The is a brand of automobile originally produced by the

Prince Motor Company The Prince Motor Company (Japanese: ) was an automobile marque from Japan which eventually merged into Nissan in 1966. It began as the Tachikawa Aircraft Company, a manufacturer of various airplanes for the Japanese Army in World War II, e.g. ...

starting in 1957, and then by

Nissan , trade name, trading as Nissan Motor Corporation and often shortened to Nissan, is a Japanese multinational corporation, multinational Automotive industry, automobile manufacturer headquartered in Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan. The company sells ...

after the two companies merged in 1967. After the merger, the Skyline and its larger counterpart, the

Nissan Gloria The Gloria ( ja, 日産・グロリア) is a large luxury car made from 1959 by the Prince Motor Company, and later by Nissan Motors since its merger with the former - hence being originally marketed as Prince Gloria and later as Nissan Gloria. ...

, were sold in Japan at dealership sales channels called '' Nissan Prince Shop''. The Skyline was largely designed and engineered by

Shinichiro Sakurai was a Japanese engineer inducted into the Japan Automotive Hall of FameThe ...

from inception, and he remained a chief influence of the car until his death in 2011. Skylines are available in either

coupé A coupe or coupé (, ) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and two doors. The term ''coupé'' was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past parti ...

, or sedan body styles, plus

station wagon A station wagon ( US, also wagon) or estate car ( UK, also estate), is an automotive body-style variant of a sedan/saloon with its roof extended rearward over a shared passenger/cargo volume with access at the back via a third or fifth door ( ...

crossover Crossover may refer to: Entertainment Albums and songs * ''Cross Over'' (Dan Peek album) * ''Crossover'' (Dirty Rotten Imbeciles album), 1987 * ''Crossover'' (Intrigue album) * ''Crossover'' (Hitomi Shimatani album) * ''Crossover'' (Yoshino ...

convertible A convertible or cabriolet () is a passenger car that can be driven with or without a roof in place. The methods of retracting and storing the roof vary among eras and manufacturers. A convertible car's design allows an open-air driving expe ...

and pickup/

sedan delivery A panel van, also known as a blind van, car-derived van (United Kingdom) or sedan delivery (United States), is a small cargo vehicle with a passenger car chassis, typically with a single front bench seat and no side windows behind the B-pillar. ...

body styles. The later models are most commonly known by their trademark round brake and tail lights. While not distributed in the United States until its importation as the

Infiniti G The Infiniti G Line is a series of compact executive cars produced by Infiniti, a luxury division of Nissan, for the 1991–1996 and 1999–2016 model years. The first two generations of the Infiniti G (P10 and P11) were sedans based on the Niss ...

, the Skyline's prominence (particularly for the GT-R variant) in video games, movies and magazines resulted in many such cars being

imported An import is the receiving country in an export from the sending country. Importation and exportation are the defining financial transactions of international trade. In international trade, the importation and exportation of goods are limited ...

there, and makes up a large amount of second-hand Japanese car imports to Europe and North America. The majority of Skyline models are

rear-wheel drive Rear-wheel drive (RWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the rear wheels only. Until the late 20th century, rear-wheel drive was the most common configuration for cars. Most rear-wheel ...

, with

all-wheel drive An all-wheel drive vehicle (AWD vehicle) is one with a powertrain capable of providing power to all its wheels, whether full-time or on-demand. The most common forms of all-wheel drive are: ;1x1 : All unicycles Reflecting one axle with one w ...

being available since the eighth-generation's debut. The eleventh-generation Skyline (V35) was another major turning point for the nameplate, as it dropped some of the previous generation Skyline's trademark characteristics such as the

straight-six engine The straight-six engine (also referred to as an inline-six engine; abbreviated I6 or L6) is a piston engine with six cylinders arranged in a straight line along the crankshaft. A straight-six engine has perfect primary and secondary engine bala ...

(replaced with a V6) and

turbocharging In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to pro ...

(reintroduced in the thirteenth-generation/V37 model), and eventually separated the GT-R into its own line. Nissan decided to retain the Skyline for the luxury-sport market segment, while its platform-mate, the 350Z, revived the Z line of pure sports cars. The V35 was the first Skyline made for export to North America, being sold under Nissan's luxury marque

Infiniti is the luxury vehicle division of the Japanese automaker Nissan. Infiniti officially started selling vehicles on November 8, 1989, in North America. The marketing network for Infiniti-branded vehicles included dealers in over 50 countries in ...

as the G35 in 2002. The Skyline (V36/J50) is sold in Europe, North America, South Korea, Taiwan, and the Middle East as the Infiniti G37 and EX respectively. On April 12, 2010 a Guinness Book of Records event took place with 225 Skylines taking part in a parade lap at the ISTS at

Silverstone Silverstone is a village and civil parish in Northamptonshire, England. It is about from Towcester on the former A43 main road, from the M1 motorway junction 15A and about from the M40 motorway junction 10, Northampton, Milton Keynes and B ...

UK, which produced two world records: the most recorded Skylines at one meet at one time, and most Skylines on a track at the same time. NISSAN SKYLINE logo

First generation (Prince Skyline ALSI/BLSI/S21/R21/BLRA-3; 1957)

ALSI-1 series

The first Skyline was introduced on April 24, 1957, at the Takarazuka Theater, in

Hibiya is a colloquial name for a neighborhood of Chiyoda Ward in Tokyo. The area along Hibiya Street ( National Route 1) from Yūrakuchō to Uchisaiwaichō is generally considered Hibiya district. Administratively, it is part of the Yūrakuchō dist ...

, Tokyo, for

Fuji Precision Industries The Prince Motor Company ( Japanese: ) was an automobile marque from Japan which eventually merged into Nissan in 1966. It began as the Tachikawa Aircraft Company, a manufacturer of various airplanes for the Japanese Army in World War II, e.g. ...

, marketed as a

luxury car A luxury car is a car that provides increased levels of comfort, equipment, amenities, quality, performance, and associated status compared to moderately priced cars. The term is subjective and reflects both the qualities of the car and the ...

. It featured a 1.5 L (1,482 cc) '' GA-30'' engine (also known as FG4A-30) producing 44 kW (60 hp) at 4,400 rpm, which was previously used in the prototype

Subaru 1500 The Subaru 1500 is the first car built by Fuji Heavy Industries, with the development code-name of P1. The prototype used a monocoque body structure and adopting the " ponton" style appearance, with an independent front wishbone suspension and a ...

, Subaru's first car. It used a

de Dion tube De Dion rear axle A de Dion tube is a form of non-independent automobile suspension. It is a considerable improvement over the swing axle, Hotchkiss drive, or live axle. Because it plays no part in transmitting power to the drive wheels, it is ...

rear suspension and was capable of . The car weighed around . Skylines were produced as four-door sedans and five-door

s. Two models were available: the ALSIS-1 standard and the ALSID-1 Deluxe. The ALSI-1's appearance seems to be influenced by 1950s American cars (the front end was similar to the

1957 Chevrolet The 1957 Chevrolet is a car that was introduced by Chevrolet in September 1956 for the 1957 model year. It was available in three series models: the upscale Bel Air, the mid-range Two-Ten, and the One-Fifty. A two-door station wagon, the N ...

); the car featured rear tail fins, chrome molding and two-tone paint.

ALSIS-1

The ALSIS-1 standard model featured a grille with a large center bar with 6 vertical slats above it. The side strips ran straight from the rear of the car to the front doors, where it dipped into a V-shape, widening and kicked upwards until it hit the front of the car. The side badge said "Skyline".

ALSID-1 Deluxe

The ALSID-1 Deluxe featured a different grille compared to the standard model. The large center bar was absent and instead a pair of fog lights are mounted just inside of the front turn signals. Between the fog lights "PRINCE" is spelled out in individual gold letters. A painted side strip, surrounded by a chrome strip ran horizontally the length of the car, widening from front to back. On this side strip was the side badge, which said "Skyline Deluxe". The Skyline also spawned the ALPE double cab

pickup truck A pickup truck or pickup is a light-duty truck that has an enclosed cabin, and a back end made up of a cargo bed that is enclosed by three low walls with no roof (this cargo bed back end sometimes consists of a tailgate and removable covering) ...

and the ALVE delivery van, both marketed as the

Skyway A skyway, skybridge, skywalk, or sky walkway is an elevated type of pedway connecting two or more buildings in an urban area, or connecting elevated points within mountainous recreational zones. Urban skyways very often take the form of enclos ...

ALSI-2 series

The ALSI-2 series was released in October 1959 and was nearly identical to the ALSI-1 series except for the engine. Higher quality fuel allowed for an increase in compression and a power increase to . This new engine was designated the FG4A-40 (this engine was also known as the GA-4). The ALSI-2-1 series was released in February 1960. The Deluxe, along with the commercial variants, were updated with quad headlights (the standard model retained the twin headlights). The side strip design was changed on standard models; the V-shape in the side strip was moved from the front doors to the rear doors. On Deluxe models the side strip design remained the same. The standard model gained quad headlights in September 1960 with the release of the ALSI-2-2 series.

BLSI-3 series

The BLSI-3 series was released in May 1961. The 1500 engine used in the ALSID Deluxe was dropped and instead used the 1.9L GB-4 (also known as FG4B-40) OHV four-cylinder engine from the Gloria. The BLSI series was otherwise identical to the ALSI series, except for a "1900" badge on the side. The standard model received the new engine in October 1961. Commercial variants remained available, also equipped with the new engine.

S21 series

The S21 series was released in September 1962. It was in production until November 1963. The front end was redesigned in an attempt to update the look of the car. The result was rather unsuccessful as the car now looked like a 1950s body with a 1960s front end. The S21 continued to use the 1.9L GB-4 engine. The 3-door van was dropped and replaced with a 5-door station wagon; a double cab pickup truck remained available.

BLRA-3 Skyline Sport

The S21 Deluxe-based Skyline Sport featured hand-built Michelotti bodies in stylish

coupe A coupe or coupé (, ) is a passenger car with a sloping or truncated rear roofline and two doors. The term ''coupé'' was first applied to horse-drawn carriages for two passengers without rear-facing seats. It comes from the French past parti ...

and

versions. These cars used the 1.9 L ''

GB-4 GB-4 (Glide Bomb No.4) was a precision guided munition developed by the United States during World War II. GB-4s used a television guidance system with the weapon being steered by a TV bombardier operating a joystick in the launch aircraft. The ...

'' engine from the S21D. While only a few hundred were built, Prince Motors had a very aggressive product placement group and they can be seen (along the company's mainstream models) in many

Toho is a Japanese film, theatre production and distribution company. It has its headquarters in Chiyoda, Tokyo, and is one of the core companies of the Osaka-based Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group. Outside of Japan, it is best known as the producer an ...

films of the early 1960s. The canted headlights reflected a similar appearance on the late 1950s through early 1960s

Lincoln Continental The Lincoln Continental is a series of mid-sized and full-sized luxury cars produced by Lincoln, a division of the American automaker Ford Motor Company. The model line was introduced following the construction of a personal vehicle for Edse ...

Buick Buick () is a division of the American automobile manufacturer General Motors (GM). Started by automotive pioneer David Dunbar Buick in 1899, it was among the first American marques of automobiles, and was the company that established General ...

, and

Chrysler 300 The Chrysler 300 is a full-size luxury car manufactured and marketed by Stellantis North America (and its predecessor companies) as a four-door sedan and station wagon in its first generation (model years 2005–2010) and solely as a four-do ...

. The appearance is similar to the 1960s

Lancia Flavia The Lancia Flavia (Tipo 815/819/820) is an executive car produced by Lancia in Italy from 1961 to 1971. Production continued as the Lancia 2000 from 1971 to 1975. The Flavia was launched with a 1,500 cc engine at the Turin Motor Show#1960, ...

and

Triumph Vitesse The Triumph Vitesse is a compact six-cylinder car built by Standard-Triumph from May 1962 - July 1971. The car was styled by Giovanni Michelotti, and was available in saloon and convertible variants. The Vitesse name was first used by Austin ...

as Michelotti did contribute to Lancia vehicles during this time; Giugiaro's design of the short-lived Gordon Keeble GT was similarly influenced. Being the first sports-focused model, the Skyline Sport foreshadowed the

Skyline GT-R A skyline is the outline or shape viewed near the horizon. It can be created by a city’s overall structure, or by human intervention in a rural setting, or in nature that is formed where the sky meets buildings or the land. City skylines ...

sub-range. File:Prince Skyline ALSI-1 002.jpg, Prince Skyline ALSID-1 File:Prince Skyline ALSI-2.jpg, Prince Skyline ALSID-2 File:Prince-SkylineALSI2rear.JPG, Prince Skyline ALSI-2 File:Prince-SkylineSuper.JPG, Prince Skyline Super S21 File:1962 Prince Skyline Sport Coupe.jpg, Prince Skyline Sport Coupe BLRA-3 File:1962 Prince Skyline Sport Coupe rear.jpg, Prince Skyline Sport Coupe BLRA-3 File:1962 Prince Skyline Sport Coupe interior.jpg, Prince Skyline Sport Coupe interior File:Skyline sport.jpg, Prince Skyline Sport Convertible BLRA-3

Second generation (Prince Skyline S50/S54/S56/S57/V51/W50; 1963)

S50

In 1961

changed its name to

(for the second time). Two years later, in September 1963, the S50 Skyline Deluxe (S50D-1) was launched, ''Car Archives Vol. 1'', p. 19 followed by the Skyline Standard (S50S-1) in April 1964. This was the second generation car, and became one of the more desirable cars in Japan. It was powered by the '' G-1'' engine, a 68 hp or version of the old GA-4. The S50 series were available with a three-speed column shift transmission, or a four-speed floor shift transmission from February 1965 (Deluxe only). A two-speed automatic option was added to the Deluxe in June 1966. The lower priced and equipped Standard model was added in April 1964; aiming at taxi operators and others it also lacked bumper overriders, making it 11 cm shorter. Three main models of the S50 were built: the S50-1 (1964–1966), the lightly facelifted S50-2 (1966–1967) and the S50-3 (1967–1968). These all used the same engine, with the later S57 receiving a more modern unit. Externally, the S50-1 was installed with rounded brake lights and integrated tail lights, with a centrally installed turn signal, similar in appearance to the

Ford Galaxie The Ford Galaxie is a full-sized car that was built in the United States by Ford for model years 1959 through to 1974. The name was used for the top models in Ford's full-size range from 1958 until 1961, in a marketing attempt to appeal to the e ...

of 1961. The significant appearance change from the previous generation seems to reflect a similar approach done by German company BMW in 1962 with the

New Class New class is used as a polemic term by critics of countries that followed the Soviet-type Communism to describe the privileged ruling class of bureaucrats and Communist party functionaries which arose in these states. Generally, the group known in ...

series, in deciding to build a small, affordable, performance coupe and sedan. The S50 was sold in some markets with an ''A150'' designation. In European markets (and other export markets), it was also marketed as the PMC-Mikado A150. The S50-2 was also sold as the S56SE A190D for export markets in Europe and Asia (such as in

British Hong Kong Hong Kong was a colony and later a dependent territory of the British Empire from 1841 to 1997, apart from a period of occupation under the Japanese Empire from 1941 to 1945 during the Pacific War. The colonial period began with the Briti ...

), which was equipped with the 1.9 liter D-6 OHV diesel engine. This model had trim and equipment levels similar to the S50S-2. In Europe, period testers commented on the car's compact size (more like a 1.0 than a 1.5) and its sprightly performance, in large part due to the extremely low gearing. The car's ample lighting was also noted, offering twin headlights, a bevy of warning lamps, numerous engine room light fittings, etcetera. Also lauded were the cars road manners, as evident by the six-cylinder Skyline's competition successes. File:1966 PMC A150 Deluxe 02.jpg, PMC A150 Deluxe (S50D-2) File:1966 PMC A150 Deluxe 03.jpg, Rear view of the S50-2 File:Nissan Prince Skyline 1500 Van DeLuxe V51B front view.jpg, The commercial model ''Nissan Prince Skyline 1500 Van DeLuxe V51B-2'' (known as the ''

Prince Skyway The Prince Skyway was a commercial delivery van and coupe utility produced by the Prince Motor Company from 1957 to 1967. It was based on the various Prince Skyline models of the period. In 1966, after the merger with Nissan, the V51A Skyway was ...

