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Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association
The Hong Kong Chinese Reform Association () is a pro-Beijing political organisation established in 1949 in Hong Kong. It was one of the three pillars of the pro-Communist leftist camp throughout most of the time in Hong Kong under colonial rule (the others two being the Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions and Chinese General Chamber of Commerce). History Founding It was first founded in May 1949 by a group of Chinese professionals and intellectuals in response to the then Governor Mark Aitchison Young's plan of constitutional reform. The founding members included barristers Mok Ying-kwai and Percy Chen, Chan Kwan-po, senior lecturer in the Department of Chinese of the University of Hong Kong, Wong San-yin, formerly a leactuer in pharmacology in the University of Hong Kong and doctor Wu Tat-biu. Wong San-yin was elected the association's founding chairman. Wong San-yin was appointed to the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) after the People's Republic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pro-Beijing Camp
The pro-Beijing camp, pro-establishment camp, pro-government camp or pro-China camp refers to a political alignment in Hong Kong which generally supports the policies of the Beijing central government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) towards Hong Kong. The term "pro-establishment camp" is regularly in use to label the broader segment of the Hong Kong political arena which has the closer relationship with the establishment, namely the governments of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR). It is also labeled as the "Patriotic Front" by the pro-Beijing media and sometimes labeled as "loyalists" by the rival pro-democracy camp. The pro-Beijing camp evolved from Hong Kong's pro-CCP faction, often called "leftists", which acted under the direction of the CCP. It launched the 1967 Hong Kong riots against British colonial rule in Hong Kong and had a long rivalry with the pro-Kuomintang bloc. After the Sino-British Joint De ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong And Kowloon Federation Of Trade Unions
The Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (HKFTU) is a pro-Beijing labour and political group established in 1948 in Hong Kong. It is the oldest and largest labour group in Hong Kong with over 420,000 members in 253 affiliates and associated trade unions. Presided by Ng Chau-pei and chaired by Kingsley Wong, it currently holds four seats in the Legislative Council and five seats in the District Councils. The HKFTU has long been seen as a satellite organisation of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the ruling party of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It played a leading role in the 1967 riots against British rule in Hong Kong, which were suppressed by the colonial government. In the 1980s, the HKFTU, along with the conservative business elites, led efforts against faster democratisation during the run up to the Chinese resumption of sovereignty over Hong Kong in 1997. HKFTU trade unionists were among the founding members of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1995 Hong Kong Municipal Elections
The 1995 Hong Kong Urban Council and Regional Council elections were the municipal elections held on 5 March 1995 for the elected seats of the Urban Council and Regional Council respectively. It was the second of the three-tier elections held in 1995 under Governor Chris Patten's electoral reform, namely the 1994 District Board and 1995 Legislative Council election. The liberal Democratic Party continued its dominance by winning 23 seats in total. Due to the abolishment of the two Councils by Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa in 1999, this election became the last election. Overview Due to the democratisation reform under the governorship of Chris Patten, all the appointed seats since the creations of the Councils were replaced by members of direct elections. 32 seats in the Urban Council was the directly elected by the general residents and 9 seats were elected by the Hong Kong Island and Kowloon District Boards members. For Regional Council, 27 seats were directly elected and 9 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1995 Hong Kong Legislative Election
The 1995 Hong Kong Legislative Council election for members of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong (LegCo) was held on 17 September 1995. It was the first, and only, fully elected legislative election in the colonial period before transferring Hong Kong's sovereignty to China two years later. The elections returned 20 members from directly elected geographical constituencies, 30 members from indirectly elected functional constituencies, and 10 members from elections committee constituency who were elected by all District Board members. In consequence of Governor Chris Patten's constitutional reforms, which were strongly opposed by the Beijing government, the nine newly created functional constituencies enfranchised around 2.7 million new voters. As the tensions between Britain and China went on, Hong Kong became rapidly politicised. Party politics was getting in shape as the Beijing-loyalist Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB), the pro-business Liberal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New China News Agency
Xinhua News Agency (English pronunciation: )J. C. Wells: Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 3rd ed., for both British and American English, or New China News Agency, is the official state news agency of the People's Republic of China. Xinhua is a ministry-level institution subordinate to the State Council and is the highest ranking state media organ in China. Xinhua is a publisher as well as a news agency. Xinhua publishes in multiple languages and is a channel for the distribution of information related to the Chinese government and the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP). Its headquarters in Beijing are located close to the central government's headquarters at Zhongnanhai. Xinhua tailors its pro-Chinese government message to the nuances of each audience. Xinhua has faced criticism for spreading propaganda and disinformation and for criticizing people, groups, or movements critical of the Chinese government and its policies. History The predecessor to Xinhua was the R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong Progressive Alliance
