Orange is a city in the

Central Tablelands The Central Tablelands in New South Wales is a geographic area that lies between the Sydney Metropolitan Area and the Central Western Slopes and Plains. The Great Dividing Range passes in a north–south direction through the Central Tablelands ...

region of

New South Wales ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of New South Wales in AustraliaCoordinates: , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , es ...

, Australia. It is west of the state capital, Sydney on a great circle at an altitude of . Orange had an estimated urban population of 40,493 Estimated resident population, 30 June 2018. as of June 2018 making the city a significant regional centre. A significant nearby landmark is

Mount Canobolas Mount Canobolas, a mountain on a spur of the Great Dividing Range, is located in the Central Tablelands region of New South Wales, Australia. With an elevation of above sea level, Mount Canobolas, an extinct volcano, is the highest mountain i ...

with a peak elevation of and commanding views of the district. Orange is situated within the traditional lands of the Wiradjuri Nation. Orange is the birthplace of poets

Banjo Paterson Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson, (17 February 18645 February 1941) was an Australian bush poet, journalist and author. He wrote many ballads and poems about Australian life, focusing particularly on the rural and outback areas, including the ...

and

Kenneth Slessor Kenneth Adolphe Slessor (27 March 190130 June 1971) was an Australian poet, journalist and official war correspondent in World War II. He was one of Australia's leading poets, notable particularly for the absorption of modernist influences int ...

, although Paterson lived in Orange for only a short time as an infant.

Walter W. Stone Walter William Stone (24 June 191029 August 1981), known as Wal Stone, was a noted Australian book publisher, book collector and passionate supporter of Australian literature.Stone, Jean (1988). The Passionate Bibliophile: The Story of Walter S ...

, book publisher (Wentworth Books) and passionate supporter of Australian literature, was also born in Orange. The first

Australian Touring Car Championship The Australian Touring Car Championship (ATCC) is a touring car racing award held in Australia since 1960. The series itself is no longer contested, but the title lives on, with the winner of the Repco Supercars Championship awarded the trophy ...

, known today as

V8 Supercar Championship Series The Supercars Championship is a touring car racing category in Australia, running as an International Series under Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) regulations, governing the sport. Supercars events take place in all Australian ...

, was held at the

Gnoo Blas Motor Racing Circuit The Gnoo Blas Motor Racing Circuit was a motor racing circuit at Orange, New South Wales, Orange, New South Wales, Australia. The circuit was formed from rural roads and highways outside the town, around the grounds of Orange Health Service, Blo ...

1960 It is also known as the "Year of Africa" because of major events—particularly the independence of seventeen African nations—that focused global attention on the continent and intensified feelings of Pan-Africanism. Events January * Ja ...

History

The Orange region is the traditional land of the

Wiradjuri people The Wiradjuri people (; ) are a group of Aboriginal Australian people from central New South Wales, united by common descent through kinship and shared traditions. They survived as skilled hunter-fisher-gatherers, in family groups or clans, a ...

. Known as the people of the three rivers, the Wiradjuri people have inhabited

for at least 60,000 years. In 1822 Captain Percy Simpson arrived in the Wellington District and established a convict settlement which was called "Blackman's Swamp" after James Blackman; Simpson had employed James Blackman as a guide because he had already accompanied an earlier explorer,

John Oxley John Joseph William Molesworth Oxley (1784 – 25 May 1828) was an explorer and surveyor of Australia in the early period of British colonisation. He served as Surveyor General of New South Wales and is perhaps best known for his two exp ...

into that region. In the late 1820s, the surveyor J. B. Richards worked on a survey of the

Macquarie River The Macquarie River - Wambuul is part of the Macquarie– Barwon catchment within the Murray–Darling basin, is one of the main inland rivers in New South Wales, Australia. The river rises in the central highlands of New South Wales near the ...

below Bathurst and also of the road to

Wellington Wellington ( mi, Te Whanganui-a-Tara or ) is the capital city of New Zealand. It is located at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Remutaka Range. Wellington is the second-largest city in New Zealand by me ...

. On a plan dated 1829, he indicated a village reserve, in the parish of Orange.

Sir Thomas Mitchell Sir Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (15 June 1792 – 5 October 1855), surveyor and explorer of Southeastern Australia, was born at Grangemouth in Stirlingshire, Scotland. In 1827 he took up an appointment as Assistant Surveyor General of New Sout ...

named the parish Orange, as he had been an associate of the

Prince of Orange Prince of Orange (or Princess of Orange if the holder is female) is a title originally associated with the sovereign Principality of Orange, in what is now southern France and subsequently held by sovereigns in the Netherlands. The title ...

in the

Peninsular War The Peninsular War (1807–1814) was the military conflict fought in the Iberian Peninsula by Spain, Portugal, and the United Kingdom against the invading and occupying forces of the First French Empire during the Napoleonic Wars. In Spain ...

, when both were aides-de-camp to the

Duke of Wellington Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and Tory statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as prime minister of ...

, whose title was bestowed on the valley to the west by Oxley. Initial occupation by graziers began in late 1829, and tiny settlements eventually turned into larger towns as properties came into connection with the road. In 1844, the surveyor Davidson was sent to check on encroachments onto the land reserved for a village, and to advise on the location for a township. His choices were Frederick's Valley, Pretty Plains, or Blackman's Swamp. Blackman's Swamp was chosen, and it was proclaimed a village and named Orange by Major Thomas Mitchell in 1846 in honour of

Prince William of Orange William III (William Henry; ; 4 November 16508 March 1702), also widely known as William of Orange, was the sovereign Prince of Orange from birth, Stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from ...

. At nearby

Ophir Ophir (; ) is a port or region mentioned in the Bible, famous for its wealth. King Solomon received a shipment from Ophir every three years (1 Kings 10:22) which consisted of gold, silver, sandalwood, pearls, ivory, apes, and peacocks. Biblica ...

