India
India, officially the Republic of India (Hindi: ), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and the most populous democracy in the world. Bounded by the Indian Ocean on the so ...
n state of
Jharkhand
Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . It ...
. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement, which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South
Bihar
Bihar (; ) is a state in eastern India. It is the 2nd largest state by population in 2019, 12th largest by area of , and 14th largest by GDP in 2021. Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Be ...
, northern
Odisha
Odisha (English: , ), formerly Orissa ( the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India. It is the 8th largest state by area, and the 11th largest by population. The state has the third largest population of ...
, western
West Bengal
West Bengal (, Bengali: ''Poshchim Bongo'', , abbr. WB) is a state in the eastern portion of India. It is situated along the Bay of Bengal, along with a population of over 91 million inhabitants within an area of . West Bengal is the fourt ...
and the eastern area of what is present-day
Chhattisgarh
Chhattisgarh (, ) is a landlocked state in Central India. It is the ninth largest state by area, and with a population of roughly 30 million, the seventeenth most populous. It borders seven states – Uttar Pradesh to the north, Madhya Prade ...
. The
Jharkhand
Jharkhand (; ; ) is a state in eastern India. The state shares its border with the states of West Bengal to the east, Chhattisgarh to the west, Uttar Pradesh to the northwest, Bihar to the north and Odisha to the south. It has an area of . It ...
state was formed on 15 November 2000 by carving out the Bihar divisions of Chota Nagpur and
Santhal Parganas
Santhal Pargana division constitutes one of the five district administration units known as the divisions of Jharkhand state in eastern India.
Origin of name
Santhal Pargana derives its name from two words: " Santhal", a major tribe of India ...
. Ranchi has been selected as one of the hundred Indian cities to be developed as a
smart city
A smart city is a technologically modern urban area that uses different types of electronic methods and sensors to collect specific data. Information gained from that data is used to manage assets, resources and services efficiently; in return ...
Smart Cities Mission
National Smart Cities Mission is an urban renewal and retrofitting program by the Government of India with the mission to develop smart cities across the country, making them citizen friendly and sustainable. The Union Ministry of Urban Devel ...
.
During the time of the
British Raj
The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent;
*
* it is also called Crown rule in India,
*
*
*
*
or Direct rule in India,
* Quote: "Mill, who was himsel ...
, the city was the summer capital of Bihar, because of its cold climate during the winter season. Ranchi is also one of the oldest cities in Jharkhand. Jagannath Temple and Ratu Palace are some sights which witnessed the history of Ranchi.
Ranchi is rapidly growing its economy, and certain parks, special economic zones and industrial areas are being developed. Of late, new sectors and modern areas have been built for the city's development. Ranchi is also nicknamed the 'City of Waterfalls'.
Etymology
According to one popular tale, Captain choose "Archi" a Oraon tribal village as headquarters. ''Archi'' means Bamboo forest in local Nagpuri dialect. The British inadvertently named "Archi" as "Ranchi". Captain Thomas Wilkinson renamed Kishunpur village as Rachi. Up to 1927, the place was known as Rachi.
In his book ''The Mundas and Their Country'', anthropologist Sarat Chandra Roy writes that the name of the city is derived from the Mundari word ''aranchi'' or "short stick" used in driving cattle.
According to another local story, the name of Ranchi comes from a local bird named "Rici" which was mostly found in the
Pahari Mandir
Pahari Mandir is a temple located in hilltop in Ranchi the capital of Jharkhand. The temple is dedicated to Shiva. This temple is located at 2140 feet above sea level and 350 feet above the ground. To reach the temple one has to climb 468 step ...
premise. ''Rici'' is name for Black Kite ''(
Milvus migrans
The black kite (''Milvus migrans'') is a medium-sized bird of prey in the family Accipitridae, which also includes many other diurnal raptors. It is thought to be the world's most abundant species of Accipitridae, although some populations have ...
'') in Mundari language, the modern-day landmark of Ranchi city, the Pahari Mandir, is also known as ''Rici Buru'' (रिचि बुरु) - the hill of the kites, and the city originated on the foothills of Rici Buru with the construction of ''Bada Talab'' by Commissioner Thomas Wilkinson at the same site.
History
The early evidence of use of several iron slag, pot sheds, iron tools found in Chota Nagpur region around 1400 BCE. Magadha Empire exercised indirect control over the territory, which lasted until the reign of the
Ashoka
Ashoka (, ; also ''Asoka''; 304 – 232 BCE), popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was the third emperor of the Maurya Empire of Indian subcontinent during to 232 BCE. His empire covered a large part of the Indian subcontinent, ...
. Armies of
Samudra Gupta
Samudragupta ( Gupta script: ''Sa-mu-dra-gu-pta'', (c. 335–375 CE) was the second emperor of the Gupta Empire of ancient India, and is regarded among the greatest rulers of the dynasty. As a son of the Gupta emperor Chandragupta I and the ...
passed through the region on their expedition to the
Deccan
The large Deccan Plateau in southern India is located between the Western Ghats and the Eastern Ghats, and is loosely defined as the peninsular region between these ranges that is south of the Narmada river. To the north, it is bounded by the ...
