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Thrissur (), formerly Trichur, also known by its historical name Thrissivaperur, is a city and the headquarters of the Thrissur district in
Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South ...
,
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
. It is the third largest urban agglomeration in Kerala after
Kochi Kochi (), also known as Cochin ( ) ( the official name until 1996) is a major port city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is part of the district of Ernakulam in the state of K ...
and
Kozhikode Kozhikode (), also known in English as Calicut, is a city along the Malabar Coast in the state of Kerala in India. It has a corporation limit population of 609,224 and a metropolitan population of more than 2 million, making it the second la ...
, and the 21st largest in India. The city is built around a hillock called the Thekkinkaadu Maidaanam which seats a large Hindu Shiva Temple. It is located central of the state, and north-west of the state's capital city,
Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram (; ), also known by its former name Trivandrum (), is the capital of the Indian state of Kerala. It is the most populous city in Kerala with a population of 957,730 as of 2011. The encompassing urban agglomeration populati ...
. Thrissur was once the capital of the
Kingdom of Cochin The Kingdom of Cochin, named after its capital in the city of Kochi (Cochin), was a kingdom in the central part of present-day Kerala state. It commenced at the early part of the 12th century and continued to rule until 1949, when monarchy w ...
, and was a point of contact for the Assyrians,
Greeks The Greeks or Hellenes (; el, Έλληνες, ''Éllines'' ) are an ethnic group and nation indigenous to the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea regions, namely Greece, Cyprus, Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt, and, to a lesser extent, oth ...
,
Persians The Persians are an Iranian ethnic group who comprise over half of the population of Iran. They share a common cultural system and are native speakers of the Persian language as well as of the languages that are closely related to Persian. ...
,
Arabs The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Wester ...
,
Romans Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy * Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *''Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...
,
Portuguese Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portu ...
,
Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...
and
English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national ide ...
. Thrissur is also known as the Cultural Capital of Kerala because of its cultural, spiritual and religious leanings throughout history. The city centre contains the
Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Academy is located in Thrissur city, of Kerala, in India. It was established on 26 April 1958, inaugurated by then Indian Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. The academy started a cultural centre at the Bahrain Keral ...
,
Kerala Lalithakala Akademi Kerala Lalithakala Academy for Fine Arts is an autonomous body which was established in 1962 to promote art and artistic heritage, based at Thrissur in Kerala. Murali Cheeroth is the newly appointed chairman of Kerala Lalitha Kala Akademi on 202 ...
and
Kerala Sahitya Academy The Kerala Sahitya Akademi or Academy for Malayalam literature is an autonomous body established to promote the Malayalam language and literature. It is situated in City of Thrissur, Kerala in India. History The academy was inaugurated on 15 ...
. The city hosts the
Thrissur Pooram The Thrissur ''Pooram'' is an annual Hindu temple festival held in Thrissur, Kerala, India. It is held at the Vadakkunnathan (Shiva) Temple in Thrissur every year on the ''Pooram'' (pronounced ) day—the day when the moon rises with the ''P ...
festival, the most colourful and spectacular temple festival in Kerala. The festival is held at the Thekkinkadu Maidan in April or May, in the Malayalam month 'medam'. Religion is important and varied in Thrissur. The city has historically been a centre of Hindu scholarship, and
Christianity Christianity is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus of Nazareth. It is the world's largest and most widespread religion with roughly 2.38 billion followers representing one-third of the global pop ...
,
Islam Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...
and
Judaism Judaism ( he, ''Yahăḏūṯ'') is an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and ethnic religion comprising the collective religious, cultural, and legal tradition and civilization of the Jewish people. It has its roots as an organized religion in the ...
are believed to have entered the
Indian subcontinent The Indian subcontinent is a list of the physiographic regions of the world, physiographical region in United Nations geoscheme for Asia#Southern Asia, Southern Asia. It is situated on the Indian Plate, projecting southwards into the Indian O ...
through Thrissur and its surrounding areas. Thrissur has a large number of well-known temples including the
Vadakkumnathan temple Vadakkumnathan Temple is an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva at city of Thrissur, of Kerala state in India. This temple is a classical example of the architectural style of Kerala and has one monumental tower on each of the four sides ...
,
Thiruvambadi Sri Krishna Temple Thiruvambadi Sri Krishna Temple is a Hindu temple in the city of Thrissur in Kerala, India. The main deities of this temple are Krishna in the form of a child, and Bhadrakali, both having equal importance. There are sub-shrines for Ganesha, S ...
, and
Paramekkavu temple Paramekkavu Bagavathi Temple is one of the largest Devi, Bagavathi temples in Kerala located in Thrissur City. Sakthan Thampuran ordained the temples into two groups, namely "Paramekkavu side" and "Thiruvambady side" for Thrissur Pooram which is ...
. There are three major Catholic churches, the St. Antony's Syro-Malabar Catholic Forane,
Our Lady of Lourdes Syro-Malabar Catholic Metropolitan Cathedral Our Lady of Lourdes Metropolitan Cathedral, one of the largest churches in Kerala, is located in the heart of Thrissur City in the state of Kerala, India. Dedicated to Our Lady of Lourdes, the Syro-Malabar Catholic church is noted for its imposi ...
and Our Lady of Dolours Syro-Malabar Catholic Basilica, the largest Christian church in India. India's first mosque,
Cheraman Juma Masjid The Cheramaan Perumal Juma Mosque (Malayalam: ചേരമാൻ ജുമാ മസ്ജിദ്‌) (Tamil: சேரமான் பெருமாள் ஜும்ஆ பள்ளிவாசல்) (Arabic: مسجد الرئيس جم ...
, is believed to have been constructed in 629 CE. The city is the headquarters of four major
scheduled banks Scheduled Banks in India refer to those banks which have been included in the Second Schedule of Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in turn includes only those banks in this Schedule which satisfy the criteria laid down v ...
,
South Indian Bank Ltd South Indian Bank Limited (SIB) is a major private sector bank headquartered at Thrissur in Kerala, India. South Indian Bank has 933 branches, 4 service branches, 1 extension counters and 18 Regional Offices spread across India. The bank has ...
,
Catholic Syrian Bank CSB Bank Limited (erstwhile Catholic Syrian Bank Limited) is an Indian private sector bank with its headquarters at Thrissur, Kerala, India. The bank has a network of over 560 branches and more than 390 ATMs across India. History CSB was foun ...
,
Dhanalakshmi Bank Dhanlaxmi Bank Ltd is an Indian private sector bank headquartered in Thrissur, Kerala. The bank has 245 branches and 258 ATMs/CDMs spread over the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Delhi, ...
and
ESAF Small Finance Bank ESAF Small Finance Bank (formerly known as ESAF Microfinance and Investments Pvt. Ltd.) is an Indian small finance bank providing banking services and small loans to the underbanked. It was founded as a small finance bank in March 2017. ESAF Mi ...
as well as several
chit fund A chit fund is a type of rotating savings and credit association system practiced in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan other Asian countries. Chit fund schemes may be organized by financial institutions, or informally among friends, relatives, ...
s. The city is also a big centre for silks and gold jewellery. Thrissur attracts the largest number of domestic tourists in Kerala. Apart from being the cultural nerve centre of Kerala, it is also a major academic hub and is home to several educational institutions including the
Kerala Kalamandalam Kerala Kalamandalam, deemed to be University of Art and Culture by the Government of India, is a major center for learning Indian performing arts, especially those that developed in the Southern states of India, with the special emphasis on K ...
,
Kerala Agricultural University Kerala Agricultural University (KAU) is a State university (India), state university for agricultural education, recognised as a Agricultural Universities (India), State Agricultural University (SAU) by the Indian Council of Agricultural Resea ...
,
Kerala University of Health Sciences Kerala University of Health Sciences (KUHS) is a state university located in Thrissur, Kerala, India. It was established by the Kerala University of Health Sciences Act 2010, for ensuring proper and systematic instruction, teaching, training, a ...
, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sree Kerala Varma College, St Thomas College,
Jawahar Bal Bhavan Thrissur The Jawahar Bal Bhavan Thrissur (Malayalam: ജവഹര്‍ ബാലഭവന്‍ തൃശൂര്‍, JBB Thrissur) is an autonomous music, dance and arts school in central Kerala and functions under the cultural department of gover ...
,
Kerala Institute of Local Administration Kerala Institute of Local Administration, abbreviated as KILA, is an autonomous training, research and consultancy organisation constituted under the Ministry of Local Self Government, Government of Kerala, registered as per Travancore – Cochi ...
,
Kerala Forest Research Institute The Kerala Forest Research Institute (KFRI) is an organisation based in Peechi, in Thrissur, India. It was established in 1975 by the Government of Kerala as part of its Science and Technology Department, and in 2003 became part of the Kerala S ...
, Kerala Police Academy,
Police Dog Training Centre Police Dog Training Center is situated in Kerala Police Academy, in Thrissur city of Kerala state in India. It is one of the dog training centre in South India. It was established on 24 January 2008. The academy trains dogs for Kerala Police ...
,
Kerala Fire and Rescue Services Academy Kerala Fire and Rescue Services Academy (Malayalam:കേരള ഫയര്‍ ആന്‍റ് റെസ്ക്യൂ സര്‍വ്വീസസ് അക്കാദമി) is situated in Ramavarmapuram in Thrissur city, Kerala of In ...
, Excise Academy and Research Centre, Government College Of Music And Performing Arts, Government College of Fine Arts, Government Law College, Government Engineering College and Government Medical College.


