Sanofi S.A. is a French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company headquartered in

Paris Paris () is the Capital city, capital and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, most populous city of France, with an estimated population of 2,165,423 residents in 2019 in an area of more than 105 km² (41 sq mi), ma ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Its metropolitan area ...

. Originally, the corporation was established in 1973 and merged with Synthélabo in 1999 to form Sanofi-Synthélabo. In 2004, Sanofi-Synthélabo merged with Aventis and renamed to Sanofi-Aventis, which were each the product of several previous mergers. It changed its name back to Sanofi in May 2011. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. Sanofi engages in the research and development, manufacturing and marketing of

pharmaceutical drugs A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease. Drug therapy (pharmacotherapy) is an important part of the medical field and rel ...

principally in the prescription market, but the firm also develops

over-the-counter medication Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medicines sold directly to a consumer without a requirement for a prescription from a healthcare professional, as opposed to prescription drugs, which may be supplied only to consumers possessing a valid prescr ...

. The corporation covers seven major therapeutic areas:

cardiovascular The blood circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, tha ...

central nervous system The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord. The CNS is so named because the brain integrates the received information and coordinates and influences the activity of all p ...

diabetes Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level ( hyperglycemia) over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst and increased ...

, internal medicine,

oncology Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, treatment, diagnosis and prevention of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an ''oncologist''. The name's etymological origin is the Greek word ὄγκος (''� ...

thrombosis Thrombosis (from Ancient Greek "clotting") is the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. When a blood vessel (a vein or an artery) is injured, the body uses platelets (t ...

and

vaccine A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular infectious or malignant disease. The safety and effectiveness of vaccines has been widely studied and verified.

s (it is the world's largest producer of the latter through its subsidiary

Sanofi Pasteur Sanofi Pasteur is the vaccines division of the French multinational pharmaceutical company Sanofi. Sanofi Pasteur is the largest company in the world devoted entirely to vaccines. It is one of four global producers of the yellow fever vaccine. ...

History

Sanofi-Synthélabo

Sanofi was founded in 1973 as a subsidiary of

Elf Aquitaine Elf Aquitaine is a French brand of oils and other motor products (such as brake fluids) for automobiles and trucks. Elf is a former petroleum company which merged with TotalFina to form "TotalFinaElf". The new company changed its name to Total ...

(a French oil company subsequently acquired by Total), when Elf Aquitaine took control of the Labaz group, a pharmaceutical company formed in 1947, by Sociéte Belge de l'Azote et des Produits Chimiques du Marly; Labaz developed benziodarone in 1957. In 1993, Sanofi made a move into the Eastern Europe market by acquiring a controlling interest in Chinoin, a Hungarian drug company that had about US$104 million in sales in 1992.Staff, The Pharma Letter. Sept 20, 199
Sanofi Extends Holding in Chinoin
/ref> In that same year, Sanofi's made its first significant venture into the U.S., and strengthened its presence in Eastern Europe, by first partnering with Sterling Winthrop and then acquiring the prescription pharmaceuticals business in 1994. Sanofi was incorporated under the laws of France in 1994, as a ''société anonyme'', a form of limited liability company.Sanofi-Synthélab
Form 20F for the Fiscal Year ended 31 December 2002
/ref> Synthélabo was founded in 1970, through the merger of two French pharmaceutical laboratories, Laboratoires Dausse (founded in 1834) and Laboratoires Robert & Carrière (founded in 1899). In 1973, the French cosmetics group

L'Oréal L'Oréal S.A. () is a French personal care company headquartered in Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine with a registered office in Paris. It is the world's largest cosmetics company and has developed activities in the field concentrating on hair color, ...

acquired the majority of its share capital. In 1991, Synthelabo acquired Laboratories Delalande and Laboratoires Delagrange, and through this deal picked up the product

metoclopramide Metoclopramide is a medication used for stomach and esophageal problems. It is commonly used to treat and prevent nausea and vomiting, to help with emptying of the stomach in people with delayed stomach emptying, and to help with gastroesoph ...

Sanofi-Synthélabo was formed in 1999, when Sanofi merged with Synthélabo; at the time of the merger Sanofi was the second largest pharmaceutical group in France in terms of sales and Synthélabo was the third largest. The merged company was based in Paris, France. The merged companies focused on pharmaceuticals, divesting several businesses soon after the merger, including beauty, diagnostics, animal health and nutrition, custom chemicals, and two medical equipment businesses.

Aventis

Aventis was formed in 1999, when French company

Rhône-Poulenc Rhône-Poulenc () was a French chemical and pharmaceutical company founded in 1928. In 1999 it merged with Hoechst AG to form Aventis. As of 2015, the pharmaceutical operations of Rhône-Poulenc are part of Sanofi and the chemicals divisions a ...

S.A. merged with the German corporation

Hoechst Marion Roussel Hoechst AG () was a German chemicals then life-sciences company that became Aventis Deutschland after its merger with France's Rhône-Poulenc S.A. in 1999. With the new company's 2004 merger with Sanofi-Synthélabo, it became a subsidiary of the ...

, which itself was formed from the 1995 merger of

Hoechst AG Hoechst AG () was a German chemicals then life-sciences company that became Aventis Deutschland after its merger with France's Rhône-Poulenc S.A. in 1999. With the new company's 2004 merger with Sanofi-Synthélabo, it became a subsidiary of th ...

with

Cassella Cassella AG, formerly Leopold Cassella & Co. and Cassella Farbwerke Mainkur AG, commonly known as Cassella, was a German chemical and pharmaceutical company with headquarters in Frankfurt am Main. Founded in 1798 in the Frankfurt Jewish Alley by ...

Roussel Uclaf Roussel Uclaf S.A. was a French pharmaceutical company and one of several predecessor companies of today's Sanofi. It was the second largest French pharmaceutical company before it was acquired by Hoechst AG of Frankfurt, Germany in 1997, with p ...

and

Marion Merrell Dow Marion Merrell Dow and its predecessor Marion Laboratories was a U.S. pharmaceutical company based in Kansas City, Missouri from 1950 until 1996. The company specialized in bringing to market drugs that had been discovered but unmarketed by other ...

, the majority partner at the time in

, was itself a merger of two of the three forcibly separated subsidiaries of IG Farben, exploiter of Auschwitz slave labor and supplier of

Zyklon B Zyklon B (; translated Cyclone B) was the trade name of a cyanide-based pesticide invented in Germany in the early 1920s. It consisted of hydrogen cyanide (prussic acid), as well as a cautionary eye irritant and one of several adsorbents such ...

during

The Holocaust The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews across German-occupied Europe; ...

. The merged company was based in

Schiltigheim Schiltigheim (, , and sometimes by non-local speakers of French; Alsatian: ''Schelige'' ; ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. The inhabitants are called ''Schilikois'' in French and ''Scheligemer'' ...

, near Strasbourg, France.Aventi
Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended 31 December 2002
/ref>Arturo Bris and Christos Cabolis
Corporate Governance Convergence Through Cross-Border Mergers The Case of Aventis
Chapter 4 i

Eds Greg N. Gregoriou, Luc Renneboog. Academic Press, 26 July 2007Lawton Robert Burns
The Business of Healthcare Innovation
Cambridge University Press, 26 July 2012 At the time of the merger, Rhône-Poulenc's business included the pharmaceutical businesses Rorer, Centeon (blood products), and Pasteur Merieux (vaccines), the plant and animal health businesses Rhône-Poulenc Agro, Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition, and

Merial Boehringer Ingelheim Animal Health is a multinational animal health company, formed in January 2017 when Merial was acquired by Boehringer Ingelheim and merged with Boehringer Ingelheim's existing animal health assets. Overview In August 1997, ...

, and a 67 percent share in Rhodia, a speciality chemicals company. Hoechst, one of the companies resulting from the post-WWII split of IG Farben, had seven primary businesses: Hoechst Marion Roussel (pharmaceuticals), AgrEvo (a joint venture with Schering in crop protection agents and pest control products), HR Vet (veterinary products),

Dade Behring Dade Behring was a company which manufactured testing machinery and supplies for the medical diagnostics industry, based in Deerfield, Illinois and Glasgow, Delaware (formerly a DuPont site). History Behring Diagnostics, a Frankfurt-based compa ...

(diagnostics), Centeon,

Celanese Celanese Corporation, formerly known as Hoechst Celanese, is an American technology and specialty materials company headquartered in Irving, Texas. A Fortune 500 corporation, the company is the world’s leading producer of acetic acid, prod ...

(chemicals), and Messer (chemicals). Merieux has been in the business of selling blood products, and in the 1980s during the AIDS epidemic, Merieux and other companies were involved in scandals related to HIV-

contaminated haemophilia blood products Contaminated hemophilia blood products were a serious public health problem in the late 1970s up to 1985. These products caused large numbers of hemophiliacs to become infected with HIV and hepatitis C. The companies involved included Alpha Ther ...

that were sold to developing nations. In 2000, Aventis and

Millennium Pharmaceuticals Takeda Oncology (originally Millennium Pharmaceuticals) is a biopharmaceutical company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. It is a fully owned subsidiary of Takeda Pharmaceutical. Takeda Oncology's research, development and commercialization act ...

, a US biotechnology company formed to discover new drugs based on the then-new science of genomics, announced that Aventis would make a $250M investment in Millennium and would pay $200M to Millennium in research fees over five years, one of the largest such deals between a big pharmaceutical company and a biotech company at the time. In late 2000, in the midst of the recall of Starlink, its

genetically modified maize Genetically modified maize ( corn) is a genetically modified crop. Specific maize strains have been genetically engineered to express agriculturally-desirable traits, including resistance to pests and to herbicides. Maize strains with both tra ...

product, Aventis announced that it had determined to sell off Aventis Cropscience, the seed and pesticide business unit it had created from the agriculture businesses of its predecessors. In October 2001, Bayer and Aventis announced that Bayer would acquire the unit for about $6.6 billion, with the unit becoming

Bayer CropScience Bayer AG (, commonly pronounced ; ) is a German multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company and one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world. Headquartered in Leverkusen, Bayer's areas of business include pharmaceutica ...

and making Bayer the world's second-largest agrochemical company behind Syngenta. In 2003, Aventis entered into a collaboration with

Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is an American biotechnology company headquartered in Westchester County, New York. The company was founded in 1988. Originally focused on neurotrophic factors and their regenerative capabilities, giving rise to ...

