![Ryzen3pro2100ge-ph-gerald](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/99/Ryzen3pro2100ge-ph-gerald.jpg)
Ryzen ( ) is a brand
of
multi-core x86-64
x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64, and Intel 64) is a 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set, first released in 1999. It introduced two new modes of operation, 64-bit mode and compatibility mode, along with a new 4-level paging ...
microprocessor
A microprocessor is a computer processor where the data processing logic and control is included on a single integrated circuit, or a small number of integrated circuits. The microprocessor contains the arithmetic, logic, and control circ ...
s designed and marketed by
AMD
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational semiconductor company based in Santa Clara, California, that develops computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets. While it initially manufactur ...
for desktop, mobile, server, and embedded platforms based on the
Zen microarchitecture
Zen is the codename for a family of computer processor microarchitectures from Advanced Micro Devices, AMD, first launched in February 2017 with the first generation of its Ryzen CPUs. It is used in Ryzen (desktop and mobile), Ryzen Threadripper ...
. It consists of
central processing unit
A central processing unit (CPU), also called a central processor, main processor or just Processor (computing), processor, is the electronic circuitry that executes Instruction (computing), instructions comprising a computer program. The CPU per ...
s (CPUs) marketed for mainstream, enthusiast, server, and workstation segments and
accelerated processing units (APUs) marketed for mainstream and entry-level segments and
embedded system
An embedded system is a computer system—a combination of a computer processor, computer memory, and input/output peripheral devices—that has a dedicated function within a larger mechanical or electronic system. It is ''embedded'' ...
s applications.
AMD announced a new series of processors on December 13, 2016, named "Ryzen", and delivered them in Q1 2017,
the first of several generations. The 1000 series featured up to eight cores and 16 threads, with a 52%
instructions per cycle
In computer architecture, instructions per cycle (IPC), commonly called instructions per clock is one aspect of a processor's performance: the average number of instructions executed for each clock cycle. It is the multiplicative inverse of c ...
(IPC) increase over their prior CPU products.
The second generation of Ryzen processors, the Ryzen 2000 series, released in April 2018, featured the
Zen+
Zen ( zh, t=禪, p=Chán; ja, text= 禅, translit=zen; ko, text=선, translit=Seon; vi, text=Thiền) is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty, known as the Chan School (''Chánzong'' 禪宗), and ...
microarchitecture, a
12 nm
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number representing a single or the only entity. 1 is also a numerical digit and represents a single unit of counting or measurement. For example, a line segment of ''unit length'' is a line segment of length 1 ...
process (
GlobalFoundries
GlobalFoundries Inc. (GF or GloFo) is a multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company incorporated in the Cayman Islands and headquartered in Malta, New York. Created by the divestiture of the manufacturing arm of AMD, ...
); the aggregate performance increased 10% (of which approximately 3% was IPC, 6% was frequency); most importantly, Zen+ fixed the cache and memory latencies that had been major weak points (for latency-sensitive workloads, IPC gains of nearly ≈10%). The third generation of Ryzen processors launched on July 7, 2019 based on AMD's
Zen 2
Zen 2 is a computer processor microarchitecture by AMD. It is the successor of AMD's Zen and Zen+ microarchitectures, and is fabricated on the 7 nanometer MOSFET node from TSMC. The microarchitecture powers the third generation of Ryzen proce ...
architecture, featuring significant design improvements with a 15% average IPC boost, a doubling of floating point capability to a full 256 bit wide execution datapath much like Intel's
Haswell released in 2014, a shift to an
MCM style "chiplet" based package design, and a further shrink to Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company's (
TSMC
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited (TSMC; also called Taiwan Semiconductor) is a Taiwanese multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company. It is the world's most valuable semiconductor company, the world' ...
)
7 nm
In semiconductor manufacturing, the International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors defines the 7 nm process as the MOSFET technology node following the 10 nm node. It is based on FinFET (fin field-effect transistor) technology, ...
fabrication process. On June 16, 2020, AMD announced new Ryzen 3000 series XT processors with 100 MHz higher boost clocks versus non XT processors. On October 8, 2020, AMD announced the Zen 3 architecture for their Ryzen 5000 series processors, featuring a 19%
instructions per cycle
In computer architecture, instructions per cycle (IPC), commonly called instructions per clock is one aspect of a processor's performance: the average number of instructions executed for each clock cycle. It is the multiplicative inverse of c ...
(IPC) improvement over Zen 2, while being built on the same 7 nm TSMC node with out-of-the-box operating boost frequencies exceeding 5 GHz for the first time since AMD's Piledriver. With the launch of Zen 3 via the Ryzen 5000 series, AMD took the lead in gaming performance over Intel, particularly with single-threaded performance.
This was followed by an unusually short stop-gap release of Ryzen 6000 mobile-only series processors on January 4th 2022, using the modestly changed Zen3+ core on a 6nm process by TSMC, with claims up to 15% performance uplift (typical 10% performance) gains (stated to be from frequency rather than IPC). Following this, the Ryzen 7000 series released on September 27th 2022 for desktops, featuring the new Zen4 core with a 13% uplift in IPC and 15% increase in frequency for a claimed nearly 30% in single thread performance. The Ryzen 7000 series features a brand new AM5 socket that only supports
DDR5 SDRAM, unlike AMD's previous DDR3 sockets like AM2/+ and AM3/+ that offered DDR2 and DDR3 options and Intel's Alder Lake platforms that offer both DDR4 and DDR5 compatibility.
