HOME

TheInfoList



OR:

This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the
Roaring Twenties The Roaring Twenties, sometimes stylized as Roaring '20s, refers to the 1920s decade in music and fashion, as it happened in Western society and Western culture. It was a period of economic prosperity with a distinctive cultural edge in the ...
after the
Wall Street Crash of 1929 The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as the Great Crash, was a major American stock market crash that occurred in the autumn of 1929. It started in September and ended late in October, when share prices on the New York Stock Exchange coll ...
ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic counter-revolution in Mexico. The
Judicial Committee of the Privy Council The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) is the highest court of appeal for the Crown Dependencies, the British Overseas Territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few institutions in the United Kingdom. Established on 14 Augus ...
, a British high court, ruled that Canadian women are persons in the '' Edwards v. Canada (Attorney General)'' case. The 1st Academy Awards for film were held in Los Angeles, while the
Museum of Modern Art The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street (Manhattan), 53rd Street between Fifth Avenue, Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, ...
opened in New York City. The Peruvian Air Force was created. In Asia, the
Republic of China Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a country in East Asia, at the junction of the East and South China Seas in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, with the People's Republic of China (PRC) to the northwest, Japan to the northea ...
and the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
engaged in a minor conflict after the Chinese seized full control of the Manchurian Chinese Eastern Railway, which ended with a resumption of joint administration. In the Soviet Union, General Secretary
Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secreta ...
expelled
Leon Trotsky Lev Davidovich Bronstein. ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky; uk, link= no, Лев Давидович Троцький; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky''. (), was a Russian M ...
and adopted a policy of
collectivization Collective farming and communal farming are various types of, "agricultural production in which multiple farmers run their holdings as a joint enterprise". There are two broad types of communal farms: agricultural cooperatives, in which member- ...
. The Grand Trunk Express began service in India.
Rioting A riot is a form of civil disorder commonly characterized by a group lashing out in a violent public disturbance against authority, property, or people. Riots typically involve destruction of property, public or private. The property target ...
between Muslims and Jews in Jerusalem over access to the
Western Wall The Western Wall ( he, הַכּוֹתֶל הַמַּעֲרָבִי, HaKotel HaMa'aravi, the western wall, often shortened to the Kotel or Kosel), known in the West as the Wailing Wall, and in Islam as the Buraq Wall (Arabic: حَائِط ...
took place in the Middle East. The centenary of Western Australia was celebrated. The
Afghan Civil War War in Afghanistan, Afghan war, or Afghan civil war may refer to: *Conquest of Afghanistan by Alexander the Great (330 BC – 327 BC) *Muslim conquests of Afghanistan (637–709) *Conquest of Afghanistan by the Mongol Empire (13th century), see als ...
, which started in November in the preceding year, continued until October. The Kellogg–Briand Pact, a treaty renouncing war as an instrument of national policy, went into effect. In Europe, the Holy See and the Kingdom of Italy signed the
Lateran Treaty The Lateran Treaty ( it, Patti Lateranensi; la, Pacta Lateranensia) was one component of the Lateran Pacts of 1929, agreements between the Kingdom of Italy under King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and the Holy See under Pope Pius XI to settle ...
. The Idionymon law was passed in Greece to outlaw political dissent. Spain hosted the
Ibero-American Exposition The Ibero-American Exposition of 1929 (Spanish: ''Exposición iberoamericana de 1929'') was a world's fair held in Seville, Spain, from 9 May 1929 until 21 June 1930. Countries in attendance of the exposition included: Portugal, the United Stat ...
which featured pavilions from Latin American countries. The German airship LZ 127 ''Graf Zeppelin'' flew around the world in 21 days.


Summary


Middle East, Asia, and Pacific Isles

On August 1 of this year the 1929 Palestine riots broke out between Palestinians and
Jews Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""T ...
over control of the
Western Wall The Western Wall ( he, הַכּוֹתֶל הַמַּעֲרָבִי, HaKotel HaMa'aravi, the western wall, often shortened to the Kotel or Kosel), known in the West as the Wailing Wall, and in Islam as the Buraq Wall (Arabic: حَائِط ...
. The rioting, initiated in part when British police tore down a screen the Jews had constructed in front of the Wall, continued until the end of the month. In total, 133 Jews and 116 Palestinians were killed. Two of the more famous incidents occurring during these riots were the August 23–24 1929 Hebron massacre, in which almost 70 Jews were killed by Palestinians and the remaining Jews are forced to stay at
Hebron Hebron ( ar, الخليل or ; he, חֶבְרוֹן ) is a State of Palestine, Palestinian. city in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Nestled in the Judaean Mountains, it lies Above mean sea level, above sea level. The second-lar ...
. The Palestinians had been told that Jews were killing Palestinians. Jews would not return to Hebron until after the
Six-Day War The Six-Day War (, ; ar, النكسة, , or ) or June War, also known as the 1967 Arab–Israeli War or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between Israel and a coalition of Arab world, Arab states (primarily United Arab Republic, Egypt, S ...
in 1967. The other major clash was the
1929 Safed massacre The 1929 Palestine riots, Buraq Uprising ( ar, ثورة البراق, ) or the Events of 1929 ( he, מאורעות תרפ"ט, , ''lit.'' Events of 5689 Anno Mundi), was a series of demonstrations and riots in late August 1929 in which a longst ...
, in which 18–20 Jews were killed by Palestinians in
Safed Safed (known in Hebrew as Tzfat; Sephardic Hebrew & Modern Hebrew: צְפַת ''Tsfat'', Ashkenazi Hebrew: ''Tzfas'', Biblical Hebrew: ''Ṣǝp̄aṯ''; ar, صفد, ''Ṣafad''), is a city in the Northern District of Israel. Located at an elevat ...
in similar fashion. Elsewhere in the Middle East,
Iraq Iraq,; ku, عێراق, translit=Êraq officially the Republic of Iraq, '; ku, کۆماری عێراق, translit=Komarî Êraq is a country in Western Asia. It is bordered by Turkey to Iraq–Turkey border, the north, Iran to Iran–Iraq ...
took a big step toward gaining independence from the British. The Iraqi government had, since the end of World War I and the beginning of the British Mandate in the Middle East, consistently resisted British hegemony. In September, Great Britain announced it would support Iraq's inclusion in the
League of Nations The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide Intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by ...
, signaling the beginning of the end of their direct control of the region. Early in 1929, the
Afghan Civil War War in Afghanistan, Afghan war, or Afghan civil war may refer to: *Conquest of Afghanistan by Alexander the Great (330 BC – 327 BC) *Muslim conquests of Afghanistan (637–709) *Conquest of Afghanistan by the Mongol Empire (13th century), see als ...
saw the Afghan leader King Amanullah lose power to the Saqqawists under Habibullāh Kalakāni. Kalakani's rule, however, only lasted nine months. Nadir Shah replaced him in October, starting a line of monarchs which would last 40 years. In India, a general strike in Bombay continued throughout the year despite efforts by the British. On
December 29 Events Pre-1600 *1170 – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. ...
, the All India Congress in
Lahore Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest ...
declared Indian
independence Independence is a condition of a person, nation, country, or state in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the s ...
from Britain, something it had threatened to do if Britain did not grant India dominion status. China and Russia engaged in a minor conflict after China seized full control of the Manchurian Chinese Eastern Railway. Russia counterattacked and took the cities of Hailar and Manchouli after issuing an ultimatum demanding joint control of the railway to be reinstated. The Chinese agreed to the terms on November 26. The Japanese would later see this defeat as a sign of Chinese weakness, leading to their taking control of Manchuria. The Far East began to experience economic problems late in the year as the effects of the Great Depression began to spread. Southeast Asia was especially hard hit as its exports (spice, rubber, and other commodities) were more sensitive to economic problems. In the Pacific, on December 28 – " Black Saturday" in
Samoa Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa; sm, Sāmoa, and until 1997 known as Western Samoa, is a Polynesian island country consisting of two main islands (Savai'i and Upolu); two smaller, inhabited islands (Manono Island, Manono an ...
– New Zealand colonial police killed 11 unarmed demonstrators, an event which led the Mau movement to demand independence for Samoa.


