Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China ( abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and special administrative region of China on the eastern Pearl River Delt ...

had a

multi-party In political science, a multi-party system is a political system in which multiple political parties across the political spectrum run for national elections, and all have the capacity to gain control of government offices, separately or in c ...

system, with numerous parties in which no one party was allowed to gain power by controlling the Legislative Council. The

Chief Executive A chief executive officer (CEO), also known as a central executive officer (CEO), chief administrator officer (CAO) or just chief executive (CE), is one of a number of corporate executives charged with the management of an organization especially ...

is selected by the

Politburo A politburo () or political bureau is the executive committee for communist parties. It is present in most former and existing communist states. Names The term "politburo" in English comes from the Russian ''Politbyuro'' (), itself a contraction ...

based on an indirectly elected

Election Committee The Election Committee is a Hong Kong electoral college, the function of which is to select the Chief Executive (CE) and, since 2021, to elect 40 of the 90 members of the Legislative Council. Established by Annex I of the Basic Law of Hong ...

and is ''

de facto ''De facto'' ( ; , "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, whether or not they are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms. It is commonly used to refer to what happens in practice, in contrast with ''de jure'' ("by la ...

pro-Beijing The pro-Beijing camp, pro-establishment camp, pro-government camp or pro-China camp refers to a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing central government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) t ...

but ''

de jure In law and government, ''de jure'' ( ; , "by law") describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. In contrast, ("in fact") describes situations that exist in reality, even if not legally ...

'' is said to be

nonpartisan Nonpartisanism is a lack of affiliation with, and a lack of bias towards, a political party. While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of ''partisan'' includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers sp ...

as specified in the Chief Executive Election Ordinance. Once selected, the

forms an unelected

government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a ...

which superficially has to rely on

political parties A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific ideological or pol ...

in the

legislature A legislature is an assembly with the authority to make law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its p ...

for support, but the

has been deliberately designed and redesigned to be a

rubber stamp A rubber stamp is an image or pattern that has been carved, molded, laser engraved or vulcanized onto a sheet of rubber. Rubber stamping, also called stamping, is a craft in which some type of ink made of dye or pigment is applied to rubber ...

body. Hong Kong has no legislation for political parties, and thus has no legal definition for what a political party is. Most political parties and political groups registered either as limited companies or societies. In Hong Kong there were two main political ideological blocs, which presents to

pro-democracy camp The pro-democracy camp, also known as the pan-democracy camp, is a political alignment in Hong Kong that supports increased democracy, namely the universal suffrage of the Chief Executive and the Legislative Council as given by the Basic L ...

(include localists) and

pro-Beijing camp The pro-Beijing camp, pro-establishment camp, pro-government camp or pro-China camp refers to a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing central government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) t ...

. Under the newly introduced electoral system, only government-approved candidates may run, effectively disqualifying any candidates who are not from the

or approved by Beijing. Most of the

Legislative Councillors from the previous LegCo have been jailed by the Hong Kong government and are therefore disqualified from participating in elections without the need for government vetting.

Present parties

The list includes also

political groups A political group is a group consisting of political parties or legislators of aligned ideologies. A technical group is similar to a political group, but with members of differing ideologies. International terms Equivalent terms are used differ ...

trade unions A trade union (labor union in American English), often simply referred to as a union, is an organization of workers intent on "maintaining or improving the conditions of their employment", ch. I such as attaining better wages and Employee ben ...

professional associations A professional association (also called a professional body, professional organization, or professional society) usually seeks to further a particular profession, the interests of individuals and organisations engaged in that profession, and the ...

and

pressure groups Advocacy groups, also known as interest groups, special interest groups, lobbying groups or pressure groups use various forms of advocacy in order to influence public opinion and ultimately policy. They play an important role in the developm ...

that have been active in elections but are not considered parties.

Parties and groups in the Legislative and District Councils

As of 19 June 2017, there were a total number of 16 political groupings represented in the Legislative and District Councils: There are currently (As of August 2021) 8 political groups are still officially represented, and 4 further political groups represented by members of the first 8 groups (New Territories Association of Societies, New Territories Heung Yee Kuk, Kowloon West New Dynamic, Civil Force), all 12 are pro-Beijing parties.