, a New York biotechnology company, to develop Regeneron's

VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF, ), originally known as vascular permeability factor (VPF), is a signal protein produced by many cells that stimulates the formation of blood vessels. To be specific, VEGF is a sub-family of growth factors ...

-inhibiting drug,

aflibercept Aflibercept, sold under the brand names Eylea and Zaltrap, is a medication used to treat wet macular degeneration and metastatic colorectal cancer. It was developed by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and is approved in the United States and the Europe ...

, in the field of cancer, which was then in Phase I clinical trials. Aventis invested $45 million in Regeneron and made an upfront payment of $80 million in cash. Regeneron partnered the drug with

Bayer Healthcare Bayer AG (, commonly pronounced ; ) is a German multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company and one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world. Headquartered in Leverkusen, Bayer's areas of business include pharmaceutica ...

in the field of proliferative eye diseases, and under the name Eylea it was approved by the U.S.

Food and Drug Administration The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a List of United States federal agencies, federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is respon ...

(FDA) in 2011; after several setbacks in clinical trials, Regeneron and Sanofi got the drug approved in metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with other agents, under the brand name Zaltrap in 2012.

Sanofi-Aventis merger

Sanofi-Aventis was formed in 2004, when Sanofi-Synthélabo acquired Aventis. In early 2004, Sanofi-Synthélabo made a

hostile takeover In business, a takeover is the purchase of one company (the ''target'') by another (the ''acquirer'' or ''bidder''). In the UK, the term refers to the acquisition of a public company whose shares are listed on a stock exchange, in contrast to t ...

bid worth €47.8 billion for Aventis. Initially, Aventis rejected the bid because it felt that the bid offered inferior value based on the company's share value, and the board of Aventis went so far as to enact poison pill provisions and to invite

Novartis Novartis AG is a Swiss-American multinational pharmaceutical corporation based in Basel, Switzerland and Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States (global research).name="novartis.com">https://www.novartis.com/research-development/research-loc ...

to enter merger negotiations. The three-month takeover battle concluded when Sanofi-Synthélabo launched a friendly bid of €54.5 billion in place of the previously rejected hostile bid. The French government played a strong role, desiring what it called a "local solution", by putting heavy pressure on Sanofi-Synthélabo to raise its bid for Aventis and for Aventis to accept the offer and by rejecting Aventis' poison pill proposal. One of the largest risks in the deal for both sides, was the fate of the patents protecting

Clopidogrel Clopidogrel — sold under the brand name Plavix, among others — is an antiplatelet medication used to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in those at high risk. It is also used together with aspirin in heart attacks and following ...

(Plavix) which was one of the top-selling drugs in the world at the time and the major source of Sanofi's revenue.

Post-merger activities

In 2006, Iraqis infected with HIV sued Sanofi and Baxter due to HIV-

sold by Merieux in the 1980s. In 2006, the US patents on

clopidogrel Clopidogrel — sold under the brand name Plavix, among others — is an antiplatelet medication used to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in those at high risk. It is also used together with aspirin in heart attacks and following ...

(Plavix) were challenged when a Canadian generics company,

Apotex Apotex Inc. is a Canadian pharmaceutical corporation. Founded in 1974 by Barry Sherman, the company is the largest producer of generic drugs in Canada, with annual sales exceeding . By 2016, Apotex employed over 10,000 people as one of Canada's ...

, filed an

Abbreviated New Drug Application An Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) is an application for a U.S. generic drug approval for an existing licensed medication or approved drug. The ANDA is submitted to FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Office of Generic Drug ...

under the Hatch-Waxman Act, received FDA approval, and started marketing a generic clopidogrel. While Sanofi-Aventis and its partner on the drug, Bristol Myers Squibb (BMS), were able to get an injunction to stop Apotex from selling the drug, the case became complicated when settlement negotiations fell apart twice – the second time due to an

oral agreement An oral contract is a contract, the terms of which have been agreed by spoken communication. This is in contrast to a written contract, where the contract is a written document. There may be written, or other physical evidence, of an oral contract ...

made by BMS CEO Peter Dolan that BMS failed to disclose to the Federal Trade Commission during the review of the settlement agreement to ensure that it did not violate antitrust law. When Apotex disclosed the oral agreement to the FTC, the FTC launched an investigation that led to Dolan being fired by BMS. Apotex finally lost on the patent litigation issues after its third appeal was decided in favor of BMS/Sanofi in November 2011; Apotex had to pay ~$442 million in damages and ~$108 million in interest for infringing the patent, which it paid in full by February 2012. Apotex also sued BMS and Sanofi for $3.4 billion for allegedly breaching the settlement agreement, and Apotex lost a jury trial in March 2013. In 2007, Sanofi-Aventis expanded on Aventis' prior relationship with

; in the new deal Sanofi-Aventis agreed to pay Regeneron $100 million each year for five years, under which Regeneron would use its

monoclonal antibody A monoclonal antibody (mAb, more rarely called moAb) is an antibody produced from a cell Lineage made by cloning a unique white blood cell. All subsequent antibodies derived this way trace back to a unique parent cell. Monoclonal antibodies ...

discovery Discovery may refer to: * Discovery (observation), observing or finding something unknown * Discovery (fiction), a character's learning something unknown * Discovery (law), a process in courts of law relating to evidence Discovery, The Discover ...

platform to create new

biopharmaceuticals A biopharmaceutical, also known as a biological medical product, or biologic, is any pharmaceutical drug product manufactured in, extracted from, or semisynthesized from biological sources. Different from totally synthesized pharmaceuticals, t ...

, which Sanofi-Aventis gained the exclusive right to co-develop. In 2009, the companies expanded the deal to $160 million per year and extended it through 2017.Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News. 11 November 200
Sanofi-Aventis Commits Over $2.8B to Regeneron in mAb Discovery Alliance
/ref> , the collaboration had four antibodies in clinical development and had filed an IND for a fifth. Two were against undisclosed targets, one targeted the

interleukin-6 Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is an interleukin that acts as both a pro-inflammatory cytokine and an anti-inflammatory myokine. In humans, it is encoded by the ''IL6'' gene. In addition, osteoblasts secrete IL-6 to stimulate osteoclast formation. Smoo ...

receptor Receptor may refer to: * Sensory receptor, in physiology, any structure which, on receiving environmental stimuli, produces an informative nerve impulse *Receptor (biochemistry), in biochemistry, a protein molecule that receives and responds to a ...

as a treatment for

rheumatoid arthritis Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term autoimmune disorder that primarily affects joints. It typically results in warm, swollen, and painful joints. Pain and stiffness often worsen following rest. Most commonly, the wrist and hands are invol ...

, another targeted nerve growth factor for the treatment of pain, and another targeted delta-like ligand 4 as a treatment of cancer. Between 2008, when

Chris Viehbacher Chris Viehbacher (born 1960) is a German-Canadian businessman. Sanofi He served as the Chief Executive Officer of Sanofi and Chairman of Genzyme until 29 October 2014. Viehbacher currently works with Gurnet Point Capital, a healthcare venture capit ...

was hired as CEO, and 2010, the company spent more than $17 billion in mergers and acquisitions to strengthen its consumer healthcare and generics platforms, especially in emerging markets, in the face of looming

patent cliff The term patent cliff refers to the phenomenon of patent expiration dates and an abrupt drop in sales that follows for a group of products capturing a high percentage of a market. Usually, these phenomena are noticed when they affect ''blockbuster p ...

s and the growth of the consumer healthcare segment. In September,

Zentiva Zentiva is a pharmaceutical company based in Prague, Czech Republic. The company is developing, manufacturing and marketing a wide range of generic and OTC products. Zentiva employs more than 4 700 people across Europe and has three manufacturin ...

was acquired for €1.8 billion, expanding the group's eastern European markets presence. In 2009, Medley Farma, the third largest pharmaceutical company in Brazil and a leading generics company in that country, was acquired for about $635 million.Leigh Kamping-Carder for Law360. 20 May 201
Brazil Clears Sanofi's $635M Medley Pharma Buy
/ref> Sanofi outbid

Teva Pharmaceuticals Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. (also known as Teva Pharmaceuticals) is an Israeli multinational pharmaceutical company with headquarters in Tel Aviv, Israel. It specializes primarily in generic drugs, but other business interests include ...

. The deal was approved by Brazil's antitrust authorities in May 2010. Later that year, Indian vaccine manufacturer

Shantha Biotechnics Shantha Biotechnics Limited is an Indian biotechnology company headquartered in Hyderabad, India. It is the first Indian company to develop, manufacture and market recombinant human healthcare products in India. The company is a wholly owned s ...

was acquired for $784 million. In October Sanofi-Aventis announced that it would lay off about 1,700 US employees (about 25% of its US workforce) due to restructuring triggered by growing generic competition and other factors, and that the company would focus its US operations on diabetes, atrial fibrillation and oncology. In 2010, U.S. consumer healthcare company Chattem, Inc. was acquired for around $1.9 billion. In the same year, Nepentes Pharma was acquired for $130 million and BMP Sunstone Corporation for $520.6 million.

Name change, acquisitions and investments

The company dropped the -Aventis suffix of its name on 6 May 2011, after receiving approval at its annual general meeting. The reason given by the company for the change was to make its name easier to pronounce in countries such as China. In 2011,

Genzyme Corporation Genzyme was an American biotechnology company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Since its acquisition in 2011, Genzyme (also known as Genzyme Transgenics Corp or GTC Biotherapeutics) has been a fully owned subsidiary of Sanofi. In 2010, Genzyme ...

was acquired for around $20.1 billion. This biotechnology company headquartered in Cambridge, Massachusetts specializes in the treatment of

orphan diseases A rare disease is any disease that affects a small percentage of the population. In some parts of the world, an orphan disease is a rare disease whose rarity means there is a lack of a market large enough to gain support and resources for discove ...

