Groningen (; gos, Grunn; fry, Grinslân) is the northeasternmost
province
A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman '' provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions ou ...
of the
Netherlands
)
, anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands
, established_title = Before independence
, established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
. It borders on
Friesland
Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of ...
to the west,
Drenthe to the south, the
German
German(s) may refer to:
* Germany (of or related to)
** Germania (historical use)
* Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language
** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law
**Ge ...
state of
Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony (german: Niedersachsen ; nds, Neddersassen; stq, Läichsaksen) is a German state (') in northwestern Germany. It is the second-largest state by land area, with , and fourth-largest in population (8 million in 2021) among the 16 ...
to the east, and the
Wadden Sea to the north. As of February 2020, Groningen had a population of 586,309 and a total area of .
Historically the area was at different times part of
Frisia, the
Frankish Empire
Francia, also called the Kingdom of the Franks ( la, Regnum Francorum), Frankish Kingdom, Frankland or Frankish Empire ( la, Imperium Francorum), was the largest post-Roman barbarian kingdom in Western Europe. It was ruled by the Franks du ...
, the
Holy Roman Empire
The Holy Roman Empire was a political entity in Western, Central, and Southern Europe that developed during the Early Middle Ages and continued until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars.
From the accession of Otto I in 962 ...
, and the
Dutch Republic
The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...
, the precursor state of the modern Netherlands. In the 14th century, the city of
Groningen became a member of the
Hanseatic League.
The provincial capital and the largest city in the province is the
city of Groningen
Groningen (; gos, Grunn or ) is the capital city and main municipality of Groningen province in the Netherlands. The ''capital of the north'', Groningen is the largest place as well as the economic and cultural centre of the northern part of t ...
(231,299 inhabitants). Since 2016,
René Paas has been the
King's Commissioner in the province. A
coalition of
GroenLinks
GroenLinks (, ) is a green political party in the Netherlands.
It was formed on 1 March 1989 from the merger of four left-wing parties: the Communist Party of the Netherlands, the Pacifist Socialist Party, the Political Party of Radicals and t ...
, the
Labour Party,
ChristianUnion
The Christian Union ( nl, ChristenUnie, CU) is a Christian-democratic political party in the Netherlands. The CU is a centrist party, maintaining more progressive stances on economic, immigration and environmental issues while holding more social ...
,
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy ( nl, Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie ; VVD) is a conservative-liberal Andeweg, R. and G. Irwin ''Politics and Governance in the Netherlands'', Basingstoke (Palgrave) p.49 political party in ...
,
Democrats 66, and
Christian Democratic Appeal
The Christian Democratic Appeal ( nl, Christen-Democratisch Appèl, ; CDA) is a Christian-democratic political party in the Netherlands. It was originally formed in 1977 from a confederation of the Catholic People's Party, the Anti-Revolution ...
forms the executive branch. The province is divided into 10 municipalities.
The land is mainly used for
agriculture
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people t ...
. There are
seaports
A port is a maritime facility comprising one or more wharves or loading areas, where ships load and discharge cargo and passengers. Although usually situated on a sea coast or estuary, ports can also be found far inland, such as Ha ...
in
Delfzijl
Delfzijl (; gos, Delfsiel) is a city and former municipality with a population of 25,651 in the province of Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. Delfzijl was a sluice between the Delf and the Ems, which became fortified settlement in ...
and
Eemshaven
Eemshaven (; en, Ems Harbor) is a seaport in the province of Groningen in the north of the Netherlands.
In 1968, the Dutch government declared the Ems estuary ( Eemsmond) to be an economic key region. One of the key developments for the regi ...
. The
Groningen gas field
The Groningen gas field is a natural gas field in Groningen province in the northeastern part of the Netherlands. With an estimated 2,740 billion cubic metres of recoverable natural gas it is the largest natural gas field in Europe and one of the ...
, one of the world's largest, was discovered in 1959. The province is home to the
University of Groningen
The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; nl, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a public research university of more than 30,000 students in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. Founded in 1614, the university is th ...
and
Hanze University of Applied Sciences
Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen (Hanze UAS, nl, Hanzehogeschool Groningen) is the largest technical & vocational university in the northern Netherlands and is located in Groningen.
Hanze UAS offers various Bachelor and Master pr ...
.
History
Groningen was originally a part of
Frisia. It became a part of the
Frankish Empire
Francia, also called the Kingdom of the Franks ( la, Regnum Francorum), Frankish Kingdom, Frankland or Frankish Empire ( la, Imperium Francorum), was the largest post-Roman barbarian kingdom in Western Europe. It was ruled by the Franks du ...
around 785.
Charlemagne
Charlemagne ( , ) or Charles the Great ( la, Carolus Magnus; german: Karl der Große; 2 April 747 – 28 January 814), a member of the Carolingian dynasty, was King of the Franks from 768, King of the Lombards from 774, and the first ...
assigned the Christianization of this new possession to
Ludger.
In the 11th century, the city of Groningen was a village in
Drenthe that belonged to the
Bishopric of Utrecht, while most of the province was in the
Prince-Bishopric of Münster
The Prince-Bishopric of Münster (german: Fürstbistum Münster; Bistum Münster, Hochstift Münster) was a large ecclesiastical principality in the Holy Roman Empire, located in the northern part of today's North Rhine-Westphalia and western Lo ...
.
During the Middle Ages, central control was remote, and the city of Groningen acted as a
city-state
A city-state is an independent sovereign city which serves as the center of political, economic, and cultural life over its contiguous territory. They have existed in many parts of the world since the dawn of history, including cities such as ...
, exerting a dominating influence on the surrounding
Ommelanden
The Ommelanden (; ) are the parts of Groningen province that surround Groningen city. Usually mentioned as synonym for the province in the expression ("city and surrounding lands").
The area was Frisian-speaking, but under the influence of th ...
. In the 14th century, Groningen became one of the towns within the
Hanseatic League.
[Hanseatic city](_blank)
Toerisms Groningen. Retrieved on 27 January 2014. In the years after, Groningen expanded its influence. At its peak almost all of the current province Friesland was under the influence and control of Groningen.