1500'' until October 1966). File:Prince-SkylineVan.JPG, The Standard grille version. Also applied to Japanese S50S/V51A-2 and export models S50SE/S56SE/W50AE. File:Prince-SkylineVanrear 01.JPG, Rear view of the van In August 1966, Nissan and Prince merged and the S50 also appeared with Nissan Prince Skyline badging. In October 1966, the S50-2 was introduced. This light facelift included a new grille and rectangular taillights, as well as changes to the interior, and with the addition of an extraction vent on the C-pillar. It was sold as Prince Skyline, Prince A150, or PMC A150, depending on the market. All "Prince" dealership locations were added to the existing Nissan/Datsun Japanese dealerships, while retaining the Prince name to become the '' Nissan Prince Store''. In August 1967 the S50-3 was introduced. The tail lights and front side indicators were changed to a wider rectangular shape, but otherwise the car remained identical to the S50-2 series. The S50-3 was the last Prince model to use the G-1 engine. The Deluxe trim was rebranded as the S57 series.

S54

Prince launched racing and road version of Skyline 2000GT in May 1964. It was based on the S50D-1 and used the '' G-7'' engine from the Gloria S41, though the car needed a extension to the wheelbase (all forward of the cowl) to provide space in the engine bay for the inline six. It entered the second Japanese Grand Touring II (GT-II) on 3 May 1964 and they hoped to win the race. Competing against the

Porsche 904 The Porsche 904 is an automobile which was produced by Porsche in Germany in 1964 and 1965. It was officially called Porsche Carrera GTS due to the same naming rights problem that required renaming the Porsche 901 to Porsche 911. History After ...

, the Skyline GTs managed second through to sixth places. Only 100 units S54A-1 were made for homologation purpose (92 road cars and 8 racing cars) and sold out instantly due to the success of the race vehicle. The S54A-1 was available with the standard single carburetor (G7-A) 2.0-liter inline-six engine (producing and ), 4-speed manual transmission and tachometer as standard. The triple Webber carburetors, a

LSD Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), also known colloquially as acid, is a potent psychedelic drug. Effects typically include intensified thoughts, emotions, and sensory perception. At sufficiently high dosages LSD manifests primarily mental, vi ...

, 5-speed manual transmission, sport steering wheel and oil cooler were available as additional options. In February 1965, the Prince Skyline 2000GT (S54B-2) was released to the Japanese market, followed by the less powerful 2000GT-A (S54A-2) in September on the same year and S54B-2 model was renamed to 2000GT-B. The GT-B model featured three

Weber Weber (, or ; German: ) is a surname of German origin, derived from the noun meaning " weaver". In some cases, following migration to English-speaking countries, it has been anglicised to the English surname 'Webber' or even 'Weaver'. Notable pe ...

40DCOE-18

carburetors A carburetor (also spelled carburettor) is a device used by an internal combustion engine to control and mix air and fuel entering the engine. The primary method of adding fuel to the intake air is through the venturi tube in the main meterin ...

(G7-B; producing at 5,600 rpm and at 4,400 rpm), rear

torsion bar suspension A torsion bar suspension, also known as a torsion spring suspension, is any vehicle suspension that uses a torsion bar as its main weight-bearing spring. One end of a long metal bar is attached firmly to the vehicle chassis; the opposite end termi ...

, Nardi steering wheel,

power brakes Power brakes are a system of hydraulics used to slow down or stop most motor vehicles. It uses a combination of mechanical components to multiply the force applied to the brake pedal by the driver into enough force to actuate the brakes and stop ...

and front

disc brake A disc brake is a type of brake that uses the calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a disc or a "rotor" to create friction. This action slows the rotation of a shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to hol ...

s as standard. The cheaper GT-A did not receive Nardi steering wheel, booster brakes, front disc brakes and rear wheel torque rod. Both models could get additional options such as safety belts, radio, heather, bigger fuel tank, a LSD, 5-speed close ratio manual transmission and racing suspension kits. In October 1966, the GT received mild facelift similar to S50D-2, but retained its original round taillights. This model was known as S54-3. Still with similar equipment as S54-2, except for seat belts and 5-speed manual transmission (GT-B only) that became standard. The South Australian versions both used the S54B engine, the difference was in the gearbox, the GT-A had a 4-speed gearbox, and the GT-B had the European ZF 5-speed gearbox. File:S54 Nissan Skyline 2000GT.JPG, No. 39 Prince Skyline 2000GT race car (S54R) that finished 2nd place at 1964 GT-II at

Suzuka Circuit The , more famously known as the , is a long motorsport race track located in Ino, Suzuka, Mie, Suzuka City, Mie Prefecture, Japan and operated by Honda Mobilityland, a subsidiary of Honda, Honda Motor Co, Ltd. It has a capacity of 155,000. Int ...

, driven by Yoshikazu Sunako. File:Prince Skyline GT.jpg, Prince Skyline 2000GT (S54A-1) File:1966 Nissan Prince Skyline S54 2000GT-A (28153748602).jpg, Prince Skyline 2000GT-A (S54A-2; blue "GT" emblem) File:1967 Prince Skyline S54 GT (15817364785).jpg, Nissan Prince A200GT-B (S54B-3; red "GT" emblem) File:Prince Skyline S54A-III rear.jpg, Prince Skyline 2000GT-A (S54A-3)
Unlike the regular models that changed the rear lights to rectangular shape twice, the Skyline GT retained its original round rear lights until 1968.

S57

In August 1967 Prince released the successor of the S50D-2 called the S57. It used a new engine of Prince's (designed before the merger with Nissan), the

OHC An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine where the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion cha ...

1.5 L (1,483 cc) G15. At , it was the most-powerful engine in the Japanese 1,500 cc class. The S57D was almost identical to the S50S-3 except for using different grille with a red "88" badge (for 88 PS) and an "OHC" badge above the right side reversing light. The trunk badge said "Prince" and the side badges said "Skyline 1500" or "Skyline 1500 Deluxe". There was a "NISSAN" badge of the left side of the grille as well as well as below the left side backup light. After the Prince name was dropped, the "NISSAN" badge under the backup light disappeared (the badge on the grille remained), and the "Prince" badges were replaced by "NISSAN", but the stylized "P" emblem on the hood remained.

Third generation (C10; 1968)

The C10 series of August 1968, which began its development under Prince at the company's

Ogikubo is a suburban, residential area of Tokyo in Suginami-ku, Tokyo, Suginami ward, approximately 8 km west of Shinjuku. Ogikubo has the Ogikubo Station on the East Japan Railway Company, JR Chūō Line (Rapid), the JR Chūō-Sōbu Line, the Tokyo ...

R&D centre in the suburbs of Tokyo, was marketed with a Nissan badge. By the time the C10 went on sale, the Prince nameplate had been completely phased out on cars and trucks. The dealer network selling the cars became the Prince channel of Nissan, and the marketing group stayed at the Prince headquarters in Mita instead of moving to Nissan's headquarters in

Ginza Ginza ( ; ja, 銀座 ) is a district of Chūō, Tokyo, located south of Yaesu and Kyōbashi, west of Tsukiji, east of Yūrakuchō and Uchisaiwaichō, and north of Shinbashi. It is a popular upscale shopping area of Tokyo, with numerous intern ...

. The C10 Skyline was launched with Prince's 1.5 L

'' G15'' I4 like the S57. A 1.8 L '' G18'' version was also available. A station wagon variant, known previously as the

, was offered with this generation. A hardtop coupé was introduced in October 1970. The brake- and tail-lights were modified to square units, but now included dual units for both the left and right side of the vehicle. As the Skyline was now a Nissan product, it was repositioned above the

Bluebird The bluebirds are a North American group of medium-sized, mostly insectivorous or omnivorous birds in the order of Passerines in the genus ''Sialia'' of the thrush family (Turdidae). Bluebirds are one of the few thrush genera in the Americas. ...

as a more sport-oriented sedan and coupe, while the Bluebird remained more economical. Its appearance shows some resemblance to the earlier 1961

Fiat 2300 The Fiat 2300 is a six-cylinder executive car which was produced by Italian automotive manufacturer Fiat between 1961 and 1969. The 2300 was made as saloon (styled by Dante Giacosa), estate car and coupé. The 2300 saloon is noteworthy as in 1966 ...

, designed by

Pininfarina Pininfarina S.p.A. (short for Carrozzeria Pininfarina) is an Italian car design firm and coachbuilder, with headquarters in Cambiano, Turin, Italy. The company was founded by Battista "Pinin" Farina in 1930. On 14 December 2015, the Indian mu ...

. 1968-1969 Nissan Skyline Sedan 1500 Family Deluxe rear.jpg, Pre-facelift Nissan Skyline Sedan 1500 Family Deluxe (C10) Skyline-estate.jpg, Pre-facelift Nissan Skyline estate (C10) Nissan Skyline C10 001.jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline Sedan 1500 Deluxe (C10) Nissan Skyline C10 002.jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline Sedan 1500 Deluxe (C10)

2000GT

In October 1968 the GC10 2000GT's engine power was decreased to , Nissan introduced an automatic variant in June 1970, as well as a 2-door coupe in October 1970. 1970 Nissan Skyline Sedan 2000GT.jpg, Pre-facelift Nissan Skyline 2000GT sedan (GC10) 1970 Nissan Skyline Sedan 2000GT rear.jpg, Pre-facelift Nissan Skyline 2000GT sedan (GC10) 1970-1971 Nissan Skyline Hardtop 2000GT.jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline 2000GT hardtop coupé (KGC10) 1970-1971 Nissan Skyline Hardtop 2000GT rear.jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline 2000GT hardtop coupé (KGC10) 1971 Nissan Skyline 2000GT interior.jpg, Interior

2000GT-X

In September 1971, the KGC10 2000 GT-X received a 2.0 L (1,998 cc) L20SU

instead of the Prince G-7 engine. The chassis was already designed to fit a straight six, to avoid the S54 extension problem. was available from this new engine. In March 1972 the lineup was expanded to include a four-door GT-X sedan. Skyline2000gt-x.jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-X sedan (KGC10) Nissan Skyline Hardtop C10 2000GT-X.jpg, Facelift Skyline 2000 GT-X hardtop coupé (KGC10) Nissan Skyline Hardtop C10 2000GT-X rear.jpg, Facelift Skyline 2000 GT-X hardtop coupé (KGC10) 1972 Nissan Skyline Hardtop C10 2000GT-X engine room.jpg, ''L20'' engine

GT-R

The first GT-R Skyline appeared in February 1969. Called the PGC-10 (KPGC-10 for later coupé version) internally and ''Hakosuka'' (ハコスカ) by fans. ''Hako'' (ハコ) means ''box'' in Japanese, and ''suka''（スカ） is short for ''Skyline'' (スカイライン; ''Sukairain''). It used the 2.0 L (1998 cc) '' S20'' I6. This new DOHC engine (which was designed by the former Prince engineers) produced and of torque, and was similar to the '' GR8'' engine used in the

Prince R380 The Prince R380 is a racing car built in 1965 by Prince Motor Company to compete in the Japanese Grand Prix. Following the merger of Prince Motor Company and Nissan Motors in 1966, the R380 was modified into the Nissan R380-II (also known as R380 ...

racing car. The GT-R began as a sedan, but a 2-door coupé version was debuted in October 1970 and introduced in March 1971. The cars were stripped of unnecessary equipment to be as light as possible for racing, and performed well at the track. The sedan racked up 33 victories in less than two years, and the coupé stretched this to 50 through 1972. The C10 raced against many cars including the Toyota 1600GT,

Isuzu Bellett The Isuzu Bellett is a subcompact car produced by the Japanese manufacturer Isuzu between 1963 and 1973. Designed by Isuzu, the Bellett replaced the Isuzu Hillman Minx, manufactured by Isuzu under license with the Rootes Group. The car was a ...

GTR,

Mazda Familia The , also marketed prominently as the Mazda 323, Mazda Protegé and Mazda Allegro, is a small family car that was manufactured by Mazda between 1963 and 2003. The Familia line was replaced by the Mazda3/Axela for 2004. It was marketed as the '' ...

(R100) &

Capella Capella is the brightest star in the northern constellation of Auriga. It has the Bayer designation α Aurigae, which is Latinised to Alpha Aurigae and abbreviated Alpha Aur or α Aur. Capella is the sixth-brightest star i ...

( RX-2) – even

Porsche Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG, usually shortened to Porsche (; see #Pronunciation, below), is a German automobile manufacturer specializing in high-performance sports cars, SUVs and sedans, headquartered in Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany ...

. In late 1971 the new

Mazda RX-3 The is an automobile which was produced by Mazda in Japan from 1971 to 1978. It was sold as the Mazda 808 in some export markets including Asia, Australia, and New Zealand, and as the Mazda 818 in many others - this was mostly due to Peugeot havi ...

became the GT-R's main rival. The GT-R managed a few more victories before the RX-3 ended the GT-R's winning streak. 1969 Nissan Skyline Sedan 2000GT-R.jpg, Pre-facelift Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R sedan (PGC10) Nissan SKYLINE 2Door Hard-top 2000GT-R MY1972 (1).jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R hardtop coupé (KPGC10) Nissan Skyline 2000 GTR, Model KPGC 10, 1970 (6633381811).jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R hardtop coupé (KPGC10) Models: * 1500 – 1.5 L '' G-15'' I4, 88 hp (71 kW), * 1500 – 1.5 L ''G-15'' I4, 95 hp (71 kW), * 1800 – 1.8 L '' G-18'' I4, 105 hp (78 kW), * 2000GT – 2.0 L '' L20'' I6, , * 2000GT-X – 2.0 L '' L20SU'' I6, 130 hp (96 kW), * 2000GT-R – 2.0 L '' S20'' I6, 160 hp (118 kW), * 2400GT 2.4 L – '' L24'' I6, ,

Body styles

* C-10 4-door sedan or 5-door wagon (August 1968 - September 1972) * GC-10 4-door 2000GT (October 1968 - September 1972) * PGC-10 4-door GT-R Skyline (February 1969 - September 1970) * KPGC-10 2 Door GT-R Skyline (October 1970 - September 1972) * KGC-10 2000GT 2-door (October 1970 - September 1972) * KGC-10 2000GT-X 2-door (September 1971 - September 1972) * KGC-10 2000GT-X 4-door (March 1972 - September 1972) * GLC-10 2000GT 4-door Left Hand Drive * HGLC-10 2400GT 4-door Left Hand Drive

Fourth generation (C110; 1972)

The C110 generation was produced from September 1972 through August 1977. For export in the 1970s, the C110 and GC110 Skyline was sold as the

Datsun Datsun (, ) was an automobile brand owned by Nissan. Datsun's original production run began in 1931. From 1958 to 1986, only vehicles exported by Nissan were identified as Datsun. Nissan phased out the Datsun brand in March 1986, but relaunche ...

K-series, with models such as the Datsun 160K, 180K and Datsun 240K. The body styles were, once again, four-door sedan, two-door hardtop coupé, and five-door station wagon. The C110 was more fussy in its styling than its predecessor, particularly so in wagon form, where unusually for a wagon design, no windows were fitted between the C and D pillars. Its appearance seems to be influenced by the 1970–1975

Citroën SM The Citroën SM is a high-performance coupé produced by the French manufacturer Citroën from 1970 to 1975. The SM placed third in the 1971 European Car of the Year contest, trailing its stablemate Citroën GS, and won the 1972 ''Motor Tre ...

. The C110 was the first version to return to the round rear tail and brake lights introduced in 1963 albeit with dual units from the previous generation, and the appearance has become a traditional Skyline feature. The styling also influenced a smaller, more affordable two-door coupe, called the

Silvia Silvia () is a female given name of Latin origin, with a male equivalent Silvio and English-language cognate Sylvia. The name originates from the Latin word for forest, ''Silva'', and its meaning is "spirit of the wood"; the mythological god of ...