. In 4th century CE, Nagvanshi king Raja Pratap Rai chose Chutia as his capital which is now a place in Ranchi. Few ruins of Chutia trace back to 2nd Century CE. With the expansion of the
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an early-modern empire that controlled much of South Asia between the 16th and 19th centuries. Quote: "Although the first two Timurid emperors and many of their noblemen were recent migrants to the subcontinent, the d ...
, the sovereign status of the Nagvanshi dynasty was technically affected, but they continued to rule and administer independently. Thakur
Ani Nath Shahdeo
Ani Nath Shahdeo was Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur, Nagvanshi king in 17th century. He was king of Barkagarh estate. He founded his capital at Satrangi near Subarnarekha River, Subarnarekha river. He built Jagannath Temple, Ranchi, Jagannath temple in ...
made Satranji as capital of
Barkagarh estate
The Barkagarh estate was a zamindari estate situated in modern-day Jharkhand, India, in erstwhile Lohardaga district (now in Ranchi). It was established by Ani Nath Shahdeo, the son of Nagvanshi king Ram Shah in 17th century. The capital of the es ...
Jagannath Temple
The Jagannath Temple is an important Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath, a form of Vishnu - one of the trinity of supreme divinity in Hinduism. Puri is in the state of Odisha, on the eastern coast of India. The present temple was rebuilt f ...
East India Company
The East India Company (EIC) was an English, and later British, joint-stock company founded in 1600 and dissolved in 1874. It was formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region, initially with the East Indies (the Indian subcontinent and Southea ...
. British reduced Nagvanshi rulers to Jamindar in 1817 due to rebellion of Jagirdars under Nagvanshi against tax imposition by East India Company and directly ruled Chotanagpur. In 1833, Captain Wilkinson established headquarter of the
South-West Frontier
Chota Nagpur Division, also known as the South-West Frontier, was an administrative division of British India. It included most of the present-day state of Jharkhand as well as adjacent portions of West Bengal, Orissa, and Chhattisgarh.
History ...
agency in the village of Kishunpur, which he renamed into Ranchi after the hamlet located at the foot of the Hill. In 1855, Thakur Vishwanath Shahdeo declared independene from British rule. British attacked Satranji but he defeated British forces. He ruled independently for two years. In
Indian Rebellion of 1857
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India in 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown. The rebellion began on 10 May 1857 in the fo ...
, Thakur Vishwanath Shahdeo led soldiers of Ramgarh Battalion with Madhav Singh who was Jamadar of Ramgarh Battalion.
Pandey Ganpat Rai
Pandey Ganpat Rai (1809-1858) was a revolutionary and rebel leader in the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and a chieftain in Lohardaga district of Bihar (now a part of Jharkhand).
Early life
He was born on January 17, 1809 in Bhounro village of Lohar ...
,
Tikait Umrao Singh
Tikait Umrao Singh was a king and freedom fighter. He was king of small kingdom Bandhgawa which is located in Ranchi district in Jharkhand. In Indian rebellion 1857, he and his brother Ghasi Singh played pivotal role in preventing East India Comp ...
and
Sheikh Bhikhari
Sheikh Bhikhari (1819–1858) was a combatant in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. He was a Dewan and general of Tikait Umrao Singh. He was born in Budmu, Bihar to a weaver Ansari family but spent the rest of his life in Khudia-Lotwa village of Orm ...
also joined rebellion. They attacked British in Ranchi and compelled to flee them. But later they were defeated by East India company forces in Chatra and in Pithuriya with the help of king of
Pithuriya
Pithoria is a village in the Kanke block, Kanke Community development block in India, CD block in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of the Ranchi district in the Indian States and territories of India, state of Jharkhand.
History
According to legend, ...
,
Jagatpal Singh
Jagatpal Singh was king of Pithoria in 19th century. He was ally of British East India Company. His father Jaimangal Singh and he made Pithoria business and cultural centre. He helped British in supression of Rebellion of 1857 in Ranchi.
Early ...
and hanged. British made Ranchi as municipality in 1869 and Ranchi was first termed as a town in the census of 1872. Nagvanshi shifted their capital to
Ratu
''Ratu'' () is an Austronesian title used by male Fijians of chiefly rank. An equivalent title, ''adi'' (pronounced ), is used by females of chiefly rank. In the Malay language, the title ''ratu'' is also the traditional honorific title to re ...
from Palkot in 1870.
Udai Pratap Nath Shah Deo
Udai Pratap Nath Shahdeo (23 March 1866 - 21 September 1950), was the Nagvanshi Maharaja of Chotanagpur Zamindari estate. He donated large tracts of land to build infrastructure of Ranchi city. He built the Ratu Palace in Ranchi in 1901. He was ...
built Ratu Palace in Ratu in 1900. He donated large tracts of land to built the infrastructure of city. Freedom fighter
Birsa Munda
Birsa Munda (15 November 1875 – 9 June 1900) was an Indian tribal freedom fighter, and folk hero who belonged to the Munda tribe. He spearheaded a tribal religious millenarian movement that arose in the Bengal Presidency (now Jharkhand) i ...
died in the Ranchi jail on 9 June 1900. In 1912,
Jyotirindranath Tagore
Jyotirindranath Tagore ( bn, জ্যোতিরিন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 4 May 1849 – 4 March 1925) was a playwright, a musician, an editor and a painter. He played a major role in the flowering of the talents of his you ...
