Privatisation by country
Argentina
* Aerolíneas Argentinas (1990) – former national carrier; renationalized in 2009. * Agua y Energía Eléctrica (1992–95) – national electricity production company; partitioned and sold. * Buenos Aires Underground (1994) – given under concession but still owned by the State. * Empresa Nacional de Correos y Telégrafos (ENCoTel, 1997) – given under concession as Correo Argentino. Re-nationalization, nationalized in 2003. * ENTel (national telecommunications company, 1990) – partitioned and sold to Orange S.A., France Télécom and to Spanish Telefónica. * FAdeA, Fábrica Militar de Aviones (FMA, 1995) – sold to Lockheed Martin. * Ferrocarriles Argentinos (1991–95) – railway lines all over the country (partially re-nationalized). * Gas del Estado (1992) – national gas company partitioned and sold, among others, to the Spanish Gas Natural company Naturgy. * Obras Sanitarias de la Nación (water company, 1992–93) - given under concession to the French conglomerate Suez (company, 1997–2008), Suez, which operated it under the name Aguas Argentinas; re-nationalized in 2006 as Agua y Saneamientos Argentinos, Aguas y Saneamientos Argentinos (AySA). * Servicios Eléctricos del Gran Buenos Aires, Segba (1992) - partitioned and given under concession to Edesur, Edenor and Edelap. * YPF, Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales (YPF, 1991–92) – national oil-company sold to the Spanish Repsol S.A., Repsol. The Argentinian government in 2004 set up a new state oil company (Enarsa) from scratch, which proved of no use. In 2012, the Government of Argentina, Argentine Government expropriated 51% of the shares of YPF owned by Repsol S.A., Repsol.Australia
* Commonwealth Oil Refineries 1952 Under Liberal * Optus 1985 Under Labor * Commonwealth Bank of Australia 1991 Under Labor * Qantas 1993 Under labor * CSL Limited, Commonwealth Serum Laboratories 1994 Under Labor * State Electricity Commission of Victoria, Electricity and Gas and Fuel Corporation of Victoria, natural gas supply companies in Victoria (Australia), Victoria 1995 Under Liberal * Telstra 1997 Under Liberal * Metlink, Public transport in Melbourne 1999 Under Liberal * Electricity Trust of South Australia 1999 Under Liberal * Sydney Airport 2002 Under Liberal * Medibank 2014 Under Liberal * Commonwealth Industrial Gases * Government Cleaning Service in New South Wales * Government Insurance Office in New South Wales * Government Printing Service in New South Wales * State-owned betting-agencies in most states Under Liberal and Labor * Many long-distance and urban passenger railway services Under Liberal and Labor * All freight railway services Under Liberal and Labor * Most State-owned banks Under Liberal and LaborAustria
1980s
* OMV (1987, 1989, 1994, 1996; ''government retains 31.5%'')1990s
* Simmering-Graz-Pauker (1992–93) * voestalpine, VOEST-Alpine Eisenbahntechnik (1992–94) * ams AG, Austria Mikro Systeme International (1993–94) * FCC Austria, A.S.A. Abfall Service AG (1993) * Primetals Technologies, VA Technologie (1994, 2003, 2005) * AT&S (1994) * Böhler-Uddeholm (1995, 1996, 2003) * Schoeller-Bleckmann Oilfield Equipment (1995) * Schoeller-Bleckmann Edelstahlrohr GesmbH (1995) * Bernhard Steinel Werkzeugmaschinen GmbH (1995) * voestalpine, VA Stahl AG (1995, 1996, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005) * Weiler Werkzeugmaschinen (1995) * GIWOG-Wohnbaugruppe (1996) * Vamed AG (1996) * voestalpine, VA Bergtechnik (1996) * AMAG Austria Metall AG (1996) * Salinen Austria (1997) * Mobilkom Austria (1997) * Wiener Boerse (1999) * Bank Austria (1997–98) * Austria Tabak (1997, 1999, 2001) * A1 Telekom Austria Group, Telekom Austria (1998, 2000, 2002, 2004, 2006; ''government retains 28.42%'')2000s
* BAWAG P.S.K., Österreichische Postsparkasse (2000) * Vienna International Airport (2000, 2001; ''regional governments of Vienna and Lower Austria retain 40%'') * Österreichische Staatsdruckerei (2000) * Dorotheum (2001) * Strohal Rotations Druck (2002) * BMG Metall und Recycling (2004) * voestalpine, VOEST-Alpine Erzberg (2004) * Österreichische Post (2006; ''government retains 52.85%'') * Austrian Airlines (2009)2010s
* (2016)Bahrain
* Bahrain Telecommunications Co. (Q1 2005, $800 million)Bolivia
Brazil
