122 – Emperor Hadrian may have visited the city during his visit to the province. * 190–212 – Period during which Claudius Hieronymianus is ''

legatus A ''legatus'' (; anglicised as legate) was a high-ranking Roman military officer in the Roman Army, equivalent to a modern high-ranking general officer. Initially used to delegate power, the term became formalised under Augustus as the officer ...

'' of Legio VI Victrix based in Eboracum and establishes a temple to

Serapis Serapis or Sarapis is a Graeco-Egyptian deity. The cult of Serapis was promoted during the third century BC on the orders of Greek Pharaoh Ptolemy I Soter of the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt as a means to unify the Greeks and Egyptians in his r ...

here. * 208–211 –

Septimius Severus Lucius Septimius Severus (; 11 April 145 – 4 February 211) was Roman emperor from 193 to 211. He was born in Leptis Magna (present-day Al-Khums, Libya) in the Roman province of Africa. As a young man he advanced through the customary suc ...

and the Imperial family at Eboracum.

Severus Severus is the name of various historical and fictional figures, including: ;Emperors of the Roman empire *Septimius Severus (145–211), Roman emperor from 193 to 211 (rarely known as ''Severus I.'') *Severus Caracalla (188–217), Roman emperor f ...

campaigns in the Roman invasion of Caledonia, but the city is used to overwinter. * 211 – 4 February: Roman emperor

dies at Eboracum. * c. 214 – Eboracum becomes the administrative centre of Britannia Inferior. * 306 – 25 July:

Constantine the Great Constantine I ( , ; la, Flavius Valerius Constantinus, ; ; 27 February 22 May 337), also known as Constantine the Great, was Roman emperor from AD 306 to 337, the first one to convert to Christianity. Born in Naissus, Dacia Mediterran ...

is acclaimed as Roman emperor by the troops in Eboracum on the death here of his father

Constantius Chlorus Flavius Valerius Constantius "Chlorus" ( – 25 July 306), also called Constantius I, was Roman emperor from 305 to 306. He was one of the four original members of the Tetrarchy established by Diocletian, first serving as caesar from 293 ...

. * 383 – Last substantial Roman presence in the north of England.

5th-10th centuries

* 625 – 21 July?: Paulinus is consecrated as first

Bishop of York The archbishop of York is a senior bishop in the Church of England, second only to the archbishop of Canterbury. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and the metropolitan bishop of the province of York, which covers ...

. * 627 – Paulinus establishes the first (temporary wooden)

York Minster The Cathedral and Metropolitical Church of Saint Peter in York, commonly known as York Minster, is the cathedral of York, North Yorkshire, England, and is one of the largest of its kind in Northern Europe. The minster is the seat of the Arch ...

for the baptism of King

Edwin of Northumbria Edwin ( ang, Ēadwine; c. 586 – 12 October 632/633), also known as Eadwine or Æduinus, was the King of Deira and Bernicia – which later became known as Northumbria – from about 616 until his death. He converted to Christi ...

; and also St Peter's School. * 637 – Stone-built predecessor of York Minster dedicated to St Peter completed. * 735 – Bishop Ecgbert is elevated to become first

Archbishop of York The archbishop of York is a senior bishop in the Church of England, second only to the archbishop of Canterbury. The archbishop is the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of York and the metropolitan bishop of the province of York, which covers th ...

. He establishes a library and school. * 741 – Minster destroyed by fire; subsequently rebuilt on a larger scale. * 866 – November: The "

Great Heathen Army The Great Heathen Army,; da, Store Hedenske Hær also known as the Viking Great Army,Hadley. "The Winter Camp of the Viking Great Army, AD 872–3, Torksey, Lincolnshire", ''Antiquaries Journal''. 96, pp. 23–67 was a coalition of Scandin ...

" of

Vikings Vikings ; non, víkingr is the modern name given to seafaring people originally from Scandinavia (present-day Denmark, Norway and Sweden), who from the late 8th to the late 11th centuries raided, pirated, traded and ...

led by

Ivar the Boneless Ivar the Boneless ( non, Ívarr hinn Beinlausi ; died c. 873), also known as Ivar Ragnarsson, was a Viking leader who invaded England and Ireland. According to the ''Tale of Ragnar Lodbrok'', he was the son of Ragnar Loðbrok and his wife Asl ...

capture York. * 867 – 21 March: Danes defeat a Northumbrian counterattack against York, killing their kings Osberht and Ælla and installing a puppet ruler, Ecgberht. * 876 – Danes capture southern

Northumbria la, Regnum Northanhymbrorum , conventional_long_name = Kingdom of Northumbria , common_name = Northumbria , status = State , status_text = Unified Anglian kingdom (before 876)North: Anglian kingdom (af ...

and found the

Kingdom of York Scandinavian York ( non, Jórvík) Viking Yorkshire or Norwegian York is a term used by historians for the south of Northumbria (modern-day Yorkshire) during the period of the late 9th century and first half of the 10th century, when it was do ...

perhaps under

Halfdan Ragnarsson Halfdan Ragnarsson ( non, Hálfdan; oe, Halfdene or ''Healfdene''; sga, Albann; died 877) was a Viking leader and a commander of the Great Heathen Army which invaded the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of England, starting in 865. One of six sons of R ...

. * c. 897 –

Mint MiNT is Now TOS (MiNT) is a free software alternative operating system kernel for the Atari ST system and its successors. It is a multi-tasking alternative to TOS and MagiC. Together with the free system components fVDI device drivers, XaA ...

re-established in the city. * c. 919 – The Norse–Gael leader

Ragnall ua Ímair Ragnall mac Bárid ua Ímair ( non, Rǫgnvaldr , died 921) or Rægnald was a Viking leader who ruled Northumbria and the Isle of Man in the early 10th century. He was a grandson of Ímar and a member of the Uí Ímair. Ragnall was most probably ...

captures York. * 927 –

Æthelstan Æthelstan or Athelstan (; ang, Æðelstān ; on, Aðalsteinn; ; – 27 October 939) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to his death in 939. He was the son of King Edward the Elder and his fir ...

, King of the Anglo-Saxons, expels

Gofraid ua Ímair Gofraid ua Ímair or Guthfrith of Ivar ( non, Guðrøðr , la, Guthfridus, fl. from AD 918 until death in 934) was a Hiberno-Scandinavian (people of Gaelic and Scandinavian birth and Culture) and Viking leader who ruled Dublin and briefly Vik ...

from York. * 939 – The Norse-Gael King of Dublin Olaf III Guthfrithsson captures York. * 944 – King

Edmund I of England Edmund I or Eadmund I (920/921 – 26 May 946) was King of the English from 27 October 939 until his death in 946. He was the elder son of King Edward the Elder and his third wife, Queen Eadgifu, and a grandson of King Alfred the Great. After ...

takes York from the Vikings. * 947 –

Eric Bloodaxe Eric Haraldsson ( non, Eiríkr Haraldsson , no, Eirik Haraldsson; died 954), nicknamed Bloodaxe ( non, blóðøx , no, Blodøks) and Brother-Slayer ( la, fratrum interfector), was a 10th-century Norwegian king. He ruled as King of Norway from ...

becomes

king of Northumbria Northumbria, a kingdom of Angles, in what is now northern England and south-east Scotland, was initially divided into two kingdoms: Bernicia and Deira. The two were first united by king Æthelfrith around the year 604, and except for occasional ...

for the first time at the invitation of Wulfstan I, Archbishop of York. * 954 – Eric Bloodaxe is deposed and subsequently killed.

