1914 In Norway on:
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Events in the year 1914 in
*4 January – Fredrik Stabel, illustrator and satirical writer (died
*21 January –
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...
.
Incumbents
*Monarch
A monarch is a head of stateWebster's II New College DictionarMonarch Houghton Mifflin. Boston. 2001. p. 707. Life tenure, for life or until abdication, and therefore the head of state of a monarchy. A monarch may exercise the highest authority ...
– Haakon VII
Haakon VII (; born Prince Carl of Denmark; 3 August 187221 September 1957) was the King of Norway from November 1905 until his death in September 1957.
Originally a Danish prince, he was born in Copenhagen as the son of the future Frederick VI ...
*Prime Minister
A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is not ...
– Gunnar Knudsen
Gunnar Knudsen (19 September 1848 – 1 December 1928), born Aanon Gunerius Knudsen, was a Norwegian politician from the Liberal Party who served as the 11th Prime Minister of Norway twice from 1908 to 1910 and from 1913 to 1920. He also inherited ...
Events
*May 5
Events Pre-1600
* 553 – The Second Council of Constantinople begins.
*1215 – Rebel barons renounce their allegiance to King John of England — part of a chain of events leading to the signing of the Magna Carta.
* 1260 – Ku ...
– November 11
Events Pre-1600
* 308 – At Carnuntum, Emperor ''emeritus'' Diocletian confers with Galerius, ''Augustus'' of the East, and Maximianus, the recently returned former ''Augustus'' of the West, in an attempt to end the civil wars of the T ...
– The Jubilee Exhibition (''Jubilæumsutstillingen'') is held at Kristiania
Oslo ( , , or ; sma, Oslove) is the capital and most populous city of Norway. It constitutes both a county and a municipality. The municipality of Oslo had a population of in 2022, while the city's greater urban area had a population of ...
, Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...
, to mark the centennial of the country's Constitution
A constitution is the aggregate of fundamental principles or established precedents that constitute the legal basis of a polity, organisation or other type of Legal entity, entity and commonly determine how that entity is to be governed.
When ...
.
Popular culture
Sports
*25 June –Aalesunds FK
Aalesunds Fotballklubb, commonly known as Aalesund or AaFK, is a Norwegian football club from the town of Ã…lesund, that competes in the Eliteserien, the first tier of the Norwegian football league system. The club was founded on 25 June 1914. A ...
football club was founded.
Music
Film
Literature
*''Vaaren
''Vaaren'' is a novel written by Norwegian Nobel laureate Sigrid Undset
Sigrid Undset () (20 May 1882 – 10 June 1949) was a Norwegian-Danish novelist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1928.
Undset was born in Kalundborg, D ...
'', novel by Sigrid Undset
Sigrid Undset () (20 May 1882 – 10 June 1949) was a Norwegian-Danish novelist who was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1928.
Undset was born in Kalundborg, Denmark, but her family moved to Norway when she was two years old. In 1924, ...
.
* The Olav Duun
Olav Duun (21 November 1876 – 13 September 1939) was a noteworthy author of Norwegian fiction. He is generally recognized to be one of the more outstanding writers in Norwegian literature. He once lacked only one vote to receive the Nobel ...
novel ''Tre venner'' (''Three Friends'') was published.
Births
*4 January – Fredrik Stabel, illustrator and satirical writer (died 2001
The September 11 attacks against the United States by Al-Qaeda, which Casualties of the September 11 attacks, killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror, were a defining event of 2001. The United States led a Participants in ...
)
*31 January – Hans Martin Gulbrandsen, canoeist (died 1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
)
*4 February – Tore Holthe, rear admiral (died 1973
Events January
* January 1 - The United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland and Denmark enter the European Economic Community, which later becomes the European Union.
* January 15 – Vietnam War: Citing progress in peace negotiations, U.S. ...
)
*3 March – Håkon Johnsen
HÃ¥kon Armand Menzoni Johnsen (3 March 1914 – 17 October 1991) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.
He was born in Trondheim.
