|
Française Des Jeux (lottery)
Française des Jeux (FDJ) is the operator of France's national lottery games, and the title sponsor of the FDJ cycling team. The name of the company loosely translates as The French Company of Games. The company was previously owned and operated by the French government. In July 2018, the French government, which owned 72% of FDJ, has decided to take the company public and sell off 50% of its ownership. This is in hopes of rejuvenating the national treasury. In addition to lottery games, the company also provides online games and sports betting markets, such as association football, cycling, rugby union, and track and field. The company sponsors two professional cycling teams - Groupama–FDJ in the UCI World Tour since 1997, and FDJ Suez Futuroscope in the UCI Women's World Tour The UCI Women's World Tour is the premier annual female elite road cycling tour. History In order to increase the coverage of Women's cycling the UCI held a summit in December 2014 between the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Société Anonyme
The abbreviation S.A. or SA designates a type of limited company in certain countries, most of which have a Romance language as their official language and employ civil law. Originally, shareholders could be literally anonymous and collect dividends by surrendering coupons attached to their share certificates. Dividends were therefore paid to whoever held the certificate. Share certificates could be transferred privately, and therefore the management of the company would not necessarily know who owned its shares. As with bearer bonds, anonymous unregistered share ownership and dividend collection enabled money laundering, tax evasion, and concealed business transactions in general, so governments passed laws to audit the practice. Nowadays, shareholders of S.A.s are not anonymous, though shares can still be held by a holding company in order to obscure the beneficiary. In different countries S.A. can be an abbreviation of: * in Galician and European Portuguese (used in Portu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Groupama–FDJ
Groupama–FDJ () is a French cycling team at UCI WorldTeam level. The team is managed by Marc Madiot, a former road bicycle racer and winner of the Paris–Roubaix classic in 1985 and 1991. The team is predominantly French. History The team was founded on the initiative of Marc Madiot after he retired from racing in 1994 following a leg-breaking crash in that year's edition of Paris–Roubaix. After a period in the mid-1990s when the professional cycling scene in France was contracting – resulting in the 1996 French National Road Race Championships elite race being held on a pro–am basis due to the reduced number of professional riders – by the time of the team's launch in 1997 they faced competition for riders in France from fellow newcomers as well as the expanding team and the already established outfit. The team's initial lineup included younger French riders such as teenagers Nicolas Vogondy and Damien Nazon as well as more experienced foreign racers like Davide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1976 Establishments In France
Events January * January 3 – The International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights enters into force. * January 5 – The Pol Pot regime proclaims a new constitution for Democratic Kampuchea. * January 11 – The 1976 Philadelphia Flyers–Red Army game results in a 4–1 victory for the National Hockey League's Philadelphia Flyers over HC CSKA Moscow of the Soviet Union. * January 16 – The trial against jailed members of the Red Army Faction (the West German extreme-left militant Baader–Meinhof Group) begins in Stuttgart. * January 18 ** Full diplomatic relations are established between Bangladesh and Pakistan 5 years after the Bangladesh Liberation War. ** The Scottish Labour Party (1976), Scottish Labour Party is formed as a breakaway from the UK-wide party. ** Super Bowl X in American football: The Pittsburgh Steelers defeat the Dallas Cowboys, 21–17, in Miami. * January 21 – First commercial Concorde flight, from London to Bahrain. * January 27 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Entertainment Companies Established In 1976
Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience or gives pleasure and delight. It can be an idea or a task, but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience's attention. Although people's attention is held by different things because individuals have different preferences, most forms of entertainment are recognisable and familiar. Storytelling, music, drama, dance, and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures and were supported in royal courts and developed into sophisticated forms, over time becoming available to all citizens. The process has been accelerated in modern times by an entertainment industry that records and sells entertainment products. Entertainment evolves and can be adapted to suit any scale, ranging from an individual who chooses a private entertainment from a now enormous array of pre-recorded pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government-owned Companies Of France
State ownership, also called government ownership and public ownership, is the ownership of an industry, asset, or enterprise by the state or a public body representing a community, as opposed to an individual or private party. Public ownership specifically refers to industries selling goods and services to consumers and differs from public goods and government services financed out of a government's general budget. Public ownership can take place at the national, regional, local, or municipal levels of government; or can refer to non-governmental public ownership vested in autonomous public enterprises. Public ownership is one of the three major forms of property ownership, differentiated from private, collective/cooperative, and common ownership. In market-based economies, state-owned assets are often managed and operated as joint-stock corporations with a government owning all or a controlling stake of the company's shares. This form is often referred to as a state-owned ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gambling In France