, a significant gold find in Australia was made in 1851, resulting in a sporadic population movement which is known as the Australian gold rush. Additional gold finds in nearby areas led to the establishment of Orange as a central trading centre for the gold. The growth of Orange continued as the conditions were well suited for agriculture, and in 1860 it was proclaimed a municipality. The railway from

Sydney Sydney ( ) is the capital city of the state of New South Wales, and the most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about towards the Blue Mountain ...

reached Orange in 1877. In 1946, 100 years after it was first being established as a village, Orange was proclaimed as a minor city. Orange was proposed as a site for Australia's national capital city, prior to the selection of Canberra. The new capital city would have adjoined the town of Orange, which would have been included in the surrounding federal territory.

Population

According to the 2016 census of Population, there were 37,182 people in the Orange urban centre. * Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people made up 6.6% of the population. * 83.2% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were England 1.6%, India 1.0%, New Zealand 0.9%, Philippines 0.5% and China 0.4%. * 87.3% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included Malayalam 0.7%, Mandarin 0.4%, Italian 0.3% and Nepali 0.3%. * The most common responses for religion were Catholic 30.1%, No Religion 22.0% and Anglican 20.2%. * Of the employed people in Orange (Urban Centres and Localities), 6.2% worked in hospitals (except psychiatric hospitals). Other major industries of employment included gold ore mining 4.2%, state government administration 3.4%, other social assistance services 3.2% and supermarket and grocery stores 2.5%.

Geography and climate

Owing to its altitude, Orange has a temperate

oceanic climate An oceanic climate, also known as a marine climate, is the humid temperate climate sub-type in Köppen classification ''Cfb'', typical of west coasts in higher middle latitudes of continents, generally featuring cool summers and mild winters ( ...

(

Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...

''Cfb''), with warm summers (though with cool mornings) and cold, wet winters with frequent morning

frost Frost is a thin layer of ice on a solid surface, which forms from water vapor in an above-freezing atmosphere coming in contact with a solid surface whose temperature is below freezing, and resulting in a phase change from water vapor (a gas) ...

s. The city is relatively wet for an inland location owing to orographic effects from Mount Canobolas, especially during the cooler months when

snow Snow comprises individual ice crystals that grow while suspended in the atmosphere—usually within clouds—and then fall, accumulating on the ground where they undergo further changes. It consists of frozen crystalline water throughout ...

falls; Orange is the only city in Australia to receive annual snowfall (that is, guaranteed snow every year), although far from a regular occurrence on account of its northern latitude. Due to its

windward Windward () and leeward () are terms used to describe the direction of the wind. Windward is ''upwind'' from the point of reference, i.e. towards the direction from which the wind is coming; leeward is ''downwind'' from the point of reference ...

position on the western side of the ranges, Orange experiences significantly wetter winters than the cities in the east, namely Lithgow and Bathurst. Compared with most population centres in Australia it has colder winters, especially in terms of its daytime maximum temperatures, owing to its westerly exposure. In summer, the average (and absolute) maximum temperatures are also lower than in most inland centres, on account of its elevation. Owing to its inland location, the humidity is low in the summer months with the

dewpoint The dew point is the temperature to which air must be cooled to become saturated with water vapor, assuming constant air pressure and water content. When cooled below the dew point, moisture capacity is reduced and airborne water vapor will cond ...

typically around 10 °C. Having 99.8 clear days annually, it is still cloudier than the coastal areas of

and

Wollongong Wollongong ( ), colloquially referred to as The Gong, is a city located in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia. The name is believed to originate from the Dharawal language, meaning either 'five islands/clouds', 'ground near wate ...

(104 and 107 clear days, respectively), with a marked lack of sunshine in winter compared to summer. The climate has enabled the area to be a major apple and pear producer, and a centre for cool-weather wine production.

Economy

Orange is a well-known fruit growing district, and produces apples, pears, and many

stone fruit In botany, a drupe (or stone fruit) is an indehiscent fruit in which an outer fleshy part (exocarp, or skin, and mesocarp, or flesh) surrounds a single shell (the ''pit'', ''stone'', or ''pyrena'') of hardened endocarp with a seed (''kernel'') ...

s such as

cherries A cherry is the fruit of many plants of the genus ''Prunus'', and is a fleshy drupe (stone fruit). Commercial cherries are obtained from cultivars of several species, such as the sweet ''Prunus avium'' and the sour ''Prunus cerasus''. The nam ...

peach The peach (''Prunus persica'') is a deciduous tree first domesticated and cultivated in Zhejiang province of Eastern China. It bears edible juicy fruits with various characteristics, most called peaches and others (the glossy-skinned, non-fu ...

es,

apricot An apricot (, ) is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus ''Prunus''. Usually, an apricot is from the species '' P. armeniaca'', but the fruits of the other species in ''Prunus'' sect. ''Armeniaca'' are also ...

s, and

plum A plum is a fruit of some species in ''Prunus'' subg. ''Prunus'.'' Dried plums are called prunes. History Plums may have been one of the first fruits domesticated by humans. Three of the most abundantly cultivated species are not found i ...

s; oranges are not grown in the area, since its climate is too cool. In recent years, a large number of

vineyard A vineyard (; also ) is a plantation of grape-bearing vines, grown mainly for winemaking, but also raisins, table grapes and non-alcoholic grape juice. The science, practice and study of vineyard production is known as viticulture. Vineyards ...

s have been planted in the area for rapidly expanding wine production. The growth of this wine industry, coupled with the further development of Orange as a gourmet food capital, has ensured Orange's status as a prominent tourism destination. Other large industries include: * Cadia gold mine is a large open cut gold and copper mine located about 20 kilometres south of Orange. The mine has been developed throughout the 1990s and is a major employer in the region with an expected lifespan of several decades. Cadia is the second largest open-cut mine in Australia, following the Super Pit at

Kalgoorlie Kalgoorlie is a city in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, located east-northeast of Perth at the end of the Great Eastern Highway. It is sometimes referred to as Kalgoorlie–Boulder, as the surrounding urban area includ ...

Western Australia Western Australia (commonly abbreviated as WA) is a state of Australia occupying the western percent of the land area of Australia excluding external territories. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean to the north and west, the Southern Ocean to th ...

