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Daejeon () is South Korea's fifth-largest metropolis, with a population of 1.5 million as of 2019. Located in the central-west region of South Korea alongside forested hills and the Geum River, the city is known both for its technology and research institutions, and for celebrating its natural environment, with most mountains, hot springs, and rivers freely open for public use. Daejeon serves as a hub of transportation for major rail and road routes, and is approximately 50 minutes from the capital, Seoul, by
KTX Korea Train eXpress (), often known as KTX (), is South Korea's high-speed rail system, operated by Korail. Construction began on the high-speed line from Seoul to Busan in 1992. KTX services were launched on April 1, 2004. From Seoul Station the ...
or
SRT SRT may refer to: Automotive * SRT, (Speed & Racing Technology) American high-performance automobile group associated with Dodge, Chrysler and Jeep. * Suter Racing Technology, a Swiss Moto2 constructor * Selleslagh Racing Team, Belgium * Swiss ...
high speed rail. Daejeon (along with Seoul, Gwacheon and
Sejong City Sejong (; ), officially the Sejong Special Self-Governing City (), is a special self-governing city and ''de facto'' administrative capital of South Korea. Sejong was founded in 2007 as the new planned capital of South Korea from many parts of ...
) are collectively South Korea's administration hubs. The city is home to 23 universities and colleges, including
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) is a national research university located in Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon, South Korea. KAIST was established by the Korean government in 1971 as the nation's first public, research ...
(KAIST) and Chungnam National University, as well as government research institutes, and research and development centers for global companies such as Samsung, LG, mostly located in the city's Daedeok Science Town. Occupied by humans since the Stone Age, Daejeon was historically a collection of small riverside villages. Though the area had varying degrees of strategic importance depending on the period in history, it was largely undeveloped until its use as a rail hub from the early 1900s, during the period of Japanese occupation. From the 1980s, multiple national administrative functions were moved from Seoul to Daejeon, most of which are now located in the
Daejeon Government Complex The Government Complex Daejeon ( ko, 정부대전청사), which is located in Dunsan-dong, Seo-gu at the city of Daejeon, is a set of four buildings holding several government agencies of South Korea. The area of the Government Complex, Daejeon ...
, resulting in another population increase. The city hosted the 1986
Asian Games The Asian Games, also known as Asiad, is a continental multi-sport event held every four years among athletes from all over Asia. The Games were regulated by the Asian Games Federation (AGF) from the first Games in New Delhi, India, until t ...
, the Taejon Expo '93, the
International Mathematical Olympiads The International Mathematical Olympiad (IMO) is a mathematical olympiad for pre-university students, and is the oldest of the International Science Olympiads. The first IMO was held in Romania in 1959. It has since been held annually, except i ...
in 2000, and was elevated to the status of Metropolitan City in 2005. Daejeon is situated in a lowland valley with three major rivers eventually flowing into the Yellow Sea by way of the Geum river. The city is surrounded by several small mountains, and is located approximately south of Seoul and north of Busan, and east of the Yellow Sea. Daejeon experiences a monsoon-influenced, four-season climate with wet, hot summers and drier, cold winters.


