The Army National Guard (ARNG), in conjunction with the
Air National Guard
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force, as well as the air militia of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the ter ...
, is an organized
militia force and a
federal military reserve force of the
United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...
. They are simultaneously part of two different organizations: the Army National Guard of each state, most territories, and the District of Columbia (also referred to as the ''Militia of the United States''), and the Army National Guard of the United States (as part of the federalized
National Guard
National Guard is the name used by a wide variety of current and historical uniformed organizations in different countries. The original National Guard was formed during the French Revolution around a cadre of defectors from the French Guards.
Nat ...
). The Army National Guard is divided into subordinate units stationed in each U.S. state and territory, as well as the District of Columbia, operating under their respective governors and governor-equivalents.
[Military Reserves Federal Call Up Authority](_blank)
/ref>
The foundation for what became the Army National Guard occurred in the city of Salem, , in 1636, the first time that a regiment of militia drilled for the common defense of a multi-community area.
Activation
The Army National Guard as currently authorized and organized operates under Title 10 of the United States Code
Title 10 of the United States Code outlines the role of armed forces in the United States Code.
It provides the legal basis for the roles, missions and organization of each of the services as well as the United States Department of Defense. Ea ...
when under federal control, and Title 32 of the United States Code
Title 32 of the United States Code outlines the role of the United States National Guard in the United States Code. It is one of two ways the National Guard can be activated by the US Federal Government. Under Title 32, National Guard remains u ...
and applicable state laws when under state control. The Army National Guard may be called up for active duty by the state or territorial governors to help respond to domestic emergencies and disasters, such as those caused by hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes, as well as civil disorder
Civil disorder, also known as civil disturbance, civil unrest, or social unrest is a situation arising from a mass act of civil disobedience (such as a demonstration, riot, strike, or unlawful assembly) in which law enforcement has difficulty ...
. The District of Columbia Army National Guard
The District of Columbia Army National Guard is the Army component of the District of Columbia National Guard. As the District of Columbia is a federal district and not a state, the guard is placed under the authority of the President of the Unite ...
is a federal militia, controlled by the President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United Stat ...
with authority delegated to the Secretary of Defense, and through him to the Secretary of the Army.
Members or units of the Army National Guard may be ordered, temporarily or indefinitely, into the service of the United States.[10 USC 12211. Officers: Army National Guard of the United States](_blank)
/ref>[10 USC 12107. Army National Guard of United States; Air National Guard of the United States: enlistment in](_blank)
/ref> If mobilized for federal service, the member or unit becomes part of the Army National Guard of the United States, which is a reserve component
The reserve components of the United States Armed Forces are military organizations whose members generally perform a minimum of 39 days of military duty per year and who augment the active duty (or full-time) military when necessary. The reserv ...
of the United States Army
The United States Army (USA) is the land service branch of the United States Armed Forces. It is one of the eight U.S. uniformed services, and is designated as the Army of the United States in the U.S. Constitution.Article II, section 2, cla ...
.[32 USC 101. Definitions (NATIONAL GUARD)](_blank)
/ref> Individuals volunteering for active federal service may do so subject to the consent of their governors. Governors generally cannot veto involuntary activations of individuals or units for federal service, either for training or national emergency. (See ''Perpich v. Department of Defense
''Perpich v. Department of Defense'', 496 U.S. 334 (1990), was a case decided by the United States Supreme Court concerning the Militia Clauses of Article I, Section 8, of the United States Constitution, in which the court held that Congress may ...
''.)
The President
President most commonly refers to:
*President (corporate title)
*President (education), a leader of a college or university
*President (government title)
President may also refer to:
Automobiles
* Nissan President, a 1966–2010 Japanese ful ...
may also call up members and units of the Army National Guard, in its status as the militia of the several states, to repel invasion, suppress rebellion, or enforce federal laws. The Army National Guard of the United States is one of two organizations administered by the National Guard Bureau
The National Guard Bureau is the federal instrument responsible for the administration of the National Guard established by the United States Congress as a joint bureau of the Department of the Army and the Department of the Air Force. It was cre ...
, the other being the Air National Guard
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force, as well as the air militia of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the ter ...
of the United States. The Director of the Army National Guard is the head of the organization, and reports to the Chief of the National Guard Bureau. Because the Army National Guard is both the militia of the several states and a federal reserve component of the Army, neither the Chief of the National Guard Bureau nor the Director of the Army National Guard "commands" it. This operational command authority is performed in each state or territory by the State Adjutant General, and in the District of Columbia by the Commanding General of the District of Columbia National Guard
The District of Columbia National Guard is the branch of the United States National Guard based in the District of Columbia. It comprises both the District of Columbia Army National Guard, D.C. Army National Guard and the District of Columbia A ...
when a unit is in its militia status. While under federal activation, the operational command authority is transferred to the commanders of the unified combatant command
A unified combatant command (CCMD), also referred to as a combatant command, is a joint military command of the United States Department of Defense that is composed of units from two or more service branches of the United States Armed Forces, an ...
s, who command all U.S. forces within their area of responsibility. The Chief of the National Guard Bureau and the Director of the Army National Guard serve as the channel of communications between the Department of the Army and the Army National Guard in each state and territory, and administer federal programs, policies, and resources for the National Guard.
The Army National Guard's portion of the president's proposed federal budget for Fiscal Year 2018 is approximately $16.2 billion to support an end strength of 343,000, including appropriations for personnel pay and allowance, facilities maintenance, construction, equipment maintenance and other activities.