He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from the Market towns of Sør-Trøndelag and Nord-Trøndel ...
, politician (died 1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phil ...
)
*7 March – Knut Bergsland
Knut Bergsland (7 March 1914 – 9 July 1998) was a Norwegian linguist. Working as a professor at the University of Oslo from 1947 to 1981, he did groundbreaking research in Uralic (especially Sami) and Eskaleut languages.
Career
He was born in Kr ...
, linguist (died 1998
1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''.
Events January
* January 6 – The '' Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently ...
)
*7 March – Arne Jensen, banker (died 2002)
*18 March – Trygve Haugeland
Trygve Haugeland (18 March 1914 – 10 December 1998) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.
Biography
He was born in Lyngdal.
He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Vest-Agder in 1958, but was not re-elected in 196 ...
, politician and Minister (died 1998
1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''.
Events January
* January 6 – The '' Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently ...
)
*20 March – Lilly Bølviken
Lilly Helena Bølviken (20 March 1914 – 11 September 2011) was a Norwegian judge and women's rights advocate. She became the first woman to be appointed as supreme court justice in Norway in 1968 and previously served as the only female judge o ...
, judge (died 2011
File:2011 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: a protester partaking in Occupy Wall Street heralds the beginning of the Occupy movement; protests against Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi, who was killed that October; a young man celebrate ...
)
*9 April – Ottar Fjærvoll
Ottar Fjærvoll (9 April 1914 - 28 September 1995) was a Norwegian politician from the Centre Party.
He was appointed State Secretary in the Ministry of Fisheries from 1966 to 1968, during the cabinet Borten. He served as a deputy representati ...
, politician (died 1995
File:1995 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: O.J. Simpson is O. J. Simpson murder case, acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman from the 1994, year prior in "The Trial of the Century" in the United States; The ...
)
*28 April – Johan Møller Warmedal, politician (died 1988
File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Australian ...
)
*29 April – Erling Evensen, cross country skier and Olympic bronze medallist (died 1998
1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''.
Events January
* January 6 – The '' Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently ...
)
*26 May – Edel Eckblad
Edel Eckblad (26 May 1914 – 12 October 1994). Retrieved on 27 March 2009. was a Norwegian actress.
She acted out of Studioteatret from 1945 to 1950 and Riksteatret from 1951 to 1963 and 1975 to her death. Between 1963 and 1975 she was freelancin ...
, actress (died 1994
File:1994 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 1994 Winter Olympics are held in Lillehammer, Norway; The Kaiser Permanente building after the 1994 Northridge earthquake; A model of the MS Estonia, which Sinking of the MS Estonia, sank in ...
)
*2 June – Alfred Thommesen
Alfred Thommesen (2 June 1914 – 31 December 1988) was a Norwegian shipowner and politician for the Conservative Party.
He was born in Flosta.
He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Aust-Agder in 1958, and was re-elected on three ...
, ship owner and politician (died 1988
File:1988 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The oil platform Piper Alpha explodes and collapses in the North Sea, killing 165 workers; The USS Vincennes (CG-49) mistakenly shoots down Iran Air Flight 655; Australia celebrates its Australian ...
)
*8 June – Kåre Siem, musician and writer (died 1986
The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles.
**Spain and Portugal ente ...
)
*13 June – Olav Aase
Olav Aase (13 June 1914 – 26 August 1992) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party. He was born in Flekkefjord.
He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from the Market towns of Vest-Agder and Rogaland cou ...
, politician (died 1992
File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...
)
*16 June – Otto Dahl, politician (died 1978
Events January
* January 1 – Air India Flight 855, a Boeing 747 passenger jet, crashes off the coast of Bombay, killing 213.
* January 5 – Bülent Ecevit, of Republican People's Party, CHP, forms the new government of Turkey (42nd go ...
)
*17 June – Halvor Thorbjørn Hjertvik
Halvor Thorbjørn Hjertvik (17 June 1914 - 7 November 1995) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Rogaland
Rogaland () is a Counties of Norway, coun ...