Other parties and groups

Other parties and groups without any representation that have participated in the elections include:

Pro-democracy camp

* 2047 Hong Kong Monitor () * 7.1 People Pile () *

April Fifth Action April Fifth Action () is a Hong Kong left-wing group named after the first Tiananmen incident of 5 April 1976. While the organization's Chinese name translates as "April Fifth Action", English-language media in Hong Kong usually refer to it as th ...

() *

Chinese Labour Party Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of ...

() *

Chinese Liberal Democratic Party Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of ...

() * China Youth Service & Recreation Centre () *

Citizens' Radio Citizens' Radio is a radio station in Hong Kong established by pro-democracy camp figure Tsang Kin Shing (). The station is run as a non-profit organization. It started trial broadcasting on 3 October 2005 on 102.8 MHz FM. The regular br ...

() *

Civic Act-Up Civic Act-up () is a small pro-democracy political group in Hong Kong. It was founded on 24 September 2003 by a group of relatively young activists with the encouragement of Legislative Councillor Cyd Ho, to challenge the existing pro-government ...

() (part of Labour Party) *

Civic Party The Civic Party (CP) is a pro-democracy liberal political party in Hong Kong. It is currently chaired by barrister Alan Leong. The party was formed in 2006 on the basis of the Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group, which was derived from the B ...

() *

Democratic Party Democratic Party most often refers to: *Democratic Party (United States) Democratic Party and similar terms may also refer to: Active parties Africa *Botswana Democratic Party *Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea *Gabonese Democratic Party *Demo ...

() * The Frontier () *

Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood The Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL) is a Hong Kong pro-democracy social-liberal political party catering to grassroots interest with a strong basis in Sham Shui Po. Established on 26 October 1986, it was one ...

HK First HK First is a localist political party in Hong Kong. It had one representative in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong, Claudia Mo, a former pan-democratic Civic Party member. It was founded in 2013 by two pro-democracy legislators, Claudia M ...

() *

Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council The Hong Kong and Kowloon Trades Union Council is the third largest trade union federation in Hong Kong, after the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions, Federation of Trade Unions (FTU) and pro-Beijing Federation of Hong Kong and Kowloon Labou ...

() * Hong Kong Awakening Association () * Hong Kong Caritas Employees Union () * Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Practitioners' Rights General Union () *

Hong Kong Democratic Development Network Hong may refer to: Places *Høng, a town in Denmark *Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China *Hong, Nigeria *Hong River in China and Vietnam *Lake Hong in China Surnames *Hong (Chinese name) *Hong (Korean name) Organiz ...

() *

Hong Kong Democratic Foundation The Hong Kong Democratic Foundation (; HKDF) is a Hong Kong public policy think tank established initially as a political party on 27 October 1989. The Foundation was founded in the run up to the first Legislative Council direct elections of 19 ...

() *

Hong Kong Independence Party The Hong Kong Independence Party (HKIP) is a non-profit organisation which advocates Hong Kong independence or the return of Hong Kong's sovereignty to the United Kingdom. It was registered in the United Kingdom as a political party from 27 ...

() *

Hong Kong Social Workers' General Union Hong Kong Social Workers' General Union (HKSWGU) is a trade union for the social workers in Hong Kong. It was established in 1980. The current president, Cheung Kwok-che is the member in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong. It is one of the trade ...

() * Labour Party () *

Land Justice League The Land Justice League is a Hong Kong activist group that co-opts other social groups who are interested in a common cause known as “land justice”. The membership is roughly divided into two groups—one rooted in activist movements dati ...

() *

League of Social Democrats The League of Social Democrats (LSD) is a social democratic party in Hong Kong. Chaired by Chan Po-ying, wife of Leung Kwok-hung, it positions itself as the radical wing of the pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong), pro-democracy camp and stresses on ...

() *

Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre The Neighbourhood and Worker's Service Centre (NWSC) is a pro-democracy political group in Hong Kong, holding one seat in the Legislative Council from 1995 to 1997, and since 1998. It was founded in 1985, with its roots in the New Youth Study S ...

() *

People Power "People Power" is a political term denoting the populist driving force of any social movement which invokes the authority of grassroots opinion and willpower, usually in opposition to that of conventionally organised corporate or political for ...