History
Prominent members
U.S. presidents
Of the 45 individuals to serve as President of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president directs the executive branch of the federal government and is the commander-in-chief of the United Stat ...
, 33 had military experience. Of those 33, 21 served in the militia or Army National Guard.
* George Washington
George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American military officer, statesman, and Founding Father who served as the first president of the United States from 1789 to 1797. Appointed by the Continental Congress as commander of th ...
, commissioned a Major
Major (commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators ...
in the Virginia Militia in 1753. He attained the rank of colonel
Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations.
In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of ...
before resigning his commission at the end of the French and Indian War
The French and Indian War (1754–1763) was a theater of the Seven Years' War, which pitted the North American colonies of the British Empire against those of the French, each side being supported by various Native American tribes. At the ...
.
* Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson (April 13, 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American statesman, diplomat, lawyer, architect, philosopher, and Founding Fathers of the United States, Founding Father who served as the third president of the United States from 18 ...
, colonel
Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations.
In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of ...
and commander of the Albemarle County
Albemarle County is a county located in the Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Its county seat is Charlottesville, which is an independent city and enclave entirely surrounded by the county. Albemarle County is part of the Char ...
Militia at the start of the American Revolution
The American Revolution was an ideological and political revolution that occurred in British America between 1765 and 1791. The Americans in the Thirteen Colonies formed independent states that defeated the British in the American Revolut ...
* James Madison
James Madison Jr. (March 16, 1751June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, diplomat, and Founding Father. He served as the fourth president of the United States from 1809 to 1817. Madison is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for hi ...
, colonel
Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations.
In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of ...
in the Orange County
Orange County most commonly refers to:
*Orange County, California, part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area
Orange County may also refer to:
U.S. counties
*Orange County, Florida, containing Orlando
*Orange County, Indiana
*Orange County, New ...
Militia at the start of the American Revolution
The American Revolution was an ideological and political revolution that occurred in British America between 1765 and 1791. The Americans in the Thirteen Colonies formed independent states that defeated the British in the American Revolut ...
and aide to his father, James Madison, Sr.
Colonel James Madison Sr. (March 27, 1723 – February 27, 1801) was a prominent Virginia planter and politician who served as a colonel in the militia during the American Revolutionary War. He inherited Mount Pleasant, later known as Montpeli ...
, who was the commander.
* James Monroe
James Monroe ( ; April 28, 1758July 4, 1831) was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat, and Founding Father who served as the fifth president of the United States from 1817 to 1825. A member of the Democratic-Republican Party, Monroe was ...
, served in the militia while attending the College of William and Mary
The College of William & Mary (officially The College of William and Mary in Virginia, abbreviated as William & Mary, W&M) is a public research university in Williamsburg, Virginia. Founded in 1693 by letters patent issued by King William III a ...
. After being wounded at the Battle of Trenton
The Battle of Trenton was a small but pivotal American Revolutionary War battle on the morning of December 26, 1776, in Trenton, New Jersey. After General George Washington
George Washington (February 22, 1732, 1799) was an American m ...
while serving in the Continental Army
The Continental Army was the army of the United Colonies (the Thirteen Colonies) in the Revolutionary-era United States. It was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War, and was establis ...
, he returned to Virginia
Virginia, officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth ar ...
to recruit and lead a regiment as a militia lieutenant colonel
Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colone ...
, but the regiment was never raised. In 1780 the British invaded Richmond, Virginia
(Thus do we reach the stars)
, image_map =
, mapsize = 250 px
, map_caption = Location within Virginia
, pushpin_map = Virginia#USA
, pushpin_label = Richmond
, pushpin_m ...
, and Jefferson commissioned Monroe as a colonel to command the militia raised in response and act as liaison to the Continental Army in North Carolina
North Carolina () is a state in the Southeastern region of the United States. The state is the 28th largest and 9th-most populous of the United States. It is bordered by Virginia to the north, the Atlantic Ocean to the east, Georgia and So ...
.
* Andrew Jackson
Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was an American lawyer, planter, general, and statesman who served as the seventh president of the United States from 1829 to 1837. Before being elected to the presidency, he gained fame as ...
, commander of the Tennessee Militia as a major general
Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...
prior to the War of 1812
The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It bega ...
.
* William Henry Harrison
William Henry Harrison (February 9, 1773April 4, 1841) was an American military officer and politician who served as the ninth president of the United States. Harrison died just 31 days after his inauguration in 1841, and had the shortest pres ...
, commander of Indiana Territory
The Indiana Territory, officially the Territory of Indiana, was created by a United States Congress, congressional act that President of the United States, President John Adams signed into law on May 7, 1800, to form an Historic regions of the U ...
's militia and Major General
Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...
of the Kentucky Militia at the start of the War of 1812
The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It bega ...
.
* John Tyler
John Tyler (March 29, 1790 – January 18, 1862) was the tenth president of the United States
The president of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America. The president dire ...
, commanded a company called the Charles City Rifles, part of Virginia's 52nd Regiment, in the War of 1812
The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It bega ...
.
* James Polk
James is a common English language surname and given name:
*James (name), the typically masculine first name James
* James (surname), various people with the last name James
James or James City may also refer to:
People
* King James (disambiguat ...