, introduced in 1975. Nissan introduced its emission control technology, primarily consisting of

fuel injection Fuel injection is the introduction of fuel in an internal combustion engine, most commonly automotive engines, by the means of an injector. This article focuses on fuel injection in reciprocating piston and Wankel rotary engines. All comp ...

on trim packages ending with an "E", using the moniker Nissan NAPS also in 1975. In February 1976, the model was facelifted and became C111 model. The C110 Skyline was better known as the "Ken & Mary" or "Kenmeri" (ケンメリ) Skyline, stemming from th
advertisement campaign
in Japan at the time which featured a young couple (Ken and Mary) who relaxed and enjoyed the countryside in ''Ken and Mary's Skyline'' (ケンとメリーのスカイライン). The ads were highly successful and perhaps as a result the C110 was sold in very large numbers in Japan. Kenmeri was also a play on the term "Meriken" (メリケン) an old Japanese slang term for "American" due to the new Skyline's resemblance of American muscle cars of the time. It sold just as well in Australia (in a 2.4L 6-cylinder form, badged as "Datsun 240K"). There, the 240K was about the same price as a

Ford Falcon Ford Falcon is an automobile nameplate applied to several vehicles worldwide. * Ford Falcon (North America), an automobile produced by Ford from 1960 to 1970. * Ford Falcon (Argentina), a car built by Ford Argentina from 1962 until 1991. * Fo ...

GT or

BMW 5 Series The BMW 5 Series is an executive car manufactured and marketed by BMW since 1972, succeeding the New Class Sedans, and currently in its seventh generation. The 5 Series was initially available as a sedan, with a wagon/estate body style (market ...

, around

AUD The Australian dollar (sign: $; code: AUD) is the currency of Australia, including its external territories: Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Norfolk Island. It is officially used as currency by three independent Pacific Island s ...

$5000. Nissan-Skyline1800GLrear.JPG, Facelift Nissan Skyline 1800 GL sedan (HC111) 1973 Nissan Skyline 2000GT.jpg, Pre-facelift Nissan Skyline 2000 GT hardtop (KGC110) 1973 Nissan Skyline 2000GT rear.jpg, Pre-facelift Nissan Skyline 2000 GT hardtop (KGC110) Nissan Skyline C111 2000 GTX-E 001.jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline 2000 GTX-E hardtop (KGC111) Nissan Skyline C111 2000 GTX-E 002.jpg, Facelift Nissan Skyline 2000 GTX-E hardtop (KGC111) 1973 Datsun 240K GL Coupe (28200780191).jpg, Datsun 240K GL coupe (KHLGC110, Australia) 1973 Datsun 240K GL Saloon (37367440672).jpg, Datsun 240K GL sedan (HLGC110, Australia)

GT-R

The Skyline GT-R hardtop arrived in September 1972 but only lasted until March 1973, when Nissan ceased its production. The oil crisis saw many people preferring economy cars and high-performance sports cars were looked down upon. Nissan pulled out of Motor Racing, so there was no purpose to the GT-R. It was not officially exported anywhere, although Nissan contemplated exporting to Australia. Only 197 KPGC110 GT-Rs were ever sold in Japan, through specialist Nissan Performance shops (before it was called NISMO). This was the last GT-R for 16 years until the BNR32 in 1989. GT-RC110.jpg, Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R (KPGC110) Nissan SKYLINE 2000GT-R MY1973 (3).jpg, Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R (KPGC110)

Models

* 1600/160K – 1.6 L '' G16'' I4 ** / * 1800/180K – 1.8 L '' G18'' I4 ** / * 2000GT – 2.0 L '' L20A'' I6 ** / (single carburetor regular gasoline) ** / (single carburetor high octane gasoline) * 2000GT-X – 2.0 L '' L20A'' I6 ** / (dual carburetors regular gasoline) ** / (dual carburetors high octane gasoline) * 2000GT-E/GTX-E – 2.0 L '' L20E'' I6 (fuel injected) ** / * 2000GT-R – 2.0 L '' S20'' I6 ** / (regular gasoline) ** / (high octane gasoline) * 240K – 2.4 L '' L24'' I6 ** / (1975–1978 European model) ** /

Body styles

*Sedan **C110/1HC110 - Pre-facelift 1.6L sedan **BC111 - Facelift 1.6L sedan **PC110/1PC110 - Pre-facelift 1.8L sedan **HC111 - Facelift 1.8L sedan **GC110/1GC110 - Pre-facelift 2.0L sedan **GC111 - Facelift 2.0L sedan **HGC110 - Datsun 240K sedan *Hardtop **KC110/1KBC110 - Pre-facelift 1.6L hardtop **KBC111 - Facelift 1.6L hardtop **KPC110/1KHC110 - Pre-facelift 1.8L hardtop **KHC111 - Facelift 1.8L hardtop **KGC110/1KGC110 - Pre-facelift 2.0L hardtop **KGC111 - Facelift 2.0L hardtop **KPGC110 - 2000GT-R **KHGC110 - Datsun 240K hardtop *Wagon/Van: **VC110/1VBC110 - 1.6L van **VPC110 - 1.8L van **WPC110 - 1.8L wagon

Fifth generation (C210; 1977)

The succeeding C210 series of August 1977 continued to split the Skyline range into basic four-cylinder and six-cylinder models, the latter with a longer wheelbase and front end. This line continued through August 1981. A rare variant would be the wagon version, which had a unique styling treatment behind the rear doors, of a much smaller window than usual between the C and D pillars. The Skyline received an internal and external facelift in late 1978, which led to a change of the model code from 210 to 211. This was also when the Skyline first appeared in several European export markets, such as Germany. File:Nissan Skyline (5905733822).jpg, C210 Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-EL sedan File:1980 Nissan Skyline 2000 Turbo GT-EX.jpg, C211 Nissan Skyline 2000 Turbo GT-EX File:1980 Nissan Skyline 2000 Turbo GT-EX rear.jpg, C211 Nissan Skyline 2000 Turbo GT-EX File:C210Skyline2000GT.jpg, C211 Nissan Skyline 2000 GT-EX hardtop. A replica of

Seibu Keisatsu is a television drama series produced by and broadcast on TV Asahi. Plot The series portrays the Western Police Headquarters Criminal Investigation Division's Sergeant Keisuke Daimon, played by Tetsuya Watari and his subordinates, dubbed the ...

version File:Nissan Skyline 2-door hardtop GT (C210).jpg, C210 Nissan Skyline 2000 GT hardtop File:1979 Datsun Skyline (8709893298).jpg, Rear view of Japanese four-cylinder/export model of Nissan/Datsun Skyline The GT-EX replaced the discontinued GT-R with a

turbocharged In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to pro ...

engine, the L20ET. As installed in the recently renewed

Nissan Cedric The is a large automobile produced by Nissan since 1960. It was developed to provide upscale transportation, competing with the Prince Skyline and Gloria which were later merged into the Nissan family. In later years, the Nissan Skyline was posi ...

Gloria Gloria may refer to: Arts and entertainment Music Christian liturgy and music * Gloria in excelsis Deo, the Greater Doxology, a hymn of praise * Gloria Patri, the Lesser Doxology, a short hymn of praise ** Gloria (Handel) ** Gloria (Jenkins) ...

, this had been the first turbo engine to power a Japanese production vehicle. One notable aspect of the turbo versions was that they were not

intercooled An intercooler is a heat exchanger used to cool a gas after compression. Often found in turbocharged engines, intercoolers are also used in air compressors, air conditioners, refrigeration and gas turbines. Internal combustion engines Most ...

and there was no form of

blowoff valve A blowoff valve (also called dump valve or compressor bypass valve) is a pressure release system present in most petrol turbocharger, turbocharged engines. Blowoff valves are used to reduce pressure in the intake system as the throttle is closed, ...

, only an emergency pressure release valve. As usual with Japanese cars of this period, there were four- or five-speed manuals and a three-speed automatic, with a column-shifted three-speed manual available on lower end cars and vans. The lowest powered option was the 2-liter LD20 diesel fitted to the Skyline Van 200D (VSC211D); it produces at 4600 rpm. The "T" designation on the L16T and L18T does not signify a turbocharger was included; it denotes that those engines came with twin carburetors. The L-series engines were all switched to the

cross-flow Crossflow may refer to: * Ford Crossflow, the 1967 version of the Ford Kent engine * Crossflow cylinder head * Cross-flow fan, a type of mechanical fan * Cross-flow filtration, a filtration technique * Cross-flow turbine A cross-flow turbine, B� ...

Z-series in late 1978, although the L16 soldiered on a little longer in the commercial versions. The larger 2.4-liter inline-six was never offered in the domestic Japanese market; having been reserved for export. Export engines were rated in DIN horsepower, so while a Japanese-spec L24 promised , European market cars with the same engine only claimed . On the other hand, European buyers could also get the fuel injected L24E with DIN, about on par with what the turbocharged GT-EX offered.'' Automobil Revue '80'', p. 261'' Auto Katalog 1981'', pp. 228-229 Originally marketed as the Datsun 240K-GT in Europe, the fuel injected version was sold as the Datsun Skyline in most markets where it was available. It has a claimed top speed of . In June 1980 the two-liter, fuel injected inline-four Z20E engine was added to the lineup, as was the 2.8 liter straight-six GT-Diesel with . Models: * 1600TI – 1.6 L '' L16'' I4, , * 1600TI – 1.6 L '' Z16'' I4, , * 1800TI – 1.8 L '' Z18'' I4, , - the similar L18 received a claimed DIN in European export markets. * 1800TI-EL – 1.8 L '' Z18E'' I4, , * 2000GT-EL – 2.0 L '' L20E'' I6, , * 2000GT-EX – 2.0 L '' L20ET'' turbo I6, , * Datsun 240K-GT – 2.4 L '' L24'' I6, DIN, , , 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in 13.5 s.

Sixth generation (R30; 1981)

The names were brought into line with the home Japanese and worldwide markets with the launch of the R30 series in August 1981, which was built on a C31

Laurel Laurel may refer to: Plants * Lauraceae, the laurel family * Laurel (plant), including a list of trees and plants known as laurel People * Laurel (given name), people with the given name * Laurel (surname), people with the surname * Laurel (mus ...

platform. Unlike preceding generations, four- and six-cylinder versions now shared a front end of the same length. The R30 was available as a two-door hardtop

, a four-door sedan, a five-door

Liftback A liftback is a variation of hatchback with a sloping roofline between 45 and 5 degrees. Traditional hatchback designs usually have a 90 to 46 degree slope on the tailgate or rear door. As such the liftback is essentially a hatchback with a more ...

(available only in the R30 generation), or a four-door

. In all, there were 26 variations of the R30 Skyline available. All versions with the exception of the wagon were usually fitted with the four round tail lights that had become a regular feature to the Skyline's design. The wagon had different tail lights, headlights, and no turbo or six-cylinder versions available. It more closely resembled a Nissan Sunny than a Skyline. The two-door coupé had a

hardtop A hardtop is a rigid form of automobile roof, which for modern cars is typically constructed from metal. A hardtop roof can be either fixed (i.e. not removable), Convertible#Detachable hardtop, detachable for separate storing or retractable ha ...

, pillarless design, and featured roll-down quarter windows for the rear seat passengers (a styling feature of the previous C10, C110, and C211 coupés), while four-door versions had a traditional sedan body style with framed windows. The crease that appeared over the rear wheels beginning with the second generation, referred to as the "surf line", no longer appeared starting with this generation. Various engine configurations were available, initially ranging from the top-of-the-line 103 kW SOHC 6-cylinder turbo '' L20ET'' to the 4-cylinder Z18S and 6-cylinder LD28 diesel versions at the other end of the scale. The all-new 16-valve DOHC '' FJ20'' engine debuted in late 1981, and was the first four-cylinder engine from any Japanese manufacturer to employ more than two valves per cylinder (see below). Some of the top spec models featured adjustable suspension dampers that could be adjusted while driving, this was another first for mass-produced JDM vehicles. Nissan Glorias and Laurels also used the L series engines, as well as some diesel (Laurel only) variants. The R30 range was facelifted in August 1983 with various changes across the board; for example four-wheel

disc brakes A disc brake is a type of brake that uses the calipers to squeeze pairs of pads against a disc or a "rotor" to create friction. This action slows the rotation of a shaft, such as a vehicle axle, either to reduce its rotational speed or to hol ...

were now standard issue, instead of being optional for lower-spec models. Trim specifications were revised and the 4-cylinder Z18S engine was replaced with the newer CA18E. Features included upgraded interior trim, new front and rear bumpers, door-mounted wing mirrors (replacing the old 'hockey stick' fender mirrors), and smoked tail lights. During 1983 the ''Paul Newman Version'' R30 was released to commemorate the association between Nissan and the actor

Paul Newman Paul Leonard Newman (January 26, 1925 – September 26, 2008) was an American actor, film director, race car driver, philanthropist, and entrepreneur. He was the recipient of numerous awards, including an Academy Award, a BAFTA Award, three ...

, who used to appear in promotional material, as well as race for the company during the late-1970s and early-1980s. The Newman Skyline was simply a top spec GT-ES turbo with signature embroidery and decals. Export markets also received some larger (albeit less powerful) engines, in the form of 2.4 and 2.8 liter inline-sixes with Hitachi double carburetors, producing or . The 2.8 was added in September 1982.

Australia

Nissan Australia launched the R30 sedan in November 1981, with standard air conditioning, AM/FM radio cassette stereo, digital clock, intermittent wipers, five-speed manual or optional three-speed automatic. This was fully imported from Japan. The Liftbacks were released to the market in August 1982. The facelift model launched in Australia during November 1983. Notably, configurations of the R30 sold in Australia and New Zealand were missing the traditional hotplate tail lights, instead opting for more conventional styling.

South Africa

When entering the South African market in late 1982, Skylines were still sold as Datsuns. About a year after being introduced, the Nissan changeover took place. In addition to 2-liter models (sedans and liftbacks), the R30 Datsun Skyline was also available with the 2.8-liter "six" in the GTX Hardtop (the only coupé on offer). Along with the Nissan nameplate the four-door 2.8 GLX was added, using a two-barrel Hitachi

carburetor A carburetor (also spelled carburettor) is a device used by an internal combustion engine to control and mix air and fuel entering the engine. The primary method of adding fuel to the intake air is through the venturi tube in the main meteri ...

. There was also a GL version, and in May 1984 the four-door GT version arrived. This was sportier than the GLX, benefitting from the GTX suspension and a Weber carburetor, but cost less than the GTX due to less equipment and having

drums A drum kit (also called a drum set, trap set, or simply drums) is a collection of drums, cymbals, and other Percussion instrument, auxiliary percussion instruments set up to be played by one person. The player (drummer) typically holds a pair o ...

at the rear. The South African range was lightly facelifted for the 1986 model year, with a luxurious 2.8 SGL replacing the GLX and with the GT discontinued. Automatic transmission became available in the GTX Hardtop and also in the top-of-the-line SGLi sedan (which was not offered with a manual). The R30 was replaced by the R31 Skyline in mid-1987. 2-liter cars have the four-cylinder L20B engine; equipment levels include GL, and GLE-X, and there was also the Skyline 1800 L at the bottom of the ladder.