, the eldest brother of
Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...
, settled in Ranchi. Tagore Hill, where his house was located, has been named after him in remembrance. The last ruler of the Nagvanshi dynasty was
Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo
Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo (14 December 1931 – 10 July 2014), was the last ruling Nagvanshi Maharaja of Chotanagpur Zamindari estate and a politician.
Early life
Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo was born in the royal family of Nag ...
(1931–2014).
After Independence, Ranchi saw significant increase in its population. Its population rate of growth was 3.5% in 1901 to 1941, which increased to 14% in 1951–1971. This was because of increased industrial and educational institutions being set up, as well as the arrival of post-Partition refugees. Ranchi became an 'administrative-cum-industrial' town in 1958 when
Heavy Engineering Corporation
Heavy Engineering Corporation Limited or "HECL" is a Public Sector Undertaking ("PSU") in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. HECL was established in the year 1958 The succeeding years saw Ranchi becoming the headquarter for the following: Steel Authority of India Ltd and Central Coalfields Ltd. The city remained the summer capital of Bihar till the creation of Jharkhand in 2000, when Ranchi became the capital of the new state.
Geography
Ranchi lies at near to the
Tropic of Cancer
The Tropic of Cancer, which is also referred to as the Northern Tropic, is the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead. This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward ...
. The city covers an area of and its average elevation is 651 m above
sea level
Mean sea level (MSL, often shortened to sea level) is an average surface level of one or more among Earth's coastal bodies of water from which heights such as elevation may be measured. The global MSL is a type of vertical datuma standardised g ...
. Ranchi is located in the southern part of the Chota Nagpur plateau, which is the eastern section of the Deccan plateau.
Ranchi has a hilly topography and its dense tropical forests a combination that produces a relatively moderate climate compared to the rest of the state. However, due to the uncontrolled deforestation and development of the city, the average temperature has increased.
Climate
Although Ranchi has a
humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters. These climates normally lie on the southeast side of all continents (except Antarctica), generally between latitudes 25° and 40° ...
(
Köppen Climate Classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
: ''Cwa''), its location and the forests surrounding it combine to produce the unusually pleasant climate for which it is known. Summer temperatures range from 20 to 42 °C, winter temperatures from 0 to 25 °C. December and January are the coolest months, with temperatures dipping to the freezing point in some areas (Kanke). The annual rainfall is about 1430 mm (56.34 inches). From June to September the rainfall is about 1,100 mm.
Demographics
Population
India census,
Ranchi Municipal Corporation
Ranchi Municipal Corporation is responsible for the civic administration of the city of Ranchi. It was established in 1979 in erstwhile Bihar and is presently the biggest municipality in Jharkhand. According to Census of India 2011, the area u ...
has a population of 1,073,427, The urban agglomeration had a population of 14,56,528 making it the 32nd most populous urban agglomeration in India. Males constitute 52.1% of the population and females 47.9%. Ranchi has an average literacy rate of 87.68%.
The city witnessed a sudden surge in population after the declaration of the new state of Jharkhand in 2000. Owing to the rising employment opportunities and opening of numerous regional and state level offices, banks and FMCG companies, the city witnessed a rapid influx of employment seeking migrants. As per a study done by
ASSOCHAM
The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India () is a Non-governmental organization, non-governmental trade association and advocacy group based in New Delhi, India. The organisation represents the interests of trade and commerce i ...
in late 2010, Ranchi was one of the highest employment generating Tier-III cities in India with a share of 16.8%, followed by
Mangalore
Mangalore (), officially known as Mangaluru, is a major port city of the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located between the Arabian Sea and the Western Ghats about west of Bangalore, the state capital, 20 km north of Karnataka–Ker ...
and
Mysore
Mysore (), officially Mysuru (), is a city in the southern part of the state of Karnataka, India. Mysore city is geographically located between 12° 18′ 26″ north latitude and 76° 38′ 59″ east longitude. It is located at an altitude of ...
.
Language
Hindi
Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...
is the
lingua franca
A lingua franca (; ; for plurals see ), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vehicular language, or link language, is a language systematically used to make communication possible between groups ...
in Ranchi. Nagpuri is regional language of the region.
Hindi
Hindi (Devanāgarī: or , ), or more precisely Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: ), is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in the Hindi Belt region encompassing parts of northern, central, eastern, and western India. Hindi has been de ...
Bengali
Bengali or Bengalee, or Bengalese may refer to:
*something of, from, or related to Bengal, a large region in South Asia
* Bengalis, an ethnic and linguistic group of the region
* Bengali language, the language they speak
** Bengali alphabet, the w ...
by 37,450, Kurukh by 24,762 people, Mundari by 24,858 and 16,746 people speaks Maithili.
Religion
Hinduism
Hinduism () is an Indian religion or '' dharma'', a religious and universal order or way of life by which followers abide. As a religion, it is the world's third-largest, with over 1.2–1.35 billion followers, or 15–16% of the global p ...
is the prominent religion of Ranchi followed by 64.31% of the population.
