A system of plant taxonomy, the Thorne system of plant classification was devised by the American botanist

Robert F. Thorne Robert F. Thorne (July 13, 1920 – March 24, 2015) was an American botanist. He was taxonomist and curator emeritus at Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden and professor emeritus at Claremont Graduate University in Claremont, California. His resear ...

(1920–2015) in 1968, and he continued to issue revisions over many years (1968–2007). Some versions of the system are available online. The Bioinformatics Working Group Center for the Study of Digital Libraries at Texas A&M University lists the March 1999 version (and other classification systems).Texas A&M Flowering Plant Gateway
/ref> James Reveal's course lecture notes (1999) also gives an account of the Thorne system at that time, with an extensive listing of synonyms, both nomenclatural and taxonomic, for each name in the system together with several other classification systems. For a discussion of the various

suffixes In linguistics, a suffix is an affix which is placed after the Stem (linguistics), stem of a word. Common examples are case endings, which indicate the grammatical case of nouns, adjectives, and verb endings, which form the Grammatical conjugation ...

used for superorders (''-florae'' ''vs.'' ''-anae''), see Brummitt 1992, and Thorne 1992. In this latter paper, Thorne sets out his reasons for abandoning ''-florae'' for ''-anae'', following contemporary practice.

1968 System

Monocotyledons

Superorders * Superorder Alimatiflorae * Superorder Triuridiflorae * Superorder

Liliiflorae Lilianae (also known as Liliiflorae) is a botanical name for a superorder (that is, a rank higher than that of order) of flowering plants. Such a superorder of necessity includes the type family Liliaceae (and usually the type order Liliales). ...

*: Order

Liliales Liliales is an order of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group and Angiosperm Phylogeny Web system, within the lilioid monocots. This order of necessity includes the family Liliaceae. The APG III system (2009) place ...

* Superorder Ariflorae * Superorder Commeliniflorae

1992 System

The 1992 system lists 69 orders and 440 families

Summary

* Class

Magnoliopsida Magnoliopsida is a valid botanical name for a class of flowering plants. By definition the class will include the family Magnoliaceae, but its circumscription can otherwise vary, being more inclusive or less inclusive depending upon the classific ...

angiosperms *: Subclass Magnoliidae _dicotyledons_.html" ;"title="dicotyledons.html" ;"title=" dicotyledons"> dicotyledons ">dicotyledons.html" ;"title=" dicotyledons"> dicotyledons *:: Superorder

Magnolianae Magnoliids (or Magnoliidae or Magnolianae) are a clade of flowering plants. With more than 10,000 species, including magnolias, nutmeg, bay laurel, cinnamon, avocado, black pepper, tulip tree and many others, it is the third-largest group of angi ...

*:: Superorder

Nymphaeanae The Nymphaeales are an order of flowering plants, consisting of three families of aquatic plants, the Hydatellaceae, the Cabombaceae, and the Nymphaeaceae (water lilies). It is one of the three orders of basal angiosperms, an early-diverging g ...

*:: Superorder Rafflesianae *:: Superorder Caryophyllanae *:: Superorder Theanae *:: Superorder Celastranae *:: Superorder Malvanae *:: Superorder Violanae *:: Superorder Santalanae *:: Superorder Geranianae *:: Superorder

Rutanae Sapindales is an order of flowering plants. Well-known members of Sapindales include citrus; maples, horse-chestnuts, lychees and rambutans; mangos and cashews; frankincense and myrrh; mahogany and neem. The APG III system of 2009 include ...

*:: Superorder

Proteanae Proteales is an order of flowering plants consisting of three (or four) families. The Proteales have been recognized by almost all taxonomists. The representatives of the Proteales are very different from each other. The order contains plants ...

*:: Superorder

Rosanae Rosales () is an order of flowering plants. Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Rosales". At: Trees At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see ''External links'' below) It is sister to a clade consisting of Fag ...

*:: Superorder

Cornanae The Cornales are an order of flowering plants, early diverging among the asterids, containing about 600 species. Plants within the Cornales usually have four-parted flowers, drupaceous fruits, and inferior to half-inferior gynoecia topped with d ...

*:: Superorder

Asteranae Asterales () is an order of dicotyledonous flowering plants that includes the large family Asteraceae (or Compositae) known for composite flowers made of florets, and ten families related to the Asteraceae. While asterids in general are chara ...

*:: Superorder

Solananae The Solanales are an order of flowering plants, included in the asterid group of dicotyledons. Some older sources used the name Polemoniales for this order. Taxonomy Under the older Cronquist system, the latter three families were placed else ...

*:: Superorder

Loasanae Loasaceae is a family of 15–20 genera and about 200–260 species of flowering plants in the order Cornales, native to the Americas and Africa. Members of the family include annual, biennial and perennial herbaceous plants, and a few shrubs ...

*:: Superorder

Myrtanae The Myrtales are an order of flowering plants placed as a sister to the eurosids II clade as of the publishing of the ''Eucalyptus grandis'' genome in June 2014. The APG III system of classification for angiosperms still places it within the eu ...

*:: Superorder

Gentiananae Gentianales is an order of flowering plants, included within the asterid clade of eudicots. It comprises more than 20,000 species in about 1,200 genera in 5 families. More than 80% of the species in this order belong to the family Rubiaceae. Ma ...

*: Subclass

Liliidae Liliidae is a botanical name at the rank of subclass. Circumscription of the subclass will vary with the taxonomic system being used (there are many such systems); the only requirement being that it includes the family Liliaceae. Liliidae in Tak ...

monocotyledons *:: Superorder

Lilianae Lilianae (also known as Liliiflorae) is a botanical name for a superorder (that is, a rank higher than that of order) of flowering plants. Such a superorder of necessity includes the type family Liliaceae (and usually the type order Liliales). ...

*:: Superorder Hydatellanae *:: Superorder Triuridanae *:: Superorder Alismatanae *:: Superorder

Aranae ''Arales'' is an order of flowering plants. The name was used in the Cronquist system for an order placed in subclass ''Arecidae'', circumscribed as (1981): * order ''Arales'' *: family ''Acoraceae'' *: family ''Araceae'' *: family ''Lemnaceae'' ...

*:: Superorder Cyclanthanae *:: Superorder

Pandananae Pandanales, the pandans or screw-pines, is an order of flowering plants placed in the monocot clade in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group and Angiosperm Phylogeny Web systems. Within the monocots Pandanales are grouped in the lilioid monocots where ...

*:: Superorder

Arecanae Arecales is an order of flowering plants. The order has been widely recognised only for the past few decades; until then, the accepted name for the order including these plants was Principes. Taxonomy The APG IV system of 2016 places Dasypogo ...

*:: Superorder

Commelinanae Commelinales is an order of flowering plants. It comprises five families: Commelinaceae, Haemodoraceae, Hanguanaceae, Philydraceae, and Pontederiaceae. All the families combined contain over 885 species in about 70 genera; the majority of sp ...

Magnoliidae

*: Subclass Magnoliidae dicotyledons *:: Superorder

*::: Order

Magnoliales The Magnoliales are an order of flowering plants. Classification The Magnoliales include six families: * Annonaceae (custard apple family, over 2000 species of trees, shrubs, and lianas; mostly tropical but some temperate) * Degeneriaceae (two ...

*:::: Family

Winteraceae Winteraceae is a primitive family of tropical trees and shrubs including 93 species in five genera. It is of particular interest because it is such a primitive angiosperm family, distantly related to Magnoliaceae, though it has a much more s ...

*:::: Family

Illiciaceae Illiciaceae A.C.Sm. was a family of flowering plants recognized in a number of systems of plant taxonomy. The Illiciaceae is not recognized as a distinct family by the APG III system of plant taxonomy, the most well accepted system in use today ...

*:::: Family

Schisandraceae Schisandraceae is a family of flowering plants with 3 known genera and a total of 92 known species. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, at least for the past several decades. Before that, the plants concerned were assigned to f ...

*:::: Family

Magnoliaceae The Magnoliaceae () are a flowering plant family, the magnolia family, in the order Magnoliales. It consists of two genera: ''Magnolia'' and ''Liriodendron'' (tulip trees). Unlike most angiosperms, whose flower parts are in whorls (rings), the ...

