''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'', or ''False Monarchy of Demons'', first appears as an Appendix to ''
De praestigiis daemonum
''De praestigiis daemonum'', translated as ''On the Tricks of Demons'', is a book by medical doctor Johann Weyer, also known as Wier, first published in Basel in 1563. The book argues that witchcraft does not exist and that those who claim to pr ...
'' (1577) by
Johann Weyer.
[Pseudomonarchia Daemonum (Liber officiorum spirituum); Johann Weyer, ed. Joseph Peterson; 2000. Available online a]
Esoteric Archives
/ref> An abridgment of a grimoire
A grimoire ( ) (also known as a "book of spells" or a "spellbook") is a textbook of magic, typically including instructions on how to create magical objects like talismans and amulets, how to perform magical spells, charms and divination, and ...
similar in nature to the ''Ars Goetia
''The Lesser Key of Solomon'', also known as ''Lemegeton Clavicula Salomonis'' or simply ''Lemegeton'', is an anonymous grimoire on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older.''Lemegeto ...
'' (first book of ''The Lesser Key of Solomon''), it contains a list of demons, and the appropriate hours and ritual
A ritual is a sequence of activities involving gestures, words, actions, or objects, performed according to a set sequence. Rituals may be prescribed by the traditions of a community, including a religious community. Rituals are characterized, b ...
s to conjure them.
The ''Pseudomonarchia'' predates, and differs somewhat from, ''Ars Goetia''. The ''Pseudomonarchia'' lists sixty-nine demons (in contrast to the later seventy-two), and their sequence varies, along with some of their characteristics. The demon Pruflas appears only in ''Pseudomonarchia'',[''The Lesser Key of Solomon'' add the demons ]Vassago Vassago (also ''Vasago'', ''Usagoo'') is a demon described in demonological grimoires such as the ''Lesser Key of Solomon'' and the '' Book of the Office of Spirits''.
Lesser Key of Solomon
He is the third demon in the ''Lesser Key'' (including ...
, Seere
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of ...
, Dantalion
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of t ...
, and Andromalius
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of ...
. and ''Pseudomonarchia'' does not attribute any sigil
A sigil () is a type of symbol used in magic. The term has usually referred to a pictorial signature of a deity or spirit. In modern usage, especially in the context of chaos magic, sigil refers to a symbolic representation of the practitioner ...
s to the demons.
Weyer referred to his source manuscript as ''Liber officiorum spirituum, seu Liber dictus Empto. Salomonis, de principibus et regibus daemoniorum.'' (''Book of the offices of spirits, or the book called 'Empto'. Solomon, concerning the princes and kings of demons.'')[''A Book of the Office of Spirits''; John Porter, Trans. Frederick Hockley, Ed. Colin D. Campbelll; Teitan Press, 2011. pp. xiii-xvii.] both of which appear ultimately be an elaboration on a fifteenth-century manuscript titled ''Le Livre des Esperitz
The ''Livre des Esperitz'' (or ''Book of Spirits'') is a 15th or 16th century French grimoire that inspired later works including Johann Weyer's ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' and the ''Lesser Key of Solomon''."Les who's who démonologiques de la ...
'' (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the ''Ars Goetia'').[''The Goetia of Dr Rudd''; Thomas Rudd, Ed. Stephen Skinner & David Rankine; 2007, Golden Hoard Press. pp. 14-19, 399.]
The 69 demons
# King Baël
# Duke Aguarès
Agares (also ''Agarat'', ''Agaros'', or ''Agarus'') is a demon described in demonology, demonological grimoires.
Description
Agares is described in grimoires such as the ''Livre des Esperitz'' (as Agarat), the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'', the ' ...
# President Barbas
In demonology, Marbas or Barbas is a demon described in the Ars Goetia. He is described as the Great President of Hell governing thirty-six legions of demons. He answers truly on hidden or secret things, causes and heals diseases, gives wisdom ...
# Prince/Duke Pruflas
# Marquess Amon
Amon may refer to:
Mythology
* Amun, an Ancient Egyptian deity, also known as Amon and Amon-Ra
* Aamon, a Goetic demon
People Momonym
* Amon of Judah ( 664– 640 BC), king of Judah
Given name
* Amon G. Carter (1879–1955), American pu ...
# Duke/Count Barbatos
Barbatos is the 8th spirit named among the list of 72 demons in ''The Lesser Key of Solomon''. According to grimoire tradition, he holds the rank of Duke, and (like the demon Buer) may appear when the sun is in the sign of Sagittarius. When su ...
# President Buer
# Duke Gusoyn
# Count/President Botis Botis, sometimes Otis, is a demon described in the ''Lesser Key of Solomon'' (as the seventeenth spirit) and the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' (as the ninth spirit) as a President and an Earl who initially appears as a viper before changing into a s ...
# Duke Bathym
# King Pursan
# Duke Eligos
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of t ...
# Marquess Loray
# Duke Valefor
# Count/President Morax
# Prince/Count Ipes
# President Glasya labolas
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of t ...
# Marquess Naberius
The demon Naberius was first mentioned by Johann Weyer in 1583. He is supposedly the most valiant Marquess of Hell, and has nineteen legions of demons under his command. He makes men cunning in all arts (and sciences, according to most authors), ...
# Duke Zepar
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of t ...
# King Byleth
In demonology, Beleth, also spelled Bilet, Bileth, Byleth, or Bilith, is a king of Hell who has eighty-five legions of demons under his command. He rides a pale horse, and a variety of music is heard before him, according to most authors on d ...
