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List Of Families Of Diptera
This is a list of the families of the order Diptera (true flies). The classification is based largely on Pape ''et al.'' (2011). Many of the fossil species are of uncertain placement and are retained in separate lists broadly under Nematocera and Brachycera. Nematocera Infraorder Deuterophlebiomorpha *Deuterophlebiidae Edwards, 1922 Infraorder Nymphomyiomorpha *Nymphomyiidae Tokunaga, 1932 Infraorder Tipulomorpha *Tipulidae Latreille, 1802 *Cylindrotomidae Schiner, 1863 *Trichoceridae Rondani, 1841 Synonym: Petauristidae. *Pediciidae Osten-Sacken, 1859 * Limoniidae Rondani, 1856 Infraorder Ptychopteromorpha *Ptychopteridae Osten-Sacken, 1862 Synonyms: Liriopeidae, Liriopidae. Infraorder Psychodomorpha *Blephariceridae Loew, 1861 Synonym: Blepharoceridae. *Psychodidae Newman, 1834 Synonyms: Nemopalpidae, Phlebotomidae, Trichomyiidae. *Tanyderidae Osten-Sacken, 1880 Synonym: Macrochilidae. Infraorder Culicomorpha *Dixidae Schiner, 1868 *Corethrellidae Edwards, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deuterophlebiidae
The fly genus ''Deuterophlebia'' is the sole member of the small monogeneric family Deuterophlebiidae or mountain midges. Adults have broad, fan-shaped wings, and males have extremely long antennae which they employ when contesting territories over running water, waiting for females to hatch. Larvae occur in swiftly flowing streams and are easily recognized by their forked antennae and the prolegs on the abdomen. One classification places this family in its own infraorder Deuterophlebiomorpha, but this has not gained wide acceptance. A recent phylogeny of the entire order Diptera places them as the sister group to all other flies. Species Catalogue of Life accepts the following species within ''Deuterophlebia:'' * ''Deuterophlebia bicarinata'' Courtney, 1994 * '' Deuterophlebia blepharis'' Courtney, 1994 * ''Deuterophlebia brachyrhina'' Courtney, 1994 * ''Deuterophlebia coloradensis'' Pennak, 1945 * ''Deuterophlebia inyoensis'' Kennedy, 1960 * ''Deuterophlebia mirabilis'' Ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dixidae
The Dixidae (meniscus midges) are a family (biology), family of aquatic insect, aquatic nematoceran fly, flies (Diptera). The larvae live in unpolluted, standing fresh waters, just beneath the surface film, usually amongst marginal aquatic vegetation. They are found in all continents except Antarctica. Description For terms see Morphology of Diptera Dixidae are small (body length not more than 5.0 mm) slender gnats with thin legs. The head is relatively broad. The antennae are thin and the flagellum has 14 segments. The proboscis is short and thick and the palpi are five-segmented. The thorax is slightly convex. The wing veins are without scales (with scales in the closely related family Culicidae. The subcosta is fused with the costa at the level of the base of Rs or slightly proximal to this. The wing venation exhibits radial, medial, and cubital forks (R 4 branched, M 2 branched, Cu 2 branched). R 2+ 3 is strongly arched, the r–m crossvein is distinct, and the discal ce ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Frederick Knab
Frederick Knab (September 22, 1865 – November 2, 1918) was an artist and entomologist active from the 1880s through the 1918, most noted for his oil paintings and illustrations and his work with coleopterous and dipterous insects. Knab was born September 22, 1865, in Würzburg, Bavaria and came to the United States as a boy of eight with his parents, Oscar and Josephine Knab, who settled in Chicopee, Massachusetts in 1873. His father was an engraver and painter and an uncle was court painter to the King of Bavaria. In his youth, Knab showed artistic talent and a strong interest in the natural sciences, especially entomology. He studied the classic works of Charles Darwin, Alfred Russel Wallace, and Henry Walter Bates and accumulated a large collection of insects, particularly beetles (Order Coleoptera), and became an active member of the Springfield (Massachusetts) Zoological Club and an active correspondent with other coleopterists. In 1885, Knab undertook a sixteen mo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anisopodidae