. Large mineral deposits are also being uncovered from the more recently developed Ridgeway underground mine which is adjacent to the Cadia Mine. *An

Electrolux Electrolux AB () is a Swedish multinational home appliance manufacturer, headquartered in Stockholm. It is consistently ranked the world's second largest appliance maker by units sold, after Whirlpool. Electrolux products sell under a variety ...

white goods A major appliance, also known as a large domestic appliance or large electric appliance or simply a large appliance, large domestic, or large electric, is a non-portable or semi-portable machine used for routine housekeeping tasks such as cookin ...

factory, closed in 2017. Orange is also the location of the headquarters of the New South Wales Department of Industry (Department of Industry, Skills and Regional Development, the

New South Wales Department of Primary Industries The New South Wales Department of Primary Industries (DPI) is an agency of the New South Wales Government, responsible for the administration and development for agriculture, fisheries, aquaculture, forestry, and biosecurity in New South Wales. ...

Education

Primary and public schools

* St Mary's Catholic Primary School * Orange Public, opened 1880 * Orange East Public * Calare Public School * Orange Christian School * Kinross Wolaroi School * Bletchington Primary School * Anson Street Public School * Glenroi Heights Public School * Bowen Public School * Canobolas Public School * Clergate Public School * Catherine McAuley Catholic * Orange Anglican Grammar School The following primary schools are not within the city limits of Orange but are located within the rural fringe of Orange: * Spring Hill Public School * Nashdale Primary School * Spring Terrace Public School * Borenore Public School * Clergate Public School * Borenore Public School * Mullion Creek Public School Orange High School NSW

Secondary schools

* Orange High School *

James Sheahan Catholic High School , motto_translation = , location = Anson Street, Orange, New South Wales , country = Australia , grades = 7– 12 , coordinates = , pushpin_map = Australia New South Wales , pushpin_image = , pus ...

* Canobolas Rural Technology High School *Orange Christian School (K–12) *

Kinross Wolaroi School Kinross Wolaroi School is an Independent school, independent Uniting Church of Australia, Uniting Church Mixed-sex education, co-educational Pre-school education, early learning, Primary school, primary, and Secondary school, secondary Day school, ...

(Prep–12) * Orange Anglican Grammar School (Transition 4yrs – 12) *MET School Orange Campus (3–12) * Charles Sturt University Orange campus

De La Salle College (defunct)

Tertiary education

*A campus of

Charles Sturt University Charles Sturt University is an Australian multi-campus public university located in New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory and Victoria. Established in 1989, it was named in honour of Captain Charles Napier Sturt, a British explorer w ...

is located on the outskirts of northern Orange. *A large campus of

TAFE Technical and further education or simply TAFE (), is the common name in English-speaking countries in Oceania for vocational education, as a subset of tertiary education. TAFE institutions provide a wide range of predominantly vocational cours ...

is also located in Orange. *Orange Regional Conservatorium

Churches

Uniting Church and Kindergarten Hall, Orange 01

*St Joseph's and St Mary's Catholic Churches * Orange NSW Holy Trinity Church (cropped)

Holy Trinity Anglican Church *Orange Uniting Churches * Orange Baptist Church * Orange Presbyterian Church * St Peter's Lutheran Church *New Life City Church *Orange Evangelical Church *Orange Christian Assembly *Mountain Hope Church * Salvation Army * Orange Seventh-day Adventist Church * Orange Church of Christ * Slavic Pentecostal Church * The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints * Open Heavens Church

Suburbs

The following are listed as the

suburb A suburb (more broadly suburban area) is an area within a metropolitan area, which may include commercial and mixed-use, that is primarily a residential area. A suburb can exist either as part of a larger city/urban area or as a separate ...

s within Orange City Council, according to the

New South Wales Division of Local Government The New South Wales Office of Local Government, a former agency from 1993 until 2019 of the Department of Planning and Environment in the Government of New South Wales, was responsible for administering legislation in relation to local governme ...

: *Ammerdown: a

residential A residential area is a land used in which housing predominates, as opposed to industrial and commercial areas. Housing may vary significantly between, and through, residential areas. These include single-family housing, multi-family residen ...

locality to the north west of Orange on the Mitchell Highway. *Bletchington: containing mostly residential areas with one school, it is one of the largest residential areas, and it is often split into North Orange and Bletchington. Within the suburb are the Orange Botanic Gardens, the Orange Adventure Playground, and the Waratah Sports Ground. *Bloomfield: containing farmland, Bloomfield Golf Course, Riverside Mental Institution and Orange Health Service (a major regional hospital) along with the Gosling Creek Reservoir and the Gosling Creek nature reserve. *Borenore: a locality, west of Orange, comprising primarily farmland. Also the site of the Australian National Field Days. *Bowen: containing residential, predominantly public housing, industrial, commercial, Kinross Woloroi School, and government offices, this suburb also has the main road out of Orange to Sydney. It also contains the Orange Showground and the Orange Cemetery. *Calare: the suburb is located to the west of the CBD. It is mostly a residential area, and contains Calare Public School and Orange High School, and Wentworth Golf Course. It is also commonly split into Calare, Bel-Air and Wentworth Estate and has The Quarry and Towac Park Racecourse. It houses most New Areas of Orange *Canobolas: this mainly farming and recreation area, contains the Mount Canobolas State recreation area and

. *Clifton Grove: containing farmland and large residential blocks, some parts of the estate are down stream from the Suma Park Reservoir and the area also contains the Kinross State Forest. *Clover Hill: a residential suburb to the north of the CBD. *Glenroi: a mainly residential area with areas of

public housing Public housing is a form of housing tenure in which the property is usually owned by a government authority, either central or local. Although the common goal of public housing is to provide affordable housing, the details, terminology, def ...

, along with the

white goods manufacturing plant. It also contains industrial land in areas surrounding the factory, as well as a more recent industrial area known as Leewood Estate. *Huntley: a locality south of Orange. *

Lucknow Lucknow (, ) is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and it is also the second largest urban agglomeration in Uttar Pradesh. Lucknow is the administrative headquarters of the eponymous district and division ...