History

Human beings first settled in the Daejeon region during the
Stone Age The Stone Age was a broad prehistoric period during which stone was widely used to make tools with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface. The period lasted for roughly 3.4 million years, and ended between 4,000 BC and 2,000 BC, with t ...
. It was occupied and in use as strategic military ground in various times by people such as the ''Usul-gun'' of Baekje, ''Bipung-gun'' of Silla, and the ''Hoideok-hyeon'', ''Yuseong-hyeon'', ''Deokjin-hyeon'', and ''Jinjam-hyeon''. During the
Joseon Kingdom Joseon (; ; Middle Korean: 됴ᇢ〯션〮 Dyǒw syéon or 됴ᇢ〯션〯 Dyǒw syěon), officially the Great Joseon (; ), was the last dynastic kingdom of Korea, lasting just over 500 years. It was founded by Yi Seong-gye in July 1392 and re ...
period, it remained occupied by the ''Hoideok-hyeon'' and ''Jinjam-hyeon'' of Gongju Mokha. In 1895, most of the area was made part of Hoideok-gun and Jinjam-gun, excluding some parts that belonged to Gongju-gun. The Daejeon area was historically known as ''Hanbat'' (한밭), a native Korean term for "large field", during the Joseon Dynasty. "Daejeon" simply means the same thing in Hanja. In the 19th century, Daejeon was also known in English as Kung-tsiou. Historically, Daejeon was a small village without many residents. However, in 1905, the
Gyeongbu Railway The Gyeongbu Line (''Gyeongbuseon'') is a railway line in South Korea and is considered to be the most important and one of the oldest ones in the country. It was constructed in 1905, connecting Seoul with Busan via Suwon, Daejeon, and Daegu. ...
began operations from Seoul to Busan, opening a station at Daejeon. In 1926 under the rule of the Japanese government, the
Honam Railway {{Infobox rail line , box_width = auto , name = Honam Line , other_name = , native_name = 호남선(湖南線) , native_name_lang = kr , color = , logo = , logo_width = , logo_alt = , image = Korail H ...
was built between Mokpo and Daejeon, transforming the latter into a major transportation hub. Because of its location and proximity to means of transportation, Daejeon grew quickly. As railroads were laid under Japanese rule, an environment friendly to the Japanese was created, and many Japanese began to settle in Daejeon taking advantage of the opportunity. According to 1910 census data, 58%, or more than half of the 4,350 Daejeon population at the time, were Japanese. In 1925, 56% of the 8,861 people in Daejeon were Japanese. Therefore, Daejeon was one of the cities with great cultural influence of Japanese residents. For example, elderly people who experienced Japanese colonial era pronounce '단무지' (Pickled radish, danmuji) as '닥광/단광'(dakgwang/dangwang), '컵' (cup, keob) as '고뿌' (goffu) and '비닐' (vinyl, binil) as '비니루' (binilu). In addition, '우에시다리' (Uesidari), a representative team division game in Daejeon, was also created at this time and is believed to have been derived from the Japanese word '上(うえ, Ue)' meaning 'up' and the Japanese word '下(した, sita)' meaning 'down'. In 1932, the capital of Chungnam province was moved from Gongju to Daejeon. During the Korean War, the city was the site of an early major conflict: the Battle of Taejon. Also during the war, the mass graves of civilians killed by South Korean police were discovered near Taejon and reported on by Alan Winnington in his famous anti-war leaflet "I Saw Truth in Korea". Embarrassed by the contents of the leaflet, the British government considered having him executed for treason, though instead decided to make him stateless. Since then, changes have been made to the city's boundaries. Its official names have evolved, as well. Among the boundary modifications include one that effectively made the nearby town of
Daedeok Daedeok Innopolis, formerly known as Daedeok Science Town, is the research and development district in the Yuseong-gu district in Daejeon, South Korea. Daedeok Innopolis grew out of the research cluster established by President Park Chunghee in ...
a part of the city in 1983. Then, in the late 1980s, Daejeon was elevated to the status of Special City (''Jikhalsi''), thus became a separate administrative region from Chungcheongnam-do. In 1995, all South Korean Special Cities were again renamed as Metropolitan Cities, which is reflected in the current official name of Daejeon, Daejeon Metropolitan City (대전광역시). In the 1980s, the Korean administration began moving various national government operations from Seoul to Daejeon, eventually opening the
Daejeon Government Complex The Government Complex Daejeon ( ko, 정부대전청사), which is located in Dunsan-dong, Seo-gu at the city of Daejeon, is a set of four buildings holding several government agencies of South Korea. The area of the Government Complex, Daejeon ...
in 1997. Today, the national government offices in Daejeon include Korea Customs Service, Small and Medium Business Administration, Public Procurement Service, National Statistical Office, Military Manpower Administration, Korea Forest Service,
Cultural Heritage Administration The Cultural Heritage Administration () or CHA, formerly the Cultural Properties Administration, is the agency of the South Korean government charged with preserving and promoting Korean cultural heritage. It is headquartered in the city of Dae ...
, Korean Intellectual Property Office,
Korail The Korea Railroad Corporation (Korean: 한국철도공사, Hanja: ), branded as KORAIL (코레일, officially changed to in November 2019), is the national railway operator in South Korea. Currently, KORAIL is a public corporation, managed ...
, Korea Water Resources Corporation,
Korea Minting and Security Printing Corporation The Korea Minting, Security Printing and ID Card Operating Corporation (KOMSCO; Korean: 한국조폐공사) is a state-owned corporation which is responsible to print and mint the banknotes and coins and other government documents. Its headquar ...
and Patent Court of Korea. The population of Daejeon increased dramatically as a result of the government center. However, with the construction of
Sejong Special Self-Governing City Sejong (; ), officially the Sejong Special Self-Governing City (), is a special self-governing city and ''de facto'' administrative capital of South Korea. Sejong was founded in 2007 as the new planned capital of South Korea from many parts of ...
in 2013 for the division of capital functions and balanced local development, many of the public institutions that had previously headed to Daejeon were moved to Sejong, and many public institutions in Seoul were also moved to Sejong. With the launch of Sejong City, large-scale development began, resulting in infrastructure construction and large-scale apartment complexes. Sejong is located immediately north of Daejeon, and Daejeon citizens began to outflow to Sejong. As of July 2020, there was net outflow of more than 100,000 people from Daejeon to Sejong.


Geography

Daejeon lies between latitudes N36°10'59" and N36°30'1" and longitudes E127°14'48" and E127°33'35" near the middle of South Korea. It is from Seoul, from Busan and from
Gwangju Gwangju () is South Korea's sixth-largest metropolis. It is a designated metropolitan city under the direct control of the central government's Home Minister. The city was also the capital of South Jeolla Province until the provincial office ...
. Known historically as 'big field,' the city lies inside a great circle surrounded by several mountains, with
Gyeryongsan National Park Gyeryongsan National Park ( ko, 계룡산국립공원, 鷄龍山國立公園) is one of 20 national parks in South Korea. It was designated as a national park in 1968, as the second park in the country. It covers an area of . One part of Gyeryong ...
straddling the city border on the west, and the foot of the Sobaek Mountain range just beyond the city to the south and east. Three rivers run through the center of the city: Gapcheon (갑천), Yudeungcheon (유등천), and Daejeoncheon (대전천). These flow roughly from south to north, eventually joining the Geum River which borders the city on the northeast. The river changes direction after leaving Daejeon, turning to the southwest and eventually emptying into the Yellow Sea near Gunsan.