The Anisopodidae are a small cosmopolitan family of gnat-like flies known as wood gnats or window-gnats, with 154 described extant species in 15 genera, and several described fossil taxa. Some species are saprophagous or fungivorous. They are mostly small to medium-sized flies, except the genera ''Olbiogaster'' and ''Lobogaster'', which are large with bizarrely spatulated abdomens. Their phylogenetic placement is controversial. They have been proposed to be the sister group to the higher flies, the Brachycera. Some authors consider this group to be four distinct families – Anisopodidae, Mycetobiidae, Olbiogastridae, and Valeseguyidae. Description For terms see Morphology of Diptera. Authors disagree on the circumscription Circumscription may refer to: *Circumscribed circle * Circumscription (logic) *Circumscription (taxonomy) *Circumscription theory, a theory about the origins of the political state in the history of human evolution proposed by the American anthrop ... o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perissommatidae
The Perissommatidae are a family of flies (Diptera) that was proposed in 1962 by Donald Colless based on the species ''Perissomma fusca'' from Australia. The family now includes five extant species within the single genus ''Perissomma'', four from Australia and one from Chile. The Perissommatidae are unusual as they appear to have four compound eyes. They have a small slender body less than 2 mm in length. Their wings are large in comparison to their bodies and subsequently their flight is weak. Preferring high-altitude forest environments, adults only fly in the winter. The larvae live in decaying leaf litter in wet sclerophyll or cool rain forests. Some species are suspected to be associated with fungi. In the case of ''Perissomma macalpinei'', numbers of adults have been observed congregating in clumps of foliage and rising in short, zigzag flights in the sunlight above the foliage for short periods before descending. Fossils of the family are known from the Middle Jurassi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chironomidae
The Chironomidae (informally known as chironomids, nonbiting midges, or lake flies) comprise a family of nematoceran flies with a global distribution. They are closely related to the Ceratopogonidae, Simuliidae, and Thaumaleidae. Many species superficially resemble mosquitoes, but they lack the wing scales and elongated mouthparts of the Culicidae. The name Chironomidae stems from the Ancient Greek word ''kheironómos'', "a pantomimist". Common names and biodiversity This is a large taxon of insects; some estimates of the species numbers suggest well over 10,000 world-wide. Males are easily recognized by their plumose antennae. Adults are known by a variety of vague and inconsistent common names, largely by confusion with other insects. For example, chironomids are known as "lake flies" in parts of Canada and Lake Winnebago, Wisconsin, but "bay flies" in the areas near the bay of Green Bay, Wisconsin. They are called "sand flies", "muckleheads", "muffleheads", "Canadian so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ceratopogonidae
Ceratopogonidae is a family of flies commonly known as no-see-ums, or biting midges, generally in length. The family includes more than 5,000 species, distributed worldwide, apart from the Antarctic and the Arctic. Ceratopogonidae are holometabolous, meaning their development includes four life stages: egg, larva, pupa, and imago or adult. Most common species in warmer climates will take about two to six weeks to complete a life cycle. Both adult males and females feed on nectar. Most females also feed on the blood of vertebrates, including humans, to get protein for egg-laying. Their bites are painful, and can cause intensely itchy lesions. Their mouthparts are well-developed for cutting the skin of their hosts. Some species prey on other insects. Larvae need moisture to develop, but also air and food. They are not strictly aquatic or terrestrial. Some species within the biting midges are thought to be predatory on other small insects. Particularly mosquito larvae have been ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Simuliidae
A black fly or blackfly (sometimes called a buffalo gnat, turkey gnat, or white socks) is any member of the family Simuliidae of the Culicomorpha infraorder. It is related to the Ceratopogonidae, Chironomidae, and Thaumaleidae. Over 2,200 species of black flies have been formally named, of which 15 are extinct. They are divided into two subfamilies: Parasimuliinae contains only one genus and four species; Simuliinae contains all the rest. Over 1,800 of the species belong to the genus ''Simulium''. Most black flies gain nourishment by feeding on the blood of mammals, including humans, although the males feed mainly on nectar. They are usually small, black or gray, with short legs, and antennae. They are a common nuisance for humans, and many U.S. states have programs to suppress the black fly population. They spread several diseases, including river blindness in Africa (''Simulium damnosum'' and ''S. neavei'') and the Americas (''S. callidum'' and ''S. metallicum'' in Central Am ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mario Bezzi