11th–14th centuries

* 1055 -

Siward, Earl of Northumbria Siward ( or more recently ) or Sigurd ( ang, Sigeweard, non, Sigurðr digri) was an important earl of 11th-century northern England. The Old Norse nickname ''Digri'' and its Latin translation ''Grossus'' ("the stout") are given to him by near-c ...

dies and is buried in St Olave's Church. * 1065 – 3 October: Northumbrian rebels capture

, outlaw

Harold Godwinson Harold Godwinson ( – 14 October 1066), also called Harold II, was the last crowned Anglo-Saxon English king. Harold reigned from 6 January 1066 until his death at the Battle of Hastings, fighting the Norman invaders led by William the ...

's brother Tostig and choose Morcar of Northumbria as their new earl. * 1068 – Morcar leads a revolt in Northumbria, but

William the Conqueror William I; ang, WillelmI (Bates ''William the Conqueror'' p. 33– 9 September 1087), usually known as William the Conqueror and sometimes William the Bastard, was the first House of Normandy, Norman List of English monarchs#House of Norman ...

defeats the rebels at York and builds a wooden

motte-and-bailey castle A motte-and-bailey castle is a European fortification with a wooden or stone keep situated on a raised area of ground called a motte, accompanied by a walled courtyard, or bailey, surrounded by a protective ditch and palisade. Relatively easy t ...

probably on the later site of

York Castle York Castle is a fortified complex in the city of York, England. It consists of a sequence of castles, prisons, law courts and other buildings, which were built over the last nine centuries on the south side of the River Foss. The now-ruined ...

. * 1069 – c. 28 January: Northumbrian rebels attack York. * Winter of 1069–1070 – Harrying of the North: William quells rebellions in the North of England brutally and builds a second motte-and-bailey castle, probably that on Baile Hill. * 1070 – 23 May: The first Norman Archbishop,

Thomas of Bayeux Thomas of Bayeux (died 1100) was Archbishop of York from 1070 until 1100. He was educated at Liège and became a royal chaplain to Duke William of Normandy, who later became King William I of England. After the Norman Conquest, the king ...

, is appointed and begins rebuilding of

. * 1088 – January/February: St Mary's Abbey re-established. * 1126 – Archbishoprics of Canterbury and of York declared equal. * 1137 – 4 June:

and city are severely damaged by a fire, but the Minster is soon rebuilt; St Peter's Hospital is replaced by St Leonard's. * 1154 – Ouse Bridge collapses under the weight of a crowd gathered to greet Archbishop

William of York William of York (late 11th century – 8 June 1154) was an English priest and twice Archbishop of York, before and after a rival, Henry Murdac. He was thought to be related to King Stephen of England, who helped to secure his election to the ...

on his return from exile. On 8 June William dies, apparently poisoned at Mass. * 1182 – Charter granted to citizens. * 1190 – 16 March: A mob besieges 150

Jews Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The ...

(including their leader Josce) in Clifford's Tower of

, allowing to be killed by fire those who do not commit suicide. * 1212 – 9 July: Royal charter granted allowing citizens to collect their own taxes and appoint a mayor (first known 1217). * 1220 – Re-building of

in Gothic style begins under Archbishop

Walter de Gray Walter de Gray (died 1 May 1255) was an English prelate and statesman who was Archbishop of York from 1215 to 1255 and Lord Chancellor from 1205 to 1214. His uncle was John de Gray, who was a bishop and royal servant to King John of England. Af ...

(dies 1255), starting with the south transept (completed about 1240). * 1228 – Christmas: During a visit by King Henry III, a gale destroys the wooden keep at

. * 1237 – 25 September:

Treaty of York The Treaty of York was an agreement between the kings Henry III of England and Alexander II of Scotland, signed at York on 25 September 1237, which affirmed that Northumberland (which at the time also encompassed County Durham), Cumberland, and ...

signed between

Henry III of England Henry III (1 October 1207 – 16 November 1272), also known as Henry of Winchester, was King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine from 1216 until his death in 1272. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême, Henry a ...

and his brother-in-law

Alexander II of Scotland Alexander II ( Medieval Gaelic: '; Modern Gaelic: '; 24 August 1198 – 6 July 1249) was King of Scotland from 1214 until his death. He concluded the Treaty of York (1237) which defined the boundary between England and Scotland, virtually un ...

. * 1244 – Henry III orders rebuilding of the castle in stone, work which is completed about 1272. * c. 1260 – In

** Construction of the north transept is completed and the Five Sisters window (in

grisaille Grisaille ( or ; french: grisaille, lit=greyed , from ''gris'' 'grey') is a painting executed entirely in shades of grey or of another neutral greyish colour. It is particularly used in large decorative schemes in imitation of sculpture. Many g ...

) installed. ** Construction of the octagonal chapter house in the Decorated style (completed by 1296) begins. * 1291 – Construction of the nave of York Minster begins. * 1295 - The city returns two members to parliament. * 1298–1304 – King Edward houses the national

Exchequer In the civil service of the United Kingdom, His Majesty’s Exchequer, or just the Exchequer, is the accounting process of central government and the government's '' current account'' (i.e., money held from taxation and other government revenu ...

(at the castle) and Chancery (at the abbey) in York. * 1316 – Lady Row built in

Goodramgate Goodramgate is a street in the city centre of York, in England. History The area now covered by Goodramgate lay within the walls of Roman Eboracum. The street runs diagonally across the line of former Roman buildings, from the Porta Decumana ( ...

. * 1319 – 20 September:

First War of Scottish Independence The First War of Scottish Independence was the first of a series of wars between English and Scottish forces. It lasted from the English invasion of Scotland in 1296 until the ''de jure'' restoration of Scottish independence with the Treaty ...