Europe


Western

In 1929, the Fascist Party in Italy tightened its control. National education policy took a major step towards being completely taken over by the agenda of indoctrination. In that year, the Fascist government took control of the authorization of all textbooks, all secondary school teachers were required to take an oath of loyalty to Fascism, and children began to be taught that they owed the same loyalty to Fascism as they did to God. On February 11, Mussolini signed the
Lateran Treaty The Lateran Treaty ( it, Patti Lateranensi; la, Pacta Lateranensia) was one component of the Lateran Pacts of 1929, agreements between the Kingdom of Italy under King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and the Holy See under Pope Pius XI to settle ...
, making
Vatican City Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—' * german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ') * pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—' * pt, Cidade do Vati ...
a sovereign state. On July 25,
Pope Pius XI Pope Pius XI ( it, Pio XI), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was head of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to his death in February 1939. He was the first sovereign of Vatican City fr ...
emerged from the Vatican and entered St. Peter's Square in a huge procession witnessed by about 250,000 persons, thus ending nearly 60 years of papal self-imprisonment within the Vatican. Italy used the diplomatic prestige associated with this successful agreement to adopt a more aggressive foreign policy. Germany experienced a major turning point in this year due to the economic crash. The country had experienced prosperity under the government of the
Weimar Republic The German Reich, commonly referred to as the Weimar Republic,, was a historical period of Germany from 9 November 1918 to 23 March 1933, during which it was a constitutional federal republic for the first time in history; hence it is also r ...
until foreign investors withdrew their German interests. This began the crumbling of the Republican government in favor of Nazism. In 1929, the number of unemployed reached three million. On July 27, the Geneva Convention, held in Switzerland, addressed the treatment of prisoners of war in response to problems encountered during World War I. On May 31, the British general election returned a hung parliament yet again, with the Liberals in position to determine who would have power. These elections were known as the "Flapper" elections due to the fact that it was the first British election in which women under 30 could vote. A week after the vote, on June 7 the Conservatives conceded power rather than ally with the Liberals. Ramsay MacDonald founded a new Labour government the next day. 1929 is regarded as a turning point by French historians, who point out that it was last year in which prosperity was felt before the effects of the Great Depression. The Third Republic had been in power since before World War I. On July 24, French prime minister Raymond Poincaré resigned for medical reasons; he was succeeded by Aristide Briand. Briand adopted a foreign policy of both peace and defensive fortification. The Kellogg–Briand Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of
foreign policy A state's foreign policy or external policy (as opposed to internal or domestic policy) is its objectives and activities in relation to its interactions with other states, unions, and other political entities, whether bilaterally or through ...
, went into effect in this year (it was first signed in Paris in 1928 by most leading world powers). The French began work on the
Maginot Line The Maginot Line (french: Ligne Maginot, ), named after the French Minister of War André Maginot, is a line of concrete fortifications, obstacles and weapon installations built by France in the 1930s to deter invasion by Germany and force the ...
in this year, as a defense against a possible German attack, and on September 5 Briand presented a plan for the ''United States of Europe''. On October 22, Briand was replaced as Prime Minister by André Tardieu. Primo de Rivera's dictatorship in Spain experienced growing dissatisfaction among students and academics, as well as businessmen who blamed the government for recent economic woes. Many called for a fascist regime, like that in Italy.