Islam
Islam (; ar, ۘالِإسلَام, , ) is an Abrahamic religions, Abrahamic Monotheism#Islam, monotheistic religion centred primarily around the Quran, a religious text considered by Muslims to be the direct word of God in Islam, God (or ...
is the second most followed religion in the city by 16.42% of the people. Minorities are
Christians
Christians () are people who follow or adhere to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. The words ''Christ'' and ''Christian'' derive from the Koine Greek title ''Christós'' (Χρι ...
8.52%,
Sikhism
Sikhism (), also known as Sikhi ( pa, ਸਿੱਖੀ ', , from pa, ਸਿੱਖ, lit=disciple', 'seeker', or 'learner, translit=Sikh, label=none),''Sikhism'' (commonly known as ''Sikhī'') originated from the word ''Sikh'', which comes fro ...
0.39%,
Jains
Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle being ...
0.22%,
Buddhists
Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and gra ...
0.06%, those that did not state a religion are 0.35%, and others are 9.72%.
Governance and politics
Civic administration
The municipal corporation covers an area of and is divided into 55 administrative wards, each represented by an elected councilor.
At the time of the creation of the state of Jharkhand in 2000, the Bihar Municipal Act, 1922 was adapted as the Jharkhand Municipal Act, 2000 to govern all ULBs in the new state. Ranchi Municipal Corporation was governed by its own municipal act, the Ranchi Municipal Corporation Act, 2001. With the enactment of the Jharkhand Municipal Act 2011, these two ceased to be in effect and the 2011 became the only governing legislature for all city governments in Jharkhand.
Under section 26 of the Jharkhand Municipal Act, 2011, the positions of mayor and deputy mayor are elected directly i.e. the position holders are voted in by the people themselves. The last municipal election was in 2018 with a voter turnout of 49.3%, up from 38% in the last election in 2013. Asha Lakra and Sanjiv Vijayawargia – both from the
Bharatiya Janta Party
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP; ; ) is a political party in India, and one of the two major Indian political parties alongside the Indian National Congress. Since 2014, it has been the ruling political party in India under Narendra Modi ...
– won the mayoral and deputy mayoral seats. The 2018 municipal election was the first time the mayoral and deputy mayoral candidates in Jharkhand could use political party symbols, while the candidates for councilor seats continued to use symbols allotted to them by the Jharkhand State Election Commission. The next municipal election will take place in 2023.
The Jharkhand Municipal Act, 2011 mandates the establishment of ward committees for each ward in the municipality. Though ward committees have been formed in Ranchi, they are not active.
Lok Sabha
The Lok Sabha, constitutionally the House of the People, is the lower house of India's bicameral Parliament, with the upper house being the Rajya Sabha. Members of the Lok Sabha are elected by an adult universal suffrage and a first-past ...
as a
Member of Parliament
A member of parliament (MP) is the representative in parliament of the people who live in their electoral district. In many countries with bicameral parliaments, this term refers only to members of the lower house since upper house members of ...
Member of Legislative Assembly
A member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) is a representative elected by the voters of a constituency to a legislative assembly. Most often, the term refers to a subnational assembly such as that of a state, province, or territory of a country. S ...
at the
Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha
The Jharkhand Vidhan Sabha or the Jharkhand Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of Jharkhand.
List of assemblies
See also
*List of Chief Ministers of Jharkhand
*List of constituencies of the Jharkhand Legislative Asse ...
Bharatiya Janata Party
The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP; ; ) is a political party in India, and one of the two major Indian political parties alongside the Indian National Congress. Since 2014, it has been the ruling political party in India under Narendra Modi ...
.
Public utilities
The various infrastructure and civic services demands of the city are met by different entities, including Ranchi Municipal Corporation, state government departments, and parastatal organisations. The Ranchi Master Plan 2037 was created by a private consultant firm under the clientship of the Ranchi Municipal Corporation, Urban Development and Housing Department, and Ranchi Regional Development Authority. Roads in Ranchi are developed and maintained by the municipal corporation,
Jharkhand Government
The Government of Jharkhand also known as the State Government of Jharkhand, or locally as State Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Jharkhand and its Districts of Jharkhand, 24 districts. It consists of an exec ...
, Ranchi Regional Development Authority, and
National Highways Authority of India
The National Highways Authority of India or NHAI (Hindi: भारतीय राष्ट्रीय राजमार्ग प्राधिकरण) is an autonomous agency of the Government of India, set up in 1995 (Act 1988) and i ...
. The Water Supply Section of the municipal corporation is responsible for issuing water connections, maintaining hand pumps in wards, collecting water usage charges and fines, whereas the state government Drinking Water Supply and Sewerage Department supplies the water. The Health Department of the corporation is responsible for the
Solid Waste Management
Waste management or waste disposal includes the processes and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its final disposal.
This includes the collection, transport, treatment and disposal of waste, together with monitorin ...
of the city. RMC operates buses in the city and has outsourced this to a private agency.
Economy
Ranchi is one of the major industrial cities of
Eastern India
East India is a region of India consisting of the Indian states of Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha
and West Bengal and also the union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The region roughly corresponds to the historical region of Magadha fr ...
and located in the region called 'Ruhr of India' ( Chota Nagpur) making it an ideal place for mineral based industries. Ranchi has presence of many well-known government and private organisations in the vicinity of city. SAIL-R&D, MECON.Ltd,
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers
Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers Ltd, abbreviated as GRSE, is one of India's leading shipyards, located in Kolkata. It builds and repairs commercial and naval vessels. GRSE also builds export ships.
