A cooking apple or culinary apple is an

apple An apple is a round, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus'' spp.). Fruit trees of the orchard or domestic apple (''Malus domestica''), the most widely grown in the genus, are agriculture, cultivated worldwide. The tree originated ...

that is used primarily for cooking, as opposed to a '' dessert apple'', which is eaten raw. Cooking apples are generally larger, and can be tarter than dessert varieties. Some varieties have a firm flesh that does not break down much when cooked. Culinary varieties with a high acid content produce froth when cooked, which is desirable for some recipes. Britain grows a large range of apples specifically for cooking. Worldwide, dual-purpose varieties (for both cooking and eating raw) are more widely grown. There are many apples that have been cultivated to have the firmness and tartness desired for cooking. Yet each variety of apple has unique qualities and categories such as "cooking" or "eating" are suggestive, rather than exact. How an apple will perform once cooked is tested by simmering a half inch wedge in water until tender, then prodding to see if its shape is intact. The apple can then be tasted to see how its flavour has been maintained and if sugar should be added. Apples can be cooked down into

sauce In cooking, a sauce is a liquid, cream, or semi- solid food, served on or used in preparing other foods. Most sauces are not normally consumed by themselves; they add flavour, texture, and visual appeal to a dish. ''Sauce'' is a French wor ...

, apple butter, or

fruit preserves Fruit preserves are preparations of fruits whose main preserving agent is sugar and sometimes acid, often stored in glass jars and used as a condiment or spread. There are many varieties of fruit preserves globally, distinguished by the meth ...

. They can be baked in an oven and served with

custard Custard is a variety of culinary preparations based on sweetened milk, cheese, or cream cooked with Eggs as food, egg or egg yolk to thicken it, and sometimes also flour, corn starch, or gelatin. Depending on the recipe, custard may vary in con ...

, and made into pies or apple crumble. In the UK roast pork is commonly served with cold apple sauce made from boiled and mashed apples. A baked apple is

baked Baking is a method of preparing food that uses dry heat, typically in an oven, but it can also be done in hot ashes, or on hot stones. Bread is the most commonly baked item, but many other types of food can also be baked. Heat is gradually t ...

in an

oven upA double oven A ceramic oven An oven is a tool that is used to expose materials to a hot environment. Ovens contain a hollow chamber and provide a means of heating the chamber in a controlled way. In use since antiquity, they have been use ...

until it has become soft. The core is usually removed before baking and the resulting cavity stuffed with fruits,

brown sugar Brown sugar is a sucrose sugar product with a distinctive brown color due to the presence of molasses. It is either an unrefined or partially refined soft sugar consisting of sugar crystals with some residual molasses content or produced by t ...

raisin A raisin is a Dried fruit, dried grape. Raisins are produced in many regions of the world and may be eaten raw or used in cooking, baking, and brewing. In the United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland, Ireland, New Zealand, Australia and South Afri ...

s, or

cinnamon Cinnamon is a spice obtained from the inner bark of several tree species from the genus ''Cinnamomum''. Cinnamon is used mainly as an aromatic condiment and flavouring additive in a wide variety of cuisines, sweet and savoury dishes, biscuits, b ...

, and sometimes a liquor such as

brandy Brandy is a liquor produced by distilling wine. Brandy generally contains 35–60% alcohol by volume (70–120 US proof) and is typically consumed as an after-dinner digestif. Some brandies are aged in wooden casks. Others are coloured ...

. An apple dumpling adds a pastry crust.

John Claudius Loudon John Claudius Loudon (8 April 1782 – 14 December 1843) was a Scottish botanist, garden designer and author, born in Cambuslang in 1782. He was the first to use the term arboretum in writing to refer to a garden of plants, especially trees, co ...

wrote in 1842:

History

Popular cooking apples in US, in the late 19th century: Tart varieties: * Duchess of Oldenburg * Fallawater * Gravenstein * Horse * Keswick Codlin * Red Astrachan * Rhode Island Greening * Tetofsky Sweet varieties: * Golden Sweet * Maverack Sweet * Peach Pound Sweet * Tolman Sweet * Willis Sweet Popular cooking apples in early 20th century England: * Alfriston * Beauty of Kent * Bismark * Bramley * Cox Pomona * Dumelow * Ecklinville * Emneth Early * Golden Noble * Grenadier * Lord Grosvenor * Lord Derby * Newton Wonder * Stirling Castle * Warner's King

Cooking apple cultivars

D = Dual purpose (table + cooking); Cooking result: P = puree, K = keeps shape * Alfriston P * Allington K * Annie Elizabeth K * Antonovka P * Arthur Turner P * Baldwin * Ballyfatten * Bancroft * Baron Ward *

Beacon A beacon is an intentionally conspicuous device designed to attract attention to a specific location. A common example is the lighthouse, which draws attention to a fixed point that can be used to navigate around obstacles or into port. More mode ...

