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reactions Reaction may refer to a process or to a response to an action, event, or exposure: Physics and chemistry *Chemical reaction *Nuclear reaction *Reaction (physics), as defined by Newton's third law *Chain reaction (disambiguation). Biology and me ...

and

reagent In chemistry, a reagent ( ) or analytical reagent is a substance or compound added to a system to cause a chemical reaction, or test if one occurs. The terms ''reactant'' and ''reagent'' are often used interchangeably, but reactant specifies a ...

s in

organic chemistry Organic chemistry is a subdiscipline within chemistry involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.Clayden, J.; ...

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* 1,2-Wittig rearrangement * 1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition *

2,3-Wittig rearrangement The ,3Wittig rearrangement is the transformation of an allylic ether into a homoallylic Alcohol (chemistry), alcohol via a concerted, pericyclic reaction, pericyclic process. Because the reaction is concerted, it exhibits a high degree of ster ...

A

* Abramovitch–Shapiro tryptamine synthesis *

Acetalisation In organic chemistry, an acetal is a functional group with the connectivity . Here, the R groups can be organic fragments (a carbon atom, with arbitrary other atoms attached to that) or hydrogen, while the R' groups must be organic fragments no ...

* Acetoacetic ester condensation *

Achmatowicz reaction The Achmatowicz reaction, also known as the Achmatowicz rearrangement, is an organic synthesis in which a furan is converted to a dihydropyran. In the original publication by the Polish Chemist Osman Achmatowicz Jr. (b. 20 December 1931 in Vilniu ...

Acylation In chemistry, acylation (or alkanoylation) is the chemical reaction in which an acyl group () is added to a compound. The compound providing the acyl group is called the acylating agent. Because they form a strong electrophile when treated with ...

Acyloin condensation Acyloin condensation is a reductive coupling of two carboxylic esters using metallic sodium to yield an α-hydroxyketone, also known as an acyloin. The reaction is most successful when ''R'' is aliphatic and saturated. The reaction is performe ...

Adams' catalyst Adams' catalyst, also known as platinum dioxide, is usually represented as platinum(IV) oxide hydrate, PtO2•H2O. It is a catalyst for hydrogenation and hydrogenolysis in organic synthesis. This dark brown powder is commercially available. The ox ...

* Adams decarboxylation * Adkins catalyst * Adkins–Peterson reaction * Akabori amino acid reaction *

Alcohol oxidation Alcohol oxidation is a class of organic reactions in which the alcohol functional group is converted into another functional group (e.g., aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid) in which carbon carries a higher oxidation state. Through a variety of mec ...

* Alder ene reaction * Alder–Stein rules * Aldol addition *

Aldol condensation An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to ...

Algar–Flynn–Oyamada reaction The Algar–Flynn–Oyamada reaction is a chemical reaction whereby a chalcone undergoes an oxidative cyclization to form a flavonol. Reaction mechanism There are several possible mechanisms to explain this reaction; however, these reaction mech ...

Alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution In organic chemistry, alkylimino-de-oxo-bisubstitution is the organic reaction of carbonyl compounds with amines to imines. The reaction name is based on the IUPAC Nomenclature for Transformations. The reaction is acid catalyzed and the reaction ...

Alkyne trimerisation In organic chemistry, an alkyne trimerisation is a +2+2nbsp; cycloaddition reaction in which three alkyne units () react to form a benzene ring. The reaction requires a metal catalyst. The process is of historic interest as well as being applic ...

* Alkyne zipper reaction *

Allan–Robinson reaction The Allan–Robinson reaction is the chemical reaction of o-hydroxyaryl ketones with aromatic anhydrides to form flavones (or isoflavones). If aliphatic anhydrides are used, coumarins can also be formed. (See Kostanecki acylation.) : Mechanis ...

Allylic rearrangement An allylic rearrangement or allylic shift is an organic reaction in which the double bond in an allyl chemical compound shifts to the next carbon atom. It is encountered in nucleophilic substitution. In reaction conditions that favor a SN1 react ...

Amadori rearrangement The Amadori rearrangement is an organic reaction describing the acid or base catalyzed isomerization or rearrangement reaction of the ''N''-glycoside of an aldose or the glycosylamine to the corresponding 1-amino-1-deoxy-ketose. The reaction is i ...

* Amine alkylation * Angeli–Rimini reaction *

Andrussov oxidation The Andrussow process is an industrial process for the production of hydrogen cyanide from methane and ammonia in the presence of oxygen and a platinum catalyst. :2 CH4 + 2 NH3 + 3 O2 → 2 HCN + 6 H2O The process is based on a reaction ...

Appel reaction The Appel reaction is an organic reaction that converts an alcohol into an alkyl chloride using triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrachloride. The use of carbon tetrabromide or bromine as a halide source will yield alkyl bromides, whereas using carb ...

Arbuzov reaction Arbuzov (masculine, russian: Арбузов) or Arbuzova (feminine, russian: Арбузовa) is a Russian surname, derived from the word арбуз (''arbooz'', meaning "watermelon"). It may refer to: * Aleksandr Arbuzov (1877–1968), Russian and ...

, Arbusow reaction *

Arens–Van Dorp synthesis The Arens–van Dorp synthesis is a name reaction in organic chemistry. It describes the addition of lithiated ethoxyacetylenes to ketones to give propargyl alcohols, which can undergo further reaction to form α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, or esters ...

