Mureș County (, ro, Județul Mures, hu, Maros megye) is a county (''
județ'') of
Romania
Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central Europe, Central, Eastern Europe, Eastern, and Southeast Europe, Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, S ...
, in the
historical region
Historical regions (or historical areas) are geographical regions which at some point in time had a cultural, ethnic
An ethnic group or an ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that ...
of
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...
, with the administrative centre in
Târgu Mureș
Târgu Mureș (, ; hu, Marosvásárhely ) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the List of cities and towns in Romania, 16th largest Romanian city, with 134,290 inhabitants as of the 2011 Romania ...
. The county was established in 1968, after the administrative reorganization that re-introduced the historical ''judeţ'' (
county
A county is a geographic region of a country used for administrative or other purposesChambers Dictionary, L. Brookes (ed.), 2005, Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh in certain modern nations. The term is derived from the Old French ...
) system, still used today. This reform eliminated the previous
Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region, which had been created in 1952 within the
People's Republic of Romania
The Socialist Republic of Romania ( ro, Republica Socialistă România, RSR) was a Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist state that existed officially in Romania from 1947 to 1989. From 1947 to 1965, the state was known as the Romanian People ...
. Mureș County has a vibrant multicultural fabric that includes
Hungarian-speaking Székelys and
Transylvanian Saxons
The Transylvanian Saxons (german: Siebenbürger Sachsen; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Siweberjer Såksen''; ro, Sași ardeleni, sași transilvăneni/transilvani; hu, Erdélyi szászok) are a people of German ethnicity who settled in Transylvania ( ...
, with a rich heritage of
fortified churches and towns.
Name
In
Hungarian, it is known as ''Maros megye'' (), and in
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
** Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ge ...
as ''Kreis Mieresch''. Under
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
, a county with an similar name (
Maros-Torda County
Maros-Torda was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Romania (eastern Transylvania) and has been administratively succeeded by county Mureș which consist of about half the territory of ...
, ro, Comitatul Mureş-Turda) was created in 1876. There was
a county with the same name under the
Kingdom of Romania
The Kingdom of Romania ( ro, Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed in Romania from 13 March ( O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian ...
, and a
Mureș-Magyar Autonomous Region (1960–1968) under the
Socialist Republic of Romania
The Socialist Republic of Romania ( ro, Republica Socialistă România, RSR) was a Marxist–Leninist one-party socialist state that existed officially in Romania from 1947 to 1989. From 1947 to 1965, the state was known as the Romanian People ...
.
Geography
The county has a total area of .
The northeastern side of the county consists of the
Călimani and
Gurghiu Mountains and the sub-Carpathian hills, members of the
Inner Eastern Carpathians
Divisions of the Carpathians are a categorization of the Carpathian mountains system.
Below is a detailed overview of the major subdivisions and ranges of the Carpathian Mountains. The Carpathians are a "subsystem" of a bigger Alps-Himalaya ...
. The rest of the county is part of the
Transylvanian Plateau
The Transylvanian Plateau ( ro, Podișul Transilvaniei; hu, Erdélyi-medence) is a plateau in central Romania.
The plateau lies within and takes its name from the historical region of Transylvania, and is almost entirely surrounded by the East ...
, with deep but wide valleys.
The main river crossing in the county is the
Mureș River Mureș may refer to:
* Mureș County, Romania
* Mureș (river) in Romania and Hungary (''Maros'')
* Mureș culture, a Bronze Age culture from Romania
See also
* Târgu Mureș, the capital of Mureș County
* Ocna Mureș
Ocna Mureș (; la, Sali ...
. The
Târnava Mare River and the
Târnava Mică River also cross the county.
Mureș County is bordered by seven other counties: Suceava, Harghita, Brașov, Sibiu, Alba, Cluj and Bistrița-Năsăud.
Neighbours
*
Harghita County
Harghita (, hu, Hargita megye, ) is a county (județ) in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea Ciuc.
Demographics 2002 census
In 2002, Harghita County had a population of 326,222 and a populatio ...
in the East.
*
Alba County and
Cluj County
Cluj County (; german: Kreis Klausenburg, hu, Kolozs megye) is a county ( județ) of Romania, in Transylvania. Its seat ( ro, Oraș reședință de județ) is Cluj-Napoca (german: Klausenburg).
Name
In Hungarian, it is known as ''Kolozs megye ...
in the West.