Eastern

In May,
Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secreta ...
consolidated his power in the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
by sending
Leon Trotsky Lev Davidovich Bronstein. ( – 21 August 1940), better known as Leon Trotsky; uk, link= no, Лев Давидович Троцький; also transliterated ''Lyev'', ''Trotski'', ''Trotskij'', ''Trockij'' and ''Trotzky''. (), was a Russian M ...
into exile. The only country that would grant Trotsky asylum was Turkey, in return for his help during Turkey's civil war. He and his family left the USSR aboard ship on February 12. Stalin turned on his former political ally,
Nikolai Bukharin Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin (russian: Никола́й Ива́нович Буха́рин) ( – 15 March 1938) was a Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician, Marxist philosopher and economist and prolific author on revolutionary theory. ...
, who was the last real threat to his power. By the end of the year Bukharin had been defeated. Once Stalin was in power, he turned his former support for Lenin's
New Economic Policy The New Economic Policy (NEP) () was an economic policy of the Soviet Union proposed by Vladimir Lenin in 1921 as a temporary expedient. Lenin characterized the NEP in 1922 as an economic system that would include "a free market and capitalism ...
into opposition. In November, Stalin declared that it "The Year of the Great Breakthrough" and stated that the country would focus on industrial programs as well as on collectivizing the grain supply. He hoped to surpass the West not only in agriculture, but in industry. Millions of Soviet farmers were removed from their private farms, their property was collected, and they were moved to state-owned farms. Stalin emphasized in 1929 a campaign demonizing kulaks as a plague on society. Kulak property was taken and they were deported by cattle train to areas of frozen tundra. The timber market in Finland began to decline in 1929 due to the Great Depression, as well as the Soviet Union's entrance into the market. Financial and political problems culminated in the birth of the fascist Lapua Movement on November 23 in a demonstration in Lapua. The movement's stated aim was Finnish democracy and anti-communism. The Finnish legislature received heavy pressure to remove basic rights from Communist groups. Politics in Lithuania was heated, as President Voldemaras was unpopular in some quarters, and survived an assassination attempt in
Kaunas Kaunas (; ; also see other names) is the second-largest city in Lithuania after Vilnius and an important centre of Lithuanian economic, academic, and cultural life. Kaunas was the largest city and the centre of a county in the Duchy of Tra ...
.Kristina Vaičikonis. ''Augustinas Voldemaras''
Lituanus, Vol. 30, No. 3, Fall 1984, ed. Antanas Klimas;
Later, while attending a meeting of the
League of Nations The League of Nations (french: link=no, Société des Nations ) was the first worldwide Intergovernmental organization, intergovernmental organisation whose principal mission was to maintain world peace. It was founded on 10 January 1920 by ...
, he was ousted in a coup by President Smetona, who made himself dictator. Upon Voldemaras' removal from office, Geležinis Vilkas went underground and received aid and encouragement in its activities from Germany. The Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes was renamed the "Kingdom of Yugoslavia" as King Alexander sought to unite the South Slavs under his rule. The state's new Monarchy replaced the old parliament, which had been dominated by Serbs.


North America

In October 1929, the British
Judicial Committee of the Privy Council The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) is the highest court of appeal for the Crown Dependencies, the British Overseas Territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few institutions in the United Kingdom. Established on 14 Augus ...
overturned a ruling by the
Supreme Court of Canada The Supreme Court of Canada (SCC; french: Cour suprême du Canada, CSC) is the highest court in the judicial system of Canada. It comprises nine justices, whose decisions are the ultimate application of Canadian law, and grants permission to ...
that women could not be members of the legislature. This case, which came to be known as the
Persons Case ''Edwards v Canada (AG)''also known as the ''Persons Case'' (french: l'Affaire « personne »)is a famous Canadian constitutional case that decided in 1929 that women were eligible to sit in the Senate of Canada. The legal case was put forward b ...
, had important ramifications not just for the rights of women but because in overturning the case, the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council engendered a radical change in the Canadian judicial approach to the Canadian constitution, an approach that has come to be known as the " living tree doctrine". The five women who initiated the case are known in Canada as the Famous Five. In November, the
1929 Grand Banks earthquake The 1929 Grand Banks earthquake (also called the Laurentian Slope earthquake and the South Shore Disaster) occurred on November 18, 1929. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.2 and a maximum Rossi–Forel intensity of VI (''Strong tremor'') and ...
occurred off the south coast of Newfoundland in the Atlantic Ocean. It registered as a Richter magnitude 7.2 submarine earthquake centered on Grand Banks, broke 12 submarine transatlantic telegraph cables and triggered a
tsunami A tsunami ( ; from ja, 津波, lit=harbour wave, ) is a series of waves in a water body caused by the displacement of a large volume of water, generally in an ocean or a large lake. Earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and other underwater exp ...
that destroyed many south coast communities in the Burin Peninsula area, killing 28 (as of 1997, Canada's most lethal earthquake). Ross-Loos Medical Group is established in downtown Los Angeles by two physicians, Donald E. Ross and H. Clifford Loos - the first HMO in the United States. The Mexican Cristero War continued in 1929 as clerical forces attempted an assassination of the provisional president in a train bombing in February. The attempt failed. Plutarco Calles, at the center of power for the anti-clerics, continued to gather power in Mexico City. His government was considered an enemy to more conservative Mexicans who held to traditional forms of government and more religious control. Calles founded the National Revolutionary Party early in the year to increase his power; a party which was, ironically, seen by foreigners as fascist and which was in opposition to the Mexican Right. A special election was held in this year, which Jose Vasconselos lost to Ortiz Rubio. By this time, the war had ended. The last group of rebels was defeated on June 4, and in the same month US Ambassador Dwight Morrow initiated talks between parties. On June 21 an agreement was brokered ending the Cristero War. On June 27, church bells rang and mass was held publicly for the first time in three years. The agreement heavily favored the government, as priests were required to register with the government and religion was banned from schools. The major event of the year for the United States was the stock market crash on Wall Street, which was to have international effects and be widely regarded as the inciting incident of the Great Depression. On September 3, the
Dow Jones Industrial Average The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), Dow Jones, or simply the Dow (), is a stock market index of 30 prominent companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States. The DJIA is one of the oldest and most commonly followed equity indexe ...
(DJIA) peaked at 381.17, a height it would not reach again until November 1954. Then, from October 24October 29, stock prices suffered three multi-digit percentage drops, wiping out more than $30 billion from the New York Stock Exchange (10 times greater than the annual budget of the federal government). On December 3 U.S. President
Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 and a member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, holding o ...
announced to the U.S. Congress that the worst effects of the recent stock market crash were behind the nation, and that the American people had regained faith in the
economy An economy is an area of the production, distribution and trade, as well as consumption of goods and services. In general, it is defined as a social domain that emphasize the practices, discourses, and material expressions associated with t ...
.