, politician (died 1995
File:1995 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: O.J. Simpson is O. J. Simpson murder case, acquitted of the murders of Nicole Brown Simpson and Ronald Goldman from the 1994, year prior in "The Trial of the Century" in the United States; The ...
)
*26 June – Arnfinn Severin Roald
Arnfinn Severin Roald (26 June 1914 – 16 January 1983) was a Norwegian politician for the Norwegian Labour Party, Labour Party.
He was born in Vigra.
Roald, who belonged to Møre og Romsdal, was never elected directly to the Stortinget, N ...
, politician (died 1983
The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call.
Events January
* January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to Internet protocol suite, TCP/IP is officially completed (this is consid ...
)
*30 June – Magnar Hellebust
Magnar Hellebust (30 June 1914 – 15 February 2008) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party of Norway, Liberal Party.
He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Troms during the terms 1969–1973 and 19 ...
, politician (died 2008
File:2008 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Lehman Brothers went bankrupt following the Subprime mortgage crisis; Cyclone Nargis killed more than 138,000 in Myanmar; A scene from the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing; ...
)
*5 July – Toralf Westermoen
Toralf Westermoen (July 5, 1914 – May 6, 1986) was a pioneer for the development of high speed craft in Norway. Westermoen was involved in the companies ''Båtservice Verft'', '' Westermoen Båtbyggeri og Mek. Verksted '', '' Westermoen Hydro ...
, engineer, pioneer for the development of high speed craft (died 1986
The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations.
Events January
* January 1
** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles.
**Spain and Portugal ente ...
)
*6 July – Inga Lovise Tusvik, politician (died 1992
File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...
)
*23 July – Reidar Kvammen
Reidar Kvammen (23 July 1914 – 27 October 1998) was a Norwegian football (soccer), footballer. Kvammen was an inside-forward who played his entire career for Viking F.K., Viking, and is regarded as one of Norway's greatest footballers of al ...
, international soccer player (died 1998
1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''.
Events January
* January 6 – The '' Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently ...
)
*23 July – Alf Prøysen
Alf Prøysen () (23 July 1914 – 23 November 1970) was a Norwegian author, poet, playwright, songwriter and musician.
Prøysen was one of the most important Norwegian cultural personalities in the second half of the 20th century. He wor ...
, writer and musician (died 1970
Events
January
* January 1 – Unix time epoch reached at 00:00:00 UTC.
* January 5 – The 7.1 Tonghai earthquake shakes Tonghai County, Yunnan province, China, with a maximum Mercalli intensity scale, Mercalli intensity of X (''Extrem ...
)
*9 August – Leif Hamre, military officer and children's writer (died 2007)
*18 August – Oddvar Sponberg
Oddvar Sponberg (18 August 1914 – 14 March 1975) was a Norway, Norwegian race walking, race walker.
He finished fourth in the 50 km race at the 1946 European Championships in Athletics, 1946 European Championships and twelfth at the 1950 Eu ...
, race walker (died 1975
It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe.
Events
January
* January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
)
*24 August – Rolf Holmberg, soccer player and Olympic bronze medallist (died 1979
Events
January
* January 1
** United Nations Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim heralds the start of the ''International Year of the Child''. Many musicians donate to the ''Music for UNICEF Concert'' fund, among them ABBA, who write the song ...
)
*24 August – Ivar Iversen
Ivar Iversen (24 August 1914 – 19 August 2012) was a Norwegian sprint canoeist who competed from the late 1930s to the late 1940s. He won a gold medal in the K-1 4 x 500 m event at the 1948 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Lond ...
, canoeist (died 2012
File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
)
*21 September – Else Hagen, visual artist (died 2010).
*30 September – Bjarne Flem
Bjarne Flem (30 September 1914 – 8 December 1999) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.
He was born in Haram.
He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Møre og Romsdal in 1965, and was re-elected on one occasion. He h ...
, politician (died 1999
File:1999 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The funeral procession of King Hussein of Jordan in Amman; the 1999 Ä°zmit earthquake kills over 17,000 people in Turkey; the Columbine High School massacre, one of the first major school shootin ...