A majority of AMD's consumer Ryzen products use the
Socket AM4
Socket AM4 is a PGA microprocessor socket used by AMD's central processing units (CPUs) built on the Zen (including Zen+, Zen 2 and Zen 3) and Excavator microarchitectures.
''AM4'' was launched in September 2016 and was designed to replace the ...
platform. In August 2017, AMD launched their Ryzen Threadripper line aimed at the enthusiast workstation market. AMD Ryzen Threadripper uses the larger
TR4,
sTRX4, and
sWRX8 sockets, which support additional memory channels and
PCI Express lanes. AMD plans to move to the new
Socket AM5
Socket AM5 (LGA 1718) is a zero insertion force flip-chip land grid array (LGA) CPU socket designed by Advanced Micro Devices, that is used for AMD Ryzen microprocessors starting with the Zen 4 microarchitecture. AM5 replaces the Socket AM4 and ...
platform for consumer desktop Ryzen with the release of
Zen 4
Zen 4 is the codename for a CPU microarchitecture by AMD, released on September 27, 2022. It is the successor to Zen 3 and uses TSMC's N5 process for CCDs. Zen 4 powers Ryzen 7000 mainstream desktop processors (codenamed "Raphael") and wil ...
products in late 2022.
History
Ryzen uses the "Zen" CPU microarchitecture, a complete original redesign by AMD that returned it to the high-end CPU market after a decade of near-total absence since 2006. AMD's primary competitor
Intel
Intel Corporation is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California. It is the world's largest semiconductor chip manufacturer by revenue, and is one of the developers of the x86 seri ...
had largely dominated this market segment starting from the 2006 release of their
Core microarchitecture
The Intel Core microarchitecture (provisionally referred to as Next Generation Micro-architecture, and developed as Merom) is a multi-core processor microarchitecture launched by Intel in mid-2006. It is a major evolution over the Yonah, the p ...
and the Core 2 Duo. Similarly, Intel had abandoned the
Pentium 4
Pentium 4 is a series of single-core CPUs for desktops, laptops and entry-level servers manufactured by Intel. The processors were shipped from November 20, 2000 until August 8, 2008. The production of Netburst processors was active from 200 ...
, as its
Netburst microarchitecture was uncompetitive with AMD's
Athlon XP
Athlon is the brand name applied to a series of x86-compatible microprocessors designed and manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). The original Athlon (now called Athlon Classic) was the first seventh-generation x86 processor and the fi ...
in terms of price and efficiency, and with
Athlon 64 &
64 X2 they were outcompeted. Even an upgraded version of the prior
Pentium 3
The Pentium III (marketed as Intel Pentium III Processor, informally PIII or P3) brand refers to Intel's 32-bit x86 desktop and mobile CPUs based on the sixth-generation P6 microarchitecture introduced on February 28, 1999. The brand's initial p ...
continues to underpin Intel's CPU designs to this very day.
Until Ryzen's initial launch in 2017, Intel's market dominance over AMD would only continue to increase as simultaneously with the above top-to-bottom launch of the now famous "Intel Core" CPU lineup and branding, and the successful roll out of their well known
"tick-tock" CPU release strategy. This brand new release strategy was most famous for alternating between a new CPU microarchitecture and a new fabrication node each and every year; with it becoming a release cadence Intel stuck to for almost an entire decade (specifically lasting from Intel Core's initial Q3 2006 launch with 65 nm Conroe, all the way until their 14 nm
Broadwell desktop CPUs were delayed a year from a planned 2014 launch out to Q3 2015 instead. This necessitated a refresh of their pre-existing 22 nm
Haswell CPU lineup in the form of "Devil's Canyon", and thus officially ended "tick-tock" as a practice). These events were incredibly important for AMD, as Intel's inability to further sustain "tick-tock" around 2014 would prove essential in providing both the initial and continually growing market openings for their Ryzen CPUs and the Zen CPU microarchitecture to succeed.
Also of note is the release of AMD's
Bulldozer microarchitecture in 2011, which despite being a clean sheet CPU design like Zen, had been designed and optimized for
parallel computing above all else; parallel computing was in its infancy, leading to starkly inferior real-world performance in any workload that was not highly
threaded. This caused it to be uncompetitive in primarily every area outside of raw multithread performance and its use in low power APUs with integrated
Radeon graphics. Despite a die shrink and several revisions of the Bulldozer architecture, performance and power efficiency failed to catch up with Intel's competing products. Consequently, all of this forced AMD to abandon the entire high-end CPU market (including
desktop
A desktop traditionally refers to:
* The surface of a desk (often to distinguish office appliances that fit on a desk, such as photocopiers and printers, from larger equipment covering its own area on the floor)
Desktop may refer to various compu ...