Climate

Daejeon has a monsoon-influenced, four-season climate that lies between the humid subtropical and humid continental climatic classifications ( Köppen ''Cwa''/''Dwa'', respectively), with slightly more mild temperature extremes compared with Seoul. Winters are cold and dry with monthly mean temperature of in January. Summers are hot and humid with a monthly mean temperature of in August. The heaviest rainfall during the year typically occurs from July through August during the Korean monsoon season.


Administrative divisions

Daejeon is divided into five political "gu" or "districts": Seogu (서구), Donggu (동구), Yuseonggu (유성구), Daedeokgu (대덕구), and
Junggu Jung District (), meaning "Central District," is the name of a ''gu'' (district) in several South Korean cities: *Jung District, Busan *Jung District, Daegu *Jung District, Daejeon *Jung District, Incheon *Jung District, Seoul *Jung District, Ulsan ...
(중구).


Demographics

As of January 2022, Daejeon has a population of 1,469,543, including 17,292 (1.2%) registered residents of foreign nationality.


Religion

According to the census of 2005, of the people of Daejeon, 21.8% follow Buddhism and 31.2% follow Christianity (20.5% Protestantism and 10.7% Catholicism). About 47% of the population is mostly not religious or follows Muism and other indigenous religions.


Education

There are 23 universities and colleges in Daejeon, concurrently enrolling around 90,000 students and employing 4,000 professors. Major public universities in Daejeon include: * Chungnam National University, a major
national university A national university is mainly a university created or managed by a government, but which may also at the same time operate autonomously without direct control by the state. Some national universities are associated with national cultural or po ...
established for the South Chungcheong province. * Daejeon Chungnam University, a campus in the four-year Korea National Open University system. * Hanbat National University, founded in 1927, specializing in partnerships between industry and academia. *
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) is a national research university located in Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon, South Korea. KAIST was established by the Korean government in 1971 as the nation's first public, research ...
( KAIST), the nation's first public research-oriented science and engineering institution. The university was ranked as the best Asian science and technology school by '' Asiaweek'' in 2000. Major private universities in Daejeon include: * Mokwon University * Pai Chai University, founded in 1885, one of the oldest private universities in South Korea. * Woosong University, specialized curriculum based on international exchange, foreign-language, and IT education. *
Hannam University Hannam University (한남대학교) is a private Christian university in Daejeon, South Korea. It was founded in 1956. Transition In February 1959, Linton (W.A.) was inaugurated as the first president of Daejeon University. The university has ...
, founded in 1956 by Christian missionaries, with a main campus in O-Jeong Dong (site of the historic Missionary Village), and a branch campus is in Techno Valley. Specialized high schools and academies include: * Daejeon Foreign Language High School is a selective high school focusing on teaching of foreign language. The school provides language education of 7 majors including English, German, French, Spanish, Chinese, Japanese, and Russian. *
Daejeon Science High School Daejeon Science High School for the Gifted (DSHS, ko, 대전과학고등학교) is located in Daejeon, South Korea. It was founded in 1984. The school is for gifted students with talents in mathematics and sciences. The graduates of the school ...
is a selective high school focused on teaching science. *
Taejon Christian International School Taejon Christian International School (TCIS) is a Pre-K to Grade 12 international school located in an area known as Techno Valley, a neighborhood in the northern part of Daejeon, South Korea. TCIS is a Three-Programme IB World School and provid ...
is an international school in the city.