: Scottish victory at the

Battle of Myton The Battle of Myton, nicknamed the Chapter of Myton or The White Battle because of the number of clergy involved, was a major engagement in the First Scottish War of Independence, fought in Yorkshire on 20 September 1319. Berwick Falls In Apr ...

over defenders from York. Many priests and the mayor of York are killed. * 1322 -

Great Raid of 1322 The Great Raid of 1322 was a major raid carried out by Robert the Bruce, during the First Scottish War of Independence, on Northern England between 30 September and 2 November 1322, resulting in the Battle of Old Byland. Numerous raids began ...

plagued the north of England with a Scottish victory at the

Battle of Old Byland The Battle of Old Byland (also known as the Battle of Byland Abbey, the Battle of Byland Moor and the Battle of Scotch Corner) was a significant encounter between Scots and English troops in Yorkshire in October 1322, forming part of the War ...

nearby. Suburbs of York was raided. * 1328 – King Edward marries

Philippa of Hainault Philippa of Hainault (sometimes spelled Hainaut; Middle French: ''Philippe de Hainaut''; 24 June 1310 (or 1315) – 15 August 1369) was Queen of England as the wife and political adviser of King Edward III. She acted as regent in 1346,Stricklan ...

in the Minster. A tournament is held in their honour. * 1335 – Parliament meets in

; subsequently it will normally meet at

Westminster Westminster is an area of Central London, part of the wider City of Westminster. The area, which extends from the River Thames to Oxford Street, has many visitor attractions and historic landmarks, including the Palace of Westminster, B ...

(London). * 1337 – c. 8 July: Death of

William of Hatfield King Edward III of England and his wife, Philippa of Hainault, had eight sons and five daughters. The Wars of the Roses were fought between the different factions of Edward III's descendants. The following list outlines the genealogy supporting ...

, second son of Edward III and Queen Philippa, at only a few months old; he is buried in the Minster. * 1344 – Mint established at the castle. * 1349 – May: Black Death reaches York. 50% of the population die. * 1350s – Construction of the nave of

completed. The great west window becomes known as the "Heart of Yorkshire". * 1357 –

Merchant Adventurers' Hall The Merchant Adventurers' Hall is a medieval guildhall in the city of York, England. It is a Grade I listed building and scheduled ancient monument. History The majority of the Hall was built in 1357 by a group of influential men and women w ...

construction begins. * 1361 – Construction of the lady chapel, presbytery and choir of

Perpendicular In elementary geometry, two geometric objects are perpendicular if they intersect at a right angle (90 degrees or π/2 radians). The condition of perpendicularity may be represented graphically using the ''perpendicular symbol'', ⟂. It ca ...

style begun, by Archbishop

John of Thoresby John of Thoresby (died 6 November 1373) was an English clergyman and politician, who was Bishop of St David's, then Bishop of Worcester and finally Archbishop of York. He was Lord Chancellor of England under King Edward III starting from 134 ...

. * 1376 – Corpus Christi (feast): Earliest record of

York Mystery Plays The York Mystery Plays, more properly the York Corpus Christi Plays, are a Middle English cycle of 48 mystery plays or pageants covering sacred history from the creation to the Last Judgment. They were traditionally presented on the feast day ...

, although they probably originate from the 1340s. * 1381 – Summer:

Peasants’ Revolt The Peasants' Revolt, also named Wat Tyler's Rebellion or the Great Rising, was a major uprising across large parts of England in 1381. The revolt had various causes, including the socio-economic and political tensions generated by the Black ...

. Unrest in York lasts for a year. * 1389 – Office of mayor raised to

Lord Mayor of York The Lord Mayor of York is the chairman of City of York Council, first citizen and civic head of York. The appointment is made by the council each year in May, at the same time appointing a sheriff, the city's other civic head. York's lord mayor ...

, second in precedence only to the Lord Mayor of London. * 1396 –

King Richard II Richard II (6 January 1367 – ), also known as Richard of Bordeaux, was King of England from 1377 until he was deposed in 1399. He was the son of Edward the Black Prince, Prince of Wales, and Joan, Countess of Kent. Richard's father d ...

grants a charter to the city making it a county corporate.

15th–16th centuries

* c. 1400 – Lantern tower of All Saints’ Church, Pavement, built. * 1405 – 8 June: Following the collapse of a revolt in the north begun in April by the

House of Percy A house is a single-unit residential building. It may range in complexity from a rudimentary hut to a complex structure of wood, masonry, concrete or other material, outfitted with plumbing, electrical, and heating, ventilation, and air co ...

in which they participated and trial by a special commission, Richard Scrope, Archbishop of York, and others are beheaded at York. * 1407 –

’s central tower collapses due to poor foundations; it is rebuilt from 1420 in

style. * 1408 – York Minster east window, the world's largest expanse of medieval glass (begun c. 1405), is completed by glass painter John Thornton of Coventry. * 1434 – Mulberry Hall built. * c. 1450 – Choir of

completed. * 1453 –

York Guildhall York Guildhall is a municipal building located behind York's Mansion House. It is a Grade I listed building. History The building was constructed as a meeting place for the City's guilds between 1449 and 1459. King Richard III was enter ...

opens. * 1460 – St William's College founded. * 1464 – 1 June:

signed between England and Scotland. * 1471 – 14 March:

Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses (1455–1487), known at the time and for more than a century after as the Civil Wars, were a series of civil wars fought over control of the English throne in the mid-to-late fifteenth century. These wars were fought bet ...

: The deposed Edward IV of England lands with a small force at Ravenspur, moving on speedily to secure York. * 1472 –

consecrated following completion of its west towers. * 1476 – 13 March:

Richard of Gloucester Richard III (2 October 145222 August 1485) was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 26 June 1483 until his death in 1485. He was the last king of the House of York and the last of the Plantagenet dynasty. His defeat and death at the ...

addresses civic officials within Bootham Bar proclaiming he is present to keep his brother the king's peace. * 1483 – 8 September:

Edward of Middleham Edward of Middleham, Prince of Wales ( or 1476 9 April 1484), was the son and heir apparent of King Richard III of England by his wife Anne Neville. He was Richard's only legitimate child and died aged ten. Birth and titles Edward was born at ...

is invested as

Prince of Wales Prince of Wales ( cy, Tywysog Cymru, ; la, Princeps Cambriae/Walliae) is a title traditionally given to the heir apparent to the English and later British throne. Prior to the conquest by Edward I in the 13th century, it was used by the rulers ...

by his father the new king Richard III of England at the Archbishop's Palace. * 1486 & 1487 – King Henry VII visits. * c. 1500 – Rose window installed in

commemorating the end of the

in 1487. * 1525–36 – New church of St Michael le Belfrey built (John Forman, master mason). * 1536 – c. October:

Pilgrimage of Grace The Pilgrimage of Grace was a popular revolt beginning in Yorkshire in October 1536, before spreading to other parts of Northern England including Cumberland, Northumberland, and north Lancashire, under the leadership of Robert Aske. The "most ...

occupies York. * 1538 – Dissolution of the Monasteries: York Franciscan Friary dissolved. * 1539 – Dissolution of the Monasteries: St Mary's Abbey and the adjacent St Leonard's Hospital are dissolved.