Shortly before 1498,
Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor
Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519) was King of the Romans from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1508 until his death. He was never crowned by the pope, as the journey to Rome was blocked by the Venetians. He proclaimed himself E ...
gave Groningen and Friesland to
Albert III, Duke of Saxony
Albert III (german: Albrecht) (27 January 144312 September 1500) was a Duke of Saxony. He was nicknamed Albert the Bold or Albert the Courageous and founded the ''Albertine line'' of the House of Wettin.
Biography
Albert was born in Grimma as t ...
, who could however not establish permanent control. In 1514/15 Groningen came to the Duchy of
Guelders, and in 1536 as the
Lordship of Groningen
The Lordship of Groningen ( nl, Heerlijkheid Groningen) was a lordship under the rule of the House of Habsburg between 1536 and 1594, which is the present-day province of Groningen.
Before 1536
A distinction must be made between the City of Gr ...
to the
Habsburg Netherlands
Habsburg Netherlands was the Renaissance period fiefs in the Low Countries held by the Holy Roman Empire's House of Habsburg. The rule began in 1482, when the last Valois-Burgundy ruler of the Netherlands, Mary, wife of Maximilian I of Austr ...
.
In 1594, Groningen
was conquered from the Spanish by the
Republic of the Seven United Provinces
The United Provinces of the Netherlands, also known as the (Seven) United Provinces, officially as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Dutch: ''Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden''), and commonly referred to in historiography ...
, precursor state of the Netherlands, to which it belonged henceforth.
During
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing ...
, the Netherlands were occupied by
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany (lit. "National Socialist State"), ' (lit. "Nazi State") for short; also ' (lit. "National Socialist Germany") (officially known as the German Reich from 1933 until 1943, and the Greater German Reich from 1943 to 1945) was ...
. In April 1945, the
2nd Canadian Division
The 2nd Canadian Division (2 Cdn Div; french: 2e Division du Canada) is a formation of the Canadian Army in the province of Quebec, Canada. The present command was created 2013 when Land Force Quebec Area was re-designated. The main unit housed ...
fought in the
Battle of Groningen, which resulted in the liberation of the city and in the death of 130, the capture of 5,212, and the fleeing of 2,000 German soldiers. In May 1945, another 3,000 German soldiers were captured in the Battle of Delfzijl by the
5th Canadian Division
The 5th Canadian Division is a formation of the Canadian Army responsible for the command and mobilization of most army units in the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island and Newfoundland and Labrador; as well as some unit ...
, after which all of the northern provinces were liberated.
East Groningen was the scene of a particularly fierce
class struggle in the 19th and 20th centuries. Perhaps not coincidentally, Groningen boasts the only municipality (
Beerta
Beerta () is a village and former municipality with a population of 2,205 in the municipality of Oldambt in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. In the 20th century, Beerta was a communist stronghold. In 1933, the municipal council was ...
) where the
Communist Party of the Netherlands
The Communist Party of the Netherlands ( nl, Communistische Partij Nederland, , CPN) was a Dutch communist party. The party was founded in 1909 as the Social-Democratic Party (SDP) and merged with the Pacifist Socialist Party, the Political Part ...
has ever had a
mayor
In many countries, a mayor is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town. Worldwide, there is a wide variance in local laws and customs regarding the powers and responsibilities of a mayor as well ...
(
Hanneke Jagersma
Johanna "Hanneke" Jagersma (; born 1 November 1951) is a Dutch former politician. She was member of the Communist Party of the Netherlands from 1974 to 1989 and mayor of Beerta from 1982 to 1990. She now works for Humanitas, a Dutch care organis ...
).
Geography
![P01-GR-positiekaart2-gemlabels](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/P01-GR-positiekaart2-gemlabels.png)
Groningen is situated at in the northeast of the
Netherlands
)
, anthem = ( en, "William of Nassau")
, image_map =
, map_caption =
, subdivision_type = Sovereign state
, subdivision_name = Kingdom of the Netherlands
, established_title = Before independence
, established_date = Spanish Netherl ...
. To the west is the province
Friesland
Friesland (, ; official fry, Fryslân ), historically and traditionally known as Frisia, is a province of the Netherlands located in the country's northern part. It is situated west of Groningen, northwest of Drenthe and Overijssel, north of ...
, to the south is the province
Drenthe, to the east the German districts are
Leer and
Emsland in the state
Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony (german: Niedersachsen ; nds, Neddersassen; stq, Läichsaksen) is a German state (') in northwestern Germany. It is the second-largest state by land area, with , and fourth-largest in population (8 million in 2021) among the 16 ...
, and to the north the
North Sea
The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands and Belgium. An epeiric sea, epeiric sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the Atlantic Ocean through the English Channel in the south and the ...
,
Ems, and
Dollart
The Dollart (German name) or Dollard (Dutch name) is a bay in the Wadden Sea between the northern Netherlands and Germany, on the west side of the estuary of the Ems river. Most of it dries at low tide. Many water birds feed there.
Gaining ...
. The
northernmost point of the Netherlands is on
Rottumerplaat
Rottumerplaat () is one of the three islands that make up Rottum in the West Frisian Islands. The island is located in the North Sea off the Dutch coast. It is situated between the shoal Simonszand and the island Rottumeroog. Rottumerplaat star ...
[Uitersten]
Oude stafkaarten verzamelen. Retrieved on 2 June 2014. at ; the
easternmost point of the Netherlands is in
Bad Nieuweschans
Bad Nieuweschans (also ''Lange Akkeren''; ; Gronings: ''Nij-Schans''; German: ''Bad Neuschanz'') is a village in the north-eastern Netherlands on the border with Germany. It forms part of the municipality of Oldambt. Nieuweschans means "new for ...
at .
Groningen is the
7th largest province of the Netherlands. It has a total area of , with of land and of water. About 80% of the land or is used for
agriculture
Agriculture or farming is the practice of cultivating plants and livestock. Agriculture was the key development in the rise of sedentary human civilization, whereby farming of domesticated species created food surpluses that enabled people t ...