* Banco do Estado do Maranhão S.A * Banespa * BB Turismo * CEDAE * CELMA * Companhia Siderúrgica Nacional, CSN * Embraer * Embratel * Petrobras Distribuidora * RFFSA * Terminal Pesqueiro de Manaus * Terminal Pesqueiro de Vitória * Telebrás * Usiminas * Vale (mining company), Vale do Rio Doce * VASPCanada
* Teleglobe (1987) – an international telco carrier * Air Canada (1988) * Potash Corporation of Saskatchewan (1989) * Telus (1991), formerly Alberta Government Telephones * Petro-Canada (1991) * Nova Scotia Power (1992) * Canadian National Railway (1995) * Saskatchewan Wheat Pool (1996) * Manitoba Telecom Services or MTS (1996) * Ontario Highway 407, Highway 407 (1999) – leased to private operators * Ontario Hydro (1999) – only partially privatized with Hydro One and Ontario Power Generation, a publicly owned company and Crown corporations of Canada, crown corporation respectively * Uranium industry in SaskatchewanChile
* CAP S.A. * Chilectra * Colbún S.A. * Movistar, CTC * Enaex * Empremar * Endesa (Chile), Endesa * Entel (Chile), Entel * ESVAL, Esval * IANSA (company), IANSA * Lan Airlines * Pensions in Chile, Pension Funds (AFP) * Sociedad Química y Minera, SoquimichCzechoslovakia
* Virtually everything after the Velvet Revolution in 1989; see voucher privatization for details.Egypt
* The Shebin spinning and weaving factory in Monufia Governorate, Menoufia in the Nile Delta was on strike against/locked out by its new non-Egyptian owners in the wake of the 2011 Egyptian revolution, 2011 revolution. Workers and maybe the military now in control of the state were favoring privatization#Reversion, re-nationalization, according to one report. "[L] Economic liberalism, iberal economic policy is tarred with [the old regime's] corruption," said Michael Wahid Hanna, in Cairo for the U.S.-based Century Foundation. Indorama, the new Indonesian/Thailand, Thai owner of Shebin, was not quoted in the report. Looking further back to 2000, "well considered public spinners" Shebin El Kom and STIA, were then considered to have a "redundant labor problem ... [but] would otherwise be attractive privatization buying or leasing opportunities for private investors." In 2011, STIA, also known as El Nasr Wool & Selected Textiles, of Alexandria, remained "one of the largest public sector textiles companies."Finland
* Finnair * Sonera (former Telecom Finland)France
1980s
* Compagnie Générale d'Electricité became Alcatel-Lucent, Alcatel (1987) * Havas (1987) * Matra (1988) * Paribas – privatized in 1987 and merged with BNP to form BNP Paribas * Saint-Gobain – created in 1665 by minister of Finance Jean-Baptiste Colbert; privatized in 1986 * Société Générale privatized in 1987 * Suez (company, 1997–2008), Suez – privatized and merged with the stated-owned Gaz de France (GDF) in 2008 to form GDF SUEZ, GDF Suez * TF1 – first TV channel of France, privatized in 19871990s
* Orange S.A., France Télécom (1998) * Arcelor (1995) * Assurances Générales de France (1996) * Groupe Bull (1997) * CNP Assurances (1998) * Compagnie générale transatlantique (1996) – merged with CMA to form CMA-CGM * Crédit Industriel et Commercial (1998) * Dexia, Crédit local de France (1991) * Le Crédit Lyonnais (1999) * Elf Aquitaine – privatized in 1994; absorbed by TotalEnergies, Total * Eramet (1999) * Groupama, Gan (1998) * Pechiney (1995) * Renault (1996) – the French state still have 15.01% of the shareholding * SEITA (1995) – now Altadis * Total S.A., Total * Union des Assurances de Paris (1994)2000s
* Aéroports de Paris – the French State remains the major shareholder: 52% * Air France – opening shareholding open in 1999. Merged with KLM and merged to form: Air France–KLM, Air France-KLM (as 2004, the French State remain 44%). As of 2012, the French State remains 15.8%. * Credit Lyonnais (a bank ;– privatized in 2001) * Électricité de France (EDF) (in December 2005 France sold 30% of EDF) * French Highway Concession ** A'lienor – sold to Eiffage (65%) and Société des Autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France (35%) ** Alis (entreprise), Alis – sold to Société des Autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France ** Société des Autoroutes de Paris Normandie – sold to Vinci (construction), Vinci ** Société des Autoroutes du Nord et de l'Est de la France – sold to Abertis (52,5%); the rest is owned by other investors ** Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône – sold to Eiffage ** Autoroutes du Sud de la France – sold to Vinci ** Arcour – sold to Vinci ** Atlandes – sold to Colas Group (subsidiaries of Bouygues) and other investors ** Cofiroute – sold to Vinci * Gaz de France (GDF) – Prime minister Dominique de Villepin announced a merger between GDF and Suez (company, 1997–2008), Suez; since the state owns 80% of GDF, a privatization of GDF would require the passing of a new law; the state would control only 34% of the capital of the new group: se2010s