King's Manor The King's Manor is a Grade I listed building in York, England, and is part of the University of York. It lies on Exhibition Square, in the city centre. History King's Manor was originally built to house the abbots of St Mary's Abbey, York. ...

becomes the headquarter of the

Council of the North The Council of the North was an administrative body first set up in 1484 by King Richard III of England, to improve access to conciliar justice in Northern England. This built upon steps by King Edward IV of England in delegating authority in the ...

. * 1541 – King Henry VIII visits. * 1569 –

suppressed. * 1586 – 25 March:

Margaret Clitherow Margaret Clitherow (1556 – 25 March 1586) was an English saint and martyr of the Roman Catholic Church, known as "the Pearl of York". She was pressed to death for refusing to enter a plea to the charge of harbouring Catholic priests. She was ...

martyred by ''

peine forte et dure ' (Law French for "hard and forceful punishment") was a method of torture formerly used in the common law legal system, in which a defendant who refused to plead ("stood mute") would be subjected to having heavier and heavier stones placed upon ...

'' for refusing to plead to a charge of harbouring Catholic priests. * 1596 – 29 November: George Errington,

William Gibson William Ford Gibson (born March 17, 1948) is an American-Canadian speculative fiction writer and essayist widely credited with pioneering the science fiction subgenre known as ''cyberpunk''. Beginning his writing career in the late 1970s, hi ...

and William Knight martyred by hanging, drawing and quartering for professing their Catholic faith.

17th century

* 1616 – June: First waterworks and piped water supply. * 1617 –

King James I James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until hi ...

visits. * 1633 – King Charles I visits. * 1642 – 19 March–3 July: Charles I holds court at York. The Great Seal of the Realm is sent to him here on 17 May. * 1644 ** 16 July:

First English Civil War The First English Civil War took place in England and Wales from 1642 to 1646, and forms part of the 1639 to 1653 Wars of the Three Kingdoms. They include the Bishops' Wars, the Irish Confederate Wars, the Second English Civil War, the Anglo ...

: Parliamentary forces capture York;

Thomas Fairfax Thomas Fairfax, 3rd Lord Fairfax of Cameron (17 January 161212 November 1671), also known as Sir Thomas Fairfax, was an English politician, general and Parliamentary commander-in-chief during the English Civil War. An adept and talented command ...

prevents damage to the Minster and churches. **

Ye Olde Starre Inne Ye Olde Starre Inne is a pub in the city centre of York, in England. The main block of the pub is a timber-framed structure, constructed in the mid-16th century, and a wing to its left was added in about 1600. By 1644, it was an inn named "The ...

licensed. * 1653 – 18 April: London–York stagecoach first recorded. * 1673 – 18 April: Viscount Fairfax throws a party to mark his remodelling of Fairfax House. * 1674 –

Friends meeting house A Friends meeting house is a meeting house of the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers), where meeting for worship is usually held. Typically, Friends meeting houses are simple and resemble local residential buildings. Steeples, spires, and ...

in Friargate first built. * 1676 – Highwayman John Nevison rides from Kent to York in a day to establish an

alibi An alibi (from the Latin, '' alibī'', meaning "somewhere else") is a statement by a person, who is a possible perpetrator of a crime, of where they were at the time a particular offence was committed, which is somewhere other than where the crim ...

. * 1677 – York Waterworks re-established. * 1679 – 7 August: Nicholas Postgate is hanged, drawn and quartered on the Knavesmire for being a Roman Catholic priest. * 1684 – 23 April: A gunpowder explosion guts Clifford's Tower at

, leading to the city being abandoned as a military garrison. * 1686 – 5 November: Bar Convent established, making it the oldest surviving active Catholic convent in England. * 1694 – First corporation fire engine purchased. * 1695 – Grays, solicitors, established.

18th century

* 1705 ** Debtor's Prison completed at

. ** Blue Coat School, York & The Grey Coat School founded. * 1709 – Earliest record of horse racing on Clifton Ings. * 1719 – 23 February: Publication of the city's first newspaper, the ''York Mercury'', by Grace White. * 1726 – Judges' Lodgings completed as a townhouse for physician Clifton Wintringham senior. * 1730 – New Walk laid out. * c. 1731 – First horse races at

York Racecourse York Racecourse is a horse racing venue in York, North Yorkshire, England. It is the third biggest racecourse in Britain in terms of total prize money offered, and second behind Ascot in prize money offered per meeting. It attracts around 350 ...

on the Knavesmire. * 1732 ** August: York Assembly Rooms (designed in

Palladian Palladian architecture is a European architectural style derived from the work of the Venetian architect Andrea Palladio (1508–1580). What is today recognised as Palladian architecture evolved from his concepts of symmetry, perspective and ...

style by

Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington and 4th Earl of Cork, (25 April 1694 – 4 December 1753) was a British architect and noble often called the "Apollo of the Arts" and the "Architect Earl". The son of the 2nd Earl of Burlington and 3rd Ea ...

) opened. ** Mansion House (begun 1725) completed as an official residence for the Lord Mayor. * 1739 – 7 April: Essex highwayman and murderer

Dick Turpin Richard Turpin (bapt. 21 September 1705 – 7 April 1739) was an English highwayman whose exploits were romanticised following his execution in York for horse theft. Turpin may have followed his father's trade as a butcher ea ...

hanged at the "York Tyburn" on the Knavesmire for horse stealing following imprisonment in

and trial at York Assizes there. * 1740 – April:

York County Hospital York County Hospital (1740–1977) was a hospital in York, England. The building, which is grade II listed, has been converted for residential use. History The hospital has its origins in a small hospital established in Monkgate in April 1740. ...

established. * 1744 – New

Theatre Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of performing art that uses live performers, usually actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage. The perform ...

opened. * 1759 – December:

Laurence Sterne Laurence Sterne (24 November 1713 – 18 March 1768), was an Anglo-Irish novelist and Anglican cleric who wrote the novels ''The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman'' and '' A Sentimental Journey Through France and Italy'', publishe ...

has the first two volumes of his comic metafictional novel ''

The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman ''The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman'', also known as ''Tristram Shandy'', is a novel by Laurence Sterne, inspired by '' Don Quixote''. It was published in nine volumes, the first two appearing in 1759, and seven others follow ...

'' printed at York in the shop owned by Ann Ward. * 1767 – Establishment of the confectionery business which would later become Terry's. * 1769 – 8 April: The Theatre Royal reopens under this title having been granted a Royal Patent under its manager

Tate Wilkinson Tate Wilkinson (27 October 173916 November 1803) was an English actor and manager. Life He was the son of a clergyman and was sent to Harrow. His first attempts at acting were badly received, and it was to his wonderful gift of mimicry that h ...