: a small village approximately east of Orange. It is a historic mining town with small residential, small industrial and commercial with most being farmland. *March: a locality north of Orange. * Millthorpe: a village south east of Orange. The area constituting a suburb of Orange is constituted of farmland lying to the north west of the village. *Narrambla: a mainly industrial and farming land area. * Nashdale:a community located approximately 8 kilometres west of Orange. The community gathers around the local Nashdale Public School and hall. *Orange: the suburb comprises the central business district of the city, which contains an original grid street plan. The main street of Orange is Summer Street. The CBD can be defined as being the area of the city bounded by Hill, March, Peisley, and Moulder Streets. *Orange East: beginning on the eastern side of the railway line, Orange East is mostly residential, but contains some light businesses, especially on Summer, Byng, and William Streets. *Orange South: directly to the south of the CBD, beginning past Moulder Street this area contains Wade Park and the Orange Base Hospital. *Shadforth: a locality to the east of Orange bypassed by the Mitchell Highway that contains Shadforth Quarry. * Spring Hill: a village to the south-east of Orange. *Spring Terrace: a locality and small village located south of Orange, centred on the local primary school. *Springside: a locality to the south of Orange. *Suma Park: a lightly populated residential area on the eastern outskirts of Orange. It contains Suma Park Reservoir, Orange's main water supply. *Summer Hill: a lightly populated residential, industrial, and farmland area on the south eastern outskirts of Orange on the Mitchell Highway. *Warrendine: a mostly residential area and contains

and industrial land. It also has small school farmland and Jack Brabham Park. Cook Park - panoramio

Mining

Cadia-Ridgeway Mine is a large open cut gold and copper mine located about 20 kilometres south of Orange, the mine has been developed throughout the 1990s employing several thousand employees with an expected lifespan of several decades. Cadia is the second largest open cut mine in Australia after the Super Pit at

. Large mineral deposits are also being uncovered from the more recently developed Ridgeway underground mine which is adjacent to the Cadia Mine.

Winemaking

The Orange wine region is defined as the area above 600m in the local government areas of Orange, Cabonne and Blayney and can be usefully described as a circle around Orange. The Orange region is good for grape growing and winemaking due to a combination of geology, soils, climate and temperature. Together these factors combine to produce grapes and wine of distinct flavours and colour. The climate perhaps plays the biggest part in giving Orange some distinct natural advantages – the cool temperatures during most of the growing season coupled with dry autumn conditions are ideal for grape growing.

Wineries

* Amour Wines * Angullong Wines * Atallah Wines * Bloodwood * Boree Lane * Borrodell on the Mount * Brangayne of Orange * Canobolas Smith * Cargo Road Winery * Cooks Lot * Colmar Estate * Cumulus Estate * Dindima * De Salis * Faisan Estate * Habitat Vineyard * Heifer Station Vineyard * Highland Heritage * Hoosegg Wines * Mayfield Vineyard * Montoro Wines * Mortimer's Wines * Nashdale Lane * Orange Mountain Wines * Patina * Philip Shaw * Printhie / Swift * Ross Hill * Rowlee Wines * Rikard Wines * Sassy Wines * Sea Saw Wines * Slow Wine Co. * Strawhouse Wines * Stockman's Ridge * Swinging Bridge * Tallwood Wines * Tamburlaine Wines * Word of Mouth Wines Wineries that use Orange region grapes in their wines include

Brokenwood Wines ''The Brokenwood Mysteries'' is a New Zealand television detective drama series that premiered on Prime in 2014. Each of the first six series comprises four distinct episodes. Series 7 began streaming on 29 March 2021 on Acorn TV, comprises six ...

(Hunter Valley based), Logan (Mudgee), Tamburlaine (Hunter Valley), Gartelmann (Hunter Valley), Windowrie (Central Ranges), Eloquesta Wines (Mudgee) and Lowe Wines (Mudgee). In 2007, South Australian based

Penfolds Penfolds is an Australian wine producer that was founded in Adelaide in 1844 by Christopher Rawson Penfold, an English physician who emigrated to Australia, and his wife Mary Penfold. It is one of Australia's oldest wineries, and is currently p ...

winery released the 2007 Penfolds Bin 311 Orange Region Chardonnay.

Media

Orange is served by several radio stations, including 105.1 Triple M Central West

2GZ GZ or gz may refer to: * .gz, the file extension for gzip files (GNU zip, an open source file compression program) * GZ, an HCPCS Level II modifier meaning an item or service is expected to be denied as not reasonable or necessary * GZ, the "right ...

FM, 105.9 Hit Central West, FM107.5

Orange Community Radio FM107.5 - The Local Station (callsign:2OCB) is a community radio station that broadcasts to the city of Orange, New South Wales, Australia and surrounding districts on the frequency 107.5 MHz. The organisation is Orange Community Broadcasters ...

, 103.5

Rhema FM Rhema FM is the name used for a number of Christian radio stations established with the help of, and assisted for many years by United Christian Broadcasters (UCB) in Australia. Each station is independent, being run and programmed locally with ...

''One Central West FM88''
and 2EL 1089AM – a commercial station that gets most of its programming from

2SM 2SM is an Australian radio station, licensed to and serving Sydney, broadcasting on 1269 kilohertz on the AM band. It is owned and operated by Broadcast Operations Group. The SM call sign is taken from the initials of Saint Mary's. 2SM's progra ...

in Sydney. The

Australian Broadcasting Corporation The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) is the national broadcaster of Australia. It is principally funded by direct grants from the Australian Government and is administered by a government-appointed board. The ABC is a publicly-own ...

(ABC) also broadcasts from four

radio station Radio broadcasting is transmission of audio (sound), sometimes with related metadata, by radio waves to radio receivers belonging to a public audience. In terrestrial radio broadcasting the radio waves are broadcast by a land-based radio ...

s in Orange including

ABC Local Radio ABC Local Radio is a network of publicly owned radio stations in Australia, operated by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation. ABC Local Radio stations broadcast across the continent using terrestrial transmitters and satellites. Its programm ...

