Table Bay Nature Reserve
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The Table Bay Nature Reserve is an nature reserve in Milnerton, Western Cape, South Africa. It consists of several smaller constituent reserves including
Rietvlei Wetland Reserve The Rietvlei Wetland Reserve is a nature reserve situated in Table View, Western Cape, South Africa. It is managed by the City of Cape Town's Environmental Resource Management Department.
,
Diep River Fynbos Corridor The Diep River Fynbos Corridor is a nature reserve located in the Blaauwberg region of Cape Town, South Africa. It forms part of the larger Table Bay Nature Reserve, which was established in June 2012. Location and ownership The Fynbos Corridor ...
, Zoarvlei Wetlands, Milnerton Racecourse Nature Reserve, and Milnerton Lagoon, as well as surrounding protected areas. These adjacent reserves were amalgamated on 27 June 2012, in order to improve the biodiversity management in the built-up area. It is managed by the City of Cape Town's Environmental Resource Management Department, with offices at Rietvlei.Nature reserves
 The Table Bay Nature Reserve forms the southernmost buffer area of the Cape West Coast Biosphere Reserve, and links it to the edge of Cape Town's city centre. It also contains a large portion of the critically endangered lowland habitats remaining in Cape Town. The central feature in the Table Bay Nature Reserve is the Rietvlei wetland system. The Rietvlei Wetlands and Milnerton Lagoon were proclaimed as a Nature Area on 3 August 1984, in proclamation number 1632 of Provincial Gazette No. 9345. The Nature Reserve is partly owned by the City of Cape Town and the World Wildlife Fund for Nature – South Africa, who own two of the Erven. The City of Cape Town manages these two Erven on a 99-year lease for the purposes of nature conservation.


Biodiversity

Fauna and flora in the reserve include the following:Table Bay Nature Reserve Draft Integrated Reserve Management Plan


Mammals


Indigenous

; Bathyergidae: *''Bathyergus suillus'' (
Cape dune mole-rat The Cape dune mole-rat (''Bathyergus suillus'') is a species of solitary burrowing rodent in the family Bathyergidae. It is endemic to South Africa and named for the Cape of Good Hope. Description The Cape dune mole-rat is the largest of all t ...
) *''Cryptomys hottentotus'' ( common mole-rat) *''Georychus capensis'' (
Cape mole-rat The Cape mole-rat (''Georychus capensis'') is a species of mole-rat endemic to South Africa. It is the only extant species currently described as belonging to the genus ''Georychus''. Description Cape mole-rats closely resemble other African ...
) ; Bovidae: *''Raphicerus campestris'' (
steenbok The steenbok (''Raphicerus campestris'') is a common small antelope of southern and eastern Africa. It is sometimes known as the steinbuck or steinbok. Description Steenbok resemble small oribi, standing 45–60 cm (16"–24") at the ...
) *''Raphicerus melanotis'' (
Cape grysbok The Cape or southern grysbok (''Raphicerus melanotis'') is a small antelope that is endemic to the Western Cape region of South Africa between Albany and the Cederberg mountains. Description left, Illustrated in ''The Book of Antelopes'' (18 ...
) *''Sylvicapra grimmia'' ( common duiker) ;
Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, ''canis'', "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within th ...
: *''Vulpes chama'' ( Cape fox) ; Chrysochloridae: *''Cryptochloris asiatica'' a.k.a. ''Chrysochloris asiatica'' ( Cape golden mole) ;
Felidae Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the ...
: *''Felis caracal'' ( caracal) ; Herpestidae: *''Atilax paludinosus'' ( water mongoose) *''Cynictis penicillata'' ( yellow mongoose) *''Galerella pulverulenta'' (
Cape gray mongoose The Cape grey mongoose (''Herpestes pulverulentus''), also called the small grey mongoose, is a small mammal native to South Africa, Lesotho and southern Namibia. Appearance It is a small species (55–69 cm long, weight range 0.5 – ...
) *''Herpestes ichneumon'' ( Egyptian mongoose) ; Hystricidae: *''Hystrix africaeaustralis'' ( Cape porcupine) ; Leporidae: *''Lepus capensis'' ( Cape hare) *''Lepus saxatilis'' ( scrub hare) ;
Muridae The Muridae, or murids, are the largest family of rodents and of mammals, containing approximately 1,383 species, including many species of mice, rats, and gerbils found naturally throughout Eurasia, Africa, and Australia. The name Muridae come ...
: *''Dendromus melanotis'' (
gray climbing mouse The gray climbing mouse (''Dendromus melanotis'') is a species of rodent in the family Nesomyidae. It is found in Angola, Benin, Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Guinea, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Nigeria, Rwanda, ...
) *''Mus musculus'' (
house mouse The house mouse (''Mus musculus'') is a small mammal of the order Rodentia, characteristically having a pointed snout, large rounded ears, and a long and almost hairless tail. It is one of the most abundant species of the genus '' Mus''. Althoug ...
) *''Otomys irroratus'' ( vlei rat) *''Otomys unisulcatus'' ( bush vlei rat) *''Rattus rattus'' (
black rat The black rat (''Rattus rattus''), also known as the roof rat, ship rat, or house rat, is a common long-tailed rodent of the stereotypical rat genus ''Rattus'', in the subfamily Murinae. It likely originated in the Indian subcontinent, but is n ...
) *''Rhabdomys pumilio'' (
striped field mouse The striped field mouse (''Apodemus agrarius'') is a rodent in the family Muridae. The range of this species stretches from Eastern Europe to Eastern Asia. Synonyms Accepted synonyms include ''Apodemus albostriatus'' (Bechstein, 1801), ''Apode ...
) *''Tatera afra'' (
Cape gerbil The Cape gerbil, ''Gerbilliscus afra'', is a species of rodent found only in South Africa. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry shrubland and temperate desert A desert is a barren area of landscape where little precipitati ...
) *''Mus indutus'' ( desert pygmy mouse) ; Mustelidae; *''Aonyx capensis'' ( Cape clawless otter) *''Mellivora capensis'' ( honey badger) ; Soricidae: *''Myosorex varius'' ( forest shrew) ; Vespertilionidae: *''Eptesicus capensis'' ( Cape serotine bat) ; Viverridae: *''Genetta genetta'' (
small-spotted genet The common genet (''Genetta genetta'') is a small viverrid Indigenous (ecology), indigenous to Africa that was introduced to southwestern Europe. It is widely distributed north of the Sahara, in savanna zones south of the Sahara to southern Afri ...
) *''Genetta tigrina'' ( Cape genet)


Introduced

;
Canidae Canidae (; from Latin, ''canis'', "dog") is a biological family of dog-like carnivorans, colloquially referred to as dogs, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a canid (). There are three subfamilies found within th ...
: *''Canis lupus familiaris'' a.k.a. ''Canis familiaris'' ( domestic dog) ;
Felidae Felidae () is the family of mammals in the order Carnivora colloquially referred to as cats, and constitutes a clade. A member of this family is also called a felid (). The term "cat" refers both to felids in general and specifically to the ...
: *''Felis silvestris catus'' a.k.a. ''Felis catus'' (
domestic cat The cat (''Felis catus'') is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is commonly referred to as the domestic cat or house cat to distinguish it from the wild members o ...
)


Reptiles

; Chamaeleonidae: *''Bradypodion pumilum'' ( Cape dwarf chameleon) *''Bradypodion occidentale'' ( Namaqua dwarf chameleon) ;
Colubridae Colubridae (, commonly known as colubrids , from la, coluber, 'snake') is a family of snakes. With 249 genera, it is the largest snake family. The earliest species of the family date back to the Oligocene epoch. Colubrid snakes are found on ever ...
: *''Psammophylax rhombeatus'' (
rhombic skaapsteker ''Psammophylax rhombeatus'' (psammo=sand, phylax=guard) or Rhombic Skaapsteker, is a small, attractively patterned, Southern African snake usually measuring between 45 and 85 centimetres in length, though occasionally reaching 140 cm. In co ...
) *''Crotaphopeltis hotamboeia'' (herald snake) *''Dasypeltis scabra'' ( common eggeater) *''Dispholidus typus'' (
boomslang The boomslang (, , or ; ''Dispholidus typus'') is a large, highly venomous snake in the family Colubridae. Taxonomy and etymology Its common name means "tree snake" in Afrikaans and Dutch – ''boom'' meaning "tree", and ''slang'' meaning "sna ...
) *''Duberria lutrix lutrix'' ( common slugeater) *''Lamprophis aurora'' ( Aurora house snake) *''Lamprophis fuscus'' ( yellow-bellied house snake) *''Lamprophis inornatus'' ( olive house snake) *''Lycodonomorphus rufulus'' (
common brown water snake The common brown water snake (''Lycodonomorphus rufulus'') is a species of nonvenomous South African snake. This gentle, harmless snake is by far the most common water snake in southern Africa. It can be found from Cape Town in the south, along ...
) *''Psammophis crucifer'' ( cross-marked grass snake), (crossmarked grass snake) *''Psammophis leightoni'' ( Cape sand snake) *''Psammophis notostictus'' ( Karoo sand snake) *''Pseudaspis cana'' ( mole snake) *''Chamaesaura anguina'' ( Cape grass lizard) ; Elapidae: *''Homoroselaps lacteus'' ( spotted harlequin snake) *''Naja nivea'' ( Cape cobra) ; Gekkonidae: *''Afrogecko porphyreus'' (
marbled leaf-toed gecko The marbled leaf-toed gecko (''Afrogecko porphyreus'') is a gecko found in southern and southwestern South Africa (including many offshore islands) and in Namibia. It is a flat, medium-sized gecko. Description It has a mottled, greyish body, a ...
), (marbled leaftoed gecko) *''Pachydactylus geitje'' ( ocellated thick-toed gecko), (ocellated thicktoed gecko) ;
Gerrhosauridae The Gerrhosauridae are a family of lizards native to Africa and Madagascar. Habitat Also known as plated lizards, species in the family Gerrhosauridae live in a range of habitats, from rocky crevices to sand dunes. Description Their form i ...
: *''Gerrhosaurus flavigularis'' (
yellow-throated plated lizard The yellow-throated plated lizard or plated lizard (''Gerrhosaurus flavigularis'') is a species of lizard, which is about 45½ cm (18 inches) in total length (including tail) and lives in the grassland and scrub of Sudan Sudan ( or ; ar, ...
) ;
Lacertidae The Lacertidae are the family (biology), family of the wall lizards, true lizards, or sometimes simply lacertas, which are native to Afro-Eurasia. It is a diverse family with at least 300 species in 39 genera. They represent the dominant group o ...
: *''Meroles knoxii'' ( Knox's desert lizard) ; Leptotyphlopidae: *'' Leptotyphlops nigricans'' (black thread snake) ; Pelomedusidae: *''Pelomedusa subrufa'' ( marsh terrapin) ; Scincidae: *''Acontias meleagris meleagris'' ( Cape legless skink) *''Scelotes bipes'' ( silvery dwarf burrowing skink) *''Trachylepis capensis'' ( Cape skink) *''Typhlosaurus caecus'' ( Cuvier's blind legless skink) *''Trachylepis homalocephala'' ( red-sided skink), (redsided skink) ; Testudinidae: *''Chersina angulata'' (
angulate tortoise The angulate tortoise (''Chersina angulata'') is a species of tortoise found in dry areas and coastal scrubland, scrub vegetation in South Africa. This tortoise is the monotypic, only known member of the genus ''Chersina''. Name and taxonomy Thi ...
) *''Homopus areolatus'' (
parrot-beaked tortoise ''Homopus areolatus'', commonly known as the common padloper or parrot-beaked tortoise, is a tiny species of tortoise of the genus ''Homopus'', indigenous to the southern part of South Africa. Naming ''Homopus areolatus'' is known by a wide ran ...
), (parrotbeaked tortoise) ; Typhlopidae: *''
Rhinotyphlops lalandei ''Rhinotyphlops lalandei'', known commonly as Delalande's beaked blind snake, is a species of snake in the family Typhlopidae. The species is endemic to southern Africa. Etymology The specific name, ''lalandei'', is in honor of French naturali ...
'' (Delalande's beaked blind snake), (Delalande's blind snake) ; Viperidae: *'' Bitis armata'' ( southern adder)