, Isler modification *

Aromatic nitration In organic chemistry, nitration is a general class of chemical processes for the introduction of a nitro group into an organic compound. The term also is applied incorrectly to the different process of forming nitrate esters between alcohols and ...

* Arndt–Eistert synthesis * Aston–Greenburg rearrangement *

Auwers synthesis The Auwers synthesis is a series of organic reactions forming a flavonol from a coumarone. This reaction was first reported by Karl von Auwers in 1908.K. v. Auwers, E. Auffenberg, "Über Cumaranone und Hydrindone", '' Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges.'', 52, ...

Aza-Cope rearrangement Rearrangements, especially those that can participate in cascade reactions, such as the aza-Cope rearrangements, are of high practical as well as conceptual importance in organic chemistry, due to their ability to quickly build structural complexi ...

Azo coupling In organic chemistry, an azo coupling is an organic reaction between a diazonium compound () and another aromatic compound that produces an azo compound (). In this electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction, the aryldiazonium cation is the ...

B

Baeyer–Drewson indigo synthesis The Baeyer–Drewson indigo synthesis (1882) is an organic reaction in which indigo is prepared from 2-nitrobenzaldehyde and acetone The reaction was developed by von Baeyer in 1880 to produce the first synthetic indigo at laboratory ...

Baeyer–Villiger oxidation The Baeyer–Villiger oxidation is an organic reaction that forms an ester from a ketone or a lactone from a cyclic ketone, using peroxyacids or peroxides as the oxidant. The reaction is named after Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger who ...

, Baeyer–Villiger rearrangement * Bakeland process (Bakelite) *

Baker–Venkataraman rearrangement The Baker–Venkataraman rearrangement is the chemical reaction of 2-acetoxyacetophenones with base to form 1,3-di ketones. This rearrangement reaction proceeds via enolate formation followed by acyl transfer. It is named after the scientists W ...

, Baker–Venkataraman transformation *

Baldwin's Rules Baldwin's rules in organic chemistry are a series of guidelines outlining the relative favorabilities of ring closure reactions in alicyclic compounds. They were first proposed by Jack Baldwin in 1976. Baldwin's rules discuss the relative rates ...

* Bally–Scholl synthesis *

Balz–Schiemann reaction The Balz–Schiemann reaction (also called the Schiemann reaction) is a chemical reaction in which a primary aromatic amine is transformed to an aryl fluoride via a diazonium tetrafluoroborate intermediate. This reaction is a traditional route to ...

Bamberger rearrangement The Bamberger rearrangement is the chemical reaction of phenylhydroxylamines with strong aqueous acid, which will rearrange to give 4-aminophenols. It is named for the German chemist Eugen Bamberger (1857–1932). The starting phenylhydroxylam ...

Bamberger triazine synthesis The Bamberger triazine synthesis in organic chemistry is a classic organic synthesis of a triazine first reported by Eugen Bamberger in 1892.Hassner, A., Stumer, C., ''Organic Synthesis Based on Name Reactions'': 2nd. Ed. Tetrahedron Organic Chemi ...

Bamford–Stevens reaction The Bamford–Stevens reaction is a chemical reaction whereby treatment of tosylhydrazones with strong base gives alkenes. It is named for the British chemist William Randall Bamford and the Scottish chemist Thomas Stevens Stevens (1900–2000). ...

Barbier reaction The Barbier reaction is an organometallic reaction between an alkyl halide (chloride, bromide, iodide), a carbonyl group and a metal. The reaction can be performed using magnesium, aluminium, zinc, indium, tin, samarium, barium or their salts. Th ...

Barbier–Wieland degradation The Barbier–Wieland degradation is a procedure for shortening the carbon chain of a carboxylic acid by one carbon. It only works when the carbon adjacent to the carboxyl is a simple methylene bridge (an aliphatic carbon with no substituents). Th ...

* Bardhan–Sengupta phenanthrene synthesis *

Barfoed's test Barfoed's test is a chemical test used for detecting the presence of monosaccharides. It is based on the reduction of copper(II) acetate to copper(I) oxide (Cu2O), which forms a brick-red precipitate. ::RCHO + 2Cu2+ + 2H2O → RCOOH + Cu2O↓ ...

* Bargellini reaction *

Bartoli indole synthesis The Bartoli indole synthesis (also called the Bartoli reaction) is the chemical reaction of ortho-substituted nitroarenes and nitrosoarenes with vinyl Grignard reagents to form substituted indoles. The reaction is often unsuccessful without sub ...

, Bartoli reaction *

Barton decarboxylation The Barton decarboxylation is a radical reaction in which a carboxylic acid is converted to a thiohydroxamate ester (commonly referred to as a Barton ester). The product is then heated in the presence of a radical initiator and a suitable hydrogen ...

Barton reaction The Barton reaction, also known as the Barton nitrite ester reaction, is a photochemical reaction that involves the photolysis of an alkyl nitrite to form a δ-nitroso alcohol. Discovered in 1960, the reaction is named for its discoverer, Nobel Lau ...

* Barton–Kellogg reaction * Barton–McCombie reaction, Barton deoxygenation * Barton-Zard Synthesis * Barton vinyl iodine procedure *

Baudisch reaction In organic chemistry, the Baudisch reaction is a process for the synthesis of nitrosophenols using metal ions. Although the products are of limited value, the reaction is of historical interest as an example of metal-promoted functionalization of a ...