Founded in 1884 as a small privately-o ...
(Marine Diesel Engine Project),
Central Coalfields
Central Coalfields Limited (CCL) is a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL), an undertaking of the Government of India. CCL was established in 1956 as National Coal Development Corporation Limited and is a Category-I Mini Ratna company sinc ...
, CMPDI.Ltd, Subarnarekha Hydel Project ( JSEB), Usha Martin.Ltd (Wire Rope Division), DVC, STPI-Ranchi, Heavy Engineering Corp., Palriwal Industries, Pensol India, Waxpol Industries, Jharkhand Mega Food Park etc. are the prominent industries here.
The Federation of Jharkhand Chamber of Commerce & Industries (FJCCI),
ASSOCHAM
The Associated Chambers of Commerce and Industry of India () is a Non-governmental organization, non-governmental trade association and advocacy group based in New Delhi, India. The organisation represents the interests of trade and commerce i ...
, MSME-DI and JIADA are major apex industrial bodies present here. JIADA consists many industrial areas in Ranchi, e.g. – Kokar, Tatisilwai,
Namkum
Namkum is a community development block (CD block) forming an administrative division in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of Ranchi district in the state of Jharkhand.
Geography
Namkum is located at 23°21'N 85°22'E.
Namkum CD block is locate ...
etc. are among them.
As per a study done by ASSOCHAM in late 2010, Ranchi was the highest employment generating Tier-III cities in India followed by Mangalore and Mysore. MECON Ltd Company has its headquarters in Ranchi at Ashok Nagar. Jharkhand Industrial Area Development Association has its office in
Namkum
Namkum is a community development block (CD block) forming an administrative division in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of Ranchi district in the state of Jharkhand.
Geography
Namkum is located at 23°21'N 85°22'E.
Namkum CD block is locate ...
.
Central Coalfields
Central Coalfields Limited (CCL) is a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL), an undertaking of the Government of India. CCL was established in 1956 as National Coal Development Corporation Limited and is a Category-I Mini Ratna company sinc ...
also has its headquarters in Ranchi.
Ranchi houses a number of companies. Along with Jamshedpur,
Dhanbad
Dhanbad is the second-most populated city in the Indian state of Jharkhand after Jamshedpur. It ranks as the 42nd largest city in India and is the 33rd largest million-plus urban agglomeration in India. Dhanbad shares its land borders with P ...
Giridih
Giridih is headquarters of the Giridih district of Jharkhand state, India. The city of Giridih is known for its industrial and health sectors, as well as its scenic beauty. Giridih houses the Giridih Coalfield which is one of the oldest coalfie ...
it is one of the industrial hubs of the city. Here are the following companies which are based in Ranchi and also headquartered in Ranchi itself:
Mecon limited
MECON Limited, formerly known as Metallurgical & Engineering Consultants (India) Limited is a central public sector undertaking. It is under the ownership of Ministry of Steel, Government of India. It began in 1959 as the Central Engineering ...
,
Central Coalfields
Central Coalfields Limited (CCL) is a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL), an undertaking of the Government of India. CCL was established in 1956 as National Coal Development Corporation Limited and is a Category-I Mini Ratna company sinc ...
,
Heavy Engineering Corporation
Heavy Engineering Corporation Limited or "HECL" is a Public Sector Undertaking ("PSU") in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. HECL was established in the year 1958 Central Mine Planning and Design Institute
The Central Mine Planning and Design Institute (acronym CMPDI) is a subsidiary of Coal India Limited which is under the ownership of Ministry of Coal of the Government of India, engaged in the field of environmental engineering and provides con ...
,
Jharkhand Rajya Gramin Bank
Jharkhand Rajya Gramin Bank (JRGB) is a Regional Rural Bank (RRB_). The bank was established on 1 April 2019 with the amalgamation of the erstwhile V''ananchal Gramin Bank'' and erstwhile J''harkhand Gramin Bank'' under the provisions of RRB A ...
and Dzinex Technology
The main and major businesses here are located in Lalpur,
Hindpiri
Ranchi (, ) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement, which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Odisha, western West Bengal and the eastern area ...
, Lower Bazaar, Upper Bazaar and
Doranda
Ranchi (, ) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement, which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Odisha, western West Bengal and the eastern area ...
Namkum
Namkum is a community development block (CD block) forming an administrative division in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of Ranchi district in the state of Jharkhand.
Geography
Namkum is located at 23°21'N 85°22'E.
Namkum CD block is locate ...
, Ranchi. It is usually an
IT Park
An industrial park (also known as industrial estate, trading estate) is an area zoned and planned for the purpose of industrial development. An industrial park can be thought of as a more "heavyweight" version of a business park or office park, ...
, which houses many IT companies. It is being planned to build more parks like this. OFFCO Park is another park which is built here. It is also a large and famous business park.
Lalpur, Doranda and Hindpiri are the business districts and financial districts in the city and the state. This place houses several shopping malls. Whole of Ranchi has several shopping malls which include:
Nucleus Mall
Nucleus ( : nuclei) is a Latin word for the seed inside a fruit. It most often refers to:
*Atomic nucleus, the very dense central region of an atom
* Cell nucleus, a central organelle of a eukaryotic cell, containing most of the cell's DNA
Nucl ...
