executive yuan

The Executive Yuan is the executive branch of the government of the Republic of China (

Taiwan

). Its leader is the Premier, who is appointed by the President of the Republic of China, and no longer requires confirmation by the Legislative Yuan. The Premier may be removed by a vote of no-confidence by a majority of the Legislative Yuan, after which the President may either remove the Premier or dissolve the Legislative Yuan and initiate a new election for legislators. Like many semi-presidential systems, the head of the Executive Branch is not the President. The Premier is the head of government while the President is the head of state. The President may remove the Premier.

Organization and structure

The Executive Yuan is headed by the Premier (or President of the Executive Yuan) and includes its Vice Premier, twelve cabinet ministers, various chairpersons of commissions, and five to nine ministers without portfolio. The Vice Premier, ministers and chairpersons are appointed by the President of the Republic of China on the recommendation of the Premier.

Its formation, as one of five branches ("Yuans") of the government, stemmed from the Three Principles of the People, the constitutional theory of Sun Yat-sen, but was adjusted constitutionally over the years to adapt to the situation in the ROC by changes in the laws and the Constitution of the Republic of China.

Leaders

Ministries

Councils and commissions

Empowered by various laws or the Constitution, under the Executive Yuan Council several individual boards are formed to enforce different executive functions of the government. Unless regulated otherwise, the chairs are appointed by and answer to the Premier. The members of the boards are usually (a) governmental officials for the purpose of interdepartmental coordination and cooperation; or (b) creditable professionals for their reputation and independence.

",
, Chen Chi-chung
,
, -
, National Development Council (Taiwan), National Development Council
, 國家發展委員會
, style="background:white",
, Kung Ming-hsin
,
, -
, Mainland Affairs Council
, 大陸委員會
, style="background:",
, Chiu Tai-san
,
, -
, Financial Supervisory Commission (Taiwan), Financial Supervisory Commission
, 金融監督管理委員會
, style="background:white",
, Huang Tien-mu
,
, -
, Ocean Affairs Council
, 海洋委員會
, style="background:white",
, Lee Chung-wei
,
, -
, Overseas Community Affairs Council
, 僑務委員會
, style="background:white",
, Wu Hsin-hsing
,
, -
, Veterans Affairs Council
, 國軍退除役官兵輔導委員會
, style="background:white",
, Feng Shih-kuan
,
, -
, Council of Indigenous Peoples
, 原住民族委員會
, style="background:",
, Icyang Parod
,
, -
, Hakka Affairs Council
, 客家委員會
, style="background:",
, Lee Yung-te
,
, -
, style="background:pink" ,
Public Construction Commission
, 公共工程委員會
, style="background:white",
, Wu Tze-cheng
,
, -
, style="background:pink" ,
Atomic Energy Council
, 原子能委員會
, style="background:white",
, Hsieh Shou-shing
,

Independent commissions

There are independent executive commissions under the Executive Yuan Council. Members of these commissions have to be confirmed by the Legislative Yuan.

Other organs

Organizations no longer under Executive Yuan

Duencies may be dissolved or merged with other agencies. Based on Executive Yuan website, the following bodies are no longer agencies under the Executive Yuan:
* Consumer Protection Commission, restructured as the Consumer Protection Committee on 1 January 2012
* Aviation Safety Council, became an independent agency on 20 May 2012, later renamed Taiwan Transportation Safety Board
* National Disaster Prevention and Protection Commission: a task-force-grouped committee authorized by the law of Disaster Prevention and Protectio

Dissolved or cease to function

* Government Information Office on 20 May 2012
* Council for Economic Planning and Development on 21 January 2014
* Research, Development and Evaluation Commission on 21 January 2014
* Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission on 15 September 2017

Ministers without portfolio

In the Executive Yuan Council, the current Minister without portfolio, ministers without portfolio are:
* Audrey Tang, with the unofficial English-language title of "Digital Minister"
* Chang Ching-sen
* Huang Chih-ta
* John Deng
* Kung Ming-hsin, also serving as Minister of National Development Council (Taiwan), National Development Council
* Lin Wan-i
* Lo Ping-cheng (羅秉成)
* Wu Tze-cheng, also serving as Minister of Public Construction Commission

Executive Yuan Council

The Executive Yuan Council, commonly referred to as "The Cabinet" (), is the chief policymaking organ of the ROC government. It consists of the premier, who presides over its meetings, the vice premier, ministers without portfolio, the heads of the ministries, and the heads of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission and the Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission. The secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general of the Executive Yuan also attend, as well as heads of other Executive Yuan organizations by invitation, but they have no vote. Article 58 of the Constitution empowers the Executive Yuan Council to evaluate statutory and budgetary bills concerning martial law, amnesty, declaration of war, declarations of war, conclusion of peace or treaties, and other important affairs before submission to the Legislative Yuan.

Relationship with the Legislative Yuan

The Executive Yuan Council must present the Legislators with an annual policy statement and an administrative report. The Legislative Committee may also summon members of the Executive Yuan Council for questioning.

Whenever there is disagreement between the Legislative Council and Executive Yuan Council, the Legislative Committee may pass a resolution asking the Executive Yuan Council to alter the policy proposal in question. The Executive Yuan may, in turn, ask the Legislators to reconsider. Afterwards, if the Legislative Council upholds the original resolution, the premier must abide by the resolution or resign. The Executive Yuan Council may also present an alternative budgetary bill if the one passed by the Legislative Committee is deemed difficult to execute.

Access

The Executive Yuan building is accessible within walking distance east of Taipei Main Station or west of Shandao Temple metro station, Shandao Temple Station of Taipei Metro.

See also

* Shangshu Sheng, Department of State Affairs in the Three Departments and Six Ministries system
* Ming dynasty: Zhongshu Sheng, Central Secretariat → Grand Secretariat
* Qing dynasty: Grand Secretariat → Grand Council (Qing dynasty), Grand Council → Cabinet (government), Cabinet
* Beiyang government, Republic of China: State Council of the Republic of China, State Council (1912–28); Politics of the Republic of China; Government of the Republic of China
* People's Republic of China: Government Administration Council of the Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China (1949–1954), Central People's Government (1949–54) → State Council of the People's Republic of China (1954–present); Ministries of the People's Republic of China, Ministries of the PRC
* Government-General of Taiwan (1895–1945)

References

External links

*

{{Asia topic , Cabinet of , title = National cabinets of Asia

Executive Yuan,
Government agencies established in 1928
1928 establishments in China
National cabinets, Taiwan, Executive Yuan
Government of Taiwan