() * Pioneer of Victoria Park () *

Power Voters The Power Voters was a pro-democratic political group in Hong Kong. The core members formed the radical party People Power in early 2011 and became one of its branches. Its major aims were to punish the largest pro-democratic party Democratic P ...

() (part of People Power) *

Professional Commons The Professional Commons is an independent, membership-based, non-profit organisation and public policy think tank established in Hong Kong on 25 March 2007. It is open to all professionals who share the same values. Mission The Professional ...

() * Revolutionary Communist Party of China (, October Review) * Socialist Action () *

Southern Democratic Alliance The Southern Democratic Alliance () is a pro-democracy political organization in Hong Kong. The Alliance was founded on February 1, 2004.

() * Synergy Kowloon ()

Pro-Beijing camp

Bauhinia Party The Bauhinia Party is a pro-Beijing conservative political party in Hong Kong. It was founded in 2020 by a cohort of mainland Chinese executives employed in the financial institutions of Hong Kong. The party has been seen as oriented towards the " ...

() *

Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong The Business and Professionals Federation of Hong Kong (, abbreviated 工商專聯; BPF) is a non-partisan think tank in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. Mission The mission BPF is: * to help enhan ...

() *

Civil Force Civil Force () is a district-based pro-Beijing political party in Hong Kong. Since 2014, the Civil Force has entered an alliance with the New People's Party of Regina Ip. Headed by chairman Pun Kwok-shan, it had its stronghold in the Sha Tin and ...

() *

Economic Synergy Economic Synergy (also known as 3L) is a political party in Hong Kong, composed of three members of the Legislative Council, Andrew Leung, Jeffrey Lam and Lau Wong-fat. History Formerly members of the Liberal Party, Jeffrey Lam, Andrew Leung a ...

() (part of Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong) * Education Convergence () * Government Disciplined Services General Union () *

Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers Hong Kong Federation of Education Workers (HKFEW) is a pro-Beijing teachers union in Hong Kong. Established in 1975, it is currently the largest teachers union in Hong Kong, after the disbandment of the Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union ...

() *

Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association The Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association () is a pro-Beijing political organisation established in 1949 in Hong Kong. It was one of the three pillars of the pro-Communist leftist camp throughout most of the time in Hong Kong under colonial ru ...

() * Hong Kong Civic Association () *

Hong Kong Medical Association The Hong Kong Medical Association (HKMA; ), formerly called the Hong Kong Chinese Medical Association, is a medical association based in Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of t ...

() *

Hong Kong Public Doctors' Association Hong may refer to: Places *Høng, a town in Denmark *Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China *Hong, Nigeria *Hong River in China and Vietnam *Lake Hong in China Surnames *Hong (Chinese name) *Hong (Korean name) Organiz ...

() *

Hong Kong Women Teachers' Organization Hong may refer to: Places *Høng, a town in Denmark *Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China *Hong, Nigeria *Hong River in China and Vietnam *Lake Hong in China Surnames *Hong (Chinese name) *Hong (Korean name) Organiz ...

() * Justice Alliance () * New Youth Forum () * HK Round Table On People’s Livelihood () * Politihk Social Strategic () *

Professional Forum Professional Forum (), formerly known as the Breakfast Group () and The Alliance (), was a loose political group of the independent politicians in the Legislative Council in Hong Kong. In October 2012, the group formed the Business and Professiona ...

() (part of Business and Professionals Alliance for Hong Kong) * Third Force () * Voice of Loving Hong Kong () *

Path of Democracy Path of Democracy ( zh, t=民主思路) is a political group and think tank established in 2015 in Hong Kong. It is led by former Civic Party legislator Ronny Tong, who joined the Executive Council on 1 July 2017. Although officially unaligned ...

() *

Third Side Third Side is a Liberalism, liberal List of political parties in Hong Kong, political party in Hong Kong which claims to offer a "third road" to democracy, positioned between the Pro-democracy camp in Hong Kong, pro-democracy camp and the pro-B ...

()

Localist groups

* Christians to the World () *

Conservative Party The Conservative Party is a name used by many political parties around the world. These political parties are generally right-wing though their exact ideologies can range from center-right to far-right. Political parties called The Conservative P ...