Amphibians

; Brevicipitidae: *''Breviceps rosei'' ( sand rain frog) ; Bufonidae: *''Vandijkophrynus angusticeps'' ( sand toad) *''Amietophrynus pantherinus'' ( western leopard toad) endangered (EN) *''Amietophrynus rangeri'' (
raucous toad The raucous toad (''Sclerophrys capensis''), also known as Ranger's toad, is a species of toad from Southern Africa.Du Preez, L. H., Carruthers, Vincent; A complete guide to the frogs of southern Africa. Pub: Cape Town, South Africa : Struik Na ...
) ;
Pipidae The Pipidae are a family of primitive, tongueless frogs. The 41 species in the family Pipidae are found in tropical South America (genus ''Pipa'') and sub-Saharan Africa (the three other genera). Description Pipid frogs are highly aquatic and ...
: *''Xenopus laevis'' ( common platanna) ; Pyxicephalidae bonaparte: *''Cacosternum platys'' ( caco) sp., (
flat caco The flat caco, flat dainty frog, or smooth dainty frog (''Cacosternum platys'') is a species of frog in the family Pyxicephalidae, endemic to South Africa. Its natural habitats are Mediterranean-type shrubby vegetation, subtropical or tropical se ...
) *''Strongylopus grayii grayii'' (
clicking stream frog Gray's stream frog (''Strongylopus grayii'') is a fairly small species of frog in the family Pyxicephalidae.Du Preez, L. H.; Carruthers, Vincent. ''A Complete Guide to the Frogs of Southern Africa''. Cape Town, South Africa: Struik Nature. 2009C ...
) *''Tomopterna delalandii'' (
Cape sand frog Delalande's sand frog (''Tomopterna delalandii''), also known as Delalande's frog, Cape sand frog, or striped pixie, is a species of frog in the family Pyxicephalidae. It is endemic to western and southern South Africa and occurs in the low-lyi ...
) *''Amietia fuscigula'' (
Cape river frog The Cape river frog (''Amietia fuscigula'') is a species of frog in the Family (biology), family Pyxicephalidae named for the Cape of Good Hope. Formerly, it was placed in the family Ranidae. It occurs widely in the Eastern Cape and Western Cap ...
)


Fish


Indigenous

; Anabantidae: *''Sandelia capensis'' (
Cape kurper The Cape kurper (''Sandelia capensis'') is a species of fish in the family Anabantidae, the climbing gouramis or climbing perches. It is endemic to South Africa. Description The Cape kurper can grow to 25 cm in length and weigh up to 200g. ...
) ; Anguillidae: *'' Anguilla mossambica steinitzi'' ( longfin eel) ; Clupeidae: *'' Gilchristella aestuaria'' ( estuarine round-herring) ; Galaxiidae: *''Galaxias zebratus'' ( Cape galaxias) ; Gobiidae: *''
Caffrogobius nudiceps ''Caffrogobius'' is a genus of fish in the family Gobiidae, native to the Atlantic and Indian Ocean coasts of southern Africa and from around the Seychelles. Species There are currently seven recognized species in this genus: * ''Caffrogobius a ...
'' ( barehead goby) ; Mugilidae: *''Liza richardsonii'' ( southern mullet) *''Mugil cephalus'' ( flathead mullet) ;
Sparidae The Sparidae are a family of fish in the order Perciformes, commonly called sea breams and porgies. The sheepshead, scup, and red seabream are species in this family. Most sparids are deep-bodied compressed fish with a small mouth separated by a ...
: *''Lithognathus lithognathus'' (
white steenbras The white steenbras (''Lithognathus lithognathus'') is a species of fish in the family Sparidae endemic to South Africa. Due to overfishing Overfishing is the removal of a species of fish (i.e. fishing) from a body of water at a rate greate ...
) *''
Rhabdosargus globiceps ''Rhabdosargus globiceps'', the white stumpnose, is an endemic fish found on the southern African coast, from Angola to the Qora River just south of Port St Johns. In Afrikaans it is known as . Description The fish is silver in color with 5 - ...
'' (
white stumpnose ''Rhabdosargus'' is a genus of fish in the family (biology), family Sparidae. Species There are currently 6 recognized species in this genus: * ''Rhabdosargus globiceps'' Achille Valenciennes, Valenciennes, 1830 (White stumpnose) * ''Rhabdosarg ...
)


Introduced

;
Cichlidae Cichlids are fish from the family Cichlidae in the order Cichliformes. Cichlids were traditionally classed in a suborder, the Labroidei, along with the wrasses ( Labridae), in the order Perciformes, but molecular studies have contradicted thi ...
: *''Oreochromis mossambicus'' ( Mozambique tilapia) *''Tilapia sparrmanii'' ( banded tilapia) ; Clariidae: *''Clarias gariepinus'' ( sharp-tooth catfish) ;
Cyprinidae Cyprinidae is a family of freshwater fish commonly called the carp or minnow family. It includes the carps, the true minnows, and relatives like the barbs and barbels. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family and the largest verte ...
: *''Cyprinus carpio'' (
carp Carp are various species of oily freshwater fish from the family Cyprinidae, a very large group of fish native to Europe and Asia. While carp is consumed in many parts of the world, they are generally considered an invasive species in parts of ...
) ; Poeciliidae: *''Gambusia affinis'' (
mosquitofish The western Mosquitofish (''Gambusia affinis'') is a North American freshwater fish, also known commonly, if ambiguously, as simply Mosquitofish or by its generic name, ''Gambusia'', or by the common name gambezi. Its sister species, the easte ...
)