* Française des Jeux (lottery), Française des Jeux (FDJ) – in 2019 the French State sold off around 50% of its shares retaining 20%Germany
* Deutsche Bundespost became in January 1995: ** Deutsche Post – the state owns 20.5% through the KfW. ** Deutsche Telekom – the state still owns 32%, partly direct and partly through the KfW. ** Deutsche Postbank – in 2004 the state floated a minority stake for €2.5 billion * Deutsche Bundesbahn became Deutsche Bahn in 1994, although it is 100% state owned. * Universum Film AG, UFA underwent privatization in 1921Ghana
Guinea
Greece
* DESFA – On 20 December 2018, a consortium formed by Snam (60%), Enagás (20%) and Fluxys (20%) completed the acquisition of a 66% stake in DESFA for an amount of €535 million. * Hellenic Petroleum – Starting from the 1990s, the Greek Government gradually sold its shares in the company, and currently owns only 35.5% of the shares. * Hellenic Vehicle Industry (ELVO) – In December 2020, 79% of the shares were acquired by an Israeli consortium formed by Plasan and SK Group (Israel), SK Group. The Hellenic state continues to retains 21% of the shares. * Olympic Airways – at first, then Olympic Airlines; the Hellenic State attempted to privatise the ailing airlines five times, more or less, from 2004 onwards. The company was folded and re-created in 2009, and privatized in 2012, under the supervision of the EU and IMF, as it was part of the debt-restructuring process of 2012. * OPAP (Lottery and Betting Monopoly) – privatization completed in 2013, when the last remaining government-owned stock was sold * OTE (Οργανισμός Τηλεπικοινωνιών Ελλάδος / Hellenic Telecommunications Company) – became partly privatised in the 1990s, when its only shareholder at the time, the Hellenic State, reduced its share of the company to 36%. Since May 2018, Deutsche Telekom owns 45% of the shares, and the Hellenic State has retained 5%. * Piraeus Port Authority – In April 2016, HRADF sold 51% of Piraeus Port Authority to the COSCO Group. * Public Power Corporation – In 2001, PPC carried out a share flotation on the Athens Stock Exchange and consequently was no longer wholly owned by the government, although it was still controlled by it with a 51.12% stake until 2021. The company was privatised in November 2021, when the Greek government decreased its shareholding to 34.12% and transferred it to the Greek sovereign wealth fund, the Hellenic Corporation of Assets and Participations (HCAP). * Thessaloniki Port Authority – In March 2018, an international consortium acquired 67% of the shares, with the Hellenic State retaining 7.27%. * TrainOSE – It was acquired in September 2017 by the Italian railway company, Ferrovie dello Stato Italiane.Hong Kong, China
* Hong Kong Mail Service * Link REIT * MTR CorporationHonduras
Iceland
* Kaupthing Bank, Búnaðarbanki Íslands hf – privatized in 1999–2003 * Landsbanki Íslands hf – privatized in 1999–2003 * Síminn, Landssími Íslands hf – privatized in 2005 * Advania, Skýrr hf – privatized in 1997–1998India
* Air India – sold to Tata Group in 2020 * Bharat Aluminium Company – sold to Vedanta Limited in 2000 * CMC Limited – sold to Tata Consultancy Services in 2001 * Lagan Engineering – in 2001 * Hindustan Zinc, Hindustan Zinc Limited – sold to Vedanta Limited in 2001 * Maruti Suzuki, Maruti Udyog Limited * Modern Food Industries – sold to Hindustan Unilever in 2000 * Tata Communications, Videsh Sanchar Nigam Limited – sold to Tata Group in 2008 * Jessop & Company – sold to Ruia Group in 2003 * Indian Petrochemicals Corporation Limited – sold to Reliance Industries * Hindustan Petroleum - sold to Oil and Natural Gas Corporation in 2017 * IDBI Bank - 51% majority sold to Life