Etymology

The name Thrissur (
Malayalam Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of 22 scheduled languages of India. Malayalam was des ...
: തൃശൂര്) is a shortened form of the Malayalam word ''Thirusshivaperoor'' (തിരുശ്ശിവപ്പേരൂർ, Place of Lord Shiva's Name). The name owes itself to the most prominent feature of the city, that is the
Vadakkumnathan Temple Vadakkumnathan Temple is an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva at city of Thrissur, of Kerala state in India. This temple is a classical example of the architectural style of Kerala and has one monumental tower on each of the four sides ...
, which has
Shiva Shiva (; sa, शिव, lit=The Auspicious One, Śiva ), also known as Mahadeva (; ɐɦaːd̪eːʋɐ, or Hara, is one of the principal deities of Hinduism. He is the Supreme Being in Shaivism, one of the major traditions within Hindu ...
as its presiding deity. Thrissur was known by its anglicised name Trichur until 1990, when the government decided to replace it with its Malayalam name. Thrissur was also known as "Vrishabhadripuram" (Kailasam of the South) in ancient days.


History

The presence of numerous prehistoric
megalith A megalith is a large stone that has been used to construct a prehistoric structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. There are over 35,000 in Europe alone, located widely from Sweden to the Mediterranean sea. The ...
s and
dolmen A dolmen () or portal tomb is a type of single-chamber megalithic tomb, usually consisting of two or more upright megaliths supporting a large flat horizontal capstone or "table". Most date from the early Neolithic (40003000 BCE) and were somet ...
s indicate that Thrissur has been occupied since at least 1000BCE to 500CE. The
Portuguese Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language, a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portu ...
had naval influence in many parts of
Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, following the passage of the States Reorganisation Act, by combining Malayalam-speaking regions of the erstwhile regions of Cochin, Malabar, South ...
in the 16th century, including Thrissur. In the beginning of the 17th century the Portuguese naval power was reduced and
Dutch Dutch commonly refers to: * Something of, from, or related to the Netherlands * Dutch people () * Dutch language () Dutch may also refer to: Places * Dutch, West Virginia, a community in the United States * Pennsylvania Dutch Country People E ...
became the main naval power. With the help of the Dutch, the royal family of the
Kingdom of Cochin The Kingdom of Cochin, named after its capital in the city of Kochi (Cochin), was a kingdom in the central part of present-day Kerala state. It commenced at the early part of the 12th century and continued to rule until 1949, when monarchy w ...
recaptured Thrissur from the
Zamorin of Calicut The Samoothiri (Anglicised as Zamorin; Malayalam: , Arabic: ''Sāmuri'', Portuguese: ''Samorim'', Dutch: ''Samorijn'', Chinese: ''Shamitihsi''Ma Huan's Ying-yai Sheng-lan: 'The Overall Survey of the Ocean's Shores' 433 Translated and Edited by ...
in 1710. Thrissur rose to importance after Maharaja
Sakthan Thampuran Rama Varma Kunji pillai Thampuran (1751–1805), or Rama Varma IX, popularly known as Sakthan Thampuran (''Sakthan'' meaning powerful), was the ruler of the Kingdom of Cochin. The current southern Indian city of Kochi was part of the erstwhile ...
ascended the throne of Kingdom of Cochin (1769–1805) and made Thrissur his capital. The Maharaja made the city into a major financial and commercial hub of
South India South India, also known as Dakshina Bharata or Peninsular India, consists of the peninsular southern part of India. It encompasses the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana, as well as the union territo ...
, by inviting Syrian Christian families and
Brahmins Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests (purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers (guru o ...
from adjoining areas. During 1750–60
Hyder Ali Hyder Ali ( حیدر علی, ''Haidarālī''; 1720 – 7 December 1782) was the Sultan and ''de facto'' ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born as Hyder Ali, he distinguished himself as a soldier, eventually drawing the att ...
, the Sultan of the powerful
Kingdom of Mysore The Kingdom of Mysore was a realm in South India, southern India, traditionally believed to have been founded in 1399 in the vicinity of the modern city of Mysore. From 1799 until 1950, it was a princely state, until 1947 in a subsidiary allia ...
, conquered Thrissur, making it a tributary of Mysore. In 1786, the son of
Tipu Sultan Tipu Sultan (born Sultan Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu, 1 December 1751 – 4 May 1799), also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore based in South India. He was a pioneer of rocket artillery.Dalrymple, p. 243 He int ...
of Mysore led another invasion of Thrissur, but retreated after the Srirangapattanam war. In the meantime,
Rama Varma X Rama Varma X (died January 1809) was an Indian monarch who ruled the Kingdom of Cochin from 1805 to 1809. Family Rama Varma was the son of Sakthan Thampuran Rama Varma Kunji pillai Thampuran (1751–1805), or Rama Varma IX, popularly kno ...
, the successor of Sakthan Thampuran signed a treaty with the
East India Company The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...
, transforming the state of
Cochin Kochi (), also known as Cochin ( ) ( the official name until 1996) is a major port city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is part of the district of Ernakulam in the state of K ...
into a British Protectorate. The
Indian independence movement The Indian independence movement was a series of historic events with the ultimate aim of ending British Raj, British rule in India. It lasted from 1857 to 1947. The first nationalistic revolutionary movement for Indian independence emerged ...
gained momentum after a Committee was formed at the 1919 meeting of the
Indian National Congress The Indian National Congress (INC), colloquially the Congress Party but often simply the Congress, is a political party in India with widespread roots. Founded in 1885, it was the first modern nationalist movement to emerge in the British Em ...
. The civil disobedience movement attracted many people in Thrissur in subsequent years, and
Mahatma Gandhi Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; ; 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948), popularly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist Quote: "... marks Gandhi as a hybrid cosmopolitan figure who transformed ... anti- ...
visited the city in 1927 and 1934 to promote it.
R. K. Shanmukham Chetty Sir Ramasamy Chetty Kandasamy Shanmukham Chetty KCIE (17 October 1892 – 5 May 1953) was an Indian lawyer, economist and politician who served as first Finance Minister of India from 1947 to 1948. He also served as President of India's Centr ...
, the controversial Diwan of Cochin Kingdom from 1935 to 1941, developed the city by constructing
Thrissur Town Hall The Thrissur Town Hall is an imposing building situated in Thrissur city, Kerala state, India. It was constructed during the Dewanship of RK Shanmughom Chetti and contains the Archaeological Museum and Picture Gallery, where mural paintings from ...
and Ramanilayam, buildings which remain important in Kerala politics. Other important civic buildings and infrastructure constructed around this time include the Municipal Corporation Building of Thrissur and the
Swaraj Round Swaraj Round or Thrissur Round is the local name for a circular road which is about 2 km long in the centre of the city of Thrissur in Kerala, India, surrounding the hillock called the Thekkinkadu Maidan which seats the Vadakkumnathan Temple. Sw ...
.C A Krishnan (2009). ''Anchuvilakku'', p.35-38. Green Books, Thrissur. In 1947, when India gained independence from colonial rule, Thrissur was part of the Kingdom of Cochin. Thrissur district was formed on 1 July 1949, with the headquarters at the city of Thrissur.


Geography

Thrissur is the headquarters of Thrissur district, in the centre of the Indian state of Kerala. The city is 75 km north-east of
Kochi Kochi (), also known as Cochin ( ) ( the official name until 1996) is a major port city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is part of the district of Ernakulam in the state of K ...
, 133 km south-west of
Coimbatore Coimbatore, also spelt as Koyamputhur (), sometimes shortened as Kovai (), is one of the major metropolitan cities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of the Noyyal River and surrounded by the Western Ghats. Coimbato ...
, 124 km south-east of
Kozhikode Kozhikode (), also known in English as Calicut, is a city along the Malabar Coast in the state of Kerala in India. It has a corporation limit population of 609,224 and a metropolitan population of more than 2 million, making it the second la ...
and 151 km north of
Changanacherry Changanassery or Changanacherry is a municipal town in Kottayam district in the state of Kerala, India. History The first recorded history on the origin of Changanacherry is obtained from Sangam period literature. According to Sangam era d ...
. The city is located in a hillock called
Thekkinkadu Maidan Thekkinkadu Maidanam is situated in the middle of Thrissur city of Kerala state in India. This hillock which seats the Vadakkumnathan Temple, is an open ground in the centre of the Thrissur city which is under the custody of the Cochin Devaswom ...
which is the second highest point in city after the
Vilangan Hills Vilangan Hills (Malayalam: വിലങന്‍ കുന്നു) is a hillock located in Adat Panchayat, near Thrissur city of Kerala state in India. The hill gives a panoramic view of Thrissur city and Thrissur Kole Wetlands from the top. T ...
. The city has an average altitude of 2.83 metres above sea level. From the hillock, the city gradually flattens into the
Thrissur-Ponnani Kole Wetlands Thrissur-Ponnani Kole Wetlands (Malayalam: തൃശൂർ-പൊന്നാനി കോൾ പാടങ്ങൾ) is a wetland lying in Thrissur and Malappuram districts in Kerala, India. It gives 40 per cent of the Kerala’s rice requireme ...
, which act as a natural drainage for the city. The water from the wetlands flows via rivers into the
Laccadive Sea The Laccadive Sea or Lakshadweep Sea is a body of water bordering India (including its Lakshadweep islands), the Maldives, and Sri Lanka. It is located to the southwest of Karnataka, to the west of Kerala and to the south of Tamil Nadu. This war ...
, keeping Thrissur city safe from the major flooding that affects most other cities in Kerala. The city is located in midland regions of Kerala, with an extended part of Palakkad plains.Jose AI, Paulose S, Prameela P & Bonny BP (eds), 2002
Package of Practices Recommendations: Crops
, Kerala Agricultural University. Retrieved 18 January 2006.
The city geologically is composed of Archaean gneisses and crystalline schists. Major parts of city is covered by Archaean rocks. The city lies near the centre of the Indian tectonic plate (the Indian Plate) and is subject to comparatively little
seismic Seismology (; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (''seismós'') meaning "earthquake" and -λογία (''-logía'') meaning "study of") is the scientific study of earthquakes and the propagation of elastic waves through the Earth or through other ...
or
volcanic A volcano is a rupture in the crust of a planetary-mass object, such as Earth, that allows hot lava, volcanic ash, and gases to escape from a magma chamber below the surface. On Earth, volcanoes are most often found where tectonic plates a ...
activity.


