Sherbrooke ( ; ) is a city in southern

Quebec Quebec ( ; )According to the Government of Canada, Canadian government, ''Québec'' (with the acute accent) is the official name in Canadian French and ''Quebec'' (without the accent) is the province's official name in Canadian English is ...

, Canada. It is at the confluence of the Saint-François and Magog rivers in the heart of the

Estrie Estrie () is an administrative region of Quebec that comprises the Eastern Townships. ''Estrie'', a French neologism, was coined as a derivative of ''est'', "east". Originally settled by anglophones, today it is about 90 per cent francophone. Angl ...

administrative region. Sherbrooke is also the name of a

territory equivalent to a regional county municipality An equivalent territory (french: territoire équivalent), formally known as territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (french: territoires équivalents à une MRC), is a territorial unit used by Statistics Canada and the Institut de l ...

(TE) and

census division Census divisions, in Canada and the United States, are areas delineated for the purposes of statistical analysis and presentation; they have no government in and of themselves. The census divisions of Canada are second-level census geographic uni ...

(CD) of

, coextensive with the city of Sherbrooke. With 172,950 residents at the

Canada 2021 Census The 2021 Canadian census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population with a reference date of May 11, 2021. It follows the 2016 Canadian census, which recorded a population of 35,151,728. The overall response rate was 98%, which is sli ...

, It is the sixth largest city in the province and the 30th largest in Canada. The Sherbrooke

Census Metropolitan Area The census geographic units of Canada are the census subdivisions defined and used by Canada's federal government statistics bureau Statistics Canada to conduct the country's quinquennial census. These areas exist solely for the purposes of st ...

had 227,398 inhabitants, making it the fourth largest metropolitan area in Quebec and 19th in Canada. Sherbrooke is the primary economic, political, cultural and institutional centre of Estrie, and was known as the ''Queen of the

Eastern Townships The Eastern Townships (french: Cantons de l'Est) is an historical administrative region in southeastern Quebec, Canada. It lies between the St. Lawrence Lowlands and the American border, and extends from Granby in the southwest, to Drummondv ...

'' at the beginning of the 20th century. There are eight institutions educating 40,000 students and employing 11,000 people, 3,700 of whom are professors, teachers and researchers. The direct economic impact of these institutions exceeds 1 billion

dollars Dollar is the name of more than 20 Currency, currencies. They include the Australian dollar, Brunei dollar, Canadian dollar, Hong Kong dollar, Jamaican dollar, Liberian dollar, Namibian dollar, New Taiwan dollar, New Zealand dollar, Singapore d ...

. The proportion of university students is 10.32 students per 100 inhabitants, giving Sherbrooke the largest concentration of students in Quebec. Sherbrooke rose as a manufacturing centre in the 1800s, and today the

service sector The tertiary sector of the economy, generally known as the service sector, is the third of the three economic sectors in the three-sector model (also known as the economic cycle). The others are the primary sector ( raw materials) and the sec ...

is prominent. The Sherbrooke region is surrounded by mountains, rivers and lakes. There are several ski hills nearby and various tourist attractions in regional flavour. Mont-Bellevue Park, a large park in the city, is used for

downhill skiing Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the pastime of sliding down snow-covered slopes on skis with fixed-heel bindings, unlike other types of skiing (cross-country, Telemark, or ski jumping), which use skis with free-heel bindings. Whether for ...

Toponymy

The city was named in 1818 for

John Coape Sherbrooke General Sir John Coape Sherbrooke, (29 April 1764 – 14 February 1830) was a British soldier and colonial administrator. After serving in the British army in Nova Scotia, the Netherlands, India, the Mediterranean (including Sicily), and Spa ...

, a former

Governor General of Canada The governor general of Canada (french: gouverneure générale du Canada) is the federal viceregal representative of the . The is head of state of Canada and the 14 other Commonwealth realms, but resides in oldest and most populous realm, ...

History

First Nations First Nations or first peoples may refer to: * Indigenous peoples, for ethnic groups who are the earliest known inhabitants of an area. Indigenous groups *First Nations is commonly used to describe some Indigenous groups including: ** First Nat ...

settled the region 8,000-3,000 years ago.Kesteman, Jean-Pierre, ''Histoire de Sherbrooke Take I: l'âge de l'eau à l'ère of vapeur (1802-1866)'', ed. GGC, 2000, p.14 353. The

Abenaki The Abenaki ( Abenaki: ''Wαpánahki'') are an Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands of Canada and the United States. They are an Algonquian-speaking people and part of the Wabanaki Confederacy. The Eastern Abenaki language was pre ...

called it ''Ktinékétolékouac/Kchi Nikitawtegwak'' (The Large Forks), or ''Shacewanteku'' (where one smokes). The first settler was the farmer Jean-Baptiste Nolain, in 1779. The area was first surveyed in 1792. Americans from Vermont built mills in the area in 1802.

Gilbert Hyatt ''For the patent holder for the Microprocessor, see: Microprocessor#Gilbert Hyatt (1970)'' Gilbert Hyatt ( 1761 – 17 September 1823) was instrumental in founding a township in Lower Canada, settling it and starting a village that became Sherbro ...

led a group of

loyalists Loyalism, in the United Kingdom, its overseas territories and its former colonies, refers to the allegiance to the British crown or the United Kingdom. In North America, the most common usage of the term refers to loyalty to the British Crow ...