Literature, arts, and entertainment

Literature of the time reflected the memories many harbored of the horrors of World War I. A major seller was '' All Quiet on the Western Front'' by
Erich Maria Remarque Erich Maria Remarque (, ; born Erich Paul Remark; 22 June 1898 – 25 September 1970) was a German-born novelist. His landmark novel '' All Quiet on the Western Front'' (1928), based on his experience in the Imperial German Army during Wor ...
. Remarque was a German who had fought in the war at age eighteen and been wounded in the Third Battle of Ypres. He stated that he intended the book to tell the story "of a generation of men who, even though they may have escaped its shells, were destroyed by the war." Another 1929 book reflecting on World War I was
Ernest Hemingway Ernest Miller Hemingway (July 21, 1899 – July 2, 1961) was an American novelist, short-story writer, and journalist. His economical and understated style—which he termed the iceberg theory—had a strong influence on 20th-century fic ...
's ''
A Farewell to Arms ''A Farewell to Arms'' is a novel by American writer Ernest Hemingway, set during the Italian campaign of World War I. First published in 1929, it is a first-person account of an American, Frederic Henry, serving as a lieutenant () in the am ...
'', as well as '' Good-Bye to All That'' by Robert Graves. In lighter media, a few stars of the comic industry made their debut, including '' Tintin'', a
comic book A comic book, also called comicbook, comic magazine or (in the United Kingdom and Ireland) simply comic, is a publication that consists of comics art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panel (comics), panels that represent individual scenes. ...
character created by Hergé, who would appear in over 200 million comic books in 60 languages. '' Popeye'', another comic strip character created by Elzie Crisler Segar, also appeared in this year. Within the film industry, on
May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. *1364 ...
the 1st Academy Awards were presented at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, with ''
Wings A wing is a type of fin that produces lift while moving through air or some other fluid. Accordingly, wings have streamlined cross-sections that are subject to aerodynamic forces and act as airfoils. A wing's aerodynamic efficiency is exp ...
'' winning Best Picture. Also, '' Hallelujah!'' became the first Hollywood film to contain an entirely black cast, and ''
Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the "Old World" of Africa, Europe an ...
'', a film about the '' Titanic'', is an early sound-on-film movie. The arts were in the midst of the
Modernist Modernism is both a philosophy, philosophical and arts movement that arose from broad transformations in Western world, Western society during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The movement reflected a desire for the creation of new fo ...
movement, as
Pablo Picasso Pablo Ruiz Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanish painter, sculptor, printmaker, ceramicist and theatre designer who spent most of his adult life in France. One of the most influential artists of the 20th century, he is ...
painted two cubist works, ''Woman in a Garden'' and ''Nude in an Armchair'', during this year. The
surrealist Surrealism is a cultural movement that developed in Europe in the aftermath of World War I in which artists depicted unnerving, illogical scenes and developed techniques to allow the unconscious mind to express itself. Its aim was, according to ...
painters
Salvador Dalí Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, Marquess of Dalí of Púbol (; ; ; 11 May 190423 January 1989) was a Spanish surrealist artist renowned for his technical skill, precise draftsmanship, and the striking and bizarre images in ...
and René Magritte completed several works, including ''
The First Days of Spring ''The First Days of Spring'' is an oil an collage on panel painting by the Spanish surrealist Salvador Dalí, created in 1929. The setting for this image is an expansive, smooth gray plane. It is elevated on the right and steps down to a lower l ...
'' and '' The Treachery of Images''. On November 7 in New York City, the
Museum of Modern Art The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street (Manhattan), 53rd Street between Fifth Avenue, Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, ...
opened to the public. The latest in
modern architecture Modern architecture, or modernist architecture, was an architectural movement or architectural style based upon new and innovative technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; the idea that for ...
was also represented by the
Barcelona Pavilion The Barcelona Pavilion ( ca, Pavelló alemany; es, Pabellón alemán; "German Pavilion"), designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich, was the German Pavilion for the 1929 International Exposition in Barcelona, Spain. This building w ...
in Spain, and the Royal York Hotel in Toronto, at its completion the tallest building in the British Empire.


Science and technology

The year saw several advances in technology and exploration. On June 27 the first public demonstration of color TV was held by H. E. Ives and his colleagues at Bell Telephone Laboratories in New York. The first images were a bouquet of roses and an American flag. A mechanical system was used to transmit 50-line color television images between New York and Washington. The BBC broadcast a television transmission for the first time. By November, Vladimir Zworykin had taken out the first patent for color television. On November 29, Bernt Balchen, U.S. Admiral Richard Byrd, Captain Ashley McKinley, and Harold June, became the first to fly over the
South Pole The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole, Terrestrial South Pole or 90th Parallel South, is one of the two points where Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on Earth and lies antipod ...
. Within the year, Britain, Australia and New Zealand began a joint Antarctic Research Expedition, and the German airship '' Graf Zeppelin'' began a round-the-world flight (ended
August 29 Events Pre-1600 * 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708). * 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzanti ...
). This year Ernst Schwarz describes
Bonobo The bonobo (; ''Pan paniscus''), also historically called the pygmy chimpanzee and less often the dwarf chimpanzee or gracile chimpanzee, is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus '' Pan,'' the other being the co ...
(''Pan paniscus'') as a different species from
common chimpanzee The chimpanzee (''Pan troglodytes''), also known as simply the chimp, is a species of great ape native to the forest and savannah of tropical Africa. It has four confirmed subspecies and a fifth proposed subspecies. When its close relative th ...
(''Pan troglodytes''), both closely related phylogenetically to human beings. During the year 1929, there were two solar eclipses and two penumbral lunar eclipses: * 1929 May 9 = Total Solar Eclipse * 1929 May 23 = Penumbral Lunar Eclipse * 1929 November 1 = Annular Solar Eclipse * 1929 November 17 = Penumbral Lunar Eclipse