*
Bistrița-Năsăud County
Bistrița-Năsăud () is a county (județ) of Romania, in Transylvania, with its capital city at Bistrița.
Name
In Hungarian, it is known as ''Beszterce-Naszód megye'', and in German as ''Kreis Bistritz-Nassod''. The name is identical with ...
and
Suceava County
Suceava County () is a county ('' ro, județ'') of Romania. Most of its territory lies in the southern part of the historical region of Bukovina, while the remainder forms part of Western Moldavia proper.
The county seat is the historical town ...
in the North.
*
Sibiu County
Sibiu County () is a county ( ro, județ) of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. Its county seat ( ro, reședință de județ) is the namesake town of Sibiu (german: Hermannstadt).
Name
In Hungarian, it is known as ''Szeben ...
and
Brașov County
Brașov County () is a county ( județ) of Romania, in Transylvania. Its capital city is Brașov. The county incorporates within its boundaries most of the Medieval "lands" (''țări'') Burzenland and Făgăraș.
Name
In Hungarian, it is known ...
in the South.
Demographics
In 2011, Mureș had a population of 550,846 and the
population density
Population density (in agriculture: standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical term.Matt RosenberPopul ...
was .
In terms of religion:
*
Romanian Orthodox
The Romanian Orthodox Church (ROC; ro, Biserica Ortodoxă Română, ), or Patriarchate of Romania, is an autocephalous Eastern Orthodox church in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox Christian churches, and one of the nine patriarchates i ...
– 53.3%
*
Reformed Church
Calvinism (also called the Reformed Tradition, Reformed Protestantism, Reformed Christianity, or simply Reformed) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice set down by John Cal ...
– 27%
*
Roman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
– 9.5%
* Other Christian denominations – 8.2%
* Jewish, Muslim,
Atheist
Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities. Less broadly, atheism is a rejection of the belief that any deities exist. In an even narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there no ...
,
Non-religious
Irreligion or nonreligion is the absence or rejection of religion, or indifference to it. Irreligion takes many forms, ranging from the casual and unaware to full-fledged philosophies such as atheism and agnosticism, secular humanism and anti ...
, other, or undeclared – 1.9%
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Tourism
Some of the main tourist attractions in the county are:
* The old city of
Târgu Mureș
Târgu Mureș (, ; hu, Marosvásárhely ) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the List of cities and towns in Romania, 16th largest Romanian city, with 134,290 inhabitants as of the 2011 Romania ...
* The medieval city of
Sighișoara
Sighișoara (; hu, Segesvár ; german: Schäßburg ; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Schäsbrich''; yi, שעסבורג, Shesburg; la, Castrum Sex) is a city on the Târnava Mare River in Mureș County, Romania. Located in the historic region of Transy ...
*
Sovata
Sovata (; hu, Szováta; Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a town in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. Three villages are administered by the town: Căpeți (''Kopac''), Ilieși (''Illyésmező''), and Săcădat (''Szakadát''). In 2004, the vill ...
resort
* The city of
Reghin
Reghin (; hu, Szászrégen, or ; german: (Sächsisch) Regen) is a city in Mureș County, Transylvania, central Romania, on the Mureș River. As of 2011, it had a population of 33,281.Rezultatele finale ale Recensământului din 2011:
Locat ...
* The
medieval fortified church of
Saschiz
Saschiz (german: Keisd or Hünenburg; hu, Szászkézd, Hungarian pronunciation: ; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Keist'') is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, central Romania. It has a population of 2,048: 88 percent Romanians, 5 percent Germans ...
*
Călimani Mountains
The Călimani Mountains ( ro, Munții Călimani, hu, Kelemen-havasok) are the largest volcanic complex of the Carpathian Mountains in Transylvania, Romania. Geologically they belong to the Căliman-Harghita Mountains group of the Inner Eastern Ca ...
–
Gurghiu Mountains
300px, Carpathian Mountains in Romania. The Gurghiu Mountains are to the north of the center of this image.
The Gurghiu Mountains (Romanian: Munții Gurghiu, Hungarian: Görgény) are a range in the Căliman-Harghita Mountains of the Eastern C ...
Media
TV stations
The only cable provider in Târgu-Mureș is
RCS&RDS
Digi Communications, also known as RCS & RDS, is a Romanian telecommunication holding company operating in Romania, Hungary, Spain and Italy. Digi was founded by Zoltán Teszári, who is the majority owner, and it is listed on the Bucharest Sto ...