, who settled around 1803. He dammed the

Magog River The Magog River, or Sekosonotek in Abenaki, is a river that drains Lake Memphremagog. It is a small river running through the territories of the cities of Magog and Sherbrooke, in the administrative region of Estrie, in Quebec, in Canada, along a ...

and a

gristmill A gristmill (also: grist mill, corn mill, flour mill, feed mill or feedmill) grinds cereal grain into flour and middlings. The term can refer to either the grinding mechanism or the building that holds it. Grist is grain that has been separated ...

and a

sawmill A sawmill (saw mill, saw-mill) or lumber mill is a facility where logging, logs are cut into lumber. Modern sawmills use a motorized saw to cut logs lengthwise to make long pieces, and crosswise to length depending on standard or custom sizes ...

were soon built nearby. The settlement was then known as Hyatt's Mills. The first immigrants from England arrived in 1815. Sherbrooke 1889

The

British American Land Company The British American Land Company (BALC) was a company formed in 1832 for the purpose of purchasing land and encouraging British immigration to Lower Canada. It was founded and promoted by John Galt, Edward Ellice and others to acquire and manag ...

was formed in 1832 to acquire and develop almost of

Crown land Crown land (sometimes spelled crownland), also known as royal domain, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies the Crown. It is the equivalent of an entailed estate and passes with the monarchy, being inseparable from it ...

and other lands in the area. It prioritized speculation over immigration. In 1852 a railway linked

Montreal Montreal ( ; officially Montréal, ) is the second-most populous city in Canada and most populous city in the Canadian province of Quebec. Founded in 1642 as '' Ville-Marie'', or "City of Mary", it is named after Mount Royal, the triple- ...

and

Portland, Maine Portland is the largest city in the U.S. state of Maine and the seat of Cumberland County. Portland's population was 68,408 in April 2020. The Greater Portland metropolitan area is home to over half a million people, the 104th-largest metro ...

via Sherbrooke. By the 1890s there were rail connections to

Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the capital city, state capital and List of municipalities in Massachusetts, most populous city of the Commonwealth (U.S. state), Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financ ...

, Halifax, and

New York City New York, often called New York City or NYC, is the most populous city in the United States. With a 2020 population of 8,804,190 distributed over , New York City is also the most densely populated major city in the U ...

Immigration from the rest of Quebec began in 1850, and by 1871 francophones were in the majority. By the turn of the 20th century, Sherbrooke was a thriving industrial city, with manufacturing benefiting from locally-produced

hydroelectricity Hydroelectricity, or hydroelectric power, is electricity generated from hydropower (water power). Hydropower supplies one sixth of the world's electricity, almost 4500 TWh in 2020, which is more than all other renewable sources combined a ...

. From the 1950s, some the steel and textile industries declined, giving way to government services and education. Dufferin Street, Sherbrooke, Que

As part of the

2000–2006 municipal reorganization in Quebec The 2000–2006 municipal reorganization in Quebec resulted in large-scale amalgamation of smaller municipalities in Quebec into larger cities. It was undertaken by one administration, and modified and partially undone by its successor. The firs ...

, the city grew considerably on 1 January 2002, with the amalgamation of Sherbrooke, Ascot, Bromptonville, Deauville, Fleurimont,

Lennoxville Lennoxville is an ''arrondissement'', or borough, of the city of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Lennoxville is located at the confluence of the St. Francis and Massawippi Rivers approximately five kilometres south of downtown Sherbrooke. Lennoxv ...

, Rock Forest, and Saint-Élie-d'Orford. Part of Stoke was also annexed to the newly expanded Sherbrooke. In 2012, a local Vitamin production factory suffered an explosion, which killed 2, and injured 19, some severely. A large toxic cloud enveloped part of the city, raising health concerns.

Geography

Located at the confluence of the Saint-François (St. Francis) and Magog rivers in the heart of the

and the administrative region. Sherbrooke is also the name of a

(TE) and

(CD) of

, coextensive with the city of Sherbrooke. Its geographical code is 43.

Climate

Sherbrooke has a

humid continental climate A humid continental climate is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, typified by four distinct seasons and large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and freez ...

(

Köppen Köppen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Bernd Köppen (born 1951), German pianist and composer * Carl Köppen (1833-1907), German military advisor in Meiji era Japan * Edlef Köppen (1893–1939), German author and ...

''Dfb''), with long, cold, and snowy winters, warm summers, and short but crisp springs and autumns. Highs range from in January to in July. In an average year, there are 34 nights at or colder than , and 6.5 nights at or colder than ; 4.1 days will see highs reaching . Annual snowfall is large, averaging at , sometimes falling in May and October. Precipitation is not sparse any time of the year, but is the greatest in summer and fall and at its least from January to April, totalling annually. The highest temperature ever recorded in Sherbrooke was on 1 & 2 July 1931. The coldest temperature ever recorded was on 15 January 2004.

Cityscape

Neighbourhoods

The city includes several neighbourhoods: *''Le quartier universitaire'' *''Le Vieux-Nord'' *''Collinsville'' *''Secteur Galvin'' *''L'Est'' *''Ascot'' *''Mi-Vallon'' *''du Pin-Solitaire'' *''Le Petit Canada''

Demographics

In the

2021 Census of Population The 2021 Canadian census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population with a reference date of May 11, 2021. It follows the 2016 Canadian census, which recorded a population of 35,151,728. The overall response rate was 98%, which is sli ...

conducted by Statistics Canada, Sherbrooke had a population of living in of its total private dwellings, a change of from its 2016 population of . With a land area of , it had a population density of in 2021. {, class="wikitable" , + 2021 Census data , - ! colspan="2" , Canada 2021 Census!! Population !! % of Total Population , - , rowspan="13" ,

Ethnicity An ethnic group or an ethnicity is a grouping of people who identify with each other on the basis of shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups. Those attributes can include common sets of traditions, ancestry, language, history, ...

group
Source: , , European , , 151,055, , , - ,

Arab The Arabs (singular: Arab; singular ar, عَرَبِيٌّ, DIN 31635: , , plural ar, عَرَب, DIN 31635, DIN 31635: , Arabic pronunciation: ), also known as the Arab people, are an ethnic group mainly inhabiting the Arab world in Wester ...