Birds

; Accipitridae: *''Buteo rufofuscus'' ( jackal buzzard) *''Buteo vulpinus'' (
steppe buzzard The common buzzard (''Buteo buteo'') is a medium-to-large bird of prey which has a large range. A member of the genus ''Buteo'', it is a member of the family Accipitridae. The species lives in most of Europe and extends its breeding range across ...
) *''Circus ranivorus'' ( African marsh-harrier) vulnerable (VU) *''Elanus caeruleus'' ( black-winged kite) *''Haliaeetus vocifer'' ( African fish eagle) *''Milvus migrans'' ( black kite), ( yellow-billed kite) *''Accipiter melanoleucus'' ( black sparrowhawk) ; Acrocephalidae: *''Acrocephalus scirpaceus'' (
Common reed warbler The common reed warbler (''Acrocephalus scirpaceus'') is an Old World warbler in the genus '' Acrocephalus''. It breeds across Europe into the temperate western Palaearctic where it is migratory, wintering in sub-Saharan Africa. It is also a res ...
) *''Acrocephalus gracilirostris'' ( lesser swamp warbler) ; Alaudidae: *''Calandrella cinerea'' (
red-capped lark The red-capped lark (''Calandrella cinerea'') is a small passerine bird. This lark breeds in the highlands of eastern Africa southwards from Ethiopia and Somaliland. In the south, its range stretches across the continent to Angola and south to t ...
) ; Alcedinidae: *''Alcedo cristata'' ( malachite kingfisher) ; Anatidae: *''Alopochen aegyptiacus'' ( Egyptian goose), ( Kolgans) *''Anas capensis'' ( Cape teal) *''Anas erythrorhyncha'' ( red-billed teal) *''Anas platyrhynchos'' (
mallard The mallard () or wild duck (''Anas platyrhynchos'') is a dabbling duck that breeds throughout the temperate and subtropical Americas, Eurasia, and North Africa, and has been introduced to New Zealand, Australia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay, Arge ...
) *''Anas smithii'' ( Cape shoveler) *''Anas sparsa'' ( African black duck) *''Anas undulata'' ( yellow-billed duck) *''Plectropterus gambensis'' ( spur-winged goose) *''Spatula hottentota'' (
blue-billed teal The blue-billed teal, spotted teal or Hottentot teal (''Spatula hottentota'') is a species of dabbling duck of the genus ''Spatula''. It is migratory resident in eastern and southern Africa, from Sudan and Ethiopia west to Niger and Nigeria and ...
) *''Netta erythrophthalma'' ( southern pochard) *''Oxyura maccoa'' ( Maccoa duck) near threatened (NT) *''Sarkidiornis melanotos'' ( Knob-billed duck) *''Tadorna cana'' (
South African shelduck The South African shelduck or Cape shelduck (''Tadorna cana'') is a species of shelduck, a group of large goose-like birds which are part of the bird family Anatidae, which also includes the swans, geese and ducks. This is a common species nativ ...
) ; Anhingidae: *''Anhinga rufa'' ( African darter) ; Apodidae: *''Apus affinis'' ( little swift) *''Apus barbatus'' ( African black swift) *''Apus caffer'' ( white-rumped swift) *''Tachymarptis melba'' (
Alpine swift The alpine swift (''Tachymarptis melba'') formerly ''Apus melba'', is a species of swift found in Africa, southern Europe and Asia. They breed in mountains from southern Europe to the Himalaya. Like common swifts, they are migratory; the souther ...
) ; Ardeidae: *''Ardea cinerea'' ( grey heron) *''Ardea melanocephala'' ( black-headed heron) *''Ardea purpurea'' ( purple heron) *''Bubulcus ibis'' ( cattle egret) *''Egretta garzetta'' ( little egret) *''Egretta intermedia'' ( yellow-billed egret) *''Ixobrychus minutus'' ( little bittern) *''Nycticorax nycticorax'' (
black-crowned night heron The black-crowned night heron (''Nycticorax nycticorax''), or black-capped night heron, commonly shortened to just night heron in Eurasia, is a medium-sized heron found throughout a large part of the world, including parts of Europe, Asia, and N ...
) *''Ardea goliath'' ( Goliath heron) *''Egretta alba'' ( great egret) ; Caprimulgidae: *''Caprimulgus pectoralis'' (
fiery-necked nightjar The fiery-necked nightjar (''Caprimulgus pectoralis'') is a species of nightjar in the family Caprimulgidae, which is found mostly in Africa south of the equator, though it has been spotted in a few countries north of the equator. It is most ...
) ; Centropodidae: *''Centropus burchelli'' ( Burchell's coucal) ; Cerylidae: *''Ceryle rudis'' ( pied kingfisher) *''Megaceryle maximus'' (
giant kingfisher The giant kingfisher (''Megaceryle maxima'') is the largest kingfisher in Africa, where it is a resident breeding bird over most of the continent south of the Sahara Desert, other than the arid southwest. Taxonomy The first Species description, ...
) ; Charadriidae: *''Charadrius tricollaris'' ( three-banded plover) *''Vanellus armatus'' ( blacksmith lapwing), (
blacksmith plover The blacksmith lapwing or blacksmith plover (''Vanellus armatus'') is a lapwing species that occurs commonly from Kenya through central Tanzania to southern and southwestern Africa. The vernacular name derives from the repeated metallic 'tink, ti ...
) *''Charadrius pecuarius'' ( Kittlitz's plover) *''Vanellus coronatus'' (
crowned lapwing The crowned lapwing (''Vanellus coronatus''), or crowned plover, is a bird of the lapwing subfamily that occurs contiguously from the Red Sea coast of Somalia to southern and southwestern Africa. It is an adaptable and numerous species, with bold ...
) *''Charadrius hiaticula'' ( common ringed plover) *''Charadrius marginatus'' (
white-fronted plover The white-fronted plover or white-fronted sandplover (''Charadrius marginatus'') is a small (45-50 g) shorebird of the family Charadriidae that inhabits sandy beaches, dunes, mudflats and the shores of rivers and lakes in sub-saharan Africa and M ...
) *''Charadrius pallidus'' ( chestnut-banded plover) near threatened (NT) *''Pluvialis squatarola'' ( grey plover) ; Chionidae: *''Burhinus capensis'' (
spotted thick-knee The spotted thick-knee (''Burhinus capensis''), also known as the spotted dikkop or Cape thick-knee, is a wader in the family Stone-curlew, Burhinidae. It is native to tropical regions of central and southern Africa. Description The spotted thic ...
), ( spotted dikkop) *''Burhinus vermiculatus'' (
water thick-knee The water thick-knee or water dikkop (''Burhinus vermiculatus'') is a species of bird in the thick-knee family Burhinidae. The species is found across sub-Saharan Africa, usually close to water. Distribution and habitat The water thick-knee has ...
), (
water dikkop The water thick-knee or water dikkop (''Burhinus vermiculatus'') is a species of bird in the thick-knee family Burhinidae. The species is found across sub-Saharan Africa, usually close to water. Distribution and habitat The water thick-knee has a ...
) ; Ciconiidae: *''Ciconia ciconia'' ( white stork) *''Ciconia nigra'' ( black stork) near threatened (NT) *''Mycteria ibis'' (
yellow-billed stork The yellow-billed stork (''Mycteria ibis''), sometimes also called the wood stork or wood ibis, is a large African wading stork species in the family Ciconiidae. It is widespread in regions south of the Sahara and also occurs in Madagascar. Taxo ...
) ; Cisticolidae: *''Apalis thoracica'' (
bar-throated apalis The bar-throated apalis (''Apalis thoracica'') is a small African passerine bird belonging to the genus ''Apalis'' of the family Cisticolidae. It is native to the eastern and southern Afrotropics. Range and habitat It inhabits forest and scrub ...
) *''Cisticola tinniens'' (
Levaillant's cisticola Levaillant's cisticola (''Cisticola tinniens''), also known as the tinkling cisticola, is a small passerine bird which is native to marshlands in the uplands of Africa, southwards of the equator. Description Levaillant's cisticola is a small, 12 ...
) *''Prinia maculosa'' ( Karoo prinia) *''Cisticola juncidis'' (
zitting cisticola The zitting cisticola or streaked fantail warbler (''Cisticola juncidis'') is a widely distributed Old World warbler whose breeding range includes southern Europe, Africa (outside the deserts and rainforest), and southern Asia down to northern Aus ...
) *''Cisticola subruficapilla'' (
grey-backed cisticola The grey-backed cisticola or red-headed cisticola (''Cisticola subruficapilla'') is a small passerine bird. This cisticola is a resident breeder in southernmost Angola, Namibia and western South Africa. The grey-backed cisticola is a very commo ...
) *''Cisticola textrix'' (
cloud cisticola The cloud cisticola or tink-tink cisticola (''Cisticola textrix'') is a species of bird in the family Cisticolidae. It is found in Angola, Eswatini, Lesotho, Mozambique, South Africa, and Zambia, and its natural habitat is subtropical or tropica ...
) ; Coliidae: *''Colius colius'' ( white-backed mousebird) *''Colius striatus'' ( speckled mousebird) *''Urocolius indicus'' ( red-faced mousebird) ; Columbidae: *''Columba livia'' ( feral pigeon), ( rock dove) *''Oena capensis'' (
Namaqua dove The Namaqua dove (''Oena capensis'') is a small pigeon. It is the only species in the genus ''Oena.'' It is found over much of Sub-Saharan Africa as well as Arabia and Madagascar. Taxonomy The Namaqua dove is the only species in the monotypic ...
) *''Streptopelia capicola'' ( Cape turtle dove) *''Streptopelia semitorquata'' ( red-eyed dove) *''Streptopelia senegalensis'' (Lag Duifie), ( laughing dove) *''Columba guinea'' ( speckled pigeon) ; Corvidae: *''Corvus albus'' ( pied crow) *''Corvus splendens'' ( Indian house crow) *''Corvus albicollis'' ( white-necked raven) ; Cuculidae: *''Chrysococcyx caprius'' ( Diderick cuckoo) *''Chrysococcyx klaas'' ( Klaas's cuckoo) *''Clamator jacobinus'' ( Jacobin cuckoo) ; Dendrocygnidae: *''Dendrocygna viduata'' ( white-faced duck) *''Thalassornis leuconotus'' (
white-backed duck The white-backed duck (''Thalassornis leuconotus'') is a waterbird of the family Anatidae. It is distinct from all other ducks, but most closely related to the whistling ducks in the subfamily Dendrocygninae, though also showing some similarities ...
) *''Dendrocygna bicolor'' (
fulvous duck The fulvous whistling duck or fulvous tree duck (''Dendrocygna bicolor'') is a species of whistling duck that breeds across the world's tropical regions in much of Mexico and South America, the West Indies, the southern United States, sub-Sahar ...
) ; Estrildidae: *''Estrilda astrild'' ( common waxbill) ;
Falconidae The falcons and caracaras are around 60 species of diurnal birds of prey that make up the family Falconidae (representing all extant species in the order Falconiformes). The family is divided into three subfamilies, Herpetotherinae, which inclu ...
: *''Falco biarmicus'' ( Lanner falcon) near threatened (NT) *''Falco rupicolus'' ( rock kestrel) *''Falco peregrinus'' (
peregrine falcon The peregrine falcon (''Falco peregrinus''), also known as the peregrine, and historically as the duck hawk in North America, is a Cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan bird of prey (Bird of prey, raptor) in the family (biology), family Falco ...
) near threatened (NT) ; Fringillidae: *''Serinus canicollis'' ( Cape canary) *''Crithagra flaviventris'' ( yellow canary) *''Emberiza capensis'' ( Cape bunting) *''Crithagra albogularis'' (
white-throated canary The white-throated canary (''Crithagra albogularis'') is a species of finch in the family Fringillidae. Taxonomy The white-throated canary was formerly placed in the genus ''Serinus'' but phylogenetic analysis using mitochondrial and nuclear DNA ...
) *''Serinus sulphuratus'' ( brimstone canary) ; Gruidae: *''Anthropoides paradiseus'' ( blue crane) vulnerable (VU) ; Haematopodidae: *''Haematopus moquini'' (
African black oystercatcher The African oystercatcher or African black oystercatcher (''Haematopus moquini''), is a large charismatic wader resident to the mainland coasts and offshore islands of southern Africa. This near-threatened oystercatcher has a population of over ...
) near threatened (NT) ;
Heliornithidae The Heliornithidae are a small family of tropical birds with webbed lobes on their feet like those of grebes and coots. The family overall are known as finfoots, although one species is known as a sungrebe. The family is composed of three speci ...
: *''Fulica cristata'' ( red-knobbed coot) *''Gallinula chloropus'' ( common moorhen) *''Porphyrio madagascariensis'' ( African purple swamphen) ; Hirundinidae: *''Hirundo albigularis'' ( white-throated swallow) *''Hirundo cucullata'' (
greater striped swallow The greater striped swallow (''Cecropis cucullata'') is a large swallow that is native to Africa south of the equator. Taxonomy The greater striped swallow was described by the French polymath Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon in 1780 in h ...
) *''Hirundo dimidiata'' (
pearl-breasted swallow The pearl-breasted swallow (''Hirundo dimidiata'') is a small swallow. Description The pearl-breasted swallow is 13–14 cm long. It has glossy blue upperparts and grey-white underparts. The upper wings, underwing flight feathers and forked ...
) *''Hirundo rustica'' ( barn swallow) *''Riparia paludicola'' ( brown-throated martin) *''Delichon urbicum'' (
common house-martin Common may refer to: Places * Common, a townland in County Tyrone, Northern Ireland * Boston Common, a central public park in Boston, Massachusetts * Cambridge Common, common land area in Cambridge, Massachusetts * Clapham Common, originally com ...
) *''Hirundo fuligula'' ( rock martin) *''Riparia cincta'' ( banded martin) *''Hirundo spilodera'' ( South African cliff-swallow) ; Indicatoridae: *''Indicator indicator'' (