. The rest of the land is: 9% or of
built-up or semi built-up area, 6% or of nature, 3% or of infrastructure, and 2% or of recreational area.
[Bodemgebruik; uitgebreide gebruiksvorm, per gemeente]
Statistics Netherlands, 2013. Retrieved on 14 April 2014.
The land in Groningen is flat. A large area of the province is below sea level. The Hasseberg near
Sellingen of above sea level is the highest point.
The
Groningen gas field
The Groningen gas field is a natural gas field in Groningen province in the northeastern part of the Netherlands. With an estimated 2,740 billion cubic metres of recoverable natural gas it is the largest natural gas field in Europe and one of the ...
near
Slochteren
Slochteren () is a village and former municipality with a population of 15,546 in the province of Groningen (province), Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. On 1 January 2018, Slochteren merged with Hoogezand-Sappemeer and Menterwolde, f ...
is the
8th largest natural gas field
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations.
Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence ...
in the world. Since 1986, the exploitation of this gas field
has caused earthquakes in the region with
magnitude
Magnitude may refer to:
Mathematics
*Euclidean vector, a quantity defined by both its magnitude and its direction
*Magnitude (mathematics), the relative size of an object
*Norm (mathematics), a term for the size or length of a vector
*Order of ...
s up to 3.6.
[Aardbevingen door gaswinning in Noord-Nederland]
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
The Royal Dutch Meteorological Institute ( nl, Koninklijk Nederlands Meteorologisch Instituut, ; KNMI) is the Dutch national weather forecasting service, which has its headquarters in De Bilt, in the province of Utrecht, central Netherlands.
...
, 2013. Retrieved on 27 January 2014.
In the
Wadden Sea of Groningen, a
UNESCO World Heritage Site
A World Heritage Site is a landmark or area with legal protection by an international convention administered by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). World Heritage Sites are designated by UNESCO for ...
since 2009, are the sandbank
Simonszand
Simonszand () is a sandbank between the West Frisian Islands of Schiermonnikoog and Rottumerplaat in the Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Het Hogeland in the province of Groningen.
The sandbank was originally mapped as being a ...
and the natural reserve
Rottum consisting of the three uninhabited islands
Rottumeroog
Rottumeroog () is an uninhabited island in the Wadden Sea and is part of the Netherlands. The island is one of three West Frisian Islands in the province of Groningen. It is situated between the islands of Rottumerplaat and Borkum.
The islan ...
, Rottumerplaat, and
Zuiderduintjes
Zuiderduintjes (; en, Little Southern Dunes) is an uninhabited island in the Wadden Sea in the Netherlands. It is situated south of Rottumeroog, east of Rottumerplaat, and west of Borkum. The island is one of the three West Frisian Islands in ...
. The national park
Lauwersmeer (
IUCN category II) is located on the border between Groningen and Friesland.
Subdivisions
The province of Groningen is also called ''
Stad en
Ommelanden
The Ommelanden (; ) are the parts of Groningen province that surround Groningen city. Usually mentioned as synonym for the province in the expression ("city and surrounding lands").
The area was Frisian-speaking, but under the influence of th ...
'', which means the city of Groningen and its surrounding lands, which are the historical regions of
Fivelingo,
Hunsingo
Hunsingo (Gronings: Hunzego or Hunzengo) is a region in the province of Groningen, Netherlands, between the Reitdiep and Maarvliet. Hunsingo was one of three Ommelanden. It is bordered to the north by the Wadden Sea, to the east Fivelingo, ...
,
Oldambt,
Westerkwartier, and
Westerwolde.
The province (
Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics or NUTS level 2) is divided into three
COROP
A COROP region is a division of the Netherlands for statistical purposes, used by Statistics Netherlands, among others. The Dutch abbreviation stands for , literally the Coordination Commission Regional Research Programme. These divisions are a ...
regions (NUTS level 3): East Groningen, Delfzijl and surroundings, and the rest of Groningen. The COROP regions are used for statistical purposes.
The province is also divided into 10
municipalities
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
, each with its own local government. Currently,
Groningen is the most populated and most densely populated municipality,
containing the largest city.
Climate
The province of Groningen has an
oceanic climate (
Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems. It was first published by German-Russian climatologist Wladimir Köppen (1846–1940) in 1884, with several later modifications by Köppen, notabl ...
: Cfb).
Demographics
On 1 January 2014, the province of Groningen had a
population
Population typically refers to the number of people in a single area, whether it be a city or town, region, country, continent, or the world. Governments typically quantify the size of the resident population within their jurisdiction using a ...
of 582,640 and a
population density
Population density (in agriculture: Stock (disambiguation), standing stock or plant density) is a measurement of population per unit land area. It is mostly applied to humans, but sometimes to other living organisms too. It is a key geographical ...
of , which make it the
9th most populous province and
8th most densely populated province of the Netherlands.
[Bevolkingsontwikkeling; regio per maand]
Statistics Netherlands, 2014. Retrieved on 12 March 2014. The city of Groningen is the most populous city in the province and the 6th most populous city in the Netherlands.
On 1 January 2013, 92.2% of the total provincial population was born in the Netherlands; and of the 7.8% that was born abroad, the ten most common foreign countries of origin are the neighbour
Germany
Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...
(1.09%), the former colonies and dependencies
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania between the Indian and Pacific oceans. It consists of over 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guine ...
(0.60%),
Netherlands Antilles and
Aruba (0.55%),
Suriname (0.54%), and other countries
Turkey
Turkey ( tr, Türkiye ), officially the Republic of Türkiye ( tr, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti, links=no ), is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a small portion on the Balkan Peninsula in ...
(0.41%),
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
(0.36%),
China (0.32%),
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populou ...
(0,26%),
Yugoslavia
Yugoslavia (; sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Jugoslavija, Југославија ; sl, Jugoslavija ; mk, Југославија ;; rup, Iugoslavia; hu, Jugoszlávia; rue, label=Pannonian Rusyn, Югославия, translit=Juhoslavija ...
(0.26%), and
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a country in Europe, off the north-western coast of the European mainland, continental mainland. It comprises England, Scotlan ...
(0.18%).