, , 2,900, , , - ,

Black Black is a color which results from the absence or complete absorption of visible light. It is an achromatic color, without hue, like white and grey. It is often used symbolically or figuratively to represent darkness. Black and white ha ...

, , 5,215, , , - ,

Chinese Chinese can refer to: * Something related to China * Chinese people, people of Chinese nationality, citizenship, and/or ethnicity **''Zhonghua minzu'', the supra-ethnic concept of the Chinese nation ** List of ethnic groups in China, people of v ...

, , 830 , , , - ,

Filipino Filipino may refer to: * Something from or related to the Philippines ** Filipino language, standardized variety of 'Tagalog', the national language and one of the official languages of the Philippines. ** Filipinos, people who are citizens of th ...

, , 200 , , , - ,

Latin American Latin Americans ( es, Latinoamericanos; pt, Latino-americanos; ) are the citizens of Latin American countries (or people with cultural, ancestral or national origins in Latin America). Latin American countries and their diasporas are multi-et ...

, , 3,410, , , - ,

South Asian South Asia is the southern Subregion#Asia, subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geography, geographical and culture, ethno-cultural terms. The region consists of the countries of Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, ...

, , 710, , , - ,

Southeast Asian Southeast Asia, also spelled South East Asia and South-East Asia, and also known as Southeastern Asia, South-eastern Asia or SEA, is the geographical United Nations geoscheme for Asia#South-eastern Asia, south-eastern region of Asia, consistin ...

, , 560, , , - ,

West Asian Western Asia, West Asia, or Southwest Asia, is the westernmost subregion of the larger geographical region of Asia, as defined by some academics, UN bodies and other institutions. It is almost entirely a part of the Middle East, and includes Ana ...

, , 1,630 , , , - ,

Korean Korean may refer to: People and culture * Koreans, ethnic group originating in the Korean Peninsula * Korean cuisine * Korean culture * Korean language **Korean alphabet, known as Hangul or Chosŏn'gŭl **Korean dialects and the Jeju language ** ...

, , 75 , , , - ,

Japanese Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

, , 60 , , , - , Aboriginal , , 3,070 , , , - , Other , , 300, , , - , colspan="2" , ''Total population'' , , ''172,950'' , , ''100%'' {, class="wikitable" style="float:left; font-size:95%; margin-right:10px;" , - , +Ethnic origin ( 2016) , - " !Ethnic origin !Population !Percent , - ,

Canadian Canadians (french: Canadiens) are people identified with the country of Canada. This connection may be residential, legal, historical or cultural. For most Canadians, many (or all) of these connections exist and are collectively the source of ...

, 106,695 , 68.3 , - , French , 42,315 , 27.1 , - ,

Irish Irish may refer to: Common meanings * Someone or something of, from, or related to: ** Ireland, an island situated off the north-western coast of continental Europe ***Éire, Irish language name for the isle ** Northern Ireland, a constituent unit ...

, 8,855 , 5.7 , - , North American Aboriginal , 6,100 , 3.9 , - ,

English English usually refers to: * English language * English people English may also refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * ''English'', an adjective for something of, from, or related to England ** English national id ...

, 4,570 , 2.9 , - , Québécois , 3,750 , 2.4 , - ,

Scottish Scottish usually refers to something of, from, or related to Scotland, including: *Scottish Gaelic, a Celtic Goidelic language of the Indo-European language family native to Scotland *Scottish English *Scottish national identity, the Scottish ide ...

, 3,445 , 2.2 , - ,

Italian Italian(s) may refer to: * Anything of, from, or related to the people of Italy over the centuries ** Italians, an ethnic group or simply a citizen of the Italian Republic or Italian Kingdom ** Italian language, a Romance language *** Regional Ita ...

, 2,550 , 1.6 , - ,

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) **Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ger ...

, 2,390 , 1.5 , - 86.4% of Sherbrooke residents spoke French as a first language in 2021, while those whose mother tongue was

accounted for 3.9%. The next most common first languages were

Spanish Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: ** Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries **Spanish cuisine Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Ca ...

(2%),

Arabic Arabic (, ' ; , ' or ) is a Semitic language spoken primarily across the Arab world.Semitic languages: an international handbook / edited by Stefan Weninger; in collaboration with Geoffrey Khan, Michael P. Streck, Janet C. E.Watson; Walte ...

(1.3%) and

Dari Dari (, , ), also known as Dari Persian (, ), is the variety of the Persian language spoken in Afghanistan. Dari is the term officially recognised and promoted since 1964 by the Afghan government for the Persian language,Lazard, G.Darī ...

(0.7%) As of 2021, approximately 88.7% of Sherbrooke residents were white, while 9.6% were visible minorities and 1.7% were aboriginal. The largest visible minority groups in Sherbrooke were Black (3.1%), Latin American (2%), Arab (1.7%), and West Asian (1%).

Census metropolitan area

The Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) comprises the cities of Sherbrooke, Magog and Waterville, the municipalities of Ascot Corner, Compton, Saint-Denis-de-Brompton, Stoke and Val-Joli; the township municipalities of Hatley and Orford; and the village municipality of

North Hatley North Hatley is a village of 675 people (2021 Census), located at the north end of Lake Massawippi. It is part of the Memphrémagog Regional County Municipality in the Eastern Townships region of Quebec, Canada, also known as Estrie or Cantons d ...