*:::: Family

Degeneriaceae ''Degeneria'' is a genus of flowering plants endemic to Fiji. It is the only genus in the family Degeneriaceae. The APG IV system of 2016 (unchanged from the APG system of 1998, the APG II system of 2003 and the APG III system of 2009), recogniz ...

*:::: Family

Himantandraceae Himantandraceae is a family of flowering plants recognized by the APG II system of 2003, assigned to the order Magnoliales in the clade magnoliids. The family consists of only one genus, ''Galbulimima'', of probably two species, trees and shrubs, ...

*:::: Family

Eupomatiaceae ''Eupomatia'' is a genus of three flowering shrub species of the Australian continent, constituting the only genus in the ancient family Eupomatiaceae. The Eupomatiaceae have been recognised by most taxonomists and classified in the plant order ...

*:::: Family

Annonaceae The Annonaceae are a Family (biology), family of flowering plants consisting of trees, shrubs, or rarely lianas commonly known as the custard apple family or soursop family. With 108 accepted genera and about 2400 known species, it is the largest ...

*:::: Family

Aristolochiaceae The Aristolochiaceae () are a family, the birthwort family, of flowering plants with seven genera and about 400 known species belonging to the order Piperales. The type genus is ''Aristolochia'' L. Description They are mostly perennial, herb ...

*:::: Family

Myristicaceae The Myristicaceae are a family of flowering plants native to Africa, Asia, Pacific islands, and the Americas and has been recognized by most taxonomists. It is sometimes called the "nutmeg family", after its most famous member, ''Myristica fragra ...

*:::: Family

Canellaceae The Canellaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Canellales.Walter S. Judd, Christopher S. Campbell, Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Peter F. Stevens, and Michael J. Donoghue. 2008. ''Plant Systematics: A Phylogenetic Approach'', Third Editio ...

*:::: Family

Austrobaileyaceae ''Austrobaileya'' is the sole genus consisting of a single species that constitutes the entire flowering plant family Austrobaileyaceae. The species ''Austrobaileya scandens'' grows naturally only in the Wet Tropics rainforests of northe ...

*:::: Family

Amborellaceae ''Amborella'' is a monotypic genus of understory shrubs or small trees endemic to the main island, Grande Terre, of New Caledonia in the southwest Pacific Ocean. The genus is the only member of the family Amborellaceae and the order Amborellale ...

*:::: Family

Trimeniaceae Trimeniaceae is a family of flowering plants recognized by most taxonomists, at least for the past several decades. It is a small family of one genus, '' Trimenia'', with eight known species (Christenhusz & Byng 2016) of woody plants, bearing ess ...

*:::: Family

Chloranthaceae Chloranthaceae is a family of flowering plants (angiosperms), the only family in the order Chloranthales. It is not closely related to any other family of flowering plants, and is among the early-diverging lineages in the angiosperms. They are ...

*:::: Family

Monimiaceae The Monimiaceae is a family (biology), family of flowering plants in the magnoliid Order (biology), order Laurales.Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). "Monimiaceae" At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Botanical Databases At: Missouri Botanical Gar ...

*:::: Family

Gomortegaceae ''Gomortega keule'' (syn. ''G. nitida''; Spanish language, Spanish names ''keule'', ''queule'', and ''hualhual'') is a tree native to Chile. It is the sole species of the genus ''Gomortega'' and, according to the APG IV system of 2016 (unchanged ...

*:::: Family

Calycanthaceae The Calycanthaceae (sweetshrubs or spicebushes) are a small family of flowering plants in the order Laurales. The family contains three genera and only 10 known species , restricted to warm temperate and tropical regions: * ''Calycanthus'' (thre ...

*:::: Family

Lauraceae Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide (Christenhusz & Byng 2016 ). They are dicotyledons, and occur ma ...

*:::: Family

Hernandiaceae The Hernandiaceae are a family of flowering plants (angiosperms) in the order Laurales. Consisting of five genera with about 58 known species, they are distributed over the world's tropical areas, some of them widely distributed in coastal areas ...

*:::: Family

Lactoridaceae ''Lactoris fernandeziana'' is a flowering shrub endemic (ecology), endemic to the cloud forest of Robinson Crusoe Island, ''Masatierra'' — Robinson Crusoe Island, of the Juan Fernández Islands archipelago of Chile. It is the only extant specie ...

*:::: Family

Saururaceae Saururaceae is a plant family comprising four genera and seven species of herbaceous flowering plants native to eastern and southern Asia and North America. The family has been recognised by most taxonomists, and is sometimes known as the "lizard ...

*:::: Family

Piperaceae The Piperaceae (), also known as the pepper family, are a large family of flowering plants. The group contains roughly 3,600 currently accepted species in 5 genera. The vast majority of species can be found within the two main genera: ''Piper'' ( ...

*::: Order

Ceratophyllales Ceratophyllaceae is a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants including one living genus commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. It is the only extant family in the order Ceratophyllales. Species ...

*:::: Family

Ceratophyllaceae Ceratophyllaceae is a cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan family (biology), family of flowering plants including one living genus commonly found in ponds, marshes, and quiet streams in tropical and in temperate regions. It is the only extant ...

*::: Order

Nelumbonales ''Nelumbo'' is a genus of aquatic plants with large, showy flowers. Members are commonly called lotus, though the name is also applied to various other plants and plant groups, including the unrelated genus '' Lotus''. Members outwardly resem ...

*:::: Family

Nelumbonaceae Nelumbonaceae is a family of aquatic flowering plants. ''Nelumbo'' is the sole extant genus, containing ''Nelumbo lutea'', native to North America, and ''Nelumbo nucifera'', widespread in Asia. At least four other genera, ''Nelumbites'', ''Exne ...

*::: Order Paeoniales *:::: Family

Paeoniaceae The peony or paeony is a flowering plant in the genus ''Paeonia'' , the only genus in the family Paeoniaceae . Peonies are native to Asia, Europe and Western North America. Scientists differ on the number of species that can be distinguished, ...

*:::: Family

Glaucidiaceae Ranunculaceae (buttercup or crowfoot family; Latin "little frog", from "frog") is a family of over 2,000 known species of flowering plants in 43 genera, distributed worldwide. The largest genera are ''Ranunculus'' (600 species), ''Delphinium' ...

*::: Order Berberidales *:::: Family

Menispermaceae Menispermaceae (botanical Latin: 'moonseed family' from Greek ''mene'' 'crescent moon' and ''sperma'' 'seed') is a family of flowering plants. The alkaloid tubocurarine, a neuromuscular blocker and the active ingredient in the 'tube curare' form ...

*:::: Family

Lardizabalaceae Lardizabalaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family has been universally recognized by taxonomists, including the APG II system (2003; unchanged from the APG system of 1998), which places it in the order Ranunculales, in the clade eudic ...

*:::: Family

Sargentodoxaceae Lardizabalaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family has been universally recognized by taxonomists, including the APG II system (2003; unchanged from the APG system of 1998), which places it in the order Ranunculales, in the clade eudic ...

*:::: Family

Berberidaceae The Berberidaceae are a family of 18 genera of flowering plants commonly called the barberry family. This family is in the order Ranunculales. The family contains about 700 known species, of which the majority are in ''Berberis''. The species i ...

*:::: Family Hydrastidaceae *:::: Family

Ranunculaceae Ranunculaceae (buttercup or crowfoot family; Latin "little frog", from "frog") is a family of over 2,000 known species of flowering plants in 43 genera, distributed worldwide. The largest genera are ''Ranunculus'' (600 species), ''Delphinium' ...

*:::: Family

Circaeasteraceae Circaeasteraceae is a family of two species of herbaceous plants native to China and the Himalayas. The family has been recognized by many taxonomists. The APG II system (2003; unchanged from the APG system of 1998), recognizes it and places it ...

*:::: Family

Papaveraceae The Papaveraceae are an economically important family of about 42 genera and approximately 775 known species of flowering plants in the order Ranunculales, informally known as the poppy family. The family is cosmopolitan, occurring in temperat ...