, renal diseases, endocrinology, oncology and biosurgery. In January 2012, Sanofi co-invested in the $125 million Series A financing of Warp Drive Bio. Sanofi sought support for its internal cancer research program and also took on an obligation to acquire Warp Drive if certain milestones were met. In January 2014, Genzyme and

Alnylam Pharmaceuticals Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is an American biopharmaceutical company focused on the discovery, development and commercialization of RNA interference (RNAi) therapeutics for genetically defined diseases. The company was founded in 2002 and is he ...

, a US biotechnology company developing

RNAi RNA interference (RNAi) is a biological process in which RNA molecules are involved in sequence-specific suppression of gene expression by double-stranded RNA, through translational or transcriptional repression. Historically, RNAi was known by ...

therapeutics, announced that Genyzme would invest $700 million in Alnylam. Under the deal, Genzyme obtained further rights to patisiran, an RNAi treatment for

transthyretin Transthyretin (TTR or TBPA) is a transport protein in the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid that transports the thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) and retinol to the liver. This is how transthyretin gained its name: ''transports thyroxine and retinol' ...

-mediated amyloidosis – a condition that can result in familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy and familial amyloidotic cardiomyopathy - and obtained rights to other compounds in Alnylam's pipeline. In March 2014, Sanofi joined the bidding for Merck & Co.'s over-the-counter health-products unit, the maker of

Coppertone Coppertone is the brand name for an American sunscreen. Coppertone is headquartered in Whippany, New Jersey. Coppertone uses a variety of branding, including the Coppertone girl logo and a distinctive fragrance. Product line The original prod ...

sunblock and

Claritin Loratadine, sold under the brand name Claritin among others, is a medication used to treat allergies. This includes allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and hives. It is also available in combination with pseudoephedrine, a decongestant, known as lo ...

allergy medicine; bids were expected to range between $10 billion and $12 billion. In October 2014, Sanofi's directors fired US-resident chief executive

, blaming his alleged lack of communication with the board and poor execution of his strategy. Board chairperson Serge Weinberg took over as interim CEO until 2 April 2015 when

board chairperson

Olivier Brandicourt Olivier Brandicourt (born 13 February 1956) is a French business executive and physician, and the former chief executive officer of Sanofi. Career Olivier Brandicourt studied medicine in Paris and specialized in infectious diseases and tropical ...

(appointed by Sanofi on 19 February 2015) took over. Before Brandicourt even started his new job, French government ministers Stéphane Le Foll and

Ségolène Royal Marie-Ségolène Royal (; born 22 September 1953) is a French politician who was the Socialist Party candidate for the Presidency of France in the 2007 election. Royal was president of the Poitou-Charentes Regional Council from 2004 to 201 ...

attacked the $4.5 million golden handshake he was getting from Sanofi – and his pay of about $4.7 million a year. Further, in 2014, the business took a 66% stake in Globalpharma, Dubai-based generics manufacturer. In July 2015,

Genzyme Genzyme was an American biotechnology company based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Since its acquisition in 2011, Genzyme (also known as Genzyme Transgenics Corp or GTC Biotherapeutics) has been a fully owned subsidiary of Sanofi. In 2010, Genzyme ...

announced it would acquire the rare cancer drug Caprelsa (

vandetanib Vandetanib, sold under the brand name Caprelsa, is an anti-cancer medication that is used for the treatment of certain tumours of the thyroid gland. It acts as a kinase inhibitor of a number of cell receptors, mainly the vascular endothelial gr ...

) from

AstraZeneca AstraZeneca plc () is a British-Swedish multinational pharmaceutical and biotechnology company with its headquarters at the Cambridge Biomedical Campus in Cambridge, England. It has a portfolio of products for major diseases in areas includi ...

for up to $300 million. In the same month in July 2015, the company announced a new global collaboration with

to discover, develop, and commercialise new immuno-oncology drugs, which could generate more than $2 billion for Regeneron, with $640 million upfront, $750 million for proof of concept data and $650 million from the development of REGN2810. In June 2016, the company announced it had struck an asset-swap deal with Boehringer Ingelheim. Sanofi would sell its

animal health division (valuing it at €11.4 billion), whilst acquiring Boehringer's consumer health division (valuing it at €6.7 billion) and €4.7 billion in cash. The deal means Sanofi is now one of the global consumer healthcare leaders by market share. In July 2017, the company announced its intention to acquire Protein Sciences, a privately held, Connecticut-based vaccines biotechnology company, for $650 million and with up to $100 million in milestone achievements. In January 2018, Sanofi announced that it would acquire Bioverativ for $11.6 billion and days later announced it would acquire

Ablynx Ablynx is a subsidiary of biopharmaceutical company Sanofi engaged in the discovery and development of nanobodies, based in Science Park Zwijnaarde, Ghent. History In November 2001, Ablynx was established as a spin-off of the Vlaams Instituut ...

for €3.9 billion ($4.8 billion). In December 2019, the company announced it would acquire Synthorx for $2.5 billion ($68 per share), adding the lead product candidate THOR-707 (SAR444245), a form of

interleukin-2 Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an interleukin, a type of cytokine signaling molecule in the immune system. It is a 15.5–16 kDa protein that regulates the activities of white blood cells (leukocytes, often lymphocytes) that are responsible fo ...

(IL-2) being developed for use against multiple solid tumours. In October 2022, Sanofi announced that it had stopped the ongoing Phase 2 tests of THOR-707 (SAR444245) because the drug’s efficacy “was lower than projected”. Sanofi would take a roughly $1.6 billion impairment charge because of delays to the program. In May 2020

Regeneron Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is an American biotechnology company headquartered in Westchester County, New York. The company was founded in 1988. Originally focused on neurotrophic factors and their regenerative capabilities, giving rise to i ...

announced it would repurchase around $5 billion of its shares, held directly by Sanofi. Prior to the transaction Sanofi held 23.2 million Regeneron shares. In June, the company announced it had agreed a potential $2 billion deal with Translate Bio, expanding an already existing collaboration for COVID-19 treatments. The company agreed to produce 60 million doses of a coronavirus vaccine for the United Kingdom government in July 2020. It uses recombinant protein-based technology for Sanofi's flu vaccine along with GSK's pandemic technology and was seeking regulatory approval by the first half of 2021. Sanofi also agreed to a $2.1 billion deal with the United States for 100 million doses. In August, Sanofi announced it would acquire Principia Biopharma for $3.7 billion, acquiring its

BTK inhibitor Bruton's tyrosine kinase (abbreviated Btk or BTK), also known as tyrosine-protein kinase BTK, is a tyrosine kinase that is encoded by the ''BTK'' gene in humans. BTK plays a crucial role in B cell development. Structure BTK contains five diffe ...

programme. The acquisition was completed in September 2020. In November, Sanofi announced it would acquire Kiadis Pharma for €308 million (around $359 million, or €5.45 per share) expanding its immuno-oncology pipeline with the acquisition of Kiadis' three clinical compounds: K-NK002 in Phase II trials for hematopoietic stem cell transplants in blood cancer, K-NK003 for relapsed or refractory

acute myeloid leukemia Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a cancer of the myeloid line of blood cells, characterized by the rapid growth of abnormal cells that build up in the bone marrow and blood and interfere with normal blood cell production. Symptoms may inclu ...

and K-NK-ID101 for

COVID-19 Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by a virus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. The disease quickly ...

. In January 2021, Sanofi announced it would buy the British biotech, Kymab Ltd and its potential first-in-class drug candidate – KY1005 –- for $1.45 billion. In April, the business announced it would acquire Tidal Therapeutics for up to $470m. in August the company announced it would acquire

Translate Bio Translation is the communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The English language draws a terminological distinction (which does not exist in every language) between ''transla ...

and its mRNA vaccine technology for $3.2 billion. On 8 September, Sanofi announced it will acquire US biotech company Kadmon Corporation for $1.9 billion On 18 November, it was reported that Sanofi would be investing $180 million in French startup

Owkin Owkin is a medical A.I. company created in 2016 that develops a federated learning A.I. platform to help pharmaceutical companies discover new drugs. Owkin has collaborated with Amgen to demonstrate the ability of A.I. to improve cardiovascular pr ...

, whose predictive algorithms aim to improve the research and development of new cures against cancer. In December, the company announced it would acquire Origimm Biotechnology GmbH and its acne vaccine candidate ( ORI-001), as well as Amunix Pharmaceuticals for an initial $1 billion, plus potentially $200 million in additional milestones. In April 2022, Sanofi broke ground on its biggest industrial investment, a $638m vaccine and enzymes production facility in

Tuas Tuas is a planning area located within the West Region of Singapore. It is bounded by the Western Water Catchment to its north, Pioneer to its east and the Straits of Johor to its west. Tuas also shares a maritime boundary with the Western Isl ...

Singapore Singapore (), officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign island country and city-state in maritime Southeast Asia. It lies about one degree of latitude () north of the equator, off the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, bor ...

, targeted for completion in 2025.

Company financials

Note. In 2001—2004 – Sanofi-Synthélabo, in 2004—2011 – Sanofi-Aventis.

Acquisition history

*Sanofi **Sanofi–Aventis ***

Aventis Sanofi S.A. is a French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company headquartered in Paris, France. Originally, the corporation was established in 1973 and merged with Synthélabo in 1999 to form Sanofi-Synthélabo. In 2004, Sanofi-Sy ...

