The Borough of Middlesbrough is a

borough A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term ''borough'' designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely. History In the Middle Ag ...

with

unitary authority A unitary authority is a local authority responsible for all local government functions within its area or performing additional functions that elsewhere are usually performed by a higher level of sub-national government or the national governmen ...

status in

North Yorkshire North Yorkshire is the largest ceremonial county (lieutenancy area) in England, covering an area of . Around 40% of the county is covered by national parks, including most of the Yorkshire Dales and the North York Moors. It is one of four co ...

, England, based around the town of

Middlesbrough Middlesbrough ( ) is a town on the southern bank of the River Tees in North Yorkshire, England. It is near the North York Moors national park. It is the namesake and main town of its local borough council area. Until the early 1800s, the ...

in the north of the county. It is in the

Tees Valley Tees Valley is a mayoral combined authority and Local enterprise partnership area in northern England, around the River Tees. The area is not a geographical valley. The LEP was established in 2011 and the combined authority was establish ...

mayoralty In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well as ...

along with

Stockton-on-Tees Stockton-on-Tees, often simply referred to as Stockton, is a market town in the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees in County Durham, England. It is on the northern banks of the River Tees, part of the Teesside built-up area. The town had an estimat ...

Redcar and Cleveland Redcar and Cleveland is a borough with unitary authority status in North Yorkshire, England. Its main settlements are Redcar, South Bank, Eston, Brotton, Guisborough, the Greater Eston part of Middlesbrough, Loftus, Saltburn and Skelton. Th ...

Hartlepool Hartlepool () is a seaside and port town in County Durham, England. It is the largest settlement and administrative centre of the Borough of Hartlepool. With an estimated population of 90,123, it is the second-largest settlement in County D ...

and

Darlington Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. The River Skerne flows through the town; it is a tributary of the River Tees. The Tees itself flows south of the town. In the 19th century, Darlington underw ...

boroughs. Nunthorpe along with

Stainton and Thornton Stainton and Thornton is a civil parish in Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. It consists of the two villages Stainton and Thornton. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 1,243. History The ancient parish of Stainton ...

have statutory parish councils.

History

From the county's creation in 1889 (from the historic subdivision of

Yorkshire Yorkshire ( ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a Historic counties of England, historic county in northern England and by far the largest in the United Kingdom. Because of its large area in comparison with other Eng ...

) areas under Middlesbrough's governance remained part of

North Riding of Yorkshire The North Riding of Yorkshire is a subdivision of Yorkshire, England, alongside York, the East Riding and West Riding. The riding's highest point is at Mickle Fell with 2,585 ft (788 metres). From the Restoration it was used ...

county for varing amounts of self-governance. The final iteration of this governance was reconstituted as a

non-metropolitan district Non-metropolitan districts, or colloquially "shire districts", are a type of local government district in England. As created, they are sub-divisions of non-metropolitan counties (colloquially ''shire counties'') in a two-tier arrangement. Non- ...

in the county of

Cleveland Cleveland ( ), officially the City of Cleveland, is a city in the United States, U.S. U.S. state, state of Ohio and the county seat of Cuyahoga County, Ohio, Cuyahoga County. Located in the northeastern part of the state, it is situated along ...

(the county itself governed from Middlesbrough) in 1974. Since 1996, for ceremonial purposes, the district is part of North Yorkshire as a

Fire Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products. At a certain point in the combustion reaction, called the ignition point, flames ...

and

Police The police are a Law enforcement organization, constituted body of Law enforcement officer, persons empowered by a State (polity), state, with the aim to law enforcement, enforce the law, to ensure the safety, health and possessions of citize ...

, however, remain as well as the borough's placement in North East England instead of

Yorkshire and the Humber Yorkshire and the Humber is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes. The population in 2011 was 5,284,000 with its largest settlements being Leeds, Sheffield, Bradford, Hull, and York. It is ...

, which large parts of North Yorkshire is in. It is included within the

combined authority A combined authority is a type of local government institution introduced in England outside Greater London by the Local Democracy, Economic Development and Construction Act 2009. Combined authorities are created voluntarily and allow a grou ...

area of

for strategic purposes.