Research and development

Known as the Silicon Valley of Korea, Daejeon is the home of private and public research institutes, centers and science parks. The R&D centers of Samsung,
Institute of Information Technology Advancement The Institute of Information Technology Advancement (IITA) is a South Korea government organization under the National IT Industry Promotion Agency (NIPA), working in the fields of research and development (R&D) and information technology (IT). ...
, LG,
Korea University of Science and Technology The University of Science and Technology (UST) is a group of public universities and research institutions in Seoul, Suwon, Changwon, Ansan, Seongnam and Daejeon, in South Korea. The UST was established in 2003 by the Ministry of Science, IC ...
,
Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute The Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute () is a Korean government-funded research institution in Daedeok Science Town in Daejeon, Republic of Korea. Overview Established in 1976, ETRI is a non-profit government-funded research i ...
and others are in Daedeok Science Town in Yuseong-gu. Daejeon features a technology cluster known as Daedeok Innopolis defined by the national Universities
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology The Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) is a national research university located in Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon, South Korea. KAIST was established by the Korean government in 1971 as the nation's first public, research ...
(KAIST) and Chungnam National University and surrounded by government research institutes, government-invested corporate research institutes, corporate research centers, and venture companies. The research institutes and universities in Daedeok Valley have spun off multiple startups. Korea has invested heavily in building up the research expertise for over 30 years, creating long-term research programs. Over 7,000 PhD researchers are in the sciences in Daedeok and it had the most application for patents during 2000–2011 among the National Industrial Complex. Researchers and businessmen work in the fields of telecommunications, nanofabrication, biotechnology, water,
nuclear Nuclear may refer to: Physics Relating to the nucleus of the atom: * Nuclear engineering *Nuclear physics *Nuclear power *Nuclear reactor *Nuclear weapon *Nuclear medicine *Radiation therapy *Nuclear warfare Mathematics *Nuclear space *Nuclear ...
and hydro power, nuclear fusion, design, measurement technologies, mechanical engineering,
fuel cell A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy of a fuel (often hydrogen) and an oxidizing agent (often oxygen) into electricity through a pair of redox reactions. Fuel cells are different from most batteries in requ ...
s, aeronautics, new materials, robotics, new drugs, and environmental technologies. Daedeok Innopolis' membership includes 898 corporations, 35 government-invested and sponsored institutions; six universities, and 15 public organizations. Among Daedeok Innopolis' universities, KAIST is considered the top technical university in Korea. Strong fields at KAIST include computer science, electrical and nuclear engineering, mechanical design, chemistry, and telecommunications. Chungnam National University also plays a central role in those fields, and brings expertise in biotechnology, medicine, and the agricultural sciences. These universities are complemented by institutions such as Hanbat National University, Pai Chai University,
Hannam University Hannam University (한남대학교) is a private Christian university in Daejeon, South Korea. It was founded in 1956. Transition In February 1959, Linton (W.A.) was inaugurated as the first president of Daejeon University. The university has ...
, Mokwon University, and Woosong University. Research institutes in Daedeok include the
Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) is a government research institute in Daejeon, South Korea. It is dedicated to biotechnology research across a broad span of expertise, from basic studies for the fundamental unde ...
(KRIBB), the
Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) in Daejeon, South Korea was established in 1959 as the sole professional research-oriented institute for nuclear power in South Korea, and has rapidly built a reputation for research and developme ...
(KAERI), Electronic and Telecommunications Research Institute (ETRI), Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI), Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute (KASI), Korea Fusion Energy Research Institute (KFERI), National Nanofab Center,
Korea Basic Science Institute The Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI; ) is a Korean government-funded research institute that conducts basic science research and relevant pure basic research. KBSI was established in August 1988 as a research institute under the National R ...
(KBSI), Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials (KIMM), Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT),
Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information The Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information (KISTI), Korea () is a government backed research institute in Daedeok Science Town in Daejeon, South Korea. Chronology See also *Korea University of Science and Technology The ...
(KISTI), Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), Marine and Ocean Engineering Research Institute,
Institute of Information Technology Advancement The Institute of Information Technology Advancement (IITA) is a South Korea government organization under the National IT Industry Promotion Agency (NIPA), working in the fields of research and development (R&D) and information technology (IT). ...
(IITA), Korea Institute of Geosciences and Mineral Resources, Agency for Defense Development (ADD), Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korea Institute of Nuclear Non-proliferation and Control, National Institute for Mathematical Sciences (NIMS),
Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety The Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety (KINS; ) in Daejeon, South Korea Daejeon () is South Korea's fifth-largest metropolis, with a population of 1.5 million as of 2019. Located in the central-west region of South Korea alongside forest ...
(KINS), Rare Isotope Science Project (RISP),
National Research Foundation of Korea The National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) was established in 2009 as a merger of Korea Science and Engineering Foundation (KOSEF), Korea Research Foundation (KRF), and Korea Foundation for International Cooperation of Science and Technolog ...
(NRF), and the National Security Research Institute. Among the technology produced in Daedeok are ETRI's wireless communications systems CDMA, WIBRO, and DMB, KRIBB's nano biochips, KARI's
KOMPSAT KOMPSAT or Korean Multi-Purpose Satellite is a series of South Korean multipurpose satellite for Earth observation satellite, Earth observation, Communications satellite, communications, Weather satellite, meteorological, Biophysical environment ...
satellites, and NFRI's KSTAR nuclear fusion experimental reactor. Daedeok is also home to 21 corporate research centers with global reach surrounded by an equal number of smaller firms. Some of the notable corporate research centers are Dongbu Advanced Research Institute (biotechnology, microorganisms and agrichemicals), GS-Caltex Value Creation Center (environmentally friendly products including substitutes for oil), Hanwha Chemical Research (biotechnology, electronics materials, catalysts, and nanotechnology), Honam Petrochemical Daeduk Research Institute (synthetic chemistry and petrochemicals), LG Chemical LTD. Research Park (lithium ion battery and polymer battery development), Samyang R&D Center (medical research and electronics), and SK Institute of Technology (petroleum-related research). Public corporation research institutes such as Korea Electric Power Research Institute (hydroelectric projects and nuclear energy), Korea Institute of Construction Materials (authorized test agency for construction materials), and Korea Institute of Aerospace Technology (aerospace design, satellites, launch technologies) are also part of the Daedeok system. On 16 May 2013, Daejeon was selected as the core of the International Science and Business Belt. Besides a tire production facility, Hankook Tire has its main R&D centre in Daejeon.