, joined the Tennessee Militia as a captain in a cavalry regiment in 1821. He was subsequently appointed a colonel on the staff of Governor
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
William Carroll.
* Millard Fillmore
Millard Fillmore (January 7, 1800March 8, 1874) was the 13th president of the United States, serving from 1850 to 1853; he was the last to be a member of the Whig Party while in the White House. A former member of the U.S. House of Represen ...
, served as inspector of New York's 47th Brigade with the rank of major. Commanded the Union Continentals, a militia unit raised to perform local service in Buffalo, New York
Buffalo is the second-largest city in the U.S. state of New York (behind only New York City) and the seat of Erie County. It is at the eastern end of Lake Erie, at the head of the Niagara River, and is across the Canadian border from South ...
, during the American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...
.
* Franklin Pierce
Franklin Pierce (November 23, 1804October 8, 1869) was the 14th president of the United States, serving from 1853 to 1857. He was a northern Democrat who believed that the abolitionist movement was a fundamental threat to the nation's unity ...
, appointed aide de camp to Governor
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
Samuel Dinsmoor in 1831. He remained in the militia until 1847 and attained the rank of colonel before becoming a brigadier general in the Army during the Mexican–American War
The Mexican–American War, also known in the United States as the Mexican War and in Mexico as the (''United States intervention in Mexico''), was an armed conflict between the United States and Mexico from 1846 to 1848. It followed the 1 ...
.
* James Buchanan
James Buchanan Jr. ( ; April 23, 1791June 1, 1868) was an American lawyer, diplomat and politician who served as the 15th president of the United States from 1857 to 1861. He previously served as secretary of state from 1845 to 1849 and repr ...
, a member of the Pennsylvania
Pennsylvania (; ( Pennsylvania Dutch: )), officially the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is a state spanning the Mid-Atlantic, Northeastern, Appalachian, and Great Lakes regions of the United States. It borders Delaware to its southeast, ...
Militia. His dragoon unit took part in the defense of Baltimore, Maryland
Baltimore ( , locally: or ) is the List of municipalities in Maryland, most populous city in the U.S. state of Maryland, fourth most populous city in the Mid-Atlantic (United States), Mid-Atlantic, and List of United States cities by popula ...
, during the War of 1812
The War of 1812 (18 June 1812 – 17 February 1815) was fought by the United States of America and its indigenous allies against the United Kingdom and its allies in British North America, with limited participation by Spain in Florida. It bega ...
.
* Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln ( ; February 12, 1809 – April 15, 1865) was an American lawyer, politician, and statesman who served as the 16th president of the United States from 1861 until his assassination in 1865. Lincoln led the nation thro ...
, served in the Illinois Militia
In the United States, state defense forces are military units that operate under the sole authority of a state government. State defense forces are authorized by state and federal law and are under the command of the governor of each state.
...
during the Black Hawk War
The Black Hawk War was a conflict between the United States and Native Americans led by Black Hawk, a Sauk leader. The war erupted after Black Hawk and a group of Sauks, Meskwakis (Fox), and Kickapoos, known as the "British Band", crosse ...
. He commanded a company in the 4th Illinois Regiment with the rank of captain from April to May 1832. He was a private in Captain Alexander White's Company from May to June 1832. He served as a private in Captain Jacob Earley's company from June to July 1832.
* Andrew Johnson
Andrew Johnson (December 29, 1808July 31, 1875) was the 17th president of the United States, serving from 1865 to 1869. He assumed the presidency as he was vice president at the time of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. Johnson was a Dem ...
, served in the Tennessee Militia in the 1830s, and attained the rank of colonel. During the American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States. It was fought between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), the latter formed by states th ...
he remained loyal to the Union and was appointed Military Governor of Tennessee with the rank of brigadier general.
* Ulysses S. Grant
Ulysses S. Grant (born Hiram Ulysses Grant ; April 27, 1822July 23, 1885) was an American military officer and politician who served as the 18th president of the United States from 1869 to 1877. As Commanding General, he led the Union Ar ...
, having left the Army as a captain, at the start of the Civil War he served in the Illinois Militia as aide de camp and mustering officer for Governor
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
Richard Yates. He held these positions until being appointed commander of the 21st Illinois Infantry, which set him on the path to becoming a general and commander of all Union armies.
* Rutherford B. Hayes
Rutherford Birchard Hayes (; October 4, 1822 – January 17, 1893) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 19th president of the United States from 1877 to 1881, after serving in the U.S. House of Representatives and as governor ...
, joined a militia company in 1846 intending to fight in the Mexican–American War, but resigned because of ill health. Enlisted as a private in a Cincinnati
Cincinnati ( ) is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Hamilton County. Settled in 1788, the city is located at the northern side of the confluence of the Licking and Ohio rivers, the latter of which marks the state line wit ...
militia company at the start of the Civil War in 1861, and was elected commander with the rank of captain. He was subsequently appointed a major in the 23rd Ohio Infantry, and ended the war as a brigade commander and brevet
Brevet may refer to:
Military
* Brevet (military), higher rank that rewards merit or gallantry, but without higher pay
* Brevet d'état-major, a military distinction in France and Belgium awarded to officers passing military staff college
* Aircre ...
Major General.
* James A. Garfield
James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831 – September 19, 1881) was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 4, 1881 until his death six months latertwo months after he was shot by an assassin. A lawyer and Civil War gene ...