. * 1770 – Holgate Windmill built. * 1774 – Acomb and Holgate

Inclosure Act The Inclosure Acts, which use an archaic spelling of the word now usually spelt "enclosure", cover enclosure of open fields and common land in England and Wales, creating legal property rights to land previously held in common. Between 1604 and 1 ...

. * 1777 ** In the courtyard of

*** Assize Courts (designed by John Carr) are completed. *** The central circle is grassed in as the "Eye of the Ridings". ** The County Lunatic Asylum (designed by John Carr), origin of

Bootham Park Hospital Bootham Park Hospital was a psychiatric hospital, located in the Bootham district of York, England. It was managed by the Tees, Esk and Wear Valleys NHS Foundation Trust. The main building is a Grade I listed building. History Construction an ...

, is completed. * 1778 – Clock at church of St Martin Coney Street erected. * 1780–1785 – New Female Prison (designed by John Carr) built at

. * 1783 – May:

John Goodricke John Goodricke FRS (17 September 1764 – 20 April 1786) was an English amateur astronomer. He is best known for his observations of the variable star Algol (Beta Persei) in 1782. Life and work John Goodricke, named after his great-grandfath ...

presents his conclusions that the

variable star A variable star is a star whose brightness as seen from Earth (its apparent magnitude) changes with time. This variation may be caused by a change in emitted light or by something partly blocking the light, so variable stars are classified as e ...

Algol ALGOL (; short for "Algorithmic Language") is a family of imperative computer programming languages originally developed in 1958. ALGOL heavily influenced many other languages and was the standard method for algorithm description used by the ...

is what comes to be known as an

eclipsing binary A binary star is a system of two stars that are gravitationally bound to and in orbit around each other. Binary stars in the night sky that are seen as a single object to the naked eye are often resolved using a telescope as separate stars, in w ...

to the

Royal Society The Royal Society, formally The Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge, is a learned society and the United Kingdom's national academy of sciences. The society fulfils a number of roles: promoting science and its benefits, re ...

of London. * 1784 – 19 October: John Goodricke begins his observations of the variable star Delta Cephei. * 1788 – Public dispensary for the poor opened at

. * 1794 – April: Foss Navigation Company begins improvement of the

River Foss The River Foss is in North Yorkshire, England. It is a tributary of the River Ouse. It rises in the Foss Crooks Woods near Oulston Reservoir close to the village of Yearsley and runs south through the Vale of York to the Ouse in the centre of ...

. Monk Bridge built (designed by Peter Atkinson). * 1796 –

The Retreat The Retreat, commonly known as the York Retreat, is a place in England for the treatment of people with mental health needs. Located in Lamel Hill in York, it operates as a not for profit charitable organisation. Opened in 1796, it is famous ...

established by the Quaker

William Tuke William Tuke (24 March 1732 – 6 December 1822), an English tradesman, philanthropist and Quaker, earned fame for promoting more humane custody and care for people with mental disorders, using what he called gentler methods that came to be ...

, pioneering the humane treatment of people with

mental disorder A mental disorder, also referred to as a mental illness or psychiatric disorder, is a behavioral or mental pattern that causes significant distress or impairment of personal functioning. Such features may be persistent, relapsing and remitt ...

19th century

* 1803–1842 –

Manchester Academy The Manchester Academy, originally known as the University of Manchester Main Hall, is composed of four concert venues, located on the campus of the University of Manchester, in Manchester, England. The four venues are: Academy 1, 2 and 3 ...

is relocated to York in order to have the Unitarian

Charles Wellbeloved Charles Wellbeloved (6 April 1769 – 29 August 1858) was an English Unitarian divine and archaeologist. Biography Charles Wellbeloved, only child of John Wellbeloved (1742–1787), by his wife Elizabeth Plaw, was born in Denmark Street, St ...

as its head. * 1811 – Quaker William Alexander opens a book and stationery shop in Castlegate, later taken over by the Sessions family of printers. * 1812 – New stone Foss Bridge (designed by Peter Atkinson) completed. * c. 1815 –

George Hudson George Hudson (probably 10 March 1800 – 14 December 1871) was an English railway financier and politician who, because he controlled a significant part of the railway network in the 1840s, became known as "The Railway King"—a title conferr ...

moves to York. * 1821 – New Ouse Bridge (designed by Peter Atkinson) completed. * 1822 – Joseph Rowntree opens a grocery shop, origin of the

Rowntree's Rowntree's is a British confectionery brand and former business based in York, England. Rowntree developed the Kit Kat (introduced in 1935), Aero (introduced in 1935), Fruit Pastilles (introduced in 1881), Smarties (introduced in 1937) brands ...

chocolate business. * 1823 ** September: Music festival held in the Cathedral. ** York Gas Light Company incorporated, opening its works at

Layerthorpe Layerthorpe is a village in the unitary authority area of the City of York, North Yorkshire, England. It is outside the city walls of York. The road through Layerthorpe from the bridge over the River Foss to Heworth is also shares the same na ...

by March 1824. * 1824 – 1 September: Yorkshire Fire & Life Insurance Company opens for business. * 1825 – Mary Tuke opens the

Tuke family The Tuke family of York were a family of Quaker innovators involved in establishing: * Rowntree's Cocoa Works * The Retreat Mental Hospital *three Quaker schools - Ackworth, Bootham, and The Mount They included four generations. The main Tukes ...

grocery shop, origin of the

cocoa business. * 1827 –

Yorkshire Philosophical Society The Yorkshire Philosophical Society (YPS) is a charitable learned society (charity reg. 529709) which aims to promote the public understanding of the natural sciences, the social sciences, and the archaeology and history of York and Yorkshire. ...

begins excavation of St Mary's Abbey, prior to construction of the

Yorkshire Museum The Yorkshire Museum is a museum in York, England. It was opened in 1830, and has five permanent collections, covering biology, geology, archaeology, numismatics and astronomy. History The museum was founded by the Yorkshire Philosophical Soc ...

on part of the site. * 1829 – 1–2 February:

choir and nave roof are extensively damaged in a fire started by religious fanatic Jonathan Martin (who is subsequently acquitted of arson on the grounds of

insanity Insanity, madness, lunacy, and craziness are behaviors performed by certain abnormal mental or behavioral patterns. Insanity can be manifest as violations of societal norms, including a person or persons becoming a danger to themselves or t ...

). * 1830 – February:

(designed in the

Greek Revival The Greek Revival was an architectural movement which began in the middle of the 18th century but which particularly flourished in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, predominantly in northern Europe and the United States and Canada, but a ...

style by William Wilkins) opened by

in the grounds of St Mary's Abbey. * 1832 – 2 June: 1829–51 cholera pandemic spreads to York. * 1833–36 – St Leonard's Place built. * 1836 ** First unified police force established. ** York Public Cemetery Company founded. ** First large

bathhouse Public baths originated when most people in population centers did not have access to private bathing facilities. Though termed "public", they have often been restricted according to gender, religious affiliation, personal membership, and other cr ...

in the city built at the bottom of

Marygate Marygate is a street in York, England, running just north of the city centre. Built in the Middle Ages, it gets its name from St Mary's Abbey and the Viking word "gata," meaning street. The area where the street lies was outside the walls of th ...