Climate

Under the
Köppen climate classification The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
, City of Thrissur features a
tropical monsoon climate An area of tropical monsoon climate (occasionally known as a sub-equatorial, tropical wet climate or a tropical monsoon and trade-wind littoral climate) is a tropical climate sub-type that corresponds to the Köppen climate classification category ...
(''Am''). Summer lasts from March to May which is the hottest time of the year. Summer months are uncomfortable due to higher levels of heat and humidity. Daytime temperatures can rise up to coupled with excessive humidity. Summer is followed by the
south-west monsoon A monsoon () is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in Atmosphere of Earth, atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annu ...
from June to September. October and November form the post monsoon or retreating monsoon season. Winter from December through February is cooler, and windy, due to winds from the Western Ghats. Winter months are generally dry and less humid compared to other months of the year. Morning temperatures are usually cool and daytime temperatures hover around . The city is drenched in the monsoonal season by heavy showers. The average annual rainfall is approximately . The South-west monsoon generally sets in during the last week of May. After July the rainfall decreases. On an average, there are 124 rainy days in a year. The maximum average temperature of the city in the summer season is while the minimum temperature recorded is . The winter season records a maximum average of and a minimum average of .


Economy

Thrissur is home to many Malayaliee entrepreneurs, and is a major financial and commercial hub of Kerala. Historians say that King Sakthan Thampuran invited Syrian Christian families and
Brahmins Brahmin (; sa, ब्राह्मण, brāhmaṇa) is a varna as well as a caste within Hindu society. The Brahmins are designated as the priestly class as they serve as priests (purohit, pandit, or pujari) and religious teachers (guru o ...
to settle in Thrissur city from their business centres in adjoining areas. Soon, Thrissur became a flourishing centre of internal trade in Kerala. Thrissur is one of the major manufacturing centres of plain gold and
rolled gold Gold-filled jewelry is jewelry composed of a solid layer of gold (typically constituting at least 5% of the item's total weight) mechanically bonded to a base of either sterling silver or some base metal. The related terms "rolled gold plate" an ...
jewellery in South India; up to 70% of Kerala's jewellery is manufactured in Thrissur. There are around 3,000 gold ornaments manufacturing units in the city and 40,000-odd artisans and others work in these units. The industry provides direct and indirect employment to 200,000 people in Thrissur. The artisans based in these units, craft nearly 85 percent of one tonne gold which is used per day in Kerala. About 90 tonnes of gold was being used annually in Kerala for manufacturing of ornaments daily. According to the
Reserve Bank of India The Reserve Bank of India, chiefly known as RBI, is India's central bank and regulatory body responsible for regulation of the Indian banking system. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Finance, Government of India. It is responsible for ...
, Thrissur has been regarded as a banking town since the 1930s, when 58 banks were headquartered in the city. In the present, the city remains a significant centre for banking and finance, with the headquarters of major banks like
South Indian Bank South Indian Bank Limited (SIB) is a major private sector bank headquartered at Thrissur in Kerala, India. South Indian Bank has 933 branches, 4 service branches, 1 extension counters and 18 Regional Offices spread across India. The bank has al ...
,
Catholic Syrian Bank CSB Bank Limited (erstwhile Catholic Syrian Bank Limited) is an Indian private sector bank with its headquarters at Thrissur, Kerala, India. The bank has a network of over 560 branches and more than 390 ATMs across India. History CSB was foun ...
,
Dhanalakshmi Bank Dhanlaxmi Bank Ltd is an Indian private sector bank headquartered in Thrissur, Kerala. The bank has 245 branches and 258 ATMs/CDMs spread over the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Delhi, ...
, and other financial institutions like
Manappuram General Finance and Leasing Manappuram Finance Ltd, or MAFIL, is an Indian non-banking financial company (NBFC) based in Valapad, Thrissur, Kerala. Manappuram has over 4190+ branches across 25 states. History The company was founded in 1949 by late V.C.Padmanabhan in Thri ...
,
Kerala State Financial Enterprise Kerala State Financial Enterprises Limited (KSFE) is a public sector chit fund and loan company based in Thrissur city, Kerala, India. History The company started functioning on 6 November 1969, with Thrissur city as its headquarters. It starte ...
and
ESAF Small Finance Bank ESAF Small Finance Bank (formerly known as ESAF Microfinance and Investments Pvt. Ltd.) is an Indian small finance bank providing banking services and small loans to the underbanked. It was founded as a small finance bank in March 2017. ESAF Mi ...
. Many
chit fund A chit fund is a type of rotating savings and credit association system practiced in India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan other Asian countries. Chit fund schemes may be organized by financial institutions, or informally among friends, relatives, ...
s, a type of Indian savings and credit system, are located in Thrissur. In 2010, an estimated 3,000 chit fund companies were located in Thrissur, employing approximately 35,000 people. The city is a hub for the
Ayurvedic Ayurveda () is an alternative medicine system with historical roots in the Indian subcontinent. The theory and practice of Ayurveda is pseudoscientific. Ayurveda is heavily practiced in India and Nepal, where around 80% of the population rep ...
drug-manufacturing industry. Out of the 850 ayurvedic drug-manufacturing companies in Kerala, about 150, including some of the largest in the state like
Oushadhi Oushadhi or Pharmaceutical Corporation (Indian Medicines) Kerala Ltd is an Ayurvedic medicine manufacturing company situated in Kuttanellur, in Thrissur City of Kerala state. It is a 100% Government of Kerala owned company and produces around ...
, Vaidyaratnam Oushadhasala,
KP Namboodiris KP Namboodiris is an ayurvedic medicine manufacturing company situated in Thrissur City of Kerala State in India. It also has an interest in personal care and health care products. The company was started in 1925 by its founder K.P. Namboodiri ( ...
, are located in and around the city.
Thrissur Ayurveda Cluster Thrissur Ayurveda cluster is an Ayurveda cluster situated in KINFRA Park in Koratty in Thrissur District. The cluster is meant for a comprehensive development of Kerala brand of Ayurvedic products and train the manufacturers of Ayurveda product ...
, another initiative by a group of Ayurvedic manufacturers of Thrissur, has developed a cluster in KINFRA Park in
Koratty Koratty is a census town in Thrissur district in the Indian state of Kerala. It is a main centre of Marian Pilgrimage. Demographics As of 2011 India census, Koratty had a population of 17,618. Males constitute 49% of the population and female ...
in Thrissur District. Retail businesses in Thrissur include
Kalyan Group Kalyan Group is a holding company for the brands of Kalyan Silks, Kalyan Jewellers, Kalyan Developers, Kalyan Sarees and Kalyan Collections. It is headquartered in Thrissur, Kerala, India. History The group was started in 1909 by T. S. Kalyana ...
,
Jos Alukka & Sons Jos Alukkas Group is Indian jewelry retailing group in Southern India. It is based in Thrissur, Kerala, India. The group was bifurcated from the Thrissur-based group Alukkas Jewellery in 2001. The company has branches all over five states in the ...
,
Joyalukkas Joy Alukkas (29 October 1956) is an Indian businessman from Kerala. He is the chairman and managing director of Joyalukkas Jewellery. Early life Joy Alukkas was born in Thrissur, Kerala, on 29 October 1956. His father, Varghese Alukkas, was ...
and Josco Group. InfoPark Thrissur, the fourth technology park in Kerala, is situated in Thrissur District. Tourism has also contributed heavily to the economy of Thrissur. Domestic tourists generally use the city as a hub to explore the highly promoted tourism industry of the state of Kerala. The city with its temples, old churches and its culture, is ranked first in the number of domestic tourists visiting Kerala.


Administration

Thrissur has functioned as a municipality since 1921 under the Cochin Municipal Regulations. In 1932, the new corporation building was constructed, and in 1972, several village councils or
panchayats The Panchayat raj is a political system, originating from the Indian subcontinent, found mainly in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Nepal. It is the oldest system of local government in the Indian subcontinent, and historical menti ...
were added to the municipality. On 1 October 2000, the municipal town was upgraded to a
municipal corporation A municipal corporation is the legal term for a local governing body, including (but not necessarily limited to) cities, counties, towns, townships, charter townships, villages, and boroughs. The term can also be used to describe municipally owne ...
and took over the towns and villages of
Ayyanthole Ayyanthole is an administrative and residential area situated in the City of Thrissur, Kerala, India. Ayyanthole is the 53rd Ward of Thrissur Municipal Corporation. Ayyanthole is the administrative center for the Thrissur District. Ayyanthole ...
, Koorkkenchery,
Nadathara Nadathara is a residential area situated in the City of Thrissur in Kerala state of India. Nadathara is Ward 22 of Thrissur Municipal Corporation. India census, Nadathara had a population of 12,593. Males constitute 49% of the population and fem ...
, Vilvattom (part),
Ollur Ollur is a major suburban area and an old commercial town in the city of Thrissur of Kerala state, South India. It is about away from Swaraj Round on old National Highway 47 (India) towards Kochi. From ancient time onwards, Ollur was a major b ...
and
Ollukkara Ollukara is a residential area in the City of Thrissur in Kerala state of India. Ollukkara is the Ward 15 of Thrissur Municipal Corporation. It is located close to Mannuthy. It is the first village in Kerala to attain legal literacy. See also ...
. The city is administered by the
Thrissur Municipal Corporation The Thrissur Municipal Corporation is the civic body that governs the Thrissur city in Kerala, India. It is the third largest city Corporation in the state of Kerala by area and fourth largest in population. Established as a Municipality since 19 ...
, headed by a mayor and comprising three legislative assemblies Thrissur, Ollur and
Cherpu Cherpu is a suburb of Thrissur city in the Kerala State of South India. It is 12 kilometres south of Thrissur town and is on the Thriprayar road. It is dotted by a number of temples and has quite a few rivers flowing by its vicinity. The vi ...
. For administrative purposes, the city is divided into 52 wards, from which the members of the corporation council are elected for five years. It is the second-largest city corporation in the state of Kerala in India. The corporation, headquartered in the city of Thrissur proper, directly controls power, water supply and solid waste management system in the city. The
Thrissur Urban Development Authority Thrissur Development Authority (TDA) was a statutory body overseeing the development of the City of Thrissur and Thrissur Metropolitan Area in the state of Kerala, India. K Radhakrishnan was the last Chairman of Thrissur Development Authority. ...
and Town and Country Planning Department (TCPD) are the agencies that prepare development plan for the city.