,
laptops
A laptop, laptop computer, or notebook computer is a small, portable personal computer (PC) with a screen and alphanumeric keyboard. Laptops typically have a clam shell form factor with the screen mounted on the inside of the upper li ...
, and
server
Server may refer to:
Computing
*Server (computing), a computer program or a device that provides functionality for other programs or devices, called clients
Role
* Waiting staff, those who work at a restaurant or a bar attending customers and su ...
/enterprise) until Ryzen's release in 2017.
Ryzen is the consumer-level implementation of the newer
Zen microarchitecture
Zen is the codename for a family of computer processor microarchitectures from Advanced Micro Devices, AMD, first launched in February 2017 with the first generation of its Ryzen CPUs. It is used in Ryzen (desktop and mobile), Ryzen Threadripper ...
, a complete redesign that marked the return of AMD to the high-end CPU market, offering a product stack able to compete with Intel at every level. Having more processing cores, Ryzen processors offer greater multi-threaded performance at the same price point relative to Intel's Core processors. The Zen architecture delivers more than 52% improvement in
instructions per cycle
In computer architecture, instructions per cycle (IPC), commonly called instructions per clock is one aspect of a processor's performance: the average number of instructions executed for each clock cycle. It is the multiplicative inverse of c ...
(clock) over the prior-generation Bulldozer AMD core, without raising power use.
The changes to
instruction set also makes it
binary-compatible with Intel's
Broadwell, smoothing the transition for users.
Threadripper, which is geared for high performance desktops (HEDT), was not developed as part of a business plan or a specific roadmap; instead, a small enthusiast team inside AMD saw an opportunity that something could be developed between the Ryzen and
Epyc
Epyc is a brand of multi-core x86-64 microprocessors designed and sold by AMD, based on the company's Zen microarchitecture. Introduced in June 2017, they are specifically targeted for the server and embedded system markets. Epyc processors share ...
CPU roadmaps that would put the crown of performance on AMD. After some progress was made in their spare time, the project was greenlit and put in an official roadmap by 2016.
Since the release of Ryzen, AMD's CPU market share has increased while Intel's appears to have stagnated and/or regressed.
Features
CPUs
CPU features table
APUs
APU features table
Product lineup
Ryzen 1000
CPUs
*
Socket AM4
Socket AM4 is a PGA microprocessor socket used by AMD's central processing units (CPUs) built on the Zen (including Zen+, Zen 2 and Zen 3) and Excavator microarchitectures.
''AM4'' was launched in September 2016 and was designed to replace the ...
for Ryzen and
Socket TR4
Socket TR4, also known as ''Socket SP3r2'', is a zero insertion force land grid array (LGA) CPU socket designed by AMD supporting its first- and second-generation Zen-based Ryzen Threadripper desktop processors, launched on August 10, 2017 f ...
for Ryzen Threadripper.
* Based on first generation
Zen
Zen ( zh, t=禪, p=Chán; ja, text= 禅, translit=zen; ko, text=선, translit=Seon; vi, text=Thiền) is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty, known as the Chan School (''Chánzong'' 禪宗), and ...
. Ryzen CPUs based on Summit Ridge architecture. Threadripper based on Whitehaven architecture.
* 4.8 billion
transistor
upright=1.4, gate (G), body (B), source (S) and drain (D) terminals. The gate is separated from the body by an insulating layer (pink).
A transistor is a semiconductor device used to Electronic amplifier, amplify or electronic switch, switch ...
s per 192 mm
2 8-core "Zeppelin"
die with one die being used for Ryzen and two for Ryzen Threadripper.
*
Stepping: B1
* Memory support:
**Ryzen
dual-channel
In the fields of digital electronics and computer hardware, multi-channel memory architecture is a technology that increases the data transfer rate between the DRAM memory and the memory controller by adding more channels of communication between ...
:
DDR4
Double Data Rate 4 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DDR4 SDRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory with a high bandwidth (" double data rate") interface.
Released to the market in 2014, it is a variant of dynamic ra ...
–2666 ×2 single rank, DDR4–2400 ×2 dual rank, DDR4–2133 ×4 single rank, or DDR4–1866 ×4 dual rank.
**Ryzen Threadripper
quad-channel: DDR4–2666 ×4 single rank, DDR4–2400 ×4 dual rank, DDR4–2133 ×8 single rank, or DDR4–1866 ×8 dual rank.
* Instructions Sets:
x87,
MMX,
SSE,
SSE2,
SSE3
SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions (PNI), is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 (x86) architecture. Intel introduced SSE3 in early 2004 with the Prescott revis ...
,
SSSE3
Supplemental Streaming SIMD Extensions 3 (SSSE3 or SSE3S) is a SIMD instruction set created by Intel and is the fourth iteration of the SSE technology.
History
SSSE3 was first introduced with Intel processors based on the Core microarchitectu ...
,
SSE4.1
SSE4 (Streaming SIMD Extensions 4) is a SIMD CPU instruction set used in the Intel Core microarchitecture and AMD K10 (K8L). It was announced on September 27, 2006, at the Fall 2006 Intel Developer Forum, with vague details in a white paper; mor ...