. The population in 2021 was 227,398. The median age was 43. Approximately 90.5% of the greater Sherbrooke area residents were white, while 7.7% were visible minorities and 1.8% were Aboriginal. French was

mother tongue A first language, native tongue, native language, mother tongue or L1 is the first language or dialect that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period. In some countries, the term ''native language'' or ''mother tong ...

to 87.3% of residents. The next most common mother tongues were English (4.5%), Spanish (1.6%), Arabic (1.0%) Dari (0.5%), Mandarin (0.2%), Portuguese (0.2%) and Serbian (0.2%). About 55.7% of the population identified as

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the List of Christian denominations by number of members, largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics Catholic Church by country, worldwide . It is am ...

in 2021 while 32.2% said they had no religious affiliation, 2.9% were Muslim, 0.5% Anglican, 0.5%

Eastern Orthodox Eastern Orthodoxy, also known as Eastern Orthodox Christianity, is one of the three main branches of Chalcedonian Christianity, alongside Catholicism and Protestantism. Like the Pentarchy of the first millennium, the mainstream (or " canoni ...

, 0.4%

Jehovah's Witness Jehovah's Witnesses is a millenarian restorationist Christian denomination with nontrinitarian beliefs distinct from mainstream Christianity. The group reports a worldwide membership of approximately 8.7 million adherents involved i ...

and 0.4%

Baptist Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christianity, Christian believers only (believer's baptism), and doing so by complete Immersion baptism, immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe ...

United Church A united church, also called a uniting church, is a church formed from the merger or other form of church union of two or more different Protestant Christian denominations. Historically, unions of Protestant churches were enforced by the state ...

and

Pentecostals Pentecostalism or classical Pentecostalism is a Protestant Charismatic Christian movement

made up 0.3% of the population each while

buddhist Buddhism ( , ), also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya (), is an Indian religion or philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha. It originated in northern India as a -movement in the 5th century BCE, and ...

made 0.2%.

Economy

Sherbrooke, which is the economic centre of

, is a significant cultural, industrial, and academic hub in the province. The city is directly served by two railways: the St. Lawrence and Atlantic Railroad and the

Canadian Pacific Railway The Canadian Pacific Railway (french: Chemin de fer Canadien Pacifique) , also known simply as CPR or Canadian Pacific and formerly as CP Rail (1968–1996), is a Canadian Class I railway incorporated in 1881. The railway is owned by Canad ...

. Sherbrooke is also served by four highways as well as the regional airport named Sherbrooke Airport but located in the nearby city of Cookshire-Eaton. Sherbrooke Airport no longer offers scheduled passenger services as of March 2010. According to data from the ''

Institut de la statistique du Québec The Institut de la statistique du Québec (or Quebec Statistical Institute in translation) is the governmental statistics agency of Quebec. It is responsible for producing, analyzing, and publishing official statistics to enhance knowledge, discu ...

'', average personal income

per capita ''Per capita'' is a Latin phrase literally meaning "by heads" or "for each head", and idiomatically used to mean "per person". The term is used in a wide variety of social sciences and statistical research contexts, including government statistic ...

in the Census Metropolitan Area (CMA) of Sherbrooke amounted to in 2010. Estrie's

GDP Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is of ...

for the same year was $. ;Largest employers As of 2010, the largest employers in Sherbrooke are

Université de Sherbrooke The University of Sherbrooke (French: Université de Sherbrooke) (UdS) is a large public French-language university in Quebec, Canada with campuses located in Sherbrooke and Longueuil, a suburb of Montreal approximately west of Sherbrooke. It i ...

(6,000 employees),

Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke The Centre hospitalier universitaire de Sherbrooke (CHUS) is the public healthcare network in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, affiliated with the Université de Sherbrooke Faculty of Medecine. The CHUS offers general, specialized and sub-specialize ...

(5,511), Commission scolaire de la Région-de-Sherbrooke (3,050), Centre de santé et de services sociaux – Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Sherbrooke (2,650), City of Sherbrooke (1,913),

Desjardins Group The Desjardins Group (french: Mouvement Desjardins) is a Canadian financial service cooperative and the largest federation of credit unions (french: caisses populaires) in North America. It was founded in 1900 in Lévis, Quebec by Alphonse Des ...

(1,713),

Cégep de Sherbrooke The Cégep de Sherbrooke is a public pre-university college located in the city of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Its website indicates that it has an annual student population of more than 6,500 and over 750 paid staff members.Nordia Inc. Nordia Inc. was created in 1999 as a joint partnership between two North American companies in communications and customer relationship management: Excell Global Services and Bell Canada. This happened after Bell Canada decided to stop processing ...

(500),

Canada Post Canada Post Corporation (french: Société canadienne des postes), trading as Canada Post (french: Postes Canada), is a Crown corporations of Canada, Crown corporation that functions as the primary Postal administration, postal operator in Canada ...

(497), Kruger Inc. - Publication papers business unit (455),

Bishop's University Bishop's University (french: Université Bishop's) is a small English-language liberal arts university in Lennoxville, a borough of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. The founder of the institution was the Anglican Bishop of Quebec, George Mountain, who ...

(450) and

McDonald's McDonald's Corporation is an American multinational fast food Fast food is a type of mass-produced food designed for commercial resale, with a strong priority placed on speed of service. It is a commercial term, limited to food sold ...

(400). These include enterprises operating in Sherbrooke only and having 400 or more employees.

Culture

In the summer season, several festivals, concerts, and events are held in the city, such as the ''

Fête du Lac des Nations The Fête du Lac des Nations is an annual festival held in Sherbrooke, Quebec in the month of July. It takes place in Parc Jacques-Cartier and features locally, regionally, and globally known musicians A musician is a person who composes, ...