, in Reghin is
Gliga CATV, and in Sighișoara
Teleson .
Radio stations
Târgu-Mureș stations
Print
Newspapers and magazines
* Cuvântul Liber
* Zi de Zi
* Ziarul de Mureș
* Népújság
* Krónika
* Vásárhelyi Hírlap
Economy
The predominant industries in the county are:
* Wood industry.
* Food industry.
* Textile industry.
* Glass and ceramics industry.
* Construction materials.
* Musical instruments (
Reghin
Reghin (; hu, Szászrégen, or ; german: (Sächsisch) Regen) is a city in Mureș County, Transylvania, central Romania, on the Mureș River. As of 2011, it had a population of 33,281.Rezultatele finale ale Recensământului din 2011:
Locat ...
).
Mureș County and
Sibiu County
Sibiu County () is a county ( ro, județ) of Romania, in the historical region of Transylvania. Its county seat ( ro, reședință de județ) is the namesake town of Sibiu (german: Hermannstadt).
Name
In Hungarian, it is known as ''Szeben ...
together produce about 50% of the
natural gas
Natural gas (also called fossil gas or simply gas) is a naturally occurring mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons consisting primarily of methane in addition to various smaller amounts of other higher alkanes. Low levels of trace gases like carbo ...
developed in Romania.
Salt
Salt is a mineral composed primarily of sodium chloride (NaCl), a chemical compound belonging to the larger class of salts; salt in the form of a natural crystalline mineral is known as rock salt or halite. Salt is present in vast quantitie ...
is also extracted in the county.
Politics
The Mureș County Council, renewed at the
2020 local elections, consists of 34 counsellors, with the following party composition:
Administrative divisions
Mureș County has 4 municipalities, 7 towns and 91 communes.
* Municipalities
**
Târgu Mureș
Târgu Mureș (, ; hu, Marosvásárhely ) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the List of cities and towns in Romania, 16th largest Romanian city, with 134,290 inhabitants as of the 2011 Romania ...
– county seat; population: 134,290 (as of 2011)
**
Reghin
Reghin (; hu, Szászrégen, or ; german: (Sächsisch) Regen) is a city in Mureș County, Transylvania, central Romania, on the Mureș River. As of 2011, it had a population of 33,281.Rezultatele finale ale Recensământului din 2011:
Locat ...
**
Sighișoara
Sighișoara (; hu, Segesvár ; german: Schäßburg ; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Schäsbrich''; yi, שעסבורג, Shesburg; la, Castrum Sex) is a city on the Târnava Mare River in Mureș County, Romania. Located in the historic region of Transy ...
**
Târnăveni
Târnăveni (, historically Diciosânmartin; Hungarian: ''Dicsőszentmárton'', ; German: ''Sankt Martin'', earlier ''Marteskirch'') is a city in Mureș County, central Romania. It lies on the Târnava Mică River in central Transylvania. The ci ...
* Towns
**
Iernut
Iernut ( hu, Radnót, ) is a town in Mureș County, central Transylvania, Romania. It administers eight villages: Cipău (''Maroscsapó''), Deag (''Marosdég''), Lechința (''Maroslekence''), Oarba de Mureș (''Marosorbó''), Porumbac (''Porumbák ...
**
Luduș
Luduș (; Hungarian: ''Marosludas'' or ''Ludas''; Hungarian pronunciation: , German: ''Ludasch'') is a town in Transylvania, Romania in Mureș County, 44 km south-west from the county's capital Târgu Mureș.
Six villages are administered ...
**
Miercurea Nirajului
Miercurea Nirajului ( hu, Nyárádszereda ) is a town in Mureș County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania.
The following seven villages are administered by the town:
* Beu / Székelybő
* Dum ...
**
Sângeorgiu de Pădure
Sângeorgiu de Pădure (English (lit.): Saint George on the Heath, hu, Erdőszentgyörgy ; german: Sankt Georgen auf der Heide) is a town in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania.
Bezid (''Bözöd''), Bezidu Nou (''Bözödújfalu''), and Loțu (' ...
**
Sărmașu
Sărmașu ( hu, Nagysármás; Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a town in Mureș County, central Transylvania, Romania.
Governance
The town administers seven villages: Balda (''Báld''), Larga (''Lárga''), Moruț (''Marocháza''), Sărmășel (''Ki ...
