Katarzyna Pikulska
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Katarzyna Pikulska
Katarzyna Pikulska is a Polish doctor and health funding activist. In 2020 she became a founding member of the Consultative Council created on 1 November 2020 in the context of the October 2020 Polish protests. Childhood and education Pikulska graduated from the Medical University of Warsaw in 2010, specialising in orthopedic surgery. Medical career , Pikulska was a resident doctor in orthopedics at a hospital in Lublin. Pikulska carried out a medical mission in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq in 2016. She spent a month of the mission in field hospitals twenty kilometres from the frontline of the Iraq–ISIL War. She went on her second international medical mission in Tanzania. In 2018 she planned to travel to Western Africa on her third international medical visit to provide medical help. She described her aim as working "where people really need help, where doctors' work is highly valued" because she enjoys her work. Medical activism 2017 trainee doctors' protest Pikulska is ...
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Consultative Council (Poland)
The Consultative Council ( pl, Rada Konsultacyjna) is a non-Government council created on 1 November 2020 by All-Poland Women's Strike ( pl, Ogólnopolski Strajk Kobiet, OSK) in the context of the October 2020 Polish protests. Creation On 27 October 2020, during the October 2020 Polish protests, All-Poland Women's Strike (OSK) stated that it intended to create a Consultative Council similar to the Coordination Council created during the 2020 Belarusian protests, with the aim of working on "how to clean up the mess created by PiS". The Council was created on 1 November 2020. Structure According to Klementyna Suchanow, the Council is a "social movement", it is not a political party, it does not have a "first secretary and committee" in the style of the Polish People's Republic, and it is not the base for forming a political party. Membership , the Council members were Barbara Labuda, Beata Chmiel, Danuta Kuroń, Jacek Wiśniewski ( Mazovian branch of the Committee for the Def ...
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Ministry Of Foreign Affairs (Poland)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (''Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych'', MSZ) is the Poland, Polish government department tasked with maintaining Poland's international relations and coordinating its participation in international and regional supra-national political organisations such as the European Union and United Nations. The head of the ministry holds a place in the Council of Ministers of Poland, Council of Ministers. Remit and responsibilities of the ministry The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is responsible primarily for maintaining good, friendly relations between the Polish Republic and other states. In doing so it is required to act primarily as a representative of the Polish people. To this end all Diplomatic missions of Poland, Polish diplomatic missions around the world are subordinate to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Ambassadors, whilst receiving their credentials from the President of Poland, are employees of the foreign ministry and are recommended to the Presi ...
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Polish Penal Code
''Kodeks Karny'' is Poland's criminal-law code. The name is often abbreviated ''KK''. Modern Polish legal history has seen the introduction of three penal codes: in 1932; in 1969, during the communist era; and in 1997. The last of those has been amended 101 times. The Penal Code, with the Penal Procedure Code and the Fiscal Penal Code, together make up Poland's criminal justice system, often referred to as "penal law". Historical background Situation after 1918 After World War I Poland regained its independence. One of the most important tasks of the new government was to unify the law inherited from the three partitioners' different legal systems. Hence, after the war there were five different legal systems in Poland. These were those of German Empire in the West, of the Austria-Hungary Empire in the South, of the Russian Empire in the far East, of the former Congress Poland in the Center, and two tiny regions ( Orava and Spiš) in the South with the Hungarian common law. Co ...
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COVID-19
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was COVID-19 pandemic in Hubei, identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quickly spread worldwide, resulting in the COVID-19 pandemic. The symptoms of COVID‑19 are variable but often include fever, cough, headache, fatigue, breathing difficulties, Anosmia, loss of smell, and Ageusia, loss of taste. Symptoms may begin one to fourteen days incubation period, after exposure to the virus. At least a third of people who are infected Asymptomatic, do not develop noticeable symptoms. Of those who develop symptoms noticeable enough to be classified as patients, most (81%) develop mild to moderate symptoms (up to mild pneumonia), while 14% develop severe symptoms (dyspnea, Hypoxia (medical), hypoxia, or more than 50% lung involvement on imaging), and 5% develop critical symptoms (respiratory failure ...
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Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is a strain of coronavirus that causes COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019), the respiratory illness responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The virus previously had a Novel coronavirus, provisional name, 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), and has also been called the human coronavirus 2019 (HCoV-19 or hCoV-19). First identified in the city of Wuhan, Hubei, China, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020, and a pandemic on March 11, 2020. SARS‑CoV‑2 is a positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus that is Contagious disease, contagious in humans. SARS‑CoV‑2 is a virus of the species ''severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus'' (SARSr-CoV), related to the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 1, SARS-CoV-1 virus that caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak. Despite its close relation to SARS-CoV-1, i ...
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2020 Polish Presidential Election
Presidential elections were held in Poland on 28 June 2020. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a second round was held on 12 July, in which incumbent president Andrzej Duda, running with the support of Law and Justice, faced off against Civic Platform vice-chairman and Mayor of Warsaw Rafał Trzaskowski. Results from the second round of voting, announced by the National Electoral Commission (Poland), National Electoral Commission (PKW) on 13 July, indicated that Andrzej Duda had won with 51.03% compared to Rafał Trzaskowski's 48.97%. The first round of voting was due to be held on 10 May 2020, but was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. On 6 May 2020, the Agreement (political party), Agreement party, which was in a governing alliance with the leading Law and Justice party and was opposed to pursuing the original election date, reached an arrangement to set new dates for the election. The following day, the PKW declared that the election would not be a ...