, commissioned a lieutenant colonel in the Ohio Militia in 1861, he took part in recruiting and training the 42nd Ohio Infantry Regiment, which he commanded as a colonel. He later served as Chief of Staff for the Army of the Cumberland
The Army of the Cumberland was one of the principal Union armies in the Western Theater during the American Civil War. It was originally known as the Army of the Ohio.
History
The origin of the Army of the Cumberland dates back to the creation ...
and received promotion to Major General.
* Chester A. Arthur
Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 21st president of the United States from 1881 to 1885. He previously served as the 20th vice president under President James ...
, became a member of the New York Militia
The New York Guard (NYG) is the State Defense Force, state defense force of New York State, also called The New York State Military Reserve. Originally called the New York State Militia it can trace its lineage back to the American Revolution and ...
soon after becoming a lawyer. During the Civil War he served on the staff of Governor
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
Edwin D. Morgan
Edwin Denison Morgan (February 8, 1811February 14, 1883) was the 21st governor of New York from 1859 to 1862 and served in the United States Senate from 1863 to 1869. He was the first and longest-serving chairman of the Republican National Comm ...
as Quartermaster General with the rank of brigadier general. He later served as Morgan's inspector general, responsible for visiting New York's front line units, assessing conditions and recommending improvements.
* Benjamin Harrison
Benjamin Harrison (August 20, 1833March 13, 1901) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 23rd president of the United States from 1889 to 1893. He was a member of the Harrison family of Virginia–a grandson of the ninth pr ...
, commissioned in the Indiana Militia by Governor
A governor is an administrative leader and head of a polity or political region, ranking under the head of state and in some cases, such as governors-general, as the head of state's official representative. Depending on the type of political ...
Oliver P. Morton
Oliver Hazard Perry Throck Morton (August 4, 1823 – November 1, 1877), commonly known as Oliver P. Morton, was a U.S. Republican Party politician from Indiana. He served as the 14th governor (the first native-born) of Indiana during the Amer ...
to recruit a regiment during the Civil War, he was subsequently appointed a second lieutenant and captain in and then colonel and commander of the 70th Indiana Infantry Regiment
The 70th Regiment Indiana Infantry was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.
Service
The 70th Indiana Infantry was organized at Indianapolis, Indiana July 22 through August 8, 1862, and mustered in for ...
. He received the brevet of brigadier general as a commendation of his service, and later commanded a brigade. He also enrolled in the militia again during labor unrest in Indianapolis
Indianapolis (), colloquially known as Indy, is the state capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Indiana and the seat of Marion County. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the consolidated population of Indianapolis and Marion ...
in 1877.
* William McKinley
William McKinley (January 29, 1843September 14, 1901) was the 25th president of the United States, serving from 1897 until his assassination in 1901. As a politician he led a realignment that made his Republican Party largely dominant in ...
, joined a volunteer militia company called the Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. It is divided into 16 administrative provinces called voivodeships, covering an area of . Poland has a population of over 38 million and is the fifth-most populous ...
Guards at the start of the Civil War. The company was subsequently mustered in as part of the 23rd Ohio Infantry, the same regiment in which President Hayes served. McKinley ended the war as a major and chief of staff for division commander Samuel S. Carroll
Samuel Sprigg "Red" Carroll (September 21, 1832 – January 28, 1893) was a career officer in the United States Army who rose to the rank of brigadier general of the Union during the American Civil War. The Maryland native was most known for h ...
.
* Theodore Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. ( ; October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919), often referred to as Teddy or by his initials, T. R., was an American politician, statesman, soldier, conservationist, naturalist, historian, and writer who served as the 26t ...
, commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 8th New York Infantry Regiment in 1884, he served until 1888 and attained the rank of captain. During the Spanish–American War
, partof = the Philippine Revolution, the decolonization of the Americas, and the Cuban War of Independence
, image = Collage infobox for Spanish-American War.jpg
, image_size = 300px
, caption = (clock ...
he was commissioned lieutenant colonel of the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry
The Rough Riders was a nickname given to the 1st United States Volunteer Cavalry, one of three such regiments raised in 1898 for the Spanish–American War and the only one to see combat. The United States Army was small, understaffed, and diso ...
, which he later commanded as a colonel. In 2001 a review of his war record led to a posthumous award of the Medal of Honor
The Medal of Honor (MOH) is the United States Armed Forces' highest military decoration and is awarded to recognize American soldiers, sailors, marines, airmen, guardians and coast guardsmen who have distinguished themselves by acts of valor. ...
.
* Harry S. Truman
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884December 26, 1972) was the 33rd president of the United States, serving from 1945 to 1953. A leader of the Democratic Party, he previously served as the 34th vice president from January to April 1945 under Franklin ...
, served in the Missouri Army National Guard
The Missouri National Guard (MONG), commonly known as the Missouri Guard, is a component of the Army National Guard and Missouri State Department of the National Guard. It is composed of Army and Air National Guard units. The Department office i ...
from 1905 to 1911, rising to the rank of corporal
Corporal is a military rank in use in some form by many militaries and by some police forces or other uniformed organizations. The word is derived from the medieval Italian phrase ("head of a body"). The rank is usually the lowest ranking non ...
. During World War I he rejoined and was commissioned a first lieutenant in the 2nd Missouri Field Artillery. This regiment was federalized as the 129th Field Artillery, and Truman commanded Battery D as a captain. He continued to serve in the Army Reserve
A military reserve force is a military organization whose members have military and civilian occupations. They are not normally kept under arms, and their main role is to be available when their military requires additional manpower. Reserve ...