() * Empowering Hong Kong () *

Hong Kong Indigenous Hong Kong Indigenous is a localist political group established in 2015. It is known for its hardline localist stances and militant methods of protesting. It has been actively involved in protests and engaged into violent clashes with police, ...

() *

Hong Kong Localism Power Hong Kong Localism Power () is a pro-Beijing conservative political organisation founded in 2015. It is currently headed by Jonathan Ho Chi-kwong. In the 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election, Ho formed a joint ticket with Democratic P ...

() *

Hong Kong Resurgence Order Hong Kong Resurgence Order () is a localist political organisation in Hong Kong. It was founded by Chin Wan, the "mentor" of localism in Hong Kong and the founder of the city-state theory, in 2014 with a manifesto aiming to "restore the ancient ...

() *

Kowloon East Community Kowloon East Community is a localist political group formed in late 2014 in Hong Kong by a group of netizens on the online forum Hong Kong Golden Forum who were inspired by 2014 Occupy protests. It focuses on livelihood issues in Kwun Tong Di ...

() * Nationalist Hong Kong () * Proletariat Political Institute () * Tai Po Sunwalker () *

Tin Shui Wai New Force Tin Shui Wai New Force () is a localist political group in Hong Kong established in late 2014 by a group of young people who had participated in the Umbrella Revolution. It claims to cater to the livelihood issues in Tin Shui Wai district. In th ...

() * Tsuen Wan Community Network () * Tuen Mun Community () * Tuen Mun Community Network () *

Youngspiration Youngspiration is a localist political party in Hong Kong founded in 2015. It emerged after the 2014 Hong Kong protests (often dubbed as the "Umbrella Revolution") with an agenda of protection of Hong Kong people's interests and culture against ...

()

Umbrella organisations

* Ching Fat Living Concern Group () * North of the Rings () * Tsuen Wan Dynamic for the People ()

Others

* Alliance for Social and Economic Advancement () * Green Party of Hong Kong () *

Hong Kong People's Livelihood Party Hong may refer to: Places * Høng, a town in Denmark *Hong Kong Hong Kong ( (US) or (UK); , ), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (abbr. Hong Kong SAR or HKSAR), is a city and specia ...

() *

New Prospect for Hong Kong New Prospect for Hong Kong () is a political group established in October 2019 consisting mainly of mainland Chinese living in Hong Kong, dubbed "gang piao" in Mandarin. Background The party was initially formed in October 2019 during the 2019-2 ...

() *

MESSAGE A message is a discrete unit of communication intended by the source for consumption by some recipient or group of recipients. A message may be delivered by various means, including courier, telegraphy, carrier pigeon and electronic bus. A ...

()

Regional organisations, communal pressure groups and Kaifong associations

Action 18 Action 18 () is a Pro-democracy camp (Hong Kong), pro-democracy regional group operating in Yuen Long District, Hong Kong. The party fielded three candidates in the 2019 Hong Kong local elections, 2019 District Council election and won two seats i ...

() * Ap Lei Chau Community Trade Union () * Cheung Sha Wan West Front () *

Choi Hung Estate Social Service Association Choi may refer to: * Choi (Korean surname), a Korean surname * Choi, Macau Cantonese transliteration of the Chinese surname Cui (崔) and Xu (徐) * Choi, Cantonese romanisation of Cai (surname) (蔡), a Chinese surname * CHOI-FM, a radio station ...

() *

Concern Group for Tseung Kwan O People's Livelihood Concern Group for Tseung Kwan O People's Livelihood (; CGPLTKO) is a district-based pro-democracy camp, pro-democracy political group centred in Tseung Kwan O by Sai Kung District Councillors in 2000. History It was formed in 2000 by four pro-d ...

() *

Community Alliance Community Alliance () is a political alliance set up by a group of pro-democratic grassroots activists and community workers, many of whom are the former members of the Democratic Party. Mainly based in New Territories East, the group consists o ...

() *

Deliberation Tsuen Wan Deliberation Tsuen Wan ( zh, t=荃民議政) is a localist political group based in Tsuen Wan founded on 6 July 2019. In a historic pro-democracy landslide in 2019 District Council election, the group won two seats in the Tsuen Wan District Coun ...