'', ''Sherblues & Folk'', and the '' Festival des traditions du monde''. Come winter, the city hosts the ''Carnaval de Sherbrooke''. The city has British architectural heritage, as seen in the buildings in Vieux-Nord. Sherbrooke has the fourth largest theatre in Quebec, the Maurice O'Bready University Cultural Centre of Sherbrooke (Salle Maurice-O’bready du centre culturel de l’Université de Sherbrooke). Music, theatre, and dance shows are staged there. The Centennial Theatre of

also hosts music and dance concerts from around the world. The Vieux Clocher, owned by the

, has two stages, the primary being used by various music groups and comedians from around the province. The '' Théâtre Granada'', designated as a historical site by the Canadian government, holds music concerts. It has retained its original architecture since its opening. The ''Petit Théâtre de Sherbrooke'', located downtown, presents musicals and plays for children. Since 2007, the ''Centre des arts de la scène Jean-Besré'' (CASJB), built by the city with the support of the Ministry of Culture and Communications, has assisted in the creation and production of material for the region's artistic community. It serves as the location for training theatre, music, and dance professionals. It contains three rehearsal studios, a production room, a decoration workshop, and a costume workshop, as well as administrative offices for each of its resident companies.

Auditoriums

*Salle Maurice-O'Bready *

Granada Theatre Granada Theater may refer to: * Granada Theater (Emporia, Kansas) * Granada Theater (Kansas City, Kansas) * Granada Theater (Lawrence, Kansas) * Granada Theater (Dallas, Texas) * Granada Theater (The Dalles, Oregon) * Granada Theater (Wilmingt ...

*Centennial Theatre *Vieux Clocher *Le Petit Théâtre de Sherbrooke *Théâtre Léonard Saint-Laurent *Salle Alfred-Des Rochers

Libraries

* La bibliothèque municipale Éva-Senécal, the main city library (opened 22 December 1990), is named for Éva Senécal (1905-1988), poet, novelist and journalist. *La bibliothèque du secteur de Rock Forest *La bibliothèque du secteur de Saint-Élie *La bibliothèque Gisèle-Bergeron *La bibliothèque de

, at the intersection of rue Queen and rue College, near Bishop's University, offers a book lending service in French and English.

Attractions

Museums and visitors' centres

Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum The Sherbrooke Nature and Science Museum (french: Musée de la nature et des sciences de Sherbrooke) is a natural history and science museum in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. It is located at 225 Frontenac Street in downtown Sherbrooke. The museum ...

*Centre d'interprétation de l'histoire de Sherbrooke * Sherbrooke Museum of Fine Arts *Centre culturel et du patrimoine Uplands *Art gallery at the Centre Culturel of Sherbrooke University *Centre d'art actuel Sporobole *Prison Winter

Parks

* Johnville Bog & Forest Park *''Forêt jardinée de l'aéroport de Sherbrooke'' Sherbrooke has parks and greenspaces that encompass a variety of recreational activities. In total, there are 108 in the municipality. Parks Jacques-Cartier, Mont Bellevue, Bois Beckett, Lucien-Blanchard, Central, Quintal, Victoria, and Marais Réal-D.-Carbonneau are among the most popular destinations. * Jacques-Cartier Park Parc Jacques-Cartier

:Situated along lac des Nations, this park is about away from the downtown area and is connected to the lac des Nations promenade. It contains several sports facilities including soccer fields and tennis courts. Several festivals are held here including the

, the Carnaval de Sherbooke, the festivities for the

Fête Nationale The fête nationale (English: '' National Day'' or ''National Celebration'') is a holiday in many places, frequently as a public holiday. It is a French language term for National Holiday, so is used in places that use French. It may refer to: * ...

and Canada Day. * Mont Bellevue Park Parc du Mont-Bellevue

:This park is the largest in Sherbrooke, with an area of . Situated partially on the campus of the

, it is managed by the city and developed by volunteer organization ''Regroupement du Mont-Bellevue''. Within the park are mounts Bellevue and John-S.-Bourque, the former of which has a small ski station. The park is also used for cross-country skiing, snowshoeing, walking, and tubing in winter; as well as hiking, mountain biking, archery, tennis, and jogging in summer. The park contains a total of of trails and several different types of ecosystems. * Bois Beckett Park :This park was established on an old maple grove that belonged to Major Henry Beckett between 1834 and 1870. The property remained in his family until it was acquired by the city in 1963. In 2000, the ''Ministère de Ressources naturelles et de la Faune'' recognized the property as an

old-growth forest An old-growth forestalso termed primary forest, virgin forest, late seral forest, primeval forest, or first-growth forestis a forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance, and thereby exhibits unique ecological featur ...

. The oldest tree is said to be 270 years old. The park is maintained, protected and promoted by a volunteer group. Several trails have been built by the city which are open year-round. Within the park, there are several artifacts left behind by Beckett, such as foundations, wells, and farm equipment. * Lucien-Blanchard Park Parc Jacques-C

:Situated west of downtown on the bank of the

, this park is open to several outdoor activities such as swimming and beach volleyball. Bicycles, canoes, kayaks, paddle boats, and

dragon boats A dragon boat is a human-powered watercraft originating from the Pearl River Delta region of China's southern Guangdong Province. These were made of teak, but in other parts of China, different kinds of wood are used. It is one of a family of ...

are available for rent. There is an

interpretation centre An interpretation centre, interpretive centre, or visitor interpretive centre is an institution for dissemination of knowledge of natural or cultural heritage. Interpretation centres are a kind of new-style museum, often associated with visitor ...

with an emphasis on the reptiles and amphibians of the region as well as a boutique. * Central Park :At the heart of the

Rock Forest–Saint-Élie–Deauville Rock Forest–Saint-Élie–Deauville is an ''arrondissement'', or borough, of the city of Sherbrooke, Quebec. The borough comprises the formerly independent cities of Rock Forest, Deauville and Saint-Élie-d'Orford, which were annexed into the ci ...

borough, this park is equipped for soccer, tennis, baseball, beach volleyball, and has a playground and an outdoor pool. * Quintal Park :Formerly called ''Parc Central de Fleurimont'', this park is situated in the borough of Fleurimont, and mirrors Central Park of Rock Forest-Saint-Élie-Deauville. In early July, the Pif Classic baseball tournament is held in the park, and in August, it hosts the ''Festival des Traditions du Monde''. * Victoria and Sylvie-Daigle Parks :Across Terrill Street from one another, these parks are situated just east of downtown. Inside these parks lie pedestrian trails, Olympic-size soccer fields, a handicap accessible outdoor pool, and a sports complex. This multifunctional facility, called the ''Centre MultiSport Roland-Dussault'', has an artificial turf allowing local teams the opportunity to practise indoor soccer, baseball, football, rugby, and so on. There is a hockey arena. * Marais Réal-D.-Carbonneau

:Located near the

Saint-François River The Saint-François River is a right tributary of the St. Lawrence River in Quebec, Canada. Its source is Lake Saint-François in Chaudière-Appalaches, southeast of Thetford Mines. It flows southwest towards Sherbrooke, where it changes cours ...