(2CR) on 549AM and three national networks –

ABC Classic FM ABC Classic, formerly ABC-FM (also ABC Fine Music), and then ABC Classic FM, is an Australian classical music radio station available in Australia and internationally. Its website features classical music news, features and listening guides. ...

on 102.7 FM,

ABC Radio National Radio National, known on-air as RN, is an Australia-wide public service broadcasting radio network run by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC). From 1947 until 1985, the network was known as ABC Radio 2. History 1937: Predecessors an ...

on 104.3 FM, and

Triple J Triple J (stylised in all lowercase) is a government-funded, national Australian Radio in Australia, radio station intended to appeal to listeners of alternative music, which began broadcasting in January 1975. The station also places a greate ...

on 101.9 FM. The city receives five network television stations –

Prime7 Prime7, formerly Prime Television and other names, was an Australian television network. Prime Television launched on 17 March 1962 as '' CBN-8'' in Orange, and later expanded to cover regional New South Wales, Victoria and the Australian Capi ...

(a Seven Network affiliate), WIN TV (a Nine Network affiliate),

Southern Cross 10 10 Regional is an Australian television network owned by Southern Cross Austereo that is broadcast in Queensland, New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory, Victoria and South Australia. The network is the primary affiliate of Network 10 i ...

(a Network 10 affiliate), ABC TV and SBS. * ''

Prime7 News ''Prime7 News'' was a local television news service in parts of regional Australia, produced by Prime7. A statewide national bulletin, 5 full local news bulletins, and news update services was presented from Prime Media's National Headquarters in ...

'' produces a half-hour local news bulletin for the Central West, airing each weeknight at 6pm. It is produced from local newsrooms in Orange and

Dubbo Dubbo () is a city in the Orana Region of New South Wales, Australia. It is the largest population centre in the Orana region, with a population of 43,516 at June 2021. The city is located at the intersection of the Newell, Mitchell, and Gol ...

and broadcast from studios in

Canberra Canberra ( ) is the capital city of Australia. Founded following the federation of the colonies of Australia as the seat of government for the new nation, it is Australia's largest inland city and the eighth-largest city overall. The ci ...

. *

WIN Television WIN Television is an Australian television network owned by WIN Corporation that is based in Wollongong, New South Wales. WIN commenced transmissions on 18 March 1962 as a single television station covering the Wollongong region. The WIN Netwo ...

produces a half-hour local news bulletin for the Central West, airing each weeknight at 5:30pm. It is produced from its local newsroom in Orange and broadcast from studios in

. * Southern Cross 10 produces short news updates of

10 News First ''10 News First'' is an Australian television newscast, produced by Network 10. The network's ninety-minute long news program airs at 5pm each evening covering local, national and world news, including sport and weather. Weekend editions are p ...

throughout the day from its Hobart studios. Subscription television service

Foxtel Foxtel is an Australian pay television company—operating in cable television, direct broadcast satellite television, and IPTV streaming services. It was formed in April 2018, superseding an earlier company from 1995. The service was establi ...

is available in Orange and the surrounding region via satellite. The local newspapers are the ''

Central Western Daily ''The Central Western Daily'' newspaper (also known as the ''Western Daily'') was founded in 1945 in Orange in the Central West region of New South Wales ) , nickname = , image_map = New South Wales in Australia.svg , map_caption = Lo ...

'', /www.theOrangeapp.com.au/ ''The Orange App''(online daily news), the ''Midstate Observer'' and /www.orangecitylife.com.au/ ''Orange City Life''

Attractions

Orange has many attractions. There are bush walking trails in Orange including; Spring Glade Walking Track, Cook Park Heritage Walk, Summits Walking Tracks,

Nangar National Park Nangar is a national park in located New South Wales, Australia, west of Sydney. The park is located in the Nangar-Murga Range between Eugowra and Canowindra. It features Nangar Mountain, which rises to . Trees consist of eucalyptus, bla ...

and

Mullion Range State Conservation Area A mullion is a vertical structural element, element that forms a division between units of a window or screen, or is used decoratively. It is also often used as a division between double doors. When dividing adjacent window units its primary purp ...

. Borenore Caves is a series of limestone caves. Duntryleague Golf Club and Clubhouse,

and Federal Falls in the Mount Canobolas State Conservation Area, Lake Canobolas,

, the historic centre of Orange and the Orange Botanic Gardens are also near the town.

Transport

Roads

Orange is situated on the

Mitchell Highway Mitchell Highway is an outback state highway located in the Central West Queensland, central and South West Queensland, south western regions of Queensland and the North West Slopes, northern and Central West, New South Wales, central western ...

, linking the city to

Molong Molong is a small town in the Central West region of New South Wales, Australia, in Cabonne Shire. History The name Molong comes from the Aboriginal word for 'all rocks'. William Lee of Kelso is said to have had cattle in the area by 1819. ...

and Bourke to the north west, and to Bathurst to the east and from there to Sydney via the Great Western Highway (). Due west are

Parkes Parkes may refer to: * Sir Henry Parkes (1815–1896), Australian politician, one of the earliest and most prominent advocates for Australian federation Named for Henry Parkes * Parkes, New South Wales, a regional town * Parkes Observatory, a radi ...

() and Forbes (), which is midway along the

Newell Highway Newell Highway is a national highway in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. It provides the major road link between southeastern Queensland and Victoria via central NSW and as such carries large amounts of freight. At in length, the Newell is th ...

, running from

Brisbane Brisbane ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the states and territories of Australia, Australian state of Queensland, and the list of cities in Australia by population, third-most populous city in Australia and Oceania, with a populati ...

Queensland ) , nickname = Sunshine State , image_map = Queensland in Australia.svg , map_caption = Location of Queensland in Australia , subdivision_type = Country , subdivision_name = Australia , established_title = Before federation , established_ ...

Melbourne Melbourne ( ; Boonwurrung/Woiwurrung: ''Narrm'' or ''Naarm'') is the capital and most populous city of the Australian state of Victoria, and the second-most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Its name generally refers to a met ...

Victoria Victoria most commonly refers to: * Victoria (Australia), a state of the Commonwealth of Australia * Victoria, British Columbia, provincial capital of British Columbia, Canada * Victoria (mythology), Roman goddess of Victory * Victoria, Seychelle ...

. In 2007 a bypass road, known as the northern distributor road, was opened for use after decades of planning.

Public transport

Orange Buslines operate a number of routes within the city and a service to the neighbouring city of Bathurst. Newman's Bus Service operates route two on weekdays to Blayney.

