27 November

Events

Pre-1600

* AD 25 – Luoyang is declared capital of the Eastern Han dynasty by Emperor Guangwu of Han.
* 176 – Emperor Marcus Aurelius grants his son Commodus the rank of "Imperator" and makes him Supreme Commander of the Roman legions.
* 395 – Rufinus, praetorian prefect of the East, is murdered by Gothic mercenaries under Gainas.
* 511 – King Clovis I dies at Lutetia and is buried in the Abbey of St Genevieve.
* 602 – Byzantine Emperor Maurice is forced to watch as the usurper Phocas executes his five sons before Maurice is beheaded himself.
*1095 – Pope Urban II declares the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont.

1601–1900

*1727 – The foundation stone to the Jerusalem Church in Berlin is laid.
*1809 – The Berners Street hoax is perpetrated by Theodore Hook in the City of Westminster, London.
*1815 – Adoption of Constitution of the Kingdom of Poland.
*1830 – Saint Catherine Labouré experiences a Marian apparition.
*1835 – James Pratt and John Smith are hanged in London; they are the last two to be executed for sodomy in England.
*1839 – In Boston, Massachusetts, the American Statistical Association is founded.
*1856 – The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg's unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.
*1863 – American Civil War: Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and several of his men escape the Ohio Penitentiary and return safely to the South.
* 1863 – American Civil War: Battle of Mine Run: Union forces under General George Meade take up positions against troops led by Confederate General Robert E. Lee.
*1868 – American Indian Wars: Battle of Washita River: United States Army Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer leads an attack on Cheyenne living on reservation land.
*1895 – At the Swedish–Norwegian Club in Paris, Alfred Nobel signs his last will and testament, setting aside his estate to establish the Nobel Prize after he dies.
*1896 – '' Also sprach Zarathustra'' by Richard Strauss is first performed.

1901–present

*1901 – The U.S. Army War College is established.
*1912 – Spain declares a protectorate over the north shore of Morocco.
*1917 – P. E. Svinhufvud becomes the chairman of his first senate, technically the first Prime Minister of Finland.
*1918 – The Makhnovshchina is established.
*1924 – In New York City, the first Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is held.
*1940 – In Romania, the ruling Iron Guard fascist party assassinates over 60 of arrested King Carol II of Romania's aides and other political dissidents.
* 1940 – World War II: At the Battle of Cape Spartivento, the Royal Navy engages the Regia Marina in the Mediterranean Sea.
*1942 – World War II: At Toulon, the French navy scuttles its ships and submarines to keep them out of Nazi hands.
*1944 – World War II: RAF Fauld explosion: An explosion at a Royal Air Force ammunition dump in Staffordshire kills seventy people.
*1945 – CARE (then the Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe) is founded to send CARE Packages of food relief to Europe after World War II.
*1954 – Alger Hiss is released from prison after serving 44 months for perjury.
*1965 – Vietnam War: The Pentagon tells U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson that if planned operations are to succeed, the number of American troops in Vietnam has to be increased from 120,000 to 400,000.
*1968 – Penny Ann Early becomes the first woman to play major professional basketball for the Kentucky Colonels in an ABA game against the Los Angeles Stars.
*1971 – The Soviet space program's ''Mars 2'' orbiter releases a descent module. It malfunctions and crashes, but it is the first man-made object to reach the surface of Mars.
*1973 – Twenty-fifth Amendment: The United States Senate votes 92–3 to confirm Gerald Ford as Vice President of the United States. (On December 6, the House will confirm him 387–35).
*1975 – The Provisional IRA assassinates Ross McWhirter, after a press conference in which McWhirter had announced a reward for the capture of those responsible for multiple bombings and shootings across England.
*1978 – In San Francisco, city mayor George Moscone and openly gay city supervisor Harvey Milk are assassinated by former supervisor Dan White.
* 1978 – The Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) is founded in the Turkish village of Fis.
*1983 – Avianca Flight 011: A Boeing 747 crashes near Madrid's Barajas Airport, killing 181.
*1984 – Under the Brussels Agreement signed between the governments of the United Kingdom and Spain, the former agrees to enter into discussions with Spain over Gibraltar, including sovereignty.
*1989 – Avianca Flight 203: A Boeing 727 explodes in mid-air over Colombia, killing all 107 people on board and three people on the ground. The Medellín Cartel will claim responsibility for the attack.
*1992 – For the second time in a year, military forces try to overthrow president Carlos Andrés Pérez in Venezuela.
*1997 – Twenty-five people are killed in the second Souhane massacre in Algeria.
*1999 – The centre-left Labour Party takes control of the New Zealand government with leader Helen Clark becoming the first elected female Prime Minister in New Zealand's history.
*2001 – A hydrogen atmosphere is discovered on the extrasolar planet Osiris by the Hubble Space Telescope, the first atmosphere detected on an extrasolar planet.
*2004 – Pope John Paul II returns the relics of Saint John Chrysostom to the Eastern Orthodox Church.
*2006 – The House of Commons of Canada approves a motion introduced by Prime Minister Stephen Harper recognizing the Québécois as a nation within Canada.
*2008 – XL Airways Germany Flight 888T: An Airbus A320 performing a flight test crashes near the French commune of Canet-en-Roussillon, killing all seven people on board.
*2009 – Nevsky Express bombing: A bomb explodes on the Nevsky Express train between Moscow and Saint Petersburg, derailing it and causing 28 deaths and 96 injuries.
*2015 – An active shooter inside a Planned Parenthood facility in Colorado Springs, Colorado, shoots at least four police officers. One officer later dies. Two civilians are also killed, and six injured. The shooter later surrendered.
*2020 – Iran's top nuclear scientist, Mohsen Fakhrizadeh, is assassinated near Tehran.
* 2020 – Days after the announcement of its discovery, the Utah monolith is removed by recreationists.