, this marsh was developed by CHARMES, a non-profit management corporation that seeks to promote

ecotourism Ecotourism is a form of tourism involving responsible travel (using sustainable transport) to natural areas, conserving the environment, and improving the well-being of the local people. Its purpose may be to educate the traveler, to provide fund ...

in and around Sherbrooke. The park is located on of land and allows visitors access to wooden piers and observation towers, where there are over 50 tree and shrub species and birds.

Sports

Baseball

The Sherbrooke Expos of the Ligue de Baseball Majeur du Québec, an amateur baseball league, play their home games at Amedée Roy Stadium. The city also hosted some games of the 2002 World Junior Baseball Championship, and the 2013 Canada Games. Historically, several professional teams based in Sherbrooke competed in Minor League Baseball or in

independent baseball league An independent baseball league is a professional baseball organization in the United States or Canada that is not overseen by Major League Baseball and is outside the Minor League Baseball clubs affiliated to it. The Northern League and Frontie ...

s: {, class="wikitable" ! Season(s) !! Team !! League !! Classification , - , 1940 , , Sherbrooke Braves , ,

Quebec Provincial League The Provincial League, sometimes known as the Quebec Provincial League, was a minor league baseball league based in the Canadian province of Quebec. It went through a number of incarnations during the 20th century, spending time as both an indepen ...

, , Class B , - , 1946 , ,

Sherbrooke Canadians The Sherbrooke Canadians were a minor league baseball team in the Border League during the 1946 season. The team was based in Sherbrooke, Quebec, and was affiliated with the Rochester Red Wings of the International League; Rochester itself was ...

, ,

Border League The Border League, is the oldest established rugby union league in the World, having been formed in 1901. Currently known as the Booker Border League, after its sponsors, teams from all over the Scottish Borders as well as Berwick RFC from Nor ...

, , Class C , - , 1947 , , Sherbrooke Black Sox , , Quebec Provincial League , , rowspan=2,

Independent Independent or Independents may refer to: Arts, entertainment, and media Artist groups * Independents (artist group), a group of modernist painters based in the New Hope, Pennsylvania, area of the United States during the early 1930s * Independe ...

, - , 1948–1949 , , rowspan=2,

Sherbrooke Athletics The Sherbrooke Indians were a minor league baseball team located in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. They played in the Provincial League from 1948 to 1951 as the Sherbrooke Athletics and again from 1953 to 1955 as the Indians. They won the first Pr ...

, , rowspan=3,

Provincial League Provincial League (formerly known as Professional League) also known as Pro League was the old regional Football league in Thailand in 1999–2008. It was founded in 1999 under the name "Provincial League" organized by Sports Authority of Thaila ...

, - , 1950–1951 , , rowspan=2, Class C , - , 1953–1955 , , Sherbrooke Indians , - , 1972–1973 , , Sherbrooke Pirates , , Eastern League , , Double-A

Ice hockey

The

Sherbrooke Phoenix The Sherbrooke Phoenix is a major junior ice hockey team based in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, that plays in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL). The team plays its home games at the Palais des Sports Léopold-Drolet. History The franch ...

is a junior hockey team playing in the

Quebec Major Junior Hockey League The Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (french: Ligue de hockey junior majeur du Québec; abbreviated ''QMJHL'' in English, ''LHJMQ'' in French) is one of the three major junior ice hockey leagues that constitute the Canadian Hockey League. The l ...

. The

Sherbrooke Canadiens The Sherbrooke Canadiens were a professional ice hockey team in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. They played their home games at the Palais des Sports. They were a member of the American Hockey League from 1984 to 1990, and were a farm team of the Mo ...

competed in the

American Hockey League The American Hockey League (AHL) is a professional ice hockey league based in the United States and Canada that serves as the primary developmental league for the National Hockey League (NHL). Since the 2010–11 season, every team in the le ...

from 1984 to 1990.

Government

Sherbrooke is the seat of the

judicial district A judicial district or legal district denotes the territorial area for which a legal court (usually a district court) has jurisdiction. By region Europe Austria In texts concerning Austria, "judicial district" (german: Gerichtsbezirk) refers ...

of Saint-François.

Municipal

Local governance is provided by the

Sherbrooke City Council The Sherbrooke City Council (in French: ''Conseil municipal de Sherbrooke'') is the governing body for the mayor–council government in the city of Sherbrooke, in the Estrie region of Quebec. The council consists of a mayor and 14 councillors. Th ...

. The mayor is Évelyne Beaudin. Under the

, Sherbrooke merged with most of the suburban municipalities in the surrounding area: Rock Forest, Saint-Élie-d'Orford, Deauville, Fleurimont, Bromptonville, Ascot, and Lennoxville. This resulted in the creation of six

Boroughs of Sherbrooke The city of Sherbrooke, Quebec is divided into six boroughs (in French, ''arrondissements''), each with a president and council. Powers The borough council is responsible for: *Fire prevention *Removal of household waste and residual materials ...