greater honeyguide The greater honeyguide (''Indicator indicator'') is a bird in the family Indicatoridae, paleotropical near passerine birds related to the woodpeckers. Its English and scientific names refer to its habit of guiding people to bee colonies. C ...
) ; Laniidae: *''Lanius collaris'' (
southern fiscal The southern fiscal or fiscal shrike (''Lanius collaris'') is a member of the shrike family found through most of southern Africa. It is also sometimes named jackie hangman or butcher bird due to its habit of impaling its prey on acacia thorn ...
), (
fiscal shrike The southern fiscal or fiscal shrike (''Lanius collaris'') is a member of the shrike family found through most of southern Africa. It is also sometimes named jackie hangman or butcher bird due to its habit of impaling its prey on Acacia sensu l ...
) ; Laridae: *''Larus cirrocephalus'' ( grey-headed gull) *''Larus dominicanus'' ( kelp gull) *''Larus hartlaubii'' (
Hartlaub's gull Hartlaub's gull (''Chroicocephalus hartlaubii''), also known as the king gull, it is a small gull. It was formerly sometimes considered to be a subspecies of the silver gull (''C. novaehollandiae''), and, as is the case with many gulls, it has t ...
) *''Chlidonias hybrida'' ( whiskered tern) *''Chlidonias leucopterus'' ( white-winged tern) *''Sterna balaenarum'' (
Damara tern The Damara tern (''Sternula balaenarum'') is a species of small tern in the family Laridae which breeds in the southern summer in southern Africa and migrates to tropical African coasts to winter. Description At in length the Damara tern is a s ...
) near threatened (NT) *''Sterna bergii'' ( swift tern) *''Sterna caspia'' ( Caspian tern) near threatened (NT) *''Sterna hirundo'' ( common tern) *''Sterna sandvicensis'' ( Sandwich tern) *''Sterna vittata'' ( Antarctic tern) ;
Locustellidae Locustellidae is a newly recognized family of small insectivorous songbirds ("warblers"), formerly placed in the Old World warbler "wastebin" family. It contains the grass warblers, grassbirds, and the ''Bradypterus'' "bush warblers". These bird ...
: *''Bradypterus baboecala'' (
little rush warbler The little rush warbler or African bush warbler (''Bradypterus baboecala'') is a species of Old World warbler in the family Locustellidae. Range and habitat It is found in Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Chad, Republic of the Congo, DRC, E ...
) ; Lybiidae: *''Tricholaema leucomelas'' ( acacia pied barbet) ; Macrosphenidae: *''Sphenoeacus afer'' (
Cape grassbird The Cape grassbird or Cape grass warbler (''Sphenoeacus afer'') is an African warbler found in southern Africa. Taxonomy Formerly placed in the family Sylviidae, it is the only member of the genus ''Sphenoeacus''. The taxonomy of the "African w ...
) ; Meropidae: *''Merops apiaster'' ( European bee-eater) ;
Monarchidae The monarchs (family Monarchidae) comprise a family of over 100 passerine birds which includes shrikebills, paradise flycatchers, and magpie-larks. Monarchids are small insectivorous songbirds with long tails. They inhabit forest or woodland a ...
: *''Laniarius ferrugineus'' (
southern boubou The southern boubou (''Laniarius ferrugineus'') ('ferrugineus' - rust-coloured) is a bushshrike. Though these passerine birds and their relations were once included with true shrikes in the Laniidae, they are not closely related to that family ...
) *''Telophorus zeylonus'' (
bokmakierie The bokmakierie (''Telophorus zeylonus'') is a bushshrike. This family of passerine birds is closely related to the true shrikes in the family Laniidae, and was once included in that group. This species is endemic to southern Africa, mainly in ...
) ; Motacillidae: *''Anthus cinnamomeus'' ( African pipit) *''Macronyx capensis'' ( Cape longclaw) *''Motacilla capensis'' ( Cape wagtail) ; Muscicapidae: *''Cossypha caffra'' ( Cape robin-chat) *''Saxicola torquatus'' ( African stonechat) *''Sigelus silens'' ( fiscal flycatcher) *''Turdus olivaceus'' ( olive thrush) *''Cercomela familiaris'' ( familiar chat) *''Cercotrichas coryphaeus'' ( Karoo scrub-robin) *''Oenanthe pileata'' ( capped wheatear) ; Nectariniidae: *''Cinnyris chalybeus'' ( southern double-collared sunbird) *''Nectarinia famosa'' (
malachite sunbird The malachite sunbird (''Nectarinia famosa'') is a small nectarivorous bird found from the highlands of Ethiopia southwards to South Africa. They pollinate many flowering plants, particularly those with long corolla tubes, in the Fynbos. Taxono ...
) ; Passeridae: *''Passer melanurus'' (
Cape sparrow The Cape sparrow (''Passer melanurus''), or mossie, is a bird of the sparrow family Passeridae found in southern Africa. A medium-sized sparrow at , it has distinctive plumage, including large pale head stripes in both sexes. Its plumage is mo ...
) *''Passer domesticus'' (
house sparrow The house sparrow (''Passer domesticus'') is a bird of the sparrow family Passeridae, found in most parts of the world. It is a small bird that has a typical length of and a mass of . Females and young birds are coloured pale brown and grey, a ...
) *''Passer diffusus'' ( southern grey-headed sparrow) ; Pelecanidae: *''Pelecanus onocrotalus'' (
great white pelican The great white pelican (''Pelecanus onocrotalus'') also known as the eastern white pelican, rosy pelican or white pelican is a bird in the pelican family. It breeds from southeastern Europe through Asia and Africa, in swamps and shallow lakes. ...
), ( Wit pelikan) near threatened (NT) ; Phalacrocoracidae: *''Phalacrocorax africanus'' (
reed cormorant The reed cormorant (''Microcarbo africanus''), also known as the long-tailed cormorant, is a bird in the cormorant family Phalacrocoracidae. It breeds in much of Africa south of the Sahara, and Madagascar. It is resident but undertakes some se ...
) *''Phalacrocorax capensis'' ( Cape cormorant) near threatened (NT) *''Phalacrocorax lucidus'' (
white-breasted cormorant The white-breasted cormorant (''Phalacrocorax lucidus'') is much like the widespread great cormorant and if not a regional variant of the same species, is at least very closely related. It is distinguished from other forms of the great cormorant ...
) *''Phalacrocorax coronatus'' (
crowned cormorant The crowned cormorant (''Microcarbo coronatus'') is a small cormorant that is endemic to the waters of the cold Benguela Current of southern Africa. It is an exclusively coastal species and is not found more than 10 km (6 mi) away fro ...
) near threatened (NT) ;
Phasianidae The Phasianidae are a family (biology), family of heavy, ground-living birds, which includes pheasants, partridges, junglefowl, chickens, Turkey bird, turkeys, Old World quail, and peafowl. The family includes many of the most popular Game (hunti ...
: *''Numida meleagris'' ( helmeted guineafowl) *''Pternistis capensis'' (
Cape spurfowl The Cape spurfowl or Cape francolin (''Pternistis capensis'') is a gamebird in the pheasant family Phasianidae. It is endemic to southern Africa, where it is the largest francolin. It occurs in the Western Cape province of South Africa, and loca ...
) *''Scleroptila africanus'' (
grey-winged francolin The grey-winged francolin (''Scleroptila afra'') is a species of bird in the family Phasianidae. It is found in Lesotho and South Africa South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa. ...
) *''Coturnix coturnix'' ( common quail) ; Phoenicopteridae: *''Phoenicopterus minor'' ( lesser flamingo) near threatened (NT) *''Phoenicopterus ruber'' ( greater flamingo) near threatened (NT) ; Phylloscopidae: *''Phylloscopus trochilus'' ( willow warbler) ; Ploceidae: *''Euplectes capensis'' (
yellow bishop The yellow bishop (''Euplectes capensis''), also known as Cape bishop, Cape widow or yellow-rumped widow, is a resident breeding bird species in Angola, Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesoth ...
) *''Euplectes orix'' ( southern red bishop) *''Ploceus capensis'' (
Cape weaver The Cape weaver (''Ploceus capensis'') is a species of bird in the weaver family, Ploceidae, found in southern Africa. Taxonomy and systematics In 1760 the French zoologist Mathurin Jacques Brisson included a description of the Cape weaver in hi ...
) *''Ploceus velatus'' (
southern masked-weaver The southern masked weaver (''Ploceus velatus''), or African masked weaver, is a resident breeding bird species common throughout southern Africa. This weaver is very widespread and found in a wide range of habitats, including shrubland, savan ...
) ; Podicipedidae: *''Podiceps cristatus'' ( great crested grebe) *''Podiceps nigricollis'' ( black-necked grebe) *''Tachybaptus ruficollis'' ( little grebe) ; Pycnonotidae: *''Pycnonotus capensis'' ( Cape bulbul) ; Rallidae: *''Amaurornis flavirostris'' ( black crake) *''Sarothrura rufa'' ( red-chested flufftail) *''Porzana pusilla'' ( Baillon's crake) *''Rallus caerulescens'' ( African rail) ; Recurvirostridae: *''Himantopus himantopus'' ( black-winged stilt) *''Recurvirostra avosetta'' ( pied avocet) ;
Rostratulidae The Rostratulidae, commonly known as the painted-snipes, are a family of wading birds that consists of two genera: ''Rostratula'' and '' Nycticryphes''. Description The painted-snipes are short-legged, long-billed birds similar in shape to the t ...
: *''Rostratula benghalensis'' ( greater painted-snipe) near threatened (NT) ; Scolopacidae: *''Gallinago nigripennis'' ( African snipe), (
Ethiopian snipe The African snipe (''Gallinago nigripennis'') also known as the Ethiopian snipe, is a small stocky wader. It breeds in eastern and southern Africa in wet mountain moorland and swamps at altitudes of . When not breeding it disperses widely, incl ...
) *''Philomachus pugnax'' ( ruff) *''Tringa nebularia'' ( common greenshank) *''Tringa stagnatilis'' ( marsh sandpiper) *''Actitis hypoleucos'' (
common sandpiper The common sandpiper (''Actitis hypoleucos'') is a small Palearctic wader. This bird and its American sister species, the spotted sandpiper (''A. macularia''), make up the genus ''Actitis''. They are parapatric and replace each other geographical ...
) *''Arenaria interpres'' ( ruddy turnstone) *''Calidris alba'' ( sanderling) *''Calidris canutus'' ( red knot) *''Calidris ferruginea'' ( curlew sandpiper) *''Calidris melanotos'' ( pectoral sandpiper) *''Calidris minuta'' ( little stint) *''Limosa lapponica'' ( bar-tailed godwit) *''Numenius arquata'' ( Eurasian curlew) *''Numenius phaeopus'' ( common whimbrel) *''Steganopus tricolor'' ( Wilson's phalarope) *''Tringa glareola'' ( wood sandpiper) *''Tringa totanus'' ( common redshank) ;
Scopidae ''Scopus'' is a genus of wading birds containing the hamerkop ''(Scopus umbretta)'' and its extinct Pliocene relative, ''Scopus xenopus''. This genus is the sole representative of the family Scopidae. Taxonomy Hamerkops were traditionally includ ...
: *''Scopus umbretta'' ( hamerkop) ; Strigidae: *''Bubo africanus'' ( spotted eagle-owl) *''Asio capensis'' ( marsh owl) ; Sturnidae: *''Onychognathus morio'' (
red-winged starling The red-winged starling (''Onychognathus morio'') is a bird of the starling family Sturnidae native to eastern Africa from Ethiopia to the Cape in South Africa. An omnivorous, generalist species, it prefers cliffs and mountainous areas for nest ...
) *''Sturnus vulgaris'' (
common starling The common starling or European starling (''Sturnus vulgaris''), also known simply as the starling in Great Britain and Ireland, is a medium-sized passerine bird in the starling family, Sturnidae. It is about long and has glossy black plumage ...
), ( European starling) *''Spreo bicolor'' (
pied starling The pied starling or African pied starling (''Lamprotornis bicolor'') is a bird endemic to South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini. It is common in most of its range, but largely absent from the arid northwest and the eastern lowlands of South Afric ...
) ; Sylviidae: *''Sylvia subcoerulea'' (
chestnut-vented warbler The chestnut-vented warbler, chestnut-vented tit-babbler or rufous-vented warbler (''Curruca subcoerulea'') is an Old World warbler. The chestnut-vented warbler breeds in southern Africa in Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Namibia, South Afri ...
) ; Threskiornithidae: *''Bostrychia hagedash'' ( hadeda ibis) *''Platalea alba'' (
African spoonbill The African spoonbill (''Platalea alba'') is a long-legged wading birdglossy ibis) *''Threskiornis aethiopicus'' ( African sacred ibis) ; Tytonidae: *''Tyto alba'' (
barn owl The barn owl (''Tyto alba'') is the most widely distributed species of owl in the world and one of the most widespread of all species of birds, being found almost everywhere except for the polar and desert regions, Asia north of the Himalaya ...
) ; Upupidae: *''Upupa africana'' ( African hoopoe) ; Viduidae: *''Vidua macroura'' (
pin-tailed whydah The pin-tailed whydah (''Vidua macroura'') is a small songbird with a conspicuous pennant-like tail in breeding males. It is a resident breeding bird in most of Africa south of the Sahara Desert. Taxonomy The pin-tailed whydah was first desc ...
) ; Zosteropidae: *''Zosterops virens'' (
Cape white-eye The Cape white-eye (''Zosterops virens'') is a small passerine bird in the white-eye family. It is native to southern Africa. It is commonly found in suburbia, parks and gardens, besides a variety of mesic to well-watered habitats. Taxonomy Ther ...
)