Insurance Corporation, LIC in 2019 * Following Airports: ** Jaipur International Airport – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by Adani Group ** Cochin International Airport ** Mangalore International Airport – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by Adani Group ** Thiruvananthapuram International Airport – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by Adani Group ** Indira Gandhi International Airport, Indira Gandhi International Airport - Delhi – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by GMR Group ** Chaudhary Charan Singh Airport, Chaudhary Charan Singh Airport - Lucknow – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by Adani Group ** Rajiv Gandhi International Airport, Rajiv Gandhi International Airport - Hyderabad – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by GMR Group ** Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport, Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj International Airport - Mumbai – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by Adani Group ** Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel International Airport - Ahmedabad – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by Adani Group ** Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport, Lokpriya Gopinath Bordoloi International Airport - Guwahati – owned and operated by Public–private partnership, public–private consortium led by Adani GroupIndonesia
* Aneka Gas Industri (partially sold to Messer Group and PT Tira Austenite in 1996, fully sold to Samator Gas in 2004) * Indosat (sold to Temasek Holdings in 2002–2003)Iran
Iraq
* (planned) most industries except oil, at the behest of the United States-sponsored governmentIreland
* ACCBank – sold to Rabobank * Aer Lingus – floated on the stock market * British and Irish Steampacket Company Limited – sold to Irish Continental Group * Cablelink – sold to NTL Ireland; formerly held 50/50 by Telecom Éireann and Raidió Teilifís Éireann, both state-owned at the time * ICC Bank – sold to Bank of Scotland * Irish Life – sold to Irish Permanent * Irish National Petroleum Corporation – all assets sold to ConocoPhillips, still exists in law * Irish Steel – transferred ownership to Ispat (company), Ispat, firm bankrupt, no longer exists * Irish Sugar – floated on stock market as Greencore; state retains one share for veto purposes * Nítrigin Éireann – sold to its other shareholder in Irish Fertiliser Industries, Richardsons, final firm called IFI, no longer exists * Telecom Éireann – floated on the stock market * Irish Life and Permanent, TSB Bank – bought by Irish Life and Permanent from the Government of Ireland in 2001Israel
* Bezeq * El Al * Bank Hapoalim * Bank Leumi (partial) * Israel Chemicals * Israel Discount Bank (partial) * RAFAEL Armament Development Authority (partial) * Zim Integrated Shipping ServicesItaly
* INA Assitalia * Enel S.p.A. (1999 32% €16.6 billion, 2003 6.6% €2.2 billion, 2004 20% €7.5 billion) * Eni * Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale, IRI (among which are Atlantia (company), Autostrade s.p.a., Credito Italiano) * Telecom Italia * Terna (company), Terna (Enel sold 43.5% for €1.48 billion in June 2004)Japan
* Japan Airlines * Japan Highway Public Corporation * Japan Post (half-privatized) * Japan Railways Group (formerly Japanese National Railways) * Japan Tobacco * Narita International Airport, New Tokyo International Airport Authority (Narita) * Nippon Express * Nippon Telegraph and TelephoneJordan
* Aramex International (Q1 2005, 75% for $150–200 million) * Jordan Telecom * Queen Alia International AirportSouth Korea
* Korea Electric Power (KEPCO; half-privatized) * Korea Telecom * KOGAS * KT&G (Korea Tobacco & Ginseng) * POSCO (Pohang Iron & Steel)Kuwait
* Kuwait Finance House (November 2004, 25% of the company for $1 billion)Malaysia
* Johor Water Corporation * Keretapi Tanah Melayu Berhad – national railway company * Malaysia Airlines * Malaysia Airports Holdings * Pasir Gudang Local Authority * Pos Malaysia – national postal services * Senai International Airport * Telekom Malaysia * Tenaga Nasional, Tenaga National Berhad – national electricity-generation and distributionMexico
