|
Aleksander Jeljaszewicz
Aleksander Jeljaszewicz, known as "Sasza" (22 March 1902 – 18 August 1978)Aleksander Miśkiewicz Tygodnik Wileńszczyzny, 3 - 9 sierpnia 2006 r. nr 31 (wydanie internetowe nr 308) was a Major in the Polish Army. He was the commander of the last Tatar/Islamic unit in the Polish military. Early life An ethnic— Polish (Lipka) Tatar, Jeljaszewicz was born in Vilna, Russian Empire, the son of Jan (John), a captain in the Russian Imperial Army. Between 1912 and 1919 he was a student at Corps of Cadets in Pskov, and later in Kiev. Evacuated to Turkey and Yugoslavia, he finished officers' school as a cavalry officer in 1923. In 1924 and 1925, he was serving in the Serb border guards' unit, only to return to Poland in 1925. In the Polish Army The same year, he joined the Polish military and was sent to the Cavalry Officers' School in Grudziadz. He became a professional (soldier) officer in 1928 in the "Zaniemieńskich" ("Beyond Niemen River") 4th Regiment of Uhlans in Vilnius garris ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vilna
Vilnius ( , ; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Lithuania, with a population of 592,389 (according to the state register) or 625,107 (according to the municipality of Vilnius). The population of Vilnius's functional urban area, which stretches beyond the city limits, is estimated at 718,507 (as of 2020), while according to the Vilnius territorial health insurance fund, there were 753,875 permanent inhabitants as of November 2022 in Vilnius city and Vilnius district municipalities combined. Vilnius is situated in southeastern Lithuania and is the second-largest city in the Baltic states, but according to the Bank of Latvia is expected to become the largest before 2025. It is the seat of Lithuania's national government and the Vilnius District Municipality. Vilnius is known for the architecture in its Old Town, declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. The city was noted for its multicultural population already in the time of the Polish–Lithu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
13th Regiment Of Wilno Uhlans
The 13th Wilno Uhlan Regiment ( pl, 13 Pułk Ułanów Wileńskich) was a unit of the Polish army during the interwar period and the Polish Defence War of 1939. Origins The ancestral units to the regiment were created mainly as means of defending the Polish interest and the interest of the ethnic Poles living in Kresy at the end of World War I. Russians, Poles, Ukrainians, Lithuanians, Belarusians, and even Anarchists competed for the sovereignty over the area. Formation The 13th Regiment was formed out of the cavalry units of the Lithuanian and Belarusian Self-Defence on December 27, 1918, on the estate of a Mr. Pośpieszek. On December 28, the regiment was moved to the garrison at Vilnius and was stationed in the barracks in the Antokol district. , ''nom-de-guerre'' Dąb''', lit. 'Oak', was the regiment's first commander. The regiment was the first in newly independent Poland, and was originally called the 1st Regiment of Wilno Uhlans. It became officially part of the Polish A ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selim Chazbijewicz
Selim Chazbijewicz (born 17 November 1955 in Gdańsk) is a Polish political scientist, columnist, and poet. Between 2017 and 2023, he served as an ambassador to Kazakhstan. Life Selim Chazbijewicz was born in 1957 in Gdańsk to a family of Tatar descent. He spent his childhood there. In 1980, he earned his master's degree from the University of Gdańsk, Faculty of Polish Philology. In 1991, he defended at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań Ph.D. thesis on Polish Muslims in 20th century. In 2002, he received his post-doctoral degree (habilitation), thesis on Crimean Tatars after World War II. He has been working as an assistant professor at the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn. He is also member of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Apart from his academic career, he has been publishing poems and working as an editor. Between 1986 and 1991, he was editor-in-chief of ''Życie Muzułmańskie'' (''Muslim Life'') quarterly. In 1994 he became editor-in-chief of ''Ro ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oflag
An Oflag (from german: Offizierslager) was a type of prisoner of war camp for Officer (armed forces), officers which the German Army (Wehrmacht), German Army established in World War I in accordance with the requirements of the Hague Conventions (1899 and 1907), 1899 Hague Convention, and in World War II in accordance with the requirements of the Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War (1929), Geneva Convention (1929). Although officers were not required to work, at Oflag XIII-B (Hammelburg) when the POWs asked to be able to work for more food, they were told the Geneva Convention forbade them from working.http://www.indianamilitary.org/German%20PW%20Camps/Prisoner%20of%20War/PW%20Camps/Oflag%20XIII-B/Prell/Prell-Donald.pdf In some Oflags a limited number of non-commissioned soldiers working as Batman (military), orderlies were allowed to carry out the work needed to care for the officers. Officers of the Allied air forces were held in special camps called Stalags Luft but were acco ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanian Bridgehead