() * Fu Sun Generation () *

Heung Yee Kuk The Heung Yee Kuk, officially the Heung Yee Kuk N.T., is a statutory advisory body representing establishment interests in the New Territories, Hong Kong. The council is a powerful organisation comprising heads of rural committees which repres ...

() * Hong Kong Island Federation () * HTTH Environmental Concern Group () *

() *

Kowloon Federation of Associations Kowloon () is an urban area in Hong Kong comprising the Kowloon Peninsula and New Kowloon. With a population of 2,019,533 and a population density of in 2006, it is the most populous area in Hong Kong, compared with Hong Kong Island and t ...

() **

Fu Cheong Hung Estate Residents' Association Fu or FU may refer to: In arts and entertainment * Fool Us, Penn & Teller's magic-competition television show *Fǔ, a type of ancient Chinese vessel *Fu (poetry) (赋), a Chinese genre of rhymed prose *'' FU: Friendship Unlimited'', a 2017 Marat ...

() ** Kwun Tong Residents Association () *

Hong Kong People's Council on Housing Policy The Hong Kong People's Council on Public Housing Policy (; HKPCHP), formerly called the Hong Kong People's Council on Public Housing Policy (), was a Hong Kong pressure group established in 1978 and was prominent in the 1970s and 80s. It was set ...

() * Kowloon West New Dynamic () *

New Territories Association of Societies The New Territories Association of Societies (, NTAS) is a pro-Beijing umbrella political group which consists of hundreds of the New Territories community organisations. The founding president of the Association was Lee Lin-sang, who served a ...

() **

New Territories West Residents Association New is an adjective referring to something recently made, discovered, or created. New or NEW may refer to: Music * New, singer of K-pop group The Boyz Albums and EPs * ''New'' (album), by Paul McCartney, 2013 * ''New'' (EP), by Regurgitator, ...

() **

Hong Kong Tin Shui Wai Women Association Hong may refer to: Places *Høng, a town in Denmark *Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China *Hong, Nigeria *Hong River in China and Vietnam *Lake Hong in China Surnames *Hong (Chinese name) *Hong (Korean name) Organiz ...

() * Luen Wo United () * Lung Mun Concern Group () * North District Blueprint () * North of the Rings () *

Sai Kung Commons Sai Kung Commons () is a local political group based in Sai Kung founded in 2016. In a historic pro-democracy landslide in 2019 District Council election, the group won three seats in the Sai Kung District Council. History Sai Kung Commons was f ...

() *

Sha Tin Community Network The Shatin Community Network ( zh, t=沙田社區網絡) is a localist political group in Hong Kong. It was formed by a group of Sha Tin residents and former member of the Chinese University of Hong Kong Local Society was inspired by 2014 Occ ...

() * Sha Tin Community Vision () * Shau Kei Wan East Future () * Tai Po Democratic Alliance () *

Tai Po Network of Democracy and Livelihood Tai or TAI may refer to: Arts and entertainment *Tai (comics) a fictional Marvel Comics supervillain *Tai Fraiser, a fictional character in the 1995 film ''Clueless'' * Tai Kamiya, a fictional character in ''Digimon'' Businesses and organisation ...

() * Tin Shui Wai Connection () *

Tin Shui Wai Livelihood Progression Union Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from la, stannum) and atomic number 50. Tin is a silvery-coloured metal. Tin is soft enough to be cut with little force and a bar of tin can be bent by hand with little effort. When bent, ...

() * Tseung Kwan O Pioneers () *

Tseung Kwan O Shining Tseung Kwan O Shining () is a local political group based in Sai Kung Town, Sai Kung and Tseung Kwan O founded in 2019. In a historic pro-democracy landslide in 2019 Hong Kong local elections, 2019 District Council election, the group won two seat ...

() *

Tsing Yi Concern Group Tsing Yi Concern Group (; TYCG) is a pressure group formed in 1983 by a group of social workers to promote grassroots participation in local affairs in Tsing Yi. It opposed the Mobil Oil depot storing inflammable petroleum products and liquefied pe ...

() *

Tsing Yi People Tsing may refer to: *Jing (disambiguation) *Jin (disambiguation) *Qing (disambiguation) *Qin (disambiguation) *Ching (disambiguation) *Chin (disambiguation) The chin is the lowermost part of the human face. * Double chin, an extra layer of fat t ...