Arts and culture


Museums and arts centers

Daejeon is the home of multiple arts and culture complexes, mostly centered around the Daedeok area. These include the Daejeon Museum of Art which hosts primarily technology-oriented modern and contemporary exhibitions, the Daejeon Arts Center which is home to local music and theater groups including the Daejeon Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Laurent Beaudouin-designed
Lee Ungno Museum The Lee Ungno Museum (Korean: 이응노미술관) is an art museum in Daejeon, South Korea. History The museum was inaugurated in 2007. The museum's designers won the Award of Excellence at the 2007 Korean Architecture Awards, and also won the K ...
, a large permanent collection of works by or related to the prominent Korean artist Lee Ungno. The
Expo Science Park Expo Science Park is a science park in Yuseong-gu to the north of Daejeon, South Korea, built for Taejŏn Expo '93. Facilities at Expo Park included a garden, amusement park, and observation tower. While the tower and some buildings remain, most o ...
, built on the grounds of the former international exposition (
Taejŏn Expo '93 Taejon Expo '93 was a three-month international exposition held between Saturday, August 7, 1993 and Sunday, November 7, 1993 in the central South Korean city of Daejeon (at the time spelled "Taejŏn"). Theme The theme of the exposition was " ...
) is home to the Institute for Basic Science and the National Science Museum, Korea's flagship science museum which features a main exhibition hall highlighting harmony between nature, man, and technology, as well as dedicated buildings related to natural history, future technology, biosphere, a children's science museum, and an astronomical observatory. Nearby are the Geological Museum, belonging to the
Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources The Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) is a research institute in South Korea focused on geological resources in the nation. KIGAM is a member institute of the National Research Council of Science and Technology and is u ...
, and the Daejeon Citizen's Observatory which houses a 10-inch refracting telescope and is the first citizen observatory in Korea. Other arts spaces in the city include the six-floor
Daejeon Artist House Daejeon () is South Korea's fifth-largest metropolis, with a population of 1.5 million as of 2019. Located in the central-west region of South Korea alongside forested hills and the Geum River, the city is known both for its technology an ...
, performing arts center, and the Natural Ecology Center at Daecheong Lake.


Parks and nature

Daejeon citizens are recognized for their fondness of nature, with most mountains, hot springs, and rivers freely open for public use. Many of the city's modern-day traditions, festivals, attractions, and industries are linked in some way to important mountains, rivers, and forests. There are eight 'beautiful sights' designated by city government, including the mountains
Sikjangsan Sikjangsan is a mountain located in Dong-gu, Daejeon, South Korea. It has an elevation of . See also *Geography of Korea *List of mountains in Korea *List of mountains by elevation A ''list'' is any set of items in a row. List or lists may a ...
, Bomunsan, Gubongsan (),
Jangtaesan Jangtaesan (Jang tae mountain) is located in the Jangan-dong neighbourhood of Daejeon, Korea. The Jangtaesan Natural Recreation Forest is the only metasequoia forest in Korea. Regular maintenance keeps the forest healthy and safe for visitors. Loc ...
, and Gyejoksan, the lake Daecheonghosu, as well as
Yuseong Foot Spa Yusong Foot Spa () is a public natural hot spring located in an urban park in Yuseong-gu, a district of Daejeon Metropolitan City, South Korea. The foot spa is open year-round and is free to the public. The park features fountains, streams, color ...
, and Expo Science Park, which includes landmarks such as the Hanbit Tower and Expo Bridge. The
Daejeon Hanbat Arboretum Daejeon Hanbat Arboretum (Korean: 한밭수목원; Hanja: 한밭樹木園) is an urban park and arboretum in Daejeon Metropolitan City, located in Seo District at the confluence of the Yuseongcheon and Gap rivers. Covering 387,000 sq/m (96 acres), ...
, built on the former parking lots of the World Expo, also holds the distinction of being the largest manmade arboretum in Korea. Overlooking Daejeon from the south, Bomunsan Mountain park includes water springs, trails, viewpoints, Buddhist temples, a nature healing center, outdoor concert hall, and Daejeon O-World, a theme park which includes Daejeon Zoo, Joy Land, and Flower Land. The park is home to 160 species of 600 animals, 17 rides and themed gardens including Sounds garden, Herb Garden, and Rose Garden.


Media

Daejeon is a provincial center for the television, newspaper and publishing industries. Major television broadcasting companies, such as KBS and MBC, have branches in Daejeon; Taejon Broadcasting Corporation (TJB) is a local television broadcaster based in Daejeon. Cable TV services are available in most apartments. Eight (8) channels of Mobile TV are provided with the digital radio channels. Several FM radio stations provide news and music on the air. KBS, MBC, TJB have their FM radio channels, there are Christian radio channels, FEBC and CBS, and traffic news channel TBN. Daejeon Ilbo is the major local newspaper which covers South Chungcheong province.