Police services

The city is the headquarters of
Thrissur City Police Thrissur City Police (TCP) (Malayalam തൃശൂര്‍ സിറ്റി പോലീസ്‌ ), a division of the Kerala Police, is the law enforcement agency for the City of Thrissur, Kunnamkulam and the temple town of Guruvayoor. The c ...
and Thrissur Rural Police. The Thrissur City Police is headed by a Police Commissioner, an
Indian Police Service The Indian Police Service ( IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Raj. Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS ...
(IPS) officer. The city is divided into two sub divisions, Thrissur and
Guruvayur Guruvayur () is a municipal temple town in Thrissur District, of Kerala State in India. It is a suburban town of Thrissur city, located from Thrissur towards the north-west. It houses the Guruvayur Shri Krishna Temple. It is located at ...
. It also operates 14 police stations, including a woman police station and a traffic police station. The Thrissur City Police Commissionerate operates out of the erst-while District Armed Police headquarters at Ramavarmapuram. The Thrissur Rural Police has its headquarters at the District Collectorate complex at Ayyanthole. The city is also the headquarters of
Inspector General of Police An Inspector General of Police is a senior police officer in the police force or police service of several nations. The rank usually refers to the head of a large regional command within a police service, and in many countries refers to the most se ...
, Thrissur Range, which looks after the law and order of Thrissur District,
Palakkad District Palakkad District () is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala. It was carved out from the southeastern region of the former Malabar District on 1 January 1957. It is located at the centre of Kerala. It is the largest district i ...
and
Malappuram district Malappuram (), is one of the List of districts of Kerala, 14 districts in the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Kerala, with a coastline of . It is the most populous district of Kerala, which is home to around 13% of the to ...
. All the
Superintendent of Police Superintendent (Supt) is a rank in the British police and in most English-speaking Commonwealth nations. In many Commonwealth countries, the full version is superintendent of police (SP). The rank is also used in most British Overseas Territories ...
of these three districts come under his jurisdiction. The city also contains the Kerala Police Academy,
Central Prison, Viyyur Central Prison, Viyyur, is situated in Thrissur in Kerala state of India and is authorised to accommodate 520 prisoners. It is one of the four central prisons other than Poojappura, Kannur and Tavanur, situated in Kerala state. It is one of the ...
,
Police Dog Training Centre Police Dog Training Center is situated in Kerala Police Academy, in Thrissur city of Kerala state in India. It is one of the dog training centre in South India. It was established on 24 January 2008. The academy trains dogs for Kerala Police ...
and Excise Academy and Research Centre.
Indian Reserve Battalion In India, the police forces of the states and union territories are responsible for law enforcement in the states and union territories. History The Police Act of 1861 established the principles of organization for police forces in India and, w ...
, new commando unit of
Kerala Police The Kerala Police is the law enforcement agency for the Indian state of Kerala. Kerala Police has its headquarters in Thiruvananthapuram, the state capital. The motto of the force is "Mridhu Bhave Dhrida Kruthye" which means "Soft in Temperamen ...
is headquartered in Ramavarmapuram.
Border Security Force The Border Security Force (BSF) is India's border guarding organisation on its border with Pakistan and Bangladesh. It is one of the seven Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF) of India, and was raised in the wake of the 1965 war on 1 December 1 ...
(148 battalion) have its first centre in Kerala in Thrissur only.


Demographics

India census, Thrissur city had a population of 315,957. Males constitute 48.2% and females constitute 51.8% of the total population numbering 152,296 and 163,661 respectively. The density of population is 3,130/km2. The sex ratio is 1,092/1,000 male. The total number of the households in the city is 66,827. The average family size in the city is 4.27 members. The city has a slum population equivalent to 0.30% of the total city population and 0.37% of the Kerala's slum population. The city has an average literacy rate of 95.5%: male literacy rate is 97% whereas female literacy rate is 94.6%.
Hindu Hindus (; ) are people who religiously adhere to Hinduism.Jeffery D. Long (2007), A Vision for Hinduism, IB Tauris, , pages 35–37 Historically, the term has also been used as a geographical, cultural, and later religious identifier for ...
s constitute the majority with 58.42% of the population
Christians Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
constitute 24.27% of the population
Muslims Muslims ( ar, المسلمون, , ) are people who adhere to Islam, a monotheistic religion belonging to the Abrahamic tradition. They consider the Quran, the foundational religious text of Islam, to be the verbatim word of the God of Abraha ...
constitute 17.07% of the population in Thrissur.


Politics

Thrissur has played a significant part in the political history of South India. Thrissur City administration is carried out by Municipal Corporation of Thrissur. MK.Varghese (LDF) is the Mayor of Thrissur Municipal Corporation. The city of Thrissur is represented in the
Kerala State Assembly The Kerala Legislative Assembly, popularly known as the Kerala Niyamasabha, is the State Assembly of Kerala, one of the 28 states in India. The Assembly is formed by 140 elected representatives. Each elected member represents one of the 140 c ...
by two elected members, one from Thrissur Assembly Constituency and another from Ollur Assembly Constituency. ,
P. Balachandran Padmanabhan Balachandran Nair (2 February 1952 – 5 April 2021) was an Indian writer, playwright, scenarist, director, and actor. He was known for his work in Malayalam literature and Malayalam cinema. Career Balachandran is best known for ...
is the representative of Thrissur Assembly Constituency and K. Rajan from Ollur Assembly Constituency. Thrissur city is also a part of the
Thrissur Lok Sabha constituency Thrissur is one of the 20 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in the state of Kerala in southern India. It consists of seven assembly segments in Thrissur district. Assembly segments Thrissur Lok Sabha constituency is composed of the fol ...
and elects a member to the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India, once every five years. The current MP is
T. N. Prathapan T. N. Prathapan is an Indian National Congress politician from Thrissur who currently serves as Member of parliament from Thrissur (Lok Sabha constituency) and was a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Kodungallur Assembly Constituency to Ker ...
of the Indian National Congress. The
Lok Sabha The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past ...
seat has primarily been held by the Indian National Congress (seven terms since 1951) and the
Communist Party of India Communist Party of India (CPI) is the oldest Marxist–Leninist communist party in India and one of the nine national parties in the country. The CPI was founded in modern-day Kanpur (formerly known as Cawnpore) on 26 December 1925. H ...
(ten terms since 1957).


Culture


Festivals

Thrissur is known as the Cultural Capital of Kerala, the city enjoys a thriving cultural tradition dating back to centuries.
Thrissur Pooram The Thrissur ''Pooram'' is an annual Hindu temple festival held in Thrissur, Kerala, India. It is held at the Vadakkunnathan (Shiva) Temple in Thrissur every year on the ''Pooram'' (pronounced ) day—the day when the moon rises with the ''P ...
, the largest
pooram Pooram pronounced is an annual festival, which is celebrated in temples dedicated to goddesses Durga or Kali held especially in Valluvanadu area and other adjoining parts of north-central Kerala (Present Palakkad, Thrissur, Kannur, Kasara ...
in Kerala, is sometimes referred to as 'the pooram of all poorams'. It is celebrated every year in the month of
Medam The Malayalam Calendar is a sidereal solar calendar used in Kerala. The origin of the calendar has been dated to 825 CE, the beginning of the Kollam Era. There are many theories regarding the origin of the era, but according to recent schola ...
(mid-April to mid-may) as per the
Malayalam calendar The Malayalam Calendar is a sidereal solar calendar used in Kerala. The origin of the calendar has been dated to 825 CE, the beginning of the Kollam Era. There are many theories regarding the origin of the era, but according to recent schola ...
. For thirty-six hours, the city plays host to a large gathering of people and elephants.
Puli Kali Puli kali (Meaning: Leopard Dance) is a recreational folk art from the state of Kerala, India. It is performed by trained artists to entertain people on the occasion of Onam, an annual harvest festival, celebrated mainly in the Indian state ...
, also known as ''Kavakali'', is another festival, which attracts thousands of people to the city. It is performed by trained artists to entertain people on the occasion of
Onam Onam ( ) is an annual Indian harvest festival celebrated predominantly by the Hindus of Kerala. A major annual event for Keralites, it is the official festival of the state and includes a spectrum of cultural events. Onam commemorates Vamana ...
, an annual harvest festival, celebrated mainly in Kerala. Buon Natale is the cultural festival conducting at
Swaraj Round Swaraj Round or Thrissur Round is the local name for a circular road which is about 2 km long in the centre of the city of Thrissur in Kerala, India, surrounding the hillock called the Thekkinkadu Maidan which seats the Vadakkumnathan Temple. Sw ...
with
Christmas Christmas is an annual festival commemorating Nativity of Jesus, the birth of Jesus, Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people Observance of Christmas by country, around t ...
celebration. Buon Natale procession entered the
Guinness World Records ''Guinness World Records'', known from its inception in 1955 until 1999 as ''The Guinness Book of Records'' and in previous United States editions as ''The Guinness Book of World Records'', is a reference book published annually, listing world ...
in 2014 for having the maximum number of people dressed up as
Santa Claus Santa Claus, also known as Father Christmas, Saint Nicholas, Saint Nick, Kris Kringle, or simply Santa, is a Legend, legendary figure originating in Western Christianity, Western Christian culture who is said to Christmas gift-bringer, bring ...
. Other important festivals celebrated in the city include
Christmas Christmas is an annual festival commemorating Nativity of Jesus, the birth of Jesus, Jesus Christ, observed primarily on December 25 as a religious and cultural celebration among billions of people Observance of Christmas by country, around t ...
,
Onam Onam ( ) is an annual Indian harvest festival celebrated predominantly by the Hindus of Kerala. A major annual event for Keralites, it is the official festival of the state and includes a spectrum of cultural events. Onam commemorates Vamana ...
,
Diwali Diwali (), Dewali, Divali, or Deepavali ( IAST: ''dīpāvalī''), also known as the Festival of Lights, related to Jain Diwali, Bandi Chhor Divas, Tihar, Swanti, Sohrai, and Bandna, is a religious celebration in Indian religions. It is ...
,
Easter Easter,Traditional names for the feast in English are "Easter Day", as in the '' Book of Common Prayer''; "Easter Sunday", used by James Ussher''The Whole Works of the Most Rev. James Ussher, Volume 4'') and Samuel Pepys''The Diary of Samuel ...
, Eid and
Vishu Vishu (Malayalam: വിഷു), the traditional Malayali New Year, is a Hindu festival celebrated in the Indian state of Kerala, Tulu Nadu region of Karnataka, and Mahe district. The festival marks the first day of Medam, the first month of ...
. Elephants play a major part in many of the city's festivals. ''Aanayoottu'' (feeding of elephants), held in
Vadakkunnathan Temple Vadakkumnathan Temple is an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva at city of Thrissur, of Kerala state in India. This temple is a classical example of the architectural style of Kerala and has one monumental tower on each of the four sides ...
in the City annually, is the world's largest elephant feeding ceremony. The ceremony is conducted on the first day of the Malayalam month of Karkidakam.