1,150 public companies, including banks, railroads, the telephone company, mines, roads, TV stations, ports, airports, airlines, sugar mills, and retirement funds.Morocco
Netherlands
* Posterijen, Telegrafie en Telefonie (Nederland), PTT, the mail and telecom companyNew Zealand
* Air New Zealand – privatized in 1989, subsequently rescued by the Government of New Zealand in 2001 * Auckland Airport * Bank of New Zealand – semi-privatized in 1987; rescued by the The Crown, Crown in 1990; sold off in 1992 * Electricity Corporation of New Zealand (ECNZ) – part of which became privatized as Contact Energy in the period 1995–1998 * Government Print * New Zealand Ministry of Works, Ministry of Works and Development * Natural Gas Corporation (NGC), ultimately absorbed into Vector Limited * New Zealand Steel – privatized from 1987, now part of BlueScope * The PostBank, Post Office Savings Bank (POSB) – bought by the ANZ Bank New Zealand, ANZ Bank in 1989 * Spark New Zealand, Telecom New Zealand – privatized in 1990 * Tranz Rail, New Zealand Rail Limited – privatized in 1993, became Tranz Rail Limited in 1995; the government subsequently repurchased the track lease * various council-controlled organisations formerly owned by Territorial Authorities of New Zealand, territorial authorities: see also Local Authority Trading Enterprises (LATEs)Norway
* Arcus AS, Arcus (sold to Sucra in 2001) * Christiania Bank og Kreditkasse (sold to Nordea in 2000) * DnB NOR (floated on the stock market in 1995, government retains 34%) * Finnmark Fylkesrederi og Ruteselskap (sold to Veolia Transport Norge in 2003) * Fredrikstad Energi (49% sold to Fortum) * Kongsberg Gruppen (floated on the stock market in 1993, government retains 50%) * Norsk Medisinaldepot (sold to Celesio in 2001) * CargoNet, NSB Gods (now CargoNet, partially sold to Green Cargo in 2002, NSB retains 55%) * Oslo Energi (parts merged with Hafslund ASA, Hafslund) * Postbanken (merged with DnB NOR in 1999) * Cermaq, Statkorn (floated on the stock market as Cermaq in 2000, government retains 44%) * Statoil (floated on the stock market in 2001, government retains 71%) * Telenor (floated on the stock market in 2000, government retains 54%) * TrønderBilene (66% sold to Fosen Trafikklag in 1999) * Østfold Energi (parts sold to Fortum in 2001) * Årdal og Sunndal Verk (merged with Norsk Hydro in 1986)Pakistan
* National Refinery Limited (acquired by Attock Group of Companies in July 2005) * PTCL, Pakistan Telecom sold out to Etisalat, Eitisalat in 2006.Peru
* Aeroperú, AeroPeru – Peruvian Air Transport Enterprise (sold to Aeroméxico in 1993, closed in 1999) * ENATRU – National Urban Transport Enterprise (sold to the employees) * Empresa Regional de Servicio Público de Electricidad del Sur Medio – ELECTRODUNAS (Sold to HICA) * SIDERPERU (Sold to Sider Corporation S.A) * PESCAPERU – Fishing National Enterprise * MINEROPERU – Peruvian National Mining Company * Tintaya (sold to Magma Copper Corporation) * Ilo Mining (sold to Southern Copper Corporation, Southern Peru Copper Corporation, and since 2018 is part of Grupo México, Grupo Mexico) * Volcan (mining company), Centromin – Mining of Central Peru * Hierro Peru (Sold to Shougang Group) * National Company of Gas – SOL GAS (sold to Repsol) * Enel Generación Perú, EDEGEL (sold to Endesa in 1996, since 2016 is part of Enel) * Empresa Nacional de Ferrocarriles del Peru, ENAFER (Parts of PeruRail, Peru Rail, Fetransa and Ferrocarril Central Andino, FCCA) * Movistar, CPT – ENTEL (Sold to Telefónica, Telefonica in 1994) * EDELNOR (sold to Endesa in 1994, since 2016 is part of Enel) * Luz del Sur, EDELSUR (sold to Sempra Energy in 1994, since 2019 is part of China Three Gorges Corporation, CTG) * BBVA Perú, Banco Continental del Peru (Sold to Banco Bilbao Vizcaya, BBV and since 1999 part of Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, BBVA) * Interbank, Inter bank (Part of Banco Internacional del Peru)Philippines
Poland
* Telekomunikacja Polska S.A.Portugal
* ANA Aeroportos de Portugal, ANA – Aeroportos de Portugal (Portuguese airports) * CIMPOR * CTT – Portuguese post * Energias de Portugal, EDP – Energia de Portugal * Fidelidade – the insurance part of the Caixa Geral de Depósitos, CGD public bank * Galp Energia – national petroleum company * Portugal Telecom – national telecommunications company * Redes Energéticas Nacionais, REN – Rede Eléctrica Nacional * TAP Portugal, TAP – airlineQatar