. * 1837 – Walker Iron Foundry established. * 1839 – 29 May: York & North Midland Railway opens the city's first railway station. * 1840 ** 11 May: Chartist leader

Feargus O'Connor Feargus Edward O'Connor (18 July 1796 – 30 August 1855) was an Irish Chartist leader and advocate of the Land Plan, which sought to provide smallholdings for the labouring classes. A highly charismatic figure, O'Connor was admired for his ...

is sentenced to imprisonment in

for

seditious libel Sedition and seditious libel were criminal offences under English common law, and are still criminal offences in Canada. Sedition is overt conduct, such as speech and organization, that is deemed by the legal authority to tend toward insurrection ...

over speeches published in ''

The Northern Star ''The Northern Star'' is a daily newspaper serving Lismore, New South Wales, Australia. The newspaper is owned by News Corp Australia. ''The Northern Star'' is circulated to Lismore and surrounding communities, from Tweed Heads to the nort ...

''. ** 20 May:

's nave roof is destroyed in an accidental fire. ** 17 July: Wesleyan Centenary Chapel is opened. * 1842 – First railway works constructed. * 1844 – York Gas Light Company and York Union Gas Light Company amalgamated. * 1845 – York Penitentiary Society formed to provide a refuge for reformed prostitutes. * 1846 – York New Waterworks Company formed. * 1851–52 – Walker Iron Foundry supply forecourt railings for the

British Museum The British Museum is a public museum dedicated to human history, art and culture located in the Bloomsbury area of London. Its permanent collection of eight million works is among the largest and most comprehensive in existence. It docum ...

in London. * 1853 – York Drainage and Sanitary Improvement Act provides for the city corporation to purchase the

and improve drainage. * 1862 – Quaker Henry Isaac Rowntree buys out the chocolate and cocoa departments of the

confectioners, origin of the

business. * 1863 – 8 January:

Lendal Bridge There are nine bridges across the River Ouse within the city of York, England, and sixteen smaller bridges and passages across the narrower River Foss. Bridges over the Ouse The earliest bridge, built by the Romans, linked Stonegate (the ''vi ...

(designed by Thomas Page) opened. * 1868 – 31 October: New Corn Exchange opens for business. * 1877 – 25 June: North Eastern Railway opens new (modern-day)

York railway station York railway station is on the East Coast Main Line serving the city of York, North Yorkshire, England. It is north of and on the main line it is situated between to the south and to the north. , the station is operated by London North Ea ...

. * 1880 ** 27 October: York Tramways Company inaugurates its first horse-drawn tram service. ** Burgins perfumiers established. ** The Foss Islands branch line opens * 1881 – 10 March:

Skeldergate Bridge There are nine bridges across the River Ouse within the city of York, England, and sixteen smaller bridges and passages across the narrower River Foss. Bridges over the Ouse The earliest bridge, built by the Romans, linked Stonegate (the ''vi ...

opened. * 1882 **

York Art Gallery York Art Gallery is a public art gallery in York, England, with a collection of paintings from 14th-century to contemporary, prints, watercolours, drawings, and ceramics. It closed for major redevelopment in 2013, reopening in summer of 2015. T ...

opened. ** '' The Evening Press'' begins publication. * 1884 – North Eastern Railway begins production at York Carriage Works. Holgate is incorporated into the city. * 1888 - County borough was created. * 1890 – Browns department store established. * 1894 – August: Lendal Bridge freed of toll. * 1895 – Major sewerage scheme opened. * 1899 –

Seebohm Rowntree Benjamin Seebohm Rowntree, CH (7 July 1871 – 7 October 1954) was an English sociological researcher, social reformer and industrialist. He is known in particular for his three York studies of poverty conducted in 1899, 1935, and 1951. The fi ...

undertakes his first York study of poverty.

20th century

* 1900 – Corporation opens electricity generating works at

resulting in the opening of Foss Island Power Station. * 1901 **

publishes '' Poverty, A Study of Town Life'' based on a sociological survey of York. ** Population: 77,914. * 1902–1904 – Construction of the model village of

New Earswick New Earswick is a model village and civil parish in the unitary authority of City of York in North Yorkshire, England, near the River Foss, north of York and south of Haxby. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 2,812, red ...

. * 1906 – 24 November: North Eastern Railway opens new headquarters offices. * 1908 ** 23 November: New Picture Palace, the former Wesleyan Methodist New Street Hall, opened as the city's first permanent cinema. **

York City F.C. York City Football Club is a professional association football club based in the city of York, North Yorkshire, England. As of the 2022–23 season, the team compete in the National League, at the fifth tier of the English football league ...

founded as an amateur

Association football Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players who primarily use their feet to propel the ball around a rectangular field called a pitch. The objective of the game is ...

club. * 1910 – 20 January: York Corporation Tramways inaugurates an electric service. * 1911 ** 13 July: A strike by millers leads to rioting. ** Electric Cinema, Fossgate, opened, the city's first purpose-built cinema. * c.1912 – Piccadilly laid out. * 1914 – 1 April:

freed of toll. * 1916 – 2 May:

Zeppelin A Zeppelin is a type of rigid airship named after the German inventor Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin () who pioneered rigid airship development at the beginning of the 20th century. Zeppelin's notions were first formulated in 1874Eckener 1938, pp ...

raid on York kills 9. * 1922 ** 6 May:

re-founded. ** The London & North Eastern Railway begins to set up a private museum around the station area, origin of the

National Railway Museum The National Railway Museum is a museum in York forming part of the Science Museum Group. The museum tells the story of rail transport in Britain and its impact on society. It is the home of the national collection of historically significant ...

. * 1926 – ** Terry's open

The Chocolate Works The Chocolate Works, also known as Terry's Chocolate Works, was the confectionery factory of Terry's of York, England. Opened in 1926, it closed in 2005 with the loss of 300 jobs, with production moved to other Kraft Foods sites in mainland Eur ...

. ** York sugar beet factory opens. * 1935 – 16 November: York Corporation Tramways closed and replaced by motor bus services. * 1937 ** September: Regal Cinema opens; Odeon, Blossom Street, also opens this year. ** Acomb incorporated into the city. * 1938 – 23 April:

York Castle Museum York Castle Museum is a museum located in York, North Yorkshire, England, on the site of York Castle, which was originally built by William the Conqueror in 1068. The museum itself was founded by John L. Kirk in 1938, and is housed in prison b ...

opened. * 1942 ** 28/29 April:

Baedeker Blitz The Baedeker Blitz or Baedeker raids were a series of aerial attacks in April and May 1942 by the German ''Luftwaffe'' on English cities during the Second World War. The name derives from Baedeker, a series of German tourist guide books, inclu ...