)
*6 October – Thor Heyerdahl
Thor Heyerdahl KStJ (; 6 October 1914 – 18 April 2002) was a Norwegian adventurer and ethnographer with a background in zoology, botany and geography.
Heyerdahl is notable for his ''Kon-Tiki'' expedition in 1947, in which he sailed 8,000&nb ...
, ethnographer and adventurer (died 2002
File:2002 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The 2002 Winter Olympics are held in Salt Lake City; Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and her daughter Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon die; East Timor gains East Timor independence, indepe ...
)
*27 October – Rolv Ryssdal
Rolv Einar Rasmussen Ryssdal (27 October 1914 – 18 February 1998) was a Norwegian judge.
From 1969 to 1984 he was the 16th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. He was Vice President of the European Court of Human Rights from 1981 to 1985 and Pre ...
, judge (died 1998
1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''.
Events January
* January 6 – The '' Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently ...
)
Full date unknown
*Undis Blikken
Undis Blikken (7 May 1914 – 22 January 1992) was a Norwegian female speed skating pioneer.
She won the unofficial World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Women in 1934, ahead of Verné Lesche from Finland. Her winning time on the 1 ...
, female speed skating pioneer and World Champion (died 1992
File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...
)
*Sigurd Engelstad
Sigurd Engelstad (2 August 1914 – 16 January 2006) was a Norway, Norwegian genealogist and archivist.
Engelstad was born at Hadsel in Nordland, Norway. He was the son of jurist Sigurd Engelstad (1878–1916) and older brother of writer Carl Fred ...
, genealogist and archivist (died 2006
File:2006 Events Collage V1.png, From top left, clockwise: The 2006 Winter Olympics open in Turin; Twitter is founded and launched by Jack Dorsey; The Nintendo Wii is released; Montenegro 2006 Montenegrin independence referendum, votes to declare ...
)
* Arnholdt Kongsgaard, ski jumper (died 1991
File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the Phil ...
)
* Gotfred Kvifte, physicist (died 1997
File:1997 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The movie set of ''Titanic'', the highest-grossing movie in history at the time; ''Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone'', is published; Comet Hale-Bopp passes by Earth and becomes one of t ...
)
*Jens Christian Mellbye
Jens Christian Mellbye (4 February 1914 – 31 March 1993) was a Norwegian judge. He served as a Supreme Court Justice from 1968 to 1992.
He was born in Oslo as a son of barrister Gunnar Lange Mellbye (1884–1958) and Aagot Maartmann-Moe (1888– ...
, judge (died 1993
File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The Russian White House is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis; Czechoslovakia is peace ...
)
*Gunnar Randers
Gunnar Randers (21 April 1914 – 7 February 1992) was a Norwegian physicist. He is known as the principal figure within Norwegian nuclear research after World War II.
He was employed at the Mount Wilson Observatory from 1939 to 1940, and at the Y ...
, physicist (died 1992
File:1992 Events Collage V1.png, From left, clockwise: 1992 Los Angeles riots, Riots break out across Los Angeles, California after the Police brutality, police beating of Rodney King; El Al Flight 1862 crashes into a residential apartment buildi ...
)
* Øistein Strømnæs, intelligence officer (died 1980
Events January
* January 4 – U.S. President Jimmy Carter proclaims a grain embargo against the USSR with the support of the European Commission.
* January 6 – Global Positioning System time epoch begins at 00:00 UTC.
* January 9 – ...
)
*Anne Margrethe Strømsheim
)
, allegiance=Norway
, branch=Norwegian Army
, serviceyears=1940–1945
, rank=
, unit=• Hegra Fortress• Norwegian resistance movement
, commands=
, battles=World War II
* Battle of Hegra Fortress
* Resistance to the occupation of Norway
, ...
, resistance member (died 2008
File:2008 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Lehman Brothers went bankrupt following the Subprime mortgage crisis; Cyclone Nargis killed more than 138,000 in Myanmar; A scene from the opening ceremony of the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing; ...