Areas of the borough

The borough contains the following areas: * Acklam *

Berwick Hills Berwick Hills is a suburb in the Borough of Middlesbrough in North Yorkshire, England with a population of 4,465. It is east of Middlesbrough centre. The ward it belongs to is shared with the smaller area of Pallister, both are separated by Or ...

Brambles Farm Brambles Farm is a small housing estate in east Middlesbrough, England with a population of 3,200. It lies to the north of Thorntree and east of Pallister. Schools Brambles Primary Academy, part of the Navigate Academies Trust, is a primary sc ...

* Coulby Newham *

Easterside Easterside is an area in the Ladgate ward of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. It is bounded to the east by Marton Road (A172) and by B1380 (Ladgate Lane) to the south. It had a population of 2,842 in 2011. Ladgate Ward Ladgate ward is n ...

* Grove Hill *

Hemlington Hemlington is an area of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. It is centred around a lake and is in the Borough of Middlesbrough's south-western outskirts. In 2015, the Hemlington Ward had a population of 6,557, 4.74% of Middlesbrough's res ...

* Linthorpe *

Middlehaven Middlehaven is the oldest district in Middlesbrough, situated to the north of the current centre, North Yorkshire, England. It is adjacent to the Transporter Bridge and by the River Tees to the north, and the railway (originally) and A66 in the ...

* Nunthorpe *

Ormesby Ormesby is an area which is split between Borough of Middlesbrough and Borough of Redcar and Cleveland in North Yorkshire, England. It is in the Middlesbrough part of the Teesside built up area. Spencer Beck to the east and the B1380 road to ...

Pallister Pallister is an area in the borough of Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. It is located within the TS3 postcode area. The Pallister Ward (shared with the larger Berwick Hills) had population at the 2011 Census of 6,069, the ward was la ...

* Stainton * Saltersgill * Thornton *

Thorntree Thorntree is a housing estate in east Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. The former Thorntree Ward's population was 6,290, at the 2011 census. Since 2015, the estate shares a ward with Brambles Farm. The housing estate was built in the l ...

Tollesby Tollesby is a residential area within the Middlesbrough ward of Ladgate in North Yorkshire North Yorkshire is the largest ceremonial county (lieutenancy area) in England, covering an area of . Around 40% of the county is covered by natio ...

West Lane West Lane, or Acklam Green, is an area in West Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. It is within the TS5 postcode area and bounded by Whinney Banks to the south; Newport, Ayresome and Gresham to the north; Linthorpe to the east and the A19 ...

Whinney Banks Whinney Banks is an area in west Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire, England. The area is on the Old River Tees The River Tees (), in Northern England, rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the North Pennines and flows eastwards for t ...

Structure

The borough is made up of 19 council wards (formerly 21 as Gresham ward merged with Newport ward between the

2011 File:2011 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: a protester partaking in Occupy Wall Street heralds the beginning of the Occupy movement; protests against Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi, who was killed that October; a young man celebrates ...

and

2021 File:2021 collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: the James Webb Space Telescope was launched in 2021; Protesters in Yangon, Myanmar following the coup d'état; A civil demonstration against the October 2021 coup in Sudan; Crowd shortly after t ...

censuses) within the borough of Middlesbrough. Each ward has a non-statutory community committee. They is also two statutory parish councils for "Nunthorpe" and "Stainton and Thornton". East, north and west Middlesbrough as well as parts of Park End-and-Beckfield, Berwick-Hils-and-Pallister and Ladgate are covered by the Middlesbrough parliamentary constituency. South Middlesbrough as well as the other parts of the wards are covered by the Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland parliamentary constituency. Middlesbrough panorama

The council operates a with directly elected Mayor of Middlesbrough. The political composition of the council, as of the May 2019 local election, is Independent 23, Labour 20; and Conservative 3. Teesside International Airport (formerly known as Durham Tees Valley Airport), is joint owned by the borough and the other four Tees Valley councils The council also owns multiple buildings in the borough.