(Merged 2004) ****

(Merged 1999) *****Rorer *****Centeon *****Pasteur Merieux *****Rhône-Poulenc Agro *****Rhône-Poulenc Animal Nutrition *****Merial (Sold to Boehringer Ingelheim 2016) ***** Rhodia ****

(Merged 1999) ***** AgrEvo *****HR Vet *****

*****Centeon *****

*****Messer ***

Sanofi-Synthélabo Sanofi S.A. is a French multinational pharmaceutical and healthcare company headquartered in Paris, France. Originally, the corporation was established in 1973 and merged with Synthélabo in 1999 to form Sanofi-Synthélabo. In 2004, Sanofi-Syn ...

(Merged 2004) ****Sanofi (Est 1973 as subsidiary of

) *****Midy ***** Sterling Winthrop (Acq 1994) **** Synthélabo *****Laboratoires Dausse (Founded 1834, merged 1970) *****Robert & Carrière (Founded 1899, merged 1970) ***

(Acq 2008) ****Leciva Slovakofarma (Acq 2003) ****Sicomed SA Bucharest (Acq 2005) ***Medley Farma (Acq 2009) ***Shantha Biotechnics (Acq 2009) ***Chattem (Acq 2010) ***Nepentes Pharma (Acq 2010) ***BMP Sunstone Corporation (Acq 2010) **

(Acq 2011) ***Whatman Biochemicals Ltd (Acq 1981) ***Koch-Light Laboratories (Acq 1982) ***Integrated Genetics (Acq 1989, spun off 1991) ***Genecore International (Diagnostic enzyme div, acq 1991) ***Medix Biotech, Inc. (Acq 1992) ***Enzymatix Ltd (Acq 1992) ***Vivigen (Acq 1992) ***Virotech (Acq 1993) ***Omni Res srl (Acq 1993) ***Sygena Ltd (Acq 1994) ***BioSurface Technology Inc. (Acq 1994) ***TSI Inc. (Acq 1994) ***PharmaGenics, Inc. (Acq 1997) ***Biomatrix (Acq 2000) ***SangStat Medical Corp. (Acq 2003) ***Ilex Oncology Inc. (Acq 2004) ***Bone Care International Inc. (Acq 2005) ***AnorMED Inc. (Acq 2006) ***Bioenvision (Acq 2007) **Protein Sciences (Acq 2017) ** Bioverativ (Acq 2018) ***True North Therapeutics (Acq 2017) **

(Acq 2018) **Synthorx (Acq 2019) **Principia Biopharma (Acq 2020) **Kiadis Pharma (Acq 2020) **Kymab Ltd (Acq 2021) **Tidal Therapeutics (Acq 2021) **Translate Bio (Acq 2021) ** Kadmon Corporation (Acq 2021) **Origimm Biotechnology GmbH (Acq 2021) **Amunix Pharmaceuticals (Acq 2021)

Products

The following products are found on the Sanofi Genzyme website. Generic drug names are given in parentheses following the brand name. –

Autoimmune In immunology, autoimmunity is the system of immune responses of an organism against its own healthy cells, tissues and other normal body constituents. Any disease resulting from this type of immune response is termed an "autoimmune disease". ...

* Aubagio (

Teriflunomide Teriflunomide, sold under the brand name Aubagio, is the active metabolite of leflunomide. Teriflunomide was investigated in the Phase III clinical trial TEMSO as a medication for multiple sclerosis (MS). The study was completed in July 2010. 2- ...

), small molecule for multiple sclerosis. Approved by the FDA in September 2012. * Auvi-Q (

Epinephrine autoinjector An epinephrine autoinjector (or adrenaline autoinjector, also known by the trademark EpiPen) is a medical device for injecting a measured dose or doses of epinephrine (adrenaline) by means of autoinjector technology. It is most often used for t ...

), licensed from Intelliject and approved by the FDA in 2012, for emergency treatment of life-threatening

allergic reactions Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, refer a number of conditions caused by the hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment. These diseases include hay fever, food allergies, atopic derm ...

. Product recall and effects: The Epinephrine auto-injection devices made by Sanofi SA currently on the market in the U.S. and Canada were voluntarily recalled on 28 October 2015. The reason stated by Sanofi was that the products have been found to potentially have inaccurate dosage delivery, which may include failure to deliver drug. Sanofi US also added the following warning: If a patient experiencing a serious allergic reaction (i.e., anaphylaxis) did not receive the intended dose, there could be significant health consequences, including death because anaphylaxis is a potentially life‑threatening condition. In its news release on 28 October 2015, Sanofi Canada stated that it was "actively working with suppliers of alternative epinephrine auto-injectors to have a full stock available in Canada as soon as possible. Canadian customers were asked to immediately return the Allerject product to their local pharmacy to obtain an alternate epinephrine auto-injector." The U.S.

(FDA) also filed a news release confirming that the recall involves all Auvi-Q currently on the market in the U.S. The FDA release went on to provide information for consumers re: exchanging the device for another brand of product, also provided on the Auvi-Q web site. Sanofi US will provide reimbursement for out of pocket costs incurred for the purchase of new, alternate epinephrine auto-injectors with proof of purchase. The alternate products expected to most commonly replace the recalled Sanofi devices are the EpiPens made by

Mylan Mylan N.V. was a global generic and specialty pharmaceuticals company. In November 2020, Mylan merged with Upjohn, Pfizer's off-patent medicine division, to form Viatris. Previously, the company was domiciled in the Netherlands, with principal e ...

in the US and by Pfizer—under license from Mylan—in Canada. Mylan already had an 85% market share of the auto-injectors in the US in the first half of 2015. Maylan was expected to benefit from the recall by its competitor Sanofi, according to a report published in the Fierce Pharma newsletter of 2 November 2015: "....it is very hard to see Auvi-Q returning to the market, as it will need to be redesigned and face uphill battle to recapture patient trust after the recall," Bernstein analyst Ronny Gal wrote in a note to clients. Gal also believes that the company will eventually have 95% of the Epinephrine auto-injector market, according to another Fierce Pharma report on 3 November 2015. –

Cardiovascular The blood circulatory system is a system of organs that includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood which is circulated throughout the entire body of a human or other vertebrate. It includes the cardiovascular system, or vascular system, tha ...

* Adenoscan ( Adenosine), for arrhythmias, marketed by Astellas. * Altace (

Ramipril Ramipril, sold under the brand name Altace among others, is an ACE inhibitor type medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It can also be used as a preventative medication in patients over 55 yea ...

), for hypertension, marketed by Pfizer. * Arixtra (

Fondaparinux Fondaparinux (trade name Arixtra) is an anticoagulant medication chemically related to low molecular weight heparins. It is marketed by GlaxoSmithKline. A generic version developed by Alchemia is marketed within the US by Dr. Reddy's Laboratorie ...

), for thrombosis, marketed by GlaxoSmithKline and now owned by Mylan. * Avalide (

Irbesartan Irbesartan, sold under the brand name Avapro among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth. Versi ...

), for hypertension, marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. *

Avapro Irbesartan, sold under the brand name Avapro among others, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a reasonable initial treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth. Versi ...

(

), for hypertension, marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. * Cardizem ( Diltiazem), for hypertension, Now owned by Bausch Health. * Cholestagel (

Colesevelam Colesevelam is a bile acid sequestrant administered orally. It was developed by GelTex Pharmaceuticals and later acquired by Genzyme. It is marketed in the U.S. by Daiichi Sankyo under the brand name Welchol and elsewhere by Genzyme as Cholestage ...

), for low-calorie diet and exercise. * Cordarone (

Amiodarone Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat and prevent a number of types of cardiac dysrhythmias. This includes ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), and wide complex tachycardia, as well as atrial fibril ...

), for heart rhythm problems. * Iprivask ( Desirudin), for atherothrombosis, Now owned by Bausch Health. * Kynamro ( Mipomersen), an

antisense drug Antisense therapy is a form of treatment that uses antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) to target messenger RNA (mRNA). ASOs are capable of altering mRNA expression through a variety of mechanisms, including ribonuclease H mediated decay of the pre-m ...

invented by Isis Pharmaceuticals and acquired by Genzyme in 2008, (pre-Sanofi) and approved by the FDA in 2013, for the

orphan disease A rare disease is any disease that affects a small percentage of the population. In some parts of the world, an orphan disease is a rare disease whose rarity means there is a lack of a market large enough to gain support and resources for discove ...

homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. *

Lasix Furosemide is a loop diuretic medication used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease. It may also be used for the treatment of high blood pressure. It can be taken by injection into a vein or by mouth ...

(

Furosemide Furosemide is a loop diuretic medication used to treat fluid build-up due to heart failure, liver scarring, or kidney disease. It may also be used for the treatment of high blood pressure. It can be taken by injection into a vein or by m ...

), for edema. * Lovenox (

Enoxaparin Enoxaparin sodium, sold under the brand name Lovenox among others, is an anticoagulant medication (blood thinner). It is used to treat and prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) including during pregnancy and following c ...

), for thrombosis, (its biggest seller in 2008). *

Multaq Dronedarone, sold under the brand name Multaq, is a medication by Sanofi-Aventis, mainly for the indication of cardiac arrhythmias. It was approved by the FDA on July 2, 2009. It was recommended as an alternative to amiodarone for the treatment ...

(

Dronedarone Dronedarone, sold under the brand name Multaq, is a medication by Sanofi-Aventis, mainly for the indication of cardiac arrhythmias. It was approved by the FDA on July 2, 2009. It was recommended as an alternative to amiodarone for the treatment ...

), for cardiac arrhythmias. * Nitrolingual ( Nitroglycerin), for chest pain and angina, marketed by G. Pohl-Boskamp GmbH & Co. *

Plavix Clopidogrel — sold under the brand name Plavix, among others — is an antiplatelet medication used to reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke in those at high risk. It is also used together with aspirin in heart attacks and following th ...

(

), for atherothrombosis, marketed by Bristol-Myers Squibb. * Praluent (

Alirocumab Alirocumab, sold under the brand name Praluent, is a medication used as a second-line treatment for high cholesterol for adults whose cholesterol is not controlled by diet and statin treatment. It is a human monoclonal antibody that belongs to a ...

