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Aqa Mirak
Aqa Mirak (floruit, fl. 1520 – Qazvin, 1576) was a Persia, Persian illustrator and Persian art, painter. Life Aqa Mirak was a painter, purveyor and companion to the Safavid dynasty, Safavid shah Tahmasp I and was well known in contemporary circles. Initially living in Tabriz, he traveled and lived in Mashhad between 1555 and 1565, and Qazvin from 1565 until his death. Works The contemporary chronicler Dust Muhammad mentioned that Aqa Mirak along with Mir Musavvir did wall paintings for Prince Sam Mirza's palace in Tabriz and illustrations for royal manuscripts including the Shahnameh of Shah Tahmasp, a superb copy of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh ('Book of kings') and Khamsa of Nizami (British Library, Or. 12208), Nizami's Khamsa ('Five poems'). Ahmad Monshi Ghomi, Qazi Ahmad wrote that Aqa Mirak "had no peer in artistic design and was an incomparable painter, very clever, enamoured of his art, a bon vivant, an intimate [of the Shah] and a sage". A manuscript of the Khamsa done between 1 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahnameh Of Shah Tahmasp
The ''Shahnameh'' of Shah Tahmasp ( fa, شاهنامه شاهطهماسب) or Houghton ''Shahnameh'' is one of the most famous illustrated manuscripts of the ''Shahnameh'', the national epic of Greater Iran, and a high point in the art of the Persian miniature. It is probably the most fully illustrated manuscript of the text ever produced. When created, the manuscript contained 759 pages, 258 of which were miniatures. These miniatures were hand-painted by the artists of the royal workshop in Tabriz under rulers Ismail I, Shah Ismail I and Tahmasp I, Shah Tahmasp I. Upon its completion, the ''Shahnameh'' was gifted to Ottoman Sultan Selim II in 1568. The page size is about 48 x 32 cm, and the text written in Nastaʿlīq script of the highest quality. The manuscript was broken up in the 1970s and pages are now in a number of different collections around the world. History It was created in Tabriz at the order of Shah Ismail I who had recently taken control of the city. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Year Of Birth Unknown
A year or annus is the orbital period of a planetary body, for example, the Earth, moving in its orbit around the Sun. Due to the Earth's axial tilt, the course of a year sees the passing of the seasons, marked by change in weather, the hours of daylight, and, consequently, vegetation and soil fertility. In temperate and subpolar regions around the planet, four seasons are generally recognized: spring, summer, autumn and winter. In tropical and subtropical regions, several geographical sectors do not present defined seasons; but in the seasonal tropics, the annual wet and dry seasons are recognized and tracked. A calendar year is an approximation of the number of days of the Earth's orbital period, as counted in a given calendar. The Gregorian calendar, or modern calendar, presents its calendar year to be either a common year of 365 days or a leap year of 366 days, as do the Julian calendars. For the Gregorian calendar, the average length of the calendar year ( ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1576 Deaths
Year 1576 ( MDLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events January–June * January 20 – Viceroy Martín Enríquez de Almanza founds the settlement of León, Guanajuato, in New Spain (modern-day Mexico). * January 25 – Portuguese explorer Paulo Dias de Novais founds the settlement of ''São Paulo da Assumpção de Loanda'' on the south western coast of Africa, which becomes Luanda. * 1st May – Hungarian Transylvanian Prince Stephen Báthory is crowned king of Poland. * May 5 – The Edict of Beaulieu or Peace of Monsieur (after "Monsieur", the Duke of Anjou, brother of the King, Henry III of France, who negotiated it) ends the Fifth War of Religion in France. Protestants are again granted freedom of worship. * June 18 – Battle of Haldighati: Mughal forces, led by Man Singh I of Amer, decisively defeat the Mewar Kingdom led by Maharana Pratap. July–December * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persian Miniature Painters