Festivals

Daejeon Science Festival, which symbolizes the science city of Daejeon, is a representative festival. Other yearly festivals include The Hyo Culture Root Festival, Daejeon International Wine Fair, Yuseong Oncheon Festival, Geumgang Rojas Festival, Diku Festival, Gyejoksan Mountain Manbal Festival and Gyeonwoojik Women Festival.


Sports

Daejeon is home to multiple professional teams and national and internationally active sports facilities. The Daejeon World Cup Stadium was constructed for the
2002 FIFA World Cup The 2002 FIFA World Cup, also branded as Korea Japan 2002, was the 17th FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial Association football, football world championship for List of men's national association football teams, men's national teams organized by ...
, hosting several games including the South Korea vs. Italy match in the round of 16. The facility is now the home of the city's football club. The
Daejeon Hanbat Sports Complex Daejeon Hanbat Sports Complex ( ko, 대전한밭종합운동장) is a sports complex, comprising a multi-purpose stadium (including athletic facilities and a soccer pitch), a ballpark, Basketball courts, tennis courts and various other sports fac ...
was built in 1964, and was one of the host sites of the
1986 Asian Games The 1986 Asian Games ( ko, 1986년 아시아 경기대회/1986년 아시안 게임, Cheon gubaek palsip-yuk nyeon Asia gyeonggi daehoe/Cheon gubaek palsip-yuk nyeon Asian Geim), officially known as the 10th Asian Games and the X Asiad ( ko, 제10 ...
, and also hosted preliminaries during the
1988 Olympic Games 1988 Olympics refers to both: *The 1988 Winter Olympics, which were held in Calgary, Alberta, Canada *The 1988 Summer Olympics The 1988 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XXIV Olympiad () and commonly known as Seoul ...
in Seoul. Today, with several of the facilities renovated, it hosts the city's professional baseball, K3 League football, and volleyball teams. The city is also home to
LPGA The Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) is an American organization for female golfers. The organization is headquartered at the LPGA International in Daytona Beach, Florida, and is best known for running the LPGA Tour, a series of weekl ...
golfers
Pak Se-ri Pak Se-ri or Se-ri Pak ( ko, 박세리, ; born 28 September 1977) is a South Korean former professional golfer who played on the LPGA Tour from 1998 to 2016. She was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2007. Career overview Born in ...
and
Jang Jeong Jeong Jang ( ko, 장정, born 11 June 1980) is a South Korean professional golfer who played on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour. She was also a member of the LPGA of Korea Tour. Jang was born in Daejeon, South Korea. She started playing golf at the a ...
, and is the hometown of former New York Mets left-handed reliever
Dae-sung Koo Koo Dae-sung (; born August 2, 1969) is a Korean former professional baseball pitcher. A left-handed pitcher, Koo formerly played for the Hanwha Eagles in the KBO League, as well as the New York Mets of Major League Baseball and the Orix BlueW ...
.


Football

The city is home to the K League 1 football club Daejeon Hana Citizen, playing home games at Daejeon World Cup Stadium, and the K3 League side Daejeon Korail, which plays home games at Daejeon Hanbat Sports Complex.


Baseball

The
Hanwha Eagles The Hanwha Eagles ( ko, 한화 이글스) are a South Korean professional baseball team based in Daejeon. They are a member of the KBO League. The Eagles' home ballpark is Daejeon Hanbat Baseball Stadium. The Eagles have won the Korean Series on ...
of the KBO League were founded in Daejeon in 1985. They play home games at the
Daejeon Hanbat Baseball Stadium The Daejeon Hanbat Baseball Stadium, also known as the Hanwha Life Eagles Park due to sponsorship reasons, is a baseball park in Daejeon, South Korea. The stadium is located in the vicinity of Daejeon Station. Located in Daejeon Hanbat Sports Com ...
, built in Busa-dong in 1964, with an iconic view of Bomunsan mountain in the outfield. The stadium was renovated and expanded in 2013, moving the outfield wall and expanding seating to 13,000.


Volleyball

The
V-League V-League or V.League may refer to: * V.League (Japan), a professional volleyball league * V-League (South Korea), a professional volleyball league * V-League (Philippines), a collegiate volleyball league * V.League 1 The V.League 1 ( vi, Gi ...
men's volleyball club
Daejeon Samsung Fire Bluefangs Daejeon Samsung Fire Bluefangs ( ko, 대전 삼성화재 블루팡스) is a South Korean professional volleyball team. The team was founded in 1995 and became fully professional in 2005. They are based in Daejeon and are members of the Korea Voll ...
and the V-League women's volleyball club
Daejeon KGC Daejeon Korea Ginseng Corporation ( ko, 대전 KGC인삼공사) is a South Korean professional women's volleyball team. The team was founded in 1988 and became fully professional in 2005. They are based in Daejeon and are members of the Korea Vol ...
both play their home games at the Chungmu Gymnasium of the Daejeon Hanbat Sports Complex.