The Hong Kong Progressive Alliance (HKPA) was a Pro-Beijing camp, pro-Beijing, pro-business political party in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China. It was established in 1994 and was merged into the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) in 2005. The DAB then renamed as the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong. Stances The party was composed of mainly businessmen and professionals. The party was considered a pro-business conservative and pro-Beijing one. It assured another voting block in support of Beijing's interest. The basic platform of the party was to defend "One country-two systems" and the Hong Kong Basic Law, Basic Law, the mini-constitution of Hong Kong. It advocated handling political and social issues in a moderate, pragmatic and harmonious manner, and the 'progressive' development of democracy, emphasising 'stability, prosperity and progress'. Party members maintained close rela ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wan Chai District Council
The Wan Chai District Council is the district council for the Wan Chai District in Hong Kong. It is one of 18 such councils. The Wan Chai District Council currently consists of 13 members, of which the district is divided into 13 constituencies, electing a total of 13 members. The latest election was held on 24 November 2019. History The Wan Chai District Council was established on 20 February 1982 under the name of the Wan Chai District Board as the result of the colonial Governor Murray MacLehose's District Administration Scheme reform. The District Board was partly elected with the ''ex-officio'' Urban Council members, as well as members appointed by the Governor until 1994 when last Governor Chris Patten refrained from appointing any member. The Wan Chai District Board became Wan Chai Provisional District Board after the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (HKSAR) was established in 1997 with the appointment system being reintroduced by Chief Executive Tung Chee-hwa. T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1991 Hong Kong Local Elections
The 1991 Hong Kong District Board elections were held on 3 March 1991. Elections were held in all 19 District Councils of Hong Kong, districts of Hong Kong for 274 members from directly elected constituencies, which counted for about two-thirds of the seats in the District Boards. It was the first of the three-tier elections in 1991, followed by the 1991 Hong Kong municipal elections, May Urban and Regional Council elections and the 1991 Hong Kong legislative election, September Legislative Council election in which direct elections would be introduced for the first time. In preparation for these elections, both the liberal pro-democracy and conservative pro-business forces formed political parties to the contest in the coming elections. The pro-democracy party United Democrats of Hong Kong (UDHK) formed as a grand alliance for the pro-democrats in April 1990, the more middle-class oriented Hong Kong Democratic Foundation (HKDF) formed in October 1989 and the pro-business conser ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sino-British Joint Declaration
The Sino-British Joint Declaration is a treaty between the governments of the United Kingdom and China signed in 1984 setting the conditions in which Hong Kong was transferred to Chinese control and for the governance of the territory after 1 July 1997. Hong Kong had been a colony of the British Empire since 1842 after the First Opium War and its territory was expanded on two occasions; first in 1860 with the addition of Kowloon Peninsula and Stonecutters Island, and again in 1898 when Britain obtained a 99-year lease for the New Territories. The date of the handover in 1997 marked the end of this lease. The Chinese government declared in the treaty its basic policies for governing Hong Kong after the transfer. A special administrative region would be established in the territory that would be self-governing with a high degree of autonomy, except in foreign affairs and defence. Hong Kong would maintain its existing governing and economic systems separate from that of main ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hong Kong And Macao Affairs Office
The Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council is an administrative agency of the State Council of the People's Republic of China responsible for promoting cooperation and coordination of political, economic and cultural ties between Mainland China and the Chinese Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau. Its head office is in Xicheng District, Beijing. Administration The agency was established in 1978, and has been headed by the Director of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office. There are deputy directors which assist the director in running the office. The agency answers to the State Council of the People's Republic of China as well as the Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs of the Chinese Communist Party. Primary Functions The Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office (HKMAO) is an administrative agency of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China (PRC). It is mainly responsible for promoting cooperation and coordination ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lu Ping
Lu Ping (; 27 September 1927 – 3 May 2015) was a Chinese politician and diplomat. He served as Head of the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. He is best known as China's delegation head and main representative during negotiations for the transfer of sovereignties of Hong Kong and Macau from Britain and Portugal to the PRC and labelled the last governor of Hong Kong Chris Patten as "Sinner of a Thousand Years" () for his unilateral electoral reform proposals. Born in Shanghai, Lu graduated from St. John's University, Shanghai in 1947 and joined the Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office The Hong Kong and Macau Affairs Office of the State Council is an administrative agency of the State Council of the People's Republic of China responsible for promoting cooperation and coordination of political, economic and cultural ties betwe ... in 1978. References 1927 births 2015 deaths Chinese Communist Party politician ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Li Hou
Li Hou (, June 1923 – 27 September 2009) is a Chinese Communist Party politician. Li Hou was born in Zhucheng, Shandong Province of China in 1923. He began involving in revolutionary activities in 1937 and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the following year and worked in the 57th Northeastern Red Army. After 1941, he served in the Propaganda Department of the Shandong Sub-bureau under the CPC Central Committee. He worked as a reporter and chief editor of the local newspaper, ''Shandong Dazhong Daily'' from 1942 until the Communists seized power over China in 1949. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served consecutively as chief editor of the Xinhua News Agency Shandong Branch Office and member of the editorial board of the ''Dazhong Daily'' between 1949 and 1951. Li was promoted to deputy section chief of the Foreign Affairs Office under the State Council in 1958. In 1978, he became the deputy secretary-general and later deputy director and se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