Australia Wide Coaches Australia Wide Coaches is an Australian coach company operating charter services, an express service between Orange and Sydney and services in Central West New South Wales under contract to NSW TrainLink. History Australia Wide Coaches was fou ...

operate a daily coach service to

NSW TrainLink NSW TrainLink is a train and coach operator in Australia, providing services throughout New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, along with limited interstate services into Victoria, Queensland and South Australia. Its primary interc ...

operate several coach services with connecting train services from Lithgow to

, as well as a less frequent coach service to

Cootamundra Cootamundra, nicknamed Coota, is a town in the South West Slopes region of New South Wales, Australia and within the Riverina. It is within the Cootamundra-Gundagai Regional Council. At the 2016 Census, Cootamundra had a population of 6,782. ...

for connection to

Air

Orange is also serviced by a regional-class airport,

Orange Airport Orange Regional Airport is located in the Central Tablelands region of New South Wales between the city of Orange and the town of Blayney. It is located in the area known as Huntley, near Spring Hill and approximately from Orange's busines ...

, located approximately 15 km to the south of the city, in an area known as Huntley.

Railways

Orange has two railway stations. The main station, on the Main Western Line to Bourke, was opened in 1877 and is served by the daily

'' Central West XPT'' service between

and

and the weekly ''

Outback Xplorer The Outback Xplorer is an Australian passenger train service operated by NSW TrainLink between Sydney and Broken Hill via the Main Western line. Commencing in March 1996, it was initially a locomotive-pulled service. It ceased in 2000 due to the ...

'' service between Sydney and

Broken Hill Broken Hill is an inland mining city in the far west of outback New South Wales, Australia. It is near the border with South Australia on the crossing of the Barrier Highway (A32) and the Silver City Highway (B79), in the Barrier Range. It is ...

. A smaller station, opened in 1970, known as Orange East Fork, lies on the branch line to Broken Hill was served by the weekly ''

Indian Pacific The ''Indian Pacific'' is a weekly experiential tourism passenger train service that runs in Australia's east–west rail corridor between Sydney, on the shore of the Pacific Ocean, and Perth, on the shore of the Indian Ocean – thus, l ...

'' service to

Perth Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia. It is the fourth most populous city in Australia and Oceania, with a population of 2.1 million (80% of the state) living in Greater Perth in 2020. Perth is ...

but due to low passenger numbers using this station (16 for the entire year 2017) this "bare bones" station is no longer used and the Indian-Pacific no longer stopping between Mt. Victoria and Broken Hill.

Notable residents

Architecture

* John Andrews AO - internationally acclaimed architect resides in the city *

John Blackwood, 11th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye John Francis Blackwood, 11th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye (born 18 October 1944) is an Australian architect and a peer in the peerage of Ireland. The son of Francis Blackwood, 10th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye, by his marriage to Margaret Kirkpat ...

, is an architect who for most of his career practised in Orange.

Business

* James Dalton (1834–1919), an early Australian merchant, pastoralist, and

Roman Catholic Roman or Romans most often refers to: *Rome, the capital city of Italy *Ancient Rome, Roman civilization from 8th century BC to 5th century AD *Roman people, the people of ancient Rome *'' Epistle to the Romans'', shortened to ''Romans'', a lette ...

lay Lay may refer to: Places *Lay Range, a subrange of mountains in British Columbia, Canada *Lay, Loire, a French commune *Lay (river), France *Lay, Iran, a village *Lay, Kansas, United States, an unincorporated community People * Lay (surname) * ...

leader, a key figure in the early development of Orange and district

Film and television

Billy Bevan Billy Bevan (born William Bevan Harris, 29 September 1887 – 26 November 1957) was an Australian-born vaudevillian, who became an American film actor. He appeared in more than 250 American films between 1916 and 1950. Career Bevan was bo ...

(1887–1957), actor, born William Bevan Harris in Orange. *

Mark Furze Mark Furze (born 7 May 1986) is an Australian actor and musician. Career Furze starred in several productions by the Orange, New South Wales, Orange Theatre Company, playing the lead role in a version of ''Oliver!'' aged 10. His first TV appea ...

, a television actor and singer, born in Orange in 1986. *

Elizabeth Lackey Elizabeth Lackey (born 2 March 1971), is an Australian actress sometimes credited under the name Lisa Lackey. Career Lackey grew up in Orange, New South Wales, and attended Orange High School. Lackey was working as a model before she was cas ...

, an actress and model, attended Orange High School in the 1980s.

Food and hospitality

Kate Bracks Katherine Jane Bracks (née Pickett) is an Australian reality television cook. She is the winner of the third series of ''MasterChef Australia''. Bracks, mother of three children, was previously a school teacher. She lives in Orange, New Sou ...

, winner of the third series of ''

MasterChef Australia ''MasterChef Australia'' is an Australian competitive cooking reality show based on the original British ''MasterChef''. It is produced by Endemol Shine Australia and screens on Network 10. Restaurateur and chef Gary Mehigan, chef George Cal ...

'', from Orange

Medicine

Janet Carr Janet Howard Carr (22 May 1933 – 4 November 2014) was an Australian physiotherapist and academic whose research focused on stroke rehabilitation. She was a professor at the University of Sydney and published numerous textbooks. Childhood ...

, physiotherapist and academic, raised in Orange * Anna Windsor (born 1976), Multi Olympian and Commonwealth Games swimmer. Medical Doctor based in Orange.

Music and creative arts

Murray Cook Murray James Cook, AM (born 30 June 1960) is an Australian musician, actor, and Disc jockey. Cook was one of the founding members of the children's band the Wiggles from 1991 to 2012. Cook provided guitar, vocals, and songwriting in the group ...

, a vocalist, songwriter and guitarist; best known as one of the members of

The Wiggles The Wiggles are an Australian children's music group formed in Sydney in 1991. The group are currently composed of Anthony Field, Lachlan Gillespie, Simon Pryce and Tsehay Hawkins, as well as supporting members Evie Ferris, John Pearce, Ca ...