Literature

Literary lineage of city dates back to early history of Kerala but it came to prominence after Kerala Government set up
Kerala Lalita Kala Akademi Kerala Lalithakala Academy for Fine Arts is an autonomous body which was established in 1962 to promote art and artistic heritage, based at Thrissur in Kerala. Murali Cheeroth is the newly appointed chairman of Kerala Lalitha Kala Akademi on 2022 ...
,
Kerala Sahitya Academy The Kerala Sahitya Akademi or Academy for Malayalam literature is an autonomous body established to promote the Malayalam language and literature. It is situated in City of Thrissur, Kerala in India. History The academy was inaugurated on 15 ...
,
Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Academy is located in Thrissur city, of Kerala, in India. It was established on 26 April 1958, inaugurated by then Indian Prime Minister Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. The academy started a cultural centre at the Bahrain Keral ...
and
College of Fine Arts, Thrissur Government College of Fine Arts, Thrissur is located in the heart of the city of Thrissur in Kerala state of India. More than hundred years of existence has given a unique character to this institution in the history of art institutions in In ...
for promoting literature, music and arts in Kerala. After the Indian Independence, Thrissur became the ''literary capital of Kerala'' as turned to the playground of novelist, poets and orators. In 1952 when Current Books set its first shop in Thrissur by former education Minister Professor
Joseph Mundassery Joseph Mundassery (17 July 1903 – 25 October 1977) was a literary critic and Indian politician from Kerala state. He specialised in the Malayalam language and literature. In Kerala politics, he is remembered as the Education Minister who wa ...
, it become the abode of writer's like O. V. Vijayan,
Kovilan Kandanisseri Vattamparambil Velappan Ayyappan (9 July 1923 – 2 June 2010) or V. V. Ayyappan, better known by his pen name Kovilan, was an Indian Malayalam language novelist and freedom fighter from Kerala. He is considered one of the most pro ...
,
V. K. N. Vadakkke Koottala Narayanankutty Nair, commonly known as V.K.N. (7 April 1929 – 25 January 2004), was a prominent Malayalam writer, noted mainly for his highbrow satire. He wrote novels, short stories and political commentaries. His works are ...
,
Uroob Parutholli Chalappurathu Kuttikrishnan, popularly known by his pen name Uroob ( ml, ഉറൂബ്; 1915 – 1979) was an Indian writer of Malayalam literature. Along with Basheer, Thakazhi, Kesavadev, and Pottekkatt, Uroob was counted am ...
,
Edasseri Govindan Nair Edasseri Govindan Nair ( ml, ഇടശ്ശേരി ഗോവിന്ദൻ നായർ; 23 December 1906 – 16 October 1974) was an Indian poet and playwright of Malayalam literature. Known as one of the major poets of Malayalam, Edasseri ...
,
M. T. Vasudevan Nair Madath Thekkepaattu Vasudevan Nair (born 1933 July 15 ), popularly known as MT, is an Indian author, screenplay writer and film director. He is a prolific and versatile writer in modern Malayalam literature, and is one of the masters of post-I ...
, K. G. Sankara Pillai and Sarah Joseph. The area was later known as ''Current Moola'' ("Current Corner"). The building that housed the Current Books bookshop was demolished in 2011. Thrissur is home to prominent
Malayalam Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of 22 scheduled languages of India. Malayalam was des ...
literary figures like
Kovilan Kandanisseri Vattamparambil Velappan Ayyappan (9 July 1923 – 2 June 2010) or V. V. Ayyappan, better known by his pen name Kovilan, was an Indian Malayalam language novelist and freedom fighter from Kerala. He is considered one of the most pro ...
, Kunhunni Mash,
Sukumar Azhikode Koloth Thattarath Sukumaran, popularly known as Sukumar Azhikode (26 May 1926 – 24 January 2012) was an Indian academic, orator, critic and writer of Malayalam literature, known for his contributions to Malayalam language and insights on Indian ...
, K. Satchidanandan,
Mullanezhi Mullanezhi Neelakandan Namboothiri (1948–2011), popularly known as Mullanezhi, was a Malayalam poet, playwright, lyricist and actor from Thrissur in Kerala state of India. He was awarded the Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award twice: in 1995 for t ...
, Sarah Joseph,
Attoor Ravi Varma Attoor Ravi Varma (27 December 1930 – 26 July 2019)
,
Lalitha Lenin Lalitha Lenin ( ml, ലളിത ലെനിന്‍‍; born 17 July 1946, in Thrithalloor, Thrissur, Kerala) is an Indian poet in Malayalam. K. K. Lalitha Bai (her official name) was also the Head of the Department of Library and Informati ...
,
P. Bhaskaran Pulloottupadathu Bhaskaran alias as P. Bhaskaran (21 April 1924 – 25 February 2007), was a Malayalam poet, lyricist of Malayalam film songs, and filmmaker. He penned more than 3000 songs for about 250 films. He also directed 44 Malayalam fea ...
,
Joseph Mundassery Joseph Mundassery (17 July 1903 – 25 October 1977) was a literary critic and Indian politician from Kerala state. He specialised in the Malayalam language and literature. In Kerala politics, he is remembered as the Education Minister who wa ...
.


Religious buildings

The
Vadakkunnathan temple Vadakkumnathan Temple is an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva at city of Thrissur, of Kerala state in India. This temple is a classical example of the architectural style of Kerala and has one monumental tower on each of the four sides ...
, believed to have been founded by the legendary saint
Parasurama Parashurama (), also referred to as Rama Jamadagnya, Rama Bhargava and Veerarama, is the sixth avatar among the Dashavatara of the preserver god Vishnu in Hinduism. He is believed to be one of the ''Chiranjivi, Chiranjeevis'' (Immortals), who ...
, is an example of the Kerala style of architecture and houses several sacred shrines and murals delineating graphically, various episodes from the
Mahabharata The ''Mahābhārata'' ( ; sa, महाभारतम्, ', ) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India in Hinduism, the other being the ''Rāmāyaṇa''. It narrates the struggle between two groups of cousins in the Kuruk ...
.
Thiruvambadi Sri Krishna Temple Thiruvambadi Sri Krishna Temple is a Hindu temple in the city of Thrissur in Kerala, India. The main deities of this temple are Krishna in the form of a child, and Bhadrakali, both having equal importance. There are sub-shrines for Ganesha, S ...
, one of the largest
Sree Krishna Krishna (; sa, कृष्ण ) is a major deity in Hinduism. He is worshipped as the eighth avatar of Vishnu and also as the Supreme god in his own right. He is the god of protection, compassion, tenderness, and love; and is one o ...
temples in Kerala and
Paramekkavu Bagavathi Temple Paramekkavu Bagavathi Temple is one of the largest Bagavathi temples in Kerala located in Thrissur City. Sakthan Thampuran ordained the temples into two groups, namely "Paramekkavu side" and "Thiruvambady side" for Thrissur Pooram which is the bi ...
which is one of the largest
Bagavathi ''Bagavathi'' is a 2002 Indian Tamil-language action film written and directed by A. Venkatesh, which features Vijay and Reemma Sen. Jai, Vadivelu, Ashish Vidyarthi, K. Vishwanath, and Yugendran play supporting roles, while Deva composed t ...
temples in Kerala is also situated in the city. Aykunnu Pandavagiri Devi Temple is situated at Venginisseri village, that around 9 km from city center. Sree Guruvayurappan Temple is located in
Guruvayur Guruvayur () is a municipal temple town in Thrissur District, of Kerala State in India. It is a suburban town of Thrissur city, located from Thrissur towards the north-west. It houses the Guruvayur Shri Krishna Temple. It is located at ...
(28 km from Thrissur); it is also referred to as Bhuloka Vaikunta which means "Holy Abode of Vishnu on Earth". Asia's tallest church, the Our Lady of Dolours Syro-Malabar Catholic Basilica (Puthan Pally),
Our Lady of Lourdes Syro-Malabar Catholic Metropolitan Cathedral Our Lady of Lourdes Metropolitan Cathedral, one of the largest churches in Kerala, is located in the heart of Thrissur City in the state of Kerala, India. Dedicated to Our Lady of Lourdes, the Syro-Malabar Catholic church is noted for its imposi ...
which has an underground shrine,
Saint Antony's Syro-Malabar Church, Ollur The St. Antony's Syro-Malabar Catholic Forane Church is located at Ollur, Thrissur city in Kerala, India. The church belongs to Syro-Malabar Catholic Archdiocese of Thrissur. According to rough figures there are around 4,000 Christians, Christian ...
which has been called as ''Chinna Roma'' (Small Rome) are masterpieces of architecture and indigenous paintings. Saint Euphrasia's tomb and museum also situated in the city. St. Thomas Syro-Malabar Church, Palayur (28 km from Thrissur) is the first church in India , and
Thomas the Apostle Thomas the Apostle ( arc, 𐡀𐡌𐡅𐡕𐡌, hbo, תוֹמא הקדוש or תוֹמָא שליחא (''Toma HaKadosh'' "Thomas the Holy" or ''Toma Shlikha'' "Thomas the Messenger/Apostle" in Hebrew-Aramaic), syc, ܬܐܘܡܐ, , meaning "twi ...
performed the first baptism in India here. The Chettiyangadi Hanafi Mosque in Thrissur City is one of the oldest mosque in Thrissur.
Cheraman Juma Mosque The Cheramaan Perumal Juma Mosque (Malayalam: ചേരമാൻ ജുമാ മസ്ജിദ്‌) (Tamil: சேரமான் பெருமாள் ஜும்ஆ பள்ளிவாசல்) (Arabic: مسجد الرئيس جم ...
in
Kodungallur Kodungallur (; also Cranganore, Portuguese: Cranganor; formerly known as Mahodayapuram, Shingly, Vanchi, Muchiri, Muyirikkode, and Muziris) is a historically significant town situated on the banks of river Periyar on the Malabar Coast in Thr ...
, (40 km from Thrissur) is the first mosque in India.


