Kameyama, Mie
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Kameyama, Mie
260px, Seki-juku (Tōkaidō) is a city located in northern Mie Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 49,457 in 21,745 households and a population density of 260 persons per km². The total area of the city is . Geography Kameyama is located in the north-central part of Mie Prefecture. The Suzuka Mountains are in the northwestern part of the city, and the Nunobiki Mountains are in the southwestern part. More than half of the city's area is forest. Neighboring municipalities Mie Prefecture * Tsu * Suzuka * Iga Shiga Prefecture *Kōka Climate Kameyama has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Kameyama is . The average annual rainfall is with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around , and lowest in January, at around . Demographics Per Japanese census data, the population of Kameyama ha ...
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Cities Of Japan
A is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as and , with the difference that they are not a component of . Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947. City status Article 8 of the Local Autonomy Law sets the following conditions for a municipality to be designated as a city: *Population must generally be 50,000 or greater (原則として人口5万人以上) *At least 60% of households must be established in a central urban area (中心市街地の戸数が全戸数の6割以上) *At least 60% of households must be employed in commerce, industry or other urban occupations (商工業等の都市的業態に従事する世帯人口が全人口の6割以上) *Any other conditions set by prefectural ordinance must be satisfied (他に当該都道府県の条例で定める要件を満たしていること) The designation is approved by the prefectural governor and the Minister for Internal ...
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Suzuka, Mie
is a city in Mie Prefecture, Japan. , the city had an estimated population of 197,977 in 87,680 households and a population density of 1000 persons per km². The total area of the city is . Geography Suzuka is in northeastern Mie Prefecture, in northern Kii Peninsula, bordered by Ise Bay to the east. Parts of the city are within the borders of the Ise-no-Umi Prefectural Natural Park and the Suzuka Quasi-National Park. Neighboring municipalities Mie Prefecture *Yokkaichi * Tsu * Kameyama Shiga Prefecture *Kōka Climate Suzuka has a Humid subtropical climate (Köppen ''Cfa'') characterized by warm summers and cool winters with light to no snowfall. The average annual temperature in Suzuka is 15.6 °C. The average annual rainfall is 1737 mm with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 27.0 °C, and lowest in January, at around 4.7 °C. Demographics Per Japanese census data, the population of Suzuka has incre ...
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Meiji Period
The is an era of Japanese history that extended from October 23, 1868 to July 30, 1912. The Meiji era was the first half of the Empire of Japan, when the Japanese people moved from being an isolated feudal society at risk of colonization by Western powers to the new paradigm of a modern, industrialized nation state and emergent great power, influenced by Western scientific, technological, philosophical, political, legal, and aesthetic ideas. As a result of such wholesale adoption of radically different ideas, the changes to Japan were profound, and affected its social structure, internal politics, economy, military, and foreign relations. The period corresponded to the reign of Emperor Meiji. It was preceded by the Keiō era and was succeeded by the Taishō era, upon the accession of Emperor Taishō. The rapid modernization during the Meiji era was not without its opponents, as the rapid changes to society caused many disaffected traditionalists from the former samurai ...
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Sakashita-juku
was the forty-eighth of the fifty-three stations (''shukuba'') of the Tōkaidō connecting Edo with Kyoto in Edo period Japan. It was located in former Ise Province in what is now the Sakashita neighborhood of the city of Kameyama, Mie Prefecture, Japan. History Sakashita-juku is located on the main route from Kyoto to the Ise Grand Shrine, and developed from the Heian period as a good location for travelers to pause before attempting the steep Suzuka Pass.Sakashita-juku & Suzuka Pass Area
Kameyama City Tourism Association. Accessed January 13, 2007.
During the , traffic on the road between Kyoto and

Seki-juku (Tōkaidō)
was the forty-seventh of the fifty-three stations of the Tōkaidō connecting Edo with Kyoto in Edo period Japan. It was located in former Ise Province in what is now the Seki neighborhood of the city of Kameyama, Mie Prefecture, Japan.Mie Tourism Guide: Ancient Tokaido Seki-juku
Mie Prefecture. Accessed November 29, 2007.