, retiring as a colonel in 1953.
(Note: President George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 43rd president of the United States from 2001 to 2009. A member of the Republican Party, Bush family, and son of the 41st president George H. W. Bush, he ...
served in the National Guard in the late 1960s and early 1970s, and he was the first Air National Guard
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force, as well as the air militia of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the ter ...
member to attain the presidency.)
Units and formations
Deployable Army units are organized as table of organization and equipment (TOE) organizations or modified table of organization and equipment (MTOE) organizations. Non-deployable units, such as a state's joint force headquarters or regional training institutes are administered as table of distribution and allowance (TDA) units.
Commands
*
46th Military Police Command ( MI ARNG)
*
135th Sustainment Command (Expeditionary) ( AL ARNG)
*
167th Sustainment Command (Theater) ( AL ARNG)
* 184th Sustainment Command (Expeditionary) ( MS ARNG)
*
263rd Army Air and Missile Defense Command ( SC ARNG)
Divisions
In addition to many deployable units which are non-divisional, the Army National Guard's deployable units include eight Infantry divisions. These divisions, their subordinate brigades or brigades with which the divisions have a training oversight relationship, and the states represented by the largest units include:
''Army Aviation'' Magazine wrote on 31 March 2021 that "The ARNG is pressing forward with the Division Alignment for Training (DIV AFT) effort. The DIV AFT intent is to enhance leader development and training readiness through codified relationships across echelons and states to develop combat capable division formations for large scale combat operations. The Director, ARNG.. recently convened a DIV AFT Initial Planning Conference to clarify unit alignments for all eight ARNG Division Headquarters and synchronize activities that will facilitate unity of effort between Division Headquarters and aligned for training States."
*
28th Infantry Division ( PA ARNG)
** 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( PA ARNG)
** 56th Stryker Brigade Combat Team
The 56th Stryker Brigade Combat Team (SBCT), 28th Infantry Division, also known as the ''Independence Brigade'', is a brigade combat team of the Pennsylvania Army National Guard and has its headquarters located at Horsham Air Guard Station in ...
( PA ARNG)
** 28th Expeditionary Combat Aviation Brigade ( PA ARNG)
*
29th Infantry Division ( VA ARNG)
**
30th Armored Brigade Combat Team ( NC ARNG)
**
53rd Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( FL ARNG)
** 116th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( VA ARNG)
** 29th Combat Aviation Brigade ( MD ARNG)
*
34th Infantry Division ( MN ARNG)
** 1st Armored Brigade Combat Team ( MN ARNG)
** 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( IA ARNG)
**
32nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( WI ARNG)
**
116th Cavalry Brigade Combat Team ( ID ARNG)
** 34th Combat Aviation Brigade ( MN ARNG)
*
35th Infantry Division ( KS ARNG)
**
33rd Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( IL ARNG)
**
39th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( AR ARNG)
**
45th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( OK ARNG)
** 35th Combat Aviation Brigade
The Combat Aviation Brigade, 35th Infantry Division
Shoulder sleeve insignia
The division's shoulder patch, a white Santa Fe cross on a blue disc with a green border, was originally approved for the 35th Division on 29 October 1918.
History
...
( MO ARNG)
*
36th Infantry Division ( TX ARNG)
** 56th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( TX ARNG)
** 72nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( TX ARNG)
**
155th Armored Brigade Combat Team ( MS ARNG)
**
256th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( LA ARNG)
** 36th Combat Aviation Brigade ( TX ARNG)
*
38th Infantry Division ( IN ARNG)
**
37th Infantry Brigade Combat Team
The 37th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Buckeye) is an Infantry Brigade Combat Team, infantry brigade combat team of the United States Army National Guard with the brigade headquarters, cavalry squadron, infantry battalion, field artillery battal ...
( OH ARNG)
**
76th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( IN ARNG)
**
278th Armored Cavalry Regiment (TN ARNG Businesses and organizations
* Air Tahiti Nui (IATA airline designation "TN" since 1998), a French Polynesian airline
* Texas and Northern Railway, an American railway (reporting mark "TN")
* Todo Noticias, an Argentine cable news network
* Tr ...
)
** 38th Combat Aviation Brigade ( IN ARNG)
*
40th Infantry Division ( CA ARNG)
**
29th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( HI ARNG)
**
41st Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( OR ARNG)
**
79th Infantry Brigade Combat Team
The 79th Infantry Brigade Combat Team is an infantry brigade of the United States Army and the California Army National Guard. In late 2008, the 40th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States), 40th Infantry Brigade Combat Team was redesignated ...
( CA ARNG)
**
81st Stryker Brigade Combat Team
The 81st Stryker Brigade Combat Team is a modular brigade of the United States Army National Guard based in Washington, Oregon and California. On 9 July 2015 it was announced that the 81st Brigade would convert from being an Armored BCT to a Stry ...
( WA ARNG)
** 40th Combat Aviation Brigade ( CA ARNG)
*
42nd Infantry Division ( NY ARNG)
**
27th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( NY ARNG)
**
44th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( NJ ARNG)
**
86th Infantry Brigade Combat Team
The 86th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Mountain) ("The Vermont Brigade") is an Army National Guard light infantry brigade headquartered in Vermont.