Events


January

*
January 6 Events Pre-1600 * 1066 – Following the death of Edward the Confessor on the previous day, the Witan meets to confirm Harold Godwinson as the new King of England; Harold is crowned the same day, sparking a succession crisis that will ...
** 6 January Dictatorship: King Alexander of the Serbs, Croats, and Slovenes suspends his country's constitution. **
Albania Albania ( ; sq, Shqipëri or ), or , also or . officially the Republic of Albania ( sq, Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe. It is located on the Adriatic The Adriatic Sea () is a body of water separating the ...
n missionary sister Agnes Gonxha Bojaxhiu, later known as Mother Teresa, arrives in
Calcutta Kolkata (, or , ; also known as Calcutta , the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal, on the eastern bank of the Hooghly River west of the border with Bangladesh. It is the primary business, comm ...
from Ireland to begin her work in India. *
January 10 Events Pre-1600 * 49 BC – Julius Caesar crosses the Rubicon, signalling the start of civil war. * 9 – The Western Han dynasty ends when Wang Mang claims that the divine Mandate of Heaven called for the end of the dynasty and the ...
– The first appearance of Hergé's Belgian
comic book A comic book, also called comicbook, comic magazine or (in the United Kingdom and Ireland) simply comic, is a publication that consists of comics art in the form of sequential juxtaposed panel (comics), panels that represent individual scenes. ...
hero Tintin, as '' Tintin in the Land of the Soviets'' (''Les Aventures de Tintin, reporter..., au pays des Soviets''), begins serialization in the children's newspaper supplement, '' Le Petit Vingtième''. *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 *38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. *1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people o ...
– The comic strip hero Popeye first appears in ''Thimble Theatre''. *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 *38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. *1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people o ...
Kabul Kabul (; ps, , ; , ) is the capital and largest city of Afghanistan. Located in the eastern half of the country, it is also a municipality, forming part of the Kabul Province; it is administratively divided into 22 municipal districts. Ac ...
falls to Habibullāh Kalakāni's forces, beginning a 9-month period of Saqqawist rule in Afghanistan while the
Afghan Civil War War in Afghanistan, Afghan war, or Afghan civil war may refer to: *Conquest of Afghanistan by Alexander the Great (330 BC – 327 BC) *Muslim conquests of Afghanistan (637–709) *Conquest of Afghanistan by the Mongol Empire (13th century), see als ...
continues. *
January 29 Events Pre-1600 * 904 – Sergius III is elected pope, after coming out of retirement to take over the papacy from the deposed antipope Christopher. * 946 – Caliph Al-Mustakfi is blinded and deposed by Emir Mu'izz al-Dawla, ru ...
– '' All Quiet on the Western Front'' (''Im Westen nichts Neues''), by
Erich Maria Remarque Erich Maria Remarque (, ; born Erich Paul Remark; 22 June 1898 – 25 September 1970) was a German-born novelist. His landmark novel '' All Quiet on the Western Front'' (1928), based on his experience in the Imperial German Army during Wor ...
, is published in book form.


February

*
February 9 Events Pre-1600 * 474 – Zeno is crowned as co-emperor of the Byzantine Empire. *1003 – Boleslaus III is restored to authority with armed support from Bolesław I the Brave of Poland. *1539 – The first recorded race is held ...
– " Litvinov's Pact" is signed in Moscow by the
Soviet Union The Soviet Union,. officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. (USSR),. was a List of former transcontinental countries#Since 1700, transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991. A flagship communist state, ...
, Poland,
Estonia Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and t ...
,
Romania Romania ( ; ro, România ) is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. It borders Bulgaria to the south, Ukraine to the north, Hungary to the west, Serbia to the southwest, Moldova to the east, a ...
and
Latvia Latvia ( or ; lv, Latvija ; ltg, Latveja; liv, Leţmō), officially the Republic of Latvia ( lv, Latvijas Republika, links=no, ltg, Latvejas Republika, links=no, liv, Leţmō Vabāmō, links=no), is a country in the Baltic region of ...
, who agree not to use force to settle disputes between themselves. *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
– The
Kingdom of Italy The Kingdom of Italy ( it, Regno d'Italia) was a state that existed from 1861, when Victor Emmanuel II of Sardinia was proclaimed King of Italy, until 1946, when civil discontent led to an institutional referendum to abandon the monarchy and ...
and the
Holy See The Holy See ( lat, Sancta Sedes, ; it, Santa Sede ), also called the See of Rome, Petrine See or Apostolic See, is the jurisdiction of the Pope in his role as the bishop of Rome. It includes the apostolic episcopal see of the Diocese of R ...
of the
Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...
sign the
Lateran Treaty The Lateran Treaty ( it, Patti Lateranensi; la, Pacta Lateranensia) was one component of the Lateran Pacts of 1929, agreements between the Kingdom of Italy under King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and the Holy See under Pope Pius XI to settle ...
, to establish the
Vatican City Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—' * german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ') * pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—' * pt, Cidade do Vati ...
as an independent sovereign
enclave An enclave is a territory (or a small territory apart of a larger one) that is entirely surrounded by the territory of one other state or entity. Enclaves may also exist within territorial waters. ''Enclave'' is sometimes used improperly to deno ...
within Rome, resolving the " Roman Question". *
February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Lo ...
– "
Saint Valentine's Day Massacre The Saint Valentine's Day Massacre was the murder of seven members and associates of Chicago's North Side Gang that occurred on Saint Valentine's Day 1929. The men were gathered at a Lincoln Park, Chicago garage on the morning of February 1 ...
": Five gangsters (rivals of Al Capone), plus a civilian, are shot dead in Chicago. *
February 21 Events Pre-1600 *452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. *1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The ...
– In the first battle of the Warlord Rebellion in northeastern Shandong against the Nationalist government of China, a 24,000-strong rebel force led by Zhang Zongchang is defeated at
Zhifu Zhifu District is an urban district of the prefecture-level city of Yantai in Shandong Province, China. Name As a separate city, Zhifu's name was variously romanized as Chefoo, and . Although this name was used for the city by foreigners prior ...
by 7,000 NRA troops. *
February 26 Events Pre-1600 * 747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events. * 364 – Valentinian I is ...
Grand Teton National Park is established by the
United States Congress The United States Congress is the legislature of the federal government of the United States. It is bicameral, composed of a lower body, the House of Representatives, and an upper body, the Senate. It meets in the U.S. Capitol in Washi ...
.