, Mall E Decor,
JD Hi-Street Mall
JD or jd may refer to:
Arts and entertainment
* ''JD'' (film), a 2016 Bollywood film
* J.D. (''Scrubs''), nickname of Dr. John Dorian, fictional protagonist of the comedy-drama ''Scrubs''
* JD Fenix, a character from the ''Gears of War'' vid ...
,
Ranchi Central Mall
Ranchi (, ) is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand. Ranchi was the centre of the Jharkhand movement, which called for a separate state for the tribal regions of South Bihar, northern Odisha, western West Bengal and the eastern area ...
, Laxmi Tower, Mall of Ranchi, City Center (Centre) Mall, Big Mall, Spring City Mall, Arakshan Shopping Mall, Shelter Mall, Ranchi Green City, Artic Mall, City Center or City Centre, City Mall and
Galaxia Mall Galaxia may refer to:
*The superior form of Gaia (Foundation universe), a planet in Isaac Asimov's Foundation Series
* ''Galaxia'' (plant), a genus in the iris family
*"Galaxia", a 1996 trance song by Ferry Corsten
* Sailor Galaxia, an antagonist fr ...
.
There are many other upcoming shopping malls and commercial projects
File:Ranchi 9239.JPG, Lalpur -
Central business district
A central business district (CBD) is the commercial and business centre of a city. It contains commercial space and offices, and in larger cities will often be described as a financial district. Geographically, it often coincides with the "city ...
File:Ranchi hill.JPG, Central of Ranchi is the commercial, historical, cultural, financial and economic district hub of the city Ranchi
File:Hindpiri, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India - panoramio.jpg, Arjan Place at Hindpiri, Ranchi houses several companies including the
Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited
Stock Holding Corporation of India Limited (SHCIL) is an Indian custodian and depository participant, based in Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra. SHCIL was established in 1986 as a public limited company and is a subsidiary of IFCI. It is also responsi ...
and
Ricoh
is a Japanese Multinational corporation, multinational imaging and electronics company (law), company. It was founded by the now-defunct commercial division of the Riken, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (Riken) known as the ''Riken ...
,
Software Technology Parks of India
Software Technology Parks of India (STPI) is an S&T organization under Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology (MeitY) engaged in promoting IT/ ITES Industry, Innovation, R&D, Start-ups, Product/ IP creation in the field of emergin ...
at
Namkum
Namkum is a community development block (CD block) forming an administrative division in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of Ranchi district in the state of Jharkhand.
Geography
Namkum is located at 23°21'N 85°22'E.
Namkum CD block is locate ...
Central Institute of Psychiatry Ranchi
Central institute of Psychiatry Ranchi (CIP Ranchi) is an institute that is directly governed by the Government of India. It is situated in Kanke, Ranchi in Jharkhand state of India.
History
The institute dates back to the days of the British ...
*
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Ranchi
Indian Institute of Information Technology, Ranchi (IIIT Ranchi or IIITR), is one of the Indian Institutes of Information Technology, a group of 25 Interdisciplinary Technical Universities of higher education started by Government of India, foc ...
*
Indian Institute of Management Ranchi
The Indian Institute of Management Ranchi (IIM Ranchi, IIM-R) is a public business school located in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. IIM Ranchi was established in Ranchi on 15 December 2009 and began classes on 6 July 2010, under the 11th Five Year ...
*
National Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology
National Institute of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (NIAMT) formerly known as the National Institute of Foundry and Forge Technology (NIFFT) is a premier public engineering and research institution in Ranchi.
It was established in 1966 by ...
*
Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences
The Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), established on 15 August 2002 by upgrading the then Rajendra Medical College and Hospital (RMCH) originally setup in 1960, is a medical institute of in Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand, India
...
*
Ranchi University
Ranchi University is a public state university in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. It was established in 1960 by an Act of the Bihar legislature. Ranchi University offers degrees in undergraduate, post-graduate, M.Phil. and doctorate programs.
History ...
*
Sarala Birla University
Sarala Birla University (SBU) is a Private university (India), private university located in the Birla Knowledge City in the Ara, about from Ranchi on the Ranchi-Purulia highway, in the Namkum block of Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. The university wa ...
Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences
The Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), established on 15 August 2002 by upgrading the then Rajendra Medical College and Hospital (RMCH) originally setup in 1960, is a medical institute of in Ranchi, the capital of Jharkhand, India
...
Kanke
Kanke is a census town in the Kanke CD block in the Ranchi Sadar subdivision of Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Kanke has a large water reservoir called Kanke Dam, which is used to supply water to Ranchi city.
Geography
...
Ranchi is a center for numerous sports activities, including cricket, hockey, football, and many others. The 34th National Games were successfully held in Ranchi in February 2011. An International Cricket stadium with an indoor stadium and a practice ground has been constructed. So far, this stadium has hosted three One day International matches and one T20 International match. Apart from that, this stadium has hosted two
IPL 6
The 2013 season of the Indian Premier League, abbreviated as IPL 6 or Pepsi IPL 2013, was the sixth season of the IPL, established by the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) in 2007. The tournament featured nine teams and was held fro ...
matches for
Kolkata Knight Riders
Kolkata Knight Riders (KKR) are a franchise cricket team representing the city of Kolkata in the Indian Premier League. The franchise is owned by Bollywood actor Shah Rukh Khan, actress Juhi Chawla and her spouse Jay Mehta. The Knight Riders ...