), for heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and clinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, marketed by Regeneron. *

Ranexa Ranolazine, sold under the brand name Ranexa among others, is a medication used to treat heart related chest pain. Typically it is used together with other medications when those are insufficient. Benefits appear smaller in women than men. It ...

(

Ranolazine Ranolazine, sold under the brand name Ranexa among others, is a medication used to treat heart related chest pain. Typically it is used together with other medications when those are insufficient. Benefits appear smaller in women than men. It ...

), for stable angina, marketed by Gilead Sciences. –

Dermatology Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin.''Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.'' Random House, Inc. 2001. Page 537. . It is a speciality with both medical and surgical aspects. A dermatologist is a specialist medica ...

Dupixent Dupilumab, sold under the brand name Dupixent, is a monoclonal antibody blocking interleukin 4 and interleukin 13, used for allergic diseases such as eczema (atopic dermatitis), asthma and nasal polyps which result in chronic sinusitis. It is ...

(

Dupilumab Dupilumab, sold under the brand name Dupixent, is a monoclonal antibody blocking interleukin 4 and interleukin 13, used for allergic diseases such as eczema (atopic dermatitis), asthma and nasal polyps which result in chronic sinusitis. It is ...

), for eczema, marketed by Regeneron. * Dynabac ( Dirithromycin), for acute bacteria exacerbations. * Sklice (

Ivermectin Ivermectin (, '' EYE-vər-MEK-tin'') is an antiparasitic drug. After its discovery in 1975, its first uses were in veterinary medicine to prevent and treat heartworm and acariasis. Approved for human use in 1987, today it is used to treat i ...

), for head lice, now owned by Arbor Pharmaceuticals. –

Diabetes Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level ( hyperglycemia) over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst and increased ...

* Adlyxin (

Lixisenatide Lixisenatide (trade name Lyxumia in the European Union and Adlyxin in the U.S. and manufactured by Sanofi) is a once-daily injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Medical use Lixisenatide is used as adjunct to di ...

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Admelog (insulin lispro), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Afrezza ( Inhalable insulin), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

Amaryl Glimepiride, is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is less preferred than metformin. Use is recommended together with diet and exercise. It is taken by mouth. Glimepiride takes up to three hours for maximum effect and ...

(

Glimepiride Glimepiride, is an anti-diabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is less preferred than metformin. Use is recommended together with diet and exercise. It is taken by mouth. Glimepiride takes up to three hours for maximum effect and l ...

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

Apidra Insulin glulisine is a rapid-acting modified form of medical insulin that differs from human insulin in that the amino acid asparagine at position B3 is replaced by lysine and the lysine in position B29 is replaced by glutamic acid. It was d ...

(insulin glulisine), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Diabeta (

Glyburide Glibenclamide, also known as glyburide, is an antidiabetic medication used to treat type 2 diabetes. It is recommended that it be taken together with diet and exercise. It may be used with other antidiabetic medication. It is not recommended f ...

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Glucophage (

Metformin Metformin, sold under the brand name Glucophage, among others, is the main first-line medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people who are overweight. It is also used in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome. ...

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus, marketed by EMD Serono. * Insuman (

Human insulin As a medication, insulin is any pharmaceutical preparation of the protein hormone insulin that is used to treat high blood glucose. Such conditions include type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, and complications of diabetes s ...

), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

Lantus Insulin glargine, sold under the brand name Lantus among others, is a long-acting modified form of medical insulin, used in the management of type I and type II diabetes. It is typically the recommended long acting insulin in the United King ...

(insulin glargine), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Soliqua (insulin glargine/lixisenatide), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

Toujeo Insulin glargine, sold under the brand name Lantus among others, is a long-acting modified form of medical insulin, used in the management of type I and type II diabetes. It is typically the recommended long acting insulin in the United Kingd ...

(insulin glargine), for type 1 and type 2

diabetes mellitus Diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level ( hyperglycemia) over a prolonged period of time. Symptoms often include frequent urination, increased thirst and increased ...

. –

Endocrinology Endocrinology (from '' endocrine'' + '' -ology'') is a branch of biology and medicine dealing with the endocrine system, its diseases, and its specific secretions known as hormones. It is also concerned with the integration of developmental event ...

* Adlyxin (

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Admelog (insulin lispro), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Afrezza ( Inhalable insulin), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

(

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

(insulin glulisine), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Cholestagel (

), for low-calorie diet and exercise. * Diabeta (

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Glucophage (

), for type 2 diabetes mellitus, marketed by EMD Serono. * Hectorol (

Doxercalciferol Doxercalciferol (or 1-hydroxyergocalciferol, trade name Hectorol) is drug for secondary hyperparathyroidism and metabolic bone disease. It is a synthetic analog of ergocalciferol (vitamin D2). It suppresses parathyroid synthesis and secretion. ...

), for parathyroid hormone. * Insuman (

), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

(insulin glargine), for type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. * Skelid (

Tiludronic acid Tiludronic acid ( INN; also known as tiludronate) is a bisphosphonate used for treatment of Paget's disease of bone (osteitis deformans) in human medicine. It has the tradename Skelid. In veterinary medicine, tiludronic acid is used to treat n ...

), for

Paget's disease of bone Paget's disease of bone (commonly known as Paget's disease or, historically, osteitis deformans) is a condition involving cellular remodeling and deformity of one or more bones. The affected bones show signs of dysregulated bone remodeling at the ...

. * Soliqua (insulin glargine/lixisenatide), for type 2 diabetes mellitus. *

(insulin glargine), for type 1 and type 2

. –

Gastroenterology Gastroenterology (from the Greek gastḗr- “belly”, -énteron “intestine”, and -logía "study of") is the branch of medicine focused on the digestive system and its disorders. The digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract ...

* Lanzor (

Lansoprazole Lansoprazole, sold under the brand name Prevacid among others, is a medication which reduces stomach acid. It is used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. Effectiveness is similar to ...

), for acid reflux disease. * Seprafilm (

Adhesion barrier An adhesion barrier is a medical implant that can be used to reduce abnormal internal scarring (adhesions) following surgery by separating the internal tissues and organs while they heal. Surgeons have realized that proper surgical technique is c ...

), for internal adhesions. *

Zaltrap Aflibercept, sold under the brand names Eylea and Zaltrap, is a medication used to treat wet macular degeneration and metastatic colorectal cancer. It was developed by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and is approved in the United States and the Europ ...

(

Aflibercept Aflibercept, sold under the brand names Eylea and Zaltrap, is a medication used to treat wet macular degeneration and metastatic colorectal cancer. It was developed by Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and is approved in the United States and the Europe ...

), recombinant fusion protein, approved in metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with other agents in 2012, marketed by Regeneron. – Hematology *

Alprolix Factor IX (or Christmas factor) () is one of the serine proteases of the coagulation system; it belongs to peptidase family S1. Deficiency of this protein causes haemophilia B. It was discovered in 1952 after a young boy named Stephen Christmas ...

(

Factor IX Factor IX (or Christmas factor) () is one of the serine proteases of the coagulation system; it belongs to peptidase family S1. Deficiency of this protein causes haemophilia B. It was discovered in 1952 after a young boy named Stephen Christmas ...

), for hemophilia B. * Arixtra (

), for thrombosis, marketed by GlaxoSmithKline and now owned by Mylan. *

Cablivi Caplacizumab (INN; trade name Cablivi) is a bivalent single-domain antibody (VHH) designed for the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and thrombosis. This drug was developed by Ablynx NV. On 30 August 2018, it was approved ...

( Caplacizumab), for thrombosis. *

Campath Alemtuzumab, sold under the brand names Campath and Lemtrada among others, is a medication used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple sclerosis. In CLL, it has been used as both a first line and second line treatment. In MS ...

(

Alemtuzumab Alemtuzumab, sold under the brand names Campath and Lemtrada among others, is a medication used to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and multiple sclerosis. In CLL, it has been used as both a first line and second line treatment. In MS it ...

), for multiple sclerosis. *

Clolar Clofarabine is a purine nucleoside antimetabolite marketed in the United States and Canada as Clolar. In Europe and Australia/New Zealand the product is marketed under the name Evoltra. It is FDA-approved for treating relapsed or refractory acute ...

(

Clofarabine Clofarabine is a purine nucleoside antimetabolite marketed in the United States and Canada as Clolar. In Europe and Australia/New Zealand the product is marketed under the name Evoltra. It is FDA-approved for treating relapsed or refractory acute ...

), for leukemia. * Eloctate (

Factor VIII Factor VIII (FVIII) is an essential blood-clotting protein, also known as anti-hemophilic factor (AHF). In humans, factor VIII is encoded by the ''F8'' gene. Defects in this gene result in hemophilia A, a recessive X-linked coagulation disorder ...

), for hemophilia A. * Ferrlecit ( Sodium ferric gluconate complex), for

iron deficiency anemia Iron-deficiency anemia is anemia caused by a lack of iron. Anemia is defined as a decrease in the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. When onset is slow, symptoms are often vague such as feeling tired, weak, s ...

. *

Fludara Fludarabine is a purine analogue and antineoplastic agent. It is generally used as its 5-O-phosphorylated form known as fludarabine phosphate, sold under the brand name Fludara among others. It is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatmen ...

(

Fludarabine Fludarabine is a purine analogue and antineoplastic agent. It is generally used as its 5-O-phosphorylated form known as fludarabine phosphate, sold under the brand name Fludara among others. It is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatmen ...

), for leukemia. * Mozobil (

Plerixafor Plerixafor ( INN and USAN, trade name Mozobil) is an immunostimulant used to mobilize hematopoietic stem cells in cancer patients into the bloodstream. The stem cells are then extracted from the blood and transplanted back to the patient. The dr ...

), for

macrocycle Macrocycles are often described as molecules and ions containing a ring of twelve or more atoms. Classical examples include the crown ethers, calixarenes, porphyrins, and cyclodextrins. Macrocycles describe a large, mature area of chemistry. ...