Religion
Economy
![120815 Haven Delfzijl Gn NL](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/49/20120815_Haven_Delfzijl_Gn_NL.jpg)
The city of Groningen is the economic center of the province.
[Algemeen]
, Economie.groningen.nl. Retrieved on 8 April 2014. In the 14th century, the city became a member of the
Hanseatic League.
Currently some of the city's major employers
are
University Medical Center Groningen
The University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG, nl, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen), formerly Groningen University Hospital, is the main hospital in Groningen, Netherlands.
The medical centre is affiliated with the University of Groninge ...
with 12,141 employees,
University of Groningen
The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; nl, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a public research university of more than 30,000 students in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. Founded in 1614, the university is th ...
with 5,591 employees,
Municipality of Groningen with 3,063 employees,
Education Implementation Service (DUO) with 2,000 employees, and
Gasunie
N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie (short form: Gasunie) is a Dutch natural gas infrastructure and transportation company operating in the Netherlands and Germany. Gasunie owns the Netherlands gas transmission network with a total length of over and long ...
with 1,748 employees.
The other economically important area is the
Ems delta
Delta commonly refers to:
* Delta (letter) (Δ or δ), a letter of the Greek alphabet
* River delta, at a river mouth
* D ( NATO phonetic alphabet: "Delta")
* Delta Air Lines, US
* Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19
Delta may also ...
with the sea ports of
Delfzijl
Delfzijl (; gos, Delfsiel) is a city and former municipality with a population of 25,651 in the province of Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. Delfzijl was a sluice between the Delf and the Ems, which became fortified settlement in ...
and
Eemshaven
Eemshaven (; en, Ems Harbor) is a seaport in the province of Groningen in the north of the Netherlands.
In 1968, the Dutch government declared the Ems estuary ( Eemsmond) to be an economic key region. One of the key developments for the regi ...
.
[The ports](_blank)
Groningen Seaports. Retrieved on 27 January 2014. In 2015, a total of 11,589 cargo vessels arrived at the two Groningen Seaports combined, 7,111 sea vessels and 4,478 inland vessels. The ports had a cargo throughput of 11,309,000 tonnes. The chemical industry near Delfzijl is located at the Chemie Park in
Farmsum
Farmsum () is a village in the Dutch province of Groningen. It is a part of the municipality of Eemsdelta.
History
The village was first mentioned in the 10th or 11th century as "de Fretmarashem", and means "settlement of Fretmar". Farmsum was ...
, with factories of
AkzoNobel
Akzo Nobel N.V., stylized as AkzoNobel, is a Dutch multinational company which creates paints and performance coatings for both industry and consumers worldwide. Headquartered in Amsterdam, the company has activities in more than 80 countries ...
,
Lubrizol
The Lubrizol Corporation is an American provider of specialty chemicals for the transportation, industrial and consumer markets. These products include additives for engine oils and other transportation-related fluids, additives for industrial l ...
, and
Teijin Aramid
Teijin Aramid, formerly known as Teijin Twaron, is a company in The Netherlands that produces various high-strength fibers for industrial purposes, most notably their para-aramid, Twaron. Twaron finds applications in numerous markets, such as au ...
. Both
GDF Suez
Engie SA is a French multinational utility company, headquartered in La Défense, Courbevoie, which operates in the fields of energy transition, electricity generation and distribution, natural gas, nuclear, renewable energy and petroleum.
It ...
and
Vattenfall have a natural gas-fired power plant in Eemshaven, and
Essent
Essent N.V. is a Dutch energy company based in 's-Hertogenbosch, Netherlands. It is a subsidiary of E.ON. It is a public limited liability corporation. Essent is the largest energy company in the country. Belgium is their second home market. Es ...
is building a coal-fired power plant there.
The
Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and sold (not resold) in a specific time period by countries. Due to its complex and subjective nature this measure is oft ...
(GDP) of the province was 25 billion € in 2018, accounting for 3.2% of the Netherlands economic output. GDP per capita adjusted for purchasing power was 37,300 € or 124% of the EU27 average in the same year.
In 1959, the
Groningen gas field
The Groningen gas field is a natural gas field in Groningen province in the northeastern part of the Netherlands. With an estimated 2,740 billion cubic metres of recoverable natural gas it is the largest natural gas field in Europe and one of the ...
near
Slochteren
Slochteren () is a village and former municipality with a population of 15,546 in the province of Groningen (province), Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. On 1 January 2018, Slochteren merged with Hoogezand-Sappemeer and Menterwolde, f ...
was discovered, and the
NAM started to exploit the field in 1963.
This caused
Dutch disease
In economics, the Dutch disease is the apparent causal relationship between the increase in the economic development of a specific sector (for example natural resources) and a decline in other sectors (like the manufacturing sector or agricultur ...
and
induced earthquakes.
In 2013, Groningen had a
labor force
The workforce or labour force is a concept referring to the pool of human beings either in employment or in unemployment. It is generally used to describe those working for a single company or industry, but can also apply to a geographic reg ...
of 268,000 people and
unemployment rate
Unemployment, according to the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development), is people above a specified age (usually 15) not being in paid employment or self-employment but currently available for work during the refere ...
of 9.6%, which is the second highest unemployment for a province in the Netherlands.
Culture
Language
Groningen is home to the
Low Saxon dialect
The term dialect (from Latin , , from the Ancient Greek word , 'discourse', from , 'through' and , 'I speak') can refer to either of two distinctly different types of linguistic phenomena:
One usage refers to a variety of a language that is a ...
called ''
Gronings
Gronings (; gos, Grunnegs or Grönnegs), is a collective name for some Friso-Saxon dialects spoken in the province of Groningen and around the Groningen border in Drenthe and Friesland. Gronings and the strongly related varieties in East ...
'' (''Grönnegs'' / ''Grunnegs'' in Gronings regional language), In the eastern part of Friesland variations of the Groninger 'language' is spoken. Gronings has local nuances, for example, the people in the eastern part speak Gronings with more German influence. Nowadays, many inhabitants of the province don't speak the dialect, especially in the city of Groningen where many outsiders have moved.