,
SSE4.2
SSE4 (Streaming SIMD Extensions 4) is a SIMD CPU instruction set used in the Intel Core (microarchitecture), Core microarchitecture and AMD K10, AMD K10 (K8L). It was announced on September 27, 2006, at the Fall 2006 Intel Developer Forum, with vag ...
,
AES,
CLMUL Carry-less Multiplication (CLMUL) is an extension to the x86 instruction set used by microprocessors from Intel and AMD which was proposed by Intel in March 2008 and made available in the Intel Westmere processors announced in early 2010. Mathema ...
,
AVX,
AVX2
Advanced Vector Extensions (AVX) are extensions to the x86 instruction set architecture for microprocessors from Intel and Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). They were proposed by Intel in March 2008 and first supported by Intel with the Sandy Bridge ...
,
FMA3
The FMA instruction set is an extension to the 128 and 256-bit Streaming SIMD Extensions instructions in the x86 microprocessor instruction set to perform fused multiply–add (FMA) operations."FMA3 and FMA4 are not instruction sets, they are i ...
,
CVT16/F16C,
ABM,
BMI1
Polycomb complex protein BMI-1 also known as polycomb group RING finger protein 4 (PCGF4) or RING finger protein 51 (RNF51) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''BMI1'' gene (B cell-specific Moloney murine leukemia virus integration ...
,
BMI2
Bit manipulation instructions sets (BMI sets) are extensions to the x86 instruction set architecture for microprocessors from Intel and AMD. The purpose of these instruction sets is to improve the speed of bit manipulation. All the instruction ...
,
SHA.
* All Ryzen-branded CPUs (except Pro variants) feature unlocked multipliers.
* AMD's SenseMI Technology monitors the processor continuously and uses Infinity Control Fabric to offer the following features:
** Pure Power reduces the entire ramp of processor voltage and clock speed, for light loads.
** Precision Boost increases the processor voltage and clock speed by 100–200 MHz if three or more cores are active (five or more, in the case of Threadripper, and by 300 MHz); and significantly further when less than three are active (less than five, in the case of Threadripper).
** XFR (eXtended Frequency Range) aims to maintain the average clock speed closer to the maximum Precision Boost, when sufficient cooling is available.
** Neural Net Prediction and Smart Prefetch use
perceptron
In machine learning, the perceptron (or McCulloch-Pitts neuron) is an algorithm for supervised learning of binary classifiers. A binary classifier is a function which can decide whether or not an input, represented by a vector of numbers, belon ...
based
neural branch prediction inside the processor to optimize instruction workflow and cache management.
* Ryzen launched in conjunction with a line of
stock coolers for Socket AM4: the Wraith Stealth, Wraith Spire and Wraith Max. This line succeeds the original AMD Wraith cooler, which was released in mid-2016. The Wraith Stealth is a bundled low-profile unit meant for the lower-end CPUs with a rating for a TDP of 65 W, whereas the Wraith Spire is the bundled mainstream cooler with a TDP rating of 95 W, along with optional RGB lighting on certain models. The Wraith Max is a larger cooler incorporating
heatpipe
A heat pipe is a heat-transfer device that employs phase transition to transfer heat between two solid interfaces.
At the hot interface of a heat pipe, a volatile liquid in contact with a thermally conductive solid surface turns into a vapor b ...
s, rated at 140 W TDP.
* In December 2019, AMD started producing first generation Ryzen products built using the second generation Zen+ architecture. An example is the Ryzen 5 1600, with new batches having an "AF" identifier instead of its usual "AE", essentially being an underbinned Ryzen 5 2600 with the same specifications as the original Ryzen 5 1600.
Ryzen 2000
CPUs
The first Ryzen 2000 CPUs, based on the 12 nm
Zen+
Zen ( zh, t=禪, p=Chán; ja, text= 禅, translit=zen; ko, text=선, translit=Seon; vi, text=Thiền) is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty, known as the Chan School (''Chánzong'' 禪宗), and ...
microarchitecture, were announced for preorder on April 13, 2018 and launched six days later.
Zen+ based Ryzen CPUs are based on Pinnacle Ridge architecture,
while Threadripper CPUs are based on the Colfax microarchitecture. The first of the 2000 series of Ryzen Threadripper products, introducing Precision Boost Overdrive technology,
followed in August. The Ryzen 7 2700X was bundled with the new Wraith Prism cooler.
APUs
= Desktop
=
In January 2018, AMD announced the first two Ryzen desktop APUs with integrated Radeon Vega graphics under the Raven Ridge codename. These were based on first generation Zen architecture. The Ryzen 3 2200G and the Ryzen 5 2400G were released in February.
= Mobile
=
In May 2017, AMD demonstrated a Ryzen mobile APU with four Zen CPU cores and Radeon
Vega
Vega is the brightest star in the northern constellation of Lyra. It has the Bayer designation α Lyrae, which is Latinised to Alpha Lyrae and abbreviated Alpha Lyr or α Lyr. This star is relatively close at only from the Sun, a ...
-based GPU. The first Ryzen mobile APUs, codenamed Raven Ridge, were officially released in October 2017.