**
Sovata
Sovata (; hu, Szováta; Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a town in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. Three villages are administered by the town: Căpeți (''Kopac''), Ilieși (''Illyésmező''), and Săcădat (''Szakadát''). In 2004, the vill ...
**
Ungheni
Ungheni () is a municipality in Moldova. With a population of 35,157, it is the seventh largest town in Moldova and the seat of Ungheni District.
There is a bridge across the Prut and a border checkpoint to Romania. There is another border ...
* Communes
**
Acățari
**
Adămuș
Adămuș ( hu, Ádámos; Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a Commune in Romania, commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Adămuș, Chinciuș (''Kincses''), Cornești (''Sövényfalva''), Crăiești (''Magyarki ...
**
Albești
**
Aluniș
**
Apold
Apold (german: Trapold) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Apold, Daia (''Denndorf''; ''Dálya'' or ''Szászdálya''), Șaeș (''Schaas''; ''Segesd''), and Vulcan (''Wolkendorf''; ''Volkány'').
...
**
Ațintiș
Ațintiș ( hu, Cintos, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Ațintiș, Botez (''Batizháza''), Cecălaca (''Csekelaka''), Iștihaza (''Istvánháza''), Maldaoci (''Madav ...
**
Bahnea
Bahnea ( hu, Bonyha; Hungarian pronunciation: , until 1898 ''Szászbonyha''; German: ''Bachnen'') is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Bahnea, Bernadea (''Bernád''), Cund (''Kund''; ''Reussdorf'' ...
**
Band
Band or BAND may refer to:
Places
*Bánd, a village in Hungary
*Band, Iran, a village in Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Band, Mureș, a commune in Romania
*Band-e Majid Khan, a village in Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, I ...
**
Batoș
**
Băgaciu
Băgaciu (in Hungarian Szászbogács, : ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Băgaciu and Deleni (''Magyarsáros'').
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, Băgaciu has a population of 2,47 ...
**
Băla
**
Bălăușeri
Bălăușeri ( hu, Balavásár; Hungarian pronunciation: ; german: Bladenmarkt) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of six villages: Agrișteu, Bălăușeri, Chendu, Dumitreni, Filitelnic and Senereuș.
Histor ...
**
Beica de Jos
**
Bereni
Bereni ( hu, Székelybere; Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It became an independent commune along with 6 other villages when it split from Măgherani (Nyárádmagyarós) in 2004. It has an absolut ...
**
Bichiș
Bichiș ( hu, Magyarbükkös, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Bichiș, Gâmbuț (''Gombostelke''), Nandra (''Lándor'') and Ozd (''Magyarózd''). Its population was 1 ...
**
Bogata
**
Brâncovenești
**
Breaza
Breaza () is a town in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania. The town center consists of at least two former villages, ''Podu Vadului'' and ''Breaza de Sus'', which were later merged. Today, ten villages are administratively part of the town: Breaza ...
**
Ceuașu de Câmpie
Ceuașu de Câmpie ( hu, Mezőcsávás ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of eight villages:
*Bozed / Bazéd
*Câmpenița / Mezőfele
*Ceuașu de Câmpie / Mezőcsávás (namesake of the commune)
*Culpiu / Mezőkölp ...
**
Chețani
**
Chibed
**
Chiheru de Jos
**
Coroisânmărtin
**
Corunca
Corunca ( hu, Koronka, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Romania. It lies in the heart of Transylvania.
Component villages
Corunca became an independent commune when the component villages split from Livezeni in 2004. ...
**
Cozma
**
Crăciunești
**
Cucerdea
**
Crăiești
**
Cristești
**
Cuci
**
Daneș
Daneș in ( Hungarian: ''Dános'', Hungarian pronunciation: ; german: Dunesdorf) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania, near Sighișoara. It is composed of four villages: Criș, Daneș, Seleuș and Stejărenii (''Beșa'' until 1960). ...
**
Deda
**
Eremitu
**
Ernei
Ernei ( hu, Nagyernye ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania, composed of six villages: Călușeri (''Székelykál''), Dumbrăvioara (''Sáromberke''), Ernei, Icland (''Ikland''), Săcăreni (''Székes''), and Sângeru de Pădure ...
**
Fântânele
**
Fărăgău
**
Gălești
**
Gănești
Gănești ( hu, Vámosgálfalva, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Gănești, Păucișoara (''Küküllőpócsfalva''), Seuca (''Szőkefalva'') and Sub Pădure (''Erdő ...