, three champions league 2013 matches and Celebrity Cricket League matches for Bhojpuri Dabanggs. A tennis academy, which was inaugurated by
Sania Mirza
Sania Mirza (; born 15 November 1986) is an Indian professional tennis player. A former doubles world No. 1, she has won six major titles – three in women's doubles and three in mixed doubles. From 2003 until her retirement from singles in ...
and Shoaib Malik, also runs beside the cricket stadium. Former Indian Cricket Team Captain
M.S. Dhoni
Mahendra Singh Dhoni (; born 7 July 1981) is an Indian former international cricketer who was captain of the Indian national cricket team in limited-overs formats from 2007 to 2017 and in Test cricket from 2008 to 2014. He is also the curren ...
lives in Ranchi. The Ranchi franchise for Hockey India League was bought by Patel-Uniexcel Group and the team named the
Ranchi Rhinos
Ranchi Rhinos (abbreviated as RR) was a field hockey team based in Ranchi, Jharkhand that played in the Hockey India League. The team won the inaugural season of Hockey India League defeating Delhi Waveriders by 2-1. It is owned by Patel-Uniexc ...
.
Sports teams
*
Ranchi Rays
Ranchi Rays (RCR) is an Indian field hockey team based in Ranchi, Jharkhand that competes in the Hockey India League (HIL). It was announced as the newest team to replace the defunct Ranchi Rhinos on 25 October 2014. It is owned by Indian cric ...
(earlier
Ranchi Rhinos
Ranchi Rhinos (abbreviated as RR) was a field hockey team based in Ranchi, Jharkhand that played in the Hockey India League. The team won the inaugural season of Hockey India League defeating Delhi Waveriders by 2-1. It is owned by Patel-Uniexc ...
)
Stadiums in Ranchi
*
Jaipal Singh Stadium
Jaipal Singh Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located in the city of Ranchi in Jharkhand, India. It was built in 1978 and was named after the famous hockey player and captain Jaipal Singh Munda after a request was made by Birsa Seva Dal.
A ...
*
JSCA International Cricket Stadium
JSCA International Stadium Complex formally known as (Jharkhand State Cricket Association International Cricket Stadium), and also known as Jharkhand State Cricket Association Stadium, is an international cricket stadium in Ranchi, Jharkhand. ...
*
Birsa Munda Hockey Stadium
Birsa Munda Hockey Stadium or Ranchi Hockey Stadium is a field hockey stadium in Ranchi, Jharkhand. It serves as the home ground for Hockey India League franchise Ranchi Rays.
It is located in Morabadi near Ranchi and has a capacity of app ...
*
Birsa Munda Athletics Stadium
Birsa Munda Athletics Stadium is a stadium in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. It is used mostly for association football matches and for athletics. The stadium has hosted the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2011 National Games of India. It has ...
*
Birsa Munda Football Stadium
The Birsa Munda Football Stadium is a stadium in Ranchi, India. Opened in 2009, it is the second stadium used by Ranchi Football clubs after the Birsa Munda athletics Stadium (not to be confused with).
References
{{Reflist
Football venues ...
Points of Interest
*
Bhagwan Birsa Biological Park
Bhagwan Birsa Biological Park (also known as Ranchi Zoo) is located off hakla village rmanjhi in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
Ranchi Zoo was established in 1994 at the bank of Getalsud Dam and on the main Patna-Ranchi highway. The park has two di ...
*
Dassam Falls
The Dassam Falls (also known as Dassam Ghagh) is a waterfall located near Taimara village in Bundu police station of Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.
Etymology
Dassam is a changed form of word Da:song which means in mundari la ...
*
Getalsud Dam
Getalsud Dam is an artificial reservoir situated in Ormanjhi, Ranchi, Jharkhand. It was constructed across the Subarnarekha River and was opened in 1971. It is a popular picnic spot for the residents of Ranchi and Ramgarh District
Ramgarh ...
Hundru Falls
The Hundru Falls is a waterfall located in Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is the 34th highest waterfall in India. It is one of the most famous tourist places in the region.
Geography
Location
Hundru Falls is located at ...
*
Jagannath Temple
The Jagannath Temple is an important Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath, a form of Vishnu - one of the trinity of supreme divinity in Hinduism. Puri is in the state of Odisha, on the eastern coast of India. The present temple was rebuilt f ...
, built by Thakur Ani Nath Shahdeo, Raja of Barkagarh Jagannathpur in 1691.
*
Jonha Falls
The Jonha Falls (also called Gautamdhara Falls) is a waterfall located in Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand.
Geography
Location
Jonha Falls is located at
Note: The map alongside presents some of the notable locations in the d ...
, also known as Gautamdhara (the place dedicated to
Gautam Buddha Gautama, Gautam or Gotama may refer to:
Ancient sages and philosophers
* Akṣapāda Gautama, a Hindu sage and founder of the Nyaya school of Hindu philosophy: see Nyāya Sūtras
* Indrabhuti Gautama, chief disciple of Mahavira
* Gautama Buddha, t ...