Plants


Indigenous

; Aizoaceae: *'' Tetragonia fruticosa'' *''
Galenia africana ''Galenia'' is a synonym of ''Aizoon ''Aizoon'' or ''Aizoön'' is a genus of flowering plants in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. Distribution Apart from A. canariense (which is native to Macaronesia, North Africa, Southern Africa, Horn of A ...
'' *''
Tetragonia decumbens ''Tetragonia decumbens'' (dune spinach or sea spinach) is a coastal shrub, native to southern Africa. Description It grows as a trailing undershrub with thick, pale, furry stems, and thick, oval, saddle-shaped leaves 10-60 millimetres long an ...
'' (sea spinach) *''
Tetragonia spicata ''Tetragonia spicata'' is a Southern African perennial shrub or scrambler. Description The species is highly variable but can be recognised by its leaves which are flat (not folded or revolute) and on clear stalks (petiolate). The flowers are ...
'' *''
Acrosanthes humifusa ''Acrosanthes'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family ''Aizoaceae''. It is native to Southern Africa. Description Plants in this genus are generally prostrate to sprawling branching perennials with opposite succulent leaves. Inflores ...
'' *''
Aizoon sarmentosum ''Aizoon'' or ''Aizoön'' is a genus of flowering plants in the iceplant family, Aizoaceae. Distribution Apart from A. canariense (which is native to Macaronesia, North Africa, Southern Africa, Horn of Africa and West Asia) all species are nati ...
'' ; Amaranthaceae *'' Alternanthera sessilis'' *'' Atriplex cinerea'' *'' Atriplex semibaccata'' *''
Salicornia meyeriana ''Salicornia'' is a genus of succulent, halophytic (salt tolerant) flowering plants in the family Amaranthaceae that grow in salt marshes, on beaches, and among mangroves. ''Salicornia'' species are native to North America, Europe, Central Asia ...
'' *''
Salicornia perennis ''Salicornia perennis'', synonym ''Sarcocornia perennis'', otherwise known as perennial glasswort, is a species of halophytic perennial plant within the family Amaranthaceae Amaranthaceae is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the a ...
'' (syn. ''Sarcocornia perennis'') *'' Sarcocornia capensis'' *'' Sarcocornia natalensis'' *'' Sarcocornia pillansii'' *'' Chenopodium murale'' *'' Exomis microphylla'' ;
Amaryllidaceae The Amaryllidaceae are a family of herbaceous, mainly perennial and bulbous (rarely rhizomatous) flowering plants in the monocot order Asparagales. The family takes its name from the genus ''Amaryllis'' and is commonly known as the amaryllis fa ...
*'' Ammocharis longifolia'' *'' Brunsvigia orientalis'' ( candelabra flower) *'' Haemanthus coccineus'' *'' Haemanthus pubescens pubescens'' *'' Haemanthus sanguineus'' ; Anacardiaceae *''
Rhus glauca ''Searsia glauca'' (or the blue kuni-rhus) is a small, compact tree or bush that is commonly found along the coastline of southern Africa. Although commonest near the coast, it is also found inland among fynbos vegetation. Description The lea ...
'' *''
Rhus crenata ''Searsia crenata'', previously known as ''Rhus crenata'', ("dune crow-berry"), is a species of '' Searsia'' that is native to South Africa, where it grows in frost-free and light frost areas, especially on beach sand dunes. Description It is ...
'' , (
turkeyberry ''Solanum torvum'', the turkey berry, devil's fig, pea eggplant, platebrush or susumber, is a bushy, erect and spiny perennial plant used horticulturally as a rootstock for eggplant. Grafted plants are very vigorous and tolerate diseases affe ...
) *''
Rhus laevigata ''Searsia laevigata'', the dune currant rhus, is a small, bushy, evergreen tree that occurs in rocky fynbos slopes and coastal shrub in South Africa. Description It looks very similar to its close relative ''Searsia glauca'' but has larger leaf ...
'' *''
Rhus lancea ''Searsia lancea'' commonly known as karee (archaicly karree), is an evergreen, frost hardy, drought resistant tree, which can reach up to 8 metres in height with a 5-metre spread. In North America, where it is naturalized, it is known as Africa ...
'' *''
Rhus lucida ''Searsia lucida'', previously known as ''Rhus lucida'', and commonly known as the varnished kuni-rhus (English) or blinktaaibos (Afrikaans). Description The tree seldom reaches a height of more than 2 metres and can spread as a shrub over seve ...
'' *'' Rhus tomentosa'' *'' Schinus molle'' *'' Chlorophytum undulatum'' ; Apiaceae: *''
Dasispermum suffruticosum ''Dasispermum'' are a genus of flowering plants in the family Apiaceae, native to coastal area of southern South Africa. Short-lived perennial or annuals, they are low-lying, often sprawling herbs with succulent or semi-succulent leaves, adapted ...
'' *'' Sonderina hispida'' *'' Sonderina tenuis'' *'' Capnophyllum africanum'' *'' Stoibrax capense'' *''
Torilis arvensis ''Torilis arvensis'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Apiaceae known by the common names spreading hedge parsley, tall sock-destroyer and common hedge parsley. It is native to parts of Europe and it is known elsewhere, such as North ...
'' *'' Lichtensteinia obscura'' ; Apocynaceae: *''
Cynanchum africanum ''Cynanchum'' is a genus of about 300 species including some swallowworts, belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The taxon name comes from Greek ''kynos'' (meaning "dog") and ''anchein'' ("to choke"), hence the common name for several species is ...
'' *'' Carissa macrocarpa'' *''
Microloma sagittatum ''Microloma sagittatum'', the bokhoring, is a species of plant in the family Apocynaceae, that is native to the south-western Cape, South Africa. Description Like other ''Microloma'' species, this is a thin climbing plant. However this species ...
'' *''
Gomphocarpus physocarpus ''Gomphocarpus physocarpus'', commonly known as hairy balls, balloonplant, balloon cotton-bush, bishop's balls, nailhead, or swan plant, is a species of dogbane. The plant is native to southeast Africa, but it has been widely naturalized. It is ...
'' *''
Eustegia filiformis ''Eustegia'' is a genus of vines in the family Apocynaceae Apocynaceae (from ''Apocynum'', Greek for "dog-away") is a family of flowering plants that includes trees, shrubs, herbs, stem succulents, and vines, commonly known as the dogbane ...
'' ; Aponogetonaceae *'' Aponogeton angustifolius'' *''
Aponogeton distachyos Aponogeton distachyos or ''Aponogeton distachyum'', also known as waterblommetjie (''lit. trans.'' water-floret), Cape-pondweed, water hawthorn, vleikos and Cape pond weed is an aquatic flowering plant. Origin Native to South Africa's Western C ...
'' ; Araceae *'' Zantedeschia aethiopica'' ;
Asparagaceae Asparagaceae, known as the asparagus family, is a family of flowering plants, placed in the order Asparagales of the monocots. The family name is based on the edible garden asparagus, ''Asparagus officinalis''. Those who live in the temperate c ...
*''
Asparagus capensis ''Asparagus capensis'', also called katdoring (from the Afrikaans language, Afrikaans for 'cat-thorn') is a dense, thorny, shrub of the ''Asparagus (genus), Asparagus'' genus, that is indigenous to South Africa and Namibia. Description This spe ...
'' *''
Asparagus lignosus ''Asparagus lignosus'' ("Katdoring") is a thorny, spindly creeper of the '' Asparagus'' genus, that is indigenous to the Western Cape Province of South Africa. Description A rigid, upright shrub reaching 80 cm in height. The branches are ...
'' *'' Asparagus rubicundus'' *'' Asparagus asparagoides'' ; Asphodelaceae: *'' Aloe sp.1'' *'' Trachyandra filiformis'' *'' Trachyandra ciliata'' *'' Trachyandra divaricata'' *''
Bulbine lagopus ''Bulbine'' is a genus of plants in the family Asphodelaceae and subfamily Asphodeloideae, named for the bulb-shaped tuber of many species. It was formerly placed in the Liliaceae. It is found chiefly in Southern Africa, with a few species exte ...
'' *'' Trachyandra brachypoda'' *''
Trachyandra muricata ''Trachyandra'' is a genus of plant in the family Asphodelaceae, subfamily Asphodeloideae,Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards)"Asphodeloideae" ''Angiosperm Phylogeny Website'', retrieved 2016-06-10 first described as a genus in 1843. It is native to ...
'' *''
Trachyandra revoluta ''Trachyandra'' is a genus of plant in the family Asphodelaceae, subfamily Asphodeloideae,Stevens, P.F. (2001 onwards)"Asphodeloideae" ''Angiosperm Phylogeny Website'', retrieved 2016-06-10 first described as a genus in 1843. It is native to ...
'' ; Asteraceae: *'' Athanasia crithmifolia'' *''
Chrysanthemoides incana ''Chrysanthemoides'' is one of eight genera of the Calenduleae, with a centre of diversity in South Africa. The genus contains only two species, but is known for the invasive "Bitou Bush" '' Chrysanthemoides monilifera''. Studies of this genus h ...
'' *''
Dimorphotheca pluvialis ''Dimorphotheca pluvialis,'' common names white African daisy, Cape marigold, weather prophet, Cape rain-daisy, ox-eye daisy, Cape daisy or rain daisy, is a plant species native to South Africa and Namibia. It is sparingly naturalized in scattere ...
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Senecio burchellii ''Senecio'' is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family ( Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels. Variously circumscribed taxonomically, the genus ''Senecio'' is one of the largest genera of flowering plants. Description Mo ...
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Amellus asteroides ''Amellus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1759. ''Amellus'' is native to southern Africa (South Africa, Namibia, Botswana Botswana (, ), officially the Republic of Botswana ( ...
'' *''
Amellus tenuifolius ''Amellus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1759. ''Amellus'' is native to southern Africa (South Africa, Namibia, Botswana Botswana (, ), officially the Republic of Botswana ( ...
'' *'' Arctotheca calendula'' *''
Arctotheca populifolia ''Arctotheca populifolia'' is a species of flowering plant in the asteraceae, aster family known by the common names beach daisy,Arctotis hirsuta'' *'' Arctotis stoechadifolia'' *''
Athanasia dentata ''Athanasia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family. ; Species ''Athanasia'' is native to southern Africa. The name is derived from the Greek Greek may refer to: Greece Anything of, from, or related to Greece, a country in South ...
'' *'' Athanasia trifurcata'' *'' Berkheya rigida'' *''
Chrysanthemoides monilifera ''Osteospermum moniliferum'' ''(Chrysanthemoides monilifera)'' is an evergreen flowering shrub or small tree of the Asteraceae (daisy) family that is native to South Africa, such as the Cape Flats Dune Strandveld habitat. Most subspecies have woo ...
'' ( bitoubos) *'' Cineraria geifolia'' *'' Cotula coronopifolia'' *'' Cotula eckloniana'' *'' Cotula filifolia'' *'' Cotula turbinata'' *''
Dicerothamnus rhinocerotis ''Elytropappus rhinocerotis'' (commonly known as renosterbos or "rhinoceros bush") is a species of flowering plants in the daisy family, Asteraceae, endemic to South Africa. It is a very obvious component of the unique Renosterveld Vegetation Typ ...
'' *'' Didelta carnosa'' *''
Eriocephalus africanus ''Eriocephalus africanus'' is a bushy shrublet indigenous to South Africa. It has a wide distribution in the Western and Eastern Cape, and in Namaqualand. The plant has several common names in various languages. It is known as the Kapokbossie ...
'' *'' Eriocephalus racemosus'' *''
Felicia tenella ''Felicia tenella'' is an annual, sometimes biennial, herbaceous plant that may be slightly woody at its base, of tall, that is assigned to the family Asteraceae. The species is very variable in size and hairiness. Its branches may be erect or ...
'' *'' Helichrysum niveum'' *'' Helichrysum patulum'' *''
Helichrysum revolutum The genus ''Helichrysum'' consists of an estimated 600 species of flowering plants in the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). The type species is ''Helichrysum orientale''. They often go by the names everlasting, immortelle, and strawflower. The ...
'' *''
Leysera gnaphalodes ''Leysera'' is a genus of African flowering plants in the tribe Gnaphalieae within the family Asteraceae.Metalasia muricata ''Metalasia muricata'', commonly known as white bristle bush or blombos, is a hardy virgate or twiggy shrub with honey-scented flowers usually 2–4 m tall, woody with a rounded crown, and an important component of the coastal and mountain fynbos ...
'' *''
Nidorella foetida ''Nidorella'' is a genus of African flowering plants in the tribe Astereae within the family Asteraceae The family Asteraceae, alternatively Compositae, consists of over 32,000 known species of flowering plants in over 1,900 genera within t ...
'' *'' Oncosiphon suffruticosum'' *'' Osteospermum junceum'' *''
Othonna coronopifolia ''Othonna'' is a genus of approximately 90 species of succulent or subsucculent perennial herbs or shrubs, with its center of diversity in the Greater Cape Floristic Region (GCFR) of South Africa but some species' ranges include southern Namibia, ...
'' *'' Plecostachys serpyllifolia'' *''
Senecio elegans ''Senecio elegans'' is a species of flowering plant in the aster family known by the common names redpurple ragwort, purple groundsel, wild cineraria and purple ragwort. Description It is an annual herb producing a single, erect, branching ste ...
'' *''
Senecio halimifolius ''Senecio'' is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family (Asteraceae) that includes ragworts and groundsels. Variously circumscribed taxonomically, the genus ''Senecio'' is one of the largest genera of flowering plants. Description Morp ...
'' *'' Senecio littoreus'' *'' Senecio rosmarinifolius'' *''
Seriphium plumosum ''Stoebe'' is a genus of African plants in the tribe Gnaphalieae within the family Asteraceae. ; Species ; formerly included A few dozen species now regarded as members of other genera: ''Dicerothamnus Dolichothrix Disparago Gongyloglossa ...
'' *'' Steirodiscus tagetes'' *'' Xanthium strumarium'' *'' Helichrysum cymosum'' *''
Hypochaeris radicata ''Hypochaeris radicata'' (sometimes spelled ''Hypochoeris radicata'') – also known as catsear, flatweed, cat's-ear, hairy cat's ear, or false dandelion – is a perennial, low-lying edible herb often found in lawns. The plant is native to Eu ...
'' *''
Lactuca serriola ''Lactuca serriola'', also called prickly lettuce, milk thistle (not to be confused with ''Silybum marianum'', also called milk thistle), compass plant, and scarole, is an annual or biennial plant in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asterac ...
'' *'' Sonchus oleraceus'' *'' Cotula vulgaris'' *''
Dimorphotheca sinuata ''Dimorphotheca sinuata'', the glandular Cape marigold, Namaqualand daisy, or orange Namaqualand daisy; syn. ''Dimorphotheca aurantiaca'' hort.) is a species of plants native to southern Africa. It is also widely cultivated as an ornamental and ...
'' *'' Helichrysum helianthemifolium'' *'' Othonna filicaulis'' *'' Petalacte coronata'' *'' Senecio arenarius'' *'' Senecio hastatus'' *'' Senecio pubigerus'' *'' Stoebe capitata'' *'' Trichogyne repens'' ; Brassicaceae: *'' Heliophila africana'' *'' Raphanus raphanistrum'' ( wild mustard) ; Campanulaceae: *''
Wahlenbergia capensis ''Wahlenbergia capensis'', commonly known as the Cape bluebell, is a plant in the family ''Campanulaceae'' and is native to the Cape Province but has been introduced to Australia. It is an annual herb with up to four greenish blue, bell-shaped f ...