It was reorganized from an armored brigade into an Infantry Brigade Combat Team (IBCT) as part o ...
( VT ARNG)
**42nd Combat Aviation Brigade ( NY ARNG)
Multifunctional Support Brigades
The Army National Guard fields 37 multifunctional support brigades.
Maneuver Enhancement Brigades
*
26th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( MA ARNG)
*
55th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( PA ARNG)
*
67th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade
The 67th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade is a maneuver enhancement brigade (MEB) of the Nebraska Army National Guard. It derives its lineage from the 67th Infantry Brigade (Mechanized), previously a component of the 35th Infantry Division (Mecha ...
( NE ARNG)
*
110th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( MO ARNG)
*
130th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( NC ARNG)
*
136th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( TX ARNG)
*
141st Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( ND ARNG)
*
149th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade
The 149th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade is a maneuver enhancement brigade of the Kentucky Army National Guard
The Kentucky Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard. Nationwide, the Army N ...
( KY ARNG)
*
157th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( WI ARNG)
*
158th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade (AZ ARNG
The Arizona Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard. National coordination of various state National Guard units are maintained through the National Guard Bureau.
Arizona Army National G ...
)
*
196th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( SD ARNG)
*
204th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( UT ARNG)
*
218th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( SC ARNG)
* 226th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( AL ARNG)
*
404th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade ( IL ARNG)
*
648th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade
The 648th Maneuver Enhancement Brigade is a major subordinate command of the Georgia Army National Guard.
History
The 648th MEB started with an initial staffing of just 12 personnel, a headquarters company, and the 348th Brigade Support Battalion, ...
( GA ARNG)
Field Artillery Brigades
*
45th Field Artillery Brigade ( OK ARNG)
*
65th Field Artillery Brigade ( UT ARNG)
*
115th Field Artillery Brigade
The 115th Field Artillery Brigade, known as “Cowboy Thunder” is an artillery formation of the United States Army, raised by the Wyoming Army National Guard. It is headquartered in Cheyenne, Wyoming. Its history stretches back to the 1800s whe ...
( WY ARNG)
*
130th Field Artillery Brigade
The 130th Field Artillery Brigade is a field artillery brigade of the United States Army, provided by the Kansas Army National Guard.
The 130th Field Artillery history in the Kansas Army National Guard dates back to 1917, where its lineage as part ...
( KS ARNG)
*
138th Field Artillery Brigade ( KY ARNG)
*
142nd Field Artillery Brigade ( AR ARNG)
*
169th Field Artillery Brigade ( CO ARNG)
*
197th Field Artillery Brigade ( NH ARNG)
Sustainment Brigades
*
17th Sustainment Brigade ( NV ARNG)
*
36th Sustainment Brigade ( TX ARNG)
*
38th Sustainment Brigade ( IN ARNG)
*
108th Sustainment Brigade ( IL ARNG)
*
111th Sustainment Brigade (United States), 111th Sustainment Brigade (New Mexico Army National Guard, NM ARNG)
*
113th Sustainment Brigade (United States), 113th Sustainment Brigade ( NC ARNG)
*
224th Sustainment Brigade ( CA ARNG)
*
230th Sustainment Brigade (TN ARNG Businesses and organizations
* Air Tahiti Nui (IATA airline designation "TN" since 1998), a French Polynesian airline
* Texas and Northern Railway, an American railway (reporting mark "TN")
* Todo Noticias, an Argentine cable news network
* Tr ...
)
*
369th Sustainment Brigade ( NY ARNG)
*
371st Sustainment Brigade (United States), 371st Sustainment Brigade ( OH ARNG)
Military Intelligence Brigades
*
58th Expeditionary Military Intelligence Brigade, 58th Military Intelligence Brigade (Expeditionary) ( MD ARNG)
*
71st Expeditionary Military Intelligence Brigade, 71st Military Intelligence Brigade (Expeditionary) ( TX ARNG)
*
300th Military Intelligence Brigade (United States), 300th Military Intelligence Brigade (Linguist) ( UT ARNG) (TDA organization)
Functional Support Brigades and Groups
Engineer Brigades
*
16th Engineer Brigade (United States), 16th Engineer Brigade ( OH ARNG)
*
35th Engineer Brigade (United States), 35th Engineer Brigade ( MO ARNG)
*
111th Engineer Brigade (United States), 111th Engineer Brigade (West Virginia Army National Guard, WV ARNG)
*
117th Engineer Brigade ( SC ARNG)
*
168th Engineer Brigade (United States), 168th Engineer Brigade ( MS ARNG)
*
176th Engineer Brigade ( TX ARNG)
*
194th Engineer Brigade (United States), 194th Engineer Brigade (TN ARNG Businesses and organizations
* Air Tahiti Nui (IATA airline designation "TN" since 1998), a French Polynesian airline
* Texas and Northern Railway, an American railway (reporting mark "TN")
* Todo Noticias, an Argentine cable news network
* Tr ...