__NOTOC__ The Romanian Bridgehead ( pl, Przedmoście rumuńskie; ro, Capul de pod român) was an area in southeastern Poland that is now located in Ukraine. During the invasion of Poland in 1939 at the start of the Second World War), the Polish commander-in-chief, Marshal of Poland Edward Rydz-Śmigły, ordered all Polish troops fighting east of the Vistula (approximately 20 divisions still retaining the ability to co-operate) to withdraw towards Lwów and then to the hills along the borders with Romania and the Soviet Union on 14 September. After the Soviets attacked on 17 September, Rydz-Śmigły ordered all units to withdraw to Romania and Hungary, but communications had become disrupted although smaller units crossed outside the major battles. The plan was a default plan in case it was impossible to defend the Polish borders, and it assumed that the Polish forces would be able to retreat to the area, organise a successful defence until the winter and hold out until the prom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lublin
Lublin is the ninth-largest city in Poland and the second-largest city of historical Lesser Poland. It is the capital and the center of Lublin Voivodeship with a population of 336,339 (December 2021). Lublin is the largest Polish city east of the Vistula River and is about to the southeast of Warsaw by road. One of the events that greatly contributed to the city's development was the Polish-Lithuanian Union of Krewo in 1385. Lublin thrived as a centre of trade and commerce due to its strategic location on the route between Vilnius and Kraków; the inhabitants had the privilege of free trade in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. The Lublin Parliament session of 1569 led to the creation of a real union between the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, thus creating the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. Lublin witnessed the early stages of Reformation in the 16th century. A Calvinist congregation was founded and groups of radical Arians appeared in the city ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suchowola
Suchowola (; lt, Suchovola, be, Сухаволя ''Suchavolja'') is a town in north-eastern Poland in Sokółka County, located on both banks of the Olszanka River. It is situated in the Podlaskie Voivodeship (since 1999), having previously been in the Białystok Voivodeship (1975-1998). Its population is 2,196 (2017). History Suchowola was founded in the 16th century and in 1777 it was granted town rights. It is a former Polish royal town. In 1775, royal astronomer Szymon Antoni Sobiekrajski published a report in which he stated that Suchowola is the exact geographic centre of Europe. During the Polish–Soviet War, the invading Soviets murdered five Poles in Suchowola on August 9, 1920. Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World War II in September 1939, the town was initially occupied by the Soviet Union. At the beginning of the war, the town's population was about 3,000, about 1,500 of whom were Jewish. Several Poles who worked or lived in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Infantry
Infantry is a military specialization which engages in ground combat on foot. Infantry generally consists of light infantry, mountain infantry, motorized infantry & mechanized infantry, airborne infantry, air assault infantry, and marine infantry. Although disused in modern times, heavy infantry also commonly made up the bulk of many historic armies. Infantry, cavalry, and artillery have traditionally made up the core of the combat arms professions of various armies, with the infantry almost always comprising the largest portion of these forces. Etymology and terminology In English, use of the term ''infantry'' began about the 1570s, describing soldiers who march and fight on foot. The word derives from Middle French ''infanterie'', from older Italian (also Spanish) ''infanteria'' (foot soldiers too inexperienced for cavalry), from Latin '' īnfāns'' (without speech, newborn, foolish), from which English also gets '' infant''. The individual-soldier term ''infantry ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Maciejowice
Maciejowice is a village in Garwolin County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Maciejowice. It lies in northeastern corner of historic Lesser Poland, approximately south of Garwolin and south-east of Warsaw. The village has a population of 1,400, and used to be a town from 1507 until 1870. Its name comes from the Maciejowski family, which in the past owned Maciejowice. For centuries Maciejowice was part of the Land of Stężyca, Lublin Voivodeship, Stezyca, which belonged to Lesser Poland’s Sandomierz Voivodeship. In 1794, the Battle of Maciejowice took place near the village. In the early years of the Polish statehood, this part of the country was sparsely populated, due to proximity of the eastern border. First local village, mentioned in documents, is Kochow, Masovian Voivodeship, Kochow (one kilometer south of Maciejowice), which was founded in 1155. In the late 12th century, a Roman Catholic pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Vistula
The Vistula (; pl, Wisła, ) is the longest river in Poland and the ninth-longest river in Europe, at in length. The drainage basin, reaching into three other nations, covers , of which is in Poland. The Vistula rises at Barania Góra in the south of Poland, above sea level in the Silesian Beskids (western part of Carpathian Mountains), where it begins with the Little White Vistula (''Biała Wisełka'') and the Black Little Vistula (''Czarna Wisełka''). It flows through Poland's largest cities, including Kraków, Sandomierz, Warsaw, Płock, Włocławek, Toruń, Bydgoszcz, Świecie, Grudziądz, Tczew and Gdańsk. It empties into the Vistula Lagoon (''Zalew Wiślany'') or directly into the Gdańsk Bay of the Baltic Sea with a delta of six main branches (Leniwka, Przekop, Śmiała Wisła, Martwa Wisła, Nogat and Szkarpawa). The river is often associated with Polish culture, history and national identity. It is the country's most important waterway and natural symbol, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