* Bayer test *

Baylis–Hillman reaction The Baylis–Hillman reaction is a carbon-carbon bond forming reaction between the α-position of an activated alkene and a carbon electrophile such as an aldehyde. Employing a nucleophilic catalyst, such as a tertiary amine and phosphine, this rea ...

Bechamp reaction In organic synthesis the Béchamp reaction is used for producing arsonic acids from activated aromatic substrates. The reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution, using arsenic acid as the electrophile. The reaction proceeds according to ...

* Bechamp reduction * Beckmann fragmentation *

Beckmann rearrangement The Beckmann rearrangement, named after the German chemist Ernst Otto Beckmann (1853–1923), is a rearrangement of an oxime functional group to substituted amides. The rearrangement has also been successfully performed on haloimines and nitrones ...

* Bellus–Claisen rearrangement *

Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction A Belousov–Zhabotinsky reaction, or BZ reaction, is one of a class of reactions that serve as a classical example of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, resulting in the establishment of a nonlinear chemical oscillator. The only common element in ...

* Benary reaction *

Benedict's reagent Benedict's reagent (often called Benedict's qualitative solution or Benedict's solution) is a chemical reagent and complex mixture of sodium carbonate, sodium citrate, and copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. It is often used in place of Fehling's ...

* Benkeser reaction *

Benzidine rearrangement Benzidine (trivial name), also called 1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diamine (systematic name), is an organic compound with the formula (C6H4NH2)2. It is an aromatic amine. It is a component of a test for cyanide. Related derivatives are used in the produc ...

Benzilic acid rearrangement The benzilic acid rearrangement is formally the 1,2-rearrangement of 1,2-diketones to form α- hydroxy–carboxylic acids using a base. This reaction receives its name from the reaction of benzil with potassium hydroxide to form benzilic acid. Firs ...

Benzoin condensation The benzoin addition is an addition reaction involving two aldehydes. The reaction generally occurs between aromatic aldehydes or glyoxals, and results in formation of an acyloin Acyloins or α-hydroxy ketones are a class of organic compounds w ...

Bergman cyclization The Masamune-Bergman cyclization or Masamune-Bergman reaction or Masamune-Bergman cycloaromatization is an organic reaction and more specifically a rearrangement reaction taking place when an enediyne is heated in presence of a suitable hydrogen do ...

* Bergmann azlactone peptide synthesis *

Bergmann degradation The Bergmann degradation is a series of chemical reactions designed to remove a single amino acid from the carboxylic acid (C-terminal) end of a peptide. First demonstrated by Max Bergmann in 1934, it is a rarely used method for sequencing peptides ...

* Bergmann–Zervas carbobenzoxy method *

Bernthsen acridine synthesis The Bernthsen acridine synthesis is the chemical reaction of a diarylamine heated with a carboxylic acid (or acid anhydride) and zinc chloride to form a 9-substituted acridine. Using zinc chloride, one must heat the reaction to 200-270 °C f ...

* Bestmann's reagent *

Betti reaction The Betti reaction is a chemical addition reaction of aldehydes, primary aromatic amines and phenols producing α-aminobenzylphenols. The Betti reaction is a special case of the Mannich reaction. History The reaction is named after the Italian ...

* Biginelli pyrimidine synthesis *

Biginelli reaction The Biginelli reaction is a multiple-component chemical reaction that creates 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1''H'')-ones 4 from ethyl acetoacetate 1, an aryl aldehyde (such as benzaldehyde 2), and urea 3. It is named for the Italian chemist Pietro Bigi ...

Bingel reaction The Bingel reaction in fullerene chemistry is a fullerene cyclopropanation reaction to a methanofullerene first discovered by C. Bingel in 1993 with the bromo derivative of diethyl malonate in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride or DBU ...

Birch reduction The Birch reduction is an organic reaction that is used to convert arenes to cyclohexadienes. The reaction is named after the Australian chemist Arthur Birch and involves the organic reduction of aromatic rings in an amine solvent (traditionally ...

* Bischler–Möhlau indole synthesis * Bischler–Napieralski reaction *

Biuret test Biuret is a chemical compound with the chemical formula . It is a white solid that is soluble in hot water. A variety of organic derivatives are known. The term "biuret" also describes a family of organic compounds with the chemical formula , where ...

Blaise ketone synthesis The Blaise ketone synthesis (named after Edmond Blaise) is the chemical reaction of acid chlorides with organozinc compounds to give ketones. The reaction was claimed to bring excellent yields by Blaise, however, investigators failed to obtain ...

Blaise reaction The Blaise reaction is an organic reaction that forms a β-ketoester from the reaction of zinc metal with a α-bromoester and a nitrile. The reaction was first reported by Edmond Blaise (1872–1939) in 1901. The final intermediate is a metaloim ...

Blanc reaction The Blanc chloromethylation (also called the Blanc reaction) is the chemical reaction of aromatic rings with formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride to form chloromethyl arenes. The reaction is catalyzed by Lewis acids such as zinc chloride. The reac ...

Blanc chloromethylation The Blanc chloromethylation (also called the Blanc reaction) is the chemical reaction of aromatic rings with formaldehyde and hydrogen chloride to form chloromethyl arenes. The reaction is catalyzed by Lewis acids such as zinc chloride. The rea ...

* Blum–Ittah aziridine synthesis *

Bodroux reaction In organic chemistry, an amide, also known as an organic amide or a carboxamide, is a compound with the general formula , where R, R', and R″ represent organic groups or hydrogen atoms. The amide group is called a peptide bond when it is ...