'' *'' Wahlenbergia androsacea'' ; Caryophyllaceae: *'' Silene pilosellifolia'' *''
Spergularia media ''Spergularia media'' (syn. ''S. maritima'') is a species of flowering plant in the family Caryophyllaceae known by the common names media sandspurry and greater sea-spurrey. It is native to Eurasia and the Mediterranean, where it grows in many t ...
'' ; Celastraceae: *'' Pterocelastrus tricuspidatus'' *'' Putterlickia pyracantha'' *''
Gymnosporia heterophylla ''Gymnosporia heterophylla'', the common spike-thorn, is a small, hardy, deciduous African tree up to 5m tall, occurring in rocky places with a wide distribution from Ethiopia, the Sudan and the Congo, south to the Cape Province and west to Ango ...
'' ; Ceratophyllaceae: *'' Ceratophyllum demersum'' ; Colchicaceae: *'' Androcymbium eucomoides'' *''
Ornithoglossum viride ''Ornithoglossum'' is a genus of plants native to southern Africa, some of which are widely cultivated as ornamentals. Nine species are currently recognized, as of April 2014:Salisbury, Richard Anthony. 1806. Paradisus Londonensis : or Coloured ...
'' *'' Androcymbium capense'' ; Convolvulaceae: *'' Cuscuta nitida'' *''
Falkia repens ''Falkia'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Convolvulaceae, native to southern Africa, eastern Africa, and the Arabian Peninsula. They are creeping perennial herbs. Species Currently accepted species include: *''Falkia canescens'' ...
'' *'' Ipomoea purpurea'' ; Crassulaceae: *''
Cotyledon orbiculata ''Cotyledon orbiculata'', commonly known as pig's ear or round-leafed navel-wort, is a South African succulent plant belonging to the genus ''Cotyledon''. Description ''Cotyledon orbiculata'' is an extremely variable species, one that grows to a ...
'' *'' Tylecodon grandiflorus'' *'' Crassula cymosa'' *''
Crassula dichotoma ''Crassula dichotoma'' is a species of succulent plant in the genus ''Crassula''. It is endemic to the Fynbos region from Namaqualand to Cape Agulhas, Agulhas. References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q12234718 Crassula, dichotoma Flora of South Afr ...
'' *''
Crassula glomerata ''Crassula glomerata'' is a herb in the family Crassulaceae. The succulent annual herb has an erect habit and typically grows to a height of . It blooms between August and November producing white-red flowers. It has become naturalised in Weste ...
'' *'' Crassula vaillantii'' *'' Crassula fallax'' *'' Crassula flava'' ; Cucurbitaceae: *''
Kedrostis nana ''Kedrostis'' is a genus of ± 35 species climbing or trailing herbs in the family Cucurbitaceae. Its native range is tropical Africa and Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considere ...
'' ;
Cyperaceae The Cyperaceae are a family of graminoid (grass-like), monocotyledonous flowering plants known as sedges. The family is large, with some 5,500 known species described in about 90 genera, the largest being the "true sedges" genus ''Carex'' w ...
: *''
Bolboschoenus maritimus ''Bolboschoenus maritimus'' is a species of flowering plant from family Cyperaceae. Common names for this species include sea clubrush, cosmopolitan bulrush, alkali bulrush, saltmarsh bulrush, and bayonet grass. It is found in seaside wetland ha ...
'' *''
Schoenoplectus scirpoides ''Schoenoplectus'' (club-rush ld World species bulrush or tule ew World species is a genus of plants in the sedges with a cosmopolitan distribution. Note that the name bulrush is also applied to species in the unrelated genus ''Typha'' as well ...
'' *'' Carex sp.1'' *''
Cyperus textilis ''Cyperus textilis'' (flat sedge, basket grass, umbrella sedge, mat sedge) is a sedge in the family Cyperaceae. It is endemic to southern parts of South Africa where it grows near rivers and other water reservoirs. ''Cyperus textilis'' is used t ...
'' *'' Ficinia indica'' *'' Ficinia nigrescens'' *''
Ficinia nodosa ''Ficinia nodosa'', the knotted club-rush or knobby club-rush, is a Rhizome, rhizomatous Perennial plant, perennial in the family Cyperaceae, native to South Africa, Australia, and New Zealand. Widespread in the Southern Hemisphere, ''Ficinia no ...
'' *'' Hellmuthia membranacea'' ;
Ebenaceae The Ebenaceae are a family of flowering plants belonging to order Ericales. The family includes ebony and persimmon among about 768 species of trees and shrubs. It is distributed across the tropical and warmer temperate regions of the world. It ...
: *'' Euclea racemosa'' *'' Euclea undulata'' ; Ericaceae: *'' Erica subdivaricata'' ; Euphorbiaceae: *'' Euphorbia burmannii'' *''
Euphorbia caput-medusae ''Euphorbia caput-medusae'' ("Medusa's Head") is a plant of the genus ''Euphorbia'' that occurs in and around Cape Town, South Africa. Description This succulent resembles the head of Medusa, with many serpent-like stems arising from a short, ce ...
'' *'' Euphorbia mauritanica'' *'' Euphorbia peplus'' *'' Euphorbia helioscopia'' *'' Euphorbia sp.1'' ;
Fabaceae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...
: *'' Aspalathus hispida'' *''
Dipogon lignosus ''Dipogon lignosus'', the okie bean, Cape sweet-pea, dolichos pea or mile-a-minute vine, is a species of flowering plant in the legume family, Fabaceae. It is the only species classified in the monotypic genus ''Dipogon'' which belongs to the su ...
'' *''
Indigofera complicata ''Indigofera'' is a large genus of over 750 species of flowering plants belonging to the pea family Fabaceae. They are widely distributed throughout the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Description Species of ''Indigofera'' are mos ...
'' *'' Lessertia rigida'' *'' Lessertia sp.1'' *''
Psoralea repens ''Psoralea'' is a genus in the legume family (Fabaceae) with over 60 closely related species native to southern Africa. In South Africa they are commonly referred to as fountainbush (English); fonteinbos, bloukeur, or penwortel (Afrikaans); and u ...
'' *''
Rhynchosia ferulifolia ''Rhynchosia'', also known as snoutbean, is a genus of plants in the family Fabaceae. There are several different complexes within the genus, including the ''Senna'' complex.Turner,B.L., http://www.biosci.utexas.edu/prc/pdfs/Turner-Lundellia14. ...
'' *''
Senna didymobotrya ''Senna didymobotrya'' is a species of flowering plant in the legume family known by the common names African senna, popcorn senna, candelabra tree, and peanut butter cassia. It is native to Africa, where it can be found across the continent in ...
'' *''
Medicago polymorpha ''Medicago polymorpha'' is a plant species of the genus ''Medicago''. It is native to the Mediterranean basin but is found throughout the world. It forms a symbiotic relationship with the bacterium ''Sinorhizobium medicae'', which is capable of n ...
'' *''
Otholobium hirtum ''Otholobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family with over 50 named species, but several also remain undescribed sofar. Species may be herbaceous perennials, subshrubs, shrubs or small trees. The alternately set leaves are accompa ...
'' *'' Spartium junceum'' *''
Sutherlandia frutescens ''Sutherlandia frutescens'' (cancer bush, balloon pea, sutherlandia, phetola ("it changes") in seTswana, and insiswa ("the one that drives away the darkness") in isiZulu; syn. ''Colutea frutescens'' L., ''Lessertia frutescens'' (L.) Goldblatt & ...
'' *''
Aspalathus acanthophylla ''Aspalathus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. The yellow flowers and spiny habit of some species have suggested a resemblance to '' Ulex europaeus'', the thorny " English gorse" Accordingly, "Cape Gorse" has been proposed ...
'' *''
Aspalathus cymbiformis ''Aspalathus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. The yellow flowers and spiny habit of some species have suggested a resemblance to ''Ulex europaeus'', the thorny " English gorse" Accordingly, "Cape Gorse" has been proposed ...
'' *''
Aspalathus ternata ''Aspalathus'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. The yellow flowers and spiny habit of some species have suggested a resemblance to ''Ulex europaeus'', the thorny " English gorse" Accordingly, "Cape Gorse" has been proposed ...
'' *''
Otholobium virgatum ''Otholobium'' is a genus of flowering plants in the pea family with over 50 named species, but several also remain undescribed sofar. Species may be herbaceous perennials, subshrubs, shrubs or small trees. The alternately set leaves are accompa ...
'' ;
Frankeniaceae ''Frankenia'' (sea heath) is the only genus in the Frankeniaceae family of flowering plants. Other genera have been recognized within the family, such as ''Anthobryum'', ''Hypericopsis'' and ''Niederleinia'', but molecular phylogenetic studies ...
: *''
Frankenia pulverulenta ''Frankenia pulverulenta'', the European seaheath, is a species of annual herb in the family Frankenia ''Frankenia'' (sea heath) is the only genus in the Frankeniaceae family of flowering plants. Other genera have been recognized within the f ...
'' ; Fumariaceae: *''
Cysticapnos vesicaria ''Cysticapnos'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Papaveraceae. Its native range is Southern Africa. Species: *''Cysticapnos cracca'' *''Cysticapnos pruinosa ''Cysticapnos'' is a genus of flowering plants belonging to ...
'' *''
Fumaria muralis ''Fumaria muralis'', known as common ramping-fumitory or wall fumitory, is a flowering herbaceous plant in the poppy family (Papaveraceae) native to western Europe and northwestern Africa. Description ''Fumaria muralis'' is a delicate annual pl ...
'' ; Gentianaceae: *''
Orphium frutescens ''Orphium'' is a plant genus in the Gentian family (Gentianaceae), endemic to South Africa. The name derives from the legendary Greek musician Orpheus.Chittenden, Fred J. Ed., Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening, Oxford 1951 The ...
'' *''
Sebaea aurea ''Sebaea'' is a genus of annual plants in the family Gentianaceae. Species occur in Africa, Madagascar, India, China, Thailand, Australia and New Zealand. The genus was paraphyletic and has been split in four genera: ''Exochaenium'', ''Klackenber ...
'' *'' Sebaea albens'' ; Geraniaceae: *''
Pelargonium gibbosum ''Pelargonium'' () is a genus of flowering plants that includes about 280 species of perennials, succulents, and shrubs, commonly called geraniums, pelargoniums, or storksbills. ''Geranium'' is also the botanical name and common name of a se ...
'' *''
Erodium moschatum ''Erodium moschatum'' is a species of flowering plant in the Geraniaceae, geranium family known by the common names musk stork's-bill and whitestem filaree. This is a weedy annual or biennial herb which is native to much of Eurasia and North Afri ...
'' *''
Geranium incanum ''Geranium'' is a genus of 422 species of annual, biennial, and perennial plants that are commonly known as geraniums or cranesbills. They are found throughout the temperate regions of the world and the mountains of the tropics, but mos ...
'' *''
Pelargonium capitatum ''Pelargonium capitatum'' is one of several species (including ''Pelargonium graveolens'') known as rose geranium or rose-scented pelargonium in English. The popular names refer to the scent of the essential oils extracted from glandular tissue, ...
'' *'' Pelargonium cucullatum'' *'' Pelargonium senecioides'' *''
Geranium molle Geranium molle, the dove's-foot crane's-bill or dovesfoot geranium, is an annual herbaceous plant of the family Geraniaceae. Description ''Geranium molle'' is a small plant reaching on average in height.Pignatti S. - Flora d'Italia – Edagri ...
'' *'' Pelargonium hirtum'' *'' Pelargonium myrrhifolium'' *'' Pelargonium triste'' ; Haemodoraceae: *''
Wachendorfia paniculata ''Wachendorfia paniculata'' is a species of plant of high, that emerges during the winter from an underground rootstock. It has entire, sword-shaped, mostly hairy, line- to lance-shaped, straight or sickle-shaped leaves, set in a fan at ground l ...
'' ;
Hyacinthaceae Scilloideae (named after the genus ''Scilla'', "squill") is a subfamily of bulbous plants within the family ''Asparagaceae''. Scilloideae is sometimes treated as a separate family Hyacinthaceae, named after the genus '' Hyacinthus''. Scilloideae o ...
: *'' Albuca maxima'' *'' Ornithogalum flaccida'' (
albuca flaccida ''Albuca'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae. The genus is distributed mainly in southern and eastern Africa, with some species occurring in northern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Plants of t ...
) *''
Lachenalia pallida ''Lachenalia'' is a genus of bulbous perennial plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae, which are usually found in Namibia and South Africa. Most of them have a dormancy period, but new roots will always grow every year. '' ...
'' *'' Ornithogalum hispidum'' *''
Ornithogalum thyrsoides ''Ornithogalum thyrsoides'' is a bulbous plant species that is endemic to the Cape Province in South Africa. It is also known by the common names of chinkerinchee or chincherinchee, star-of-Bethlehem or wonder-flower. It produces long-lasting fl ...
'' *''
Albuca fragrans ''Albuca'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae. The genus is distributed mainly in southern and eastern Africa, with some species occurring in northern Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Plants of t ...
'' *''
Drimia filifolia ''Drimia'' is a genus of flowering plants. In the APG IV system, APG IV classification system, it is placed in the family (biology), family Asparagaceae, subfamily Scilloideae (formerly the family Hyacinthaceae). When broadly Circumscription (tax ...
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Lachenalia contaminata ''Lachenalia contaminata'' (wild hyacinth) is a species of flowering plant in the family Asparagaceae, native to the Western Cape of South Africa. It is a bulbous perennial growing to tall, with grass-like leaves and fleshy stems bearing br ...
'' *''
Lachenalia reflexa ''Lachenalia reflexa'' (commonly known as yellow soldier) is species of the genus Lachenalia endemic to lowland areas near Cape Town, South Africa. South African threatened species Natural distribution The species is rare and declining ...
'' ; Hypoxidaceae: *'' Spiloxene aquatica'' *'' Spiloxene capensis'' ; Iridaceae: *'' Babiana ambigua'' *'' Babiana ringens'' *''
Babiana tubulosa ''Babiana'' ()''Sunset Western Garden Book'', 1995:606–607 is a genus of geophytes in the family Iridaceae with 93 recognized species . The leaves consist of a stalk and a blade that are at an angle to each other. The leaf blades are entire, la ...
'' *''
Chasmanthe aethiopica ''Chasmanthe'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described in 1932. It is endemic to Cape Province in South Africa. It is widely grown as an ornamental and naturalized in various locations. In their native habitat the ...
'' ( suurkanol) *'' Ferraria crispa'' *'' Ferraria crispa'' *''
Ferraria divaricata ''Ferraria'' is a genus of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, native to tropical and southern Africa. They are herbaceous corm-bearing plants growing to 30–45 cm tall. Some species have an unpleasant scent similar t ...
'' *'' Gladiolus cunonius'' *''
Gladiolus griseus ''Gladiolus'' (from Latin, the diminutive of ''gladius'', a sword) is a genus of perennial cormous flowering plants in the iris family (Iridaceae). It is sometimes called the 'sword lily', but is usually called by its generic name (plural ''g ...