Transportation

Daejeon is a center of transportation in South Korea, where two major expressways,
Gyeongbu Expressway The Gyeongbu Expressway ( ko, 경부고속도로; ''Gyeongbu Gosokdoro'') ( Asian Highway Network ) is the second oldest and most heavily travelled expressway in South Korea, connecting Seoul to Suwon, Daejeon, Gumi, Daegu, Gyeongju, Ulsan and ...
and
Honam Expressway Branch Honam Expressway Branch (Honam Gosokdoroui Jiseon, 호남고속도로의지선) is an expressway in South Korea, connecting Nonsan to Daejeon. The expressway's route number is 251. This route was origin way of Honam Expressway until August 20 ...
, and two major railway lines,
Gyeongbu railway The Gyeongbu Line (''Gyeongbuseon'') is a railway line in South Korea and is considered to be the most important and one of the oldest ones in the country. It was constructed in 1905, connecting Seoul with Busan via Suwon, Daejeon, and Daegu. ...
and
Honam railway {{Infobox rail line , box_width = auto , name = Honam Line , other_name = , native_name = 호남선(湖南線) , native_name_lang = kr , color = , logo = , logo_width = , logo_alt = , image = Korail H ...
, are joined. Travel time between Daejeon and Seoul using the
KTX Korea Train eXpress (), often known as KTX (), is South Korea's high-speed rail system, operated by Korail. Construction began on the high-speed line from Seoul to Busan in 1992. KTX services were launched on April 1, 2004. From Seoul Station the ...
high-speed rail High-speed rail (HSR) is a type of rail system that runs significantly faster than traditional rail, using an integrated system of specialised rolling stock and dedicated tracks. While there is no single standard that applies worldwide, lines ...
system is about 50 minutes. The nearest airport to Daejeon is
Cheongju Airport Cheongju International Airport (Hangul: 청주국제공항; Hanja: 淸州國際空港; Revised Romanization: Cheongju Gukje Gonghang; McCune-Reischauer: Ch'ŏngju Kukche Konghang) is an international airport in Cheongwon-gu, South Korea. It als ...
, about a thirty-minute drive north of Daejeon. However, there are also direct bus connections to Incheon International Airport.


Subway

One line,
Daejeon Subway Line 1 Daejeon Subway Line 1 is a subway line is located in Daejeon, South Korea. After excluding the Seoul metropolitan area, it was the fourth subway line created in Korea, following Busan, Daegu, and Gwangju. Its line color is green. It is long with ...
, of a planned five-line subway system has been operating since 17 April 2007 (partial operations on this line began on 16 March 2006). This subway line connects Daejeon Station, located in the original city center, with the more modern and more recently developed sections of this city, including Dunsan, where the city hall and a number of national government buildings are located. Notable differences between the Daejeon subway and the Seoul subway include narrower cars, no doors connecting cars, four cars per train rather than ten, and storage space under the seats for use by passengers. Originally, plastic tokens for toll were read by a proximity sensor when entering the turnstiles, and then inserted into a slot when exiting. The design of the tokens allowed them to be used for advertising. The system now employs the T-money system, a rechargeable series of
Smart card A smart card, chip card, or integrated circuit card (ICC or IC card) is a physical electronic authentication device, used to control access to a resource. It is typically a plastic credit card-sized card with an embedded integrated circuit (IC) c ...
s and other "smart" devices used for paying transportation fares.
Platform screen doors Platform screen doors (PSDs), also known as platform edge doors (PEDs), are used at some train, rapid transit and people mover stations to separate the platform from train tracks, as well as on some bus rapid transit, tram and light rail syste ...
are installed in the subway stations.


Cycling

The name of the public bicycle in Korea is different for each region, and the name of the public bicycle in Daejeon is '타슈(Tashu)'. '타슈(Tashu) is a name created using the Chungcheong dialect, and if you change it to the standard language, it becomes '타세요(Taseyo)'. Tashu is an unmanned rental public bicycle service operated in Daejeon Metropolitan City since 2008, and the basic rental fee is 500 won, and if you rent a daily ticket, you can use it unlimitedly within an hour on that day. In other words, if you return it within an hour of rental, you can re-rent it for free immediately after returning it and use it for another hour. However, if it exceeds one hour at a time, it will be automatically charged, so be careful. The rental time is from 5 a.m. to 0 a.m., and rental is not possible from 0 a.m. to 5 a.m., and only return is possible. The name '타슈(Tashu)' is considered a good example of branding because it is a good name for anyone in the world to pronounce while maintaining their local identity.


Gallery

File:Chusei-Nan Provincial Office.jpg, South Chuncheong Provincial Office in 1920s. File:South Chungcheong Provincial Office.jpg, Government offices for the South Chungcheong province in 2007 File:Taiden Station.JPG, Daejeon Station in 1920s File:Daejeon train station.jpg, Daejeon train station in 2007 File:Daejeon Zooland.JPG, File:Uam Historic Park, Daejeon.jpg, Uam Historic Park File:롯데 시티 호텔 대전 평송 청소년 문화 센터.jpg, Pyeongsong Youth Cultural Center and blocks of flats of Dunsan-dong district from Lotte City Hotel Daejeon in 2020 File:대전 목척교.jpg, Mokcheok Bridge File:Daejeon Immigration Office, October 2019.jpg, Immigration office File:대전시 동구8경 식장산.jpg, View of Daejeon from Sikjang Mountain, with Dong-gu in the foreground.