Births

Pre-1600

* 111 – Antinous, Greek favourite of Hadrian (d. 130)
*1127 – Emperor Xiaozong of Song (d. 1194)
*1380 – King Ferdinand I of Aragon (d. 1416)
* 1422 – Gaston IV, Count of Foix, French nobleman (d. 1472)
*1548 – Jacopo Mazzoni, Italian philosopher (d. 1598)
*1558 – Mingyi Swa, Crown Prince of Burma (d. 1593)
*1576 – Shimazu Tadatsune, Japanese daimyō (d. 1638)
*1582 – Pierre Dupuy, French historian and scholar (d. 1651)

1601–1900

*1630 – Sigismund Francis, Archduke of Austria (d. 1665)
*1635 – Françoise d'Aubigné, Marquise de Maintenon, second wife of Louis XIV of France (d. 1719)
*1640 – Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland (d. 1709)
*1701 – Anders Celsius, Swedish astronomer, physicist, and mathematician (d. 1744)
*1710 – Robert Lowth, English bishop and academic (d. 1787)
*1746 – Robert R. Livingston, American lawyer and politician, 1st United States Secretary for Foreign Affairs (d. 1813)
* 1746 – Increase Sumner, American lawyer, jurist, and politician, 5th Governor of Massachusetts (d. 1799)
*1754 – Georg Forster, German-Polish ethnologist and journalist (d. 1794)
*1759 – Franz Krommer, Czech violinist and composer (d. 1831)
*1779 – Aimé, duc de Clermont-Tonnerre, French general and politician, French Minister of Defence (d. 1865)
*1804 – Julius Benedict, German-English conductor and composer (d. 1885)
*1809 – Fanny Kemble, English actress, playwright, and poet (d. 1893)
*1814 – Charles-François-Frédéric, marquis de Montholon-Sémonville, French politician and diplomat, French ambassador to the United States (d. 1886)
*1820 – Rachel Brooks Gleason, fourth woman to earn a medical degree in the United States (d. 1905)
*1823 – James Service, Scottish-Australian politician, 12th Premier of Victoria (d. 1899)
*1833 – Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge (d. 1897)
*1843 – Cornelius Vanderbilt II, American businessman (d. 1899)
*1845 – Frederic Crowninshield, American artist and author (d. 1918)
*1853 – Frank Dicksee, English painter and illustrator (d. 1928)
*1857 – Charles Scott Sherrington, English physiologist, bacteriologist, and pathologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1952)
*1859 – William Bliss Baker, American painter (d. 1886)
*1865 – Janez Evangelist Krek, Slovene priest, journalist, and politician (d. 1917)
*1867 – Charles Koechlin, French composer and educator (d. 1950)
*1870 – Juho Kusti Paasikivi, Finnish academic and politician, 7th President of Finland (d. 1956)
*1871 – Giovanni Giorgi, Italian physicist and engineer (d. 1950)
*1874 – Charles A. Beard, American historian, author, and educator, co-founded The New School (d. 1948)
* 1874 – Chaim Weizmann, Belarusian-Israeli chemist and politician, 1st President of Israel (d. 1952)
*1875 – Julius Lenhart, Austrian gymnast (d. 1962)
*1877 – Katharine Anthony, American biographer (d. 1965)
*1878 – Jatindramohan Bagchi, Indian poet and critic (d. 1948)
* 1878 – Charles Dvorak, American pole vaulter and coach (d. 1969)
*1885 – Daniel Mendaille, French actor (d. 1963)
* 1885 – Liviu Rebreanu, Romanian author and playwright (d. 1944)
*1886 – Tsuguharu Foujita, Japanese–French painter and printmaker (d. 1968)
*1887 – Masaharu Homma, Japanese general (d. 1946)
*1888 – Ganesh Vasudev Mavalankar, Indian activist and politician, 1st Speaker of the Lok Sabha (d. 1956)
*1894 – Konosuke Matsushita, Japanese businessman, founded Panasonic (d. 1989)
* 1894 – Katherine Milhous, American author and illustrator (d. 1977)
* 1894 – Amphilochius of Pochayiv, Ukrainian monk and saint (d. 1971)
*1898 – Fredric Warburg, English author and publisher (d. 1981)
*1900 – Jovette Bernier, Canadian journalist, author, and radio show host (d. 1981)