* 4.95 billion
transistors on a 210 mm
2 die,
based on a modified 14 nm Zeppelin die where four of the cores are replaced by an integrated fifth-generation
GCN-based GPU.
* Precision Boost 2
* 16 external PCIe 3.0 lanes (four each to chipset and M.2 socket; eight to a PCIe slot). 16 internal PCIe 3.0 lanes for the integrated GPU and on-board
input/output
In computing, input/output (I/O, or informally io or IO) is the communication between an information processing system, such as a computer, and the outside world, possibly a human or another information processing system. Inputs are the signals ...
(I/O). In 2019, AMD released some new dual core Zen mobile parts branded as 300 or 3000, codenamed Dali.
= Embedded
=
Great Horned Owl
In February 2018, AMD announced the V1000 series of embedded Zen+ Vega APUs, based on the Great Horned Owl architecture, with four SKUs.
Banded Kestrel
In April 2019, AMD announced another line of embedded Zen+Vega APUs, namely the Ryzen Embedded R1000 series with two SKUs.
Ryzen 3000
CPUs
On May 27, 2019, at
Computex
COMPUTEX Taipei, or Taipei International Information Technology Show (), is a computer expo held annually in Taipei, Taiwan. Since the early 2000s, it is one of the largest computer and technology trade shows in the world.
The last COMPUTEX wa ...
in
Taipei
Taipei (), officially Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of the Republic of China (Taiwan). Located in Northern Taiwan, Taipei City is an enclave of the municipality of New Taipei City that sits about southwest of the ...
, AMD launched its third generation Ryzen processors which use AMD's
Zen 2 architecture. For this generation's microarchitectures, Ryzen uses ''Matisse'', while Threadripper uses ''Castle Peak''. The chiplet design separates the CPU cores, fabricated on
TSMC
Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company Limited (TSMC; also called Taiwan Semiconductor) is a Taiwanese multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company. It is the world's most valuable semiconductor company, the world' ...
's
7FF process, and the I/O, fabricated on
GlobalFoundries
GlobalFoundries Inc. (GF or GloFo) is a multinational semiconductor contract manufacturing and design company incorporated in the Cayman Islands and headquartered in Malta, New York. Created by the divestiture of the manufacturing arm of AMD, ...
'
12LP process, and connects them via
Infinity Fabric
HyperTransport (HT), formerly known as Lightning Data Transport, is a technology for interconnection of computer processors. It is a bidirectional serial/parallel high-bandwidth, low- latency point-to-point link that was introduced on April 2 ...
.
The Ryzen 3000 series uses the AM4 socket similar to earlier models and is the first CPU to offer
PCI Express 4.0 (PCIe) connectivity. The new architecture offers a 15% instruction-per-clock (IPC) uplift and a reduction in energy usage. Other improvements include a doubling of the L3 cache size, a re-optimized L1 instruction cache, a larger micro-operations cache, double the floating point performance, improved branch prediction, and better instruction pre-fetching.
The 6-, 8- and 12-core CPUs became generally available on July 7, 2019, and 24-core processors were launched in November.
The Ryzen Threadripper 3990X, part of Castle Peak generation of CPUs, has currently the world's largest number of both cores and threads available in - 64 and 128, respectively. The competing
Intel Core i9-10980XE processor has only 18 cores and 36 threads. Another competitor, the workstation-oriented
Intel Xeon W-3275 and W-3275M, has 28 cores, 56 threads, and cost more when launched.
The 4-, 6- and 8-core processors have one core chiplet. The 12- and 16-core processors have two core chiplets. In all cases the I/O die is the same.
The Threadripper 24- and 32-core processors have four core chiplets. The 64-core processor has eight core chiplets. All Threadripper processors use the same I/O die.
APUs
Both mobile and desktop APUs are based on the Picasso microarchitecture, a 12 nm refresh of Raven Ridge, offering a modest increase in clock speeds (up to an additional 300 MHz maximum boost), Precision Boost 2, an up to 3% increase in IPC from the move to the Zen+ core with its reduced cache and memory latencies, and newly added solder
thermal interface material A thermal interface material (shortened to TIM) is any material that is inserted between two components in order to enhance the thermal coupling between them. A common use is heat dissipation, in which the TIM is inserted between a heat-producing de ...
for the desktop parts.
= Desktop
=
= Mobile
=
In 2019, AMD first released the Ryzen 3000 APUs, consisting only of quad core parts. Then in January 2020, they announced value dual core mobile parts, codenamed Dalí, including the Ryzen 3 3250U.
Ryzen 4000
CPUs
In April 2022, AMD launched the Ryzen 4000 series of CPUs for budget-oriented users. Unlike the Ryzen 3000 series CPUs which are based on ''"Matisse"'' cores, these new Ryzen 4000 series desktop CPUs were based on ''"Renoir"'' cores and are essentially
APUs
Apus is a small constellation in the southern sky. It represents a bird-of-paradise, and its name means "without feet" in Greek because the bird-of-paradise was once wrongly believed to lack feet. First depicted on a celestial globe by Petru ...
with the
integrated graphics
A graphics processing unit (GPU) is a specialized electronic circuit designed to manipulate and alter memory to accelerate the creation of images in a frame buffer intended for output to a display device. GPUs are used in embedded systems, mobi ...
disabled.