History

Seki-juku is located on the main route from to the , and was always a major intersection for travel, with the , a highway for pilgrims to the Ise Grand Shrines and the , a ...
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Tōkaidō (road)
The , which roughly means "eastern sea route," was the most important of the Five Routes of the Edo period in Japan, connecting Kyoto to Edo (modern-day Tokyo). Unlike the inland and less heavily travelled Nakasendō, the Tōkaidō travelled along the sea coast of eastern Honshū, hence the route's name. Traveling the Tōkaidō The standard method of travel was on foot, as wheeled carts were almost nonexistent and heavy cargo was usually sent by boat. Members of the higher class, however, travelled by ''kago''. Women were forbidden to travel alone and had to be accompanied by men. Other restrictions were also put in place for travellers, but, while severe penalties existed for various travel regulations, most seem not to have been enforced. Captain Sherard Osborn, who travelled part of the road in around 1858, noted that: Along the Tōkaidō, there were government-sanctioned post stations (shukuba) for travellers' rest. These stations consisted of porter stations and horse ...
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53 Stations Of The Tōkaidō
The are the rest areas along the Tōkaidō, which was a coastal route that ran from Nihonbashi in Edo (modern-day Tokyo) to Sanjō Ōhashi in Kyoto.. There were originally 53 government post stations along the Tōkaidō, where travelers had to present traveling permits at each station if wanting to cross. In 1619, the Ōsaka Kaidō (大阪街道) was developed to extend the Tōkaidō so that it would reach Kōraibashi in modern-day Osaka. Instead of going to Sanjō Ōhashi, travelers would leave from Ōtsu-juku and travel towards Fushimi-juku. Because of the addition of these four post towns, the Tōkaidō is occasionally referred to as having 57 stations. Another name for this extension was Kyōkaidō (京街道). The inland Nakasendō also started at Nihonbashi, and converged with the Tōkaidō at Kusatsu-juku. Shio no Michi intersected with the Tōkaidō at Okazaki-shuku. Stations of the Tōkaidō See also * Edo Five Routes ** 69 Stations of the Nakase ...
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Kameyama-juku
was the forty-sixth of the fifty-three stations (''shukuba'') of the Tōkaidō connecting Edo with Kyoto in Edo period Japan. It was located in former Ise Province in what is now the center of the city of Kameyama, Mie Prefecture, Japan. History Kameyama was the location of a castle built in the Kamakura period by the Seki clan to protect their territories in northern Ise. During the Sengoku period, Seki Kazumasa had been transferred from the clan's ancestral territory by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, but was restored as ''daimyō'' of Ise-Kameyama Domain by Tokugawa Ieyasu, and constructed a new Kameyama Castle. Along with the castle, he laid out the foundations for a new castle town, which due it its position on the Tōkaidō, was also a post town. Unlike other post towns, Kameyama-juku had two large fortified gates at either end, which also served as part of the defenses of the castle. The Ego-guchi gate was completed in 1673 and faced towards Edo. It measured 120 meters east-to-west ...
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Tokugawa Shogunate
The Tokugawa shogunate (, Japanese 徳川幕府 ''Tokugawa bakufu''), also known as the , was the military government of Japan during the Edo period from 1603 to 1868. Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005)"''Tokugawa-jidai''"in ''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 978.Nussbaum"''Edo-jidai''"at p. 167. The Tokugawa shogunate was established by Tokugawa Ieyasu after victory at the Battle of Sekigahara, ending the civil wars of the Sengoku period following the collapse of the Ashikaga shogunate. Ieyasu became the ''shōgun,'' and the Tokugawa clan governed Japan from Edo Castle in the eastern city of Edo (Tokyo) along with the ''daimyō'' lords of the ''samurai'' class.Nussbaum"Tokugawa"at p. 976. The Tokugawa shogunate organized Japanese society under the strict Tokugawa class system and banned most foreigners under the isolationist policies of ''Sakoku'' to promote political stability. The Tokugawa shoguns governed Japan in a feudal system, with each ''daimyō'' administering a ''han'' (f ...
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Ise-Kameyama Domain
was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Ise Province in what is part of now modern-day Kameyama, Mie. It was centered around Ise-Kameyama Castle. Ise-Kameyama Domain was controlled by ''fudai daimyō'' clans throughout most its history. History The Ise-Kamayama area of northern Ise Province was controlled in the Sengoku period by Seki Morinobu. Under Toyotomi Hideyoshi, his son Seki Kazumasa was relocated to Mino Province and replaced by Hideyoshi's general Okamoto Yoshikatsu as part of a 22,000 ''koku'' fief. Okamoto Yoshikatsu rebuilt Kameyama Castle and laid out the foundations for the castle town. However, he sided with the pro-Toyotomi Western Army at the 1600 Battle of Sekigahara and was dispossessed by the victorious Tokugawa Ieyasu, who restored Seki Kazumasa to his former domains with an increase in '' kokudaka'' to 30,000 ''koku''. Under Seki Kazumasa, Kameyama-juku, the post station on the Tōkaidō was repaired and expan ...
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Kameyama Castle (Mie)
is a Japanese castle located in Kameyama, northern Mie Prefecture, Japan. At the end of the Edo period, Kameyama Castle was home to the Ishikawa clan, ''daimyō'' of Ise-Kameyama Domain. The castle was also known as . History The original Kameyama Castle was founded by Seki Sanetada in 1264 to the west of the present Kameyama Castle, and was one of the five fortifications guarding the clan domains in northern Ise Province. It came under occasional attack by the Oda clan to the north, and was overrun when Oda Nobunaga extended his authority over Ise Province. In 1583, Hideyoshi defeated Takigawa Kazumasu at Kameyama castle. When Seki Kazumasa was relocated to Shirakawa in 1590, Okamoto Munenori, a retainer of Toyotomi Hideyoshi was given control of the castle. Okamoto moved the castle to the southeast and reconstructed all the main structures.
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Jōkamachi
The term refers to a type of urban structures in Japan in which the city surrounds a feudal lord's castle. These cities did not necessarily form around castles after the Edo period; some are known as Jin'yamachi, cities that have evolved around Jin'ya or government offices that are not intended to provide military services. Defined broadly, Jokamachi includes Jin'yamachi. It is also referred to as Jōka as was common before the early modern period. History The advent of Jōkamachi dates back to the Sengoku period (period of warring states). Jokamachi functions both as a military base represented by the castle and an administrative and commercial city. Oda Nobunaga was the biggest contributor to the development of early-modern Jōkamachi. He aimed at promoting Heinobunri (distinguishing the samurai class from the rest by giving privileged status to samurai and disarming farmers and the rest) by forcing the samurai class to live in Jōkamachi, while establishing Rakuichi-rak ...
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