March

*
March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cu ...
– The longest bridge in the world at this time, the San Francisco Bay Toll-Bridge, opens. * March 3 – A revolt by Generals
José Gonzalo Escobar General Don José Gonzalo Escobar (1892–1969) was an officer in the Mexican Army and leader of the failed Escobar Rebellion in 1929, which challenged the political power of Plutarco Elías Calles . Military career Escobar was born in Mazatl ...
and Jesús María Aguirre fails in Mexico. *
March 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title ''princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez (title), Knez Trpimir I of Cr ...
**
Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933 and a member of the Republican Party (United States), Republican Party, holding o ...
is
sworn in Traditionally an oath (from Anglo-Saxon ', also called plight) is either a statement of fact or a promise taken by a sacrality as a sign of verity. A common legal substitute for those who conscientiously object to making sacred oaths is to giv ...
, as the 31st president of the United States. ** The National Revolutionary Party (''Partido Nacional Revolucionario'') is established in Mexico, by ex-President
Plutarco Elías Calles Plutarco Elías Calles (25 September 1877 – 19 October 1945) was a general in the Mexican Revolution and a Sonoran politician, serving as President of Mexico from 1924 to 1928. The 1924 Calles presidential campaign was the first populist ...
. Under a succession of names, it will hold power in the country continuously for the next 71 years. *
March 17 Events Pre-1600 *45 BC – In his last victory, Julius Caesar defeats the Pompeian forces of Titus Labienus and Pompey the Younger in the Battle of Munda. * 180 – Commodus becomes sole emperor of the Roman Empire at the age o ...
– Second of the
Davos University Conferences The Davos University Conferences (french: Cours universitaires de Davos; german: Davoser Hochschulkurse) were a project between 1928 and 1931 to create an international university at Davos in Switzerland. Origins The Davos University Conferen ...
opens in Switzerland; this includes the Cassirer–Heidegger debate in philosophy. *
March 28 Events Pre-1600 * AD 37 – Roman emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, bestowed on him by the Senate. * 193 – After assassinating the Roman Emperor Pertinax, his Praetorian Guards auction off the throne to Di ...
– Japanese forces withdraw from Shandong province to their garrison in Tsingtao, bringing an end to the Jinan Incident. * March 30
Imperial Airways Imperial Airways was the early British commercial long-range airline, operating from 1924 to 1939 and principally serving the British Empire routes to Union of South Africa, South Africa, British India, India, Australia and the Far East, inclu ...
begins operating the first commercial flights between London and
Karachi Karachi (; ur, ; ; ) is the most populous city in Pakistan and 12th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 20 million. It is situated at the southern tip of the country along the Arabian Sea coast. It is the former ...
.


April

* April 3
Persia Iran, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran, and also called Persia, is a country located in Western Asia. It is bordered by Iraq and Turkey to the west, by Azerbaijan and Armenia to the northwest, by the Caspian Sea and Turkme ...
signs the Litvinov Protocol.


May

* May 1 – The 7.2 Kopet Dag earthquake shakes the Iran-Turkmenistan border region, with a maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (''Violent''), killing up to 3,800 and injuring 1,121. * May 7 – "The Battle Of Blood Alley" is fought by a razor gang in Sydney, Australia. *
May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. *1364 ...
– The 1st Academy Awards are presented in a 15-minute ceremony at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, honoring the best movies of 1927 and 1928, ''
Wings A wing is a type of fin that produces lift while moving through air or some other fluid. Accordingly, wings have streamlined cross-sections that are subject to aerodynamic forces and act as airfoils. A wing's aerodynamic efficiency is exp ...
'' (1927) winning Best Picture. Gerald Duffy (died 1928) receives the only Academy Award for Best Title Writing ever awarded (for his intertitles to the
silent film A silent film is a film with no synchronized Sound recording and reproduction, recorded sound (or more generally, no audible dialogue). Though silent films convey narrative and emotion visually, various plot elements (such as a setting or era) ...
'' The Private Life of Helen of Troy'' (1927)). * May 31 – The United Kingdom general election again returns a hung parliament; the Liberals in Parliament determine which party will govern.


June

*
June 1 Events Pre-1600 *1215 – Zhongdu (now Beijing), then under the control of the Jurchen ruler Emperor Xuanzong of Jin, is captured by the Mongols under Genghis Khan, ending the Battle of Zhongdu. *1252 – Alfonso X is proclaimed king o ...
– The
1st Conference of the Communist Parties of Latin America The First Conference of the Communist Parties of Latin America was in Buenos Aires, Argentina, June 1–12, 1929. Thirty-eight delegates, representing Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, El Salvador, Guatemala, Cuba, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Pa ...
is held in
Buenos Aires Buenos Aires ( or ; ), officially the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires ( es, link=no, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires), is the Capital city, capital and primate city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the Río de la Plata ...
. * June 3 – The
Treaty of Lima Treaty of Lima refers to a number of treaties. * Treaty of Lima (1848), more formally known as the Treaty of Confederation between the Republics of Peru, Bolivia, Chile, Ecuador and New Granada, was signed on February 8, 1848. * Treaty of Lima (18 ...
settles a border dispute between
Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...
and
Chile Chile, officially the Republic of Chile, is a country in the western part of South America. It is the southernmost country in the world, and the closest to Antarctica, occupying a long and narrow strip of land between the Andes to the eas ...
. * June 7 – The
Lateran Treaty The Lateran Treaty ( it, Patti Lateranensi; la, Pacta Lateranensia) was one component of the Lateran Pacts of 1929, agreements between the Kingdom of Italy under King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy and the Holy See under Pope Pius XI to settle ...
, making
Vatican City Vatican City (), officially the Vatican City State ( it, Stato della Città del Vaticano; la, Status Civitatis Vaticanae),—' * german: Vatikanstadt, cf. '—' (in Austria: ') * pl, Miasto Watykańskie, cf. '—' * pt, Cidade do Vati ...
a sovereign state, is ratified. * June 8Ramsay MacDonald forms the United Kingdom's second Labour government. * June 21 – An agreement brokered by U.S. Ambassador Dwight Whitney Morrow helps end the Cristero War in Mexico. * June 27 – The first public demonstration of color TV is held, by
H. E. Ives Herbert Eugene Ives (July 31, 1882 – November 13, 1953) was a scientist and engineer who headed the development of facsimile and television systems at AT&T in the first half of the twentieth century. He is best known for the 1938 Ives–Stilwe ...
and his colleagues at Bell Telephone Laboratories in New York. The first images are a bouquet of roses and an
American flag The national flag of the United States of America, often referred to as the ''American flag'' or the ''U.S. flag'', consists of thirteen equal horizontal stripes of red (top and bottom) alternating with white, with a blue rectangle in the c ...
. A mechanical system is used to transmit 50-line color television images between New York and Washington.