RS

1983-1985 Nissan Skyline Coupe 2000 Turbo RS-X rear

Although making about the same power as the L20ET-powered ''GT-ES'' models, the version of the Skyline initially known as the ''2000RS'' was released on October 2, 1981 as more of a stripped-down lightweight racer, without as many luxury extras included (quoted curb weight was only ). These were equipped with the naturally aspirated 4-valve-per-cylinder DOHC FJ20E engine generating of power at 6,000 rpm and of torque at 4,800 rpm. The official Nissan chassis designation for all FJ20-powered models was ''DR30''. In February 1983 the DR30 range received a significant boost in performance with the introduction of the turbocharged FJ20ET engine in the ''2000RS-Turbo''. Front brakes were also significantly upgraded to cope with the power increase. Now with of power at 6,400 rpm (measured on a gross basis) and of torque at 4,800 rpm on tap, the FJ20ET enjoyed new-found prestige as the most powerful Japanese production engine of its era. Nissan sought to elevate the status of the DR30 Skyline as their new flagship model in light of this success, and it received a generous amount of changes to distinguish it from lesser Skyline models in August 1983. Interior equipment was significantly upgraded to now include electric windows, air conditioning and power steering as standard in the new ''RS-X'' model (for Extra) with an increased curb weight of around it also included a driver's seat with multi-way power lumbar adjustment, anti-skid control, fog lamps, rear deck spoiler and other features such as dimmable instrument cluster lighting; gone were the days of the spartan, stripped-out race interior, although this could still be specified at time of purchase. But by far the most striking change to the RS was the new unique front end treatment, nicknamed ''Tekkamen'' () or '' Iron Mask'' by fans for its distinctive look. The headlights were considerably slimmer, and instead of a conventional grille the hood now sloped down to two narrow slits above a facelifted front bumper and airdam. Further enhancements were made for 1984, most notably the addition of an air-to-air intercooler allowing the compression ratio to be increased from 8.0:1 to 8.5:1 with revised turbocharger exhaust housing to the FJ20ET powered model increasing output to of power at 6,400 rpm (gross) and of torque at 4,400 rpm. The intercooled model was nicknamed the ''Turbo C''. The ''Turbo C'' formed the basis for the Super Silhouette race car built by GT-R Works and sponsored by Tomica and run in the

All Japan Sports Prototype Championship The , abbreviated as JSPC, formed by the Japan Automobile Federation, was a domestic championship which took place in Japan for Group C and IMSA GTP prototype cars and also featured cars that were eligible for touring car racing in its earlier yea ...

under FIA

Group C Group C was a category of sports car racing introduced by the FIA in 1982 and continuing until 1993, with ''Group A'' for touring cars and ''Group B'' for GTs. It was designed to replace both Group 5 special production cars (closed top touri ...

regulations. An automatic transmission option was also added 1984. Changes to the "Plasma Spark" ignition system followed in early 1985 towards the end of R30 production. 1987 Nissan Skyline 2

To this day the FJ20-powered R30 Skyline remains a cult car both at home and overseas (there are still dedicated "one make" drag racing events for this model in Japan), and is credited with rejuvenating the Skyline brand in the early 1980s. It also paved the way for the eventual re-introduction of the legendary GT-R badge, markedly absent since the end of C110 Skyline production in 1973. The DR30 achieved success in Australian

touring car racing Touring car racing is a motorsport road racing competition with heavily modified road-going cars. It has both similarities to and significant differences from stock car racing, which is popular in the United States. While the cars do not move ...

during the mid-1980s. The factory backed Peter Jackson Nissan Team made its

Group A Group A is a set of motorsport regulations administered by the FIA covering production derived vehicles intended for competition, usually in touring car racing and rallying. In contrast to the short-lived Group B and Group C, Group A vehicles w ...

debut in the opening round of the

1986 Australian Touring Car Championship The 1986 Australian Touring Car Championship was the 27th running of the Australian Touring Car Championship. It began on 2 March 1986 at Amaroo Park and ended on 13 July at Oran Park Raceway after ten rounds. This was the second ATCC to be run ...

, and over the 10 round series, lead driver

George Fury George Fury (born 31 January 1945, in Hungary) is a retired Australian rally and racing car driver. For the majority of his career Fury was associated with Nissan, twice winning the Australian Rally Championship, and twice runner up in the Aust ...

would win four of the rounds and it was only unreliability in the first two rounds that cost Fury the title, finishing only 5 points behind the

Volvo 240T The Volvo 200 Series (or 240 and 260 Series) is a range of mid-size cars produced by Swedish company Volvo Cars from 1974 until 1993, with more than 2.8 million total units sold worldwide. Like the Volvo 140 Series (1966 to 1974), from which it ...

Robbie Francevic Robert James Frančević, (born on 18 September 1941 in Auckland, New Zealand) is a retired racing driver who featured prominently in New Zealand and Australia during the 1970s and 1980s. His biggest wins were the inaugural Wellington 500 street r ...

. Fury then went on to finish second to the BMW of Jim Richards in the

1986 Australian Endurance Championship The 1986 Australian Endurance Championship was a CAMS sanctioned motor racing title open to Touring Cars as specified in the National Competition Rules of CAMS.Conditions for Australian Titles, 1986 CAMS Manual of Motor Sport, pages 88 to 92 The ...

, winning four of the six rounds, though failures to finish in the opening round at

Amaroo Park Amaroo Park Raceway was a motor racing circuit located in Annangrove, New South Wales, in the present-day north-western suburbs of Sydney, Australia. Opened in 1967, the road circuit served as a venue for a variety of competitions including t ...

Sydney Sydney ( ) is the capital city of the state of New South Wales, and the most populous city in both Australia and Oceania. Located on Australia's east coast, the metropolis surrounds Sydney Harbour and extends about towards the Blue Mountain ...

, as well as a DNF at the James Hardie 1000 at Bathurst cost him the title. Team driver Garry Scott put the DR30 on pole for the James Hardie 1000 before going on to finish third with young charger

Glenn Seton Glenn Seton (born 5 May 1965) is an Australian racing driver. He won the Australian Touring Car Championship in 1993 and 1997 while driving for his own team. Although he never won the Bathurst 1000 like his father Barry did in 1965, Glenn star ...

. Despite missing out on the drivers' title, Nissan won the 1986 Australian Manufacturers' Championship from BMW. Fury finished off 1986 by finishing second to the V8

Holden Commodore The Holden Commodore is a full-size car that was sold by Holden from 1978 to 2020. It was manufactured from 1978 to 2017 in Australia and from 1979 to 1990 in New Zealand, with production of the locally manufactured versions in Australia endin ...

Allan Grice Allan Maxwell Grice (born 21 October 1942), known to motor-racing fans as "Gricey", is an Australian former racing driver and politician, most famous for twice winning the prestigious Bathurst 1000 (1986 and 1990), and as a privateer driver of ...

in the Group A support race for the

Australian Grand Prix The Australian Grand Prix is an annual motor racing event which is under contract to host Formula One until 2035. One of the oldest surviving motorsport competitions held in Australia, the Grand Prix has moved frequently with 23 different venu ...

Adelaide Adelaide ( ) is the capital city of South Australia, the state's largest city and the fifth-most populous city in Australia. "Adelaide" may refer to either Greater Adelaide (including the Adelaide Hills) or the Adelaide city centre. The dem ...

. Fury was joined in 1987 Australian Touring Car Championship by Glenn Seton. While Fury had a frustrating first half of the championship, Seton battled it out with the

BMW M3 The BMW M3 is a high-performance version of the BMW 3 Series, developed by BMW's in-house motorsport division, BMW M GmbH. M3 models have been produced for every generation of 3 Series since the E30 M3 was introduced in 1986. The initial model ...

of Richards for the title. The series came down to the last race at Sydney's

Oran Park Raceway Oran Park Raceway was a motor racing circuit at Narellan south west of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia which was operational from February 1962 until its closure in January 2010. The track was designed and started by George Murray and Jac ...

where Richards used the nimble M3 to defeat Seton and win his second ATCC in three years. With Fury finishing third in the championship, this saw Nissan sharing victory with BMW in the 1987 Australian Manufacturers' Championship. The final competitive race for the Peter Jackson Nissan DR30s came in the Group A support race for the

1987 Australian Grand Prix The 1987 Australian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Adelaide on 15 November 1987. It was the sixteenth and final race of the 1987 Formula One World Championship. The 82-lap race was won by Austrian driver Gerhard Berger, who s ...

in Adelaide where Fury again finished second behind the

Ford Sierra RS500 The Ford Sierra RS Cosworth is a high-performance version of the Ford Sierra that was built by Ford Europe from 1986 to 1992. It was the result of a Ford Motorsport project with the purpose of producing an outright winner for Group A racing in ...

of Dick Johnson. The DR30 continued to be used by privateer racers in Australian touring car racing until 1989. Models: (Japan) R30-pnv

* ''1800TI'' – 1.8 L '' Z18S'' SOHC I4, , later models 1.8 L '' CA18E'' SOHC I4, * ''2000TI'' – 2.0 L '' CA20E'' SOHC I4 * ''2000TI'' – 2.0 L '' Z20E'' SOHC I4 * ''2000GT'' and ''Passage'' – 2.0 L '' L20E'' SOHC I6 * ''2000GT Turbo'', ''Passage'' and ''Paul Newman Version'' – 2.0 L '' L20ET'' turbo I6, * ''RS'' – 2.0 L '' FJ20E'' DOHC I4, , * ''RS-X'' and ''RS-X Turbo C'' – 2.0 L '' FJ20ET'' DOHC turbo I4, , * ''200D GT'' – 2.0 L ''LD20'' SOHC I4

diesel Diesel may refer to: * Diesel engine, an internal combustion engine where ignition is caused by compression * Diesel fuel, a liquid fuel used in diesel engines * Diesel locomotive, a railway locomotive in which the prime mover is a diesel engin ...

* ''280D GT'' – 2.8 L ''LD28'' SOHC I6

Seventh generation (R31; 1985)

The R31 Skyline of 1985 was a natural evolution on the R30 shape, and also this one was loosely based on the Laurel platform (C32). The design was slightly larger and squarer than previous Skylines. It was available as a Sedan, Hardtop sedan, Coupé and station wagon. Affectionately known as the "Seventhsu" or simply "7th Sukairain" by owners, due to it being the 7th-generation Skyline. The R31 Skyline introduced many new technologies and features. The HR31 was the first Skyline to be equipped with the new RB-series of engines. The HR31 RB engines are often referred to as "Red Top" engines because of the red cam covers. There were three variants. The earliest series of DOHC, 24-valve, RB engines used the NICS (Nissan Induction Control System) injection system with 12 very small intake runners, and a butterfly system to divide the intake ports in half for better low RPM performance. Later versions used ECCS (Electronically Concentrated Control System) engine management, discarded the twelve tiny runners for six much larger ones (though the cylinder heads still retained twelve individual intake ports separated by casting), and received a slightly larger turbocharger. Nissan's '' RD28'', a 2.8 straight-six engine, featured for a diesel option. Another technological first for the R31 was the introduction of Nissan's proprietary

four-wheel steering Steering is a system of components, linkages, and other parts that allows a driver to control the direction of the vehicle. Introduction The most conventional steering arrangement allows a driver to turn the front wheels of a vehicle using ...

system, dubbed

HICAS HICAS ''/hīkas/'' (High Capacity Actively Controlled Steering) is Nissan's rear wheel steering system found on cars ranging from the more recent Skyline and Fairlady Z (300ZX) iterations to smaller models like the Nissan Cefiro (A31), 240SX/ Silvi ...

(High Capacity Active Steering). The R31 series were also the only models in the Skyline family to feature a four-door

variation. These models were generally badged as the ''Passage GT''. The R31 Skyline was also produced in Australia, with a 3.0 L motor (RB30E) available in sedan or wagon form, as well as a four-cylinder version called the

Nissan Pintara The Nissan Pintara is a compact automobile that was manufactured by Nissan Motor Australia from 1986 until 1992. First generation (R31; 1986–1990) The first generation R31 Nissan Pintara is a compact family car which was built by Nissan ...

. The wagon had the same front style as the coupe and sedan—the only difference being that it lacked the four round brake lights that had been a consistent element of Skyline design (except for the R31 series one/two which had rectangular taillights with a solid bar through the centre which was also shared by the Pintara). These cars were manufactured in Australia due to the heavy import laws which made it expensive to bring cars into Australia and are affectionally called "Dards" by their owners. 29,305 R31 Skylines were also manufactured and sold in South Africa in four-door sedan form between 1987 and 1992. These were the last Skylines seen in South Africa. Power came from either the RB30E 3.0

, RB20E 2.0 straight-six, or the CA20S four-cylinder powerplant. 1986 Nissan Pintara (R31) GXE sedan (2015-08-07) 01.jpg, 1986 Nissan Pintara GXE sedan (Australia) 1986-1988 Nissan Skyline (R31) Ti sedan (2008-08-31) 01.jpg, 1986–1988 Nissan Skyline Ti sedan (Australia) 1986-1988 Nissan Skyline (R31) Ti sedan (2008-08-31) 02.jpg, 1986–1988 Nissan Skyline Ti sedan (Australia) 1989 Nissan Skyline (R31) Ti sedan (2015-11-13) 01.jpg, 1988-1990 Nissan Skyline Ti sedan (Australia) 1989 Nissan Skyline (R31) Ti sedan (2015-11-13) 02.jpg, 1988-1990 Nissan Skyline Ti sedan (Australia) Nissan Skyline R31 Sedan GT Passage.jpg, 1985–1987 Nissan Skyline GT Passage (Japan) Tuned Nissan SKYLINE 4door (R31).jpg, Tuned 1987–1989 Nissan Skyline hardtop sedan (Japan) Nissan-SkylineR31.jpg, 1985–1987 Nissan Skyline GT Passage hardtop sedan (Japan) Nissan-SkylineR31rear.jpg, 1985–1987 Nissan Skyline GT Passage hardtop sedan (Japan) File:1988 Nissan Skyline GTS-X, front right (NZ).jpg, 1986–1989 Nissan Skyline GTS-X coupé (New Zealand) 1988 Nissan Skyline GTS-X, rear right (NZ).jpg, 1986–1989 Nissan Skyline GTS-X coupé (New Zealand) 1986 Nissan Skyline (R31) GX station wagon (5568926749).jpg, 1986–1988 Nissan Skyline GX station wagon (Australia) 1986 Nissan Skyline (R31) GX station wagon (5568927053).jpg, 1986–1988 Nissan Skyline GX station wagon (Australia) 1988-1990 Nissan Skyline (R31) Executive station wagon (8163439237).jpg, 1988–1990 Nissan Skyline GXE station wagon (Australia) 1988 Nissan Skyline (R31) Silhouette sedan (26385699922).jpg, 1988–1990 Nissan Skyline Silhouette (Australia) 1988 Nissan Skyline (R31) Silhouette sedan (25875184903).jpg, 1988–1990 Nissan Skyline Silhouette (Australia) Nissan R31 Skyline Silhouette GTS2.jpg, Nissan Skyline Silhouette GTS2 (Australia) Nissan Skyline GTS (44712360104).jpg, Nissan Skyline Silhouette GTS2 (Australia)

GTS-R

The ultimate version of the R31 was the RB20DET-R powered HR31 GTS-R Coupe of which 823 units were built to allow

homologation Homologation (Greek ''homologeo'', ὁμολογέω, "to agree") is the granting of approval by an official authority. This may be a court of law, a government department, or an academic or professional body, any of which would normally work fr ...

for

Touring Car racing. Introduced in late 1987, it had a reworked version of the normal RB20DET with a much larger turbocharger on a tubular steel exhaust manifold, as well as a much larger front-mounted intercooler boosting power to a factory claimed , with racing versions making over in Group A trim, though this was still at least less than the leading Group A car of the time, the

(which had approximately the same weight as the Nissan), and around less than the heavier (by around ) V8

. Jim Richards and

Mark Skaife Mark Skaife (born 3 April 1967) is a retired Australian motor racing driver. Skaife is a five-time champion of the V8 Supercar Championship Series, including its predecessor, the Australian Touring Car Championship, as well as a six-time Bath ...

drove a

Gibson Motor Sport Gibson Motorsport was an Australian motor racing team that competed in the Australian Touring Car Championship from 1981 until 2003, though the team had its roots in Gibson's "Road & Track" team which ran a series of Ford Falcon GTHOs in Series ...

prepared Skyline GTS-R to win the 1989 Sandown 500 in

Australia Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a Sovereign state, sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australia (continent), Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous List of islands of Australia, sma ...