# Prince Sytry
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of ...
# King Paimon
Paimon is a spirit named in early grimoires. These include ''The Lesser Key of Solomon'' (in the ''Ars Goetia''), Johann Weyer's ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'', Collin de Plancy's ''Dictionnaire Infernal'', the ''Livre des Esperitz'' (as "''Poym ...
# King Bélial
# Duke Bune
Bune is a demon listed in demonological grimoires such the ''Lesser Key of Solomon''As the twenty-sixth spirit. (including Thomas Rudd's version, as Bime) Johann Weyer's ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'',As the twenty-third spirit. Jacques Collin de ...
# Marquess Forneus
# Marquess/Count Roneve
# Duke Berith
# Duke Astaroth
Astaroth (also Ashtaroth, Astarot and Asteroth), in demonology, was known to be the Great Duke of Hell in the first hierarchy with Beelzebub and Lucifer; he was part of the evil trinity. He is known to be a male figure most likely named afte ...
# President Forras
# Count Furfur
In demonology, Furfur (other spelling: Furtur, Ferthur) is a powerful Great Earl of Hell, being the ruler of twenty-six legions of demons. He is a liar unless compelled to enter a magic triangle where he gives true answers to every question, spe ...
# Marquess Marchocias
In demonology, Marchosias is a great and mighty Marquis of Hell, commanding thirty legions of demons. In the Ars Goetia, the first book of ''The Lesser Key of Solomon'' (17th century), he is depicted as a wolf with gryphon's wings and a serpent' ...
# President Malphas
# Duke Vepar
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of t ...
# Marquess Sabnac
# King Sidonay
# Prince/President Gaap
Gaap (also ''Tap'', ''Coap'', ''Taob'', ''Goap'') is a demon that is described in demonological grimoires such as ''the Lesser Key of Solomon'', Johann Weyer's ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'', and the Munich Manual of Demonic Magic, as well as Jacq ...
# Duke/Marquess Chax
# Duke Pucel
# Knight Furcas
In demonology, Furcas (also spelled Forcas) is a Knight of Hell (the rank of Knight is unique to him), and rules 20 legions of demons.
# Duke/Count Murmur
# President Caym
# Count Raum
In demonology, Raum is a Great Earl of Hell, ruling thirty legions of demons. He is depicted as a crow which adopts human form at the request of the conjurer.
Characteristics
Raum steals treasures out of kings' houses, carrying them where he ...
# Count Halphas
# Duke Focalor
# King/Count Vine
A vine (Latin ''vīnea'' "grapevine", "vineyard", from ''vīnum'' "wine") is any plant with a growth habit of trailing or scandent (that is, climbing) stems, lianas or runners. The word ''vine'' can also refer to such stems or runners themselv ...
# Count Bifrons
In ancient Roman religion and myth, Janus ( ; la, Ianvs ) is the god of beginnings, gates, transitions, time, duality, doorways, passages, frames, and endings. He is usually depicted as having two faces. The month of January is named for Janu ...
# Marquess Samigina
# King/President Zagan
# Marquess Orias
In demonology, Orias (also spelled Oriax) is a Great Marquis of Hell, and has thirty legions of demons under his command. He knows and teaches the virtues of the stars and the mansions of the planets (the influence of each planet depending on the ...
# President Volac
Valac is a demon described in the goetic grimoires ''The Lesser Key of Solomon'' (in some versions as Ualac or Valak and in Thomas Rudd's variant as Valu), Johann Weyer's ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' (as Volac), the ''Liber Officiorum Spiritu ...
# Duke Gomory
# King/Count Decarabia
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of t ...
# Duke Amduscias
# Marquess Andras
# Marquess Andrealphus
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the '' Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some o ...
# President Oze Oze may refer to:
People
* Akira Oze (born 1947), Japanese manga artist
* Hiroyuki Oze (1985–2010), Japanese baseball player
* Lajos Őze (1935–1984), Hungarian actor
Places
* Oze, Hautes-Alpes, France
* Oze National Park, Japan
* Oze River, ...
# Duke Aym
# Prince Orobas
In demonology, Orobas is a powerful Great Prince of Hell, having twenty wikt:Legion, legions of demons under his control.
He supposedly gives true answers of things past, present, divinity, and the creation of the world; he also confers dignit ...
# Duke Vapula
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of ...
# Marquess Cimeries
# President Amy
# Duke Flauros
# King Balam
# Duke Alocer
# Count Saleos
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of ...
# Duke Vuall
# President Haagenti
In demonology, Haagenti is a Great President of Hell, ruling thirty-three legions of demons. He makes men wise by instructing them in every subject, transmutes all metals into gold, and changes wine into water and water into wine.
Haagenti is d ...
# Marquess Phoenix
Phoenix most often refers to:
* Phoenix (mythology), a legendary bird from ancient Greek folklore
* Phoenix, Arizona, a city in the United States
Phoenix may also refer to:
Mythology
Greek mythological figures
* Phoenix (son of Amyntor), a ...
# Prince Stolas
See also
* List of demons in the Ars Goetia
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the ''Ars Goetia'', which differs in terms of number and ranking from the ''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum'' of Johann Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of ...
Notes
References
{{reflist
External links
''Pseudomonarchia Daemonum''
1577 books
Demonological literature
Goetia
Grimoires