July

* July 24 ** The Kellogg–Briand Pact, renouncing war as an instrument of
foreign policy A state's foreign policy or external policy (as opposed to internal or domestic policy) is its objectives and activities in relation to its interactions with other states, unions, and other political entities, whether bilaterally or through ...
, goes into effect (it was first signed in Paris on August 27, 1928, by most leading world powers). **
Union Airways Union Airways of South Africa was the first South African commercial airline. It operated as an independent company for five years, from 1929 to 1934, before being taken over by the government as South African Airways. History Union Airways we ...
Pty. Ltd. is founded, to be nationalised as South African Airways, on
1 February Events Pre-1600 *1327 – The teenaged Edward III is crowned King of England, but the country is ruled by his mother Queen Isabella and her lover Roger Mortimer. *1411 – The First Peace of Thorn is signed in Thorn (Toruń), Monas ...
1934. * July 25
Pope Pius XI Pope Pius XI ( it, Pio XI), born Ambrogio Damiano Achille Ratti (; 31 May 1857 – 10 February 1939), was head of the Catholic Church from 6 February 1922 to his death in February 1939. He was the first sovereign of Vatican City fr ...
emerges from the
Apostolic Palace The Apostolic Palace ( la, Palatium Apostolicum; it, Palazzo Apostolico) is the official residence of the pope, the head of the Catholic Church, located in Vatican City. It is also known as the Papal Palace, the Palace of the Vatican and the ...
, and enters St. Peter's Square in a huge procession witnessed by about 250,000 persons, thus ending nearly 60 years of self-imposed status by the papacy as Prisoner in the Vatican. * July 27 ** The Geneva Convention addresses the treatment of prisoners of war. ** The Red Crescent is adopted as an additional emblem of the League of Red Cross Societies. * July 29 - the French prime minister Raymond Poincaré resigns, and is succeeded by Aristide Briand.


August

* August 829 – German
rigid airship A rigid airship is a type of airship (or dirigible) in which the envelope is supported by an internal framework rather than by being kept in shape by the pressure of the lifting gas within the envelope, as in blimps (also called pressure ai ...
LZ 127 ''Graf Zeppelin'' makes a circumnavigation of the Northern Hemisphere eastabout out of Lakehurst, New Jersey, including the first nonstop flight of any kind across the
Pacific Ocean The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's five oceanic divisions. It extends from the Arctic Ocean in the north to the Southern Ocean (or, depending on definition, to Antarctica) in the south, and is bounded by the contine ...
(
Tokyo Tokyo (; ja, 東京, , ), officially the Tokyo Metropolis ( ja, 東京都, label=none, ), is the capital and List of cities in Japan, largest city of Japan. Formerly known as Edo, its metropolitan area () is the most populous in the world, ...
Los Angeles Los Angeles ( ; es, Los Ángeles, link=no , ), often referred to by its initials L.A., is the largest city in the state of California and the second most populous city in the United States after New York City, as well as one of the wor ...
). * August 16 – The 1929 Palestine riots break out between Palestinians and Jews in
Mandatory Palestine Mandatory Palestine ( ar, فلسطين الانتدابية '; he, פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א״י) ', where "E.Y." indicates ''’Eretz Yiśrā’ēl'', the Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity established between 1920 and 1948 i ...
, and continue until the end of the month. In total, 133 Jews and 116 Palestinians are killed. * August 20John Logie Baird's experimental 30-line television system is first transmitted, by the British Broadcasting Corporation. * August 2324 – The 1929 Hebron massacre: 65–68 Jews are killed by Palestinians and the remaining Jews are forced to leave
Hebron Hebron ( ar, الخليل or ; he, חֶבְרוֹן ) is a State of Palestine, Palestinian. city in the southern West Bank, south of Jerusalem. Nestled in the Judaean Mountains, it lies Above mean sea level, above sea level. The second-lar ...
. *
August 29 Events Pre-1600 * 708 – Copper coins are minted in Japan for the first time (Traditional Japanese date: August 10, 708). * 870 – The city of Melite surrenders to an Aghlabid army following a siege, putting an end to Byzanti ...
** The
1929 Safed massacre The 1929 Palestine riots, Buraq Uprising ( ar, ثورة البراق, ) or the Events of 1929 ( he, מאורעות תרפ"ט, , ''lit.'' Events of 5689 Anno Mundi), was a series of demonstrations and riots in late August 1929 in which a longst ...
: 18–20 Jews are killed in
Safed Safed (known in Hebrew as Tzfat; Sephardic Hebrew & Modern Hebrew: צְפַת ''Tsfat'', Ashkenazi Hebrew: ''Tzfas'', Biblical Hebrew: ''Ṣǝp̄aṯ''; ar, صفد, ''Ṣafad''), is a city in the Northern District of Israel. Located at an elevat ...
by Palestinian Arabs. ** The collides with the oil tanker ''S.C.T. Dodd'' off the
California California is a state in the Western United States, located along the Pacific Coast. With nearly 39.2million residents across a total area of approximately , it is the most populous U.S. state and the 3rd largest by area. It is also the ...
coast, causing the ''San Juan'' to sink in 3 minutes, killing 77 people. *
August 31 Events Pre-1600 * 1056 – After a sudden illness a few days previously, Byzantine Empress Theodora dies childless, thus ending the Macedonian dynasty. *1057 – Abdication of Byzantine Emperor Michael VI Bringas after just one year ...
– The Young Plan, which sets the total
World War I reparations Following the ratification of article 231 of the Treaty of Versailles at the conclusion of World War I, the Central Powers were made to give war reparations to the Allied Powers. Each of the defeated powers was required to make payments in eit ...
owed by Germany at US$26,350,000,000 to be paid over a period of 58½ years, is finalized.