)
*
219th Battlefield Surveillance Brigade (United States), 219th Engineer Brigade ( IN ARNG)
*
225th Engineer Brigade (United States), 225th Engineer Brigade ( LA ARNG)
Air Defense Artillery Brigades
*
164th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), 164th Air Defense Artillery Brigade ( FL ARNG)
*
174th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), 174th Air Defense Artillery Brigade ( OH ARNG)
*
678th Air Defense Artillery Brigade (United States), 678th Air Defense Artillery Brigade ( SC ARNG)
Theater Tactical Signal Brigades
*
228th Theater Tactical Signal Brigade ( SC ARNG)
*
261st Theater Tactical Signal Brigade (Delaware Army National Guard, DE ARNG)
Military Police Brigades
*
35th Military Police Brigade (MO ARNG)
*
43rd Military Police Brigade (United States), 43rd Military Police Brigade (Rhode Island Army National Guard, RI ARNG)
*
49th Military Police Brigade (United States), 49th Military Police Brigade ( CA ARNG)
*
92nd Military Police Brigade (Puerto Rico Army National Guard, PR ARNG)
*
142nd Military Police Brigade ( AL ARNG)
*
177th Military Police Brigade (United States), 177th Military Police Brigade ( MI ARNG)
Theater and Combat Aviation Brigades
*
63rd Theater Aviation Brigade ( KY ARNG)
*
77th Combat Aviation Brigade (United States), 77th Combat Aviation Brigade ( AR ARNG)
*
185th Theater Aviation Brigade ( MS ARNG)
*
449th Combat Aviation Brigade ( NC ARNG)
Other brigades
*
31st Chemical Brigade ( AL ARNG)
*
91st Cyber Brigade ( VA ARNG) (TDA organization)
*
100th Missile Defense Brigade ( CO ARNG)
Other Groups
*
19th Special Forces Group ( UT ARNG)
*
20th Special Forces Group ( AL ARNG)
* 111th Explosive Ordnance Disposal Group ( AL ARNG)
* 56th Theater Information Operations Group ( WA ARNG)
* 71st Theater Information Operations Group ( TX ARNG)
* 204th Theater Aviation Operations Group ( LA ARNG)
* 1100th Theater Aviation Sustainment Maintenance Group ( MD ARNG)
* 1106th Theater Aviation Sustainment Maintenance Group ( CA ARNG)
* 1107th Theater Aviation Sustainment Maintenance Group ( MO ARNG)
* 1108th Theater Aviation Sustainment Maintenance Group ( MS ARNG)
* 1109th Theater Aviation Sustainment Maintenance Group (Connecticut Army National Guard, CT ARNG)
*
42nd Regional Support Group ( NJ ARNG)
*
50th Regional Support Group ( FL ARNG)
* 109th Regional Support Group ( SD ARNG)
*
115th Regional Support Group ( CA ARNG)
* 120th Regional Support Group (Maine Army National Guard, ME ARNG)
* 139th Regional Support Group ( LA ARNG)
* 143rd Regional Support Group (Connecticut Army National Guard, CT ARNG)
*
151st Regional Support Group ( MA ARNG)
* 191st Regional Support Group (Puerto Rico Army National Guard, PR ARNG)
*
198th Regional Support Group (AZ ARNG
The Arizona Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard. National coordination of various state National Guard units are maintained through the National Guard Bureau.
Arizona Army National G ...
)
*
201st Regional Support Group ( GA ARNG)
* 213th Area Support Group (United States), 213th Regional Support Group ( PA ARNG)
*
272nd Regional Support Group ( MI ARNG)
* 297th Regional Support Group (Alaska Army National Guard, AK ARNG)
* 329th Regional Support Group ( VA ARNG)
*
347th Regional Support Group ( MN ARNG)
*
635th Regional Support Group ( KS ARNG)
*
734th Regional Support Group ( IA ARNG)
*
1889th Regional Support Group (Montana Army National Guard, MT ARNG)
Regular Army – Army National Guard Partnership
In 2016, the Army and the Army National Guard began a training and readiness initiative that aligned some Army brigades with National Guard division headquarters, and some National Guard brigades with Army division headquarters. Among others, this program included the National Guard's 86th Infantry Brigade Combat Team becoming affiliated with the Army's 10th Mountain Division and the National Guard's 1st Battalion, 143rd Infantry Regiment (United States), 143rd Infantry Regiment affiliating with the Army's 173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team. In addition, 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division began an affiliation with the National Guard's 36th Infantry Division.
*
48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team (United States), 48th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( GA ARNG), associated with
3rd Infantry Division (United States), 3rd Infantry Division
* ![81st patch](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/81st_patch.png)
81st Stryker Brigade Combat Team
The 81st Stryker Brigade Combat Team is a modular brigade of the United States Army National Guard based in Washington, Oregon and California. On 9 July 2015 it was announced that the 81st Brigade would convert from being an Armored BCT to a Stry ...
( WA ARNG), associated with
7th Infantry Division (United States), 7th Infantry Division
*
86th Infantry Brigade Combat Team ( VT ARNG), associated with 10th Mountain Division
* 1st Battalion (Airborne), 143rd Infantry Regiment (United States), 143rd Infantry Regiment ( TX ARNG), associated with
173rd Airborne Brigade Combat Team
*
1st Battalion, 151st Infantry Regiment (United States), 151st Infantry Regiment ( IN ARNG), associated with
2nd Brigade Combat Team, 25th Infantry Division (United States), 25th Infantry Division
* 840th Engineer Company ( TX ARNG), associated with
36th Engineer Brigade (United States), 36th Engineer Brigade
* 249th Transportation Company ( TX ARNG), associated with
1st Cavalry Division Sustainment Brigade
* 1176th Transportation Company (TN ARNG Businesses and organizations
* Air Tahiti Nui (IATA airline designation "TN" since 1998), a French Polynesian airline
* Texas and Northern Railway, an American railway (reporting mark "TN")
* Todo Noticias, an Argentine cable news network
* Tr ...