: Brompton, Fleurimont,

, Mont-Bellevue,

, and Jacques-Cartier. Each of the boroughs is subdivided into

electoral districts An electoral district, also known as an election district, legislative district, voting district, constituency, riding, ward, division, or (election) precinct is a subdivision of a larger state (a country, administrative region, or other polity ...

, with the number varying based on population. For example, there are only two districts in Brompton, which only has 6,314 inhabitants, whereas Fleurimont (pop. 40,824) has five. Sherbrooke has 21 districts total, for which the average population is 7,200 inhabitants. {, class="wikitable" , - ! Borough ! Population ! City Councillors , - , Brompton , 5,956 , 3 , - , Fleurimont , 41,276 , 5 , - , Jacques-Cartier , 30,229 , 4 , - , Lennoxville , 5,195 , 3 , - , Mont-Bellevue , 33,377 , 4 , - , Rock Forest–Saint-Élie–Deauville , 29,191 , 4

Federal and provincial

Sherbrooke is split into the federal electoral districts of

Sherbrooke Sherbrooke ( ; ) is a city in southern Quebec, Canada. It is at the confluence of the Saint-François and Magog rivers in the heart of the Estrie administrative region. Sherbrooke is also the name of a territory equivalent to a regional cou ...

, represented by

Élisabeth Brière Élisabeth Brière (born 1968) is a Canadian Liberal politician who was elected as a Member of Parliament in the House of Commons of Canada to represent the federal riding Sherbrooke during the 2019 Canadian federal election The 2019 Can ...

of the

Liberal party of Canada The Liberal Party of Canada (french: Parti libéral du Canada, region=CA) is a federal political party in Canada. The party espouses the principles of liberalism,McCall, Christina; Stephen Clarkson"Liberal Party". ''The Canadian Encyclopedia' ...

and

Compton—Stanstead Compton—Stanstead is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1997. It was created in 1996 from Mégantic—Compton—Stanstead and Richmond—Wolfe ridings. Geograp ...

, represented by

Marie-Claude Bibeau Marie-Claude Bibeau (born April 4, 1970) is a Canadian politician who was elected to represent the riding of Compton—Stanstead in the House of Commons in the 2015 federal election. A member of the Liberal Party of Canada, she was sworn in ...

of the Liberals. Provincially, Sherbrooke is divided into three electoral districts.

is represented by Christine Labrie of the

Québec solidaire Québec solidaire (QS; ) is a democratic socialist and sovereigntist political party in Quebec, Canada. The party and media outlets in Canada usually use the name "Québec solidaire" in both French and English, but the party's name is sometimes ...

(QS), Saint-François is represented by Guy Hardy of the PLQ and

Richmond Richmond most often refers to: * Richmond, Virginia, the capital of Virginia, United States * Richmond, London, a part of London * Richmond, North Yorkshire, a town in England * Richmond, British Columbia, a city in Canada * Richmond, California, a ...

is represented by Karine Vallières of the PLQ.

Public safety

In 2007, the

crime rate Crime statistics refer to systematic, quantitative results about crime, as opposed to crime news or anecdotes. Notably, crime statistics can be the result of two rather different processes: * scientific research, such as criminological studies, vi ...

was 5,491 per 100,000.

Military

Sherbrooke does not host any units from the

Regular Force In the Canadian Armed Forces, a Regular Force unit or person is part of the full-time military, as opposed to being part of the Primary Reserve which has more flexibility. There are many bases and wings across Canada, and factors like trade, career ...

with the exception of a recruiting centre, but four

Primary Reserve The Primary Reserve of the Canadian Armed Forces (french: links=no, Première réserve des Forces canadiennes) is the first and largest of the four sub-components of the Canadian Armed Forces reserves, followed by the Supplementary Reserve, the ...

units are stationed in the city: *52nd Field Ambulance, formerly known as 8th Medical Company. * 714th Communication Squadron *

Les Fusiliers de Sherbrooke Les Fusiliers de Sherbrooke is a Primary Reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Army. It is based in Sherbrooke, Quebec, with a sub-unit in Granby. Badge A grenade with the Crown superimposed upon the ball within an annulet inscribed ''Les ...

*The

Sherbrooke Hussars The Sherbrooke Hussars is a Primary Reserve armoured warfare, armoured regiment of the Canadian Forces and perpetuates the Sherbrooke Fusilier Regiment of the Second World War. Lineage The Sherbrooke Regiment The Sherbrooke Regiment was initiall ...

, formed from the amalgamation of The Sherbrooke Regiment and the 7th/11th Hussars in 1965. A Canadian military artifact is preserved at the William Street Armoury, the Sherman tank "Bomb" which helped liberate Europe fighting with the

Sherbrooke Fusilier Regiment The Sherbrooke Hussars is a Primary Reserve armoured warfare, armoured regiment of the Canadian Forces and perpetuates the Sherbrooke Fusilier Regiment of the Second World War. Lineage The Sherbrooke Regiment The Sherbrooke Regiment was initiall ...

and is the only Canadian tank to have landed on the Normandy beach on D-Day and fought through to

VE Day Victory in Europe Day is the day celebrating the formal acceptance by the Allies of World War II of Germany's unconditional surrender of its armed forces on Tuesday, 8 May 1945, marking the official end of World War II in Europe in the Easte ...

without being knocked out.

Infrastructure

Transportation

Transdev Limocar provides bus service to

via Granby and Magog. Formerly, Autobus Jordez linked Sherbrooke to

Drummondville Drummondville is a city in the Centre-du-Québec region of Quebec, located east of Montreal on the Saint-François River. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 79,258. The mayor of Drummondville is Stéphanie Lacoste. Drummondville is ...

and

Trois-Rivières Trois-Rivières (, – 'Three Rivers') is a city in the Mauricie administrative region of Quebec, Canada, at the confluence of the Saint-Maurice and Saint Lawrence rivers, on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River across from the city of ...