, grew up in Orange * Susan, Crown Princess of Albania (1941–2004), the wife of

Leka, Crown Prince of Albania Leka, Crown Prince of Albania (also known as ''King Leka I''; 5 April 193930 November 2011), was the only son of King Zog I and Queen Geraldine of Albania. He was called Crown Prince Skander at birth. Leka was the pretender to the Kingdom of Alban ...

, educated and taught art at Presbyterian Ladies College, Orange *

Shannon Noll Shannon Noll (born 16 September 1975) is an Australian singer-songwriter who first came to prominence as runner-up of the first season of ''Australian Idol'' in 2003, which led to him being signed to Sony BMG. He has released five top ten albu ...

, a singer; best known for the song ‘What About Me?’, was born in Orange.

Poetry

(1864–1941), poet, born near Orange *

(1901–1971), poet, born in Orange

Police

* Frederick Hanson (1914–1980), former Commissioner of

New South Wales Police The New South Wales Police Force (NSW Police Force; previously the New South Wales Police Service and New South Wales Police) is the primary law enforcement agency of the state of New South Wales, Australia. Divided into Police Area Commands (P ...

, born in Orange

Politics

* Sir

Charles Cutler Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Charles Benjamin Cutler KBE, ED (20 April 1918 – 23 September 2006) was an Australian politician, holding office for 28 years as an elected member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Orange. Cutler was C ...

(1918–2006), a former politician including holding office for 28 years as an elected Member for

Orange Orange most often refers to: *Orange (fruit), the fruit of the tree species '' Citrus'' × ''sinensis'' ** Orange blossom, its fragrant flower *Orange (colour), from the color of an orange, occurs between red and yellow in the visible spectrum * ...

, and former

Deputy Premier A deputy prime minister or vice prime minister is, in some countries, a government minister who can take the position of acting prime minister when the prime minister is temporarily absent. The position is often likened to that of a vice president, ...

* J. J. Dalton (1861–1924), the second son of James Dalton, the first Australian-born member of the

British Parliament The Parliament of the United Kingdom is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown Dependencies and the British Overseas Territories. It meets at the Palace of Westminster, London. It alone possesses legislative supremacy ...

, born in Orange *

Tim Gartrell Tim Gartrell (born 1970) is an Australian political advisor currently serving as the Chief of Staff to the Prime Minister of Australia under Anthony Albanese. He previously served as the National Secretary of the Australian Labor Party betwee ...

, former National Secretary of the

Australian Labor Party The Australian Labor Party (ALP), also simply known as Labor, is the major centre-left political party in Australia, one of two major parties in Australian politics, along with the centre-right Liberal Party of Australia. The party forms the f ...

and now Chief Executive of GenerationOne, born in Orange in 1970 * Sir Neville Howse, VC (1863–1930), the first Australian recipient of the

Victoria Cross The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest and most prestigious award of the British honours system. It is awarded for valour "in the presence of the enemy" to members of the British Armed Forces and may be awarded posthumously. It was previously ...

, a physician living in Orange, twice elected Mayor, and later federal politician

Sports

Robbie Abel Robbie Abel (born 4 July 1989) is an Australian rugby union coach and former professional rugby union player who currently coaches forwards for the Utah Warriors in Major League Rugby. He previously played at hooker for NSW, Melbourne Rebel ...

, professional

rugby union Rugby union, commonly known simply as rugby, is a close-contact team sport that originated at Rugby School in the first half of the 19th century. One of the two codes of rugby football, it is based on running with the ball in hand. In its m ...

footballer, born in Orange in 1989 *

Jason Belmonte Jason Belmonte (born 29 July 1983) is an Australian professional ten-pin bowler. He plays on the PBA Tour in the United States and in world events. He is known for being one of the first bowlers to gain media attention for using the two hand ...

, professional tenpin bowler, born in Orange in 1983 * Edwina Bone, professional hockey player for Australia, was born in Orange *

Darren Britt Darren Britt (born 9 October 1969) is an Australian former rugby league footballer who played as a in the 1990s and 2000s. He played for Western Suburbs and the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs in the NRL. He also represented the Australian na ...

, former professional

rugby league Rugby league football, commonly known as just rugby league and sometimes football, footy, rugby or league, is a full-contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular field measuring 68 metres (75 yards) wide and 112 ...

footballer, born in Orange in 1969 *

Tino Fa'asuamaleaui Tino Fa'asuamaleaui () (born 16 February 2000) is a professional rugby league footballer who captains the Gold Coast Titans playing as a lock and prop forward in the NRL. He has played for Samoa and Australia at international level. He previo ...

, Professional rugby league player, born in Orange in 2000 * Adam Clune, professional rugby league player, born in Orange in 1995 *

Andrew Dawes Andrew Dawes (February 7, 1940 – October 30, 2022) was a Canadian violinist. He was known for his performances with the Orford String Quartet. Early life and education Dawes was born in High River, Alberta.Curtin Call: A Photographer's Candi ...

, Australian Paralympic coach, born in Orange in 1969 * Jo Garey, Australian cricketer 1995, lives in Orange. *

Bob Lindfield Robert Jesse Lindfield (1901–1959) was an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1920s and 1930s. Background Lindfield was born in Orange, New South Wales on . Playing career Lindfield came to Western Suburbs in 1923. He pla ...

, professional rugby league player, born in Orange in 1901 * David Lyons, professional rugby union player, born in Orange in 1980 *

Phoebe Litchfield Phoebe Litchfield (born 18 April 2003) is an Australian cricketer who plays as a left-handed batter and occasional right-arm leg break bowler. She plays for the New South Wales Breakers in the Women's National Cricket League (WNCL) and the S ...

, Australian cricketer, lives in Orange. * James Maloney, professional rugby league player, born in Orange in 1986 * Ted McFadden born in Orange 1880 played in the inaugural Balmain Tigers Rugby League Team (1908–1910) *

Daniel Mortimer Daniel Mortimer (born 13 June 1989) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played as a or for the Leigh Centurions in the Betfred Championship. He previously played for the Parramatta Eels, Gold Coast Titans, Sy ...