**
Gheorghe Doja
**
Ghindari
Ghindari ( hu, Makfalva, Hungarian pronunciation: ; german: Eicheldorf) is a commune in Mureș County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania.
Component villages
The commune is composed of five ...
**
Glodeni
Glodeni (; russian: Глодяны; pl, Głodziany; uk, Глодяни) is a city in the northwest of Moldova; it is the seat of Glodeni District. Its population as of 2012 was 11,600. One village, Stîrcea, is administered by the city.
Medi ...
**
Gornești
Gornești (formerly ''Ghernesig''; hu, Gernyeszeg, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of nine villages:
* Gornești
* Iara de Mureș / Marosjára
* Ilioara / Kisillye
* Mura Mare / Nagyszederj ...
**
Grebenișu de Câmpie
**
Gurghiu
**
Hodac
**
Hodoșa
Hodoșa ( hu, Székelyhodos or colloquially ''Hodos'', Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of four villages:
*Hodoșa
*Ihod / Ehed
*Isla / Iszló
*Sâmbriaș / Jobbágytelke
It formed part of ...
**
Ibănești
**
Iclănzel
**
Ideciu de Jos
Ideciu de Jos ( hu, Alsóidecs, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Deleni (''Oroszidecs''), Ideciu de Jos and Ideciu de Sus (''Felsőidecs''). The route of the Via Tra ...
**
Livezeni
**
Lunca
**
Lunca Bradului
Lunca Bradului ( hu, Palotailva, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Lunca Bradului, Neagra (''Nyágra'') and Sălard (''Szalárd'').
The right tributary Ilva flows int ...
**
Mădăraș
**
Măgherani
**
Mica
Micas ( ) are a group of silicate minerals whose outstanding physical characteristic is that individual mica crystals can easily be split into extremely thin elastic plates. This characteristic is described as perfect basal cleavage. Mica is ...
**
Miheșu de Câmpie
**
Nadeș
Nadeș ( hu, Szásznádas, Hungarian pronunciation: ; german: Nadesch) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Măgheruș (''Küküllőmagyarós''), Nadeș, Pipea (''Pipe'') and Țigmandru (''Cikmá ...
**
Neaua
Neaua ( hu, Havad, ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of five villages:
*Ghinești / Geges
*Neaua
*Rigmani / Rigmány
*Sânsimion / Nyárádszentsimon
*Vădaș / Vadasd
Demographics
The commune has an absolute Szé ...
**
Ogra
Ogra ( hu, Marosugra or colloquially ''Ugra'', pronounced: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Dileu Vechi (''Oláhdellő''), Giuluș (''Gyulas''), Lăscud (''Lackod''), Ogra, and Vaideiu (''Mez ...
**
Papiu Ilarian
**
Pănet
**
Păsăreni
Păsăreni (, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of three villages:
*Bolintineni / Nyárádbálintfalva
*Gălățeni / Szentgerice
*Păsăreni
Demographics
According to the 2011 census, it h ...
**
Petelea
Petelea (german: Birk; hu, Petele, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania that is composed of two villages: Habic (''Hétbükk'', meaning "Seven Beech Trees" in Hungarian) and Petelea. It has a population o ...
**
Pogăceaua
Pogăceaua ( hu, Mezőpagocsa ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of ten villages: Bologaia (''Balogéja''), Ciulea (''Csulja''), Deleni (''Ökröstó''), Fântâna Babii, Pârâu Crucii, Pogăceaua, Scurta, Sicele, Val ...
**
Râciu
**
Răstolița
Răstolița ( hu, Ratosnya, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania that is composed of five villages: Andreneasa (''Andrástelep''), Borzia (''Borzia''), Gălăoaia (''Galonya''), Iod (''Jód'') and Răs ...
**
Rușii-Munți
**
Sâncraiu de Mureș
Sâncraiu de Mureș ( hu, Marosszentkirály, Hungarian pronunciation: meaning "Holy King on the Mureș River") is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of two villages:
*Nazna / Náznánfalva
*Sâncraiu de Mureș
Around 1930, ...
**
Sângeorgiu de Mureș
Sângeorgiu de Mureș ( hu, Marosszentgyörgy ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of three villages: Cotuș (''Csejd''), Sângeorgiu de Mureș, and Tofalău (''Tófalva'').