*:: Superorder

*::: Order

Nymphaeales The Nymphaeales are an order (biology), order of flowering plants, consisting of three Family (biology), families of aquatic plants, the Hydatellaceae, the Cabombaceae, and the Nymphaeaceae (water lilies). It is one of the three orders of basal a ...

*:::: Family

Cabombaceae The Cabombaceae are a family of aquatic, herbaceous flowering plants. A common name for its species is water shield. The family is recognised as distinct in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group IV system (2016). The family consists of two genera of ...

*:::: Family

Nymphaeaceae Nymphaeaceae () is a family of flowering plants, commonly called water lilies. They live as rhizomatous aquatic herbs in temperate and tropical climates around the world. The family contains nine genera with about 70 known species. Water li ...

*:: Superorder Rafflesianae *::: Order

Rafflesiales Rafflesiales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. The name was first published by Oliver in 1895. The Cronquist system used this name for an order placed in subclass Rosidae with the following circumscription (1981) : * order Ra ...

*:::: Family

Hydnoraceae Hydnoroideae is a subfamily of parasitic flowering plants in the order Piperales. Traditionally, and as recently as the APG III system it given family rank under the name Hydnoraceae. It is now submerged in the Aristolochiaceae. It contains two ge ...

*:::: Family

Rafflesiaceae The Rafflesiaceae are a family of rare parasitic plants comprising 36 species in 3 genera found in the tropical forests of east and southeast Asia, including ''Rafflesia arnoldii'', which has the largest flowers of all plants. The plants are end ...

*:: Superorder Caryophyllanae *::: Order

Caryophyllales Caryophyllales ( ) is a diverse and heterogeneous order of flowering plants that includes the cacti, carnations, amaranths, ice plants, beets, and many carnivorous plants. Many members are succulent, having fleshy stems or leaves. The betalai ...

*:::: Family

Caryophyllaceae Caryophyllaceae, commonly called the pink family or carnation family, is a family of flowering plants. It is included in the dicotyledon order Caryophyllales in the APG III system, alongside 33 other families, including Amaranthaceae, Cactacea ...

*:::: Family

Portulacaceae The Portulacaceae are a family of flowering plants, comprising 115 species in a single genus ''Portulaca''. Formerly some 20 genera with about 500 species, were placed there, but it is now restricted to encompass only one genus, the other genera ...

*:::: Family Hectorellaceae *:::: Family

Basellaceae Basellaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Caryophyllales, in the clade core eudicots, according to the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. The family comprises 19 known species of herbaceous plants in four genera: * ''Anredera'' – 12 sp ...

*:::: Family

Didiereaceae Didiereaceae is a family of flowering plants found in continental Africa and Madagascar. It contains 20 species classified in three subfamilies and six genera. Species of the family are succulent plants, growing in sub-arid to arid habitats. Seve ...

*:::: Family

Cactaceae A cactus (, or less commonly, cactus) is a member of the plant family Cactaceae, a family comprising about 127 genera with some 1750 known species of the order Caryophyllales. The word ''cactus'' derives, through Latin, from the Ancient Greek ...

*:::: Family

Phytolaccaceae Phytolaccaceae is a family (biology), family of flowering plants. Though almost universally recognized by Taxonomy (biology), taxonomists, its circumscription has varied. It is also known as the Pokeweed family. The APG II system, of 2003 (unch ...

*:::: Family

Petiveriaceae Petiveriaceae is a family of flowering plants formerly included as subfamily Rivinoideae in Phytolaccaceae. The family comprises nine genera, with about 20 known species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxo ...

*:::: Family Agdestidaceae *:::: Family

Barbeuiaceae ''Barbeuia madagascariensis'' is a liana found only on the island of Madagascar. ''Barbeuia'' has occasionally been placed in its own family, Barbeuiaceae. The APG II system of 2003, for instance, recognizes such a family and assigns it to the ...

*:::: Family

Achatocarpaceae The Achatocarpaceae are a family of woody flowering plants consisting of two genera and 11 known species, and has been recognized by most taxonomists. The family is found from the southwestern United States south to tropical and subtropical So ...

*:::: Family

Stegnospermataceae ''Stegnosperma'' is a genus of flowering plants, consisting of three species of woody plants, native to the Caribbean, Central America, and the Sonoran Desert. These are shrubs or lianas, with anomalous secondary thickening in mature stems, by ...

*:::: Family

Nyctaginaceae Nyctaginaceae, the four o'clock family, is a family of around 33 genera and 290 species of flowering plants, widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, with a few representatives in temperate regions. The family has a unique fruit t ...

*:::: Family

Aizoaceae The Aizoaceae, or fig-marigold family, is a large family of dicotyledonous flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is d ...

*:::: Family

Halophytaceae ''Halophytum ameghinoi'' is a species of herbaceous plant endemic to Patagonia. It is the only species in the genus ''Halophytum''. It is a succulent annual plant, with simple, fleshy, alternate leaves. The plants are monoecious, with solit ...

*:::: Family

Molluginaceae The Molluginaceae are a family of flowering plants recognized by several taxonomists. It was previously included in the larger family Aizoaceae. The APG III system of 2009 made no change in the status of the family as compared to the APG II syst ...

*:::: Family

Chenopodiaceae Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus ''Amaranthus''. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it ...

*:::: Family

Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus ''Amaranthus''. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it ...

*:: Superorder Theanae *::: Order

Theales Theales is a botanical name at the rank of order. Early classifications such as that of Dahlgren placed the Theales in the superorder Theiflorae (also called Theanae). The name was used by the Cronquist system for an order placed in subclass Dille ...

*:::: Family

Dilleniaceae Dilleniaceae is a family of flowering plants with 11 genera and about 430 known species. Such a family has been universally recognized by taxonomists. It is known to gardeners for the genus ''Hibbertia'', which contains many commercially valuabl ...

*:::: Family

Actinidiaceae The Actinidiaceae are a small family of flowering plants. The family has three genera and about 360 species and is a member of the order Ericales. Distribution They are temperate and subtropical woody vines, shrubs, and trees, native to Asia ( ...

*:::: Family

Paracryphiaceae The Paracryphiaceae are a family of woody shrubs and trees native to Australia, southeast Asia, and New Caledonia. In the APG III system of 2009, the family is placed in its own order (biology), order, Paracryphiales, in the euasterids II, campan ...

*:::: Family Stachyuraceae *:::: Family

Theaceae Theaceae (), the tea family, is a family (biology), family of flowering plants comprising shrubs and trees, including the economically important tea plant, and the ornamental camellias. It can be described as having from seven to 40 genus, genera ...

*:::: Family

Asteropeiaceae :''"Asteropeia" may also refer to a figure in Greek mythology, see Antinoe'' ''Asteropeia'' is a genus of flowering plants. The genus contains 8 known species of shrubs and small trees, all endemic to Madagascar. It is the sole genus in family A ...

*:::: Family

Tetrameristaceae Tetrameristaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family consists of five species, of trees or shrubs, in three genera: * ''Pelliciera'' in Central and South America * ''Pentamerista'' in the Guyanas * ''Tetramerista'' in Southeast Asia The ...

*:::: Family Pellicieraceae *:::: Family

Chrysobalanaceae Chrysobalanaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of trees and shrubs in 27 genera and about 700 species of pantropical distribution with a centre of diversity in the Amazon. Some of the species contain silica in their bodies for rigi ...

*:::: Family

Symplocaceae Symplocaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, including two genera, ''Symplocos ''Symplocos'' is a genus of flowering plants in the order Ericales. It contains about 300 species distributed in Asia and the Americas. Man ...

*:::: Family

Caryocaraceae Caryocaraceae ( syn. Rhizobolaceae DC.) is a small family of flowering plants consisting of two genera with 26 species. The family is native to tropical regions of Central and South America, as well as the West Indies The West Indies is ...

*:::: Family

Marcgraviaceae The Marcgraviaceae are a neotropical angiosperm family in the order Ericales. The members of the family are shrubs, woody epiphytes, and lianas, with alternate, pinnately nerved leaves. The flowers are arranged in racemes. The flowers are accomp ...