: Air raid kills 79, guts

, the church of St Martin Coney Street and the railway locomotive shed. ** October:

RAF Elvington Royal Air Force Elvington or more simply RAF Elvington is a former Royal Air Force station which operated from the beginning of the Second World War until 1992 located at Elvington, Yorkshire, England. History Royal Air Force use The station ...

reopened as a hard-runway bomber airfield. * 1948 – ''York: A Plan for Progress and Preservation'' published. * 1951 – First York Festival, including a major revival of the

. * 1956 – Castle Mills Bridge opened. * 1961 – 16 December: York Cold War Bunker opened. * 1962 – 11 April: York Crematorium dedicated. * 1963 ** University of York established with a new campus at

Heslington Heslington is a suburban village and civil parish within the City of York district, in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England, south-east of the centre of York. Before 1974, it was a village in the Derwent Rural District, which was p ...

. ** 28 October – Clifton Bridge is opened. * 1967–1972 –

foundations strengthened. * 1968 – Viscount Esher publishes ''York: a study in conservation''. * 1969 –

merged with

Mackintosh's Mackintosh's was a British confectionery firm founded in Halifax, Yorkshire, England. It was known for its toffee and the Quality Street and Rolo brands. Beginnings The firm was founded by John Mackintosh (1868-1920) and his wife, Violet (n ...

. * 1970 – 25 October:

canonised Canonization is the declaration of a deceased person as an officially recognized saint, specifically, the official act of a Christian communion declaring a person worthy of public veneration and entering their name in the canon catalogue of ...

as St Margaret of York. * 1971 ** Stonegate pedestrianised. ** York becomes an Army Saluting Station. * 1973 – First regular ghost walk. * 1975 – 27 September: The

is opened, the first national museum outside London. * 1976–79 –

York Archaeological Trust The York Archaeological Trust for Excavation and Research Limited (YAT) is an educational charity, established in 1972 in the city of York, England. It carries out archaeological investigations, fieldwork, excavation and research in York, Yo ...

begins an excavation at a former sweet factory on the site of

Scandinavian York Scandinavian York ( non, Jórvík) Viking Yorkshire or Norwegian York is a term used by historians for the south of Northumbria (modern-day Yorkshire) during the period of the late 9th century and first half of the 10th century, when it was do ...

(Jórvík) prior to construction of

Coppergate Shopping Centre Coppergate Shopping Centre is a shopping centre in York in North Yorkshire, England. It is named after Coppergate, one of York's medieval streets ("gate" coming from the Old Norse ''gata'', or street). History Prior to the development of the ...

here. * 1976 ** New York Hospital opens. **

introduce the

Yorkie (chocolate bar) Yorkie is a chocolate bar made by Nestlé. It was originally made by York-based company Rowntree's, hence the name. History In 1976, Eric Nicoli of Rowntree's spotted a gap in the confectionery market for a "manly" chocolate bar, and so the ...

. ** A64 York bypass road opens. ** 25 October: Foss Island Power Station closes. * 1982 – 31 May:

Pope John Paul II Pope John Paul II ( la, Ioannes Paulus II; it, Giovanni Paolo II; pl, Jan Paweł II; born Karol Józef Wojtyła ; 18 May 19202 April 2005) was the head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State from 1978 until his ...

visits the city as part of his visit to the United Kingdom; 200,000 people gather at

on the Knavesmire for a liturgy. * 1983 – 4 July:

BBC Radio York BBC Radio York is the BBC's local radio station serving the county of North Yorkshire. It broadcasts on FM, DAB, digital TV and via BBC Sounds from studios in the Bootham area of York. According to RAJAR, the station has a weekly audience o ...

begins permanent broadcasting. * 1984 ** c. April: Opening of

and Jorvik Viking Centre. ** 9 July: A fire in the south transept roof of

, probably caused by an electrical storm, causes extensive damage. * 1987 – 11 December: The York Outer Ring Road is completed. * 1988 ** November: River Foss Barrier completed. **

Rowntree Mackintosh Confectionery Rowntree Mackintosh Confectionery was a British company formed by the merger of Rowntree's and John Mackintosh Co. The company was famous for making chocolate brands, such as Kit Kat, Aero and Quality Street. It was purchased by Nestlé in 19 ...

taken over by

Nestlé Nestlé S.A. (; ; ) is a Swiss multinational food and drink processing conglomerate corporation headquartered in Vevey, Vaud, Switzerland. It is the largest publicly held food company in the world, measured by revenue and other metrics, since ...

. * 1989 – The Foss Islands branch line closes. * 1992 – 4 July: Minster FM begins broadcasting. * 1993 – Terry's taken over by

Kraft Foods Inc Kraft Foods Inc. was a multinational confectionery, food and beverage conglomerate. It marketed many brands in more than 170 countries. 12 of its brands annually earned more than $1 billion worldwide: Cadbury, Jacobs, Kraft, LU, Maxwell H ...

. * 1996 – The City of York becomes a

unitary authority A unitary authority is a local authority responsible for all local government functions within its area or performing additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by a higher level of sub-national government or the national governmen ...

area which includes rural areas beyond the old city boundaries. * 1997 – Last commercial traffic on the

(newsprint from

Goole Goole is a port town and civil parish on the River Ouse in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. The town's historic county is the West Riding of Yorkshire. According to the 2011 UK census, Goole parish had a population of 19,518, an increa ...

for the ''

Yorkshire Evening Press ''The Press'' is a local, daily, paid for, newspaper, for North and East Yorkshire. It is published in the City of York by Newsquest Media Group Ltd, a subsidiary of Gannett Company Inc. The ''Yorkshire Evening Press'' was established in 188 ...

'') ceases. * 1998 – Monks Cross and McArthur Glen shopping centres and University science park opened.

21st century

* 2000 – October–November – Severe flooding, chiefly from River Ouse. * 2001 – 10 April:

Millennium Bridge Several bridges are known as the Millennium Bridge: * in the United Kingdom **Gateshead Millennium Bridge ** Lune Millennium Bridge, Lancaster ** Millennium Bridge, Glasgow ** Millennium Bridge, London ** Millennium Bridge (Salford Quays) ** Teesqua ...

opened. * 2007 – York sugar beet factory closes. * 2014 ** 6 July: York hosts the start of Tour de France, Stage 2. ** Vangarde Shopping Park opened. * 2015 ** Easter: York Army Museum opened. ** December: Severe flooding, chiefly from

. * 2021 – 16 February:

play the opening match at

York Community Stadium York Community Stadium (known for sponsorship purposes as the LNER Community Stadium) is a multi-purpose stadium in Huntington, York, England. It is owned by City of York Council, and is shared by York City Football Club and York City Knight ...

at Monks Cross. * 2023 – 3 August: Appointment of first

rabbi A rabbi () is a spiritual leader or religious teacher in Judaism. One becomes a rabbi by being ordained by another rabbi – known as ''semikha'' – following a course of study of Jewish history and texts such as the Talmud. The basic form of ...

to a Jewish congregation in York since 1190 is announced.