), associated with
101st Sustainment Brigade
* 1245th Transportation Company ( OK ARNG), associated with
4th Sustainment Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division Sustainment Brigade
* 2123rd Transportation Company ( KY ARNG), associated with
101st Sustainment Brigade
Army units partnering with Army National Guard headquarters include:
*
5th Engineer Battalion, associated with
35th Engineer Brigade (United States), 35th Engineer Brigade ( MO ARNG).
By state
The Army and Air National Guard in each state are headed by the State Adjutant General. The Adjutant General (TAG) is the de facto commander of a state's military forces, and reports to the state governor.
Legacy units and formations
Several units have been affected by Army National Guard reorganizations. Some have been renamed or inactivated. Some have had subordinate units reallocated to other commands. A partial list of inactivated major units includes:
*
26th Infantry Division (United States), 26th Infantry Division, inactivated 1 September 1993.
*
27th Infantry Division (United States), 27th Infantry Division, reorganized as 27th Armored Division, 1 February 1955. (See below.)
*
27th Armored Division, inactivated 1 February 1968.
*
30th Armored Division, inactivated 1 December 1973. (See below.)
*
30th Infantry Division (United States), 30th Infantry Division, inactivated 4 January 1974.
*
31st Infantry Division (United States), 31st Infantry Division, inactivated 14 January 1968. Units allocated to 30th Armored Division.
*
32nd Infantry Division (United States), 32nd Infantry Division, inactivated 1 December 1967.
*
33rd Infantry Division (United States), 33rd Infantry Division, inactivated 1 February 1968.
*
37th Infantry Division (United States), 37th Infantry Division, inactivated 15 February 1968.
*
39th Infantry Division (United States), 39th Infantry Division, inactivated 1 December 1967.
*
40th Armored Division (United States), 40th Armored Division, inactivated 29 January 1968.
*
41st Infantry Division (United States), 41st Infantry Division, inactivated 1 January 1968.
*
43rd Infantry Division (United States), 43rd Infantry Division, inactivated 16 December 1967.
*
44th Infantry Division (United States), 44th Infantry Division, inactivated 10 October 1954.
*
45th Infantry Division (United States), 45th Infantry Division, inactivated 1 February 1968.
*
46th Infantry Division (United States), 46th Infantry Division, inactivated 1 February 1968.
*
47th Infantry Division (United States), 47th Infantry Division, inactivated 10 February 1991.
*
48th Armored Division, inactivated 29 January 1968.
*
49th Armored Division (United States), 49th Armored Division, inactivated 1 May 2004; reflagged as the 36th Infantry Division.
*
50th Armored Division (United States), 50th Armored Division, inactivated 1 September 1993.[U.S. House Appropriations Committee]
Hearing Record
Department of Defense Appropriations for 1995, Volume 1, 1994, p. 296
Leadership
Upon the creation of the United States Air Force in 1947, the National Guard Bureau was organized into two divisions; Army National Guard and Air National Guard
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force, as well as the air militia of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the ter ...
. Each were headed by a major general
Major general (abbreviated MG, maj. gen. and similar) is a military rank used in many countries. It is derived from the older rank of sergeant major general. The disappearance of the "sergeant" in the title explains the apparent confusion of a ...
who reported to the chief of the National Guard Bureau. The head of the Army National Guard was originally established as the chief of the Army Division at the National Guard Bureau. The position was downgraded to Brigadier general (United States), brigadier general in 1962 due to force reduction. It was renamed to Director of the Army National Guard and elevated back to major general in 1970. The position was later elevated to the rank of Lieutenant general (United States), lieutenant general in 2001. The Army National Guard is also authorized a deputy director which was originally established as a brigadier general office in 1970. It was elevated to the rank of major general in 2006.
The director of the Army National Guard oversees a staff which aids in planning and day-to-day organization and management. In addition to a chief of staff, the Director's staff includes several special staff members, including a chaplain and protocol and awards specialists. It also includes a primary staff, which is organized as directorates, divisions, and branches. The directorates of the Army National Guard staff are arranged along the lines of a typical American military staff: G-1 for personnel; G-2 for intelligence; G-3 for plans, operations and training; G-4 for logistics; G-5 for strategic plans, policy and communications; G-6 for communications; and G-8 for budgets and financial management.
List of chiefs and directors
See also
* National Guard (United States)
* Space National Guard
* 19th Special Forces Group
* 20th Special Forces Group
Comparable organizations
*United States Army Reserve
*United States Marine Corps Reserve
*United States Navy Reserve
*United States Coast Guard Reserve
*Air National Guard
The Air National Guard (ANG), also known as the Air Guard, is a federal military reserve force of the United States Air Force, as well as the air militia of each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and the ter ...
(U.S. Air Force)
*Air Force Reserve Command (U.S. Air Force)
Notes
References
External links
*
Army National Guard News
Unit Designations in the Army Modular Force
accessed 23 November 2006
National Guard Maneuver Enhancement Brigade's Role in Domestic Missions
Guard Knowledge Online
Army National Guard Old Website
{{US military navbox
National Guard (United States)
United States Army National Guard,
Articles containing video clips
1903 establishments in the United States
Military units and formations established in 1903