Mayor

Andy Preston speaking at a charity event in Middlesbrough

The first Mayor of Middlesbrough was the German-born Henry Bolckow in 1853. In the 20th century, encompassing introduction of

universal suffrage Universal suffrage (also called universal franchise, general suffrage, and common suffrage of the common man) gives the right to vote to all adult citizens, regardless of wealth, income, gender, social status, race, ethnicity, or political sta ...

in 1918 and changes in

local government in the United Kingdom Local government in the United Kingdom has origins that pre-date the United Kingdom itself, as each of the four countries of the United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (UK), since 1922, comprises three constitu ...

, the role of mayor changed and became largely ceremonial. In 2001, as part of a wider programme of devolution, voters in Middlesbrough were offered a referendum to decide between a directly elected mayor or the

cabinet system A cabinet is a body of high-ranking State (polity), state officials, typically consisting of the Executive (government), executive branch's top leaders. Members of a cabinet are usually called cabinet Minister (government), ministers or se ...

then in operation, with the traditional civic and ceremonial functions of the Mayors being transferred to the Chair of Middlesbrough Council, which they did so by a large margin. In 2002,

Ray Mallon Ray Mallon (born 1955) is a British politician who served as the independent Mayor of Middlesbrough from 2002 to 2015. Prior to his political career he served in the police until he resigned after pleading guilty to charges of misconduct. Ear ...

(Independent), formerly a senior officer in

Cleveland Police Cleveland Police is the territorial police force responsible for the policing area corresponding to the former county of Cleveland in Northern England. As of September 2017, the force had 1,274 police officers, 278 police staff, 124 police com ...

, became Middlesbrough's first directly elected mayor. He was re-elected in 2007 and then in 2011. Mallon chose not to stand for a fourth term in 2015 and his deputy mayor,

Dave Budd David L. Budd (born October 28, 1938) is a retired American basketball player who played for the National Basketball Association's New York Knicks. Early life Budd grew up in Woodbury and attended Woodbury Junior-Senior High School. By sophom ...

(Labour) was elected to succeed him. Budd decided not to stand for a second term and in the May 2019 mayoral election, local businessman Andy Preston (independent) won with 59% of the vote.

Demography

Borough

The borough of Middlesbrough's total resident population was , by the The population of Middlesbrough as a county borough peaked at almost 165,000 in the late 1960s, however this has declined since the early 1980s before starting to recover in the 2010s. Women in the former Middlehaven ward (absorbed into the central ward) had the second lowest life expectancy at birth, 74 years, of any ward in England and Wales in 2016. In the borough of Middlesbrough, 14.0% of the population were non-white British. This makes the town about as ethnically diverse as

Exeter Exeter () is a city in Devon, South West England. It is situated on the River Exe, approximately northeast of Plymouth and southwest of Bristol. In Roman Britain, Exeter was established as the base of Legio II Augusta under the personal comm ...

. Additionally, it has a lower indigenous population than

Gateshead Gateshead () is a large town in northern England. It is on the River Tyne's southern bank, opposite Newcastle to which it is joined by seven bridges. The town contains the Millennium Bridge, The Sage, and the Baltic Centre for Contemporary ...

and

South Shields South Shields () is a coastal town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England. It is on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne. Historically, it was known in Roman times as Arbeia, and as Caer Urfa by Early Middle Ages. According to the 20 ...

which are further north on the other side of

County Durham County Durham ( ), officially simply Durham,UK General Acts 1997 c. 23Lieutenancies Act 1997 Schedule 1(3). From legislation.gov.uk, retrieved 6 April 2022. is a ceremonial county in North East England.North East Assembly �About North East E ...

but now in

Tyne and Wear Tyne and Wear () is a metropolitan county in North East England, situated around the mouths of the rivers Tyne and Wear. It was created in 1974, by the Local Government Act 1972, along with five metropolitan boroughs of Gateshead, Newcas ...

although historically within County Durham. It is also the second most ethnically diverse settlement in the North East (after Newcastle).

Built-up area sub-division

The wider Middlesbrough built-up area sub-division had a population of 174,700 according to the 2011 census. The suburbs which make up the area known as Greater Eston, which in eastern

are often considered part of Middlesbrough outside of the borough.

Economy

This is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of Middlesbrough at current basic price
published
(pp. 240–253) by ''Office for National Statistics'' with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling. includes hunting and forestry includes energy and construction includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured Components may not sum to totals due to rounding

Freedom of the Borough

The following people and military units have received the Freedom of the Borough of Middlesbrough.