'' *'' Gladiolus undulatus'' *'' Lapeirousia anceps'' *'' Melasphaerula ramosa'' *'' Micranthus junceus'' *''
Moraea flaccida ''Moraea flaccida'' commonly known as the one-leaf Cape tulip, is a bulb native to South Africa, including in Fynbos Fynbos (; meaning fine plants) is a small belt of natural shrubland or heathland vegetation located in the Western Cape a ...
'' *''
Moraea fugax ''Moraea'', the Cape tulips, is a genus of plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1758. The group is widespread across Africa, the Mediterranean, and central and southwestern Asia. The genus name is a tribute to the English ...
'' *''
Moraea miniata ''Moraea miniata'' is a plant species in the family Iridaceae Iridaceae is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the irises, meaning rainbow, referring to its many colours. There are 66 accepted genera with a total of ...
'' *''
Moraea setifolia ''Moraea setifolia'' is a plant species in the family Iridaceae. References setifolia {{Iridaceae-stub ...
'' *'' Romulea flava'' *''
Romulea obscura ''Romulea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1772. It is distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, the Arabian Peninsula, and Africa.Romulea tabularis ''Romulea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1772. It is distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, the Arabian Peninsula, and Africa.Sparaxis bulbifera ''Sparaxis bulbifera'', commonly known as harlequin flower, is a bulb-forming perennial plant. The species is native to Cape Province in South Africa and naturalised in the Azores ) , motto =( en, "Rather die free than subjected in peace") , ...
'' *''
Gladiolus carinatus ''Gladiolus carinatus'', commonly as the blue Afrikaner, is a perennial plant belonging to the genus Gladiolus and is part of the fynbos. The plant is native to the Western Cape. Gallery Gladiolus carinatus 1DS-II 3-8961.jpg Gladiolus carinat ...
'' ( blou Afrikaner) *'' Aristea africana'' *''
Geissorhiza aspera ''Geissorhiza aspera'', also known as the blue satin flower or blou sysie, is a geophyte from South Africa. Description This velvety-stemmed geophyte grows tall. Plants may, however, be larger or smaller than the typical range. Both the soil ...
'' *'' Geissorhiza tenella'' *''
Ixia paniculata ''Ixia paniculata'' is a plant species in the family Iridaceae Iridaceae is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the irises, meaning rainbow, referring to its many colours. There are 66 accepted genera with a total o ...
'' *''
Moraea gawleri ''Moraea gawleri'' is a species of plant in the family Iridaceae Iridaceae is a family of plants in order Asparagales, taking its name from the irises, meaning rainbow, referring to its many colours. There are 66 accepted genera with a total ...
'' *''
Romulea hirsuta ''Romulea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1772. It is distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, the Arabian Peninsula, and Africa.Romulea schlechteri ''Romulea'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Iridaceae, first described as a genus in 1772. It is distributed in Europe, the Mediterranean, the Arabian Peninsula, and Africa.Watsonia meriana'' ; Juncaceae: *''
Juncus kraussii ''Juncus kraussii'' commonly known as salt marsh rush, sea rush, jointed rush, matting rush or dune slack rush, is of the monocot family Juncaceae and genus Juncus. It grows in salt marshes, estuarine and coastal areas. This species is ideal a ...
'' *''
Juncus kraussii ''Juncus kraussii'' commonly known as salt marsh rush, sea rush, jointed rush, matting rush or dune slack rush, is of the monocot family Juncaceae and genus Juncus. It grows in salt marshes, estuarine and coastal areas. This species is ideal a ...
'' ; Juncaginaceae: *''
Triglochin bulbosa ''Triglochin bulbosa'' is a species of perennial herb in the family Juncaginaceae Juncaginaceae is a Family (biology), family of flowering plants, recognized by most taxonomists for the past few decades. It is also known as the ''arrowgrass'' ...
'' ;
Lamiaceae The Lamiaceae ( ) or Labiatae are a family of flowering plants commonly known as the mint, deadnettle or sage family. Many of the plants are aromatic in all parts and include widely used culinary herbs like basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savory ...
: *''
Salvia lanceolata ''Salvia lanceolata'' (lanceleaf sage) is a perennial shrub native to a small area of coast on the Cape of Good Hope in South Africa. It is typically found growing in sandy ground at sea level, and on dry hills and flat ground up to 1000 feet el ...
'' *''
Salvia africana-lutea ''Salvia africana-lutea'' (beach salvia, dune salvia, golden salvia, bruin- of sandsalie, geelblomsalie) is a shrubby evergreen perennial native to South Africa. Description It has numerous woody stems growing to more than in height and widt ...
'' ;
Lauraceae Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide (Christenhusz & Byng 2016 ). They are dicotyledons, and occur ma ...
: *'' Cassytha ciliolata'' ;
Lemnaceae Lemnoideae is a subfamily of flowering aquatic plants, known as duckweeds, water lentils, or water lenses. They float on or just beneath the surface of still or slow-moving bodies of fresh water and wetlands. Also known as bayroot, they arose fr ...
: *'' Lemna gibba'' *'' Lemna minor'' ; Lobeliaceae: *'' Lobelia'' sp.1 *''
Monopsis lutea Monopsis is a genus of small, '' Lobelia''-like herbaceous plants indigenous to Africa. A few species are annuals, but most are perennials. Common names are not well established, but often refer to more familiar plants, as in "wild violet" fo ...
'' *''
Monopsis simplex Monopsis is a genus of small, '' Lobelia''-like herbaceous plants indigenous to Africa. A few species are annuals, but most are perennials. Common names are not well established, but often refer to more familiar plants, as in "wild violet" fo ...
'' ; Malvaceae: *'' Hermannia multiflora'' *'' Hermannia pinnata'' *'' Hermannia procumbens'' *''
Malva parviflora ''Malva parviflora'' is an annual or perennial herb that is native to Northern Africa, Europe and Asia Asia (, ) is one of the world's most notable geographical regions, which is either considered a continent in its own right or a subco ...
'' *'' Hermannia linifolia'' *'' Hermannia procumbens procumbens'' ; Melianthaceae: *''
Melianthus major ''Melianthus major'', the giant honey flower or ''kruidjie-roer-my-nie'' (Afrikaans for 'herb-touch-me-not'), is a species of flowering plant in the family Francoaceae. It is an evergreen suckering shrub, endemic to South Africa and naturalised ...
'' ; Menispermaceae: *''
Cissampelos capensis ''Cissampelos'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Menispermaceae. Various species of this genus have a history of use in various traditions of herbal medicine. Moreover, many of these plants were used as curare applied as arrow poison ...
'' ;
Mesembryanthemaceae The Aizoaceae, or fig-marigold family, is a large Family (biology), family of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genus, genera and about 1800 species. They are commonly known as ice plants or carpet weeds. They are often called vygies ...
*'' Carpobrotus edulis'' *'' Ruschia macowanii'' *'' Ruschia serrulata'' *'' Ruschia tumidula'' *''
Carpobrotus acinaciformis ''Carpobrotus acinaciformis'' (commonly known as Elands sourfig, Elandssuurvy or Sally-my-handsome) is a succulent perennial of the family Aizoaceae, native to South Africa. Description All species of ''Carpobrotus'' ("sour fig") form sprawling ...
'' *''
Conicosia pugioniformis ''Conicosia pugioniformis'' is a species of succulent plant in the ice plant family known by the common names narrow-leaved iceplant and pigroot. It is native to South Africa and it is known on other continents as an introduced species and somet ...
'' *''
Drosanthemum floribundum ''Drosanthemum floribundum'', commonly known as rodondo creeper, pale dewplant, or dew-flower, is a succulent plant in the ice plant family, Aizoaceae. The species is native to the Eastern Cape The Eastern Cape is one of the provinces of So ...
'' *'' Lampranthus aureus'' *'' Lampranthus multiradiatus'' *'' Lampranthus sociorum'' *'' Mesembryanthemum crystallinum'' *''
Disphyma crassifolium ''Disphyma crassifolium'', commonly known as round-leaved pigface, is a species of flowering plant in the family Aizoaceae and is native to Australia and the Cape Provinces of South Africa. It is a Prostrate shrub, prostrate, succulent plant, suc ...
'' *''
Carpanthea pomeridiana ''Carpanthea pomeridiana'', the afternoon carpanthea, is a species of flowering plant in the genus ''Carpanthea'', native to the western Cape Provinces of South Africa, and introduced to New South Wales, Australia. It has gained the Royal Horticu ...
'' *'' Lampranthus amoenus'' *'' Lampranthus calcaratus'' *'' Lampranthus explanatus'' *'' Lampranthus glaucus'' *'' Lampranthus reptans'' *'' Lampranthus stenus'' *'' Phyllobolus canaliculatus'' *'' Ruschia geminiflora'' ; Molluginaceae: *''
Pharnaceum lineare ''Pharnaceum'' is a genus of flowering plants in the family Molluginaceae The Molluginaceae are a family of flowering plants recognized by several taxonomists. It was previously included in the larger family Aizoaceae. The APG III system of 2 ...
'' ;
Myoporaceae Myoporaceae was a family of plants, found mostly in Australia, which included the following genera: * '' Diocirea'' * '' Eremophila'', also known as emu bush * ''Myoporum'', also known as Boobiala In the APG II system (continued in the APG III ...
: *''
Myoporum tetrandrum ''Myoporum tetrandrum'', commonly known as slender myoporum or boobialla is a plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae. It is an erect and spreading shrub endemic to the south-west of Western Australia, common in moist areas and like most o ...
'' ; Myricaceae: *'' Morella cordifolia'' *'' Morella quercifolia'' ;
Neuradaceae The Neuradaceae are a family of flowering plant, comprising three genera — ''Grielum'', '' Neurada'' and '' Neuradopsis'' — totalling ten known species. These genera were formerly placed in order Rosales, and in one case even in family Rosa ...
: *'' Grielum grandiflorum'' ; Oleaceae: *'' Olea capensis'' *'' Olea europaea africana'' ; Onagraceae: *'' Ludwigia adscendens diffusa'' ; Orchidaceae: *''
Corycium crispum ''Corycium'' is a genus of terrestrial orchids comprising some 14 species in Eastern and Southern Africa including 10 species native to the fynbos. In South Africa they are called monkshood orchids. Their resting stage is a tuber and when gro ...
'' *''
Corycium orobanchoides ''Corycium'' is a genus of terrestrial orchids comprising some 14 species in Eastern and Southern Africa including 10 species native to the fynbos. In South Africa they are called monkshood orchids. Their resting stage is a tuber and when gro ...
'' *'' Satyrium odorum'' *''
Satyrium bicorne ''Satyrium bicorne'' is a species of orchid endemic to southwestern Cape Province. It is the type species of the genus '' Satyrium''. References bicorne The bicorne or bicorn (two-cornered) is a historical form of hat widely adopte ...
'' *''
Acrolophia bolusii ''Acrolophia'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. The genus contains 7 known species, all endemic to South Africa. # '' Acrolophia bolusii'' # '' Acrolophia capensis'' # '' Acrolophia cochlearis'' # ''Acrol ...
'' *'' Disa bracteata'' *'' Holothrix villosa'' *''
Pterygodium catholicum ''Pterygodium'' is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. It found primarily in southern Africa (South Africa, Lesotho, Eswatini) but one species is endemic to Tanzania.Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmusse ...
'' *''
Satyrium coriifolium ''Satyrium coriifolium'' is a species of orchid endemic to the Cape Provinces. It is commonly known as the orange satyre or Ewwa-trewwa in Afrikaans. Description ''Satyrium coriifolium'' is brightly coloured, with yellow or orange-red flowers. ...
'' ; Orobanchaceae: *''
Harveya squamosa ''Harveya'' may refer to: * ''Harveya'' (plant), a saprophyte genus * ''Harveya'' (moth), a moth genus {{Genus disambiguation ...
'' ;
Oxalidaceae The Oxalidaceae, or wood sorrel family, are a small family of five genera of herbaceous plants, shrubs and small trees, with the great majority of the 570 species in the genus ''Oxalis'' (wood sorrels). Members of this family typically have divid ...
: *''Oxalis compressa'' *''Oxalis hirta'' *''Oxalis luteola'' *''Oxalis obtusa'' *''Oxalis pes-caprae'' *''Oxalis purpurea'' *''Oxalis pusilla'' ;Plantaginaceae: *''Plantago coronopus'' *''Plantago crassifolia'' *''Plantago lanceolata'' *''Plantago crassifolia'' ;Plumbaginaceae: *''Limonium equisetinum'' *''Limonium scabrum'' ;Poaceae: *''Ehrharta villosa'' *''Ammophila arenaria'' *''Cladoraphis cyperoides'' *''Cynodon dactylon'' (couch grass; kweekgras; kweek) *''Cynosurus echinatus'' *''Ehrharta calycina'' *''Ehrharta longiflora'' *''Lolium multiflorum'' (Italian ryegrass; annual ryegrass) *''Lolium rigidum'' *''Pennisetum macrourum'' *''Phragmites australis'' *''Sporobolus virginicus'' *''Stenotaphrum secundatum'' (buffalo grass) *''Thinopyrum distichum'' *''Bromus diandrus'' (ripgut brome; predikantsluis) *''Paspalum distichum'' ;Polygalaceae: *''Nylandtia spinosa'' (skilpadbessie bos), (tortoise berry bush) *''Polygala myrtifolia'' *''Muraltia satureioides'' ;Polygonaceae *''Persicaria decipiens'' *''Persicaria lapathifolia'' *''Rumex crispus'' *''Rumex lativalvis'' *''Rumex sagittatus'' ;Potamogetonaceae: *''Potamogeton pectinatus'' ;Proteaceae: *''Leucadendron levisanus'' (Cape flats conebush) ;Ranunculaceae: *''Ranunculus rionii'' ;Restionaceae: *''Thamnochortus sp.1'' *''Willdenowia incurvata'' *''Elegia tectorum'' *''Ischyrolepis eleocharis'' *''Thamnochortus spicigerus'' *''Calopsis rigorata'' *''Elegia verreauxii'' *''Thamnochortus erectus'' ;Rhamnaceae: *''Phylica ericoides'' *''Phylica cephalantha'' *''Phylica parviflora'' ;Rosaceae: *''Cliffortia falcata'' *''Cliffortia stricta'' *''Cliffortia ericifolia'' *''Cliffortia hirta'' ;Rubiaceae: *''Anthospermum spathulatum'' *''Galium tomentosum'' ;Ruppiaceae: *''Ruppia maritima'' ;Rutaceae: *''Diosma aspalathoides'' ;Sapotaceae: *''Sideroxylon inerme'' ;Scrophulariaceae: *''Diascia capensis'' *''Hebenstretia cordata'' *''Hebenstretia repens'' *''Hemimeris racemosa'' *''Lyperia lychnidea'' *''Lyperia tristis'' *''Manulea tomentosa'' *''Nemesia versicolor'' *''Phyllopodium cephalophorum'' *''Hemimeris sabulosa'' *''Nemesia affinis'' *''Zaluzianskya villosa'' *''Dischisma capitatum'' *''Hebenstretia dentata'' *''Manulea rubra'' *''Nemesia ligulata'' ;Solanaceae: *''Solanum guineense'' *''Datura ferox'' *''Lycium afrum'' *''Lycium ferocissimum'' *''Lycium horridum'' *''Solanum americanum'' *''Solanum linnaeanum'' ;Sterculiaceae: *'' Hermannia procumbens'' ;Tecophilaeaceae: *''Cyanella hyacinthoides'' ;Thymelaeaceae *''Passerina corymbosa'' *''Passerina ericoides'' *''Passerina rigida'' *''Gnidia spicata'' *''Lachnaea grandiflora'' *''Struthiola striata'' ;Typhaceae: *''Typha capensis'' (bulrush), (papkuil) ;Viscaceae: *''Viscum capense'' ;Zygophyllaceae: *''Zygophyllum flexuosum'' *''Zygophyllum morgsana'' *''Zygophyllum sessilifolium''