Bodroux–Chichibabin aldehyde synthesis The Bodroux–Chichibabin aldehyde synthesis is a chemical reaction whereby a Grignard reagent is converted to an aldehyde one carbon longer. : Reaction of a Grignard reagent with triethyl orthoformate gives an acetal, which can be hydrolyzed to a ...

* Bogert–Cook synthesis * Bohlmann-Rahtz pyridine synthesis * Bohn–Schmidt reaction *

Boord olefin synthesis The Boord olefin synthesis is an organic reaction forming alkenes from ethers carrying a halogen atom 2 carbons removed from the oxygen atom (β-halo-ethers) using a metal such as magnesium or zinc. The reaction, discovered by Cecil E. Boord in 193 ...

Borodin reaction Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin ( rus, link=no, Александр Порфирьевич Бородин, Aleksandr Porfir’yevich Borodin , p=ɐlʲɪkˈsandr pɐrˈfʲi rʲjɪvʲɪtɕ bərɐˈdʲin, a=RU-Alexander Porfiryevich Borodin.ogg, ...

Borsche–Drechsel cyclization The Borsche–Drechsel cyclization is a chemical reaction used to synthesize tetrahydrocarbazoles by the acid-catalyzed cyclization of cyclohexanone arylhydrazones. The reaction was first described by Edmund Drechsel in 1888 and by Walter Borsche i ...

* Bosch–Meiser urea process *

Bosch reaction The Bosch reaction is a catalytic chemical reaction between carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen (H2) that produces elemental carbon (C,graphite), water, and a 10% return of invested heat. CO2 is usually reduced by H2 to carbon in presence of a cata ...

Bouveault aldehyde synthesis The Bouveault aldehyde synthesis (also known as the Bouveault reaction) is a one-pot substitution reaction that replaces an alkyl or aryl halide with a formyl group using a ''N'',''N''-disubstituted formamide. For primary alkyl halides this produce ...

Bouveault–Blanc reduction The Bouveault–Blanc reduction is a chemical reaction in which an ester is reduced to primary alcohols using absolute ethanol and sodium metal. It was first reported by Louis Bouveault and Gustave Louis Blanc in 1903. Bouveault and Blanc demons ...

Boyland–Sims oxidation The Boyland–Sims oxidation is the chemical reaction of anilines with alkaline potassium persulfate, which after hydrolysis forms ''ortho''-hydroxyl anilines. The reaction is generally performed in water at room temperatures or below, using equimo ...

* Boyer Reaction *

Bredt's rule Bredt's rule is an empirical observation in organic chemistry that states that a double bond cannot be placed at the bridgehead of a bridged ring system, unless the rings are large enough. The rule is named after Julius Bredt, who first discussed i ...

Brook rearrangement In organic chemistry the Brook rearrangement refers to any ,''n''carbon to oxygen silyl migration. The Rearrangement reaction, rearrangement was first observed in the late 1950s by Canadian chemist Adrian Gibbs Brook (1924–2013), after which t ...

* Brown hydroboration *

Bucherer carbazole synthesis The Bucherer carbazole synthesis is a chemical reaction used to synthesize carbazoles from naphthols and aryl hydrazines using sodium bisulfite. The reaction is named after Hans Theodor Bucherer. See also * Borsche-Drechsel cyclization *Buchere ...

Bucherer reaction The Bucherer reaction in organic chemistry is the reversible conversion of a naphthol to a naphthylamine in the presence of ammonia and sodium bisulfite. The reaction is widely used in the synthesis of dye precursors aminonaphthalenesulfonic ac ...

Bucherer–Bergs reaction The Bucherer–Bergs reaction is the chemical reaction of carbonyl compounds (aldehydes or ketones) or cyanohydrins with ammonium carbonate and potassium cyanide to give hydantoins. The reaction is named after Hans Theodor Bucherer. ''Overall Reac ...

* Buchner ring enlargement * Büchner–Curtius–Schlotterbeck reaction *

Buchwald–Hartwig amination In organic chemistry, the Buchwald–Hartwig amination is a chemical reaction for the synthesis of carbon–nitrogen bonds via the cross-coupling reaction, palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions of amines with aryl halides. Although Pd-catalyzed ...

* Bunnett reaction *

Burgess reagent The Burgess reagent (methyl ''N''-(triethylammoniumsulfonyl)carbamate) is a mild and selective dehydrating reagent often used in organic chemistry. It was developed in the laboratory of Edward M. Burgess at Georgia Tech. The Burgess reagent is ...

C

Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling The Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling in organic chemistry is a coupling reaction between a terminal alkyne and a haloalkyne catalyzed by a copper(I) salt such as copper(I) bromide and an amine base.Cadiot, P.; Chodkiewicz, W. In Chemistry of Acety ...

* Cadogan-Sundberg indole synthesis *

Camps quinoline synthesis The Camps quinoline synthesis (also known as the Camps cyclization) is a chemical reaction whereby an o-acylaminoacetophenone is transformed into two different hydroxyquinolines (products A and B) using hydroxide ion. The relative proportions of ...

Cannizzaro reaction The Cannizzaro reaction, named after its discoverer Stanislao Cannizzaro, is a chemical reaction which involves the base-induced disproportionation of two molecules of a non-enolizable aldehyde to give a primary alcohol and a carboxylic acid. : ...