Persian may refer to: * People and things from Iran, historically called ''Persia'' in the English language ** Persians, the majority ethnic group in Iran, not to be conflated with the Iranic peoples ** Persian language, an Iranian language of the Indo-European family, native language of ethnic Persians *** Persian alphabet, a writing system based on the Perso-Arabic script * People and things from the historical Persian Empire Other uses * Persian (patience), a card game * Persian (roll), a pastry native to Thunder Bay, Ontario * Persian (wine) * Persian, Indonesia, on the island of Java * Persian cat, a long-haired breed of cat characterized by its round face and shortened muzzle * The Persian, a character from Gaston Leroux's ''The Phantom of the Opera'' * Persian, a generation I Pokémon species * Alpha Indi, star also known as "The Persian" See also * Persian Empire (other) * Persian expedition (other) or Persian campaign * Persian Gulf (other) ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Layla And Majnun
''Layla & Majnun'' ( ar, مجنون ليلى ; '''Layla's Mad Lover) is an old story of Arab origin, about the 7th-century Bedouin poet Qays ibn al-Mulawwah and his ladylove Layla bint Mahdi (later known as Layla al-Aamiriya). "The Layla-Majnun theme passed from Arabic to Persian, Turkish, and Indian languages", through the narrative poem composed in 584/1188 by the Persian poet Nizami Ganjavi, as the third part of his ''Khamsa''. It is a popular poem praising their love story. Qays and Layla fell in love with each other when they were young, but when they grew up Layla's father didn't allow them to be together. Qays became obsessed with her. His tribe Banu 'Amir and the community gave him the epithet of ''Majnūn'' ( "crazy", lit. "possessed by Jinn"). Long before Nizami, the legend circulated in anecdotal forms in Iranian ''akhbar''. The early anecdotes and oral reports about Majnun are documented in ''Kitab al-Aghani'' and Ibn Qutaybah's ''Al-Shi'r wa-l-Shu'ara'.'' Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haft Awrang
''Haft Awrang'' ( fa, هفت اورنگ, meaning "Seven Thrones") by the Persian people, Persian poet Jami is a classic of Persian literature composed some time between 1468 and 1485. Jami completed the work as seven books following a Mathnawi (poetic form), masnavi format: * "Selselat adh-dhahab" (, "Chain of Gold"): a collection of didactic anecdotes * "Yusof-o Zulaikhā" (, "Yusuf and Zulaikha, Joseph and Zulaikha"): the romance of Joseph (Hebrew Bible), Joseph and Zulaikha, wife of Potiphar based on the Islamic traditions. * "Sabhat al-abrār" (, "Rosary of the Pious"): another collection of didactic anecdotes * "Salaman-o Absāl" (, Salaman and Absal): A doomed romance between a prince and his nursemaid. The original story is Greek, translated in the early Islamic times to Arabic by Ibn Hunain and then rendered into Persian poem by Jami. Dehkhoda suggests this story might have an Israelite origin. * "Tohfat ol-ahrār (, "Gift of the Free") * "Layli-o Majnun" (, "Layla an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ahmad Monshi Ghomi
Ahmad Monshi Ghomi, also known as Ghazi Ahmad, was a Persian author and calligrapher. He was the son of ''Sharaf ed-Din Hossein Ghomi'', who was the scrivener of Sam Mirza Safavi in Herat. Ghazi Ahmad was born in 1547 in Qom. When he was 11 years old, he moved with his father to Mashhad and spent 20 years in that city. Under protection of Ibrahim Mirza, he took lessons from the famous masters like Shah Mahmud Nishapuri, Mir Ahmad Mashhadi and Malek Deylami until the age of 31. Ebrahim Mirza was a well-educated man in the field of art and science and some of prominent poets, calligraphers and painters worked in his library. Ghazi Ahmad spent his youth in the art circles of Ebrahim Mirza's court. He had also relations with many painting and calligraphy masters out of Ebrahim mirza's library and because of this he could recounted many details about the artists' lives in the Safavid era. His works, Golestan-e Honar, introduces artists, whom he knew personally or knew about them by other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khamsa Of Nizami (British Library, Or