() * Tsuen Wan Dynamic for the People () * Unity of San Hui ()

Electoral coalitions

7.1 United Front 7.1 surround sound is the common name for an eight-channel surround audio system commonly used in home theatre configurations. It adds two additional speakers to the more conventional six-channel ( 5.1) audio configuration. As with 5.1 surround so ...

() *

A16 Alliance A16, A 16, A.16 or A-16 may refer to: * A16 road, in several countries * ATC code A16, ''Other alimentary tract and metabolism products'', a subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System * British NVC community A16 (Callitr ...

() * ABC.P.A *

Academics In Support of Democracy An academy ( Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary or tertiary higher learning (and generally also research or honorary membership). The name traces back to Plato's school of philosophy ...

() * Action 9 () *

Alliance of Housing Department Staff Unions An alliance is a relationship among people, groups, or states that have joined together for mutual benefit or to achieve some common purpose, whether or not explicit agreement has been worked out among them. Members of an alliance are called ...

() * ALLinHK *

Central and Western Democratic Power Central and Western Democratic Power is a local political group in the Central and Western district of Hong Kong. It was convened by Kam Nai Wai, a member of Democratic Party and Central and Western District Councillor, and is mainly composed of ...

() *

Civic Passion–Proletariat Political Institute–Hong Kong Resurgence Order A localist political alliance was formed by 3 Hong Kong organisations – Civic Passion, Proletariat Political Institute and Hong Kong Resurgence Order – to field candidates to contest the 2016 legislative election. Without an offici ...

() *

Coalition of Hong Kong Newspaper and Magazine Merchant A coalition is a group formed when two or more people or groups temporarily work together to achieve a common goal. The term is most frequently used to denote a formation of power in political or economical spaces. Formation According to ''A Gui ...

() * Democrat Professionals Hong Kong () * Democratic Accountants () *

Democratic Coalition for DC Election The Democratic Coalition for DC Election (, formerly ) is an electoral co-ordination mechanism run by pro-democratic parties to avoid clashes between allies in the District Council elections. History It was first created for the 2007 Distri ...

() * Demo-Social 12/ Demo-Social 60/ Demo-Social Front () * Doctors for Democracy () * Engineers for Universal Suffrage () * Gov.ALPS () *

Health Professionals for Democracy 30 Health, according to the World Health Organization, is "a state of complete physical, Mental health, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity".World Health Organization. (2006)''Constitution of the World H ...

() * Hearts of Accountants () * ICT Energy () * IT Voice/ IT Voice 2012/ IT Vision *

O Superpower O, or o, is the fifteenth letter and the fourth vowel letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''o'' (pronounced ), plu ...

() *

People Power–League of Social Democrats The People Power (Hong Kong), People Power–League of Social Democrats, are two political radicalism, radical Pro-democracy camp in Hong Kong, democratic parties that set up an electoral alliance for the 2016 Hong Kong legislative election, 201 ...

() * Progressive Social Work () * Students United 2017 () *

Tertiary 2012 Tertiary 2012 is a student group formed in 2010 for the 2010 Hong Kong by-election, so called the "Five District Referendum". History In January 2010, five Legislative Council members from the Civic Party and resigned to trigger a territory-wide ...

() * Together for Social Welfare () *

User Voice Ancient Egyptian roles * User (ancient Egyptian official), an ancient Egyptian nomarch (governor) of the Eighth Dynasty * Useramen, an ancient Egyptian vizier also called "User" Other uses * User (computing), a person (or software) using an ...

() * V18 Accountants () *

Vox Pop ( )Vox Populi
. Oxford Diction ...

Welfare Empower Hong Kong Welfare, or commonly social welfare, is a type of government support intended to ensure that members of a society can meet Basic needs, basic human needs such as food and shelter. Social security may either be synonymous with welfare, or refe ...

() *

Win Win Hong Kong Accountants Win or WIN may refer to: * A victory Arts and entertainment Film * '' Win!'', a 2016 American film Literature * ''Win'' (Coben novel), a 2121 novel by Harlan Coben * WIN (pacifist magazine), published by the War Resisters League * WIN (wres ...