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Łukasz Szumowski
Łukasz Jan Szumowski (born 3 June 1972) is a Polish cardiologist who served as Minister of Health from 2018 to 2020. He is also a member of the IX Sejm, representing the Płock (Nr. 16) constituency, elected from the lists of Law and Justice. Biography Born 3 June 1972 in Warsaw. In 1997 he finished studies at the Medical University of Warsaw, and later worked at the Institute of Cardiology in Warsaw's Anin osiedle, where he received a doctorate in 2002. Habilitated 26 January 2010. On 2 June 2016 he received the title of Professor of Medical Science. On 24 November 2016 he became an undersecretary of state in the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, directed at the time by Jarosław Gowin. He was responsible inter alia for the creation of the Institute of Medical Biotechnology. On 9 January 2018 he was appointed Minister of Health by Andrzej Duda, at the recommendation of Mateusz Morawiecki. He replaced Konstanty Radziwiłł. In the 2019 Polish Parliamentary election ...
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Konstanty Radziwiłł
Konstanty Mikołaj Melchior Maria Radziwiłł (; born 9 January 1958) is a Polish politician, physician, and the voivode of the Masovian Voivodeship. He was Poland's Minister of Health from 16 November 2015 to 9 January 2018. He is a former member of the Polish Senate and a past president of the Chamber of Physicians and Dentists. He graduated from the Medical University of Warsaw. He is a member of the aristocratic Radziwiłł family. He has been married since 1979 to architect Joanna Dąbrowska (born in Warsaw in 1959), and the couple have four daughters and four sons. Background Born in Wroclaw on 9 January 1958, he is the eldest child and only son of the 1979 marriage of Albert Hieronym Radziwiłł (1931–2010) with Anna Czartoryska, born 1932.Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Fürstliche Häuser VII. "Radziwiłł". C.A. Starke Verlag, 1968, pp. 431-433 (German). His parents married at Puszczykowo and his sisters were born in nearby Poznań in 1959 and 1961, but from the ...
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Masovia
Mazovia or Masovia ( pl, Mazowsze) is a historical region in mid-north-eastern Poland. It spans the North European Plain, roughly between Łódź and Białystok, with Warsaw being the unofficial capital and largest city. Throughout the centuries, Mazovia developed a separate sub-culture featuring diverse folk songs, architecture, dress and traditions different from those of other Poles. Historical Mazovia existed from the Middle Ages until the partitions of Poland and consisted of three voivodeships with the capitals in Warsaw, Płock and Rawa. The main city of the region was Płock, which was even capital of Poland from 1079 to 1138; however, in Early Modern Times Płock lost its importance to Warsaw, which became the capital of Poland. From 1138, Mazovia was governed by a separate branch of the Piast dynasty and when the last ruler of the independent Duchy of Mazovia died, it was fully incorporated to the Polish Crown in 1526. During the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth over ...
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Voivode
Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the medieval rulers of the Romanian-inhabited states and of governors and military commanders of Hungarian, Balkan or some Slavic-speaking populations. In the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ''voivode'' was interchangeably used with ''palatine''. In the Tsardom of Russia, a voivode was a military governor. Among the Danube principalities, ''voivode'' was considered a princely title. Etymology The term ''voivode'' comes from two roots. is related to warring, while means 'leading' in Old Slavic, together meaning 'war leader' or 'warlord'. The Latin translation is for the principal commander of a military force, serving as a deputy for the monarch. In early Slavic, ''vojevoda'' meant the , the military leader in battle. The term has als ...
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Ombudsman
An ombudsman (, also ,), ombud, ombuds, ombudswoman, ombudsperson or public advocate is an official who is usually appointed by the government or by parliament (usually with a significant degree of independence) to investigate complaints and attempt to resolve them, usually through recommendations (binding or not) or mediation. Ombudsmen sometimes also aim to identify systemic issues leading to poor service or breaches of people's rights. At the national level, most ombudsmen have a wide mandate to deal with the entire public sector, and sometimes also elements of the private sector (for example, contracted service providers). In some cases, there is a more restricted mandate, for example with particular sectors of society. More recent developments have included the creation of specialized children's ombudsmen. In some countries, an inspector general, citizen advocate or other official may have duties similar to those of a national ombudsman and may also be appointed by a legi ...
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COVID-19 Pandemic In Poland
The COVID-19 pandemic in Poland is part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 () caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (). In February and March 2020, health authorities in Poland carried out laboratory testing of suspected cases of infection by SARS-CoV-2, as well as home quarantining and monitoring. On 4 March 2020, the first laboratory confirmed case in Poland was announced in a man hospitalised in Zielona Góra. On March 10, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the local transmission phase of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland. On March 12, 2020, the first death from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Poland was that of a 56-year-old woman. Polish authorities did not participate in the European Union tender procedure for purchasing COVID-19 pandemic related medical equipment, until 17 March 2020. On 10–12 March 2020 lockdown-type control measures were implemented, closing schools and university classes, offices, and cancelling ma ...
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