, approved by the

FDA The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA or US FDA) is a federal agency of the Department of Health and Human Services. The FDA is responsible for protecting and promoting public health through the control and supervision of food ...

for peripheral blood stem cell mobilizer for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma in December 2008. * Oforta (

), for leukemia. * Thymoglobulin, for hemophilia A. *

Zemaira Alpha-1 antitrypsin or α1-antitrypsin (A1AT, α1AT, A1A, or AAT) is a protein belonging to the serpin superfamily. It is encoded in humans by the ''SERPINA1'' gene. A protease inhibitor, it is also known as alpha1–proteinase inhibitor (A1PI) ...

(

Alpha-1 antitrypsin Alpha-1 antitrypsin or α1-antitrypsin (A1AT, α1AT, A1A, or AAT) is a protein belonging to the serpin superfamily. It is encoded in humans by the ''SERPINA1'' gene. A protease inhibitor, it is also known as alpha1–proteinase inhibitor (A1PI ...

), for chronic augmentation, Now owned by

CSL Behring CSL Behring is a biopharmaceutical company, manufacturing plasma-derived, and recombination therapeutic products. Its line of therapies includes products for the treatment of bleeding disorders such as hemophilia and von Willebrand Disease; prim ...

. – Infectious diseases * Antibiotics: * Amoklavin (

Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, also known as co-amoxiclav or amox-clav, sold under the brand name Augmentin, among others, is an antibiotic medication used for the treatment of a number of bacterial infections. It is a combination consisting of a ...

) * Claforan (

Cefotaxime Cefotaxime is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections in human, other animals and plant tissue culture. Specifically in humans it is used to treat joint infections, pelvic inflammatory disease, meningitis, pneumonia, urin ...

) * Priftin (

Rifapentine Rifapentine, sold under the brand name Priftin, is an antibiotic used in the treatment of tuberculosis. In active tuberculosis it is used together with other antituberculosis medications. In latent tuberculosis it is typically used with isoniaz ...

) *

Suprax Cefixime, sold under the brand name Suprax among others, is an antibiotic medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections. These infections include otitis media, strep throat, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and Lyme ...

(

Cefixime Cefixime, sold under the brand name Suprax among others, is an antibiotic medication used to treat a number of bacterial infections. These infections include otitis media, strep throat, pneumonia, urinary tract infections, gonorrhea, and Lyme ...

) * Tavanic (

Levofloxacin Levofloxacin, sold under the brand name Levaquin among others, is an antibiotic medication. It is used to treat a number of bacterial infections including acute bacterial sinusitis, pneumonia, H. pylori (in combination with other medications), ...

) * Vaccines: **Bacterial diseases: * ActHIB (

Hib vaccine The ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type B vaccine, also known as Hib vaccine, is a vaccine used to prevent ''Haemophilus influenzae'' type b (Hib) infection. In countries that include it as a routine vaccine, rates of severe Hib infections have d ...

) *

Adacel Adacel is a global technology company that develops and implements air traffic management systems, as well as air traffic control simulation and training solutions. The company was established in 1987. Its major customers include Federal Av ...

( DPT vaccine) * Daptacel ( DPT vaccine) *

Dengvaxia Dengue vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent dengue fever in humans. Development of dengue vaccines began in the 1920s, but was hindered by the need to create immunity against all four dengue serotypes. As of 2022, there are two commercially a ...

( Dengue vaccine) * Menactra ( Meningococcal infections) * Mycobax (

Tuberculosis vaccine Tuberculosis (TB) vaccines are vaccinations intended for the prevention of tuberculosis. Immunotherapy as a defence against TB was first proposed in 1890 by Robert Koch.Prabowo, S. et al. "Targeting multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) by ...

) *

Pentacel DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine is a 5-in-1 combination vaccine that protects against diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, and ''Haemophilus influenzae type B''. Its generic name is 'diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, ...

(

DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine DTaP-IPV/Hib vaccine is a 5-in-1 combination vaccine that protects against diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, polio, and ''Haemophilus influenzae type B''. Its generic name is 'diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, ...

) * Pneumo 23 ( Pneumococcal infections) *

Quadracel DTaP-IPV vaccine is a combination vaccine whose full generic name is diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed and inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV). It is also known as DTaP/IPV, dTaP/IPV, DTPa-IPV, or DPT vaccine, DPT- ...

(

) * Shanchol (

Cholera vaccine Cholera vaccines are vaccines that are effective at preventing cholera. For the first six months after vaccination they provide about 85percent protection, which decreases to 50percent or 62percent during the first year. After two years the level ...

) * Synercid (

Quinupristin/dalfopristin Quinupristin/dalfopristin, or quinupristin-dalfopristin, (pronunciation: kwi NYOO pris tin / dal FOE pris tin) (trade name Synercid) is a combination of two antibiotics used to treat infections by staphylococci and by vancomycin-resistant '' Ente ...

), marketed by Pfizer. * Tenivac (

Tetanus vaccine Tetanus vaccine, also known as tetanus toxoid (TT), is a toxoid vaccine used to prevent tetanus. During childhood, five doses are recommended, with a sixth given during adolescence. After three doses, almost everyone is initially immune, but a ...

) *

Tripedia The DPT vaccine or DTP vaccine is a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and either kille ...

( DPT vaccine), discontinued in 2012. * Tubersol (

) *

Typhim Vi The Vi capsular polysaccharide vaccine (or ViCPS) is a typhoid vaccine recommended by the World Health Organization for the prevention of typhoid (another is Ty21a). The vaccine was first licensed in the US in 1994 and is made from the purified Vi ...

(

Typhoid fever Typhoid fever, also known as typhoid, is a disease caused by '' Salmonella'' serotype Typhi bacteria. Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over several ...

) * Vaccin Tetanique Pasteur (

) **Viral diseases: * ACAM 2000 (

Smallpox vaccine The smallpox vaccine is the first vaccine to be developed against a contagious disease. In 1796, British physician Edward Jenner demonstrated that an infection with the relatively mild cowpox virus conferred immunity against the deadly smallpox ...

), eradicated in 1980 (vaccine produced as a measure in response to the threat of bioterrorism). * Avaxim (

Hepatitis A vaccine Hepatitis A vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis A.Lay summary
...

) * Flublok ( Influenza vaccine) *

Fluzone Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots, are vaccines that protect against infection by influenza viruses. New versions of the vaccines are developed twice a year, as the influenza virus rapidly changes. While their effectiveness varies fro ...

( Influenza vaccine) * Hbvaxpro (

Hepatitis B vaccine Hepatitis B vaccine is a vaccine that prevents hepatitis B. The first dose is recommended within 24 hours of birth with either two or three more doses given after that. This includes those with poor immune function such as from HIV/AIDS and t ...

) * Imovax Polio (

Polio vaccine Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio). Two types are used: an inactivated poliovirus given by injection (IPV) and a weakened poliovirus given by mouth (OPV). The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends all chi ...

) * Imovax Rabies (

Rabies vaccine The rabies vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent rabies. There are a number of rabies vaccines available that are both safe and effective. They can be used to prevent rabies before, and, for a period of time, after exposure to the rabies virus, ...

) * Ipol (

) * Ixiaro (

Japanese encephalitis Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). While most infections result in little or no symptoms, occasional inflammation of the brain occurs. In these cases, symptoms may include he ...

) * M-M-RVaxPro ( MMR vaccine) * Rouvax (

Measles vaccine Measles vaccine protects against becoming infected with measles. Nearly all of those who do not develop immunity after a single dose develop it after a second dose. When rate of vaccination within a population is greater than 92%, outbreaks o ...

) * Rudivax (

Rubella vaccine Rubella vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent rubella. Effectiveness begins about two weeks after a single dose and around 95% of people become immune. Countries with high rates of immunization no longer see cases of rubella or congenital rubell ...

) * Stamaril (

Yellow fever vaccine Yellow fever vaccine is a vaccine that protects against yellow fever. Yellow fever is a viral infection that occurs in Africa and South America. Most people begin to develop immunity within ten days of vaccination and 99 percent are protected ...

) * Vaxigrip ( Influenza vaccine) * YF-VAX (

) – Metabolic * Actonel (

Risedronic acid Risedronic acid, often used as its sodium salt risedronate sodium, is a bisphosphonate. It slows down the cells which break down bone. It's used to treat or prevent osteoporosis, and treat Paget's disease of bone. It is taken by mouth. It was ...

), for osteoporosis and Paget's disease, now owned by Allergan. *

Renagel Sevelamer (rINN) is a phosphate binding medication used to treat hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. When taken with meals, it binds to dietary phosphate and prevents its absorption. Sevelamer was invented and developed by ...

(

Sevelamer Sevelamer (rINN) is a phosphate binding medication used to treat hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. When taken with meals, it binds to dietary phosphate and prevents its absorption. Sevelamer was invented and developed by ...

) hydrochloride, for

end stage renal disease Kidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys can no longer adequately filter waste products from the blood, functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. Kidney failure is classified as eit ...

. * Renvela (

) hydrochloride, for

. –

Neurology Neurology (from el, νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is the branch of medicine dealing with the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of conditions and disease involving the brain, the spinal ...

Ambien Zolpidem, sold under the brand name Ambien, among others, is a medication primarily used for the short-term treatment of sleeping problems. Guidelines recommend that it be used only after cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and behavioral ...

(

Zolpidem Zolpidem, sold under the brand name Ambien, among others, is a medication primarily used for the short-term treatment of sleeping problems. Guidelines recommend that it be used only after cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and behavior ...

), for

insomnia Insomnia, also known as sleeplessness, is a sleep disorder in which people have trouble sleeping. They may have difficulty falling asleep, or staying asleep as long as desired. Insomnia is typically followed by daytime sleepiness, low energy, ...

. *

Ambien CR Zolpidem, sold under the brand name Ambien, among others, is a medication primarily used for the short-term treatment of sleeping problems. Guidelines recommend that it be used only after cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia and behaviora ...