*:::: Family

Oncothecaceae ''Oncotheca'' is a genus of tree endemic to New Caledonia. There are two species, '' Oncotheca balansae'' and '' Oncotheca humboldtiana''. ''Oncotheca'' is the sole genus of the Oncothecaceae, which is one of three families of flowering plants ...

*:::: Family

Aquifoliaceae ''Ilex'' (), or holly, is a genus of over 570 species of flowering plants in the family Aquifoliaceae, and the only living genus in that family. ''Ilex'' has the most species of any woody dioecious angiosperm genus. The species are evergreen o ...

*:::: Family

Phellinaceae ''Phelline'' is a genus of shrubs and the sole member of the family Phellinaceae, a family of flowering plants endemic to New Caledonia. It is placed in the order Asterales and is related to two other small plant families: Alseuosmiaceae and Arg ...

*:::: Family Sphenostemonaceae *:::: Family

Sarraceniaceae Sarraceniaceae are a family of pitcher plants, belonging to order Ericales (previously Nepenthales). The family comprises three extant genera: ''Sarracenia'' (North American pitcher plants), '' Darlingtonia'' (the cobra lily or California pitch ...

*:::: Family

Pentaphylacaceae The Pentaphylacaceae are a small family of plants within the order Ericales. In the APG III system of 2009, it includes the former family Ternstroemiaceae. Genera In 2014, the Angiosperm Phylogeny Website included 14 genera in the family: Plant ...

*:::: Family

Clethraceae The Clethraceae are a small family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, composed of two genera, ''Clethra'' and ''Purdiaea'', with approximately 75 species. They are native to warm temperate to tropical regions of Asia and the Americas, wit ...

*:::: Family

Cyrillaceae The Cyrillaceae are a small family (biology), family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the Americas. The family comprises two genera, ''Cliftonia'' and ''Cyrilla'', each containing a single ...

*:::: Family

Ochnaceae Ochnaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales.Vernon H. Heywood, Richard K. Brummitt, Ole Seberg, and Alastair Culham. ''Flowering Plant Families of the World''. Firefly Books: Ontario, Canada. (2007). . In the APG III syst ...

*:::: Family

Quiinaceae Quiinaceae Engl. is a neotropical family of flowering plants in the Malpighiales, consisting of about 50 species in 4 genera (''Froesia'', ''Lacunaria'', ''Quiina'', '' Touroulia''). The APG III system of flowering plant classification does not ...

*:::: Family

Scytopetalaceae The Lecythidaceae comprise a family (biology), family of about 20 genera and 250–300 species of woody plants native to tropical South America, Africa (including Madagascar), Asia and Australia. The most important member of the family in wor ...

*:::: Family Medusagynaceae *:::: Family

Strasburgeriaceae Strasburgeriaceae is a small family of flowering plants in the order Crossosomatales, only found in New Zealand and New Caledonia. It contains two genera, ''Strasburgeria'' and ''Ixerba''. Both genera have simple, evergreen, alternated leaves, of ...

*:::: Family

Ancistrocladaceae ''Ancistrocladus'' is a genus of woody lianas in the monotypic family ''Ancistrocladaceae''. The branches climb by twining other stems or by scrambling with hooked tips. They are found in the tropics of the Old World. Classification The APG II ...

*:::: Family

Dioncophyllaceae The Dioncophyllaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants consisting of three species of lianas native to the rainforests of western Africa. Their closest relatives are Ancistrocladaceae. Both families lie within a clade of mostly ...

*:::: Family Nepenthaceae *:::: Family

Bonnetiaceae Bonnetiaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of 4 genera and 41 species. The family is Neotropical, with the exception of the genus ''Ploiarium'', which is found in Malesia. It is sister to the family Clusiaceae The Clusiaceae or ...

*:::: Family

Clusiaceae The Clusiaceae or Guttiferae Juss. (1789) (''nom. alt. et cons.'' = alternative and valid name) are a family of plants including 13 genera and ca 750 species. Several former members of Clusiacae are now placed in Calophyllaceae and Hypericaceae. ...

*:::: Family

Elatinaceae Elatinaceae is a family of flowering plants with ca 35 (to perhaps 50) species in two genera: ''Elatine'' and ''Bergia''. The ''Elatine'' are mostly aquatic herbs, and the ''Bergia'' are subshrubs to shrubs. ''Elatine'' species are widely distri ...

*:::: Family

Lecythidaceae The Lecythidaceae comprise a family (biology), family of about 20 genera and 250–300 species of woody plants native to tropical South America, Africa (including Madagascar), Asia and Australia. The most important member of the family in wor ...

*::: Order

Ericales The Ericales are a large and diverse order of dicotyledons. Species in this order have considerable commercial importance including for Camellia sinensis, tea, persimmon, blueberry, kiwifruit, Brazil nuts, Argania, argan, and azalea. The order i ...

*:::: Family

Ericaceae The Ericaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with c.4250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it th ...

*:::: Family Epacridaceae *:::: Family

Empetraceae The Ericaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with c.4250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it th ...

*::: Order Fouquieriales *:::: Family Fouquieriaceae *::: Order Styracales *:::: Family

Ebenaceae The Ebenaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to order Ericales. The family includes ebony and persimmon among about 768 species of trees and shrubs. It is distributed across the tropical and warmer temperate regions of the world. It ...

*:::: Family Lissocarpaceae *:::: Family

Sapotaceae 240px, '' Madhuca longifolia'' var. ''latifolia'' in Narsapur, Medak district, India The Sapotaceae are a family (biology), family of flowering plants belonging to the order (biology), order Ericales. The family includes about 800 species of ev ...

*:::: Family

Styracaceae The Styracaceae are a small family of flowering plants in the order Ericales, containing 12 genera and about 160 species of trees and shrubs. The family occurs in warm temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The family is c ...

*::: Order

Primulales Primulales was an order of flowering plants. This order was recognized in several systems with little variation in circumscription (see Bentham & Hooker, Engler and Wettstein system). In the classification system of Dahlgren the Primulales we ...

*:::: Family

Theophrastaceae Theophrastoideae is a small subfamily of flowering plants in the family Primulaceae. It was formerly recognized as a separate family Theophrastaceae. As previously circumscribed, the family consisted of eight genera and 95 species of trees or shr ...

*:::: Family

Myrsinaceae Myrsinoideae is a subfamily of the family Primulaceae in the order Ericales. It was formerly recognized as the family Myrsinaceae, or the myrsine family, consisting of 35 genera and about 1000 species. It is widespread in temperate to tropical ...

*:::: Family

Primulaceae The Primulaceae , commonly known as the primrose family (but not related to the Onagraceae, evening primrose family), are a family (biology), family of Herbaceous plant, herbaceous and woody flowering plants including some favourite garden plants ...

*:::: Family

Plumbaginaceae Plumbaginaceae is a family of flowering plants, with a cosmopolitan distribution. The family is sometimes referred to as the leadwort family or the plumbago family. Most species in this family are perennial herbaceous plants, but a few grow as ...

*::: Order

Polygonales Polygonales was an order of flowering plants recognized by several older systems such as the Wettstein system, last revised in 1935, the Engler system, in its update of 1964, and the Cronquist system, 1981. Its circumscription was typically: * or ...

*:::: Family

Polygonaceae The Polygonaceae are a family of flowering plants known informally as the knotweed family or smartweed—buckwheat family in the United States. The name is based on the genus ''Polygonum'', and was first used by Antoine Laurent de Jussieu in 1789 ...

*:: Superorder Celastranae *::: Order

Celastrales The Celastrales are an order of flowering plants found throughout the tropics and subtropics, with only a few species extending far into the temperate regions. The 1200"Lepidobotryaceae", "Parnassiaceae", and "Celastraceae" In: Klaus Kubitzki (ed ...

*:::: Family

Celastraceae The Celastraceae (staff-vine or bittersweet) are a family of 97 genera and 1,350 species of herbs, vines, shrubs and small trees, belonging to the order Celastrales. The great majority of the genera are tropical, with only ''Celastrus'' (the staf ...