Cuisine
![Groninger metworst](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/eb/Groninger_metworst.JPG)
Traditional dishes and delicacies from Groningen are
boerenkoolstamppot,
droge worst,
krentjebrij
Krentjebrij is a Groningen/north Drenthe name for a traditional soup or porridge-like dessert with juice of berries that is eaten either warm or cold. It is also known as watergruel or krintsjebrij in Friesland. While there is no exact English tr ...
,
oudewijvenkoek,
poffert
Poffert (; gos, Povvert) is a dish from the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. Sandra de Haan,Poffert", ''Parel van het Noorden'', 2014. Retrieved on 18 December 2014. It is traditionally made with wheat flour, buckwheat flour, yeast, cu ...
, and
spekdik. Traditional alcoholic drinks are
boerenjongens,
boerenmeisjes,
fladderak, and
heet bier.
Museums
![Groninger Museum 2](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Groninger_Museum_2.jpg)
Museumhuis Groningen is an umbrella organization for museums and other heritage organizations in the province of Groningen and has 58 members. The
Groninger Museum
The Groninger Museum () is an art museum in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. The museum exhibits modern and contemporary art of local, national, and international artists.
The museum opened in 1874. The current post-modernist building co ...
is the most visited museum in the province with 209,195 visitors in 2015. The other museums and heritage organizations with more than 25 thousand visitors in 2015 are
Fort Bourtange
Fort Bourtange ( nl, Vesting Bourtange) is a fort in the village of Bourtange, Groningen, Netherlands. It was built under orders of William the Silent and completed in 1593. Its original purpose was to control the only road between Germany and the ...
in Bourtange,
Noordelijk Scheepvaartmuseum in Groningen,
Ter Apel Monastery
Ter Apel Monastery ( nl, Klooster Ter Apel) is a former monastery in the village of Ter Apel in the northeastern Dutch province of Groningen. It is the only monastery in the larger area of Friesland and Groningen that survived the Reformation in ...
in Ter Apel,
Fraeylemaborg in Slochteren,
Nationaal Bus Museum
The Nationaal Bus Museum (; en, National Bus Museum) is a transport museum in Hoogezand in the Netherlands. The museum has a collection of Dutch buses. With 27,027 visitors in 2015, it is one of the most-visited museums in the province of Groni ...
in Hoogezand, and
Museumspoorlijn STAR in Stadskanaal.
Heritage sites
File:Martini Toren.JPG, Martinitoren
The ''Martinitoren'' (; Martini or St. Martin's Tower) is the tallest church steeple in the city of Groningen, Netherlands, and the bell tower of the Martinikerk.
The tower is located at the north-eastern corner of the ''Grote Markt'' (Main Ma ...
, icon of the provincial capital of Groningen
File:Hoge der Aa2.jpg, Der Aa-kerk
The Aa-kerk (also: A-kerk) is a historic former parish church in the centre of Groningen, and a dominant feature in the skyline of the city together with the nearby Martinitoren.
History
Before the construction of the current church, a chapel ...
in Groningen
File:Fraeylemaborg1 Slochteren.jpg, Fraeylemaborg in Slochteren
Slochteren () is a village and former municipality with a population of 15,546 in the province of Groningen (province), Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. On 1 January 2018, Slochteren merged with Hoogezand-Sappemeer and Menterwolde, f ...
File:Keukens appingedam.jpg, Hanging kitchens of Appingedam
Appingedam (; gos, n Daam) is a city and former municipality in the northeastern Netherlands. Although there is no certainty as to the exact age of Appingedam, historical research demonstrates that the place in which the city would eventually b ...
File:Fortbourtange.jpg, Star fort of Bourtange
Bourtange (; Gronings: ''Boertang'') is a village with a population of 430 in the municipality of Westerwolde in the Netherlands. It is situated in the region Westerwolde in the east of the province of Groningen near the German border. Fort Bo ...
File:Goliath Poldermolen.jpg, Windmill Goliath in Eemshaven
Eemshaven (; en, Ems Harbor) is a seaport in the province of Groningen in the north of the Netherlands.
In 1968, the Dutch government declared the Ems estuary ( Eemsmond) to be an economic key region. One of the key developments for the regi ...
File:Strokartonfabriek de Toekomst II A.jpg, Strawboard factory in Scheemda
Scheemda () is a village with a population of 2,445 in the municipality of Oldambt in the province of Groningen in the Netherlands. Scheemda was a separate municipality until 2010, when it merged with Reiderland and Winschoten to form the muni ...
Sports
FC Groningen from the city of Groningen is the only football club from the province in the
Eredivisie
The Eredivisie (; ''"Honour Division"'' or ''"Premier Division"'') is the highest level of professional football in the Netherlands. The league was founded in 1956, two years after the start of professional football in the Netherlands. It is c ...
. Their home stadium
Euroborg
The Euroborg () is the stadium in Groningen, Netherlands. It is the home of football club FC Groningen, with a capacity of 22,525 seats. The stadium site houses a casino, movie theater, school, supermarket, and a fitness centre. A temporary r ...
has a capacity of 22,550 seats. In the
2012–2013 competition, FC Groningen became 7th of the 18 teams.
SC Veendam
Sportclub Veendam () was a Dutch professional association football club based in Veendam, province of Groningen. Founded on 4 September 1894 as Look-Out, it became P.J. Veendam in 1909, Veendam in 1910, SC Veendam in 1974, BV Veendam in 1997 an ...
played in the
Eerste Divisie
The Eerste Divisie (, en, First Division) is the second-highest tier of football in the Netherlands. It is linked with the top-level Eredivisie and with the third-level Tweede Divisie via promotion/relegation systems. It is also known as t ...
, but filed for bankruptcy in 2013.
The city of Groningen is also the base of basketball club
GasTerra Flames
GasTerra is a Dutch partially state-owned company that is active in the worldwide trade and supply of natural gas. It is owned by Royal Dutch Shell (25%), ExxonMobil (25%) and the Dutch government (50%). Its history dates back to 2005, when the com ...