Mario Bezzi (1 August 1868, in Milan – 14 January 1927, in Turin) was an Italian professor of zoology at the University of Turin. He was also director of the Turin Museum of Natural History (Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali (Regional Museum of Natural Sciences), Torino). He was a Doctor of Science. Bezzi worked with Paul Stein, Theodor Becker and Kálmán Kertész on ''Katalog der Paläarktischen dipteren'' published in Budapest from 1903. Works ''(partial list)'' * Diptera Brachycera and Athericera of the Fiji islands based on material in the British Museum atural History British Museum at. Hist. London: viii + 220 pp. (1928). * Einige neue paläarrktische Empis-Arten. Pt. 1 18pp. (1909) * Report on a collection of Bombyliidae from Central Africa 52 p. 1 pl (1911) * Riduzione e scomparsa delle ali negli insetti ditteri 98 p. 11 figs (1916) * Voyage Alluaud en Afrique Orientale. Bombyliidae & Syrphidae 35 p (1923) * Ulteriori notizie sulla ditterofauna delle cav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thaumaleidae
Thaumaleidae, the solitary midges or trickle midges, are a group of nematoceran flies related to the Ceratopogonidae, Chironomidae, and the Simuliidae. They are small, stocky, yellow to brown flies (3–4 mm). Very few species are known for this family (about 120 species in five genera). Larvae are found in films on rocks and the nonfeeding adults are usually found on foliage along the same streams in which the larvae are found. A few solitary midges are found in the Southern Hemisphere, but Thaumaleidae are generally an Holarctic family. Description Adults are recognised by the seven veins reaching the margin, the costa running around the entire margin, the absence of ocelli, and particularly by the short antennae which are no longer than the head. Larvae resemble larval ''Lutzomyia'' (Psychodidae), ''Forcipomyia'' (Ceratopogonidae), and some Chironomidae. However, unpaired prolegs, a ventrally directed truncate head, and prothoracic spiracles on a short respiratory t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Johann Wilhelm Meigen
Johann Wilhelm Meigen (3 May 1764 – 11 July 1845) was a German entomologist famous for his pioneering work on Diptera. Life Early years Meigen was born in Solingen, the fifth of eight children of Johann Clemens Meigen and Sibylla Margaretha Bick. His parents, though not poor, were not wealthy either. They ran a small shop in Solingen. His paternal grandparents, however, owned an estate and hamlet with twenty houses. Adding to the rental income, Meigen's grandfather was a farmer and a guild mastercutler in Solingen. Two years after Meigen was born, his grandparents died and his parents moved to the family estate. This was already heavily indebted by the Seven Years' War, then bad crops and rash speculations forced the sale of the farm and the family moved back to Solingen. Meigen attended the town school but only for a short time. He had learned to read and write on his grandfather's estate and he read widely at home as well as taking an interest in natural history. A lodge ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Culicidae
Mosquitoes (or mosquitos) are members of a group of almost 3,600 species of small flies within the family Culicidae (from the Latin ''culex'' meaning "gnat"). The word "mosquito" (formed by ''mosca'' and diminutive ''-ito'') is Spanish for "little fly". Mosquitoes have a slender segmented body, one pair of wings, one pair of halteres, three pairs of long hair-like legs, and elongated mouthparts. The mosquito life cycle consists of egg, larva, pupa, and adult stages. Eggs are laid on the water surface; they hatch into motile larvae that feed on aquatic algae and organic material. These larvae are important food sources for many freshwater animals, such as dragonfly nymphs, many fish, and some birds such as ducks. The adult females of most species have tube-like mouthparts (called a proboscis) that can pierce the skin of a host and feed on blood, which contains protein and iron needed to produce eggs. Thousands of mosquito species feed on the blood of various hosts — v ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