The ''Khamsa'' ( fa, خمسه, 'Quintet' or 'Quinary', from Arabic) or ''Panj Ganj'' ( fa, پنج گنج, 'Five Treasures') is the main and best known work of Nizami Ganjavi. Description The ''Khamsa'' is in five long narrative poems: * '' Makhzan-ol-Asrâr'' (, 'The Treasury or Storehouse of Mysteries'CHARLES-HENRI DE FOUCHÉCOUR, "IRAN:Classical Persian Literature" in ''Encyclopædia Iranica''), 1163 (some date it 1176) * ''Khosrow o Shirin'' (, 'Khosrow and Shirin'), 1177–1180 * ''Leyli o Majnun'' (, 'Layla and Majnun'), 1192 * ''Eskandar-Nâmeh'' (, 'The Book of Alexander'), 1194 or 1196–1202 * ''Haft Peykar'' (, 'The Seven Beauties'), 1197 The first of these poems, '' Makhzan-ol-Asrâr'', was influenced by Sanai's (d. 1131) monumental ''Garden of Truth''. The four other poems are medieval romances. Khosrow and Shirin, Bahram-e Gur, and Alexander the Great, who all have episodes devoted to them in Ferdowsi's ''Shahnameh'', appear again here at the center of three of f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shahnameh
The ''Shahnameh'' or ''Shahnama'' ( fa, شاهنامه, Šāhnāme, lit=The Book of Kings, ) is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi between c. 977 and 1010 CE and is the national epic of Greater Iran. Consisting of some 50,000 "distichs" or couplets (two-line verses), the ''Shahnameh'' is one of the world's longest epic poems. It tells mainly the mythical and to some extent the historical past of the Persian Empire from the creation of the world until the Muslim conquest in the seventh century. Iran, Azerbaijan, Afghanistan, Tajikistan and the greater region influenced by Persian culture such as Armenia, Dagestan, Georgia, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan celebrate this national epic. The work is of central importance in Persian culture and Persian language, regarded as a literary masterpiece, and definitive of the ethno-national cultural identity of Iran. It is also important to the contemporary adherents of Zoroastrianism, in that it traces the historical ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ferdowsi
Abul-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi ( fa, ; 940 – 1019/1025 CE), also Firdawsi or Ferdowsi (), was a Persians, Persian poet and the author of ''Shahnameh'' ("Book of Kings"), which is one of the world's longest epic poetry, epic poems created by a single poet, and the greatest epic of Persian-speaking people, Persian-speaking countries. Ferdowsi is celebrated as one of the most influential figures of Persian literature and one of the greatest in the history of literature. Name Except for his kunya (Arabic), kunya ( – ) and his laqab ( – ''Ferdowsī'', meaning 'Paradise, paradisic'), nothing is known with any certainty about his full name. From an early period on, he has been referred to by different additional names and titles, the most common one being / ("philosopher"). Based on this, his full name is given in Persian language, Persian sources as / . Due to the non-standardized transliteration from Persian alphabet, Persian into English language, English, different spellings ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mir Musavvir
Mir Musavvir ( fl. 1510–48, died 1555) was a Persian painter at the Safavid court at Tabriz and later the Mughal court at Kabul. During his time at the royal Safavid workshop, he contributed to the ''Shahnameh'' of Shah Tahmasp. He was the father of Mir Sayyid Ali, who adopted his occupation of painting. Mir Musavvir moved to Tabriz from Badakhshan. The regional source of his style is evident in his illustrations from the 1520s, for example the painting "Ardashir and the Slave Girl Gulnar" of 1527–8 that he produced for the ''Shahnameh'' of Shah Tahmasp; the compositions are carefully constructed, with much attention given to architectural elements and the accurate depiction of objects such as lamps, bowls and ewers. By the 1530s, however, as part of the synthesis of eastern and western Iranian styles of painting, Mir Musavvir’s illustrations became “more broadly conceived and dramatic” and ceased to contain an abundance of minute details. As well as manuscr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