Cuisine

The cuisine of Thrissur is linked to its history, geography, demography and culture. Rice is the staple food. ''Achappam'', ''Kuzhalappam'', ''Vatteppam'', ''Unniyappam'' and ''Pazham Pori'' are common snacks. ''Vellayappam'', a kind of rice hopper is another dish which is special to the city, there have a food street named ''vellayappam angadi''.


Education

Thrissur, which has been a centre of learning from ancient times, is developing as a modern education hub. Schools in city are either run publicly by the Kerala Government or privately, some with financial aid from the Government. Education is generally conducted in English or
Malayalam Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of 22 scheduled languages of India. Malayalam was des ...
, with the former being the majority. Most schools are affiliated with the
Kerala State Education Board Kerala Board of Public Examination is the state level education board of Kerala. It is administerd by the Government of Kerala. The board is responsible for conducting various examinations on the basis of a unified law.Its Headquarters is locate ...
or
Indian Certificate of Secondary Education The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) is an examination conducted by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, a private board designed to provide an examination in a course of general education, in accordance wi ...
(ICSE) or the
Central Board for Secondary Education The Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) is a national level board of education in India for public and private schools, controlled and managed by the Government of India. Established in 1929 by a resolution of the government, the Board ...
(CBSE) or the
National Institute of Open Schooling The National Institute of Open Schooling (NIOS), formerly National Open School (name changed in 2002), is the board of education under the Union Government of India. It was established by the Ministry of Human Resource Development of the Gove ...
(NIOS) or the Montessori system. There are 93 lower primary schools; 34 upper primary schools; and 78 high schools; and 157 higher secondary schools in the city.


Healthcare

The city serves as a centre for healthcare in Central Kerala, with people from Thrissur District,
Palakkad District Palakkad District () is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala. It was carved out from the southeastern region of the former Malabar District on 1 January 1957. It is located at the centre of Kerala. It is the largest district i ...
,
Malappuram District Malappuram (), is one of the List of districts of Kerala, 14 districts in the States and union territories of India, Indian state of Kerala, with a coastline of . It is the most populous district of Kerala, which is home to around 13% of the to ...
and the northern part of
Ernakulam District Ernakulam, ; ISO: ''Eṟaṇākuḷaṁ'', in Malayalam: എറണാകുളം), is one of the 14 districts in the Indian state of Kerala, that takes its name from the eponymous city division in Kochi. It is situated in the central part o ...
coming to Thrissur for medical care. There are three medical colleges in the city: Government Medical College, Thrissur,
Amala Institute of Medical Sciences Amala Institute of Medical Sciences is a private medical college near Amalanagar, in Thrissur city, of Kerala state. It is a Christian minority institution established and administered by the Devamatha Province of the Carmelites of Mary Immacul ...
, and
Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute Jubilee Mission Medical College and Research Institute is a private, non-profit Christian minority medical college, hospital and research institute located at Thrissur in Kerala, India. The establishment is administered by the Jubilee Mission H ...
. The
Vaidyaratnam Ayurveda College Vaidyaratnam Oushadhasala is an Ayurvedic Pharmaceutical company situated in Thaikkattussery, near Ollur (Thrissur, Kerala). It is managed by Thaikkattusseri Eledathu Thaikkattu Family, one among the Ashtavaidya families of Kerala. Vaidyaratna ...
also situated in city.


Sports

Football is the most popular sport in the city, and there are two football stadiums in the city,
Thrissur Municipal Corporation Stadium Thrissur Corporation Stadium is a football stadium owned by Thrissur Municipal Corporation. Situated in Thrissur city, it is also known as Palace Stadium. It is one of the oldest stadiums in Kerala, India and has capacity to hold 15,000 people. ...
and Thope Stadium.Largest and Highest Temporary Stadium in the World as per
GUINNESS BOOK OF WORLD RECORDS ''Guinness World Records'', known from its inception in 1955 until 1999 as ''The Guinness Book of Records'' and in previous United States editions as ''The Guinness Book of World Records'', is a reference book published annually, listing world ...
built in Trichur corporation ground in 1990 for the occasion of Federaion Cup fotball tournament,which was designed by Er.T.J.ANTONY. International players and former Indian captains C. V. Pappachan,
I. M. Vijayan Inivalappil Mani Vijayan (born 25 April 1969), also known by the nickname Kalo Harin (Blackbuck), is a former professional football player who also captained the India national football team. He played as a striker, where he formed a successf ...
and
Jo Paul Ancheri Jo Paul Ancheri (born 2 August 1976) is an Indian former professional football player who captained the Indian Football team. He was named the AIFF Player of the Year by the All India Football Federation in 1994 and 2001. He currently works as ...
, the young Under 17 World Cup player K. P. Rahul belongs to Thrissur. The
N.I. David Memorial Trophy N.I. David Memorial Trophy is an annual inter-club football tournament held at Thrissur Municipal Corporation Stadium, Thrissur. The football championship was started in 1996 by the then Superintendent of Police in memory of N. I. David IPS who di ...
, an annual inter-club football tournament is held in Thrissur every year. The football championship was started in 1996 by the then Superintendent of Police, Thrissur. The city has a floodlit stadium, known as
Thrissur Municipal Corporation Stadium Thrissur Corporation Stadium is a football stadium owned by Thrissur Municipal Corporation. Situated in Thrissur city, it is also known as Palace Stadium. It is one of the oldest stadiums in Kerala, India and has capacity to hold 15,000 people. ...
. It also has two indoor stadiums,
V.K.N. Menon Indoor Stadium VKN Menon Indoor Stadium is an indoor stadium situated in the city of Thrissur in Kerala, India. The stadium is owned by Kerala State Sports Council. The stadium is used for badminton, judo and weightlifting Weightlifting generally refers to ...
and a
Sports Authority of India The Sports Authority of India (SAI) is the apex national sports body of India, established in 1982 by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports of Government of India for the development of sports in India. SAI has 2 Sports Academic institution ...
(SAI) maintained
Thrissur Aquatic Complex Thrissur Aquatic Complex is a swimming pool complex situated in Thrissur city of Kerala in India. History The complex was built in 1987 in three and half acres of land and was inaugurated by former Kerala Chief Minister K. Karunakaran. Vinod Ra ...
with international facilities. Thrissur has contributed many national and international bodybuilding stars to
India India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
. Chess prodigy
Nihal Sarin Nihal Sarin (born 13 July 2004) is an Indian chess player and chess prodigy. He achieved the title of Grandmaster at age 14. In 2018, he passed the Elo rating of 2600 at 14 years old, which at the time made him the third youngest player in his ...
is from Thrissur.