*:::: Family Goupiaceae *:::: Family Lophopyxidaceae *:::: Family Stackhousiaceae *:::: Family Corynocarpaceae *:: Superorder Malvanae *::: Order

Malvales The Malvales are an order of flowering plants. As circumscribed by APG II-system, the order includes about 6000 species within 9 families. The order is placed in the eurosids II, which are part of the eudicots. The plants are mostly shrubs and ...

*:::: Family

Sterculiaceae Sterculiaceae was a family of flowering plant based on the genus ''Sterculia''. Genera formerly included in Sterculiaceae are now placed in the family Malvaceae, in the subfamilies: Byttnerioideae, Dombeyoideae, Helicteroideae and Sterculioideae. A ...

*:::: Family

Huaceae Huaceae is a family of plant in the rosids group, which has been classed in the orders Malpighiales, Malvales, and Violales or in its own order Huales. The APG II system placed it in the clade eurosids I, whereas the APG III system of 2009 and ...

*:::: Family

Elaeocarpaceae Elaeaocarpaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family contains approximately 615 species of trees and shrubs in 12 genera."Elaeocarpaceae" In: Klaus Kubitzki (ed.). ''The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants'' vol. VI. Springer-Verlag: Be ...

*:::: Family Plagiopteraceae *:::: Family

Tiliaceae Tiliaceae () is a family of flowering plants. It is not a part of the APG, APG II and APG III classifications, being sunk in Malvaceae mostly as the subfamilies Tilioideae, Brownlowioideae and Grewioideae, but has an extensive historical record o ...

*:::: Family Monotaceae *:::: Family

Dipterocarpaceae Dipterocarpaceae is a family of 16 genera and about 695 known species of mainly tropical lowland rainforest trees. The family name, from the type genus ''Dipterocarpus'', is derived from Greek (''di'' = two, ''pteron'' = wing and ''karpos'' = fru ...

*:::: Family

Sarcolaenaceae The Sarcolaenaceae are a family of flowering plants endemic to Madagascar. The family includes 79 species of mostly evergreen trees and shrubs in ten genera. Recent DNA studies indicate that the Sarcolaenaceae are a sibling taxon to the family ...

*:::: Family

Sphaerosepalaceae The Sphaerosepalaceae are a family of flowering plants including 14 species of trees and shrubs in two genera, '' Dialyceras'' and '' Rhopalocarpus'', all of which are endemic to Madagascar Madagascar (; mg, Madagasikara, ), officially ...

*:::: Family

Bombacaceae Bombacaceae were long recognised as a family of flowering plants or Angiospermae. The family name was based on the type genus ''Bombax''. As is true for many botanical names, circumscription and status of the taxon has varied with taxonomic point ...

*:::: Family

Malvaceae Malvaceae, or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include okra, cotton, cacao and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ...

*::: Order

Urticales Urticales is an Order (biology), order of flowering plants. Before molecular phylogenetics became an important part of plant taxonomy, Urticales was recognized in many, perhaps even most, list of systems of plant taxonomy, systems of History of pla ...

*:::: Family

Ulmaceae The Ulmaceae () are a family of flowering plants that includes the elms (genus ''Ulmus''), and the zelkovas (genus ''Zelkova''). Members of the family are widely distributed throughout the north temperate zone, and have a scattered distribution e ...

*:::: Family

Moraceae The Moraceae — often called the mulberry family or fig family — are a family of flowering plants comprising about 38 genera and over 1100 species. Most are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less so in temperate climates; however ...

*:::: Family

Cecropiaceae The Urticaceae are a family (biology), family, the nettle family, of flowering plants. The family name comes from the genus ''Urtica''. The Urticaceae include a number of well-known and useful plants, including nettles in the genus ''Urtica'', ...

*:::: Family Barbeyaceae *:::: Family

Urticaceae The Urticaceae are a family, the nettle family, of flowering plants. The family name comes from the genus ''Urtica''. The Urticaceae include a number of well-known and useful plants, including nettles in the genus ''Urtica'', ramie (''Boehmeri ...

*:::: Family

Cannabaceae Cannabaceae is a small family (biology), family of flowering plants, known as the hemp family. As now Circumscription (taxonomy), circumscribed, the family includes about 170 species grouped in about 11 genera, including ''Cannabis'' (hemp), ''H ...

*::: Order

Rhamnales The Rhamnales Lindl. are an order of dicotyledon plants in the subclass Rosidae. In the Cronquist system, the following families were placed here: * Family Elaeagnaceae – (Oleaster family) * Family Leeaceae * Family Rhamnaceae (buckthorn family ...

*:::: Family

Rhamnaceae The Rhamnaceae are a large family of flowering plants, mostly trees, shrubs, and some vines, commonly called the buckthorn family. Rhamnaceae is included in the order Rosales. The family contains about 55 genera and 950 species. The Rhamnaceae h ...

*:::: Family

Elaeagnaceae The Elaeagnaceae are a plant family, the oleaster family, of the order Rosales comprising small trees and shrubs, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, south into tropical Asia and Australia. The family has about 60 species in ...

*::: Order

Euphorbiales Euphorbiales is an order of flowering plants that is not currently recognized in the most authoritative modern treatment of plant taxonomy. In the APG II system (2003) the plants involved are mostly placed in the order Malpighiales. A well kno ...

*:::: Family

Euphorbiaceae Euphorbiaceae, the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of a genus in the family. Most spurges, such as ''Euphorbia paralias'', are herbs, but some, e ...

*:::: Family Aextoxicaceae *:::: Family

Simmondsiaceae Simmondsiaceae or the jojoba family is a family of flowering plants. The family is not recognized by all taxonomic systems, the single species, ''Simmondsia chinensis'', often being treated as belonging to family Buxaceae. The APG II system, of ...

*:::: Family

Dichapetalaceae Dichapetalaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of 3 genera and about 170 species.Stephens, P.F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 9, June 2008. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/ Members of this family are ...

*:::: Family Gonystylaceae *:::: Family

Thymelaeaceae The Thymelaeaceae are a cosmopolitan family of flowering plants composed of 50 genera (listed below) and 898 species.Zachary S. Rogers (2009 onwards)A World Checklist of Thymelaeaceae (version 1) Missouri Botanical Garden Website, St. Louis. It ...

*:: Superorder Violanae *::: Order

Violales Violales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants and takes its name from the included family Violaceae; it was proposed by Lindley (1853). The name has been used in several systems, although some systems used the name Parietales f ...

*:::: Family

Bixaceae The Bixaceae are a family of dicotyledonous plants commonly called the achiote family. Under the Cronquist system, the family was traditionally placed in the order Violales. However, newer arrangements move it, with some other families previousl ...

*:::: Family

Cochlospermaceae The Cochlospermaceae were a family of two genera and 20-25 species of trees and shrubs, first described by Jules Émile Planchon in 1847. They have been included in the Bixaceae from the APG III system onwards. The older APG II system treated th ...

*:::: Family

Cistaceae The Cistaceae are a small family of plants (rock-rose or rock rose family) known for their beautiful shrubs, which are profusely covered by flowers at the time of blossom. This family consists of about 170(-200) species in nine genera that are ...

*:::: Family

Violaceae Violaceae is a family of flowering plants established in 1802, consisting of about 1000 species in about 25 genera. It takes its name from the genus ''Viola'', the violets and pansies. Older classifications such as the Cronquist system placed t ...

*:::: Family

Flacourtiaceae The Flacourtiaceae is a defunct family of flowering plants whose former members have been scattered to various families, mostly to the Achariaceae and Salicaceae. It was so vaguely defined that hardly anything seemed out of place there and it beca ...

*:::: Family

Physenaceae ''Physena'' is the sole genus of the flowering plant family Physenaceae. It contains two species of shrubs and small trees which are endemic to Madagascar. The APG II system, of 2003 (unchanged from the APG system, of 1998), does recognize this ...

*:::: Family Lacistemataceae *:::: Family

Salicaceae The Salicaceae is the willow family of flowering plants. The traditional family (Salicaceae ''sensu stricto'') included the willows, poplar, aspen, and cottonwoods. Genetic studies summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) have greatly ...