. Richards also used the GTS-R in 6 of the 8 races to win the 1990 Australian Touring Car Championship (he used the R32 GT-R in the final two rounds of the series). It was the first

Australian Touring Car Championship The Australian Touring Car Championship (ATCC) is a touring car racing award held in Australia since 1960. The series itself is no longer contested, but the title lives on, with the winner of the Repco Supercars Championship awarded the trophy ...

victory for a Nissan driver after

placed second in

1983 The year 1983 saw both the official beginning of the Internet and the first mobile cellular telephone call. Events January * January 1 – The migration of the ARPANET to Internet protocol suite, TCP/IP is officially completed (this is consid ...

and

1986 The year 1986 was designated as the International Year of Peace by the United Nations. Events January * January 1 ** Aruba gains increased autonomy from the Netherlands by separating from the Netherlands Antilles. **Spain and Portugal ente ...

and

gained second position in

1987 File:1987 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The MS Herald of Free Enterprise capsizes after leaving the Port of Zeebrugge in Belgium, killing 193; Northwest Airlines Flight 255 crashes after takeoff from Detroit Metropolitan Airport, k ...

Models

Japanese market: * 1800 C, 1800 Excel and 1800 Passage – 1.8 L '' CA18S'' SOHC I4, * GT Excel D, GT Passage D – 2.8 L Diesel '' RD28'' SOHC I6, , * GT Excel, GT Passage – 2.0 L '' RB20E'' SOHC I6, * GT Excel Twin Cam 24V, GT Passage Twin Cam 24V – 2.0 L '' RB20DE'' DOHC I6, * GT Passage Turbo – 2.0 L '' RB20ET'' SOHC turbo I6, , * GT Passage Twin Cam 24V Turbo – 2.0 L '' RB20DET'' DOHC turbo I6, , * GTS – 2.0 L '' RB20DE'' DOHC I6, * GTS Turbo – 2.0 L '' RB20DET'' DOHC I6, , * GTS-X – 2.0 L '' RB20DET'' DOHC turbo I6, , * GTS-R – 2.0 L '' RB20DET-R'' DOHC turbo I6, , * GTS Autech – 2.0 L '' RB20DET-R'' DOHC turbo I6, , *

Tommykaira , originally founded as , is a Japanese car tuning and manufacturing company founded in 1986 and headquartered in Minami-ku, Kyoto, Japan. The company was named after its two founders, Yoshikazu Tomita and Kikuo Kaira. Its parent company was foun ...

M20 – 2.0 L '' RB20DET'' DOHC I6, , *

M30 – 3.0 L '' RB30DE'' DOHC I6, , Australian market: * Pintara GLi, Executive, GX, & GXE – 2.0 L '' CA20E'' I4, , * GX, Executive, GXE, Silhouette, Ti – 3.0 L '' RB30E'' SOHC I6, , * Silhouette GTS1 – 3.0 L '' RB30E'' SOHC I6, , * Silhouette GTS2 – 3.0 L '' RB30E'' SOHC I6, , South African market: * 2.0GL, 2.0GLE – 2.0 L '' CA20S'' I4, , * 2.0SGLi – 2.0 L '' RB20E'' SOHC I6, , * 3.0SGLi – 3.0 L '' RB30E'' SOHC I6, ,

Eighth generation (R32; 1989)

The R32 Skyline debuted in 1989. It was available as either a 2-door coupe or 4-door hardtop sedan, all other bodystyles were dropped. The R32 featured several versions of the RB-series

straight-6 The straight-six engine (also referred to as an inline-six engine; abbreviated I6 or L6) is a piston engine with six cylinders arranged in a straight line along the crankshaft. A straight-six engine has perfect primary and secondary engine bal ...

engines, which had improved heads (the twelve port inlet was gone) and used the ECCS (Electronically Concentrated Control System) injection system. Also available was an 1,800 cc 4-cylinder ''GXi'' model. Most models had

four-wheel steering, with the rear wheels being

hydraulic Hydraulics (from Greek: Υδραυλική) is a technology and applied science using engineering, chemistry, and other sciences involving the mechanical properties and use of liquids. At a very basic level, hydraulics is the liquid counter ...

ally linked to the front steering. The 2.5-liter GTS-25 became one of the first Japanese production cars to feature a 5-speed automatic transmission. The GTS-t came in standard and Type M configurations, with the Type M having larger five-stud 16-inch wheels, four piston front calipers and twin piston rears plus other minor differences. ABS was optional (except for the GT-R and GTS-4), mechanical LSD was standard on the GT-R and viscous LSD was standard on all turbo models and optional on all but the GXi. Nissan also produced 100 Australian models of the R32. In addition, there was a 4WD version of the GTS-t Type M, called the GTS-4. This generation was considered a "compact" under

Japanese legislation Japanese may refer to: * Something from or related to Japan, an island country in East Asia * Japanese language, spoken mainly in Japan * Japanese people, the ethnic group that identifies with Japan through ancestry or culture ** Japanese diaspor ...

that determined the amount of tax liability based on exterior dimensions. The smaller engines were offered so as to provide Japanese buyers the ability to choose which annual

road tax Road tax, known by various names around the world, is a tax which has to be paid on, or included with, a motorised vehicle to use it on a public road. National implementations Australia All states and territories require an annual vehicle registra ...

obligation they were willing to pay. The station wagon body style was discontinued, and would not see a replacement (the Stagea) until 1996, by which point the R33 had arrived. Nissan SKYLINE 4-Door GTS (E-HR32) rear.jpg, 1989–1991 R32 Nissan Skyline GTS sedan (HR32) Nissan Skyline R32 (Centropolis Laval '10).jpg, 1989–1991 R32 Nissan Skyline coupe Nissan SKYLINE 4door GTS-t (E-HCR32) front.jpg, 1991–1993 R32 Nissan Skyline GTS-t sedan (HCR32) Nissan SKYLINE 4door GTS-t (E-HCR32) rear.jpg, 1991–1993 R32 Nissan Skyline GTS-t sedan (HCR32) Nissan skyline hcr32 gtstypes 1 f.jpg, 1991–1993 R32 Nissan Skyline GTS coupe (HCR32) Nissan skyline hcr32 gtstypes 1 r.jpg, 1991–1993 R32 Nissan Skyline GTS coupe (HCR32) Nissan.skyline.r32-inside.view-by.Spinnanz-from.english.wiki.JPG, Interior Models: * GXi, GXi Type-X (FR32) sedan – 1.8 L '' CA18i''

SOHC An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine where the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion cha ...

I4, , RWD * GTE, GTE Type-X/X.V, SV/V (HR32) sedan – 2.0 L '' RB20E''

I6, , RWD * GTS, GTS SV/V, Type-J/X, Urban Road (HR32) coupe/sedan – 2.0 L '' RB20DE''

DOHC An overhead camshaft (OHC) engine is a piston engine where the camshaft is located in the cylinder head above the combustion chamber. This contrasts with earlier overhead valve engines (OHV), where the camshaft is located below the combustion c ...

I6 , RWD * GTS (HCR32) coupe/sedan – 2.0 L '' RB20DE''

I6, , RWD with Super HICAS * GTS-t, GTS-t Type-M/S (HCR32) coupe/sedan – 2.0 L '' RB20DET''

turbo In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to pro ...

I6, , RWD with Super HICAS * GTS-4 (HNR32) coupe/sedan – 2.0 L '' RB20DET''

I6, ,

4WD Four-wheel drive, also called 4×4 ("four by four") or 4WD, refers to a two-axled vehicle drivetrain capable of providing torque to all of its wheels simultaneously. It may be full-time or on-demand, and is typically linked via a transfer case ...

with Super HICAS * GTS-25 SV, Type-X (ER32) coupe/sedan – 2.5 L '' RB25DE''

I6, , RWD * GTS-25 Type-S/XG (ECR32) coupe/sedan – 2.5 L '' RB25DE''

I6, , RWD with Super HICAS * Autech Version GTS-4 (HNR32) sedan – 2.6 L '' RB26DE''

I6, ,

Autech is a Nissan Motorsports & Customizing division focused on tuning and converting Nissan cars. Autech was a subsidiary company of Nissan from its establishment in 1986 to 2022, when it was merged with Nismo. History Autech was founded in 1986 as ...

Version (auto only)

with Super HICAS - only 201 made * GT-R (BNR32) coupe – 2.6 L '' RB26DETT''

twin-turbo Twin-turbo (not to be confused with a twincharger setup, which is a combination of a supercharger and a turbocharger) refers to an engine in which two turbochargers work in tandem to compress the intake fuel/air mixture (or intake air, in the case ...

I6, ,

with Super HICAS Type-Nismo/N1/V-Spec I/V-Spec I N1/V-Spec II/V-Spec II N1 (Race engine for Nismo (normal output) and N1, no info from nissan (but no 24U stamp like the later once but most likely the same) * Tommykaira M20 (based from GTS-t coupe) – tuned 2.0 L '' RB20DET''

turbo I6, , RWD * Tommykaira M30 (based from GTS-t coupe) – tuned 3.0 L (3030 cc) '' RB30DE''

I6, , RWD * Tommykaira R (based from GT-R) – tuned 2.6 L '' RB26DETT''

I6, ,

with Super HICAS * HKS EN2-A (based from GTS-t coupe) – tuned 2.0 L '' RB20DET''

I6, 2WD with Super HICAS * HKS Zero-R (based from GT-R) – tuned 2.7 L (2688 cc) '' RB26DETT''

I6, ,

with Super HICAS * HKS Zero-R 2006 spec (based from GT-R) – tuned 2.8 L (2771 cc) '' RB26DETT''

I6, ,

with Super HICAS Production numbers:
''Standard - 269.554
GT-R - 43.937''
Total - 313.491

GT-R

Nissan Skyline R32 GT-R 001.jpg, Nissan Skyline GT-R Nissan Skyline R32 GT-R 002.jpg, R32 Nissan Skyline GT-R R32 Calsonic Skyline 001.jpg, The CALSONIC R32 GT-R from the

series The R32 GT-R was first produced in 1988 including prototype cars. The first six Nismos were built in 1989. The other 554 NISMO GT-Rs were all built in 1990 and were all Gunmetal Grey in color. The RB26DETT engine actually produced ~320 PS (316 hp), but it was understated due to the Japanese car makers' "

gentlemen's agreement A gentlemen's agreement, or gentleman's agreement, is an informal and legally non-binding agreement between two or more parties. It is typically oral, but it may be written or simply understood as part of an unspoken agreement by convention or th ...

" not to exceed 280 PS (276 hp). The engine was designed for ~500 hp in racing trim, and then muzzled by the exhaust, boost restriction, and ECU. After this increase the car would put out ~310 hp (~230 kW) and could do 0–100 km/h (62 mph) in 4.7 seconds and the quarter mile in 12.8 seconds. The GT-R had a significantly larger intercooler, larger brakes, and aluminum front guards and hood. Other distinguishing features include flared front and rear wheel arches. More supportive seats were fitted, and the turbo boost gauge and digital clock were removed from inside the instrument cluster. The clock was replaced with a torque meter that indicated how much torque was being delivered to the front wheels (0%–50%). Oil temp, voltage, and turbo boost gauges were fitted just above the climate control. The

Porsche 959 The Porsche 959 is a sports car manufactured by German automobile manufacturer Porsche from 1986 to 1993, first as a Group B rally car and later as a road legal production car designed to satisfy FIA homologation regulations requiring at least 2 ...

was Nissan's target when designing the GT-R. The chief engineer,

Naganori Ito is a Japanese automotive engineer, and was responsible for the development of the eighth generation R32 Nissan Skyline including the BNR32 Skyline GT-R. History Early years Ito was born in Takehara, Hiroshima Prefecture on March 7, 1937 as a ...

, intended to use the car for Group A racing, so the design specification was drawn up in conjunction with a copy of the Group A rules. The Nordschleife production car record at the time of development was 8'45" – set by a

Porsche 944 The Porsche 944 is a sports car manufactured by German automobile manufacturer Porsche from 1982 until 1991. A front-engine, rear-wheel drive mid-level model based on the 924 platform, the 944 was available in coupé or cabriolet body styles, w ...

. Nissan test driver Hiroyoshi Katoh reset the record with a time of 8'20". Best Motoring managed 8'22"38. The R32 GT-R dominated

Japanese Touring Car Championship The Japanese Touring Car Championship (abbr: 1985–1993: JTC, 1994–1998: JTCC, officially known as All Japan Touring Car Championship, ja, 全日本ツーリングカー選手権, link=no), was a former touring car racing series held in Japan. ...

(JTCC), winning 29 races from 29 starts, taking the series title every year from 1989 to 1993. It took 50 races from 50 starts from 1991 to 1997 (latterly R33) in the N1 Super Taikyu. The R32 GT-R was introduced into the Australian Touring Car Championship in 1990 and promptly ended the reign of the previously all-conquering

Ford Sierra The Ford Sierra is a mid-size car or large family car manufactured and marketed by Ford Europe from 1982-1993, designed by Uwe Bahnsen, Robert Lutz and Patrick le Quément — and noted for its aerodynamic styling producing a drag coefficien ...

Cosworth, winning

Bathurst 1000 The Bathurst 1000 (formally known as the Repco Bathurst 1000) is a touring car race held annually on the Mount Panorama Circuit in Bathurst, New South Wales, Australia. It is currently run as part of the Supercars Championship, the most recen ...

classic in 1991 and 1992. This success led to the Australian motoring press nicknaming the car

Godzilla is a fictional monster, or '' kaiju'', originating from a series of Japanese films. The character first appeared in the 1954 film ''Godzilla'' and became a worldwide pop culture icon, appearing in various media, including 32 films produc ...

due to it being a "monster from Japan". As Australia was the first export market for the car the name quickly spread. Such was the GT-R's dominance that it was a significant factor in the demise of

Touring Car racing, the formula being scrapped soon after. JTCC was similarly blighted by the R32 GT-R, and splintered soon after, leading to the switch to the

Supertouring Super Touring, Class 2 or Class II was a motor racing Touring Cars category defined by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) for national touring car racing in 1993. It was based on the "2 litre Touring Car Formula" created ...

category and also indirectly to the GT500 category of today. When originally designed, the

rulebook mandated 16-inch wheels, so that's what the GT-R got. This limited the size of the brakes, and the four-piston calipers used by Nissan were not competitive. After the rules changed to allow 17-inch wheels, the GT-R V-spec (for Victory) emerged in February 1993 wearing 17"

BBS BBS may refer to: Ammunition * BBs, BB gun metal bullets * BBs, airsoft gun plastic pellets Computing and gaming * Bulletin board system, a computer server users dial into via dial-up or telnet; precursor to the Internet * BIOS Boot Specificat ...

mesh wheels (225/50/17) covering larger

Brembo Brembo S.p.A. is an Italian manufacturer of automotive brake systems, especially for high-performance cars and motorcycles. Its head office is in Curno, Bergamo, Italy. History Brembo was established in Paladina, Italy on January 11, 1961 ...

calipers. The clutch actuation changed from a push to a pull system and the car had a standard mechanical rear differential (the electronic rear differential did not show up until the R33 V-Spec). A year later, the V-Spec II appeared with a new sticker and wider tires (245/45 17). The Nismo Skyline GT-R is a limited (500 street, 60 racing) version of Nissan Skyline with Nissan RB engine with twin steel

turbocharger In an internal combustion engine, a turbocharger (often called a turbo) is a forced induction device that is powered by the flow of exhaust gases. It uses this energy to compress the intake gas, forcing more air into the engine in order to pro ...

s rated at 6,800 rpm and at 4,400 rpm, all-wheel steering, electronically controlled

. In August 2014, the first R32 Skyline GT-Rs became eligible for US import under the NHTSA "25 year" rule, which allows vehicles that are at least 25 years old (to the month of manufacture) to be imported. These vehicles, due to their age do not have to comply with federal emissions or with federal motor vehicle safety standards.