* Beauty of Kent P * Belle de Boskoop K * Bismarck apple P * Black Amish D * Black Twig D * Blenheim Orange P - K * Bloody Ploughman * Bountiful * Braeburn K * Bramley P *

Crab apple ''Malus'' ( or ) is a genus of about 32–57 species of small deciduous trees or shrubs in the family Rosaceae, including the domesticated orchard apple, crab apples (sometimes known in North America as crabapples) and wild apples. The genus i ...

(primarily for jelly) * Burr Knot P * Byflett Seedling P * Byford Wonder K * Calville Blanc d'hiver K * Calville Rouge d´automne K * Calville Rouge d´hiver P * Campanino * Carlisle Codlin P * Carolina Red June * Carter's Blue * Catshead P * Cellini P * Charles Ross K * Chelmsford Wonder P * Cockle Pippin P * Colloggett Pippin P - K * 'Cortland' D * Coul Blush * Cox Pomona P - K * Custard * Danziger Kantapfel K * Duchess of Oldenburg * Dudley Winter * Dumelow's Seedling P * Edward VII P * Emneth Early * Esopus Spitzenburg D * Fallawater * Flower of Kent * Galloway K * Gennet Moyle * George Neal * Glockenapfel * Ginger Gold * Golden Noble * Golden Pippin * Golden Reinette P - K * Golden Sweet * Gragg * Gravenstein *

Granny Smith The Granny Smith is an List of apple cultivars, apple cultivar that originated in Australia in 1868. It is named after Maria Ann Smith, who Fruit tree propagation, propagated the cultivar from a chance seedling. The tree is thought to be a Hybri ...

D * Greenup´s Pippin P *

Grenadier A grenadier ( , ; derived from the word ''grenade'') was historically an assault-specialist soldier who threw hand grenades in siege operation battles. The distinct combat function of the grenadier was established in the mid-17th century, when ...

* Hambledon Deux Ans P - K * Harrison Cider Apple * Hawthornden P * Howgate Wonder K * Irish Peach * Isaac Newton * James Grieve D * Jonathan D * Jumbo * Keswick Codlin P * King of the Pippins K D * Landsberger Reinette * Lane's Prince Albert P * Lodi * Lord Derby P * Lowell * Maiden Blush * Malinda * McIntosh D * My Jewel * Newell-Kimzey (aka

Airlie Red Flesh The Airlie Red Flesh, (also known as the Hidden Rose or the Mountain Rose), is a cultivar of domesticated apple An apple is a round, edible fruit produced by an apple tree (''Malus'' spp.). Fruit trees of the orchard or domestic apple (''M ...

) * Newton Wonder P * Nickajack * Norfolk Biffin K * Northern greening * Northern Spy * Oldenburg * Paulared D * Peasgood's Nonsuch P - K * Pink Lady D * Pinova * Porter's * Pott's Seedling * Pumpkin Sweet apple * Queen P * Red Astrachan * Red Prince * Reverend W. Wilks P * Rhode Island Greening *

Rome Beauty The Rome apple (also known as Red Rome, Rome Beauty, Gillett's Seedling) is a cooking apple originating near Rome Township, Lawrence County, Ohio, Rome Township, Ohio, in the early 19th century. This apple remains popular for its glossy red color ...

Sandow Sandow is a German and Jewish (western Ashkenazic) family name. It is a variant of Sandau, which is a habitational name from a place near Stendal called Sandau. The Swedish barers of the name are probably of German origin. It may refer to: ; Sur ...

* Scotch Bridget * Scotch Dumpling * Schoolmaster P * Stirling Castle P * Smokehouse * Snow apple (aka Fameuse) *

Spartan Sparta was a prominent city-state in Laconia in ancient Greece. In antiquity, the city-state was known as Lacedaemon (), while the name Sparta referred to its main settlement in the valley of Evrotas river in Laconia, in southeastern Pe ...

* Stayman * Stirling Castle P * Surprise K * Tetofsky * Tickled Pink * Tolman Sweet * Tom Putt *

Topaz Topaz is a silicate mineral made of aluminium, aluminum and fluorine with the chemical formula aluminium, Alsilicon, Sioxygen, O(fluorine, F, hydroxide, OH). It is used as a gemstone in jewelry and other adornments. Common topaz in its natural ...

* Transparante de Croncels K * Twenty Ounce K * Wagener * Warner's King P * Wealthy D * White Melrose * White Transparent * Winesap K D * Wolf River K * York Imperial D

References

{{Apples, state=collapsed Apples Apple dishes Baked foods

History

Cooking apple cultivars

See also

References