APUs
The Ryzen 4000 APUs are based on Renoir, a refresh of the Zen 2 Matisse CPU cores, coupled with Radeon Vega GPU cores. They were released only to OEM manufacturers in mid-2020. Unlike Matisse, Renoir does not support PCIe 4.0.
Ryzen Pro 4x50G APUs are the same as 4x00G APUs, except they are bundled a Wraith Stealth cooler and are not OEM-only. It is possible this is a listing mistake, since 4x50G CPUs are unavailable on retail (as of Oct. 2020) and PRO SKUs are usually the OEM only parts.
= Desktop
=
= Mobile
=
Zen 2 APUs, based on the 7 nm Renoir microarchitecture, commercialized as Ryzen 4000.
= Embedded
=
Grey Hawk
In November 2020, AMD announced the V2000 series of embedded Zen 2 Vega APUs.
Ryzen 5000
CPUs
The desktop Ryzen 5000 series, based on the
Zen 3 microarchitecture, was announced on October 8, 2020. They use the same 7 nm manufacturing process, which has matured slightly. Mainstream Ryzen 5000 CPU cores are codenamed Vermeer. Enthusiast/workstation Threadripper 5000 CPU cores were codenamed Genesis, later renamed to Chagall.
APUs
In contrast to their CPU counterparts, the APUs consist of single dies with integrated graphics and smaller caches. The APUs, codenamed Cezanne, forgo PCIe 4.0 support to keep power consumption low.
= Desktop
=
= Mobile
=
The 5000 series includes models based on the
Zen 2
Zen 2 is a computer processor microarchitecture by AMD. It is the successor of AMD's Zen and Zen+ microarchitectures, and is fabricated on the 7 nanometer MOSFET node from TSMC. The microarchitecture powers the third generation of Ryzen proce ...
(code name Lucienne) and
Zen 3
Zen 3 is the codename for a CPU microarchitecture by AMD, released on November 5, 2020. It is the successor to Zen 2 and uses TSMC's 7 nm process for the chiplets and GlobalFoundries's 14 nm process for the I/O die on the server chips and 12 nm ...
(code name Cezanne) microarchitectures. HX models are unlocked, allowing them to be overclocked if the host device manufacturer has exposed that functionality. SMT is now standard across the lineup unlike the 4000-series Ryzen Mobile.
Ryzen 6000
APUs
=Mobile
=
At CES 2022 AMD announced the Ryzen 6000 mobile series. It is based on the
Zen 3+ (code name Rembrandt) architecture, which is Zen 3 on 6nm. Other noteworthy upgrades are RDNA2 based graphics, PCIe 4.0 and DDR5/LPDDR5 support. Ryzen PRO versions of the these processors were announced on April 19, 2022 and use a 6x50 naming scheme.
Ryzen 7000
CPUs
=Desktop
=
![AMD Ryzen 9 7900X](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a3/AMD_Ryzen_9_7900X.jpg)
In May 2022, AMD revealed its roadmap showing the Ryzen 7000 series of processors for release later that year, to be based on the
Zen 4
Zen 4 is the codename for a CPU microarchitecture by AMD, released on September 27, 2022. It is the successor to Zen 3 and uses TSMC's N5 process for CCDs. Zen 4 powers Ryzen 7000 mainstream desktop processors (codenamed "Raphael") and wil ...
architecture in 5 nm.
Included are
DDR5
Double Data Rate 5 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DDR5 SDRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory. Compared to its predecessor DDR4 SDRAM, DDR5 was planned to reduce power consumption, while doubling bandwidth. Th ...
and
PCIe 5.0 support as well as the change to the new
AM5 socket. On May 23, 2022 at AMD's
Computex
COMPUTEX Taipei, or Taipei International Information Technology Show (), is a computer expo held annually in Taipei, Taiwan. Since the early 2000s, it is one of the largest computer and technology trade shows in the world.
The last COMPUTEX wa ...
keynote, AMD officially announced the Ryzen 7000 to be released in Fall 2022, showing a 16-core CPU reaching boost speeds of 5.5 GHz and claiming a 15% increase in single-thread performance. The initial four models of the Ryzen 7000 series, ranging from Ryzen 5 to Ryzen 9, were launched on September 27, 2022.
The L2 cache per core is doubled to 1 MB from Zen 3. The I/O die has moved from a 14 nm process to 6 nm and incorporates an integrated
RDNA 2
RDNA (Radeon DNA) is a graphics processing unit (GPU) microarchitecture and accompanying instruction set architecture developed by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD). It is the successor to their Graphics Core Next (GCN) microarchitecture/instruction ...
GPU on all Ryzen 7000 models, as well as DDR5 and PCIe 5.0 support.
DDR4
Double Data Rate 4 Synchronous Dynamic Random-Access Memory (DDR4 SDRAM) is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory with a high bandwidth (" double data rate") interface.
Released to the market in 2014, it is a variant of dynamic ra ...