Gambling in France holds a current legal status. In 1987 the minimum gambling age was lowered from 21 to 18. In 1988 slots machines became legal after previously being banned. There are two main bodies responsible for the regulation of the gambling industry in France – PMU (Pari Mutuel Urbain) and (FDJ) Française des Jeux. PMU deals with horseracing, FDJ is responsible for betting games and lotteries. Both operators are state-owned. In 2010 France legalized online gambling as well. It is supervised by ARJEL ("Regulatory authority for online games"). History and contributions Gambling industry in France has a very long history and some of the oldest and most popular gambling establishments are located on the territory of this country. France also contributed to the development of popular casino games. It was in France that the Queen became a permanent feature of the deck, replacing the Nobleman in the 1500s. In the 17th century the French mathematician Blaise Pascal invente ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lotteries
A lottery is a form of gambling that involves the drawing of numbers at random for a prize. Some governments outlaw lotteries, while others endorse it to the extent of organizing a national or state lottery. It is common to find some degree of regulation of lottery by governments. The most common regulation is prohibition of sale to minors, and vendors must be licensed to sell lottery tickets. Although lotteries were common in the United States and some other countries during the 19th century, by the beginning of the 20th century, most forms of gambling, including lotteries and sweepstakes, were illegal in the U.S. and most of Europe as well as many other countries. This remained so until well after World War II. In the 1960s, casinos and lotteries began to re-appear throughout the world as a means for governments to raise revenue without raising taxes. Lotteries come in many formats. For example, the prize can be a fixed amount of cash or goods. In this format, there is risk t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UCI Women's World Tour
The UCI Women's World Tour is the premier annual female elite road cycling tour. History In order to increase the coverage of Women's cycling the UCI held a summit in December 2014 between the UCI Women’s Working Group and the UCI Women's teams. The previous racing series, the UCI Women's Road World Cup The UCI Women's Road Cycling World Cup was a season-long road bicycle competition for women organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale between 1998–2015. This competition consisted of a series (which has varied from 6 to 12 events) of rac ..., limited racing to 10 one-day events, whilst the proposed Women's World Tour will see a threefold increase in the total number of racing days. In order to facilitate this a proposal was forwarded to split the single tiered UCI Women's team classification, into a two tiered system beginning in 2017. The premier division would consist of 10 teams who, like their male counterparts, will be required to compete in all World Tour e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
FDJ Suez Futuroscope
FDJ Suez Futuroscope is a professional Women's road bicycle racing team which is based in France. The team competes in various UCI Women's road races. The team uses the same equipment as the men's team, along with coaches and shared training camps. The team is sponsored by French lottery Française des Jeux (FDJ), French utility company Suez and French theme park Futuroscope. Team In July 2016, Française des Jeux (FDJ) announced they would initially co-sponsor the team until the end of the 2018 season. For the 2015 season the team announced the signings of Eugénie Duval, Aude Biannic, Greta Richioud and Séverine Eraud. Roxane Fournier, Pascale Jeuland, Lucie Pader, Charlotte Bravard and Amelie Rivat signed contract extensions with the team. Team roster Major results Source: ;2006 :Stage 2 Grand Prix de France International, Marina Jaunatre : Grand Prix de France International Féminin, Marina Jaunatre ::Stage 1, Marina Jaunatre : Tour de Bretagne ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
UCI World Tour
The UCI WorldTour (2009–2010: ''UCI World Ranking'') is the premier men's elite road cycling tour, sitting above the UCI ProSeries and various regional UCI Continental Circuits. It refers to both the tour of 38 events and, until 2019, an annual ranking system based upon performances in these. The World Ranking was launched in 2009, and merged fully with its predecessor the UCI ProTour in 2011. UCI WorldTeams must compete at all events that were part of the tour prior to the 2017 expansion. History Until the end of 2004, the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) maintained both the UCI Road World Rankings, which awarded results for all its sanctioned races, and the UCI Road World Cup, which was awarded on the basis of performance in ten selected one-day events. Both were replaced from the 2005 season by the UCI ProTour and UCI Continental Circuits. However, disputes between the UCI and ASO, the organisers of the Tour de France and other classics, and eventually with the organ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Track And Field
Track and field is a sport that includes athletic contests based on running, jumping, and throwing skills. The name is derived from where the sport takes place, a running track and a grass field for the throwing and some of the jumping events. Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running and racewalking. The foot racing events, which include sprints, middle- and long-distance events, racewalking, and hurdling, are won by the athlete who completes it in the least time. The jumping and throwing events are won by those who achieve the greatest distance or height. Regular jumping events include long jump, triple jump, high jump, and pole vault, while the most common throwing events are shot put, javelin, discus, and hammer. There are also "combined events" or "multi events", such as the pentathlon consisting of five events, heptathlon consisting of seven events, and decathlon consisting of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
CAC Mid 60
The CAC Mid 60 (formerly the CAC Mid 100) is a stock market index used by the Paris Bourse. It is a mid-cap index which represents the 60 largest French equities after the CAC 40 and the CAC Next 20. The index was inaugurated in 2005, with the number of index constituents being reduced from 100 to 60 in March 2011. Index composition Original composition The composition of the CAC Mid 100 index at its creation in 2005. * Alain Afflelou * April Group * Areva CI * Alstom * Alten * Altran Technologies * Assystem Brime * Bacou-Dalloz * Bains de Mer de Monaco (Société des) * Bénéteau * Société Bic * Boiron * Bonduelle * Bongrain * Bull * Camaieu * Canal+ * Carbone Lorraine * Cegedim * CFF recycling * Chargeurs * Ciments Français * Clarins * Club Méditerranée * Compagnie des Alpes * Elior * Euler Hermes * Euro Disney SCA * Eurotunnel * Faurecia * FIMALAC * Finifo * Foncia Groupe * Gemplus International * Générale de Santé * Géodis * Géophysique * GiFi * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