, and also to

Victoriaville Victoriaville is a town in central Quebec, Canada, on the Nicolet River. Victoriaville is the seat of Arthabaska Regional County Municipality and a part of the Centre-du-Québec (Bois-Francs) region. It is formed by the 1993 merger of Arthabaska, ...

and

Quebec City Quebec City ( or ; french: Ville de Québec), officially Québec (), is the capital city of the Provinces and territories of Canada, Canadian province of Quebec. As of July 2021, the city had a population of 549,459, and the Communauté métrop ...

, but since the company lost their licence to operate heavy vehicles, they have sold their licence to Autobus La Québécoise, who now provide the service. Société de transport de Sherbrooke (STS) provides bus service within the city. It operates 17 bus routes, 11 minibus routes, and 5 taxibus routes. The city is located at the eastern terminus of

A-10 The Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II is a single-seat, twin-turbofan, straight-wing, subsonic attack aircraft developed by Fairchild Republic for the United States Air Force (USAF). In service since 1976, it is named for the Republic ...

, and directly on the Autoroute Trans-Québécoise ( A-55). A-10 provides a direct freeway connection to Montreal and points west, while A-55 connects directly to Trois-Rivières,

Shawinigan Shawinigan () is a city located on the Saint-Maurice River in the Mauricie area in Quebec, Canada. It had a population of 49,349 as of the 2016 Canadian census. Shawinigan is also a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and ...

, and points north, as well as to

Interstate 91 Interstate 91 (I-91) is an Interstate Highway in the New England region of the United States. It provides the primary north–south thoroughfare in the western part of the region. The Interstate generally follows the course of the Connect ...

to the south (Vermont). A-410 and A-610 are the southern and northern bypass roads, respectively. The last passenger train for the city was

VIA Rail Via Rail Canada Inc. (), operating as Via Rail or Via, is a Canadian Crown corporation that is mandated to operate intercity passenger rail service in Canada. It receives an annual subsidy from Transport Canada to offset the cost of operati ...

's Montreal – Saint John, New Brunswick ''

Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the "Old World" of Africa, Europe an ...

'', which ended service in 1994. There have been recent proposals to provide rail service from Montreal to Boston with a stop in Sherbrooke. Sherbrooke Airport, in Cookshire-Eaton is just east of the city. There are currently no scheduled flights operating out of the airport.

Public health

The suburban Sherbrooke University Hospital ("CHUS" or "Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbooke) has over 5,200 employees, including 550 doctors. It includes a clinical research facility, the Étienne-Lebel Research Centre.

Education

Sherbrooke has eight institutions that make up the Sherbrooke University Pole, which educates some 40,000 students and employs about 11,000 persons. University students comprise 10.32% of the population, the highest concentration in Quebec. The city is the location of one French-language university, the

, and an English-language university,

. Université de Sherbrooke is a comprehensive university with schools of

medicine Medicine is the science and Praxis (process), practice of caring for a patient, managing the diagnosis, prognosis, Preventive medicine, prevention, therapy, treatment, Palliative care, palliation of their injury or disease, and Health promotion ...

and

law Law is a set of rules that are created and are enforceable by social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior,Robertson, ''Crimes against humanity'', 90. with its precise definition a matter of longstanding debate. It has been vari ...

and extensive

graduate programs Postgraduate or graduate education refers to academic or professional degrees, certificates, diplomas, or other qualifications pursued by post-secondary students who have earned an undergraduate (bachelor's) degree. The organization and s ...

. Bishop's University is smaller and predominantly

undergraduate Undergraduate education is education conducted after secondary education and before postgraduate education. It typically includes all postsecondary programs up to the level of a bachelor's degree. For example, in the United States, an entry-le ...

. There are three

CEGEP A CEGEP ( or ; ), also written cégep, CÉGEP and cegep, is a publicly funded college providing technical, academic, vocational or a mix of programs; they are exclusive to the province of Quebec's education system. A loanword from French, i ...

s in Sherbrooke, two of them French-language, the

Cégep de Sherbrooke The Cégep de Sherbrooke is a public pre-university college located in the city of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Its website indicates that it has an annual student population of more than 6,500 and over 750 paid staff members.Séminaire de Sherbrooke The Séminaire de Sherbrooke, also known as Séminaire Saint-Charles-Borromée, is a private educational institution located in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Today, the Séminaire offers five years of secondary school and several college programs ...

, and one English-language,

Champlain College Lennoxville Champlain College Lennoxville is the Champlain Regional College campus serving the Eastern Townships (Estrie). The campus is located in the borough of Lennoxville, of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Like the other campuses of Champlain Regional Co ...

. CCSQ and CDE College which currently enrols International Students. In the past over 100 International students have graduated and landed jobs in Sherbrooke City itself, making it an attraction to the Indian student division. There currently over 100 South Asians residing in the City of Sherbrooke which consists of Hindu, Punjabi and Gujrati ethnic background. There are also public high school boards such as the English Eastern Townships School Board, French Commission scolaire de la Région-de-Sherbrooke and private high schools such as

Séminaire de Sherbrooke The Séminaire de Sherbrooke, also known as Séminaire Saint-Charles-Borromée, is a private educational institution located in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada. Today, the Séminaire offers five years of secondary school and several college programs ...

founded in 1875,

Bishop's College School Bishop's College School or BCS is an English-language non-profit independent school, independent boarding school, boarding College-preparatory school, prep school in Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada for students in Grades 7 to 12.Thomson, Ashley; Laf ...

founded in 1836, etc.

Media

References

External links

Sherbrooke website

André Nadeau outdoor recreational centr, park in Sherbrooke
{{Authority control Cities and towns in Quebec Territories equivalent to a regional county municipality