Births

* c. 735 –

Alcuin Alcuin of York (; la, Flaccus Albinus Alcuinus; 735 – 19 May 804) – also called Ealhwine, Alhwin, or Alchoin – was a scholar, clergyman, poet, and teacher from York, Northumbria. He was born around 735 and became the student o ...

, scholar (died 804 in Tours) * Before 1190 – Aaron of York, financier and chief rabbi of England (died after 1253) * 1556 –

, Catholic saint (martyred 1586) * 1564 – 20 March: Thomas Morton, bishop of Durham (died 1659) * 1570 – 13 April:

Guy Fawkes Guy Fawkes (; 13 April 1570 – 31 January 1606), also known as Guido Fawkes while fighting for the Spanish, was a member of a group of provincial English Catholics involved in the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605. He was born and educated ...

, Catholic conspirator (executed 1606) * 1586 – 5 April:

Christopher Levett Capt. Christopher Levett (15 April 1586 – 1630) was an English writer, explorer and naval captain, born at York, England. He explored the coast of New England and secured a grant from the King to settle present-day Portland, Maine, the first ...

, sea captain and New England settler (died 1630 at sea) * c. 1612 –

John Hingston John Hingston (1612–1683) was an English composer, organist and viol player who served Charles I of England, the Protector Oliver Cromwell and Charles II of England. Biography Born in 1612, little is known about Hingston's early life. A pup ...

, organist and composer (died 1683) * 1624 –

Matthew Poole Matthew Poole (1624–1679) was an English Non-conformist theologian and biblical commentator. Life to 1662 He was born at York, the son of Francis Pole, but he spelled his name Poole, and in Latin Polus; his mother was a daughter of Alderman T ...

, Nonconformist theologian (died 1679 in Amsterdam) * 1647 –

Francis Place Francis Place (3 November 1771 in London – 1 January 1854 in London) was an English social reformer. Early life He was an illegitimate son of Simon Place and Mary Gray. His father was originally a journeyman baker. He then became a Marshalse ...

, gentleman draughtsman (died 1728) * 1755 – 6 July:

John Flaxman John Flaxman (6 July 1755 – 7 December 1826) was a British sculptor and draughtsman, and a leading figure in British and European Neoclassicism. Early in his career, he worked as a modeller for Josiah Wedgwood's pottery. He spent several ye ...

, sculptor (died 1826) * 1784 – 31 July: Samuel Tuke, philanthropist and mental health reformer (died 1857) * 1787 – 10 March:

William Etty William Etty (10 March 1787 – 13 November 1849) was an English artist best known for his history paintings containing nude (art), nude figures. He was the first significant British painter of nudes and still lifes. Born in York, h ...

, painter of nudes (died 1849) * 1799 – May:

George Hennet George Hennet (1799–1857) was an English railway engineer and contractor. He undertook many contracts for Isambard Kingdom Brunel's broad gauge railways in the South West of England and funded the provision of extra facilities on the South D ...

, railway contractor (died 1857) * 1800 – 17 June:

William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse (17 June 1800 – 31 October 1867), was an Irish astronomer, naturalist, and engineer. He was president of the Royal Society (UK), the most important association of naturalists in the world in the nineteenth ...

, astronomer (died 1867 in Ireland) * 1803 – 26 October:

Joseph Hansom Joseph Aloysius Hansom (26 October 1803 – 29 June 1882) was a British architect working principally in the Gothic Revival style. He invented the Hansom cab and founded the eminent architectural journal, '' The Builder'', in 1843. Career ...

, architect and patentee of the Hansom cab (died 1882) * 1809 – Mary Ellen Best, domestic watercolourist (died 1891 in Darmstadt) * 1813 – 15 March: John Snow, physician, epidemiologist and pioneer of anaesthesia (died 1858 in London) * 1836 – 24 May: Joseph Rowntree, chocolate manufacturer and philanthropist (died 1925) * 1841 – 4 September:

Albert Joseph Moore Albert Joseph Moore (4 September 184125 September 1893) was an English painter, known for his depictions of languorous female figures set against the luxury and decadence of the classical world. Life Moore was born at York on 4 September 1841 ...

, figure painter (died 1893) * 1851 – 19 June:

Silvanus P. Thompson Silvanus Phillips Thompson (19 June 1851 – 12 June 1916) was a professor of physics at the City and Guilds Technical College in Finsbury, England. He was elected to the Royal Society in 1891 and was known for his work as an electrical eng ...

, physicist, pioneer of calculus and electricity (died 1916) * 1871 – 7 July:

, chocolate manufacturer and social reformer (died 1954) * 1881 – 20 September: Will Ashton (Sir John Ashton), landscape painter and gallery director (died 1963 in Australia) * 1907 – 21 February:

W. H. Auden Wystan Hugh Auden (; 21 February 1907 – 29 September 1973) was a British-American poet. Auden's poetry was noted for its stylistic and technical achievement, its engagement with politics, morals, love, and religion, and its variety in ...

, poet (died 1973 in Austria) * 1912 – 6 February: Christopher Hill, Marxist historian (died 2003) * 1917 – 6 March:

Frankie Howerd Francis Alick Howard (6 March 1917 – 19 April 1992), better known by his stage-name Frankie Howerd, was an English actor and comedian. Early life Howerd was born the son of soldier Francis Alfred William (1887–1934)England & Wales, Deat ...

, comic actor (died 1992) * 1933 – 3 November: John Barry, film composer (died 2011 in the United States) * 1934 – 9 December:

Judi Dench Dame Judith Olivia Dench (born 9 December 1934) is an English actress. Regarded as one of Britain's best actresses, she is noted for her versatile work in various films and television programmes encompassing several genres, as well as for her ...

, actress * 1942 ** 17 April: David Bradley, actor ** 23 June:

Martin Rees Martin John Rees, Baron Rees of Ludlow One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from the royalsociety.org website where: (born 23 June 1942) is a British cosmologist and astrophysicist. He is the fifteenth Astronomer Royal, ...

, astrophysicist * 1943 – 9 May:

Vince Cable Sir John Vincent Cable (born 9 May 1943) is a British politician who was Leader of the Liberal Democrats from 2017 to 2019. He was Member of Parliament (MP) for Twickenham from 1997 to 2015 and from 2017 to 2019. He also served in the Cabinet as ...

, politician * 1992 – 2 October: Lucy Staniforth, footballer

References

External links

History of York

York Minster: An architectural history c. 1220–1500
{{Use dmy dates, date=March 2017 Years in England

York-related lists