Carbohydrate acetalisation In carbohydrate chemistry carbohydrate acetalisation is an organic reaction and a very effective means of providing a protecting group. The example below depicts the acetalisation reaction of D-ribose 1. With acetone or 2,2-dimethoxypropane as the ...

Carbonyl reduction In organic chemistry, carbonyl reduction is the organic reduction of any carbonyl group by a reducing agent. Typical carbonyl compounds are ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, esters, and acid halides. Carboxylic acids, esters, and acid halides ...

Carbonylation Carbonylation refers to reactions that introduce carbon monoxide into organic and inorganic substrates. Carbon monoxide is abundantly available and conveniently reactive, so it is widely used as a reactant in industrial chemistry. The term carbon ...

Carbylamine reaction The carbylamine reaction (also known as the Hoffmann isocyanide synthesis) is the synthesis of an isocyanide by the reaction of a primary amine, chloroform, and base. The conversion involves the intermediacy of dichlorocarbene. Illustrative is the ...

* Carroll reaction * Castro–Stephens coupling *

Catalytic reforming Catalytic reforming is a chemical process used to convert petroleum refinery naphthas distilled from crude oil (typically having low octane ratings) into high-octane liquid products called reformates, which are premium blending stocks for high-o ...

* Catellani Reaction *CBS reduction *Boronic acid#Chan–Lam coupling, Chan–Lam coupling *Chapman rearrangement *Cheletropic reaction *Chichibabin pyridine synthesis *Chichibabin reaction *Chiral pool synthesis *Chugaev elimination *Ciamician–Dennstedt rearrangement *Claisen condensation *Claisen rearrangement *Claisen–Schmidt condensation *Clemmensen reduction *Collins reagent *Combes quinoline synthesis *Conia reaction *Conrad–Limpach synthesis *Cook–Heilbron thiazole synthesis *Cope elimination *Cope rearrangement *Corey reagent *Corey–Bakshi–Shibata reduction *Corey–Fuchs reaction *Corey–Gilman–Ganem oxidation *Corey–Kim oxidation *Corey-Nicolaou macrolactonization *Corey–Posner, Whitesides–House reaction *Corey-Seebach reaction *Corey–Winter olefin synthesis *Corey–Winter reaction *Cornforth rearrangement *Coupling reaction *Crabbé reaction *Craig method *Cram's rule of asymmetric induction *Creighton process *Criegee reaction *Criegee rearrangement *Cross metathesis *Crum Brown–Gibson rule *Curtius degradation *Curtius rearrangement, Curtius reaction *Cyanohydrin reaction

D

*Dakin reaction (aka Dakin oxidation) *Dakin–West reaction *Danheiser annulation *Danheiser benzannulation *Darapsky degradation *Darzens condensation, Darzens–Claisen reaction, Glycidic ester condensation *Darzens halogenation *Darzens synthesis of unsaturated ketones *Darzens tetralin synthesis *Davis' reagent, Davis oxidation *Davis–Beirut reaction *De Kimpe aziridine synthesis *Dehydration reaction *Dehydrogenation *Delepine reaction *DeMayo reaction *Demjanov rearrangement *Demjanow desamination *Dess–Martin oxidation *Diazoalkane 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition *Diazotisation *DIBAL#Use in organic synthesis, DIBAL-H selective reduction *Dieckmann condensation *Dieckmann reaction *Diels–Alder reaction *Diels–Reese reaction *Dienol–benzene rearrangement *Dienone–phenol rearrangement *Dimroth rearrangement *Di-π-methane rearrangement *Directed ortho metalation *Doebner modification *Doebner reaction *Doebner–Miller reaction, Beyer method for quinolines *Doering–LaFlamme carbon chain extension *Dötz reaction *Dowd–Beckwith ring expansion reaction *Duff reaction *Dutt–Wormall reaction *Dyotropic reaction

E

*E1cB elimination reaction *Eder reaction *Edman degradation *Eglinton reaction *Ehrlich–Sachs reaction *Einhorn variant *Einhorn–Brunner reaction *Elbs persulfate oxidation *Elbs reaction *Electrochemical fluorination *Electrocyclic reaction *Electrophilic halogenation *Electrophilic amination *Elimination reaction *Emde degradation *Emmert reaction *Enders SAMP/RAMP hydrazone-alkylation reaction *Ene reaction *Enyne metathesis *Epoxidation *Erlenmeyer synthesis, Azlactone synthesis *Erlenmeyer–Plöchl azlactone and amino-acid synthesis *Eschenmoser fragmentation *Eschenmoser sulfide contraction *Eschweiler–Clarke reaction *Ester pyrolysis *Ether, Ether cleavage *Étard reaction *Evans aldol *Evans–Saksena reduction *Evans–Tishchenko reaction

F

*Favorskii reaction *Favorskii rearrangement *Favorskii–Babayan synthesis *Fehling's solution, Fehling test *Feist–Benary synthesis *Fenton reaction *Ferrario reaction *Ferrier carbocyclization *Ferrier rearrangement *Fétizon oxidation *Fiesselmann thiophene synthesis *Finkelstein reaction *Fischer indole synthesis *Fischer oxazole synthesis *Fischer peptide synthesis *Fischer phenylhydrazine and oxazone reaction *Fischer glycosidation *Fischer–Hepp rearrangement *Fischer–Speier esterification *Fischer Tropsch synthesis *Fleming–Tamao oxidation *Flood reaction *Folin–Ciocalteu reagent *Formox process *Forster reaction *Forster–Decker method *Fluorocarbon#Manufacture#The Fowler process, Fowler process *Franchimont reaction *Frankland synthesis *Frankland–Duppa reaction *Fráter–Seebach alkylation *Free radical halogenation *Freund reaction *Friedel–Crafts reaction, Friedel–Crafts acylation *Friedel–Crafts reaction, Friedel–Crafts alkylation *Friedländer synthesis *Fries rearrangement *Fritsch–Buttenberg–Wiechell rearrangement *Fujimoto–Belleau reaction *Fujiwara–Moritani reaction *Fukuyama coupling *Fukuyama indole synthesis *Fukuyama reduction