* Qatargas (Q1 2005, 50% for $600 million)Romania
* Rompetrol – petroleum company (1993 & 1998) * Ursus Breweries – beer brewer and distributor (1996) * Romcim (now Lafarge (company), Lafarge Romania) – industrial materials company (1997) * Casial Hunedoara (now HeidelbergCement Romania) – industrial materials company (1997) * Romtelecom (now Telekom Romania) – telecommunications company (1998 & 2003) * BRD – Groupe Société Générale – bank (1999) * Automobile Dacia – car manufacturer (1999) * Astra Rail Industries – rail vehicle manufacturer (1999 & 2000) * Petromidia Refinery – oil refinery (2000) * Galați steel works, Sidex (now ArcelorMittal Galați) – steelworks (2001) * Alro Slatina, Alro – aluminium company (2002) * Petrom – petroleum company (2004) * Banca Comercială Română – bank (2003 & 2006) * Electrica – electricity distributor (2006, 2008 & 2014) * Automobile Craiova (now Ford Romania) – car manufacturer (2007)Russia
A wide-scale Privatization in Russia, privatization program was launched in 1992–1994, using a voucher privatization scheme; from 1995, a monetary scheme was used. * Gazprom (1994) * LUKoil (1995) * Mechel (1995) * MMC Norilsk Nickel (1995) * Novolipetsk Steel (1995) * Surgutneftegaz (1995) * YUKOS (1995)Saudi Arabia
* Al-Bilad Bank (2008, 50%) * Bank Al-Inma (2008, 70%) * Government Hotels (2005, 100% of King Abdullah International Convention Centre in Jeddah and Ritz Carlton in Riyadh) * Maaden (company), Maaden (2008, 50%) * National Commercial Bank (Saudi Arabia), National Commercial Bank (2014, 25%) * Riyad Bank (2008, 58%) * SABIC (1984, 30%) * Saudi Arabian Airlines (2006, split into 10 business units, 5 of which were privatized) * Saudi Electric Company (2000, 26%) * Saudi Ports (1997, 27 management contracts were given out to various ports around the Kingdom) * Saudi Real Estate Company (2003, 50%) * Saudi Telecom Company (2002, 30%)Singapore
* Port of Singapore Authority (1997) * POSB Bank, Post Office Savings Bank (bought by DBS Bank in 1998 and rebranded as POSBank) * Singapore Broadcasting Corporation (1994, as the Television Corporation of Singapore; later renamed MediaCorp in 2001) – owned by the government through government-owned investment firms * Singapore Post – owned by the government through government-owned investment firms * Singapore Power – owned by the government through government-owned investment firms * Singapore Telecommunications (1992) – owned by the government through government-owned investment firmsSlovakia
South Africa
* Mittal Steel South Africa, Iscor – Now known as ArcelorMittal South Africa, the company was privatised in 1989. * Telkom (South Africa), Telkom – Gradually privatised starting with the IPO in 2003. The government currently holds 39%, and is planning on selling its entire stake.Spain
* Aceralia * Banco Bilbao Vizcaya Argentaria, Argentaria * Endesa (Spain), ENDESA (1988–1998) * Gas Natural * Iberia Airlines (2001) * Indra Sistemas, Indra * Red Electrica de España * Repsol S.A., Repsol (1989–1997) * Retevision * SEAT (1986) * TabacaleraSweden
1980s
* ASEA-ATOM (1981) - * Luxor AB (1984) * SSAB (1986–1994) * UV Shipping (1988)1990s
* AssiDomän * Celsius * Cementa * Enator * Företagskapital * Industrikredit AB * Lantbrukskredit AB * Nordbanken (partial) * OK Petroleum * Pharmacia * Pharmacia & Upjohn * SAKAB * SAQ Kontrol * SBL Vaccin * ETL SEMKO, SEMKO * SSAB (wholly privatised in 1994) * Stadshypotek AB * Svalöf Weibull AB * Svensk Fastighetsvärdering * Svenska Statens Språkresor AB * Swedish Real Estate Valuation Corp * VPC AB2000s
* Celsius AB * Grängesbergs Gruvor * Kurortsverksamhet * Nordbanken * OMX – stock exchange – shares sold to Borse Dubai for 2.1 billion SEK. * SAKAB * SGAB * Svenska Lagerhus * Svenska * Vin & Sprit – sold to Pernod Ricard for 5.626 billion euro2010s
* Nordea (19.5% owned by Swedish government)Planned privatisations
* Apoteket (partial, 2009) * SBAB * Scandinavian Airlines System, SAS (50% owned by Swedish, Danish, Norwegian governments) * Telia Sonera (37.3% owned by the Swedish government)Tanzania
Turkey
(Listing Scope >US $10 M.)Privatization in Turkey, Republic Of Turkey Prime Ministry Privatization Administration, 2010, http://www.oib.gov.tr/program/uygulamalar/privatization_in_turkey.htm1980s