RAM
Ram, ram, or RAM may refer to:
Animals
* A male sheep
* Ram cichlid, a freshwater tropical fish
People
* Ram (given name)
* Ram (surname)
* Ram (director) (Ramsubramaniam), an Indian Tamil film director
* RAM (musician) (born 1974), Dutch
* ...
is not supported on Ryzen 7000. According to Gamers Nexus, AMD said that the RDNA GPU was intended for diagnostic and office purposes without using a discrete GPU and not for gaming. The operating power of AM5 is increased to 170 W from AM4's 105 W, with the absolute maximum power draw or "Power Package Tracking" (PPT) being 230 W.
Ryzen 8000
Ryzen 8000 was shown in May 2022 on AMD's Zen roadmap, to be based on the
Zen 5 architecture,
and assumed to be in 3 nm by analysts.
Initial reception
The first Ryzen 7 (1700, 1700X, and 1800X) processors debuted in early March 2017 and were generally well received by hardware reviewers. Ryzen was the first brand new architecture from AMD in five years, and without very much initial fine-tuning or optimization, it ran generally well for reviewers. Initial Ryzen chips ran well with software and games already on the market, performing exceptionally well in workstation scenarios, and well in most gaming scenarios. Compared to Piledriver-powered FX chips, Zen-powered Ryzen chips ran cooler, much faster, and used less power. IPC uplift was eventually gauged to be 52% higher than Excavator, which was two full generations ahead of the architecture still being used in AMD's FX-series desktop predecessors like the FX-8350 and FX-8370.
Though Zen fell short of Intel's
Kaby Lake
Kaby Lake is Intel's codename for its seventh generation Core microprocessor family announced on August 30, 2016. Like the preceding Skylake, Kaby Lake is produced using a 14 nanometer manufacturing process technology. Breaking with Intel's ...
in terms of IPC, and therefore single-threaded throughput, it compensated by offering more cores to applications that can use them. Power consumption and heat emission were found to be competitive with Intel, and the included Wraith coolers were generally competitive with higher-priced aftermarket units.
Ryzen 1800X's multi-threaded performance, in some cases while using
Blender
A blender (sometimes called a mixer or liquidiser in British English) is a kitchen and laboratory appliance used to mix, crush, purée or emulsify food and other substances. A stationary blender consists of a blender container with a rotating me ...
or other open-source software, was around four times the performance of the FX-8370, or nearly double that of the i7 7700K.
One reviewer found that Ryzen chips would usually outperform competing Intel i7 processors for a fraction of the price when all eight cores are used.
However, one complaint among a subset of reviewers was that Ryzen processors lagged behind their Intel counterparts when running older games, or some newer games at mainstream resolutions such as 720p or 1080p. AMD acknowledged the gaming performance deficit at low resolutions during a Reddit "Ask Me Anything" thread, where it explained that updates and patches were being developed.
Subsequent updates to ''
Ashes of the Singularity: Escalation'' and ''
Rise of the Tomb Raider
''Rise of the Tomb Raider'' is a 2015 action-adventure video game developed by Crystal Dynamics and published by Microsoft Studios and Square Enix's European subsidiary. The game is the eleventh main entry in the ''Tomb Raider'' series, the s ...
'' increased frame rates by 17–31% on Ryzen systems. In April 2017, developer
id Software
id Software LLC () is an American video game developer based in Richardson, Texas. It was founded on February 1, 1991, by four members of the computer company Softdisk: game programmer, programmers John Carmack and John Romero, game designer T ...
announced that, in the future, its games would exploit the greater parallelism available on Ryzen CPUs.
It has been suggested that low threaded applications often result in Ryzen processors being underused, yielding lower than expected benchmark scores, because Zen relies on its core count to make up for its lower
IPC rating than that of Kaby Lake. However, AMD and others have argued thread scheduling is not the fundamental issue to Windows 10 performance. Early AM4 motherboards were also hindered by BIOS bugs and poor DDR4 memory support.
Operating system support
Windows
AMD verified that computers with Ryzen CPUs can boot
Windows 7
Windows 7 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was released to manufacturing on July 22, 2009, and became generally available on October 22, 2009. It is the successor to Windows Vista, released nearly ...
and
Windows 8
Windows 8 is a major release of the Windows NT operating system developed by Microsoft. It was released to manufacturing on August 1, 2012; it was subsequently made available for download via MSDN and TechNet on August 15, 2012, and later to ...
both 64- and 32-bit but on newer hardware, including AMD Ryzen and Intel Kaby Lake and later,
Microsoft
Microsoft Corporation is an American multinational technology corporation producing computer software, consumer electronics, personal computers, and related services headquartered at the Microsoft Redmond campus located in Redmond, Washin ...
only officially supports the use of
Windows 10
Windows 10 is a major release of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system. It is the direct successor to Windows 8.1, which was released nearly two years earlier. It was released to manufacturing on July 15, 2015, and later to retail on J ...
.
Windows Update
Windows Update is a Microsoft service for the Windows 9x and Windows NT families of operating system, which automates downloading and installing Microsoft Windows software updates over the Internet. The service delivers software updates for Wind ...
blocks updates from being installed on newer systems running older versions of Windows, though that restriction can be circumvented with an unofficial patch.