Pahari Mandir
Pahari Mandir is a temple located in hilltop in Ranchi the capital of Jharkhand. The temple is dedicated to Shiva. This temple is located at 2140 feet above sea level and 350 feet above the ground. To reach the temple one has to climb 468 step ...
Ranchi Science Centre
Ranchi Science Centre is the first science centre in the state of Jharkhand in India, under Jharkhand Council on Science & Technology (JCST) of Department of Science & Technology, Government of Jharkhand (GOJ). The centre comprises two storied bu ...
Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur
The Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur (also known as the Khokhra chieftaincy), was an ancient Indian dynasty which ruled the parts of Chota Nagpur plateau region (modern-day Jharkhand) during much of ancient, medieval and modern period. Phani Mukut Rai ...
church
Church may refer to:
Religion
* Church (building), a building for Christian religious activities
* Church (congregation), a local congregation of a Christian denomination
* Church service, a formalized period of Christian communal worship
* C ...
Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore (; bn, রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর; 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941) was a Bengali polymath who worked as a poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter. He resh ...
)
Notable people
* Rajesh Chauhan, former Indian cricketer, born in Ranchi
*
Deeba
Deeba ( ur, ), is a Pakistani film actress. She was one of the leading film actresses during the 1960s and 1970s, well known for her romantic and tragic roles in Urdu and Punjabi films. She has received a Nigar Award and Pride of Performance. ...
Rajesh Jais
Rajesh Jais (born 6 September 1969) is an Indian film actor, known for first daily soap of india '' Shanti'' (1994), ''Sonu Ke Titu Ki Sweety'' (2018), ''Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi'' (2008), ''Rocket Singh'' (2009), '' Airlift'' (2016) and ''Raazi'' ...
Anjana Om Kashyap
Anjana Om Kashyap is an Indian news anchor working with Hindi news channel Aaj Tak as a Senior Executive Editor. Kashyap started her journalistic career by joining the public broadcaster Doordarshan before moving to Zee News. She then went to ...
news presenter
A news presenter – also known as a newsreader, newscaster (short for "news broadcaster"), anchorman or anchorwoman, news anchor or simply an anchor – is a person who presents news during a news program on TV, radio or the Internet. ...
*
Neelu Kohli
Neelu Kohli (also Nilu Kohli ) is an Indian film and television actress. She has done many roles in many Indian television series, like Sangam, Mere Angne Mein, Maddam Sir and Choti Sarrdaarni. She is also worked in Hindi films such as Hous ...
, actress
*
Deepika Kumari
Deepika Kumari (born 13 June 1994) is an Indian professional archer. Currently ranked the World No. 2, she competes in the event of archery. She won a gold medal in the 2010 Commonwealth games in the women's individual recurve event. She also w ...
Supriya Kumari
Supriya Kumari is an Indian actress. She is known for her role in Indian television series Bairi Piya, Looteri Dulhan, Anudamini and Sanskaar - Dharohar Apnon Ki. She also acted in Hindi film Ekkees Toppon Ki Salaami.
Early life
She was born i ...
, actress
*
Peter Mansfield
Sir Peter Mansfield (9 October 1933 – 8 February 2017) was an English physicist who was awarded the 2003 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, shared with Paul Lauterbur, for discoveries concerning Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Mansfi ...
, British journalist and historian, was born in Ranchi
*
Pat Reid
Patrick Robert Reid, (13 November 1910 – 22 May 1990) was a British Army officer and author of history. As a British prisoner of war during the Second World War, he was held captive at Colditz Castle when it was designated Oflag IV-C. Reid wa ...
MBE Mbe may refer to:
* Mbé, a town in the Republic of the Congo
* Mbe Mountains Community Forest, in Nigeria
* Mbe language, a language of Nigeria
* Mbe' language, language of Cameroon
* ''mbe'', ISO 639 code for the extinct Molala language
Molal ...
Colditz Castle
Castle Colditz (or ''Schloss Colditz'' in German) is a Renaissance castle in the town of Colditz near Leipzig, Dresden and Chemnitz in the state of Saxony in Germany. The castle is between the towns of Hartha and Grimma on a hill spur over the r ...
, born in Ranchi
*
Anushka Sen
Anushka Sen (born 4 August 2002) is an Indian television actress and model known for portraying the role of Meher in the children fantasy show, '' Baal Veer''. She has also played Manikarnika Rao/Rani Lakshmi Bai in the Indian historical drama t ...
Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo
Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo (14 December 1931 – 10 July 2014), was the last ruling Nagvanshi Maharaja of Chotanagpur Zamindari estate and a politician.
Early life
Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo was born in the royal family of Nag ...
Alisha Singh
Alisha Singh is an Indian television actress, dancer and choreographer. She was the winner of the reality show ''Boogie Woogie'' four times and a runner up in ''Dance India Dance''. She is also known for television shows '' Dil Dosti Dance'' and ...
List of cities in Jharkhand
This is a list of urban agglomerations and cities (those not included in the Urban Agglomerations), with a population above 100,000 as per 2011 census in the Indian state of Jharkhand:
Urban agglomeration
In the census of India 2011, an urban ag ...