Notable people

* An Yu-jin, singer ( Iz*One, Ive) * Kim Joon-ho, comedian *
Do Ji-han Do Ji-han (born September 24, 1991) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for his supporting roles in the film '' The Tower'' (2012), which earned him a Baeksang Arts Award nomination for Best New Actor, and on the KBS2's television series ' ...
, actor *
Choi Sung-bong Sungbong Choi (; 18 February 1990 – 20 June 2023) was a South Korean singer. After passing qualification examinations for elementary school and middle school, he graduated from the Dae-Jeon Art High School, and made his debut on the 2011 sea ...
, singer *
Chung Eun-yong Chung Eun-yong (1923 – August 1, 2014) was a South Korean policeman and activist. Chung initiated a decades long investigation into the July 1950 No Gun Ri Massacre by elements of the 7th Cavalry Regiment during the early days of the Korean War ...
, policeman and activist *
Han Eun-jung Han Eun-jung also known as Han Da-Gam (born July 10, 1980) is a South Korean comedienne and actress. She is known for ''Successful Story of a Bright Girl'' (2002), ''Full House ''Full House'' is an American television Situation comedy, sitco ...
, actress *
Yoon Joo-hee Yoon Joo-hee (born February 21, 1985) is a South Korean actress. She is best known for starring in the multi-season medical/ crime procedural cable TV series ''Quiz of God ''Quiz of God'' () is a South Korean television series broadcast on c ...
, actress * Han Sang-hyuk, singer ( VIXX) * Hong Jin-ho, television personality and former professional
StarCraft ''StarCraft'' is a military science fiction media franchise created by Chris Metzen and James Phinney and owned by Blizzard Entertainment. The series, set in the beginning of the 26th century, centers on a galactic struggle for dominance am ...
player * Ivy, singer and musical actress * Kwon Sang-woo, actor * Lee Na-eun, singer and actress ( April), born in Cheongju (청주), moved to Daejeon before entering elementary school. * Lee Yoon-ki, film director * Lim Choong-hyun, footballer *
Rhie Won-bok Rhie Won-bok (born 4 October 1946) is a South Korean cartoonist and professor. Education Rhie was born in what is now Daejeon, South Korea. He studied architecture in Seoul National University, after which he studied graphic design in Münster ...
, cartoonist *
Pak Se-ri Pak Se-ri or Se-ri Pak ( ko, 박세리, ; born 28 September 1977) is a South Korean former professional golfer who played on the LPGA Tour from 1998 to 2016. She was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2007. Career overview Born in ...
, former
professional golfer A professional golfer is somebody who receives payments or financial rewards in the sport of golf that are directly related to their skill or reputation. A person who earns money by teaching or playing golf is traditionally considered a "golf pr ...
* Joon Park, artist * Ryu Su-jeong, singer ( Lovelyz) * Shin Chaeho, independence activist, historian, anarchist, nationalist, and the founder of Korean ethnic nationalist historiography * Shin Seung-hun, singer-songwriter * Song Joong-ki, actor * Chen – singer, dancer, model and member of ( EXO, EXO-CBX) * Kyu Ha Kim, judoka * Baek Ye-rin, singer ( 15&) * Park Ji-min, singer (15&) * Jo Bo-ah, actress, model, and host * Park Eun-ooh, singer-songwriter, music producer, vocalist, and lyricist *
Son Seok-koo Son Suk-ku (; born February 7, 1983), also spelled as Son Seok-koo, is a South Korean actor. He gained recognition for his roles in the television series ''Matrimonial Chaos'' (2018), '' Designated Survivor: 60 Days'' (2019), '' D.P.'' (2021), a ...
, actor * Choi Jung-in, singer * Kim Woo-seok, singer ( X1, Up10tion) and actor * FlaSh, '' StarCraft: Brood War'' and '' StarCraft II'' player * Paul Sun-Hyung Lee, actor * Kim Dong-hyun, singer (
AB6IX AB6IX (; ''pronounced as A-B-Six'') is a South Korean boy band formed by Brand New Music. The group currently consists of four members: Jeon Woong, Kim Dong-hyun, Park Woo-jin and Lee Dae-hwi. Former leader Lim Young-min's departure from the gro ...
) * Yeo One, singer (
Pentagon In geometry, a pentagon (from the Greek πέντε ''pente'' meaning ''five'' and γωνία ''gonia'' meaning ''angle'') is any five-sided polygon or 5-gon. The sum of the internal angles in a simple pentagon is 540°. A pentagon may be simpl ...
) and actor *
Kwak Dong-yeon Kwak Dong-yeon (; born 19 March 1997), is a South Korean actor and musician. He made his acting debut in the television series ''My Husband Got a Family'' in 2012 for which he received Best Young Actor Award at the Korea Drama Awards. He then st ...
, actor * Lee Hae-in, figure skater


Twin towns – sister cities


See also

* List of cities in South Korea


References


Citations


Bibliography

* .


External links

*
Daejeon: Official site of Korea Tourism Org.
(archived) {{Authority control Special Cities and Metropolitan Cities of South Korea