Individuals

Councillor A councillor is an elected representative for a local government council in some countries. Canada Due to the control that the provinces have over their municipal governments, terms that councillors serve vary from province to province. Unl ...

Joseph Calvert : 7 November 1919. * L. Taylor – 30 March 1967 (deceased 23 May 1983) * Right Rev. Monsignor Canon M O'Sullivan – 26 March 1968 (deceased 6 May 1978) * Mrs Mary A. Daniel – 16 October 1974 (deceased 23 December 1983) * Mrs Ethel A. Gaunt – 16 October 1974 (deceased 10 June 1990) * Rt. Hon. Lord Bottomley of Middlesbrough in the County of Cleveland – 21 December 1976 (deceased 3 November 1995) * Councillor Mr E. A. Dickinson MBE – 8 May 1981 (deceased 2001) * Mrs Rose M. Haston – 9 May 1986 (deceased 22 January 1991) * Councillor Mr Arthur Pearson CBE – 9 May 1986 (deceased 23 February 1997) * Councillor Mr Robert I. Smith – 9 May 1986 (deceased 23 February 1993) * Councillor W. Ferrier MBE – 16 June 1992 (deceased 4 March 2015) * Councillor Miss G. Popple – 16 June 1992 (deceased 10 May 2003) * Councillor Mr Len Poole BEM JP – 16 June 1992 (deceased 15 May 2011) * Mr John Robert Foster OBE – 8 March 1996 * Alma Collin MBE – 15 March 2000 (deceased 2014) * Councillor Mrs Hazel Pearson OBE – 3 December 2003 (deceased 5 February 2016) * Mr Steve Gibson – 18 March 2004 * Mr

Jack Hatfield John Gatenby Hatfield (15 August 1893 – 30 March 1965) was an English competitive swimmer and water polo player who represented Great Britain internationally. Hatfield won three medals at the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, Sweden, and com ...

– 30 June 2009 (deceased January 2014) * Mr Mackenzie Thorpe – 11 April 2019 *

Gareth Southgate Gareth Southgate (born 3 September 1970) is an English professional football manager and former player who played as a defender and midfielder. He has been the manager of the England national team since 2016. Southgate won the League Cu ...

- 28 July 2021.

Military units

* The

Green Howards The Green Howards (Alexandra, Princess of Wales's Own Yorkshire Regiment), frequently known as the Yorkshire Regiment until the 1920s, was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, in the King's Division. Raised in 1688, it served under vario ...

: 13 May 1944, transferred to the

Yorkshire Regiment The Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th, 19th and 33rd/76th Foot) (abbreviated YORKS) is an infantry regiment of the British Army, created by the amalgamation of three historic regiments in 2006. It lost one battalion as part of the Army 2020 defence ...

: 25 October 2006. * The 34th (Northern) Signal Regiment (Volunteers): 29 April 1972. * , RN: 15 March 2000.

References

External links

* https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/open-data-foi-and-have-your-say/about-middlesbrough-and-local-statistics/ward-profiles * https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/ * http://www.thisismiddlesbrough.com/local/Contact_Middlesbrough_Council.asp * https://www.lovemiddlesbrough.com/ * https://british-police-history.uk/f/middlesbrough-borough * https://www.lgo.org.uk/your-councils-performance/middlesbrough-borough-council/statistics * https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/topics/c5xyn3yw11kt/middlesbrough-borough-council * http://www.200towns.co.uk/middlesbrough * https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-tees-48024370 * https://www.middlesbrough.gov.uk/mayor-council-and-councillors/civic-and-ceremonial/freedom-borough * https://teesvalleynaturepartnership.org.uk/resources-2/natural-networks-opportunity-maps/middlesbrough-local-authority-area/ * https://www.routeyou.com/en-gb/location/toppoi/47411782/things-to-do-in-middlesbrough * https://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/calling-middlesbrough-city-not-slip-15795497

Video clips

* https://www.youtube.com/user/middlesbroughcouncil {{DEFAULTSORT:Middlesbrough, Borough of Local government districts of North Yorkshire Unitary authority districts of England Places in the Tees Valley Local government districts of North East England Boroughs in England