The Eudaminae are a

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

of skipper butterflies (

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Hesperiidae). Their original

type genus In biological taxonomy, the type genus is the genus which defines a biological family and the root of the family name. Zoological nomenclature According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, "The name-bearing type of a nominal f ...

''Eudamus'' is today a

junior synonym The Botanical and Zoological Codes of nomenclature treat the concept of synonymy differently. * In botanical nomenclature, a synonym is a scientific name that applies to a taxon that (now) goes by a different scientific name. For example, Linna ...

of ''

Urbanus Urbain Servranckx (born 7 June 1949), better known as Urbanus, is a Belgian comedian, actor, singer and comic book writer. Although he is most famous as comedian, some of his songs became hits, such as ''Bakske vol met stro'' (1979), ''Madammen ...

''. They are largely found in the

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropics, tropical Ecoregion#Terrestrial, terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperat ...

, with some extending into temperate North America, and one genus, '' Lobocla'', endemic to East Asia. (2009):

Tree of Life Web Project The Tree of Life Web Project is an Internet project providing information about the diversity and phylogeny of life on Earth. This collaborative peer reviewed project began in 1995, and is written by biologists from around the world. The site h ...

&ndash
Eudaminae
Version of 2009-JUN-11. Retrieved 2009-DEC-24.

Taxonomy

The Eudaminae have been recent subject to significant taxonomic revisions based on genome analysis, including by Brower & Warren 2009, and Li et al. 2019. Historically, the subfamily has been included as tribe Eudamini in subfamily Pyrginae, based on perceived similarities with two of the tribes in that subfamily, the

Celaenorrhinini The Celaenorrhinini are a tribe of spread-winged skippers in the skipper butterfly subfamily Pyrginae. When the Eudaminae were still included in the Pyrginae as a tribe, their delimitation versus the Celaenorrhinini was disputed, and there were ...

and

Pyrgini The Pyrgini are a tribe in the skipper butterfly subfamily Pyrginae. Formerly, when only four tribes of Pyrginae were recognized, the Pyrgini contained the largest number of genera among these. But this overly wide delimitation has since turne ...

. As of Li et al. 2019, the Eudaminae are divided into four tribes:

Entheini The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family Hesperiidae). Their original type genus ''Eudamus'' is today a junior synonym of ''Urbanus''. They are largely found in the Neotropics, with some extending into temperate North America ...

Phocidini The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family Hesperiidae). Their original type genus ''Eudamus'' is today a junior synonym of ''Urbanus''. They are largely found in the Neotropics, with some extending into temperate North Ameri ...

Eudamini The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family (biology), family Hesperiidae). Their original biological type, type genus ''Eudamus'' is today a junior synonym of ''Urbanus (genus), Urbanus''. They are largely found in the Neotropic ...

and Oileidini.

Current status and subdivisions

Except where otherwise noted, the classification below follows Li et al., 2019:

Tribe Entheini

*'' Drephalys'' Watson, 1893 *'' Udranomia'' A. Butler, 1870 *'' Phanus'' Hübner,

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/small> *'' Hyalothyrus'' Mabille, 1878 *'' Entheus'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Augiades'' Hübner,

/small> *''

Tarsoctenus ''Tarsoctenus'' is a genus of Neotropical butterflies in the family Hesperiidae, in which it is placed in tribe Entheini. Species *'' Tarsoctenus corytus'' (Cramer, 777 Suriname to Colombia, Brazil (Amazonas) **''T. corytus corytus'' Suriname ...

'' E. Watson, 1893

Tribe Phocidini

*''

Phocides ''Phocides'' is a genus of butterflies in the skipper family, Hesperiidae, in which it is placed in tribe Phocidini, of which it is the namesake genus. The distribution of the genus is primarily Neotropical, but a few species occur in the Near ...