Ninth generation (R33; 1993)

The R33 Skyline was introduced in August 1993. Slightly heavier than the R32, it was available in coupe and sedan body configurations. The R33 was the safest of the models with a rating of 3.8 out of 5.5 accordingly; the airbag system and internal crash bars made this vehicle significantly safer than previous models. All models now used a six-cylinder engine. Nissan took the unusual step of down-grading the GTS model to have only the '' RB20E'', while the twin-cam of the R32 GTS was discontinued. The 2.0 L turbo '' RB20DET'' GTS-t was also discontinued and was replaced with the GTS-25t which was equipped with the larger RB25DET and featured HICAS as standard in all GTS-25t sub-models except the Type G. Some models came equipped with a new version of the HICAS 4-wheel steering system called Super

. This computer controlled system was first used on the R32 GT-R. Super HICAS used electric actuators to steer the rear, as opposed to the hydraulic HICAS. This generation was no longer considered a "compact" under

that determined the amount of tax liability based on exterior dimensions. As an option, an active

limited slip differential A limited-slip differential (LSD) is a type of differential that allows its two output shafts to rotate at different speeds but limits the maximum difference between the two shafts. Limited-slip differentials are often known by the generic tr ...

was available instead of the standard viscous LSD. This new unit locked the rear differential if it detected that traction was lost by one of the wheels. A light on the dash also lit up if the LSD engaged. Active LSD came standard on all V-Spec R33 GT-R Skylines and was also available on some ECR33 GTS-25t models; these can be identified by the A-LSD and SLIP lights on the tachometer. The '' RB25DE'' and '' RB25DET'' engines also became equipped with NVCS (variable inlet cam phasing). NVCS equipped RB series engine have a bulge on the front of the cam cover. To celebrate their 40th anniversary, Nissan introduced a very rare 4-door GT-R. Two versions of the 4-door GT-R were available from Nissan's subsidiaries: the first was produced by

, and the second was a joint

Nismo , abbreviated as Nismo, is a division of Nissan Motorsports & Customizing focused in motorsport and performance-oriented car models for Nissan. Nismo was initially a company, , formed in 1984 as a result of a merger of two motorsport departmen ...

project. A

Nissan Laurel C34 The Nissan Laurel is a front-engine, rear-drive two- and four-door sedan manufactured and marketed by Nissan from 1969 to 2002. Introduced in 1968 as a new model positioned above the 1968 Datsun Bluebird 510, the Laurel offered the luxury of the ...

based wagon was released in September 1996, called the Stagea. It is widely regarded as a compatriot of the Skyline, rather than the Laurel it was based on, owing to drivetrain configurations—Commonly AWD using ATTESA ET-S. A common modification on the Stagea is to fit it with an R34 skyline front, in effect making an R34-lookalike wagon. A manual transmission was only available on the RS-Four S and 260RS models. There was also an

tuned Stagea, the 260RS; released with full GT-R running gear, including an RB26DETT engine and manual transmission, a unique body kit, 17"

style alloys, and GT-R instrumentation. 1994 Nissan Skyline GTS 4-dr sedan, rear left (Jamaica).jpg, 1993–1996 Nissan Skyline GTS sedan Nissan Skyline (6823334687).jpg, 1995–1996 Nissan Skyline coupe NissanSkylineR33-rear.jpg, 1993–1996 Nissan Skyline coupe Tommy Kaira M25.jpg,

M25 Tommy Kaira M25 (2).jpg, Tommykaira M25 Nissan.skyline.r33-inside.view-by.Spinnanz-from.english.wiki.JPG, R33 Skyline interior Models: *HR33 GTS – 2.0 L '' RB20E'' SOHC I6, , *ER33 GTS-25 – 2.5 L '' RB25DE'' DOHC I6, , *ENR33 GTS-4 – 2.5 L '' RB25DE'' DOHC I6, ,

*ECR33 GTS-25t – 2.5 L '' RB25DET'' DOHC turbo I6, , *ECR33 P.Ride 280 Type MR – 2.8L '' RB28DET'' DOHC turbo I6,

1996

Nissan Skyline R33 GTS25 Type S S.jpg, 1996–1998 Nissan Skyline GTS-25 Type S/S sedan Nissan Skyline R33 GTS25 Type S S rear.jpg, 1996–1998 Nissan Skyline GTS-25 Type S/S sedan Nissan Skyline GTS-t (10096605824).jpg, 1996–1998 Nissan Skyline GTS25t coupe 1993-1996 Nissan Skyline (R33) GTS25t coupe (2011-01-05).jpg, 1996–1998 Nissan Skyline GTS25t coupe 日産スカイライン R33型２ドアクーペ GTS25tTypeM-R.jpg, Nissan Skyline GTS25t Type MR coupe The R33 Skyline (Spec 2) continued the concepts introduced in the R32. Driver and Passenger airbags became standard in 1996. As a result, pre-1996 models are barred from being imported into various countries for consumer road use as they do not meet the frontal impact standards. (However, in the U.S., there are Federal Laws regarding safety and emissions that require certain documents to be obtained, certain criteria to be met and adhered to, or 25 years to pass, before the sale of this vehicle becomes legal.) For the RB25DET engine the ignition system was also changed, with the ignition module no longer located on the cam covers and was instead replaced by smart ignition coils (Ignitor built into coil) and ECU. The RB25DET's turbo was also given a nylon compressor wheel to improve response. Throughout the time the R33 was produced there were quite a number of different styled lights and bodykits fitted, the actual body/chassis underwent no changes. Among the cosmetic changes in the spec 2 were, the headlights which tapered down more towards the grill and were fitted with improved reflectors, the grill (which was longer on the Spec 1), the hood which had a re-shaped leading edge to fit the new lights and front bumper changing shape in the smallest amount to match the lower edge of the new headlights. Later models of the Spec 2 also had the option of having an Active-LSD fitted. The R33 ceased production in February 1998 with the 40th Anniversary R33.

GT-R

Nissan Skyline R33 GT-R 001.jpg, Nissan Skyline GT-R (BCNR33) Nissan Skyline R33 GT-R 002.jpg, Nissan Skyline GT-R (BCNR33) Nissan SKYLINE GT-R 4DOOR Autech Version 40th Anniversary MY1998 (1).jpg, Nissan Skyline GT-R Autech Version 40th Anniversary sedan Nissan SKYLINE GT-R 4DOOR Autech Version 40th Anniversary MY1998 (2).jpg, Nissan Skyline GT-R Autech Version 40th Anniversary sedan Skyline GT-R Autechversion 40thanniversary interior.jpg, Nissan Skyline GT-R Autech Version 40th Anniversary sedan (Interior) GT-R LM.JPG, Nissan Skyline GT-R LM The previous R32 model was a well proven build, but the R32 wasn't without faults and suffered with uplift and balance issues. Along with that, Nissan was, as other Japanese companies were, under strict restrictions on power gains. So Nissan had to combat all these areas so the sophisticated strength Programme was made. Nissan increased the width by about one inch on the R33 to the R32 and made it about 4 inches longer. This gave the R33 a longer wheelbase overall and lower stance mixed with new technology now from the computer aerodynamic age. Each line on the R33 was intended to give the car ultimate aerodynamics with wider gaps in the bumper and angles of air movement which allowed better cooling, in addition to the fuel tank lifted; the battery moved to the trunk. Rigidity points were added mixed with improvements on the Attessa and Hicas all now offered the R33 with the best aerodynamics, balance, and handling. Nissan engineers also found other ways to reduce weight, even by a few grams. This includes: Hollowing out the side door beams. Using high tensile steel on body panels. Reduction in sound deadening materials. Super HICAS becoming electric. Hollowing out of rear stabilizer bar. Use of high tensile springs front and rear. Shrinking the ABS actuator. Light aluminum wheels with higher rigidity The front and rear axles were made of aluminum (as in the BNR32), but so were engine mount insulators and brackets. New plastics were used for: fuel tank, head lamps, super high strength "PP" bumpers, air cleaner, changing the headlining material, changing material of rear spoiler. All this put together meant we saw an improved time against the R32 of 21 seconds faster around the Nürburgring and 23 seconds faster in V spec trim, still making the R33 the fastest Skyline around the Nürburgring. The BCNR33 GT-R version also had the same '' RB26DETT'' engine that the BNR32 was equipped with, although torque had been improved, due to changes in the turbo compressor aerodynamics, turbo dump pipe, and intercooler. The turbo core changed from a sleeve bearing to a ball bearing, but the turbine itself remained ceramic, except on N1 turbos (steel turbine, sleeve bearing). From the R33 onward, all GT-Rs received

brakes. In 1995 the GT-R received an improved version of the RB26DETT, the

ATTESA-ETS ATTESA (acronym for Advanced Total Traction Engineering System for All-Terrain) is a four-wheel drive system used in some automobiles produced by the Japanese automaker Nissan, including some models under its luxury marque Infiniti. The 'mechani ...

four-wheel-drive Four-wheel drive, also called 4×4 ("four by four") or 4WD, refers to a two-axled vehicle drivetrain capable of providing torque to all of its wheels simultaneously. It may be full-time or on-demand, and is typically linked via a transfer case ...

system, and Super

4-wheel steering. A limited edition model was created in 1996, called the NISMO 400R, that produced 400 hp (298 kW) from a road-tuned version of Nissan's Le Mans engine. A stronger six-speed Getrag gearbox was used. An R33 GT-R driven by Dirk Schoysman lapped the Nordschleife in less than 8 minutes. The Skyline GT-R R33 is reported to be the first production car to break 8 minutes, at 7 minutes and 59 seconds. Other manufacturers had caught up since the R32 was released, and the R33 never dominated motorsport to the extent of the R32. The R33 saw victory in the JGTC GT500 dominating the class and taking victory each year until its final racing year in which it was finally beaten by the McLaren F1 GTR. The R33 saw huge favour in the tuning world with it being a popular model on the Wangan and top tuning companies building heavily tuned version from

Top Secret Classified information is material that a government body deems to be sensitive information that must be protected. Access is restricted by law or regulation to particular groups of people with the necessary security clearance and need to know, ...

ran by Smokey Nagata to Jun etc. and later by companies like Sumo. HKS GT-R would hold a drag series record for several years in there drag series making a record win of 7.671-second pass at Sendai Hi-Land Raceway with Tetsuya Kawasaki behind the wheel and taking it to be the world's fastest AWD car. Models: * GT-R – 2.6 L '' RB26DETT'' DOHC twin-turbo I6, , (advertised as 280 PS)

* GT-R LM – 2.6 L '' RB26DETT'' DOHC twin-turbo I6, FR * NISMO 400R – 2.8 L '' RBX-GT2'' DOHC twin-turbo I6, ,

* 4Dr.GT-R Autech Version – 2.6 L '' RB26DETT'' DOHC twin-turbo I6, , (advertised as 280 PS)

- only 447 madeAutech article
in WanganWarriors.com blog

Tenth generation (R34; 1998)

In May 1998, the HR34, ER34, ENR34, and BNR34 marked the introduction of the more fuel-efficient and environmentally-friendly RB25DET NEO engine. The RB20E engine was discontinued in the R34 base model (GT), and the RB20DE, after last being used in the R32 Skyline, was reintroduced in the updated NEO guise. The R34 GT, powered by the RB20DE NEO and coupled with a five-speed gearbox, became the most fuel-efficient straight-six Skyline to date (of any shape). The 4-speed

automatic transmission An automatic transmission (sometimes abbreviated to auto or AT) is a multi-speed transmission used in internal combustion engine-based motor vehicles that does not require any input from the driver to change forward gears under normal driving c ...

available on some models was retained, and was upgraded with

tiptronic The modern usage of the automotive term manumatic denotes an automatic transmission that allows the driver to select a specific gear, typically using paddle-shifters, steering wheel-mounted push-buttons, or "+" and "-" controls on the gear select ...

-style manual controls. An export-market 25GT Turbo coupe variant (often abbreviated as GT-T) was sold in Singapore and Hong Kong from 1998 to 2000, while the facelift 25GT Turbo was sold in New Zealand between 2001 and 2002 alongside the GT-R V-Spec. These were the only three countries outside of Japan that sold the R34 25GT Turbo model Skylines new. All Japanese ''Nissan Prince Store'' locations that sold the Skyline were renamed ''

Nissan Red Stage , trading as Nissan Motor Corporation and often shortened to Nissan, is a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Nishi-ku, Yokohama, Japan. The company sells its vehicles under the Nissan, Infiniti, and Datsun brands, ...

''. Nissan SKYLINE SEDAN 25GT (GF-ER34) front.jpg, 1998–2000 Nissan Skyline 25GT sedan Nissan skyline hr34 sedangt 1 f.jpg, 2000–2001 Nissan Skyline sedan Nissan Skyline Sports-Sedan R34 02 rear.jpg, 1998–2001 Nissan Skyline sedan ER34 - 25GT 2door Front.jpg, 1998–2000 Nissan Skyline coupe ER34 - 25GT 2door Rear.jpg, 1998–2001 Nissan Skyline coupe Nissan Skyline R34, interior.jpg, Interior Tommykaira 25R.jpg,

25R Tommykaira 25R rear.jpg, Tommykaira 25R One of 400 Tommy Kaira Edition R34 GT-Rs.jpg, Tommykaira R Nissan introduced two new models for the base vehicle, the 25GT-X and the 25GT-V. The 25GT-X was only available as a sedan and included optional extras over the base-model 25GT and 25GT Turbo such as tinted rear windows and pop-up LCD display that replaced the triple cluster on the turbo models. Another version, the 25GT-V, was a naturally-aspirated variation powered by the RB25DE, came standard with the upgraded 4-piston front and 2-piston rear Sumitomo calipers, limited-slip differential and 17" alloy wheels only found on the turbo models. In August 2000, the R34 received a facelift which changed the front bumper to a new, sleek design and Xenon headlights were standard across the entire range along with side-airbags built into the driver and passenger outer seat bolsters. For the interior, pedals were changed from rubber to aluminum while the gear shift knob and steering wheel were now made of genuine leather in a 2-tone design, the latter branded with the Skyline "S" badge as opposed to the Nissan logo. The centre console and dials now had an iridium-silver appearance; previously they were a gunmetal-grey look. Optional exterior extras for the R34 included exterior aero which consists of redesigned front and rear bumpers, side skirts and a wrap-around spoiler on the rear which was only available for the coupe. Optional tuning

NISMO , abbreviated as Nismo, is a division of Nissan Motorsports & Customizing focused in motorsport and performance-oriented car models for Nissan. Nismo was initially a company, , formed in 1984 as a result of a merger of two motorsport departmen ...

parts for the R34 included shock absorbers, a variable sports exhaust system, aluminum intercooler, sway bars, oil cooler, and limited slip differential. Models: * GT (HR34) – 2.0 L '' RB20DE NEO'' I6, , * 25GT (ER34) – 2.5 L '' RB25DE NEO'' I6, , * 25GT-X (ER34) – 2.5 L '' RB25DE NEO'' I6, , * 25GT-V (ER34) – 2.5 L '' RB25DE NEO'' I6, , * 25GT FOUR (ENR34) – 2.5 L '' RB25DE NEO'' I6, ,

* 25GT-X FOUR (ENR34) – 2.5 L '' RB25DE NEO'' I6, ,

* 25GT Turbo (ER34) – 2.5 L '' RB25DET NEO'' turbo I6, , * 25GT-X Turbo (ER34) – 2.5 L '' RB25DET NEO'' turbo I6, ,

GT-R (BNR34)

The GT-R reappeared in 1999, with a revised chassis and other updates. The R34 turbos received a ball bearing core. The R34 N1 turbos had a metal exhaust wheel, and ball bearing center section. The turbo outlet pipes were changed from cast to formed metal outlets. The intercooler outlet side and rear turbo dump pipe had temperature probes fitted in the V-spec models. Models: (all ATTESA E-TS Pro AWD) *GT-R – 2.6 L '' RB26DETT''

I6, (advertised as 276 hp) *GT-R V·spec – Additional aero parts, brake ventilation ducts,

diffuser Diffuser may refer to: Aerodynamics * Diffuser (automotive), a shaped section of a car's underbody which improves the car's aerodynamic properties * Part of a jet engine air intake, especially when operated at supersonic speeds * The channel betw ...