G

*Gabriel ethylenimine method *Gabriel synthesis *Gabriel–Colman rearrangement, Gabriel isoquinoline synthesis *Gallagher–Hollander degradation *Gassman indole synthesis *Gastaldi synthesis *Gattermann aldehyde synthesis *Gattermann Koch reaction *Gattermann reaction *Geminal halide hydrolysis *Gewald reaction *Gibbs phthalic anhydride process *Gilman reagent *Glaser coupling *Glycol cleavage *Gomberg–Bachmann reaction *Gomberg–Bachmann–Hey reaction *Gomberg radical reaction *Gould–Jacobs reaction *Graebe–Ullmann synthesis *Grignard degradation *Griesbaum coozonolysis *Grignard reaction *Grob fragmentation *Grubbs' catalyst in Olefin metathesis *Grundmann aldehyde synthesis *Gryszkiewicz–Trochimowski and McCombie method *Guareschi–Thorpe condensation *Guerbet reaction *Gutknecht pyrazine synthesis

H

*Hajos–Parrish–Eder–Sauer–Wiechert reaction *Haller–Bauer reaction *Haloform reaction *Halogen addition reaction *Halohydrin formation reaction *Hammett equation *Hammick reaction *Hammond principle or Hammond postulate *Hantzsch pyrrole synthesis *Hantzsch dihydropyridine synthesis, Hantzsch pyridine synthesis *Hantzsch pyridine synthesis, Gattermann–Skita synthesis, Guareschi–Thorpe condensation, Knoevenagel–Fries modification *Hantzsch–Collidin synthesis *Harries ozonide reaction *Haworth methylation *Haworth Phenanthrene synthesis *Haworth reaction *Hay coupling *Hayashi rearrangement *Heck reaction *Hegedus indole synthesis *Helferich method *Hell–Volhard–Zelinsky halogenation *Hemetsberger indole synthesis *Hemetsberger–Knittel synthesis *Henkel reaction, Raecke process, Henkel process *Henry reaction, Kamlet reaction *Herz reaction, Herz compounds *Herzig–Meyer alkimide group determination *Heumann indigo synthesis *Hiyama coupling *Hydration reaction *Hydroamination *Hydrodesulfurization *Hydrogenolysis *Hydrosilylation *Hinsberg indole synthesis *Hinsberg oxindole synthesis *Hinsberg reaction *Hinsberg separation *Hinsberg sulfone synthesis *Hirao coupling *Hoch–Campbell ethylenimine synthesis *Hock rearrangement *Hofmann rearrangement, Hofmann bromamide reaction *Hofmann degradation, Exhaustive methylation *Hofmann elimination *Hofmann Isonitrile synthesis,

*Hofmann product *Hofmann rearrangement *Hofmann–Löffler reaction, Löffler–Freytag reaction, Hofmann–Löffler–Freytag reaction *Hofmann–Martius rearrangement *Hofmann's rule *Hofmann–Sand reaction *Homo rearrangement of steroids *Hooker reaction *Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction *Hoesch reaction *Hosomi–Sakurai reaction *Houben–Fischer synthesis *Fluorination with aminosulfuranes, Hudlicky fluorination *Huisgen cycloaddition *Hunsdiecker reaction, Hunsdiecker–Borodin reaction *Hurd-Mori 1,2,3-thiadiazole synthesis *Hydroboration *Cracking (chemistry), Hydrocarbon cracking *Hydrohalogenation

I

*Indium mediated allylation *Ing–Manske procedure *Ipso substitution *Ireland–Claisen rearrangement *Isay reaction *Ishikawa reagent *Isomer, ''trans-cis'' isomerism *Ivanov reagent, Ivanov reaction

J

*Jacobsen epoxidation *Jacobsen rearrangement *Janovsky reaction *Japp–Klingemann reaction *Japp–Maitland condensation *Jocic reaction *Claisen rearrangement#Johnson–Claisen rearrangement, Johnson–Claisen rearrangement *Johnson–Corey–Chaykovsky reaction *Jones oxidation *Jordan–Ullmann–Goldberg synthesis *Julia olefination, Julia–Lythgoe olefination

K

*Kabachnik–Fields reaction *Kharasch–Sosnovsky reaction *Keck asymmetric allylation *Ketimine Mannich reaction *Ketone halogenation *Kiliani–Fischer synthesis *Kindler reaction *Kishner cyclopropane synthesis *Knoevenagel condensation *Knorr pyrazole synthesis *Knorr pyrrole synthesis *Knorr quinoline synthesis *Koch–Haaf reaction *Kochi reaction *Koenigs–Knorr reaction *Kolbe electrolysis *Kolbe nitrile synthesis *Kolbe–Schmitt reaction *Kornblum oxidation *Kornblum–DeLaMare rearrangement *Kostanecki acylation *Kowalski ester homologation *Krapcho decarboxylation *Krische allylation *Kröhnke aldehyde synthesis *Kröhnke oxidation *Kröhnke pyridine synthesis *Kucherov reaction *Kuhn–Winterstein reaction *Kulinkovich reaction *Kumada coupling