*:::: Family

Dipentodontaceae ''Dipentodontaceae'' is a family of flowering plants containing two genera. # ''Dipentodon'' Dunn - southern China, Assam, Myanmar # ''Perrottetia'' Kunth in F.W.H.von Humboldt - southern China, Southeast Asia, Papuasia, Queensland, Hawaii, Lati ...

*:::: Family

Peridiscaceae Peridiscaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Saxifragales.Peter F. Stevens. 2001 onwards. "Peridiscaceae". At: Angiosperm Phylogeny Website At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see ''External links'' below). Four genera comprise ...

*:::: Family Scyphostegiaceae *:::: Family

Passifloraceae The Passifloraceae are a family of flowering plants, containing about 750 species classified in around 27 genera. They include trees, shrubs, lianas, and climbing plants, and are mostly found in tropical regions. The family takes its name from t ...

*:::: Family Turneriaceae *:::: Family Malesherbiaceae *:::: Family

Achariaceae Achariaceae is a family of flowering plants consisting of 32-33 genera with about 155 species of tropical herbs, shrubs, and trees. The APG IV system has greatly expanded the scope of the family by including many genera previously classified in F ...

*:::: Family

Caricaceae The Caricaceae are a family of flowering plants in the order Brassicales, found primarily in tropical regions of Central and South America and Africa. They are usually short-lived evergreen pachycaul shrubs or small to medium-sized trees growi ...

*:::: Family

Tamaricaceae The Tamaricaceae, the tamarisk family, are a family of plants native to drier areas of Europe, Asia, and Africa. It contains four genera: ''Tamarix'' (with 73 species), ''Reaumuria'' (25 species), ''Myricaria'' (13 species), and '' Myrtama'' (a s ...

*:::: Family

Frankeniaceae ''Frankenia'' (sea heath) is the only genus in the Frankeniaceae family of flowering plants. Other genera have been recognized within the family, such as ''Anthobryum'', ''Hypericopsis'' and ''Niederleinia'', but molecular phylogenetic studies ...

*:::: Family

Cucurbitaceae The Cucurbitaceae, also called cucurbits or the gourd family, are a plant family consisting of about 965 species in around 95 genera, of which the most important to humans are: *''Cucurbita'' – squash, pumpkin, zucchini, some gourds *''Lagena ...

*:::: Family

Begoniaceae Begoniaceae is a family of flowering plants with two genera and about 2040 species occurring in the subtropics and tropics of both the New World and Old World. All but one of the species are in the genus ''Begonia''. There have been many recent d ...

*:::: Family

Datiscaceae The Datiscaceae are a family of dicotyledonous plants, containing two species of the genus ''Datisca''. Two other genera, ''Octomeles'' and ''Tetrameles'', are now classified in the family Tetramelaceae. Datiscaceae are large herbaceous plants, ...

*::: Order

Brassicales The Brassicales (or Cruciales) are an order (biology), order of flowering plants, belonging to the eurosids II group of dicotyledons under the APG II system. One character common to many members of the order is the production of glucosinolate (mu ...

*:::: Family

Resedaceae Resedaceae is a family of mostly herbaceous dicotyledonous plants comprising 107 known species in 8 to 12 genera: *'' Borthwickia'' - 1 species, sometimes placed in its own family Borthwickiaceae *'' Caylusea'' - 3 species *''Forchhammeria'' - 1 ...

*:::: Family

Capparaceae The Capparaceae (or Capparidaceae), commonly known as the caper family, are a family of plants in the order Brassicales. As currently circumscribed, the family contains 33 genera and about 700 species. The largest genera are '' Capparis'' (about ...

*:::: Family

Brassicaceae Brassicaceae () or (the older) Cruciferae () is a medium-sized and economically important family of flowering plants commonly known as the mustards, the crucifers, or the cabbage family. Most are herbaceous plants, while some are shrubs. The le ...

*:::: Family

Salvadoraceae Salvadoraceae is a family in the plant order Brassicales,, p. 10 consisting of three genera with a total of 11 known species. They occur in Africa (including Madagascar), Southeast Asia, and on Java, suggesting they are probably found in much of ...

*:::: Family

Gyrostemonaceae Gyrostemonaceae is a family of plants in the order Brassicales The Brassicales (or Cruciales) are an order of flowering plants, belonging to the eurosids II group of dicotyledons under the APG II system. One character common to many members ...

*::: Order

Batales {{Unreferenced, date=December 2009 Batales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. This name was used in several systems, sometimes in the spelling Batidales. Often this order consisted of the genus '' Batis'' only. In the 1981 ve ...

*:::: Family

Bataceae ''Batis'' (turtleweed, saltwort, beachwort, or pickleweed) is a genus of two species of flowering plants, the only genus in the family Bataceae. They are halophytic (salt tolerant) plants, native to the coastal salt marshes of warm temperate and ...

*:: Superorder Santalanae *::: Order

Santalales The Santalales are an order of flowering plants with a cosmopolitan distribution, but heavily concentrated in tropical and subtropical regions. It derives its name from its type genus ''Santalum'' (sandalwood). Mistletoe is the common name for a ...

*:::: Family

Olacaceae Olacaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Santalales. They are woody plants, native throughout the tropical regions of the world. , the circumscription of the family varies; some sources maintain a broad family, others split it into ...

*:::: Family

Opiliaceae Opiliaceae is a family of flowering plants comprising 11 genera and 33 known species. It consists of tropical woody plants. Several genera contain parasitic species. The biggest genus, in number of species and in stature of the individual plant ...

*:::: Family

Medusandraceae ''Medusandra'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Peridiscaceae."Peridiscaceae" At: Peter F. Stevens (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. At: Missouri Botanical Garden Website. (see external links below) It has two species, ''M ...

*:::: Family

Santalaceae The Santalaceae, sandalwoods, are a widely distributed family of flowering plants (including small trees, shrubs, perennial herbs, and epiphytic climbersHewson & George t al.br>''Santalaceae'' taxonomy, 1984, pp. 191-194.) which, like other membe ...

*:::: Family

Misodendraceae ''Misodendrum'' is a genus of hemiparasites which grow as mistletoes on various species of ''Nothofagus''. Its species are all restricted to South America. The name of the genus is incorrectly spelt in a number of ways, including ''Misodendron'' ...

*:::: Family

Loranthaceae Loranthaceae, commonly known as the showy mistletoes, is a family of flowering plants. It consists of about 75 genera and 1,000 species of woody plants, many of them hemiparasites. The three terrestrial species are ''Nuytsia floribunda'' (the W ...

*:::: Family

Eremolepidaceae Eremolepidaceae is treated in some systems as a family of flowering plants in the order ''Santalales''. In the Takhtajan system it consists of the genera ''Antidaphne'' (including '' Eremolepsis''), '' Eubrachion'' and '' Lepidoceras''. In the AP ...

*:::: Family

Viscaceae Viscaceae is a taxonomic family name of flowering plants. In this circumscription, the family includes the several genera of mistletoes. This family name is currently being studied and under review as in past decades, several systems of plant taxon ...

*::: Order Balanophorales *:::: Family

Balanophoraceae The Balanophoraceae are a subtropical to tropical family of obligate parasitic flowering plants, notable for their unusual development and formerly obscure affinities. In the broadest circumscription, the family consists of 16 genera. Alternativ ...

*:::: Family

Cynomoriaceae ''Cynomorium'' is a genus of parasitic perennial flowering plants in the family Cynomoriaceae. The genus consists of only one species, ''Cynomorium coccineum'' (although one of its subspecies is sometimes treated as a separate species). Its plac ...

*:: Superorder Geranianae *::: Order

Linales Linales is a botanical name of an order of flowering plants. The Cronquist system used this name for an order placed in subclass Rosidae with the following circumscription in 1981: * order Linales *: family Erythroxylaceae *: family Humiriaceae ...

*:::: Family

Humiriaceae Humiriaceae (or, alternatively Houmiriaceae Juss.) is a family of evergreen flowering plants. It comprises 8 genera and 56 known species. The family is exclusively Neotropical, except one species found in tropical West Africa West Africa o ...