, volleyball club
Lycurgus
Lycurgus or Lykourgos () may refer to:
People
* Lycurgus (king of Sparta) (third century BC)
* Lycurgus (lawgiver) (eighth century BC), creator of constitution of Sparta
* Lycurgus of Athens (fourth century BC), one of the 'ten notable orators' ...
, and
korfball
Korfball ( nl, korfbal) is a ball sport, with similarities to netball and basketball. It is played by two teams of eight players with four female players and four male players in each team. The objective is to throw a ball into a netless baske ...
club
Nic.
The ice rink at the multi-sport center
Kardinge in the city of Groningen is used for national speed skating championships, most recently the
2013 KNSB Dutch Sprint Championships
The 2013 KNSB Dutch Sprint Championships in speed skating were held at the Kardinge ice stadium in Groningen, Netherlands.
Stefan Groothuis and Margot Boer were the defending champions. Stefan Groothuis succeeded his title but Margot Boer lost ...
.
Politics
![Groningen Provinciehuis 1266](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c3/Groningen_Provinciehuis_1266.jpg)
A provincial government in the Netherlands consists of a
Provincial Council, the directly elected legislative branch, and a
Provincial Executive, the executive branch. The
King's Commissioner, who is appointed by the national government, is chairman of both branches.
[Provincial Council and Provincial Executive](_blank)
, Province of Groningen. Retrieved on 28 January 2014. The
Provincial Council of Groningen
The Provincial Council of Groningen ( nl, Provinciale Staten van Groningen, ), also known as the States of Groningen, is the provincial council of Groningen, Netherlands. It forms the legislative body of the province. Its 43 seats are distributed ...
consists of 43 members and the Provincial Executive consists of the King's Commissioner and six deputies. The government has its seat in the city of Groningen, which is the provincial capital.
René Paas, member of the
Christian Democratic Appeal
The Christian Democratic Appeal ( nl, Christen-Democratisch Appèl, ; CDA) is a Christian-democratic political party in the Netherlands. It was originally formed in 1977 from a confederation of the Catholic People's Party, the Anti-Revolution ...
(CDA), has been the King's Commissioner since 18 April 2016. He succeeded
Max van den Berg
Margrietus Johannes "Max" van den Berg (;Every word in isolation: born 22 March 1946) is a Dutch politician and member of the Dutch Labour Party. From 1979 to 1986 he was the chairman of that party and from 1999 to 2007 he was a Member of the ...
who was the King's Commissioner in Groningen from 2007 to 2016.
In the
provincial elections of 2011, the Labour Party became the largest party with nearly 25% of the votes and 12 seats in the Provincial Council. The next three largest parties are the
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy ( nl, Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie ; VVD) is a conservative-liberal Andeweg, R. and G. Irwin ''Politics and Governance in the Netherlands'', Basingstoke (Palgrave) p.49 political party in ...
(VVD) and the
Socialist Party
Socialist Party is the name of many different political parties around the world. All of these parties claim to uphold some form of socialism, though they may have very different interpretations of what "socialism" means. Statistically, most of t ...
(SP) with 6 seats each, and the
Christian Democratic Appeal
The Christian Democratic Appeal ( nl, Christen-Democratisch Appèl, ; CDA) is a Christian-democratic political party in the Netherlands. It was originally formed in 1977 from a confederation of the Catholic People's Party, the Anti-Revolution ...
(CDA) with 5 seats.
[Verkiezingsuitslagen Provinciale Staten 1918 - heden]
, Electoral Council. Retrieved on 27 January 2014. In 2011, two months after the elections, the member of the
Party for the North
The Party for the North ( nl, Partij voor het Noorden, ''PvhN'') is a regional political party in the Netherlands founded in December 2002 representing the interests of the provinces of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe. The PvhN seeks a separate ...
(PvhN) continued as an independent under the name Free Mandate. The next provincial elections are planned for 18 March 2015.
Following the 2011 elections, the Provincial Executive was formed by a coalition of the Labour Party, the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy,
Democrats 66 (D66), and
GreenLeft
GroenLinks (, ) is a Green politics, green List of political parties in the Netherlands, political party in the Netherlands.
It was formed on 1 March 1989 from the merger of four Left-wing politics, left-wing parties: the Communist Party of th ...
(GL). In 2013, GreenLeft left the coalition and was replaced by the
ChristianUnion
The Christian Union ( nl, ChristenUnie, CU) is a Christian-democratic political party in the Netherlands. The CU is a centrist party, maintaining more progressive stances on economic, immigration and environmental issues while holding more social ...
(CU). The Labour Party has three deputies, the other coalition parties have one deputy each.
, -
!colspan="2" align="left", Party
! Votes
! %
! Seats
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
Socialist Party
Socialist Party is the name of many different political parties around the world. All of these parties claim to uphold some form of socialism, though they may have very different interpretations of what "socialism" means. Statistically, most of t ...
, 39,093
, 16.19
, 8
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
Labour Party
, 29,711
, 12.30
, 6
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
Christian Democratic Appeal
The Christian Democratic Appeal ( nl, Christen-Democratisch Appèl, ; CDA) is a Christian-democratic political party in the Netherlands. It was originally formed in 1977 from a confederation of the Catholic People's Party, the Anti-Revolution ...
, 27,160
, 11.25
, 5
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
Democrats 66
, 23,422
, 9.70
, 4
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy
The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy ( nl, Volkspartij voor Vrijheid en Democratie ; VVD) is a conservative-liberal Andeweg, R. and G. Irwin ''Politics and Governance in the Netherlands'', Basingstoke (Palgrave) p.49 political party in ...
, 22,089
, 9.15
, 4
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
Christian Union
, 21,124
, 8.75
, 4
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
Party for Freedom
, 19,340
, 8.01
, 3
, -
,
, align="left",
Groninger Belang
, 15,869
, 6.57
, 3
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
GroenLinks
GroenLinks (, ) is a green political party in the Netherlands.
It was formed on 1 March 1989 from the merger of four left-wing parties: the Communist Party of the Netherlands, the Pacifist Socialist Party, the Political Party of Radicals and t ...