Geography
The commune is situated on the Tran ...
**
Sânger
Sânger ( hu, Mezőszengyel ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania that is composed of seven villages:
Until 1996 ''Chimitelnic''.
Sânger lies on the Transylvanian Plateau. It is located in the western part of Mureș County, ...
**
Sânpaul
**
Sânpetru de Câmpie
Sânpetru de Câmpie ( hu, Uzdiszentpéter, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania that is composed of six villages: Bârlibaș (''Barlabás''), Dâmbu (''Meződomb''), Satu Nou (''Strinatanya''), Sângeorg ...
**
Sântana de Mureș
**
Sărățeni
**
Saschiz
Saschiz (german: Keisd or Hünenburg; hu, Szászkézd, Hungarian pronunciation: ; Transylvanian Saxon: ''Keist'') is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, central Romania. It has a population of 2,048: 88 percent Romanians, 5 percent Germans ...
**
Solovăstru
Solovăstru ( hu, Görgényoroszfalu, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania that is composed of two villages, Jabenița (''Görgénysóakna'') and Solovăstru.
The commune is located in the north-central ...
**
Stânceni
**
Suplac
**
Suseni
**
Șăulia
**
Șincai
**
Tăureni
Tăureni ( hu, Mezőtóhát) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania that is composed of three villages: Fânațe (''Kincstáribirtok''), Moara de Jos (''Csontostanya'') and Tăureni. It has a population of 1,049: 91% Romanians, 7% ...
**
Valea Largă
Valea Largă (formerly ''Țicud''; hu, Mezőceked, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania that is composed of nine villages: Grădini, Mălăești, Poduri, Valea Frăției (''Frátaipatak''), Valea Glodulu ...
**
Vânători
**
Vărgata
Vărgata ( hu, Csíkfalva, Hungarian pronunciation: ) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of five villages:
*Grâușorul / Búzaháza
*Mitrești / Nyárádszentmárton
*Vadu / Vadad
*Valea / Jobbágyfalva
*Vărgata
His ...
**
Vătava
**
Vețca
**
Viișoara
**
Voivodeni
Voivodeni (also ''Sânioana'' or ''Sântioana''; hu, Vajdaszentivány, Szentivány; german: Johannisdorf, Johannesdorf) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Toldal (''Toldalag'') and Voivodeni. T ...
**
Zagăr
**
Zau de Câmpie
Zau de Câmpie ( hu, Mezőzáh, Hungarian pronunciation:) is a commune in Mureș County, Transylvania, Romania composed of nine villages:
The commune lies in the Transylvanian Plain. It is located in the western part of the county, from the tow ...
Historical county
Historically, Mureş-Turda County was located in the central-northern part of
Greater Romania
The term Greater Romania ( ro, România Mare) usually refers to the borders of the Kingdom of Romania in the interwar period, achieved after the Great Union. It also refers to a pan-nationalist idea.
As a concept, its main goal is the creation ...
, in the central part of
Transylvania
Transylvania ( ro, Ardeal or ; hu, Erdély; german: Siebenbürgen) is a historical and cultural region in Central Europe, encompassing central Romania. To the east and south its natural border is the Carpathian Mountains, and to the west the Ap ...
. The capital was
Târgu Mureș
Târgu Mureș (, ; hu, Marosvásárhely ) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the List of cities and towns in Romania, 16th largest Romanian city, with 134,290 inhabitants as of the 2011 Romania ...
. After the administrative unification law in 1925, it was renamed to Mureș County, and the territory was reorganized. It was bordered on the south by
Târnava-Mică County
Târnava-Mică County was a county (Romanian: '' județ'') in the Kingdom of Romania, the successor to Kis-Küküllő County of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its capital was Diciosânmartin (now Târnăveni, in Mureș County) until 1926, and afterward ...
, on the southwest by
Turda County, on the west by
Cluj County
Cluj County (; german: Kreis Klausenburg, hu, Kolozs megye) is a county ( județ) of Romania, in Transylvania. Its seat ( ro, Oraș reședință de județ) is Cluj-Napoca (german: Klausenburg).
Name
In Hungarian, it is known as ''Kolozs megye ...
, on the north by
Năsăud County
Năsăud County is one of the historic counties of Transylvania, Romania. The county seat was Bistrița.