1901–present

*1901 – Ted Husing, American sportscaster (d. 1962)
*1903 – Lars Onsager, Norwegian-American chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1976)
*1905 – Astrid Allwyn, American actress (d. 1978)
*1907 – Harivansh Rai Bachchan, Indian poet and author (d. 2003)
* 1907 – L. Sprague de Camp, American historian and author (d. 2000)
*1909 – James Agee, American novelist, screenwriter, and critic (d. 1955)
* 1909 – Anatoly Maltsev, Russian mathematician and theorist (d. 1967)
*1911 – Fe del Mundo, Filipino pediatrician and educator (d. 2011)
* 1911 – David Merrick, American director and producer (d. 2000)
*1912 – Connie Sawyer, American actress (d. 2018)
*1916 – Chick Hearn, American sportscaster and actor (d. 2002)
*1917 – Buffalo Bob Smith, American actor and television host (d. 1998)
*1918 – Stephen Elliott, American actor (d. 2005)
*1920 – Abe Lenstra, Dutch footballer (d. 1985)
* 1920 – Buster Merryfield, English actor (d. 1999)
* 1920 – Cal Worthington, Automobile dealer and television personality (d. 2013)
*1921 – Dora Dougherty Strother, American pilot and academic (d. 2013)
* 1921 – Alexander Dubček, Slovak soldier and politician (d. 1992)
*1922 – Hall Bartlett, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 1993)
* 1922 – Nicholas Magallanes, American principal dancer and charter member of the New York City Ballet (d. 1977)
*1923 – J. Ernest Wilkins Jr., American nuclear scientist, mechanical engineer and mathematician (d. 2011)
*1925 – John Maddox, Welsh chemist, physicist, and journalist (d. 2009)
* 1925 – Marshall Thompson, American actor, director, and screenwriter (d. 1992)
* 1925 – Derroll Adams, American folk singer-songwriter and musician (d. 2000)
* 1925 – Ernie Wise, English actor, comedian, singer, and screenwriter (d. 1999)
*1926 – Chae Myung-shin, South Korean general (d. 2013)
*1927 – Carlos José Castilho, Brazilian footballer and manager (d. 1987)
* 1927 – William E. Simon, American soldier and politician, 63rd United States Secretary of the Treasury (d. 2000)
*1928 – Alekos Alexandrakis, Greek actor and director (d. 2005)
* 1928 – Josh Kirby, English painter and illustrator (d. 2001)
*1929 – Alan Simpson, English screenwriter and producer (d. 2017)
*1930 – Joe DeNardo, American meteorologist (d. 2018)
* 1930 – Dick Poole, Australian rugby league player and coach
* 1930 – Rex Shelley, Singaporean engineer and author (d. 2009)
*1932 – Benigno Aquino Jr., Filipino journalist and politician (d. 1983)
*1933 – Jacques Godbout, Canadian journalist, author, director, and screenwriter
* 1933 – Gordon S. Wood, American historian and academic
*1934 – Ammo Baba, Iraqi footballer and manager (d. 2009)
* 1934 – Al Jackson, Jr., American drummer, songwriter, and producer (d. 1975)
* 1934 – Gilbert Strang, American mathematician and academic
*1935 – Les Blank, American director and producer (d. 2013)
* 1935 – Daniel Charles, French musicologist and philosopher (d. 2008)
* 1935 – Willie Pastrano, American boxer (d. 1997)
*1936 – Gail Sheehy, American journalist and author (d. 2020)
*1938 – John Ashworth, English biologist and academic
* 1938 – Apolo Nsibambi, Ugandan academic and politician, Prime Minister of Uganda (d. 2019)
*1939 – Dave Giusti, American baseball player and manager
* 1939 – Laurent-Désiré Kabila, Congolese politician, President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (d. 2001)
*1940 – Bruce Lee, American-Chinese actor, martial artist, and screenwriter (d. 1973)