Media

The first
Malayalam Malayalam (; , ) is a Dravidian language spoken in the Indian state of Kerala and the union territories of Lakshadweep and Puducherry (Mahé district) by the Malayali people. It is one of 22 scheduled languages of India. Malayalam was des ...
newspaper which published from Thrissur was ''Lokamanyan'' in 1920. Then came ''
Deenabandhu Deenabandhu is a defunct Malayalam language newspaper printed daily and published from the Thrissur city, Kerala in India. The newspaper was the first periodicals published from Kingdom of Cochin which supported the Indian Independence Moveme ...
'' edited by
V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan V. R. Krishnan Ezhuthachan (1909–2004) was an Indian freedom fighter, Gandhian, journalist, trade unionist and Indian National Congress leader from Thrissur city in Kerala, India. Ezhuthachan was the founder general secretary of the Kochi Rajy ...
. ''Ezhuthachan'' started publishing as a weekly in 1941 from Thrissur. It was one of the first periodicals that supported the national movement. As soon as the
Quit India The Quit India Movement, also known as the August Kranti Movement, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8th August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end to British rule i ...
movement was started, its editor and staff were sent to jail and publications were banned. Later ''Lokamanyan'' (1920); ''Kerala Chintamani'' (1905); ''Kerala Kesari'' (1924); ''Mahatma'' (1930); ''Gomathy'' (1930) and ''Navajeevan'' of
Joseph Mundassery Joseph Mundassery (17 July 1903 – 25 October 1977) was a literary critic and Indian politician from Kerala state. He specialised in the Malayalam language and literature. In Kerala politics, he is remembered as the Education Minister who wa ...
was also published from Thrissur. ''The Express'' started in 1944 from Thrissur with K Krishanan as the editor is known in Central Kerala for its nationalist and socialist views. Major Malayalam newspapers published in Thrissur include ''
Malayala Manorama ''Malayala Manorama'' is a morning newspaper in Malayalam published from Kottayam, Kerala, India by the Malayala Manorama Company Limited. Currently headed by Mammen Mathew; it was first published as a weekly on 22 March 1888, and currently has ...
'', ''
Mathrubhumi ''Mathrubhumi'' is a Malayalam newspaper that is published from Kerala, India. It was founded by K. P. Kesava Menon, an active volunteer in the Indian independence movement, Indian freedom struggle against the British Raj, British. The word "M ...
'', ''
Madhyamam ''Madhyamam'' (meaning ''Medium'') is a Malayalam-language newspaper published in Kerala, India, since 1987.Deepika'', ''
Kerala Kaumudi ''Kerala Kaumudi'' is a Malayalam language daily newspaper published from Kerala, India. It was founded in 1911 by C. V. Kunhiraman as a periodical. His son K. Sukumaran later served as the newspaper's editor. Kerala Kaumudi Daily is among the ...
'', ''
Deshabhimani ''Deshabhimani'' is a Malayalam newspaper and the organ of the Kerala State Committee of the Communist Party of India (Marxist). It started as a weekly in Calicut on 6 September 1942 and converted to a daily in 1946. The paper now has ten diffe ...
'', ''
Mangalam Mangalam is a census town in Tiruppur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Geography Mangalam is located at . It has an average elevation of 32 metres (104 feet). It is located 1 kilometer toward the South from District headqua ...
'', ''Veekshanam'', ''Metro Vaartha'' and ''
Janayugom ''Janayugom'' is a Malayalam daily newspaper published in Kerala, India. It is the official organ of the Kerala State Council of the Communist Party of India. It is the first newspaper in India using free software. Originally started in 1947 as ...
''. A number of evening papers, like ''
General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of highest military ranks, high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers t ...
'' in Malayalam and ''
City Journal ''City Journal'' is a public policy magazine and website, published by the conservative Manhattan Institute for Policy Research, that covers a range of topics on urban affairs, such as policing, education, housing, and other issues. The magazine ...
'' in English, are also published from the city. Newspapers in other regional languages like
Hindi Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...
,
Kannada Kannada (; ಕನ್ನಡ, ), originally romanised Canarese, is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by the people of Karnataka in southwestern India, with minorities in all neighbouring states. It has around 47 million native s ...
,
Tamil Tamil may refer to: * Tamils, an ethnic group native to India and some other parts of Asia ** Sri Lankan Tamils, Tamil people native to Sri Lanka also called ilankai tamils **Tamil Malaysians, Tamil people native to Malaysia * Tamil language, nati ...
and
Telugu Telugu may refer to: * Telugu language, a major Dravidian language of India *Telugu people, an ethno-linguistic group of India * Telugu script, used to write the Telugu language ** Telugu (Unicode block), a block of Telugu characters in Unicode S ...
are also available in city. The first cinema hall in Kerala, with a manually operated film projector, was opened in Thrissur by
Jose Kattookkaran ''Kattukkaran Varunny Joseph'' (Known as also Jose Kattookkaran and shortly, Kattukkaran Varunny) who is known as "Father of Malayalam cinema and theater industry" was an industrialist who established the former film exhibiting company in Kera ...
in 1907. In 1913, the first electrically operated film projector was established in city again by
Jose Kattookkaran ''Kattukkaran Varunny Joseph'' (Known as also Jose Kattookkaran and shortly, Kattukkaran Varunny) who is known as "Father of Malayalam cinema and theater industry" was an industrialist who established the former film exhibiting company in Kera ...
and was called the ''Jose Electrical Bioscope'' now known as
Jose Theatre Jos Theatre is the first permanent movie theatre in Kerala. Located in Swaraj Round in Thrissur city, it was built by Kattukkaran Varunny Joseph, the first man to screen the film in Kerala Kerala ( ; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast ...
. A film festival, known as
ViBGYOR Film Festival ViBGYOR Film Festival is an international short and documentary film festival held annually in Thrissur City in Kerala state of India. ViBGYOR Film Festival is organised by ViBGYOR Film collective, a coalition of Chetana Media Institute, Nott ...
, is held in the city every year. It is an international short and documentary film festival. Telephony services are provided by various players like
Aircel Aircel Ltd. was an Indian mobile network operator headquartered in Mumbai that offered voice and 2G and 3G data services. Maxis Communications held a 74% stake and Sindya Securities and Investments held the remaining 26%. Aircel was founde ...
,
Airtel Bharti Airtel Limited, commonly known as (d/b/a) Airtel, is an Indian multinational telecommunications services company based in New Delhi. It operates in 18 countries across South Asia and Africa, as well as the Channel Islands. Currently, ...
,
Idea cellular Idea Cellular (commonly referred to as Idea, and stylised as ''!dea'') was an Indian mobile network operator based at Mumbai, Maharashtra. Idea was a pan-India integrated GSM operator and had 220.00 million subscribers as of June 2018. ...
,
Vodafone Vodafone Group Public limited company, plc () is a British Multinational corporation, multinational Telephone company, telecommunications company. Its registered office and Headquarters, global headquarters are in Newbury, Berkshire, England. It ...
,
Reliance Infocomm Reliance Communications Limited (RCOM) was an Indian mobile network provider headquartered in Navi Mumbai that offered voice and 2G and 3G and 4G data services. In February 2019, the company filed for bankruptcy as it was unable to sell asse ...
,
Tata Docomo Tata Docomo was an Indian mobile network operator, a wholly owned subsidiary of Tata Teleservices. In October 2017, Bharti Airtel announced a merger deal with Tata Teleservices and the acquisition of Tata Docomo. As of 21 July 2019, all Tata D ...
, MTS,
Uninor Telenor (India) Communications Private Limited, formerly known as Uninor, was an Indian mobile network operator. The company was a wholly owned subsidiary of Norwegian telecommunications company Telenor Group. In February 2017, Telenor Group a ...
,
Tata Indicom Tata Tele Business Services Limited (TTBSL), formally known as Tata Tele Services Limited (TTSL), is an Indian broadband, telecommunications and cloud service provider based in Mumbai. It is a subsidiary of the Tata Group, an Indian conglome ...
and the state owned BSNL. BSNL is also offering 3G services in Thrissur. The city also have Broadband wireless services on
WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is a family of wireless broadband communication standards based on the IEEE 802.16 set of standards, which provide physical layer (PHY) and media access control (MAC) options. The WiMAX ...
platform. Private FM radio stations in the Thrissur are Club FM 104.8 MHz,
Radio Mango 91.9 Radio Mango is an Indian FM Radio network channel headquartered in Kochi, Kerala. Radio Mango started broadcasting from Kozhikode as Kerala's first Malayalam private FM station on 29 November 2007. It was established as a venture of the Malay ...
 MHz, BEST FM 95 by (
Asianet Communications Limited Asianet Star Communications, formerly Asianet Communications, is an Indian media company headquartered in Trivandrum owned by Disney Star, a wholly owned subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. Asianet Star Communications operates Malayalam ch ...
), Red FM 91.1 MHz.
All India Radio All or ALL may refer to: Language * All, an indefinite pronoun in English * All, one of the English determiners * Allar language (ISO 639-3 code) * Allative case (abbreviated ALL) Music * All (band), an American punk rock band * ''All'' (All a ...
has an AM (630 kHz) and an FM (101.1 MHz) station for the city. The transmitter of the
All India Radio All or ALL may refer to: Language * All, an indefinite pronoun in English * All, one of the English determiners * Allar language (ISO 639-3 code) * Allative case (abbreviated ALL) Music * All (band), an American punk rock band * ''All'' (All a ...
(630 kHz) was commissioned on 4 November 1956. The station started independent broadcasting in 1974. Thrissur has a
Doordarshan Doordarshan (abbreviated as DD; Hindi: , ) is an Indian public service broadcaster founded by the Government of India, owned by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and one of Prasar Bharati's two divisions. One of India's largest bro ...
studio with a low power transmitter located near the studio.