(

), for

. * Aubagio (

), for multiple sclerosis. *

Depakine Valproate (VPA) and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches. They are useful for the prevention of seizures in those ...

(

Valproic acid Valproate (VPA) and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches. They are useful for the prevention of seizures in those ...

), for

epilepsy Epilepsy is a group of non-communicable neurological disorders characterized by recurrent epileptic seizures. Epileptic seizures can vary from brief and nearly undetectable periods to long periods of vigorous shaking due to abnormal electrica ...

, now owned by AbbVie. *

Depakote Valproate (VPA) and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches. They are useful for the prevention of seizures in those ...

(

Valproate semisodium Valproate (VPA) and its valproic acid, sodium valproate, and valproate semisodium forms are medications primarily used to treat epilepsy and bipolar disorder and prevent migraine headaches. They are useful for the prevention of seizures in thos ...

), for

, now owned by AbbVie. *

Hyalgan Hyaluronic acid (; abbreviated HA; conjugate acid, conjugate base hyaluronate), also called hyaluronan, is an anion#Anions and cations, anionic, Sulfation, nonsulfated glycosaminoglycan distributed widely throughout connective tissue, connective, ...

(

Sodium hyaluronate Sodium hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid, a glycosaminoglycan found in various connective tissue of humans. Chemistry Sodium hyaluronate is the sodium salt of hyaluronic acid. It is a glycosaminoglycan and long-chain polymer o ...

), for blood tests. * Lemtrada (

), for multiple sclerosis. *

Pediapred Prednisone is a glucocorticoid medication mostly used to suppress the immune system and decrease inflammation in conditions such as asthma, COPD, and rheumatologic diseases. It is also used to treat high blood calcium due to cancer and ad ...

(

Prednisolone Prednisolone is a steroid medication used to treat certain types of allergies, inflammatory conditions, autoimmune disorders, and cancers. Some of these conditions include adrenocortical insufficiency, high blood calcium, rheumatoid arthr ...

), for multiple sclerosis. * Rilutek ( Riluzole), for ALS. * Sabril (

Vigabatrin Vigabatrin, brand name Sabril, is a medication used to treat epilepsy. It became available as a generic medication in 2019. It works by inhibiting the breakdown of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). It is also known as γ-vinyl-GABA, and is a stru ...

), for

, marketed by Lundbeck. –

Oncology Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study, treatment, diagnosis and prevention of cancer. A medical professional who practices oncology is an ''oncologist''. The name's etymological origin is the Greek word ὄγκος (''� ...

* Anzemet (

Dolasetron Dolasetron (trade name Anzemet) is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy. Its main effect is to reduce the activity of the vagus nerve, which is a nerve that activates the vomiting center i ...

), for nausea and vomiting. *

(

), for multiple sclerosis. * Caprelsa (

Vandetanib Vandetanib, sold under the brand name Caprelsa, is an anti-cancer medication that is used for the treatment of certain tumours of the thyroid gland. It acts as a kinase inhibitor of a number of cell receptors, mainly the vascular endothelial gr ...

), for breast, colorectal cancer and female infertility. *

(

), for leukemia. *

Clomid Clomifene, also known as clomiphene, is a medication used to treat infertility in women who anovulation, do not ovulate, including those with polycystic ovary syndrome. Use results in a greater chance of twins. It is taken by mouth once a day, w ...

(

Clomifene Clomifene, also known as clomiphene, is a medication used to treat infertility in women who do not ovulate, including those with polycystic ovary syndrome. Use results in a greater chance of twins. It is taken by mouth once a day, with a course ...

), for

female infertility Female infertility refers to infertility in women. It affects an estimated 48 million women, with the highest prevalence of infertility affecting women in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, North Africa/Middle East, and Central/Eastern Europe and Cen ...

. *

(

), for eczema, marketed by Regeneron. * Eligard (

Leuprorelin Leuprorelin, also known as leuprolide, is a manufactured version of a hormone used to treat prostate cancer, breast cancer, endometriosis, uterine fibroids, as part of transgender hormone therapy, for early puberty, or to perform chemical cas ...

), for prostate cancer, marketed by Astellas. *

Elitek Rasburicase (trade names Elitek in the US and Fasturtec in the EU) is a medication that helps to clear uric acid from the blood. It is a recombinant version of urate oxidase, an enzyme that metabolizes uric acid to allantoin. Urate oxidase is kno ...

(

Rasburicase Rasburicase (trade names Elitek in the US and Fasturtec in the EU) is a medication that helps to clear uric acid from the blood. It is a recombinant version of urate oxidase, an enzyme that metabolizes uric acid to allantoin. Urate oxidase is kn ...

), for the treatment to help stop uric acid. *

Eloxatin Oxaliplatin, sold under the brand name Eloxatin among others, is a cancer medication ( platinum-based antineoplastic class) used to treat colorectal cancer. It is given by injection into a vein. Common side effects include numbness, feeling ...

( Oxaliplatin), for colorectal cancer. *

(

), for leukemia. * Gliadel Wafer ( Carmustine), for cancer, now owned by Arbor Pharmaceuticals. *

Jevtana Cabazitaxel, sold under the brand name Jevtana, is a semi-synthetic derivative of a natural taxoid. It is a microtubule inhibitor, and the fourth taxane to be approved as a cancer therapy. Cabazitaxel was developed by Sanofi-Aventis and was ap ...

(

Cabazitaxel Cabazitaxel, sold under the brand name Jevtana, is a semi-synthetic derivative of a natural taxoid. It is a microtubule inhibitor, and the fourth taxane to be approved as a cancer therapy. Cabazitaxel was developed by Sanofi-Aventis and was ap ...

), for prostate cancer. * Kevzara (

Sarilumab Sarilumab, sold under the brand name Kevzara, is a human monoclonal antibody medication against the interleukin-6 receptor. Regeneron Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi developed the drug for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), for which it rece ...

), for blood tests, lung and prostate cancer, marketed by Regeneron. *

Libtayo Cemiplimab, sold under the brand name Libtayo, is a monoclonal antibody medication for the treatment of squamous cell skin cancer. Cemiplimab belongs to a class of drugs that binds to the programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1), blocking the PD-1/PD- ...

( Cemiplimab), for squamous cell skin cancer, marketed by Regeneron. * Mozobil (

, approved by the

for peripheral blood stem cell mobilizer for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and multiple myeloma in December 2008. * Oforta (

), for leukemia. *

Taxotere Docetaxel (DTX or DXL), sold under the brand name Taxotere among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer and non-small-ce ...

(

Docetaxel Docetaxel (DTX or DXL), sold under the brand name Taxotere among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer. This includes breast cancer, head and neck cancer, stomach cancer, prostate cancer and non-small-cell ...

), for

breast The breast is one of two prominences located on the upper ventral region of a primate's torso. Both females and males develop breasts from the same embryological tissues. In females, it serves as the mammary gland, which produces and sec ...

, lung and prostate cancer. *

Uroxatral Alfuzosin, sold under the brand names Alfosoft and Uroxatral, among others, is a medication of the α1 blocker class. It is used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). As an antagonist of the α1 adrenergic receptor, it works by relax ...

( Alfuzosin), for

benign prostatic hyperplasia Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), also called prostate enlargement, is a noncancerous increase in size of the prostate gland. Symptoms may include frequent urination, trouble starting to urinate, weak stream, inability to urinate, or loss o ...

. *

(

), recombinant fusion protein, approved in metastatic colorectal cancer in combination with other agents in 2012, marketed by Regeneron. – Other *

Aldurazyme Iduronidase (, ''L-iduronidase'', ''alpha-L-iduronidase'', ''laronidase''), sold as Aldurazyme, is an enzyme with the systematic name ''glycosaminoglycan alpha-L-iduronohydrolase''. This enzyme catalyses the hydrolysis of unsulfated alpha-L-idu ...

( Laronidase), for hurler syndrome. *

Aplenzin Bupropion, sold under the brand names Wellbutrin and Zyban among others, is an atypical antidepressant primarily used to treat major depressive disorder and to support smoking cessation. It is also popular as an adjunct therapy, add-on medica ...

( Bupropion), for depression and quit smoking. * Captique (

Dermal filler Injectable filler (injectable cosmetic filler, injectable facial filler) is a soft tissue filler injected into the skin at different depths to help fill in facial wrinkles, provide facial volume, and augment facial features: restoring a smoother ap ...

), for facial wrinkles. * Carticel (

Knee cartilage replacement therapy Articular cartilage, most notably that which is found in the knee joint, is generally characterized by very low friction, high wear resistance, and poor regenerative qualities. It is responsible for much of the compressive resistance and load beari ...

), for knee pain. * Cerdelga (

Eliglustat Eliglustat, sold under the brand name Cerdelga, is a medication used for the treatment of Gaucher's disease. It was discovered at the University of Michigan, developed by Genzyme, Genzyme Corp, and was approved by the FDA in August 2014. Commonly ...

), for type 1 gaucher disease. *

Ceredase Alglucerase was a biopharmaceutical drug for the treatment of Gaucher's disease. It was a modified form of human β- glucocerebrosidase enzyme, where the non-reducing ends of the oligosaccharide chains have been terminated with mannose residues ...

(

Alglucerase Alglucerase was a biopharmaceutical drug for the treatment of Gaucher's disease. It was a modified form of human β- glucocerebrosidase enzyme, where the non-reducing ends of the oligosaccharide chains have been terminated with mannose residues ...

), for

Gaucher's disease Gaucher's disease or Gaucher disease () (GD) is a genetic disorder in which glucocerebroside (a sphingolipid, also known as glucosylceramide) accumulates in cells and certain organs. The disorder is characterized by bruising, fatigue, anemia, low ...

. * Cerezyme (

Imiglucerase Imiglucerase is a medication used in the treatment of Gaucher's disease. It is a recombinant DNA-produced analogue of the human enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase. Cerezyme is a freeze-dried medicine containing imiglucerase, manufactured by Genzyme C ...