*1941 – Aimé Jacquet, French footballer, coach, and manager
* 1941 – Eddie Rabbitt, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 1998)
* 1941 – Louis van Dijk, Dutch pianist (d. 2020)
*1942 – Henry Carr, American football player and sprinter (d. 2015)
* 1942 – Marilyn Hacker, American poet and critic
* 1942 – Jimi Hendrix, American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer (d. 1970)
*1943 – Nicole Brossard, Canadian author and poet
* 1943 – Jil Sander, German fashion designer
*1944 – Mickey Leland, American activist and politician (d. 1989)
*1945 – James Avery, American actor (d. 2013)
* 1945 – Phil Bloom, Dutch model and actress
* 1945 – Randy Brecker, American trumpeter and flugelhornist
* 1945 – Alain de Cadenet, English race car driver
* 1945 – Benigno Fitial, Mariana Islander businessman and politician, 7th Governor of the Northern Mariana Islands
* 1945 – Simon Townsend, Australian journalist and television host
*1946 – Richard Codey, American politician, 53rd Governor of New Jersey
* 1946 – Ismaïl Omar Guelleh, Ethiopian-Djiboutian lawyer and politician, President of Djibouti
*1947 – Don Adams, American basketball player (d. 2013)
* 1947 – Neil Rosenshein, American tenor and actor
*1949 – Masanori Sekiya, Japanese race car driver
*1950 – Gavyn Davies, English journalist and businessman
*1951 – Kathryn Bigelow, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1951 – Vera Fischer, Brazilian actress, winner from Miss Brasil 1969 contest
* 1951 – Gunnar Graps, Estonian singer and guitarist (d. 2004)
*1952 – Sheila Copps, Canadian journalist and politician, 6th Deputy Prime Minister of Canada
* 1952 – Bappi Lahiri, Indian singer-songwriter and producer
* 1952 – Jim Wetherbee, American captain, engineer, and astronaut
*1953 – Curtis Armstrong, American actor, singer, and producer
* 1953 – Steve Bannon, American media executive and political figure
* 1953 – Boris Grebenshchikov, Russian singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1953 – Tarmo Kõuts, Estonian admiral and politician
* 1953 – Lyle Mays, American keyboardist and composer (d. 2020)
* 1953 – Richard Stone, American composer (d. 2001)
*1954 – Arthur Smith, English comedian, actor, and screenwriter
*1955 – Pierre Mondou, Canadian ice hockey player
* 1955 – Bill Nye, American engineer, educator, and television host
*1956 – William Fichtner, American actor
* 1956 – John McCarthy, English journalist and author
* 1956 – Nazrin Shah of Perak, Sultan of Perak
*1957 – Kenny Acheson, Northern Irish race car driver
* 1957 – Frank Boeijen, Dutch singer-songwriter and guitarist
* 1957 – Caroline Kennedy, American lawyer and diplomat, 29th United States Ambassador to Japan, daughter of President John F. Kennedy
* 1957 – Callie Khouri, American director, producer, and screenwriter
* 1957 – Michael A. Stackpole, American game designer and author
* 1957 – Edda Heiðrún Backman, Icelandic actress, singer, director and artist (d. 2016)
*1958 – Tetsuya Komuro, Japanese singer-songwriter, and producer
* 1958 – Mike Scioscia, American baseball player and manager
*1959 – Charlie Burchill, Scottish guitarist and songwriter
* 1959 – Viktoria Mullova, Russian violinist
*1960 – Kevin Henkes, American author and illustrator
* 1960 – Ken O'Brien, American football player and coach
* 1960 – Tim Pawlenty, American lawyer and politician, 39th Governor of Minnesota
* 1960 – Yulia Tymoshenko

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