Introduced

;Agavaceae: *''Agave sisalana'' (sisal) ; Anacardiaceae: *''Schinus terebinthifolius'' (Brazilian pepper) ; Araceae: *''Pistia stratiotes'' (water lettuce) ; Asteraceae: *''Senecio pterophorus'' ;Azollaceae: *''Azolla filiculoides'' (red water fern) ;Boraginaceae: *''Echium plantagineum'' ;Cactaceae: *''Opuntia ficus-indica'' ;Commelinaceae: *''Commelina benghalensis'' (Blouselblommetjie), (Benghal dayflower) ;
Fabaceae The Fabaceae or Leguminosae,International Code of Nomenc ...
: *''Acacia cyclops'' (Rooikrans) *''Acacia saligna'' (Port Jackson) *''Paraserianthes lophantha'' *''Sesbania punicea'' *''Vicia benghalensis'' *''Vicia sativa'' ;Haloragaceae: *''Myriophyllum aquaticum'' ;Lythraceae: *''Lythrum salicaria'' ; Malvaceae: *''Lavatera arborea'' ;Moraceae: *''Ficus natalensis'' ;
Myoporaceae Myoporaceae was a family of plants, found mostly in Australia, which included the following genera: * '' Diocirea'' * '' Eremophila'', also known as emu bush * ''Myoporum'', also known as Boobiala In the APG II system (continued in the APG III ...
: *''Myoporum, Myoporum tenuifolium'' (manatoka) ;Myrtaceae: *''Eucalyptus grandis'' *''Eucalyptus lehmannii'' *''Eucalyptus gomphocephala'' ;Poaceae: *''Arundo donax'' *''Avena fatua'' (common wild oat) *''Avena sativa'' *''Avena sp.1'' *''Cortaderia selloana'' (pampas grass) *''Lolium perenne'' *''Paspalum vaginatum'' *''Pennisetum clandestinum'' (Kikuyu grass) *''Pennisetum setaceum'' ;Pontederiaceae: *''Eichhornia crassipes'' (water hyacinth)


References

{{Reflist Nature reserves in Cape Town Protected areas of the Western Cape