L

*Larock indole synthesis *Lawesson's reagent *Lebedev process *Lehmstedt–Tanasescu reaction *Leimgruber–Batcho indole synthesis *Letts nitrile synthesis *Leuckart reaction *Leuckart thiophenol reaction *Leuckart–Wallach reaction *Amide, Leuckart amide synthesis *Levinstein process *Ley oxidation *Lieben iodoform reaction, Haloform reaction *Liebeskind–Srogl coupling *Melamine, Liebig melamine synthesis *Lindlar catalyst *Lobry de Bruyn–Van Ekenstein transformation *Lombardo methylenation *Lossen rearrangement *Lucas' reagent *Luche reduction

M

*Maillard reaction *Madelung synthesis *Malaprade reaction, Periodic acid oxidation *Malonic ester synthesis *Mannich reaction *Markó–Lam deoxygenation *Markovnikov's rule, Markownikoff rule, Markownikow rule *Marschalk reaction *Martinet dioxindole synthesis *Silyl ether#Monoprotection of symmetrical diols, McDougall monoprotection *McFadyen–Stevens reaction *McMurry reaction *Meerwein arylation *Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley reduction *Meisenheimer rearrangement *Meissenheimer complex *Menshutkin reaction *Metal-ion-catalyzed σ-bond rearrangement *mesylate#Preparation, Mesylation *Merckwald asymmetric synthesis *Metallo-ene reaction *Methylation *Meyer and Hartmann reaction *Meyer reaction *Meyer synthesis *Meyer–Schuster rearrangement *Michael addition *Michael addition, Michael system *Michael condensation *Michaelis–Arbuzov reaction *Midland Alpine borane reduction *Mignonac reaction *Milas hydroxylation of olefins *Minisci reaction *Mislow–Evans rearrangement *Mitsunobu reaction *Miyaura borylation *Modified Wittig-Claisen tandem reaction *Molisch's test *Mozingo reduction *Mukaiyama aldol addition (Mukaiyama reaction) *Mukaiyama hydration *Myers' asymmetric alkylation

N

*Nametkin rearrangement *Narasaka–Prasad reduction *Nazarov cyclization reaction *Neber rearrangement *Nef reaction *Negishi coupling *Negishi zipper reaction *Nenitzescu indole synthesis *Nenitzescu reductive acylation *Newman–Kwart rearrangement *Nicholas reaction *Niementowski quinazoline synthesis *Niementowski quinoline synthesis *Nierenstein reaction *NIH shift *Ninhydrin, Ninhydrin test *Nitroaldol reaction *Nitrone-olefin 3+2 cycloaddition *Normant reagents *Noyori asymmetric hydrogenation *Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi reaction *Nucleophilic acyl substitution

O

*Ohira–Bestmann reaction *Olah reagent *Olefin metathesis *Oppenauer oxidation *Ostromyslenskii reaction, Ostromisslenskii reaction *Overman rearrangement *Pyruvate decarboxylation, Oxidative decarboxylation *Oxo synthesis *Oxy-Cope rearrangement *Oxymercuration *Oxidation of secondary alcohols to ketones *Ozonolysis

P

*Paal–Knorr pyrrole synthesis *Paal–Knorr synthesis *Paneth technique *Passerini reaction *Paternò–Büchi reaction *Pauson–Khand reaction *Payne rearrangement *Pechmann condensation *Pechmann pyrazole synthesis *Pellizzari reaction *Pelouze synthesis *Peptide synthesis *Perkin alicyclic synthesis *Perkin reaction *Perkin rearrangement *Perkow reaction *Petasis reaction *Petasis reagent *Peterson olefination *Peterson reaction *Petrenko-Kritschenko piperidone synthesis *Pfau–Plattner azulene synthesis *Pfitzinger reaction *Pfitzner–Moffatt oxidation *Phosphonium coupling *Photosynthesis *Piancatelli rearrangement *Pictet–Gams isoquinoline synthesis *Pictet–Hubert reaction *Pictet–Spengler tetrahydroisoquinoline synthesis *Pictet–Spengler reaction *Piloty–Robinson pyrrole synthesis *Pinacol coupling reaction *Pinacol rearrangement *Pinner amidine synthesis *Pinner method for ortho esters *Pinner reaction *Pinner triazine synthesis *Pinnick oxidation *Piria reaction *Polonovski reaction *Pomeranz–Fritsch reaction *Ponzio reaction *Prato reaction *Prelog strain *Prevost reaction *Prileschajew reaction *Prilezhaev reaction *Prins reaction *Prinzbach synthesis *Protecting group *Pschorr reaction *Pummerer rearrangement *Purdie methylation, Irvine–Purdie methylation *PUREX