* Ankara Çimento * Ansan-Meda * Balikesi̇r Çimento * Pinarhi̇sar Çimento * Söke Çimento1990s
* Adiyaman Çimento * Anadolubank * Aşkale Çimento * Bartin Çimento * Bozüyük Seramik * Çİnkur * Çorum Çimento * Denİzbank * Denİzlİ Çimento * Elaziğ Çimento * Erganİ Çimento * Etİbank * Fİlyos * Gazİantep Çimento * Güneş Sigorta Spor Kulübü * Havaş * Ipragaz * İskenderun Çimento * Kars Çimento * Konya Krom Man.A.Ş. * Kümaş * Kurtalan Çimento * Ladİk Çimento * Lalapaşa Çimento * Metaş * Petlas * Ray Sigorta * Şanliurfa Çimento * Sİvas Çimento * Sümerbank * Trabzon Çimento * Türk Kablo * Tofaş S.K. * Van Çimento Sanayii * Yarimca Porselen T.A.Ş.2000s
* Adapazarı Sugar Fac. * Asİl Çelİk * Ataköy Hotel * Ataköy Marina * Ataköy Tourism * Başak Insurance * Başak Retirement Fund * Bet Kütahya Şeker * Bursagaz * Çayelİ Bakir İşl.A.Ş. * Cyprus Turkish Airlines * Denİz Naklİyati T.A.Ş. * Esgaz * Eti Aluminium * Etİ Bakir * Etİ Elektrometalurji * Etİ Gümüş A.Ş. * Etİ Krom A.Ş. * Güven Sİgorta * Dİv-Han * Taksan * Türk TelekomUkraine
* KryvorizhstalUnited Arab Emirates
* Damas Jewelry (November 2004, 55% of the company for $224 million)United Kingdom
1970s
* Lunn Poly (1971) * Thomas Cook and Son, Thomas Cook (1972) * Rolls-Royce Motors (1973) * State Management Scheme (1973) * BP, British Petroleum (1977, 1979, 1981, 1987) * International Computers Limited (1979)1980s
* British Aerospace (1981, 1985) ** Alvis plc, Alvis (1981) ** Coventry Climax (1982) * Amersham International (1982) * Associated British Ports (1983, 1984) * Sealink (1984) ** Jaguar Cars, Jaguar (1984) * Trustee Savings Bank (1985) * British Airways Helicopters (1986) * British Gas plc, British Gas (1986) * Rolls-Royce plc, Rolls-Royce (1987) * Royal Ordnance (1987) * BAA Limited, British Airports Authority (1987) ** Danish Automobile Building (1987) ** ISTEL (1987) ** Leyland Bus (1987) * British Airways (1987) * British Leyland ** Leyland Tractors (1982) ** Leyland Trucks (1987) ** Rover Group (1988) ** Unipart (1987) * British Rail Engineering Limited (1989) * British Shipbuilders (1985–1989, shipbuilder companies sold individually) * British Steel plc (1988) * British Sugar (1981) * BT Group, British Telecom (1984, 1991, 1993) * British Transport Hotels (1983) * Britoil (1982, 1985) * Cable & Wireless plc, Cable and Wireless (1981, 1983, 1985) * Council houses (1980–present, over two million sold to their tenants) – ''see main article Right to buy scheme'' * Enterprise Oil (1984) * Fairey Aviation Company, Fairey (1980) * Ferranti (1982) * Harland and Wolff (1989) * Inmos (1984) * Municipal bus company, Municipal bus companies (1988–present, bus companies sold individually) – ''see main article Bus deregulation in Great Britain'' * National Bus Company (UK), National Bus Company (1986–1988, bus companies sold individually) * National Express (1988) * National Freight Corporation (1982) * Passenger transport executive bus companies (1988–1994, bus companies sold individually) * Travellers Fare (1988) * Vale of Rheidol Railway (1989) * United Kingdom water companies, Water companies – ''see main article Water privatisation in England and Wales'' ** Anglian Water (1989) ** North West Water (1989) ** Northumbrian Water (1989) ** Severn Trent (1989) ** South West Water (1989) ** Southern Water (1989) ** Thames Water (1989) ** Welsh Water (1989) ** Wessex Water (1989) ** Yorkshire Water (1989)1990s
* AEA Technology (1996) * ADAS (company), Agricultural Development and Advisory Service (1997) * Belfast International Airport (1994) * Birmingham Airport (1993 – 51%) * Bournemouth Airport (1995) * Bristol Airport (1997, 2001) * British Coal (1994) * British Energy (1996) * British Rail – ''see main article Privatisation of British Rail'' ** 3 rolling stock companies: *** Angel Trains (1996) *** Eversholt Rail Group, Eversholt Leasing (1996) *** Porterbrook (1996) ** 6 design office units (1995–1997, sold individually) ** 6 freight operating companies *** Freightliner Group, Freightliner (1995) *** Loadhaul (1996) *** Mainline Freight (1996) *** Rail Express Systems (1996) *** Railfreight Distribution (1997) *** Transrail Freight (1996) ** 6 track renewal units (1995–1997, sold individually) ** 7 infrastructure maintenance units (1995–1997, sold individually) ** 25 train