Windows 11
Windows 11 is the latest major release of Microsoft's Windows NT operating system, released in October 2021. It is a free upgrade to its predecessor, Windows 10 (2015), and is available for any Windows 10 devices that meet the new Windows 11 ...
is only officially supported on Ryzen APUs and CPUs using
Zen+
Zen ( zh, t=禪, p=Chán; ja, text= 禅, translit=zen; ko, text=선, translit=Seon; vi, text=Thiền) is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty, known as the Chan School (''Chánzong'' 禪宗), and ...
architecture or newer; systems running Zen architecture-based CPUs or APUs are not entitled to receive updates.
Although AMD initially announced that Ryzen chipset drivers would not be provided for Windows 7, its chipset driver packages do in fact list and include them.
Linux
Full support for Ryzen processors' performance features in
Linux
Linux ( or ) is a family of open-source Unix-like operating systems based on the Linux kernel, an operating system kernel first released on September 17, 1991, by Linus Torvalds. Linux is typically packaged as a Linux distribution, w ...
requires
kernel
Kernel may refer to:
Computing
* Kernel (operating system), the central component of most operating systems
* Kernel (image processing), a matrix used for image convolution
* Compute kernel, in GPGPU programming
* Kernel method, in machine learn ...
version 4.10 or newer.
Known issues
Spectre
Like nearly all modern high performance microprocessors, Ryzen was susceptible to the
"Spectre" vulnerabilities. The vulnerabilities can be mitigated without hardware changes via
microcode updates and operating system workarounds, but the mitigations incur a performance penalty.
AMD Ryzen
Ryzen ( ) is a brand of multi-core x86-64 microprocessors designed and marketed by AMD for desktop, mobile, server, and embedded platforms based on the Zen microarchitecture. It consists of central processing units (CPUs) marketed for mainst ...
and
Epyc
Epyc is a brand of multi-core x86-64 microprocessors designed and sold by AMD, based on the company's Zen microarchitecture. Introduced in June 2017, they are specifically targeted for the server and embedded system markets. Epyc processors share ...
suffer up to 20% penalty from the mitigations,
depending on workload, comparing favorably with a penalty of in some benchmarks up to 30% for Intel
Core
Core or cores may refer to:
Science and technology
* Core (anatomy), everything except the appendages
* Core (manufacturing), used in casting and molding
* Core (optical fiber), the signal-carrying portion of an optical fiber
* Core, the centra ...
and
Xeon
Xeon ( ) is a brand of x86 microprocessors designed, manufactured, and marketed by Intel, targeted at the non-consumer workstation, server, and embedded system markets. It was introduced in June 1998. Xeon processors are based on the same a ...
processors, in part as a result of the AMD processors not requiring mitigation against the related
Meltdown vulnerability.
Launched in 2019, Zen 2 includes hardware mitigations against the Spectre V4 speculative store bypass vulnerability.
Segmentation fault
Some early shipments of Ryzen 1000 series processors produced
segmentation fault
In computing, a segmentation fault (often shortened to segfault) or access violation is a fault, or failure condition, raised by hardware with memory protection, notifying an operating system (OS) the software has attempted to access a restrict ...
s on some workloads on Linux, especially while compiling code with
GNU Compiler Collection
The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is an optimizing compiler produced by the GNU Project supporting various programming languages, hardware architectures and operating systems. The Free Software Foundation (FSF) distributes GCC as free softwar ...
(GCC). AMD offered to replace the affected processors with newer ones that are unaffected by the problem.
Alleged issues by CTS Labs
In early 2018, Israeli
computer security
Computer security, cybersecurity (cyber security), or information technology security (IT security) is the protection of computer systems and networks from attack by malicious actors that may result in unauthorized information disclosure, t ...
consultancy firm CTS Labs stated that they had discovered several major flaws in the Ryzen components ecosystem, publicly disclosing them after giving AMD 24 hours to respond and raising concerns and questions regarding their legitimacy, though they were later confirmed by two separate security firms. AMD has since stated that while the flaws are real and will be fixed via
microcode updates, their severity was overstated as physical access to the hardware is required to exploit the flaws.
See also
*
AMD Accelerated Processing Unit
*
List of AMD processors
This article gives a list of AMD microprocessors, sorted by generation and release year. If applicable and openly known, the designation(s) of each processor's core (versions) is (are) listed in parentheses. For an overview over concrete product, ...
*
List of AMD Athlon processors
*
List of AMD Epyc processors
*
List of AMD FX processors
*
List of AMD Opteron processors
Opteron is the name of a central processing unit (CPU) family within the AMD64 line. Designed by Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) for the server market, Opteron competed with Intel's Xeon. The Opteron family is succeeded by the Zen-based Epyc, and Ry ...
*
List of AMD Phenom processors
The AMD Phenom family is a 64-bit microprocessor family from Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), based on the K10 microarchitecture. It includes the AMD Phenom II X6 hex-core series, Phenom X4 and Phenom II X4 quad-core series, Phenom X3 and Phenom II ...
*
List of AMD Ryzen processors
References
External links
*
Ryzen 5 vs Intel Core i5
{{AMD processors
AMD x86 microprocessors
Computer-related introductions in 2017