Geography
Năsăud County was located in the north-central part of Greater Romania, in the north of Transylvania, covering . Currently, the te ...
, on the northeast with the counties of
Câmpulung
Câmpulung (also spelled ''Cîmpulung'', , german: Langenau, Old Romanian ''Dlăgopole'', ''Длъгополе'' (from Middle Bulgarian)), or ''Câmpulung Muscel'', is a municipality in the Argeș County, Muntenia, Romania. It is situated amon ...
and
Neamț, and on the southeast with the counties of
Ciuc and
Odorhei. Most of the territory of the historical county is found in the present Mureș County, except for the northeastern area, which is located in
Harghita County
Harghita (, hu, Hargita megye, ) is a county (județ) in the center of Romania, in eastern Transylvania, with the county seat at Miercurea Ciuc.
Demographics 2002 census
In 2002, Harghita County had a population of 326,222 and a populatio ...
, and the northwestern area in
Bistrița-Năsăud County
Bistrița-Năsăud () is a county (județ) of Romania, in Transylvania, with its capital city at Bistrița.
Name
In Hungarian, it is known as ''Beszterce-Naszód megye'', and in German as ''Kreis Bistritz-Nassod''. The name is identical with ...
today.
History
Prior to
World War I
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
, the territory of the county belonged to
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire,, the Dual Monarchy, or Austria, was a constitutional monarchy and great power in Central Europe between 1867 and 1918. It was formed with the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of ...
and identical with the
Maros-Torda County
Maros-Torda was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary. Its territory is now in central Romania (eastern Transylvania) and has been administratively succeeded by county Mureș which consist of about half the territory of ...
of the
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from the Middle Ages into the 20th century. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen ...
. The territory of Mureș County was transferred to Romania from Hungary as successor state to Austria-Hungary in 1920 under the
Treaty of Trianon
The Treaty of Trianon (french: Traité de Trianon, hu, Trianoni békeszerződés, it, Trattato del Trianon) was prepared at the Paris Peace Conference (1919–1920), Paris Peace Conference and was signed in the Grand Trianon château in ...
.
In 1938,
King Carol II
Carol II (4 April 1953) was King of Romania from 8 June 1930 until his forced abdication on 6 September 1940. The eldest son of Ferdinand I of Romania, Ferdinand I, he became crown prince upon the death of his grand-uncle, King Carol I of Roman ...
promulgated a new 1938 Constitution of Romania, Constitution, and subsequently he had the administrative division of the Romanian territory changed. Former administrative divisions of Romania#Ținuturi: 1938–1940, 10 ''ținuturi'' (approximate translation: "lands") were created (by merging the counties) to be ruled by ''rezidenți regali'' (approximate translation: "Royal Residents") – appointed directly by the King – instead of the Prefect (Romania), prefects. Mureș County became part of Ținutul Mureș.
In 1940, the county was transferred back to Hungary with the rest of Northern Transylvania under the Second Vienna Award. Beginning in 1944, Romanian forces with Soviet assistance recaptured the ceded territory and reintegrated it into Romania, re-establishing the county. Romanian jurisdiction over the entire county per the Treaty of Trianon was reaffirmed in the Paris Peace Treaties, 1947. The county was disestablished Regions of the People's Republic of Romania, by the communist government of Romania in 1950, and re-established in 1968 when Romania restored the county administrative system.
Administration
The county originally consisted of seven districts (''plasă, plăși''):
[Portretul României Interbelice – Județul Mureș]
/ref>
#Plasa Band, headquartered at Band
Band or BAND may refer to:
Places
*Bánd, a village in Hungary
*Band, Iran, a village in Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Band, Mureș, a commune in Romania
*Band-e Majid Khan, a village in Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, I ...
#Plasa Miercurea Nirajului, headquartered at Miercurea Nirajului
Miercurea Nirajului ( hu, Nyárádszereda ) is a town in Mureș County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania.
The following seven villages are administered by the town:
* Beu / Székelybő
* Dum ...
#Plasa Râciu, headquartered at Râciu, Mureș, Râciu
#Plasa Reghin, headquartered at Reghin
Reghin (; hu, Szászrégen, or ; german: (Sächsisch) Regen) is a city in Mureș County, Transylvania, central Romania, on the Mureș River. As of 2011, it had a population of 33,281.Rezultatele finale ale Recensământului din 2011:
Locat ...