() * Y5 Give Me Five () * Your Vote Counts ()

Defunct

Pro-democracy camp

123 Democratic Alliance 123 Democratic Alliance ( Chinese: 一二三民主聯盟) was a pro-Kuomintang political party in Hong Kong. Established in 1994 by a group of pro-Taiwan, pro-democracy and pro-business politicians, it aims at striving for the unification of ...

() *

Alliance for Universal Suffrage The Alliance for Universal Suffrage was a coalition formed by 11 pro-democracy parties and groups in Hong Kong. The Convenor of the Alliance was Fung Wai-wah. It provided a single point of contact to interface with the governments of Hong ...

() * Association for Democracy and Justice () *

Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group Basic Law Article 45 Concern Group is a pro-democracy political group in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China (HKSAR) . It was established on 14 November 2003 by legal practitioners and academics. It had ...

() * Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power () * Citizens Party () *

Civic Passion Civic Passion was a radical, populist, localist, and nativist political party in Hong Kong. Founded by Wong Yeung-tat as an activist group in 2012, it held strong localist views and opposed the involvement of the Chinese government in the ...

() *

Co-operative Resources Centre The Co-operative Resources Centre (CRC; ) was a short-lived political group in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo). Led by the Senior Unofficial Member of the Executive and Legislative Councils Allen Lee, it was established on 12 Decem ...

() *

Community March Community March () was a district-based political group formed in late 2017 in Hong Kong by a group of pro-democracy camp, pro-democracy social activists. History Initiated by former chairwoman of the Labour Party (Hong Kong), Labour Party S ...

() * Community Sha Tin () * Constitutional Reform Association of Hong Kong * Democratic Alliance () *

Democratic Progressive Party of Hong Kong The Democratic Progressive Party ( zh, t=民主進步黨) was a small localist political party in Hong Kong established by Yeung Ke-cheong ( zh, t=楊繼昌, labels=no) in 2015. It considered Chinese rule in Hong Kong foreign and promoted the ri ...

() * Democratic Self-Government Party of Hong Kong () *

Demosistō Demosisto (stylised Demosistō) () was a pro-democracy political organisation established on 10 April 2016 as a political party. It was led by Joshua Wong and Agnes Chow – former leaders of Scholarism, along with Nathan Law, former secre ...

() *

Federation for the Stability of Hong Kong The Federation for the Stability of Hong Kong (, abbreviated 穩港協; FSHK) was a pro-Beijing rural political group representing the interests of the New Territories indigenous inhabitants active in the 1990s. History The Federation was incor ...

() * The Frontier () * Frontline Doctors' Union () *

Hong Kong Affairs Society The Hong Kong Affairs Society () was a middle class and professionals oriented political organisation formed in 1984 for the discussion for the Hong Kong prospect and political constitution after the handover to China with about 20 members led ...

() * Hong Kong Alliance of Chinese and Expatriates () * Hong Kong Citizen Forum () *

Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions The Hong Kong Confederation of Trade Unions (HKCTU) was a pro-democracy labour and political group in the Hong Kong. It was established on 29 July 1990. It had 160,000 members in 61 affiliates (mainly trade unions in various sectors) and rep ...

() * Hong Kong Forum () *

Hong Kong National Party The Hong Kong National Party was a localist political party in Hong Kong. It was the first political party in Hong Kong to advocate for Hong Kong independence. The Hong Kong National Party is also the first political party to be outlawed since ...

() * Hong Kong Observers () *

Hong Kong People's Association The Hong Kong People's Association () was a middle-class and professional oriented political organisation formed on 18 November 1984. Along with the Association for Democracy and Justice, it was established in response to the signage of the Sin ...

() *

Hong Kong Policy Viewers Hong may refer to: Places *Høng, a town in Denmark *Hong Kong, a city and a special administrative region in China *Hong, Nigeria *Hong River in China and Vietnam *Lake Hong in China Surnames *Hong (Chinese name) *Hong (Korean name) Organiz ...

() * Hong Kong Professional Teachers' Union () *

Hong Kong Progressive Alliance The Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (HKPA) was a Pro-Beijing camp, pro-Beijing, pro-business political party in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It was established in 1994 and was merged into the Demo ...