), for

. *

Elaprase Idursulfase (brand name Elaprase), manufactured by Takeda, is a drug used to treat Hunter syndrome (also called MPS-II). It is a purified form of the lysosomal enzyme iduronate-2-sulfatase and is produced by recombinant DNA technology Molecu ...

( Idursulfase), marketed by Shire. * Epicel (cultured epidermal autografts), for thickness burns. * Fabrazyme (

Agalsidase α-Galactosidase ( EC 3.2.1.22, α-GAL, α-GAL A; systematic name α-D-galactoside galactohydrolase) is a glycoside hydrolase enzyme that catalyses the following reaction: : Hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing α-D-galactose residues in α-D- ...

), for Fabry disease. * Flagyl (

Metronidazole Metronidazole, sold under the brand name Flagyl among others, is an antibiotic and antiprotozoal medication. It is used either alone or with other antibiotics to treat pelvic inflammatory disease, endocarditis, and bacterial vaginosis. It i ...

), for vaginal infections, marketed by Pfizer. * Hylaform Plus (

Injectable filler Injectable filler (injectable cosmetic filler, injectable facial filler) is a soft tissue filler injected into the skin at different depths to help fill in facial wrinkles, provide facial volume, and augment facial features: restoring a smoother ap ...

), for facial wrinkles. * Lumizyme (

Alglucosidase alfa Alglucosidase alfa, sold under the brand name Myozyme among others, is an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) orphan drug for treatment of Pompe disease (Glycogen storage disease type II), a rare lysosomal storage disorder (LSD). Chemically spea ...

), for Pompe disease. * Myozyme (

), for Pompe disease. * Sculptra ( Polylactic acid), for facial fat loss. * Thyrogen (

Thyroid-stimulating hormone Thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin, thyrotropic hormone, or abbreviated TSH) is a pituitary hormone that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroxine (T4), and then triiodothyronine (T3) which stimulates the metabolism ...

), for thyroid cancer. – Over the counter * Allegra (Fexofenadine), for allergic rhinitis. * Buscopan (Hyoscine butylbromide), for abdominal pain. * Maalox (Calcium carbonate#Health and dietary applications, Calcium carbonate), an antacid. * Nasacort (Triamcinolone), for allergic rhinitis. * Novaldol (Paracetamol), for pain and fever. * Unisom (Doxylamine), for night-time allergy and cold relief. * Xyzal (Levocetirizine), for allergic rhinitis, marketed by UCB. * Telfast for Seasonal Allergy Relief * Enterogermina Medicine for Diarrhea – Pain * Bi-profined (Ketoprofen), for pain. * Solpadol (Codeine), for chronic pain. – Respiratory and inflammatory diseases * Atrovent (Ipratropium bromide), for asthma, marketed by Boehringer Ingelheim. * Azmacort (Triamcinolone), for asthma. * Dynabac ( Dirithromycin), for acute bacterial exacerbations. * Ketek (Telithromycin), for community acquired pneumonia. * Priftin (

), for tuberculosis. * Rifadin (Rifampin), for tuberculosis. * Rifamate (Isoniazid/rifampicin), for tuberculosis. * Rifater (Rifampicin/isoniazid/pyrazinamide), for tuberculosis. * Tilade (Nedocromil), for asthma. * Zagam (Sparfloxacin), for chronic bronchitis. *

(

), for chronic augmentation, now owned by CSL Behring. * Mucosolvan Medicine for Cough – Rheumatology * Arava (Leflunomide), for rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis. * Kevzara (

), for blood tests, lung and prostate cancer, marketed by Regeneron. * Primaquine (Primaquine), for malaria. * Synvisc (Hyaluronic acid), for knee pain. – Urology * Ditropan XL (Oxybutynin chloride), for bladder relief, marketed by Janssen. * Eligard (

), for prostate cancer, marketed by Astellas. * Flomax (Tamsulosin), for bladder relief, marketed by Astellas. The company also produces a broad range of over-the-counter products, among them Fexofenadine, Allegra, IcyHot for muscle pain, Gold Bond medicated powder, Gold Bond for skin irritation, and Selsun Blue dandruff shampoo. These brands were acquired in 2010, when Sanofi-Aventis purchased Chattem.

Pipeline

, Sanofi was in a race with Amgen and Pfizer to win approval for a PCSK9 inhibitor, drug that inhibits PCSK9, a protein that slows the clearance of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol – the form of cholesterol that leads to heart attacks. Sanofi's drug was discovered by

and is called alirocumab. An FDA warning in March 2014, about possible cognitive adverse effects of PCSK9 inhibition threw the competition into disarray, as the FDA asked companies to include neurocognitive testing into their Phase III clinical trials. In 2013, Sanofi announced that another candidate from its collaboration with Regeneron, the monoclonal antibody against the interleukin 6 receptor, sarilumab, had better efficacy than placebo in its first Phase III trial for rheumatoid arthritis.

Management

* Serge Weinberg, chairman of the board, chairman * Paul Hudson (businessman), Paul Hudson, CEO, chief executive officer * Jean-François Dehecq was the general manager of Sanofi from its creation in 1973 until 2007. * Jean-Baptiste Chasseloup de Chatillon, Chief financial officer, CFO

Stockholders

As of 31 December 2013: * Breakdown of share ownership: 8.93% by

, 0.27% treasury shares and 1.31% stock option, employees. The remaining 89.49% were publicly traded.

Head office

In January 2012, Sanofi moved its head office location to 54, Rue La Boétie in the 8th arrondissement of Paris. This former mansion designed by architect René-Patouillard had previously been the head office of Alcatel-Lucent. Sanofi's previous head office was located in the 13th arrondissement of Paris, 174 Avenue de France. The architecture of the head office is of the predominant style of the area surrounding the François Mitterrand Library. After Sanofi and Aventis merged, the employees at the former Aventis head office in

, Alsace, moved to Paris. In November 2022, Sanofi moved into its new global headquarters in the 17th arrondissement of Paris, at 46-48 Avenue de la Grande Armée.

Collaborative research

In addition to internal research and development activities Sanofi is also involved in publicly funded collaborative research projects, with other industrial and academic partners. One example in the area of Pre-clinical development, non-clinical safety assessment is the Innovative Medicines Initiative, InnoMed PredTox project The company is expanding its activities in joint research projects within the framework of the Innovative Medicines Initiative of EFPIA and the European Commission. In June 2010, Sanofi and the Charité, Charité University of Berlin signed a cooperation agreement for the research and development of medicines and therapies. On 25 October 2012, Sanofi said its earnings for the third quarter slumped as generic competitors ate into profits of its

cancer treatment.

Sanofi Pasteur

In 2005,

, vaccines division of Sanofi Group, was awarded a $97 Million United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) contract.

BCG supply shortage 2012-

In 2011, a Sanofi Pasteur plant flooded, causing it problems with mold. The facility, located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, produced BCG vaccine products, made with the Glaxo 1077 strain, such as a tuberculosis vaccine ImmuCYST, a BCG Immunotherapeutic -a bladder cancer drug. By April 2012, the FDA had found dozens of documented problems with sterility at the plant including mold, nesting birds and rusted electrical conduits. The resulting closure of the plant for over two years resulting in shortages of bladder cancer and tuberculosis vaccines. The Toronto Sanofi plant On 29 October 2014 Health Canada gave the permission for Sanofi to resume production of BCG.

COVID-19 vaccine

Sanofi together with GSK signed a deal with US government's Operation Warp Speed to provide 100 million doses COVID-19 vaccine for up to US$2.1 billion, if the vaccine is approved. As of August 2020, COVID-19 vaccine development in Sanofi underscores its fundamental competitiveness weakness, that management has been struggling and failed to deal with for past many years beyond cutting more cost. Unfortunately, even though Sanofi-GSK approach is based on pre-existing, approved platform and technology (as with Flublok flu) without reinventing the wheel of the necessary infrastructure, the company lagged behind many other rivals in delivering a working vaccine. Sanofi planned to start Phase 1 clinical testing only in September and expected emergency use approval in the first half of 2021. Competitors such as Novavax had already completed Phase 1 with promising results and Moderna-NIH had already initiated its Phase 3 trial. According to CNBC reports, as part of the 2.1 billion US government deal, more than 750 million goes to supporting Sanofi-GSK in vaccine development and clinical trials. Sanofi turns out "accelerate" the development via smaller biotech firm Translate Bio, with a 425 million partnership. At the end of September 2021, Sanofi announced it would stop developing its mRNA COVID-19 vaccine. Despite promising results the drug would not continue to Phase 3 trials, with the company stating that it would be 'too late to reach the market.'

Associations

Sanofi is a full member of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA), Biotechnology Industry Organization (BIO), and Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA). Sanofi's vaccine subsidiary,

, is a member of EuropaBio. In June 2021, Sanofi partners with Capgemini, Orange S.A., Orange & Generali Italia, Generali to launch Future4care, an all-European start-up accelerator centered on digital health.

Aventis Foundation

The Aventis Foundation, a Germany, German charitable trust, was established in 1996, as the Hoechst Foundation with an Financial endowment, endowment of €50 million. In 2000, the foundation was renamed the Aventis Foundation. The foundation promotes cultural and scientific projects, specifically focused on the Frankfurt Rhine-Main area.

Notes

References

External links

* {{Authority control, state=expanded Sanofi, Biotechnology companies of France CAC 40 Companies in the Euro Stoxx 50 Companies listed on Euronext Paris French brands French companies established in 1973 Healthcare companies of France Health care companies established in 1973 Multinational companies headquartered in France Orphan drug companies Pharmaceutical companies established in 1973 Pharmaceutical companies of France

History

Sanofi-Synthélabo

Aventis

Sanofi-Aventis merger

Post-merger activities

Name change, acquisitions and investments

Company financials

Acquisition history

Products

Pipeline

Management

Stockholders

Head office

Collaborative research

Sanofi Pasteur

BCG supply shortage 2012-

COVID-19 vaccine

Associations

Aventis Foundation

See also

Notes

References

External links