)
Deaths
*21 January – Theodor Kittelsen
Theodor Severin Kittelsen (27 April 1857 – 21 January 1914) was a Norwegian artist. He is one of the most popular artists in Norway. Kittelsen became famous for his nature paintings, as well as for his illustrations of fairy tales and legend ...
, artist (born 1857
Events January–March
* January 1 – The biggest Estonian newspaper, ''Postimees'', is established by Johann Voldemar Jannsen.
* January 7 – The partly French-owned London General Omnibus Company begins operating.
* Janua ...
)
*3 February – Johannes Skar
Johannes Skar (18 November 1837 – 3 February 1914) was a Norwegian educator and folklorist.
Biography
Skar was born at Øyer in Oppland, Norway. He was the son of Ole Torsteinsson Skar (1802-1886) and Mari Johannesdotter Lånke (1814-1 ...
, educator and folklorist (b. 1837
Events
January–March
* January 1 – The destructive Galilee earthquake causes 6,000–7,000 casualties in Ottoman Syria.
* January 26 – Michigan becomes the 26th state admitted to the United States.
* February – Charles Dickens's ...
).
*19 April – Frederik Collett
Frederik Jonas Lucian Bothfield Collett (25 March 1839 – 19 April 1914) was a Norwegian painter, perhaps most associated with his winter pictures from the region around Lillehammer, Norway.
Background
Collett was born at Christiania, Norway. H ...
, painter (born 1839
Events
January–March
* January 2 – The first photograph of the Moon is taken, by French photographer Louis Daguerre.
* January 6 – Night of the Big Wind: Ireland is struck by the most damaging cyclone in 300 years.
* January 9 – T ...
)
*11 September – Edvard Larsen
Edvard Larsen (''Martin Edvard Larsen;'' 27 October 1881 – 10 September 1914) was a Norway, Norwegian triple jumper. He represented Kristiania IF.
At the 1908 Summer Olympics held in London he won the bronze medal with a jump of 14.39 me ...
, triple jumper and Olympic bronze medallist (born 1881
Events
January–March
* January 1– 24 – Siege of Geok Tepe: Russian troops under General Mikhail Skobelev defeat the Turkomans.
* January 13 – War of the Pacific – Battle of San Juan and Chorrillos: The C ...
)
*1 October – Kitty Lange Kielland
Kitty Lange Kielland (8 October 1843 – 1 October 1914) was a Norwegian landscape painter.
Early life and training
Kielland was born to an affluent family in Stavanger, the older sister of Alexander Kielland. Kielland's interactions with her b ...
, painter (born 1843
Events January–March
* January
** Serial publication of Charles Dickens's novel ''Martin Chuzzlewit'' begins in London; in the July chapters, he lands his hero in the United States.
** Edgar Allan Poe's short story "The Tell-Tale Heart" ...
)
*30 October – Johan Christopher Brun, pharmacist and politician (born 1838
Events
January–March
* January 10 – A fire destroys Lloyd's Coffee House and the Royal Exchange in London.
* January 11 – At Morristown, New Jersey, Samuel Morse, Alfred Vail and Leonard Gale give the first public demonstration o ...
)
Full date unknown
*Niels Stockfleth Darre Eckhoff
Niels Stockfleth Darre Eckhoff (5 January 1831 – 26 September 1914) was a Norway, Norwegian architect.
He was born in Trondheim, Throndhjem as the son of Christian Martin Eckhoff and his wife Nicoline Johanne Luytkis. He married Nicoline Oti ...
, architect (born 1831
Events
January–March
* January 1 – William Lloyd Garrison begins publishing '' The Liberator'', an anti-slavery newspaper, in Boston, Massachusetts.
* January 10 – Japanese department store, Takashimaya in Kyoto establ ...
)
See also
References
External links
{{Year in Europe, 1914Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...
Norway
Norway, officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a Nordic country in Northern Europe, the mainland territory of which comprises the western and northernmost portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula. The remote Arctic island of Jan Mayen and t ...