'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Pseudonascus'' Austin, 2008 *'' Nascus'' E. Watson, 1893 *''

Aurina ''Aurina'' is a genus of skippers in the family Hesperiidae, in which it is placed in tribe Phocidini. Taxonomy Previously considered monotypic In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately su ...

'' Evans, 1937 *'' Emmelus'' O. Mielke & Casagrande , 2016 *'' Porphyrogenes'' E. Watson, 1893 *'' Nicephellus'' Austin, 2008 *'' Salatis'' Evans, 1952 *'' Salantoia'' Grishin, 2019 *'' Sarmientoia'' Berg, 1897 *'' Bungalotis'' E. Watson, 1893 *'' Euriphellus'' Austin, 2008 *'' Dyscophellus'' Godman & Salvin, 1893 *'' Phareas'' Westwood, 1852 *'' Ornilius'' Grishin, 2022 *'' Fulvatis'' Grishin, 2022 *''

Adina ADINA is a commercial engineering simulation software program that is developed and distributed worldwide by ADINA R & D, Inc. The company was founded in 1986 by Dr. Klaus-Jürgen Bathe, and is headquartered in Watertown, Massachusetts, United St ...

'' Grishin, 2022

Tribe Eudamini

Subtribe Eudamina

*'' Cecropterus'' Herrich-Schäffer, 1869 *'' Spicauda'' Grishin, 2019 *''

'' Hübner,

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/small> *''

Telegonus Telegonus (; Ancient Greek: Τηλέγονος means "born afar") is the name shared by three different characters in Greek mythology. * Telegonus, a king of Egypt who was sometimes said to have married the nymph Io. * Telegonus, a Thracian son ...

'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Autochton'' Hübner, 1823 *''

Spathilepia ''Spathilepia'' is a butterfly genus in the family Hesperiidae (Eudaminae). The genus is monotypic containing the single species ''Spathilepia clonius'' found in Texas, Central America and Colombia to Brazil and Argentina. They are native to Mexi ...

'' A. Butler, 1870 *'' Astraptes'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Narcosius'' Steinhauser, 1986 *'' Proteides'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Epargyreus'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Chioides'' Lindsey, 1921

Subtribe Loboclina

*''

Aguna An ''agunah'' ( he, עגונה, plural: agunot (); literally "anchored" or "chained") is a Jewish woman who is stuck in her religious marriage as determined by ''halakha'' (Jewish law). The classic case of this is a man who has left on a journey ...

'' R. Williams, 1927 *'' Zeutus'' Grishin, 2019 *'' Lobocla'' Moore, 1884 *'' Lobotractus'' Grishin, 2019 *'' Codatractus'' Lindsey, 1921 *'' Zestusa'' Lindsey, 1925 *'' Ridens'' Evans, 1952 *'' Venada'' Evans, 1952

Subtribe Cephisina

*'' Cephise'' Evans, 1952

Subtribe Telemiadina

*'' Ectomis'' Mabille, 1878 *'' Telemiades'' Hübner,

/small> *'' Polygonus'' Hübner,

825 __NOTOC__ Year 825 ( DCCCXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. Events By place India * A group of Persio-Assyrian adherents of the Church of the East, under the leade ...

/small>

Tribe Oileidini

Subtribe Oileidina

*'' Flattoides'' Grishin, 2019 *''

Oileides ''Oileides'' is a genus of Neotropical spread-winged skippers in the family Hesperiidae. Species The following species are recognised in the genus ''Oileides'': *'' Oileides fenestratus '' (Gmelin, 790 - French Guiana *'' Oileides guyanensis'' ...

'' Hübner,

/small>

Subtribe Typhedanina

*'' Typhedanus'' A. Butler, 1870 *'' Oechydrus'' E. Watson, 1893 *'' Cogia'' A. Butler, 1870 *'' Nerula'' Mabille, 1888 *'' Marela'' Mabille, 1903

Footnotes and references

Butterfly subfamilies Taxa named by Paul Mabille {{Hesperiidae-stub