() * Hong Kong Prospect Institute () * Hong Kong Socialist Democratic Party () * Kowloon City Observers () *

Kowloon Residents' Association The Kowloon Residents' Association was one of the earliest political organisations in Hong Kong history founded in 1920. History It was formed by a group of Europeans residing on the Kowloon Peninsula, British Hong Kong on 20 January 1920. The ...

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Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong The Liberal Democratic Federation of Hong Kong (, abbreviated 自民聯; LDF) was a pro-Beijing pro-business and conservative political party in Hong Kong. It was established in 1990, and was composed of mainly conservative businessmen and prof ...

() * Liberal Democratic Party ()` *

Meeting Point Meeting Point (Chinese: 匯點) was a liberal political organisation and party in Hong Kong formed by a group of former student activists in the 1970s and intellectuals for the discussion for the Sino-British negotiation on the question of Hong ...

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Neo Democrats The Neo Democrats was a pro-democracy, localist political group in Hong Kong composed mainly of former and disenchanted members of the Democratic Party New Territories East branch after the 2012 constitutional reform proposals. It had held o ...

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New Hong Kong Alliance The New Hong Kong Alliance (, abbreviated 新港盟; NHKA) was a pro-Beijing conservative political organisation in Hong Kong in the 1990s mostly composed of businessmen and professionals. It was considered the more conservative wing of the Group ...

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New Hong Kong Society The New Hong Kong Society ( Chinese: 新香港學社) was a political organisation existed in the early 1980s in the background of Sino-British negotiation over Hong Kong's sovereignty after 1997. It was one of the first groups to accept Chinese so ...

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Power for Democracy Power for Democracy (; PfD) was a pro-democracy political group in Hong Kong established by a group of pro-democracy activists in 2002. It worked mainly as a mediating platform for electoral coordination between the pro-democratic parties. It ...

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Progressive Hong Kong Society The Progressive Hong Kong Society (; PHKS) was a political group in Hong Kong. It was established on 14 February 1985 by the then Executive and Legislative Council member Maria Tam. The party is considered conservative and pro-Beijing, in co ...

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Public Affairs Society In public relations and communication science, publics are groups of individual people, and the public (a.k.a. the general public) is the totality of such groupings. This is a different concept to the sociological concept of the ''Öffentlichkei ...

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Reform Club of Hong Kong The Reform Club of Hong Kong was one of the oldest political organisations in Hong Kong, existing from 1949 until the mid-1990s. Established by expatriates who were concerned about the Young Plan proposed by Governor Mark Aitchison Young in 1 ...

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Social Democratic Forum The Social Democratic Forum (, SDF) was a short-lived political group in Hong Kong formed by the radical faction of the Democratic Party. It consisted mostly the "Young Turks" faction of the Democratic Party which took a more pro-grassroots and str ...

() * Social Democratic Front () *

Team Chu Hoi Dick of New Territories West Team Chu Hoi-dick of New Territories West () was a pro-democracy political group based in New Territories West that existed between 2016 and 2021. In the 2019 District Council election, nine people from the group ran and seven were elected, bu ...

() * Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power () * Tuen Mun Community Network () * United Ants () *

United Democrats of Hong Kong The United Democrats of Hong Kong (; UDHK) was a short-lived political party in Hong Kong founded in 1990 as the united front of the liberal democracy forces in preparation of the 1991 first ever direct election for the Legislative Council of ...

() *

United Front for the Service of the People United may refer to: Places * United, Pennsylvania, an unincorporated community * United, West Virginia, an unincorporated community Arts and entertainment Films * ''United'' (2003 film), a Norwegian film * ''United'' (2011 film), a BBC Two f ...

() * United Nations Association of Hong Kong () * Victoria Social Association ()

References

{{Hong Kong topics, collapsed

Political parties A political party is an organization that coordinates candidates to compete in a particular country's elections. It is common for the members of a party to hold similar ideas about politics, and parties may promote specific ideological or pol ...

Present parties

Parties and groups in the Legislative and District Councils

Other parties and groups

Pro-democracy camp

Pro-Beijing camp

Localist groups

Umbrella organisations

Others

Regional organisations, communal pressure groups and Kaifong associations

Electoral coalitions

Defunct

Pro-democracy camp

See also

References