, 15,701
, 6.50
, 3
, -
, bgcolor="",
, align="left",
Party for the Animals
, 9,078
, 3.76
, 2
, -
,
, align="left",
Party for the North
The Party for the North ( nl, Partij voor het Noorden, ''PvhN'') is a regional political party in the Netherlands founded in December 2002 representing the interests of the provinces of Groningen, Friesland and Drenthe. The PvhN seeks a separate ...
, 5,173
, 2.14
, 1
, -
, colspan="7" style="background: #C0C0C0",
, -
,
, align="left", Other parties
, 13,719
, 5.68
, 0
, -
!colspan="2", Total
! 241,479
! 100
! 43
Transportation
Roads
![A7-groningen-tijnje-004](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/33/A7-groningen-tijnje-004.jpg)
In the province of Groningen, there are three national roads ( nl, rijkswegen), which are maintained by
Rijkswaterstaat
Rijkswaterstaat, founded in 1798 as the ''Bureau voor den Waterstaat'' and formerly translated to Directorate General for Public Works and Water Management, is a Directorate-General of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management of the Net ...
.
[Wat voor wegen zijn er in Nederland en wie is de wegbeheerder?]
, Rijksoverheid. Retrieved on 15 March 2014. The motorway
A7 (
E22) connects the city of Groningen with the provinces of Friesland and
North Holland in the west and with Winschoten and Germany in the east. The motorway is interrupted for the
ring road of the city of Groningen, where it is the expressway N7. The motorway
A28 (
E232) starts at the city of Groningen and runs south connecting it with the provinces of Drenthe,
Overijssel,
Gelderland
Gelderland (), also known as Guelders () in English, is a province of the Netherlands, occupying the centre-east of the country. With a total area of of which is water, it is the largest province of the Netherlands by land area, and second by ...
, and
Utrecht
Utrecht ( , , ) is the fourth-largest city and a municipality of the Netherlands, capital and most populous city of the province of Utrecht. It is located in the eastern corner of the Randstad conurbation, in the very centre of mainland Net ...
. The expressway N33 runs south from Eemshaven, via Appingedam and Veendam, to Drenthe. Other roads are overseen by the province (N roads), municipalities, or
water boards
A water board is a regional or national organisation that has very different functions from one country to another. The functions range from flood control and water resources management at the regional or local level (the Netherlands, Germany), w ...
.
Public transport
Public transport
Public transport (also known as public transportation, public transit, mass transit, or simply transit) is a system of transport for passengers by group travel systems available for use by the general public unlike private transport, typi ...
falls under the rules for
government procurement in the European Union
Government procurement or public procurement is undertaken by the public authorities of the European Union (EU) and its member states in order to award contracts for public works and for the purchase of goods and services in accordance with princ ...
. Tenders for regional bus and railway services are selected by the province of Groningen.
Qbuzz
Qbuzz is a public transport company in the Netherlands that operates services in South Holland, Utrecht, Drenthe and Groningen. Founded in 2008, it was a 100% subsidiary of Nederlandse Spoorwegen (the Dutch National Railway Operator) betwee ...
is contracted for bus services in the period 2009–2015 and
Arriva
Arriva plc is a British multinational public transport company headquartered in Sunderland, England.[Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS; ; en, "Dutch Railways") is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands. It is a Dutch state-owned company founded in 1938. The Dutch rail network is one of the busiest in the European Union, and t ...]
operates the railway services from
Groningen railway station
Groningen railway station (; abbreviation: Gn), locally called ''Hoofdstation'' (main station), is the main railway station in Groningen in the Province of Groningen, Netherlands. It is located on the Harlingen–Nieuweschans railway between Zu ...
southward to Drenthe and beyond.
The railway network in the Netherlands is maintained by
ProRail
ProRail () is a Dutch government organisation responsible for the maintenance and extension of the national railway network infrastructure (not the metro or tram), the allocation of rail capacity, and controlling rail traffic. Prorail is a part o ...
. There are six railways located partially or entirely in the province of Groningen. The railway station Groningen connects several of these railways.
[Leeuwarden - Groningen]
Sporenplan. Retrieved on 8 March 2014.
Airports
![Groningen Airport Eelde overview](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/Groningen_Airport_Eelde_overview.jpg)
The
international airport that serves Groningen is
Groningen Airport Eelde
Groningen Airport Eelde is a minor international airport in the northeastern Netherlands. It is located near Eelde in the Province of Drenthe, south of the city of Groningen in the province of Groningen. In 2015, the airport handled 220,710 ...
, which is located in
Eelde
Eelde () is a town in the Dutch province of Drenthe. It is a part of the municipality of Tynaarlo, and lies about 9 km south of Groningen. Groningen Airport Eelde is located near the village.
Eelde was a separate municipality until 1998, when ...
in the province of Drenthe. The airport is co-owned by the provinces of Groningen and Drenthe and the municipalities of Groningen,
Assen
Assen () is a municipality and a city in the northeastern Netherlands, and is the capital (politics), capital of the province of Drenthe. It received City rights in the Netherlands, city rights in 1809. Assen is known for TT Circuit Assen, the ...
, and
Tynaarlo
Tynaarlo (; Gronings: ''Tynaorl'') is a village and municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands. Although it is located in the province of Drenthe, many of its communities serve as suburbs of the neighbouring city of Groningen, capital of the ep ...
. Its summer destinations are
Antalya
la, Attalensis grc, Ἀτταλειώτης
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code = 07xxx
, area_code = (+90) 242
, registration_plate = 07
, blank_name = Licence plate
...
,
Faro,
Girona
Girona (officially and in Catalan , Spanish: ''Gerona'' ) is a city in northern Catalonia, Spain, at the confluence of the Ter, Onyar, Galligants, and Güell rivers. The city had an official population of 103,369 in 2020. Girona is the capital ...
,
Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria (, ; ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, an archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa which is part of Spain. the island had a population of that ...
,
Heraklion
Heraklion or Iraklion ( ; el, Ηράκλειο, , ) is the largest city and the administrative capital of the island of Crete and capital of Heraklion regional unit. It is the fourth largest city in Greece with a population of 211,370 (Urban Ar ...