*:::: Family Ctenolophonaceae *:::: Family Hugoniaceae *:::: Family

Ixonanthaceae Ixonanthaceae is a pantropical flowering plant Flowering plants are plants that bear flowers and fruits, and form the clade Angiospermae (), commonly called angiosperms. The term "angiosperm" is derived from the Greek words ('container, ves ...

*:::: Family

Linaceae Linaceae is a family of flowering plants. The family is cosmopolitan, and includes about 250 species in 14 genera, classified into two subfamilies: the Linoideae and Hugonioideae (often recognized as a distinct family, the Hugoniaceae). Leaves of ...

*:::: Family

Erythroxylaceae Erythroxylaceae (the coca family) is a family of flowering trees and shrubs consisting of 4 genera and 271 species. The four genera are ''Aneulophus'' Benth., ''Erythroxylum'' P.Browne, ''Nectaropetalum'' Engl., and ''Pinacopodium'' Exell & Mendo ...

*:::: Family

Zygophyllaceae Zygophyllaceae is a family of flowering plants that contains the bean-caper and caltrop. The family includes around 285 species in 22 genera. Plants in the family Zygophyllaceae may be trees, shrubs, or herbs. They are often found in dry habit ...

*:::: Family Balanitaceae *::: Order Rhizophorales *:::: Family

Rhizophoraceae The Rhizophoraceae is a family of tropical or subtropical flowering plants. It includes around 147 species distributed in 15 genera.Setoguchi, H., Kosuge, K., & Tobe, H. (1999). Molecular Phylogeny of Rhizophoraceae Based on rbcL Gene Sequences. ...

*::: Order

Geraniales Geraniales is a small order of flowering plants, included within the rosid subclade of eudicots. The largest family in the order is Geraniaceae with over 800 species. In addition, the order includes the smaller Francoaceae with about 40 species. ...

*:::: Family

Oxalidaceae The Oxalidaceae, or wood sorrel family, are a small family of five genera of herbaceous plants, shrubs and small trees, with the great majority of the 570 species in the genus ''Oxalis'' (wood sorrels). Members of this family typically have divid ...

*:::: Family

Geraniaceae Geraniaceae is a family of flowering plants placed in the order Geraniales. The family name is derived from the genus ''Geranium''. The family includes both the genus ''Geranium'' (the cranesbills, or true geraniums) and the garden plants called ...

*:::: Family

Balsaminaceae The Balsaminaceae (commonly known as the balsam family) are a family of dicotyledonous plants, comprising two genera: '' Impatiens'', which consists of over 1000 species, and ''Hydrocera'', consisting of 1 species. The flowering plants may be an ...

*:::: Family

Tropaeolaceae ''Tropaeolum'' , commonly known as nasturtium (; literally "nose-twister" or "nose-tweaker"), is a genus of roughly 80 species of annual and perennial herbaceous flowering plants. It was named by Carl Linnaeus in his book ''Species Plantarum'' ...

*:::: Family

Limnanthaceae The Limnanthaceae are a small family of annual herbs occurring throughout temperate North America. There are eight species and nineteen taxa currently recognized. Members of this family are prominent in vernal pool communities of California. Some ...

*::: Order

Polygalales The Fabales are an order of flowering plants included in the rosid group of the eudicots in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II classification system. In the APG II circumscription, this order includes the families Fabaceae or legumes (including ...

*:::: Family

Malpighiaceae Malpighiaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Malpighiales. It comprises about 73 genera and 1315 species, all of which are native to the tropics and subtropics. About 80% of the genera and 90% of the species occur in the New World ( ...

*:::: Family

Trigoniaceae Trigoniaceae is a family of flowering plants, consisting of 28 species in five genera. It is a tropical family found in Madagascar, Southeast Asia, Central and South America.Stephens, P.F. (2001 onwards). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website The Angiosp ...

*:::: Family Vochysiaceae *:::: Family

Polygalaceae The Polygalaceae or the milkwort family are made up of flowering plants in the order Fabales. They have a near-cosmopolitan range, with about 27 genera and ''ca''. 900 known species of herbs, shrubs and trees. Over half of the species are in one ...

*:::: Family

Krameriaceae ''Krameria'' is the only genus in the Krameriaceae family, of which any of the approximately 18 species are commonly known as rhatany, ratany or rattany. Rhatany is also the name given to krameria root, a botanical remedy consisting of the dried ...

*:: Superorder

*::: Order Rutales *:::: Family

Rutaceae The Rutaceae is a family, commonly known as the rueRUTACEAE
in BoDD – Botanical Derm ...

*:::: Family

Rhabdodendraceae ''Rhabdodendron'' is a genus comprising two or three species of tropical South American trees. ''Rhabdodendron'' is placed in its own family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized bir ...

*:::: Family Cneoraceae *:::: Family Simaroubaceae *:::: Family Picramniaceae *:::: Family Ptaeroxylaceae *:::: Family Meliaceae *:::: Family Burseraceae *:::: Family Anacardiaceae *:::: Family Leitneriaceae *:::: Family Tepuianthaceae *:::: Family Coriariaceae *:::: Family Sapindaceae *:::: Family Sabiaceae *:::: Family Melianthaceae *:::: Family Akaniaceae *:::: Family Bretschneideraceae *:::: Family Moringaceae *:::: Family Surianaceae *:::: Family Connaraceae *:::: Family Fabaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Proteales *:::: Family Proteaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Hamamelidales *:::: Family Trochodendraceae *:::: Family Eupteleaceae *:::: Family Cercidiphyllaceae *:::: Family Platanaceae *:::: Family Hamamelidaceae *::: Order Casuarinales *:::: Family Casuarinaceae *::: Order Balanopales *:::: Family Buxaceae *:::: Family Didymelaceae *:::: Family Daphniphyllaceae *:::: Family Balanopaceae *::: Order Bruniales *:::: Family Roridulaceae *:::: Family Bruniaceae *:::: Family Geissolomataceae *:::: Family Grubbiaceae *:::: Family Myrothamnaceae *:::: Family Hydrostachyaceae *::: Order Juglandales *:::: Family Rhoipteleaceae *:::: Family Juglandaceae *:::: Family Myricaceae *::: Order Betulales *:::: Family Ticodendraceae *:::: Family Betulaceae *:::: Family Nothofagaceae *:::: Family Fagaceae *::: Order Rosales *:::: Family Rosaceae *:::: Family Neuradaceae *:::: Family Crossosomataceae *:::: Family Anisophylleaceae *::: Order Saxifragales *:::: Family Tetracarpaeaceae *:::: Family Crassulaceae *:::: Family Cephalotaceae *:::: Family Penthoraceae *:::: Family Saxifragaceae *:::: Family Francoaceae *:::: Family Grossulariaceae *:::: Family Vahliaceae *:::: Family Eremosynaceae *:::: Family Lepuropetalaceae *:::: Family Parnassiaceae *:::: Family Stylidiaceae *:::: Family Droseraceae *:::: Family Greyiaceae *:::: Family Diapensiaceae *::: Order Podostemales *:::: Family Podostemaceae *::: Order Cunoniales *:::: Family Cunoniaceae *:::: Family Davidsoniaceae *:::: Family Staphyleaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Hydrangeales *:::: Family Hydrangeaceae *:::: Family Escalloniaceae *:::: Family Carpodetaceae *:::: Family Griseliniaceae *:::: Family Alseuosmiaceae *:::: Family Montiniaceae *:::: Family Brexiaceae *:::: Family Columelliaceae *:::: Family Desfontainiaceae *::: Order Cornales *:::: Family Vitaceae *:::: Family Gunneraceae *:::: Family Haloragaceae *:::: Family Cornaceae *:::: Family Curtisiaceae *:::: Family Alangiaceae *:::: Family Garryaceae *:::: Family Aucubaceae *:::: Family Aralidiaceae *:::: Family Eucommiaceae *:::: Family Icacinaceae *:::: Family Metteniusaceae *:::: Family Cardiopteridaceae *:::: Family Peripterygiaceae *::: Order Pittosporales *:::: Family Pittosporaceae *:::: Family Byblidaceae *:::: Family Tremandraceae *::: Order Araliales *:::: Family Helwingiaceae *:::: Family Torricelliaceae *:::: Family Araliaceae *:::: Family Hydrocotylaceae *:::: Family Apiaceae *::: Order Dipsacales *:::: Family Caprifoliaceae *:::: Family Adoxaceae *:::: Family Valerianaceae *:::: Family Triplostegiaceae *:::: Family Dipsacaceae *:::: Family Morinaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Asterales *:::: Family Calyceraceae *:::: Family Asteraceae *::: Order Campanulales *:::: Family Menyanthaceae *:::: Family Pentaphragmataceae *:::: Family Sphenocleaceae *:::: Family Campanulaceae *:::: Family Goodeniaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Solanales *:::: Family Solanaceae *:::: Family Duckeodendraceae *:::: Family Goetzeaceae *:::: Family Nolanaceae *:::: Family Convolvulaceae *:::: Family Hydrophyllaceae *:::: Family Boraginaceae *:::: Family Hoplestigmataceae *:::: Family Lennoaceae *:::: Family Tetrachondraceae *:::: Family Polemoniaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Loasales *:::: Family Loasaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Myrtales *:::: Family Lythraceae *:::: Family Alzateaceae *:::: Family Rhynchocalycaceae *:::: Family Penaeaceae *:::: Family Oliniaceae *:::: Family Trapaceae *:::: Family Crypteroniaceae *:::: Family Melastomataceae *:::: Family Combretaceae *:::: Family Onagraceae *:::: Family Myrtaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Gentianales *:::: Family Loganiaceae *:::: Family Rubiaceae *:::: Family Dialypetalanthaceae *:::: Family Apocynaceae *:::: Family Gentianaceae *:::: Family Saccifoliaceae *::: Order Scrophulariales *:::: Family Oleaceae *:::: Family Buddlejaceae *:::: Family Stilbaceae *:::: Family Bignoniaceae *:::: Family Pedaliaceae *:::: Family Martyniaceae *:::: Family Myoporaceae *:::: Family Scrophulariaceae *:::: Family Gesneriaceae *:::: Family Globulariaceae *:::: Family Plantaginaceae *:::: Family Lentibulariaceae *:::: Family Acanthaceae *:::: Family Callitrichaceae *:::: Family Hippuridaceae *:::: Family Verbenaceae *:::: Family Phrymaceae *:::: Family Symphoremataceae *:::: Family Nesogenaceae *:::: Family Avicenniaceae *:::: Family Lamiaceae