, ALSD. *GT-R V·spec UK – V·spec with three additional oil coolers, an extra measurement on the MFD, leather interior, new features on the display
Only 80 made
. *GT-R V·spec N1 - V·spec with Blueprinted N1 motor, no A/C, no stereo, no rear wiper, basic interior trim. (only 45 made) *GT-R V·spec II – As V·spec +

carbon fiber Carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (American English), carbon-fibre-reinforced polymers (Commonwealth English), carbon-fiber-reinforced plastics, carbon-fiber reinforced-thermoplastic (CFRP, CRP, CFRTP), also known as carbon fiber, carbon compo ...

hood with

NACA duct A NACA duct, also sometimes called a NACA scoop or NACA inlet, is a common form of low- drag air inlet design, originally developed by the U.S. National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), the precursor to NASA, in 1945. Design Prior su ...

. *GT-R V·spec II N1 – V·spec II with N1 motor, no A/C, no stereo, no rear wiper, basic interior trim. (only 18 made) *GT-R M·spec – Leather interior, softer suspension with "Ripple Control" dampers, heated seats. *GT-R V·spec II Nür – As above V·spec II + N1 motor, 300 km/h speedometer. (only 750 made) *GT-R M·spec Nür – As above M·spec + N1 motor, 300 km/h speedometer. (only 253 made) *GT-R NISMO S-tune- The S-tune - Tuning package from Nismo, targeting street drivers that want to bring out the "potential" of their GT-R. *GT-R NISMO R-tune- Same as the S-tune, the R-tune is further modified with more emphasize towards circuit racing. *GT-R NISMO Z-tune – 2.8 L (bored and stroked) 'RB28DETT'

I6, , Z1 and Z2 (Only 20 made)

Skyline GT-R M·spec (2001–02)

The M·spec is a version of the Nissan Skyline GT-R with ripple control shock absorbers, M·spec-specific leather seat (front/rear seat, with front seat heater), 3-spoke leather wrapped steering wheel, and a choice of four body colors (including Silica Breath (RPM/multi flex color)). The vehicle went on sale on May 8, 2001.

Skyline GT-R M·spec Nür, V·spec II Nür (2002)

The M·spec Nür and V·spec II Nür are limited (1000 units) versions of the Nissan Skyline GT-R with

Super Taikyu Super Taikyu (スーパー耐久, ''Super Endurance''), formerly known as the Super N1 Taikyu Series prior to 2005 and N1 Endurance Series prior to 1995, and currently named the Eneos Super Taikyu Series Powered by Hankook for sponsorship reasons, ...

N1 spec engine, for the Japanese market. It includes a 300 km/h speedometer, 3d grade name emblem, and an additional body color option (Millennium Jade Metallic). The vehicles went on sale on February 26, 2002.

Production

Production of the Skyline GT-R type R34 ended on August 29, 2002. Since the beginning of Skyline GT-R M·spec Nür and V·spec II Nür sales, 25% of vehicles sold were M・spec Nür, 75 of vehicles sold were V·spec II Nür. Millennium Jade, White Pearl, and White body colors have been used on 28%, 22%, 16% of M·spec Nür and V·spec II Nür vehicles respectively.

Marketing

As part of the Type R34 GT-R final campaign, all Skyline GT-R customers received a GT-R official photo album (「歴代GT-Rオフィシャル写真集＜限定版＞」) before January 24, 2002.

United States

A small number of R34 GT-Rs are legal in the United States despite not being compliant with the 25-year rule. An importer called Motorex crash-tested an R33, submitted emissions paperwork and certification to the

Environmental Protection Agency A biophysical environment is a biotic and abiotic surrounding of an organism or population, and consequently includes the factors that have an influence in their survival, development, and evolution. A biophysical environment can vary in scale f ...

, and modified others to meet US approval. The company ran into legal trouble after importing R32 and R34 models, but telling the government they were R33s. Motorex also stopped making the required (safety, US-spec gauges and reflectors, etc.) modifications needed in order for the cars to be sold in the US. After a 2005 raid on the company, Motorex was shut down. The government then sent letters to the owners of the disputed cars and made them US legal, since the cars were imported under false pretenses. An estimated twelve R34 GT-Rs are US-legal as a result of this. In 2018, the first R34 was legally imported under the FMVSS's "Show & Display" exemption. Currently, only the first 282 GT-Rs produced for 1999, finished in LV4 Midnight Purple II paint, and the 258 M-Spec Nür models are eligible under this exemption. All other R34s will become legally importable starting in 2024.

Eleventh generation (V35; 2001)

The 11th-generation (V35) Nissan Skyline, introduced in June 2001, was based on

's FM platform, shared with the

Nissan 350Z : The Nissan 350Z (known as Nissan Fairlady Z (Z33) in Japan) is a two-door, two-seater sports car that was manufactured by Nissan Motor Corporation from 2002 until 2009 and marks the fifth generation of Nissan's Z-car line. The 350Z entered prod ...

. The Nissan Skyline used a front-midship engine ( VQ35DE and others as below), rear-wheel-drive layout (four-wheel drive was available for the sedan) to achieve a 52%/48% weight distribution. The V35 was the first Skyline made for export to the United States. There it was sold under the company's luxury brand, Infiniti as the

Infiniti G35 The Infiniti G Line is a series of compact executive cars produced by Infiniti, a luxury division of Nissan, for the 1991–1996 and 1999–2016 model years. The first two generations of the Infiniti G (P10 and P11) were sedans based on the Niss ...

. The all-new Skyline was introduced at reorganized Nissan Japanese dealerships called ''

'' in conjunction with the reintroduced

Nissan Fairlady Z The Nissan Z-series is a model series of sports cars manufactured by Nissan in seven generations since 1969. The original Z was sold in October of 1969 in Japan as the at Nissan#Japan, Nissan Exhibition dealerships that previously sold the Ni ...

, sold exclusively at ''Nissan Blue Stage'' Japanese dealerships. The vehicle went on sale on June 18, 2001. Early models included the 250GT, 250GTe, and 300GT. Early Skyline Driving Helper model includes 250GT. The Skyline 250GT FOUR sedan includes ATTESA E-TS all wheel drive with 50:50 synchro mode, VQ25DD (NEO Di) engine, and a five-speed automatic transmission. It went on sale on September 26, 2001. The Skyline 250GTm sedan went on sale on January 13, 2002, while the Skyline 350GT-8 sedan went on sale on February 19, 2002. Beginning in 2002, the Skyline sedan was also sold in North America and Europe, where it was marketed as the

. The V35 broke with previous Skyline tradition - the first generation to offer no

, no turbocharger since the R30, and no GT-R version, a decision which extended to all later Skylines. The no turbocharger situation continued up until the V37 series, when the 2.0 L

Mercedes-Benz M274 The M270 and M274 are Turbocharger, turbocharged Inline-four engines produced by Mercedes-Benz since 2011. They are the successor to the previous Mercedes-Benz M266 engine, M266 and Mercedes-Benz M271 engine, M271 engines respectively. The engine ...

turbo I4 engine was introduced, as well as the 2019 update of the V37 with the introduction of a 3.0 L '' VR30DDTT'' twin-turbo V6 engine replacing the previous M274 engine. The intention had been for the model to use a different name, a decision reversed by Renault/Nissan CEO

Carlos Ghosn Carlos Ghosn (; ; ar, كارلوس غصن; , born 9 March 1954) is a businessman who holds Brazilian and French nationality. Ghosn was the CEO of Michelin North America, chairman and CEO of Renault, chairman of AvtoVAZ, chairman and CEO of Nis ...

, who choose to gear the V35 towards the luxury-sport market. Billing the 350Z as a pure sports car, Nissan put a slightly more powerful VQ35DE in the 350Z, and while the Skyline and the 350Z shared the same platform, the 350Z had additional bracing, under-body aero parts, and weighed less. Some fans refer to V35 as the "New Generation Skyline" due to drastic changes between the V35 series and its R34 predecessor. Nonetheless, as of 1 July 2001 (two weeks after launch), total domestic Japanese Skyline orders had reached 4200 units. Japanese tuners mostly ignored the V35 Skyline, the 2006 Tsukuba Super Lap Battle had not a single V35 entrant. Tuners such as Mines, Amuse, Hosaka, Garage Defend, M Speed, Nagisa, MCR, HKS, &

continued developing R32-R34 GT-Rs as time attack cars. Top Secret did tune a V35, but replaced the VQ35DE with a Twin Turbo VK45DE V8. Signal USA entered a V35 in

Formula D Formula Drift (also known as Formula D) is a United States-based motorsport drifting series. Formula Drift, Inc. was co-founded by Jim Liaw and Ryan Sage in 2003 as a sister company to Slipstream Global Marketing, the same partnership that int ...

, replacing the VQ35DE with an

SR20DET The SR20DET is a straight-four four-stroke gasoline engine that is part of the SR family of engines from Nissan, produced from 1989 to 2002. It is a turbocharged version of the SR20DE engine and is a replacement of the CA18DET engine. The SR ...

. Models: * 250GT (V35) – 2.5 L '' VQ25DD'' V6, , * 250GT Four (NV35) – 2.5 L ''VQ25DD'' V6, ,

* 300GT (HV35) – 3.0 L '' VQ30DD'' V6, , * 350GT-8 (PV35) – 3.5 L '' VQ35DE'' V6, , * 350GT Coupe (CPV35) – 3.5 L ''VQ35DE'' V6, , File:2001-2003 NISSAN SKYLINE SEDAN 250GT FOUR rear.jpg, 2001–2003 Nissan Skyline Sedan 250GT (V35, Japan) File:2003-2004 NISSAN SKYLINE 250GT rear.jpg, 2003–2004 Nissan Skyline Sedan 250GT (V35, Japan) File:2003-2005 NISSAN SKYLINE COUPE 5AT.jpg, 2003–2005 Nissan Skyline Coupe 350GT (CPV35, Japan) File:2003-2005 NISSAN SKYLINE COUPE 5AT rear.jpg, 2003–2005 Nissan Skyline Coupe 350GT (CPV35, Japan) File:Image-Skyline 250GT unmarked car interior.jpg, Interior

XVL concept (1999)

The XVL concept is a concept car demonstrating the FR L-class platform. It includes a 3.0L V6 direct-injection gasoline engine and sedan body. The vehicle was unveiled at the 1999

Tokyo Auto Show The is a biennial auto show held in October–November at the Tokyo Big Sight, Tokyo, Japan for cars, motorcycles and commercial vehicles. Hosted by the Japan Automobile Manufacturers Association (JAMA), it is a recognized international show ...

Changes

2004-2006 NISSAN SKYLINE SEDAN V35 250GT FOUR.jpg, 2004–2006 Nissan Skyline 250GT FOUR (NV35, Japan) File:2004-2006 NISSAN SKYLINE SEDAN V35 250GT FOUR rear.jpg, 2004–2006 Nissan Skyline 250GT FOUR (NV35, Japan) Japanese NISSAN Skyline V35.jpg, 2005–2006 Nissan Skyline 350GT Coupe (CPV35, Japan) For 2003 the design of the radiator grille, headlamp inner panels, and sills were altered. The interior and mirrors were altered, while the suspension and braking systems were also refined. The Skyline Coupe was introduced as a version of Nissan Skyline Sport Coupe for Japanese market. Also, the Skyline 350GT went on sale. It is a version of the Skyline V35 sport sedan with a six-speed manual transmission for the Japanese market, only available with the 3.5-liter engine. The Skyline 350GT and Skyline 350GT Premium sedan went on sale on June 3, 2003. For 2004 both coupe and sedans were altered, with updated interiors and improved transmissions. The five-speed automatic transmission on the 350GT Premium now included synchro rev control, while the 6-speed manual transmission was made to vibrate less. For the sedan, the front grill/bumper, foot panel,

head lamp A headlamp is a lamp attached to the front of a vehicle to illuminate the road ahead. Headlamps are also often called headlights, but in the most precise usage, ''headlamp'' is the term for the device itself and ''headlight'' is the term for ...

, rear bumper, and rear combination lamps were changed. The front seats received active headrest, while the rear middle seat now have a three-point seat belt as standard. There were also some new wheels and a 19-inch option for the coupé. The Skyline's 2005 update again included changes to the head and rear lamps, front bumper, and side sill protectors. Also, 19-inch aluminum alloy wheel became standard for automatic transmission cars. A "plasma cluster ion" full air conditioner with left/right independent temperature settings, heated door mirrors, headlamp auto levelizer (compliant with new legislation) was made standard equipment.

Body styles

Twelfth generation (V36/J50; 2006)

Initial release

The Skyline Sedan went on sale on November 11, 2006, with an update to the Skyline Coupe beginning in fall 2007. Early models included the 250GT, 250GT FOUR, and 350GT. The model ditched the round headlights of the V35 for sharper looking units. It was first available only as a 4-door sedan in Japan and was also sold in the US as the 2007 Infiniti G35. On May 13, 2008, Nissan announced that a convertible variant of the

Infiniti G37 The Infiniti G Line is a series of compact executive cars produced by Infiniti, a luxury division of Nissan, for the 1991–1996 and 1999–2016 model years. The first two generations of the Infiniti G (P10 and P11) were sedans based on the Niss ...

(US Spec Skyline coupe) would be produced for the 2009 model year. The convertible is not available in Japan. 2010 NISSAN SKYLINE SEDAN 250GT rear.jpg, 2010 Nissan Skyline Sedan 250GT (V36, Japan) Nissan Skyline 370GT Type SP 55th Limited interior.jpg, Interior

Skyline 370GT Coupe (DBA-CKV36, 2007—2014 )

Introduced in 2007 for the 2008 model year, it is a Japanese version of the Infiniti G37 coupe. 18-inch wheels are used on the base and 370GT Type P cars, while Type S and Type SP cars include 19-inch wheels. The Skyline Coupe went on sale on October 2, 2007. Early models include 370GT, 370GT Type P, 370GT Type S and 370GT Type SP. The 3.7 L VQ37VHR V6 motor has a power output of (at the motor). 2007 Nissan V36 Skyline Coupe.JPG, 2007 Nissan Skyline Coupe 370GT (CKV36, Japan) 2012 Nissan Skyline Coupe 370GT Type S.jpg, 2012 Nissan Skyline Coupe 370GT Type S (CKV36, Japan)

250GT sedan (DBA-V36, DBA-NV36)

The 250GT sedan is a Japanese version of the Infiniti G25 sedan. Four-wheel drive is standard on 250GT FOUR models (NV36, where N stands for AWD). The 250GT Type S was introduced for the 2008 model year. 17-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges, except for the 250GT Type S, which has 18-inch wheels.

350GT sedan

The 350GT sedan is a Japanese version of the Infiniti G35 sedan. Four-wheel active steering is available in Type S and Type SP as option.

50th Limited (2007–08)

The 50th Limited is an option for Skyline Sedan models 250GT Type P, 350GT Type P, 350GT Type SP, and 250GT FOUR Type P, commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Nissan Skyline. The interior is marked with anniversary red leather seats and serial-numbered front glass. The vehicle was unveiled in the 2007 Tokyo Motor Show. The 50th Limited models, along with 250GT Type S, went on sale from November 27, 2007 until March 31, 2008.

Skyline Coupe Aero-Sports Concept, Skyline Aero Package Concept (2008)

The Skyline Aero Package Concept is a version of the Skyline Sedan 350GT Type SP with dynamic front and rear spoilers, re-designed sporty front grill and chromed alloy wheels. The Skyline Coupe Aero-Sports Concept is a version of the Skyline Coupe 370GT Type SP with new exterior and interior looks with new aero parts and seat materials. The vehicles were unveiled at the 2008

Tokyo Auto Salon The is an annual auto show held in January at the Makuhari Messe, Chiba City, Japan for Performance and custom aftermarket parts and technology displays. Hosted by thNippon Auto Parts Aftermarket Committee (NAPAC) The Tokyo Auto Salon is one of ...

, followed by the 2008 Nissan Customize Car Show.