, professional rugby league player, born in Orange in 1989 * Peter Mortimer, father of Daniel Mortimer, a former professional

footballer and manager, now news reporter and winery owner, living in the Orange region *

Lucas Parsons Lucas John Kendall Parsons (born 4 October 1969) is an Australian former professional golfer. Parsons was born in Orange, New South Wales. As an amateur, he won both the Australian and New Zealand Amateur Championships in 1991. He turned prof ...

, professional golfer, born in Orange in 1969 *

Jack Wighton Jack Wighton (born 4 February 1993) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer who plays as a for the Canberra Raiders in the NRL and Australia at international level. He has played at representative level for the Indigenous All ...

, professional rugby league player, born in Orange in 1993

Heritage listings

Orange has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: * 215-223 Anson Street: Uniting Church and Kindergarten Hall, Orange * 3-25 Bathurst Road: Bowen Terrace * 84 Byng Street:

Union Bank of Australia building, Orange The Union Bank of Australia building is a heritage-listed former school and bank building and now offices and restaurant at 84 Byng Street, Orange, City of Orange, New South Wales, Australia. It is also known as Union Bank of Australia (former) ...

* Forest Road: Bloomfield Hospital, Orange * Peisley Street:

Orange railway station, New South Wales Orange railway station is a heritage-listed former railway bridge and now railway station located on the Main Western line on Peisley Street, Orange in the City of Orange local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1 ...

* 24-26 Summer Street:

Cook Park, Orange Cook Park is a heritage-listed urban park at 24-26 Summer Street, Orange, City of Orange, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed and built by Alfred Patterson from 1873 to 1950. It is also known as Orange Botanic Garden. It was added to t ...

* 29 Summer Street:

Berrilea Berrilea is a heritage-listed residence at 29 Summer Street, Orange, City of Orange, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by John Job (J. J.) Copeman and built by J. H. Gain. It is also known as Berrilee and Tabratong. The property is ow ...

* 222 Summer Street: Orange Post Office * Woodward Street: Duntryleague

Water resources

Orange has several water sources used for domestic consumption, both currently in use and formerly used. Currently Suma Park Dam and Spring Creek Reservoir are used for domestic water consumption. Two other dams, Lake Canobolas and Gosling Creek Reservoir, were previously used for domestic water consumption; however, they are now used for recreational purposes. The city is currently on Level 2 water restrictions, following good rain (Sept 2020). Orange City Council is undertaking a number of strategies to supplement its supply, including stormwater harvesting. The first batch of harvested stormwater was released into Suma Park Dam on 21 April 2009. The harvested stormwater was tested by Analytical Laboratory Services, an independent laboratory based in Sydney. ALS tested for 90 potential pollutants. The tests revealed that the water quality met all targets. The first batch contained 14 megalitres. It is believed to be an Australian first for harvesting stormwater for potable use. The hardware is in place, operating rules have been developed and environmental factors and impacts on downstream users have been considered. A three-month trial will ensure all these elements are working together to ensure high water quality and environmental standards are met. There are several phases involved in the commissioning period. The hardware, which includes three separate pumping stations, creek flow monitoring points and advanced electronics including fibre optic cables, will undergo further operating tests. The other elements of the scheme include a weir on Blackmans Swamp Creek, which creates a 3 megalitre pool and the site for the first pump station, a 200 megalitre dam and two 17 megalitre batching ponds. The pumps on the creek transfer stormwater to the 200 megalitre dam at a rate of up to 450 litres per second and are designed to rapidly extract peak storm flows from the creek. The operating rules require that a base flow immediately downstream in the creek must be maintained. The creek flow monitoring points ensure these standards are met. The monitoring station also measures when harvesting can commence. The trigger is flows passing the monitor in Blackmans Swamp Creek exceeding 1000 litres per second. The local mine, Cadia-Ridgeway Mine, uses the city's treated effluent to supplement its water supply. Orange is currently planning to implement a pipeline from the Macquarie river to boost the town water supply. This is hotly debated, and researchers believe that it will endanger threatened wetland areas. Duntryleague golf club guesthouse Orange NSW

Duntryleague golf club guesthouse Orange NSW

Historic buildings

*Anson House *Australia Cinema *Bowen Terrace *Centrepoint Arcade Building *Cook Park Greenhouses and caretakers houses *Dalton Bros Buildings (Myer Building: facade only remains) *Hotel Canobolas (a fine example of Art-Deco style, erected 1939) *Hotel Orange *Holy Trinity Anglican Church *Memorial Hall *Metropolitan Hotel *Orange Court House *Orange Fire Station *Orange Post Office *Orange Public School *Orange Town Hall *Royal Hotel *Saint Joseph's Church *Scout Hall *The former Strand Theatre *Wyoming Court

Historic houses

*''Strathroy'' Manor *''Duntryleague'' House *''Kangaroobie'' Mansion *''Croagh Patrick'' *''Woloroi House'' *''Galbally'' *''Killenny'' *''Mena'' *''Ammerdown'' House *''Glenroi'' House (no longer standing, demolished for

McDonald's McDonald's Corporation is an American Multinational corporation, multinational fast food chain store, chain, founded in 1940 as a restaurant operated by Richard and Maurice McDonald, in San Bernardino, California, United States. They rechri ...

)

Sister cities

Orange is a sister city to: *

, United States (1963) *

Ushiku is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 84,675 in 35,082 households and a population density of 1437 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 29.5%. The total area of the ...

, Japan (1990) *

Mount Hagen Mount Hagen ( tpi, Maun Hagen) is the third largest city in Papua New Guinea, with a population of 46,250. It is the capital of the Western Highlands, Papua New Guinea, Western Highlands Province and is located in the large fertile Wahgi Valley in ...

, Papua New Guinea (1985) *

Timaru Timaru (; mi, Te Tihi-o-Maru) is a port city in the southern Canterbury Region of New Zealand, located southwest of Christchurch and about northeast of Dunedin on the eastern Pacific coast of the South Island. The Timaru urban area is home to ...

, New Zealand (1986)

References

External links

Orange City Council
{{Authority control 1846 establishments in Australia Populated places established in 1846 Cities in New South Wales Towns in the Central West (New South Wales) Central Tablelands City of Orange Mining towns in New South Wales Proposed sites for national capital of Australia