Liliidae

*: Subclass

monocotyledons *:: Superorder

*::: Order

*:::: Family Melanthiaceae *:::: Family Campynemataceae *:::: Family Alstroemeriaceae *:::: Family Colchicaceae *:::: Family Liliaceae *:::: Family Trilliaceae *:::: Family Iridaceae *::: Order Burmanniales *:::: Family Burmanniaceae *:::: Family Corsiaceae *::: Order Asparagales *:::: Family Asparagaceae *:::: Family Luzuriagaceae *:::: Family Asphodelaceae *:::: Family Aphyllanthaceae *:::: Family Phormiaceae *:::: Family Tecophilaeaceae *:::: Family Lanariaceae *:::: Family Hemerocallidaceae *:::: Family Asteliaceae *:::: Family Hanguanaceae *:::: Family Agavaceae *:::: Family Hostaceae *:::: Family Blandfordiaceae *:::: Family Dasypogonaceae *:::: Family Xanthorrhoeaceae *:::: Family Ixioliriaceae *:::: Family Hyacinthaceae *:::: Family Alliaceae *:::: Family Amaryllidaceae *:::: Family Hypoxidaceae *:::: Family Velloziaceae *:::: Family Cyanastraceae *:::: Family Eriospermaceae *::: Order Dioscoreales *:::: Family Philesiaceae *:::: Family Ripogonaceae *:::: Family Petermanniaceae *:::: Family Smilacaceae *:::: Family Dioscoreaceae *:::: Family Trichopodaceae *:::: Family Stemonaceae *:::: Family Taccaceae *::: Order Orchidales *:::: Family Orchidaceae *:: Superorder Hydatellanae *::: Order Hydatellales *:::: Family Hydatellaceae *:: Superorder Triuridanae *::: Order Triuridales *:::: Family Triuridaceae *:: Superorder Alismatanae *::: Order Alismatales *:::: Family Butomaceae *:::: Family Alismataceae *:::: Family Hydrocharitaceae *::: Order Potamogetonales *:::: Family Aponogetonaceae *:::: Family Scheuchzeriaceae *:::: Family Juncaginaceae *:::: Family Potamogetonaceae *:::: Family Posidoniaceae *:::: Family Cymodoceaceae *:::: Family Zannichelliaceae *:::: Family Zosteraceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Acorales *:::: Family Acoraceae *::: Order Arales *:::: Family Araceae *:::: Family Lemnaceae *:: Superorder Cyclanthanae *::: Order Cyclanthales *:::: Family Cyclanthaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Pandanales *:::: Family Pandanaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Arecales *:::: Family Arecaceae *:: Superorder

*::: Order Bromeliales *:::: Family Bromeliaceae *::: Order Philydrales *:::: Family Philydraceae *:::: Family Pontederiaceae *:::: Family Haemodoraceae *::: Order Typhales *:::: Family Typhaceae *::: Order Zingiberales *:::: Family Musaceae *:::: Family Strelitziaceae *:::: Family Lowiaceae *:::: Family Heliconiaceae *:::: Family Zingiberaceae *:::: Family Costaceae *:::: Family Cannaceae *:::: Family Marantaceae *::: Order Commelinales *:::: Family Rapateaceae *:::: Family Xyridaceae *:::: Family Commelinaceae *:::: Family Mayacaceae *:::: Family Eriocaulaceae *::: Order Juncales *:::: Family Thurniaceae *:::: Family Juncaceae *:::: Family Cyperaceae *::: Order Poales *:::: Family Flagellariaceae *:::: Family Joinvilleaceae *:::: Family Restionaceae *:::: Family Ecdeiocoleaceae *:::: Family Centrolepidaceae *:::: Family Poaceae

2007 System

The 2007 system lists 12 subclasses, 35 superorders, 87 orders, 40 suborders, and 472 families. It uses the ''suffixes'' given in the following example. Class Magnoliopsida ("Angiospermae") - 12 subclasses * Subclass Magnoli''idae'' ** Superorder: Magnoli''anae'' *** Order: Magnoli''ales'' **** SubOrder: Magnoli''ineae'' ***** Family: Magnoli''aceae'' ****** SubFamily: Magnoli''oideae'' ******* Tribe: Magnoli''eae'' ;Subclasses (12) * 1. Chloranthidae * 2. Magnoliidae [= dicotyledons] * 3. Alismatidae * 4.

- 3 superorders **

** Dioscoreanae **

- 3 orders ***

- 12 families **** Corsiaceae Becc., 1878 **** Campynemataceae Dumort., 1829 **** Melanthiaceae Batsch ex Borkh., 1797 **** Trilliaceae Chevall., 1827 **** Petermanniaceae Hutch., 1934 **** Luzuriagaceae Lotsy, 1911 (''incl. Drymophila R. Br.'') **** Alstroemeriaceae Dumort., 1829 **** Colchicaceae DC., 1804 **** Rhipogonaceae Conran & Clifford, 1985 **** Philesiaceae Dumort., 1829 **** Smilacaceae Vent., 1799 **** Liliaceae Juss., 1789 *** Orchidales *** Iridales * 5. Commelinidae * 6. Ranunculidae * 7. Hamamelididae * 8. Caryophyllidae * 9. Rosidae * 10. Malvidae * 11. Asteridae * 12. Lamiidae ''Note:'' Monocotyledons are represented here by 3 separate subclasses 3–5

References

Bibliography

* * * * * *

Works by Thorne

* * * * * * * * {{List of systems of plant taxonomy Systems of plant taxonomy, system, Thorne (1992)