Q

*Quelet reaction

R

*Ramberg–Bäcklund reaction *Raney nickel *Rap–Stoermer condensation *Raschig phenol process *Rauhut–Currier reaction *Racemization *Reductive amination *Reductive dehalogenation of halo ketones *Reed reaction *Reformatskii reaction, Reformatsky reaction *Reilly–Hickinbottom rearrangement *Reimer–Tiemann reaction *Reissert indole synthesis *Reissert reaction, Reissert compound *Reppe synthesis *Retropinacol rearrangement *Rieche formylation *Riemschneider thiocarbamate synthesis *Riley oxidations *Olefin metathesis, Ring closing metathesis *Olefin metathesis, Ring opening metathesis *Ritter reaction *Robinson annulation *Robinson–Gabriel synthesis *Robinson Schopf reaction *Rosenmund reaction *Rosenmund reduction *Rosenmund–von Braun synthesis *Roskamp reaction *Rothemund reaction *Rupe rearrangement *Rubottom oxidation *Ruff–Fenton degradation *Ruzicka large-ring synthesis

S

*Saegusa–Ito oxidation *Sakurai reaction *Salol reaction *Sandheimer *Sandmeyer diphenylurea isatin synthesis *Sandmeyer isonitrosoacetanilide isatin synthesis *Sandmeyer reaction *Sanger reagent *Saponification *Sarett oxidation *Schiemann reaction *Schiff base, Schiff reaction *Schiff test *Schlenk equilibrium *Schlosser modification *Schlosser variant *Schmidlin ketene synthesis *Schmidt degradation *Schmidt reaction *Scholl reaction *Schorigin Shorygin reaction, Shorygin reaction, Wanklyn reaction *Schotten–Baumann reaction *Seliwanoff's test *Semidine rearrangement *Semmler–Wolff reaction *Seyferth–Gilbert homologation *Shapiro reaction *Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation *Sharpless epoxidation *Sharpless oxyamination or aminohydroxylation *Ene reaction, Shenck ene reaction *Shi epoxidation *Sigmatropic reaction *Simmons–Smith reaction *Simonini reaction *Simonis chromone cyclization *Electrochemical fluorination, Simons process *Skraup chinolin synthesis *Skraup reaction *Smiles rearrangement *SNAr, S_NAr nucleophilic aromatic substitution *SN1, S_N1 *SN2, S_N2 *SNi, S_Ni *Solvolysis *Sommelet reaction *Sonn–Müller method *Sonogashira coupling *Sørensen formol titration *Staedel–Rugheimer pyrazine synthesis *Stahl oxidation *Staudinger reaction *Staudinger synthesis *Steglich esterification *Stephen aldehyde synthesis *Stetter reaction *Stevens rearrangement *Stieglitz rearrangement *Stille coupling *Stobbe condensation *Stollé synthesis *Stork acylation *Stork enamine alkylation *Strecker amino acid synthesis *Strecker degradation *Strecker sulfite alkylation *Strecker synthesis *Stereocontrolled 1,2-addition to carbonyl groups *Suzuki coupling *Swain equation *Swarts reaction *Swern oxidation

T

*Tamao oxidation *Tafel rearrangement *Takai olefination *Tebbe olefination *ter Meer reaction *Thiele reaction *Thiol-yne reaction *Thorpe reaction *Tiemann rearrangement *Tiffeneau ring enlargement reaction *Tiffeneau–Demjanov rearrangement *Tischtschenko reaction *Tishchenko reaction, Tishchenko–Claisen reaction *Tollens reagent *Transfer hydrogenation *Trapp mixture *Transesterification *Traube purine synthesis *Truce–Smiles rearrangement *Tscherniac–Einhorn reaction *Tschitschibabin reaction *Chugaev reaction, Tschugajeff reaction *Tsuji–Trost reaction *Tsuji–Wilkinson decarbonylation reaction *Twitchell process *Tyrer sulfonation process

U

*Ugi reaction *Ullmann reaction *Upjohn dihydroxylation *Urech cyanohydrin method *Urech hydantoin synthesis

V

*Van Leusen reaction *Van Slyke determination *Varrentrapp reaction *Vilsmeier reaction *Vilsmeier–Haack reaction *Voight amination *Volhard–Erdmann cyclization *von Braun amide degradation *von Braun reaction *von Richter cinnoline synthesis *von Richter reaction

W

*Wacker–Tsuji oxidation *Wagner-Jauregg reaction *Wagner–Meerwein rearrangement *Waits–Scheffer epoxidation *Walden inversion *Wallach rearrangement *Weerman degradation *Weinreb ketone synthesis *Wenker ring closure *Wenker synthesis *Wessely–Moser rearrangement *Westphalen–Lettré rearrangement *Wharton reaction *Whiting reaction *Wichterle reaction *Widman–Stoermer synthesis *Wilkinson catalyst *Willgerodt rearrangement *Willgerodt–Kindler reaction *Williamson ether synthesis *Winstein reaction *Wittig reaction *Wittig rearrangement: ** 1,2-Wittig rearrangement **

*Wittig–Horner reaction *Wohl degradation *Wohl–Aue reaction *Wohler synthesis *Wohl–Ziegler reaction *Wolffenstein–Böters reaction *Wolff rearrangement *Wolff–Kishner reduction *Woodward cis-hydroxylation *Woodward–Hoffmann rule *Wulff–Dötz reaction *Wurtz coupling, Wurtz reaction *Wurtz–Fittig reaction

Y

*Purine, Yamada–Okamoto purine synthesis *Yamaguchi esterification

Z

*Zaitsev's rule *Zeisel determination *Zerevitinov determination, Zerewitinoff determination *Ziegler condensation *Ziegler method *Zimmermann reaction *Zincke disulfide cleavage *Zincke nitration *Zincke reaction *Zincke–Suhl reaction *Zinin reduction

References

External links

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