operating company, train operating companies (1996, operations contracted out as franchises) ** British Rail Research Division, British Rail Research (1996) ** British Rail Telecommunications (1995) ** Eurostar International Limited, European Passenger Services (1996) ** Railtrack (1996) (18 October 2002 went into voluntary liquidation), now in public ownership as Network Rail ** Red Star Parcels (1995) ** London and Continental Railways, Union Railways (1996) * BTG plc, British Technology Group (1992) * Building Research Establishment (1997) * Cardiff Airport (1995) * Central Electricity Generating Board ** National Grid plc, National Grid (1990) ** National Power (1991, 1995) ** Powergen (1991, 1995) * Chessington Computer Centre (1996) * National Savings and Investments, Department for National Savings (1999, back office functions contracted out) * East Midlands Airport (1993) * Girobank (1990) * Humberside Airport (1999 – 82%) * KCOM Group, Kingston Communications (1999, 2007) * LGC Ltd, Laboratory of the Government Chemist (1996) * Liverpool Airport (1990, 2001) * London Buses (1994, bus companies sold individually) – ''see main article Privatisation of London bus services'' * London Luton Airport (1997) * London Southend Airport (1993) * National Engineering Laboratory (1995) * Arqiva, National Transcommunications Limited (1990) * University of Greenwich, Natural Resources Institute (1996) * Northern Ireland Electricity (1993) * Property Services Agency (1994) * Public electricity supplier, Regional electricity companies ** East Midlands Electricity (1990) ** Eastern Electricity (1990) ** London Electricity Board, London Electricity (1990) ** MANWEB (1990) ** Midlands Electricity (1990) ** Northern Electric (1990) ** NORWEB (1990) ** SEEBOARD (1990) ** Southern Electric (1990) ** SWALEC (1990) ** SWEB Energy (1990) ** Yorkshire Electricity (1990) * Scottish Bus Group (1991, bus companies sold individually) * Scottish Hydro-Electric (1991) * Scottish Power (1991) * Severn Bridge (1992) * The Stationery Office (1996) * Student Loans Company, Student loans portfolios (1998, 1999, 2013) * Transport Research Laboratory (1996) * Port, Trust Ports (1992–1997, ports sold individually)2000s
* Actis Capital, Actis (2004, 2012) * BBC Books (2006 – 85%) * Red Bee Media, BBC Broadcast (2005) * Angels Costumes, BBC Costumes and Wigs (2008) * Satellite Information Services, BBC Outside Broadcasts (2008) * BBC Technology (2004) * BNFL, British Nuclear Fuels Limited ** Atomic Weapons Establishment, AWE Management Limited (2008) ** EnergySolutions, BNG America (2007) ** VT Group, BNG Project Services (2008) ** Magnox Ltd, Reactor Sites Management Company (2007) ** Westinghouse Electric Company (2006) * East Thames Buses (2009) * Leeds Bradford International Airport (2007) * NATS Holdings, National Air Traffic Services (2001 – 51%) * Newcastle International Airport, Newcastle Airport (2001 – 49%) * Partnerships UK (2000, 2011) * Qinetiq (2002, 2006, 2008) * South Eastern Trains (2006) * Teesside International Airport (2003 – 75%) * United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority, UKAEA Limited (2009)2010s
* AudioGO, BBC Audiobooks (2010 – 85%) * BBC Magazines (2011) * Behavioural Insights Team (2014 – 67%) * Bio Products Laboratory (2013 – 80%) * Constructionline (2015) * Defence Support Group (2015) * Dr Foster Intelligence (2015) * East Coast (train operating company), East Coast Trains (2015) * Eurostar International Limited (2015 – 40%) * Fire Service College (2013) * Fera Science, Food and Environment Research Agency (2015 – 75%) * CLH Pipeline System, Government Pipelines and Storage System (2015) * High Speed 1 (2010; sale of concession to operate for 30 years) * Lloyds Banking Group (2013, 2014, 2015) * Manchester Airports Group (2013 – 35%) * NEC Group (2015) * Northern Rock (2012) * Remploy (2012, 2013, 2015, factory businesses sold individually) * Royal Bank of Scotland Group (2015) * Royal Mail (2013, 2015) * The Tote (2011)United States
* Conrail * Federal National Mortgage Association (Fannie Mae) * Railway Express Agency * Student Loan Marketing Association (SLM Corporation) (Sallie Mae)See also
* Nationalization ** List of nationalizations by country * PrivatizationReferences
Further reading
* * * *External links