Body styles

Models

Transmissions

Production

As of November 28, 2006, sales of the Nissan Skyline sedan reached 4144 units. As of December 18, 2006, sales of the Nissan Skyline sedan reached 6612 units. As of October 16, 2007, sales of the Nissan Skyline coupe reached 1562 units.

Marketing

As part of the Nissan Skyline's 50th anniversary, information on Nissan Skyline could be found in the

PlayStation 3 The PlayStation 3 (PS3) is a home video game console developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment, Sony Computer Entertainment. The successor to the PlayStation 2, it is part of the PlayStation brand of consoles. It was first released on Novemb ...

version of the '' Gran Turismo'' video game. As part of the Nissan Skyline's launch event, a Touch&Feel - New SKYLINE event began in Nissan Gallery. As part of the Nissan Skyline's 50th anniversary, a Grand Touring Japan event took place starting on March 10, 2007. Following the event, the Grand Touring ~ Legend&Future event was staged at Tokyo Midtown, showcasing 12 generations of the Nissan Skyline. The event continued in Nissan Gallery at Ginza with a chance of winning a Skyline postcard. As part of the Nissan Skyline's 50th anniversary,

Warner Music Japan Warner Music Group's labels include the following. Flagship labels *Atlantic Records *Elektra Records *Parlophone Records *Warner Records Atlantic Records Group * 1st & 15th Entertainment * Nipsey Hussle, All Money In * Mike Caren, Artist Par ...

published ''Skyline 50th Anniversary CD'', featuring music from Nissan Skyline commercials. Skyline model cars had also been produced. As part of the Nissan Skyline Coupe launch, a series of 15 accessories under the SKYLINE collection label, including wallet, card case, key ring (leather, engine cover, and 370GT), intelligent key case, Zippo lighter, Skyline Coupe T-shirt (grey), SKYLINE COUPE pins (in vibrant red, brilliant silver, strafia blue, white pearl, super black, fountain blue, and lunar mare silver) went on sale at Nissan online shop beginning October 2007.

2007 update

Sedan changes include: * Scratch shield body paint for all body color * New body color crystal white pearl (3-coat pearl) is added for a total of six color choices * Uses Skyline Coupe mirror * Aluminum finisher color change * Rear middle seat includes adjustable headrest, door lower soft touch material * V6 engine model uses VQ35HR engine, 5-speed automatic transmission * Intelligent air conditioner as standard equipment (except 250GT, 250GT FOUR) * Active ABS as standard equipment * curtain airbag, side airbag at front seats as standard equipment

2008 update

Coupe changes include: * Scratch shield body paint for all body color * New body color crystal white pearl (3-coat pearl) is added for a total of seven color choices * Walk-in level color change * Door grip finisher handle change * Intelligent air conditioner, privacy glass as standard equipment The vehicles went on sale on December 2, 2008. Early Sedan models include the 250GT, 250GT FOUR, and 370GT. Early Coupe models include the 370GT.

370GT sedan (DBA-KV36)

Introduced in 2008 for the 2009 model year, the 370GT sedan is a Japanese version of the

sedan. It replaced the 350GT sedan. 7-speed automatic transmission 18-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges, except for the 370GT Type P, which has 17-inch wheels.

Skyline Crossover (DBA-J50, DBA-NJ50)

Introduced in 2009, the Skyline Crossover is based on the

Infiniti EX The Infiniti QX50, previously the Infiniti EX or Nissan Skyline Crossover until 2013, is a compact luxury crossover SUV produced by Infiniti, the luxury vehicle division of Japanese automaker Nissan. The first-generation QX50 is a minor model upd ...

37, for Japan market. The vehicle was unveiled at Nissan Galleries nationwide beginning on April 18, 2009, and later with all seven body color variants at Nissan Galleries. Sales of the Skyline Crossover began on July 13, 2009. Early models include the 370GT (Type P) and 370GT FOUR (Type P). Four-wheel drive is standard on 370GT FOUR models. 18-inch wheels are standard for all model ranges.

Body styles

Models

Transmissions

2010 update

Skyline Sedan, Coupe (2010-)

Changes include: * 7-speed automatic transmission option for 2-wheel drive Skyline Sedan with the 2.5-liter V6 engine * Skyline Sedan 250GT Type P, 250GT Type V, 250GT Four Type P, 250GT Four Type V, 250GT Four and 250GT A package models receive appearance enhancements designed to create a sharper, more masculine look. In front are a new grille, bumper and headlamps. The fog lights are moved down to the bumper (previously, the fog lights were integrated into the headlights), offering a more aggressive feel. The rear bumper has also been redesigned and there is also a new 17-inch aluminum-alloy wheel design. * Skyline Sedan sport versions (370GT Type SP, 370GT Type SP, 250GT Type S) receive a special wider, low-centered body design for a more dynamic, sporty appeal. Changes include a new unique grille, front bumper, headlights, rear bumper and use of black trim for the inner headlamp panels. * Skyline Sedan body color choice is expanded to 6, including new Dark Metal Grey (metallic) and Vibrant Red (solid). * The center console trim has been redesigned to express greater volume (AT models only), with the center armrest reshaped for better integration with the console. * New soft materials are utilized for the console sides and cupholder lid and there are new patterns and shades for the genuine aluminum and genuine wood trim. * The Skyline Sedan adds modified Beige and Black interior color treatments. * Enhancements to the instrument panel include white illumination for the vehicle information display and instrument indicator, as well as standardized lettering for speedometer and tachometer. * The Intelligent Cruise Control system now works between 0 and about 100 km/h (not available with Sedan 250GT A package; a manufacturer option for Coupe 370GT Type P and 370GT). * Both Sedan and Coupe come with the HDD Carwings navigation system, which now offers enhanced entertainment features, including a built-in digital terrestrial broadcast tuner and USB connections for iPod and other music playback devices (offered on all models except the Sedan 250GT A package and Coupe 370GT A package). * An upgraded intelligent air-conditioning system is also standard on all models, except the Sedan 250GT and 250GT A package and Coupe 370GT A package. The revised Skyline Sedan and Coupe went on sale on January 6, 2010.

Skyline Coupe, Crossover (2010–)

Coupe changes include: * Wheel design change * New body color shining blue (pearl metallic) for a total of seven colors Crossover changes include: * New body colors ceramic blue (metallic), dark metal grey (metallic), franboise red (2-coat pearl) for a total of six colors The revised Skyline Sedan and Crossover went on sale on November 15, 2010.

Skyline 55th Limited Edition (2011–2013)

The sedan version of 55th Limited is a limited (555 units) edition of Skyline sedan, commemorating 55th anniversary of Nissan Skyline. Changes include anniversary edition red leather seats with front seat heater, 55th anniversary embroidering at front seats, black interior and garnet black (pearl) exterior. Sedan version, covering the 250GT Type P, 250GT FOUR Type P, and 370GT Type SP, went on sale between December 19, 2011 and April 30, 2013 for ¥3,990,000, ¥4,221,000, and ¥4,515,000, respectively. The Coupe version is a limited (55 units) edition of Skyline 370GT coupe, commemorating 55th anniversary of Nissan Skyline. Changes are the same as the 55th Limited Edition Skyline Sedan. Covering 370GT Type P and 370GT Type SP, the Coupe version went on sale between February 10, 2012 and April 30, 2013. A customized version of Skyline Sedan (with high intensity LEDs and S-tune items, wide, low-center-of-gravity optional parts) was unveiled in the 2012

Skyline Crossover (2012–)

Changes include: intelligent cruise control, lane departure prevention, lane departure warning, forward collision warning, front seat emergency brake sensing pre-crash seat belt, intelligent brake assist, steering wheel switches (audio navigation, voice command, hands-free phone, intelligent cruise control, lane departure prevention) become standard equipment. The revised Skyline Crossover, covering 370GT (Type P) and 370GT FOUR (Type P), went on sale on October 25, 2012.

Body styles

Models

Transmissions

Marketing

Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. and Minami Kanto Regional Office, Japan Post Network Co., Ltd. announced the sales of original frame stamps titled History of Cars "Nissan (Skyline)" (5000 units) and History of Cars "Nissan (Electric Vehicles)" (1000 units). The designs of these original frame stamps are based on Nissan's successive Skylines and electric vehicles. The frame stamps went on sale from February 1 to August 31, 2010. King Records published the Nissan Skyline CM collection, featuring a compilation of Nissan Skyline commercials. As part of the 55th anniversary of the Nissan Skyline, a draw of 500 ''Skyline meets Eizin Suzuki 2013'' calendars were distributed in December 2012.

2014 update

Skyline Crossover (2014-2016)

Changes include standard electric glass sunroof and roof rail as standard equipment, eliminated body color choice franboise red (2-coat pearl) for a total of 4 colors. Japan models went on sale in 2014-07-22. Early models included 370GT, 370GT Type P, 370GT FOUR Type P, 370GT FOUR.

Body styles

Models

Transmissions

Thirteenth generation (V37; 2014)

Skyline sedan (2014)

Nissan Skyline 350GT Hybrid Type SP rear

Nissan Skyline 350GT Hybrid Type SP interior

The design was of the

Infiniti Q50 The Infiniti Q50 is a compact executive car manufactured by Nissan for its luxury brand, Infiniti. Replacing the G/Q40 sedan, it debuted at the 2013 North American International Auto Show and went on sale in North America in the third quarter ...

sedan, with

badge at front grille. Other major changes were the debut of the electric-gasoline hybrid powertrain in the range and the revival of 4-cylinder engines and turbocharged models. In a major departure from previous generations, the V37 Skyline is only available as a 4-door sedan. Japan models were set to go on sale in February 2014. Early models include 350GT HYBRID, 350GT HYBRID Type P, 350GT HYBRID Type SP, 350GT FOUR HYBRID, 350GT FOUR HYBRID Type P, 350GT FOUR HYBRID Type SP. 200GT-t, 200GT-t Type P, 200GT-t Type SP went on sale on June 5, 2014 through Nissan dealers.

Skyline Cool Exclusive (2015-2016)

Based on Skyline sedan models 200GT-t Type P, 200GT-t Type SP, 350GT HYBRID Type P, 350GT HYBRID Type SP, 350GT FOUR HYBRID Type P, and 350GT FOUR HYBRID Type SP, it included Stone White high contrast interior (Stone White leather seats, Cool Exclusive door trim in high contrast color, Cool Exclusive console lid in Stone White), aluminum finisher, Midnight Black grille and a

BOSE Bose may refer to: * Bose (crater), a lunar crater * ''Bose'' (film), a 2004 Indian Tamil film starring Srikanth and Sneha * Bose (surname), a surname (and list of people with the name) * Bose, Italy, a ''frazioni'' in Magnano, Province of Biella ...

audio system. Japan models went on sale on 21 December 2015.

Skyline 60th Limited (2016-2017)

The Skyline 60th Limited is a version of Skyline sedan commemorating the 60th anniversary of the Nissan Skyline. Available for models 200GT-t Type SP, 350GT HYBRID Type SP, 350GT FOUR HYBRID Type SP, it included semi-aniline leather upholstery in all seats, an optional BOSE Performance Series sound system (new tweeters at rear doors, 16 speakers, new front door tweeter) and an aurora flare blue pearl (2-coat pearl) body color option for a total of 9 color choices. Japan models went on sale on 7 November 2016.

2017 update

Changes include redesigned bumper for Type SP, Type P, 350 GT HYBRID models, 9 body colors (including Imperial Amber), new standard Cutting brilliant 19-inch aluminum wheel for Type SP and 18-inch aluminum wheel with chrome color coat for Type P models, reduced size of the horn pad, stitches added to the instrument panel, ring lighting of the analog meter is changed to gray and new Ambient Light System option. Japan models went on sale on 20 December 2017. NISSAN SKYLINE2017(Y37).jpg, 2017–2019 Nissan Skyline (V37, Japan) Osaka Motor Show 2017 (109) - Nissan SKYLINE 200GT-t Type SP (DBA-YV37).jpg, 2017–2019 Nissan Skyline 200GT-t Type SP (V37, Japan) Osaka Motor Show 2017 (110) - Nissan SKYLINE 200GT-t Type SP (DBA-YV37).jpg, 2017–2019 Nissan Skyline 200GT-t Type SP (V37, Japan) The interior of Nissan SKYLINE 350GT HYBRID Type SP (DAA-HV37).jpg, Interior

2019 update

Changes include redesigned front fascia to be more similar to the R35 GT-R, reuse of Nissan logo emblems, rounded taillamps akin to older Skyline models, addition of 3.0 L '' VR30DDTT'' twin turbo V6 engine option and discontinuation of '' Mercedes-Benz 274930'' engine option, and introduction of ProPilot 2.0 safety system. This update also reintroduced the "400R" moniker, which is equivalent to the US market Q50 Red Sport 400 grade. The 400R grade has a power output of from its ''VR30DDTT'' engine. Japan models went on sale on 16 July 2019. NIssan SKYLINE Turbo GT Type SP (5BA-RV37).jpg, 2021 Nissan Skyline GT Type SP (RV37, Japan) The frontview of Nissan SKYLINE HYBRID GT Type SP (DAA-HV37).jpg, 2019 Nissan Skyline Hybrid GT Type SP (HV37, Japan) 2019 Nissan Skyline Hybrid GT Type SP rear.jpg, 2019 Nissan Skyline Hybrid GT Type SP (HV37, Japan) Nissan SKYLINE 400R (5BA-RV37) front.jpg, 2020 Nissan Skyline 400R (RV37, Japan) 2019 Nissan Skyline Turbo GT Type SP interior.jpg, Interior

Body styles

Engines

350GT FOUR HYBRID models include

system.

Transmissions

Equipment

Beginning with 2016-04-18, 350GT HYBRID, 350GT FOUR HYBRID, 200GT-t models include all-direction support system in the emergency brake.

Production

Skyline sedan was built in Tochigi Plant (Kaminokawa-machi, Kawachi-gun, Tochigi prefecture). The

engine and automatic transmission used by Skyline 200GT-t sedan were built by Daimler. 11,673 Skyline sedans were recalled due to faulty direct adaptive steering program leading to steering wheel fail to return to neutral position, which can be triggered by steering a parked vehicle when starting engine.

Marketing

The Skyline sedan was targeted towards males over the age of 40. Also, the Nissan branding was not used on this generation Skyline, therefore, it is neither referred to as a Nissan or an Infiniti, but simply "Skyline." On 6 August 2015, Japan Post released a personalized stamp set based on Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R (Type KPGC10), including 10 stamps and a model car for the featured vehicle. On 1 March 2016, Japan Post released a personalized stamp set based on Nissan Skyline 2000GT-R (Type KPGC110), including 10 stamps and a model car for the featured vehicle. On 16 June 2017, Japan Post released Skyline 60th Anniversary original goods collection for catalogue, and Skyline 60th anniversary original goods for net shop. The catalogue collection includes pin badge set, Skyline 60th Anniversary and Nissan Skyline 2000GT (GC10) posters, set of 6 tumbler cups in RB26 engine-theme case, Skyline round table lamp with 8 plates, Duralumin card cases in Skyline 60th Anniversary and Skyline Hardtop 2000 Turbo RS stylings, Artket cloth/cushion in Skyline 60th Anniversary and Skyline 2000GT-R (KPGC110) designs. Net shop items include Skyline 60th Anniversary pure gold plaque with ALSI Skyline deluxe made by Ginza Tanaka, 1/6th scale GT-R S20 engine model.

References

External links

*Nissan Skyline page
Nissan Skyline official website

Nissan Skyline Special websiteNissan Heritage Collection page

V35

Skyline press information 2001.6.18Nissan XVL page
*Sedan
2001–022002–032004–05

2005–06
*Coupe
2004–05

2005–062006–07

V36/J50

*Sedan
2006–10

2010–13
*Coupe
2007–10
{{Nissan

Skyline A skyline is the outline or shape viewed near the horizon. It can be created by a city’s overall structure, or by human intervention in a rural setting, or in nature that is formed where the sky meets buildings or the land. City skylines ...

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