#Plasa Târgu Mureș (also called Plasa Mureș), headquartered at Târgu Mureș
Târgu Mureș (, ; hu, Marosvásárhely ) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the List of cities and towns in Romania, 16th largest Romanian city, with 134,290 inhabitants as of the 2011 Romania ...
#Plasa Teaca, headquartered at Teaca, Bistrița-Năsăud, Teaca
#Plasa Toplița, headquartered at Toplița, Romania, Toplița
A subsequent administrative adjustment added one district, divided Plasa Mureș into two, and divided Plasa Reghin into two, leaving ten districts:
#Plasa Band, headquartered at Band
Band or BAND may refer to:
Places
*Bánd, a village in Hungary
*Band, Iran, a village in Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran
* Band, Mureș, a commune in Romania
*Band-e Majid Khan, a village in Bukan County, West Azerbaijan Province, I ...
#Plasa Gurhiu, headquartered at Gurghiu
#Plasa Miercurea Nirajului, headquartered at Miercurea Nirajului
Miercurea Nirajului ( hu, Nyárádszereda ) is a town in Mureș County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania.
The following seven villages are administered by the town:
* Beu / Székelybő
* Dum ...
#Plasa Mureș de Jos, headquartered at Mureșeni
#Plasa Mureș de Sus, headquartered at Târgu Mureș
Târgu Mureș (, ; hu, Marosvásárhely ) is the seat of Mureș County in the historical region of Transylvania, Romania. It is the List of cities and towns in Romania, 16th largest Romanian city, with 134,290 inhabitants as of the 2011 Romania ...
#Plasa Râciu, headquartered at Râciu, Mureș, Râciu
#Plasa Reghin de Jos, headquartered at Reghin
Reghin (; hu, Szászrégen, or ; german: (Sächsisch) Regen) is a city in Mureș County, Transylvania, central Romania, on the Mureș River. As of 2011, it had a population of 33,281.Rezultatele finale ale Recensământului din 2011:
Locat ...
#Plasa Reghin de Sus, headquartered at Suseni
#Plasa Teaca, headquartered at Teaca, Bistrița-Năsăud, Teaca
#Plasa Toplița, headquartered at Toplița, Romania, Toplița
The county had two urban localities: Târgu Mureş (a city) and Reghin (urban commune).
Population
According to the census data of 1930, the county's population was 289,546, of which 45.8% were Romanians, 42.6% Hungarians, 3.9% Germans, 3.9% Romanies, 3.4% Jews, as well as other minorities. By mother tongue, the county population consisted of 45.9% Hungarian speakers, 45.5% Romanian speakers, 3.9% German speakers, 2.2% Yiddish speakers, and 2.1% Romany speakers.[Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 290-297] In the religious aspect, the population consisted of 32.4% Greek Catholic, 30.3% Reformed, 14.5% Eastern Orthodox, 12.1% Roman Catholic, 3.9% Lutheran, 3.6% Jewish, 2.6% Unitarian, as well as other minorities.[Recensământul general al populației României din 29 decemvrie 1930, Vol. II, pag. 666-669]
Urban population
In 1930, the urban population of the county was 47,807, of which 54.3% were Hungarians, 24.3% Romanians, 13.4% Jews, 6.0% Germans, 1.1% Romanies, as well as other minorities. As a mother tongue in the urban population, Hungarian was spoken by 61.2% of the population, followed by Romanian, spoken by 23.6% of the population as mother tongue, Yiddish (7.4%) and German (6.2%). From the religious point of view, the urban population was made up of 32.6% Reformed, 20.1% Roman Catholic, 14.2% Greek Catholic, 14.2% Jewish, 10% Eastern Orthodox, 5.9% Lutheran, 2.3% Unitarian, as well as other minorities.[
]
References
External links
*
Euro Maros
*
Mediatica News
*
Mureş Info
*
Mureş online
Media
TVR Mures
Cuvântul Liber
Zi-de-zi.ro
www.e-nepujsag.ro
Krónika
Székelyhon
Digi24 Cluj-Napoca
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mures County
Mureș County,
Counties of Romania
Hungarian communities in Romania
Geography of Transylvania
1925 establishments in Romania
1938 disestablishments in Romania
1944 establishments in Romania
1950 disestablishments in Romania
1968 establishments in Romania
States and territories established in 1925
States and territories disestablished in 1938
States and territories established in 1944
States and territories disestablished in 1950
States and territories established in 1968