Transport


Road

The city is connected to the North-South Corridor
National Highway (India) The National highways in India are a network of trunk roads owned by the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways. National highways have flyover access or some controlled-access, where entrance and exit is through the side of the flyover, at ...
via the four-lane National Highway 544, previously NH 47. The highway traverses through the entire length and breadth of the city from different points and provides access to the nearby cities such of
Kochi Kochi (), also known as Cochin ( ) ( the official name until 1996) is a major port city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is part of the district of Ernakulam in the state of K ...
,
Palakkad Palakkad (), formerly known as Palghat, historically known as Palakkattussery is a city and municipality in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the administrative headquarters of the Palakkad District. Palakkad is most densely populated municipal ...
and
Coimbatore Coimbatore, also spelt as Koyamputhur (), sometimes shortened as Kovai (), is one of the major metropolitan cities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is located on the banks of the Noyyal River and surrounded by the Western Ghats. Coimbato ...
. NH 544 provides two main exit points at
Mannuthy ] ] Mannuthy is suburb area on National Highway 544 of Thrissur city of Kerala, India. Mannuthy is Ward 13 of Thrissur Municipal Corporation. Kerala Agricultural University is situated in Vellanikkara near Mannuthy. Mannuthy is also a center fo ...
and
Thalore Thalore is a suburb situated 9 km south of Thrissur city in Kerala, India. It is a part of Thrissur Municipal Corporation and Nenmanikkara Grama Panchayat. Etymology Since Thalore is situated at a slightly higher altitude compared to neig ...
which is bypass to the Thrissur city. The city is largely dependent on private buses, taxis and
auto rickshaws An auto rickshaw is a motorized version of the pulled rickshaw or cycle rickshaw. Most have three wheels and do not tilt. They are known by many terms in various countries including auto, auto rickshaw, baby taxi, mototaxi, pigeon, jonnybee, bajaj ...
for public transport. A transit terminal was announced for
Puzhakkal Puzhakkal, also Puzhakkal Padam, is part of Puzhakkal block of Thrissur. A decade ago, Puzhakkal was a vast paddy field situated in the two sides of State Highway 69 (Kerala) going to Kunnamkulam. The place is named after Puzhakkal River, whic ...
in 2013. Land was transferred to the Thissur Mobility Hub Society on a 99-year lease in 2015. State-owned
Kerala State Road Transport Corporation Kerala State Road Transport Corporation (KSRTC) is a state-owned road transport corporation in the Indian state of Kerala. It is one of the country's oldest state-run public bus transport services. The corporation is divided into three zones ( ...
(KSRTC) runs inter-state, inter-district and city services. Thrissur has three bus stations, the
Shaktan Thampuran Private Bus Stand, Thrissur Shaktan Thampuran Private Bus Stand is a private bus terminal in Kerala, India and is located at the southern part of the Thrissur city. This bus stand is only 1 km away from Thrissur Thrissur (), formerly Trichur, also known by its hi ...
in Sakthan Thampuran Nagar, Vadakke Stand (Northern Bus Stand) and the Thrissur KSRTC Bus Station near the
Thrissur railway station Thrissur railway station (station code:- TCR) is a railway station in Kerala, India. Thrissur also is known as the Cultural Capital of Kerala. Thrissur railway station is a major railway head in South India and A1 classified station operated by ...
. State Highway (SH 69) Thrissur-
Kuttippuram Kuttippuram is a town and a block headquarters, which is situated in the Tirur Taluk, Malappuram district of Kerala state, India. The town is located 34 kilometres south-west of Malappuram. The Bharathappuzha river flows through Kuttippuram. A ...
Road,
SH 22 Route 22, or Highway 22, can refer to: International * European route E22 Argentina * National Route 22 Australia * Great Western Highway, Parramatta Road Austria * Donauufer Autobahn Canada * Alberta Highway 22 ** Alberta Highway 22X * B ...
Kodungallur Kodungallur (; also Cranganore, Portuguese: Cranganor; formerly known as Mahodayapuram, Shingly, Vanchi, Muchiri, Muyirikkode, and Muziris) is a historically significant town situated on the banks of river Periyar on the Malabar Coast in Thr ...
Shornur Shornur is a town and a municipality located in the Palakkad district, in the Indian state of Kerala, located on the banks of the Bharathapuzha River. The town covers an area of 32.28 km2. Geography Shornur is located at . It has an ave ...
Road, SH 75 Thrissur – Kanjani –
Vadanappally Vatanappally (Vatanappilly/) is a panchayat and census town in Thrissur district, in the state of Kerala, India.It is a suburb of Thrissur city. Vatanapally is a small coastal village on the coastal belt of Thrissur district, about from Thris ...
Road are the three state highways which connect city with its suburbs and municipalities.


Railway

The Southern Railway zone of the
Indian Railways Indian Railways (IR) is a statutory body under the ownership of Ministry of Railways, Government of India that operates India's national railway system. It manages the fourth largest national railway system in the world by size, with a tot ...
operates the main rail transport system in Thrissur. There are four railway stations in Thrissur city.
Thrissur railway station Thrissur railway station (station code:- TCR) is a railway station in Kerala, India. Thrissur also is known as the Cultural Capital of Kerala. Thrissur railway station is a major railway head in South India and A1 classified station operated by ...
, one of the four A+ railway station in Kerala provides trains to three directions and lies on the busy
Shoranur–Cochin Harbour section Shoranur–Cochin Harbour section is a high density railway corridor in Kerala state, India, running from Shoranur Junction in Palakkad district through Thrissur district to Cochin in Ernakulam district. The Shoranur–Cochin Harbour section is ...
. It has a satellite station,
Punkunnam railway station Punkunnam railway station (Station Code: PNQ) falls between Thrissur railway station and Mulankunnathukavu railway station in the busy Shoranur–Cochin Harbour section. Punkunnam railway station is operated by the Chennai-headquartered Sout ...
and two minor stations, Ollur railway station and
Mulankunnathukavu railway station Mulangunnathukavu railway station (station code: MGK) is in Mulakunnathukavu (മുളങ്കുന്നത്തുകാവ്), a panchayat in Puzhakkal block of Thrissur, which is situated between Wadakkanchery railway station and Punk ...
. Thrissur railway station also connects to the temple town of
Guruvayur Guruvayur () is a municipal temple town in Thrissur District, of Kerala State in India. It is a suburban town of Thrissur city, located from Thrissur towards the north-west. It houses the Guruvayur Shri Krishna Temple. It is located at ...
by
Guruvayur–Thrissur spur line Guruvayur–Thrissur section is a spur line functioning under Trivandrum railway division of Southern Railway zone. This is a single broad-gauge line which begins at Thrissur city and ends at Guruvayur in Thrissur district of Kerala. The se ...
. In addition, Southern Railway is running a suburban railway system connecting Thrissur to
Kochi Kochi (), also known as Cochin ( ) ( the official name until 1996) is a major port city on the Malabar Coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea, which is a part of the Arabian Sea. It is part of the district of Ernakulam in the state of K ...
and
Palakkad Palakkad (), formerly known as Palghat, historically known as Palakkattussery is a city and municipality in the Indian state of Kerala. It is the administrative headquarters of the Palakkad District. Palakkad is most densely populated municipal ...
using Mainline Electrical Multiple Unit services (
MEMU On Indian Railways, the MEMUs are electric multiple unit (EMU) trains that serve short and medium-distance routes in India, as compared to normal EMU trains that connect urban and suburban areas. The acronym stands for Mainline Electric Multiple ...
).


Requirements

* Trivandrum bound KSRTC service via Irinjalakuda, Kodungallur, Paravoor, Vytilla


Picture gallery

File:Thrissur Museum and zoo - Dec2011- 0216.JPG, Entrance gate of
Thrissur Zoo Thrissur Zoo or State Museum & Zoo, Thrissur (formerly the Trichur Zoo) is a zoo that opened in 1885 in a small area called Chembukkavu, in the heart of Thrissur City, Kerala, India. It is one of the oldest zoos in the country, and is home to ...
File:Artmuseum.JPG,
Archaeological Museum, Thrissur Archaeological Museum, Thrissur is an art and archaeological museum situated in Thrissur City of Kerala state, India. The museum is located in the Thrissur Zoo compound. History The archaeological museum was started as Sree Mulam Chithrasala (P ...
File:St thomas college thrissur.jpg,
St. Thomas College, Thrissur St. Thomas' College (Autonomous), Thrissur is a government aided college located in Thrissur, Kerala, India. It is founded by Mar Adolph Medlycott in 1889. It is the oldest college in the Erstwhile Princely State of Cochin and present day Th ...
File:K. Karunakaran Smaraka Town Hall 02.JPG,
Thrissur Town Hall The Thrissur Town Hall is an imposing building situated in Thrissur city, Kerala state, India. It was constructed during the Dewanship of RK Shanmughom Chetti and contains the Archaeological Museum and Picture Gallery, where mural paintings from ...
File:Mural Art Museum, Thrissur.jpg,
Mural Art Museum Mural Art Museum is the only museum dedicated to mural arts in Kerala. It is situated in Kollengode Palace in Thrissur, India. It was started as a part of Sree Mulam Chithrasala (Picture Gallery) in 1938. Afterwards it was an archaeological mus ...
File:Sakthan Thampuran palace.jpg,
Shakthan Thampuran Palace Shakthan Thampuran Palace is situated in City of Thrissur in Kerala state, India. It is named as Vadakkekara Palace, was reconstructed in Kerala-Dutch style in 1795 by Ramavarma Thampuran of the erstwhile Princely State of Cochin, well as Sakthan ...


See also

*
Thrissur Municipal Corporation The Thrissur Municipal Corporation is the civic body that governs the Thrissur city in Kerala, India. It is the third largest city Corporation in the state of Kerala by area and fourth largest in population. Established as a Municipality since 19 ...
*
Thrissur in popular culture This article aims to compile various depictions of Thrissur in popular culture. Films * '' Thoovanathumbikal'': Malayalam director Padmarajan's film '' Thoovanathumbikal'' was shot in Thrissur city. Almost all the main characters speak with a Th ...
*
List of Thrissur Corporation wards Thrissur is one of the six major cities in the state of Kerala, India. Thrissur city, being home to several cultural, literary and other institutions like Kerala Sahitya Academy and Kerala Sangeetha Nadaka Academy is nicknamed the ''Cultural Ca ...
*
List of people from Thrissur List of prominent people born / settled in areas coming under the present day Thrissur District, Kerala. Science and academia *Pulickel Ajayan *George Menachery * Mani Menon *K. N. Panikkar * K. Radhakrishnan * Sankaranarayana * P. N. Vinayac ...
*
List of tallest buildings in Thrissur This list of tallest buildings in Thrissur ranks the high-rises in Thrissur, Kerala, India. Thrissur is witnessing a huge high-rise boom with many skyscrapers getting built in different parts of the city. Sobha Topaz in Sobha City is the talle ...
*
List of twin towns and sister cities in India This is a list of places in India which have standing links to local communities in other countries known as "town twinning" (usually in Europe) or "sister cities" (usually in the rest of the world). A Agra * Petra, Jordan * Tempe, United ...
*
Visitor attractions in Thrissur Thrissur (), formerly Trichur, also known by its historical name Thrissivaperur, is a city and the headquarters of the Thrissur district in Kerala, India. It is the third largest urban agglomeration in Kerala after Kochi and Kozhikode, and t ...


References


Further reading

* C A Krishnan (2009), ''Anchuvilakku'' (Malayalam : അഞ്ചുവിളക്ക്). Green Books, Thrissur. * T. R. Venugopalan (2012), ''Sampathum Adhikaravum: Thrissuril Ninnulla Oru Kazcha'', Cosmos Books, Thrissur. * Robert Bradnock, Roma Bradnock (2000), ''South India Handbook: The Travel Guide''. * Sarina Singh (2001), ''South India''. * Karen Schreitmüller (2009), ''India''.


External links


Government Portal for The Thrissur City

Government Portal for the district of Thrissur

All about district of Thrissur
{{Authority control Metropolitan cities in India Tourist attractions in Thrissur district Former capital cities in India Cities and towns in Thrissur district Indian cities articles by quality