,
Kos
Kos or Cos (; el, Κως ) is a Greek island, part of the Dodecanese island chain in the southeastern Aegean Sea. Kos is the third largest island of the Dodecanese by area, after Rhodes and Karpathos; it has a population of 36,986 (2021 census), ...
,
Palma de Mallorca, and
Tenerife
Tenerife (; ; formerly spelled ''Teneriffe'') is the largest and most populous island of the Canary Islands. It is home to 43% of the total population of the archipelago. With a land area of and a population of 978,100 inhabitants as of Janu ...
. Its winter destinations are
Innsbruck and
Salzburg
Salzburg (, ; literally "Salt-Castle"; bar, Soizbuag, label= Austro-Bavarian) is the fourth-largest city in Austria. In 2020, it had a population of 156,872.
The town is on the site of the Roman settlement of ''Iuvavum''. Salzburg was founded ...
. Starting on 5 June 2014, there will also be flights to
London
London is the capital and List of urban areas in the United Kingdom, largest city of England and the United Kingdom, with a population of just under 9 million. It stands on the River Thames in south-east England at the head of a estuary dow ...
. For other international destinations,
Amsterdam Airport Schiphol is the nearest airport. The
general aviation
General aviation (GA) is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as all civil aviation aircraft operations with the exception of commercial air transport or aerial work, which is defined as specialized aviation services ...
airports in the province are
Oostwold Airport in
Oostwold and
Stadskanaal Airfield in
Stadskanaal
Stadskanaal () is a town and municipality with a population of 32,715 in the province of Groningen in the northeast of the Netherlands. It was named after the canal Stadskanaal.
From 1800 until 1900 this area was ideal for its peat mining, and so ...
.
Science and education
![090529 Academiegebouw Groningen NL](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/20090529_Academiegebouw_Groningen_NL.jpg)
The
University of Groningen
The University of Groningen (abbreviated as UG; nl, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, abbreviated as RUG) is a public research university of more than 30,000 students in the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. Founded in 1614, the university is th ...
in the city of Groningen was founded in 1614 and is the only research
university
A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States ...
(''universiteit'') in the province. On 1 September 2013, it had 29,407 students and 5,238
full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent (FTE), or whole time equivalent (WTE), is a unit that indicates the workload of an employed person (or student) in a way that makes workloads or class loads comparable across various contexts. FTE is often used to measure a ...
of staff members. The university has ten faculties: Arts, Behavioural and Social Sciences, Economics and Business, Law, Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Medical Sciences, Philosophy, Spatial Sciences, Theology and Religious Studies, and University College Groningen.
The
Hanze University of Applied Sciences
Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Groningen (Hanze UAS, nl, Hanzehogeschool Groningen) is the largest technical & vocational university in the northern Netherlands and is located in Groningen.
Hanze UAS offers various Bachelor and Master pr ...
, the
NHL University of Applied Sciences, and the
Stenden University of Applied Sciences
Stenden University of Applied Sciences ( nl, Stenden Hogeschool) is a state-funded professional university in the north of the Netherlands. The University is the product of the merger in 2008 of Hogeschool Drenthe and Christelijke Hogeschool Ne ...
in the city of Groningen are the province's publicly funded universities of applied sciences (''
hogescholen
A university of applied sciences (UAS), nowadays much less commonly called a polytechnic university or vocational university, is an institution of higher education and sometimes research that provides vocational education and grants academic de ...
'').
Media
The ''
Dagblad van het Noorden
The ''Dagblad van het Noorden'' (; en, Daily of the North), abbreviated as ''DvhN'', is a Dutch regional daily newspaper that is published and circulated in the provinces of Groningen and Drenthe in the northeastern Netherlands. The newspaper is ...
'' is a regional daily newspaper based in the city of Groningen and is owned by NDC Mediagroep. It was founded in 2002 by merging the ''
Nieuwsblad van het Noorden
The ''Nieuwsblad van het Noorden'' (; "Newspaper of the North") is a former regional daily newspaper from the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. It was published from 1888 to 2002, when it was merged with the '' Groninger Dagblad'' and the ...
'', the ''
Groninger Dagblad
The ''Groninger Dagblad'' ( en, Groningen Daily) is a former regional newspaper from the Netherlands. It was published from 1992 until 2002. It was a merger of the ''Winschoter Courant'' (1870) and ''De Noord-Ooster'' (founded 1904; a daily since ...
'', and the ''
Drentse Courant
The ''Provinciale Drentsche en Asser Courant'' was a regional newspaper in Drenthe, Netherlands, published in Assen from 1851 to 1966. It was a continuation of the ''Nieuws- en Advertentieblad voor de Provincie Drenthe'' (1823–1826) and ''Drent ...
''. In 2015, the newspaper had a circulation of 96,515.
RTV Noord
RTV Noord is a regional radio and television public broadcaster in Groningen, Netherlands. , its radio programs are broadcast on FM 97.5 MHz. It broadcasts TV and radio programming 24 hours per day, seven days a week. Some content is broadcas ...
is a regional
public broadcaster
Public broadcasting involves radio, television and other electronic media outlets whose primary mission is public service. Public broadcasters receive funding from diverse sources including license fees, individual contributions, public financing ...
of radio and television based in the city of Groningen, with Radio Noord and TV Noord. Their radio station has 121,000 daily listeners and a
market share of 28% (2012) and their TV station has 171,000 daily viewers and a market share of 26.7% (2012).
Bereik regionale omroepen blijft dalen
(in Dutch), '' Nu.nl'', 2013. Retrieved on 2 September 2014.
Notable residents
People from the province of Groningen:
See also
* Gronings dialect
Gronings (; gos, Grunnegs or Grönnegs), is a collective name for some Friso-Saxon dialects spoken in the province of Groningen and around the Groningen border in Drenthe and Friesland. Gronings and the strongly related varieties in East Fri ...
* Hoogholtje bridge
References
External links
*, official government website
Nothing Tops Groningen
official tourism website
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Groningen (Province)
Provinces of the Netherlands
West Frisia
Lordships of the Holy Roman Empire