September

*
September 3 Events Pre-1600 * 36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 __NOTOC__ Year 301 (Ro ...
– The
Dow Jones Industrial Average The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), Dow Jones, or simply the Dow (), is a stock market index of 30 prominent companies listed on stock exchanges in the United States. The DJIA is one of the oldest and most commonly followed equity indexe ...
peaks at 381.17, a height it would not reach again until November 1954. * September 5Aristide Briand presents his plan for the ''United States of Europe''. * September 7 – The steamship SS ''Kuru'' sank in Lake Näsijärvi near
Tampere Tampere ( , , ; sv, Tammerfors, ) is a city A city is a human settlement of notable size.Goodall, B. (1987) ''The Penguin Dictionary of Human Geography''. London: Penguin.Kuper, A. and Kuper, J., eds (1996) ''The Social Science Encyclo ...
,
Finland Finland ( fi, Suomi ; sv, Finland ), officially the Republic of Finland (; ), is a Nordic country in Northern Europe. It shares land borders with Sweden to the northwest, Norway to the north, and Russia to the east, with the Gulf of Bo ...
, leading to 138 people drowning. * September 17 – A coup ousts Augustinas Voldemaras from his Prime Minister position in Lithuania; he is replaced by the brother-in-law of President Antanas Smetona, Juozas Tūbelis. * September 30Fritz von Opel pilots the first rocket-powered aircraft, the
Opel RAK.1 The Opel RAK.1 (also known as the Opel RAK.3) was the world's first purpose-built rocket-powered aircraft. It was designed and built by Julius Hatry under commission from Fritz von Opel, who flew it on September 30, 1929 in front of a large crowd ...
, in front of a large crowd in
Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (; Hessian dialects, Hessian: , "Franks, Frank ford (crossing), ford on the Main (river), Main"), is the most populous city in the States of Germany, German state of Hesse. Its 791,000 inhabitants as o ...
.


October

* October 3 – The country officially known as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes changes its name to
Kingdom of Yugoslavia The Kingdom of Yugoslavia ( sh-Latn-Cyrl, separator=" / ", Kraljevina Jugoslavija, Краљевина Југославија; sl, Kraljevina Jugoslavija) was a state in Southeast and Central Europe that existed from 1918 until 1941. From 1918 ...
. * October 6Serie A, the top-class professional football league of
Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical ...
, replaces the Divisione Nazionale. * October 121929 Australian federal election: The Labor Party, led by James Scullin, defeats the
Nationalist Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the State (polity), state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a in-group and out-group, group of peo ...
/
Country A country is a distinct part of the world, such as a state, nation, or other political entity. It may be a sovereign state or make up one part of a larger state. For example, the country of Japan is an independent, sovereign state, whil ...
Coalition
Government A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government ...
, led by
Prime Minister A prime minister, premier or chief of cabinet is the head of the cabinet and the leader of the ministers in the executive branch of government, often in a parliamentary or semi-presidential system. Under those systems, a prime minister is ...
Stanley Bruce. Scullin will be sworn in on October 22. Notably, this is the first occasion in Australian political history where a sitting Prime Minister loses his own seat (the second being John Howard in
2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
). *
October 13 Events Pre-1600 * 54 – Roman emperor Claudius dies from poisoning under mysterious circumstances. He is succeeded by his adoptive son Nero, rather than by Britannicus, his son with Messalina. * 409 – Vandals and Alans cross the ...
Afghan Civil War War in Afghanistan, Afghan war, or Afghan civil war may refer to: *Conquest of Afghanistan by Alexander the Great (330 BC – 327 BC) *Muslim conquests of Afghanistan (637–709) *Conquest of Afghanistan by the Mongol Empire (13th century), see als ...
ends. * October 18 – On appeal from the
Supreme Court of Canada The Supreme Court of Canada (SCC; french: Cour suprême du Canada, CSC) is the highest court in the judicial system of Canada. It comprises nine justices, whose decisions are the ultimate application of Canadian law, and grants permission to ...
on behalf of " The Famous Five" Canadian women in the landmark case of '' Edwards v. Canada (Attorney General)'', the
Judicial Committee of the Privy Council The Judicial Committee of the Privy Council (JCPC) is the highest court of appeal for the Crown Dependencies, the British Overseas Territories, some Commonwealth countries and a few institutions in the United Kingdom. Established on 14 Augus ...
in the United Kingdom announces that women are "persons" under the British North America Acts, and thus eligible for appointment to the
Senate of Canada The Senate of Canada (french: region=CA, Sénat du Canada) is the upper house of the Parliament of Canada. Together with the Crown and the House of Commons, they comprise the bicameral legislature of Canada. The Senate is modelled after the ...
. * October 22 – The government of Aristide Briand falls in France. * October 2429
Wall Street Crash of 1929 The Wall Street Crash of 1929, also known as the Great Crash, was a major American stock market crash that occurred in the autumn of 1929. It started in September and ended late in October, when share prices on the New York Stock Exchange coll ...
: Three multi-digit percentage drops wipe out more than $30 billion from the New York Stock Exchange (10 times greater than the annual budget of the federal government). * October 25 – Former U.S. Interior Secretary Albert B. Fall is convicted of
bribery Bribery is the offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of any item of value to influence the actions of an official, or other person, in charge of a public or legal duty. With regard to governmental operations, essentially, bribery is "Co ...
for his role in the Teapot Dome scandal, becoming the first Presidential cabinet member to go to prison for actions in office.


November

* NovemberVladimir Zworykin takes out the first patent for color television. * November 1 ** An annual solar eclipse is seen over the Atlantic Ocean and Africa. ** Conscription in Australia ends. * November 7 – In New York City, the
Museum of Modern Art The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) is an art museum located in Midtown Manhattan, New York City, on 53rd Street (Manhattan), 53rd Street between Fifth Avenue, Fifth and Sixth Avenues. It plays a major role in developing and collecting modern art, ...
(MoMA) opens to the public. The first exhibition ''Cézanne, Gauguin, van Gogh and Seurat'' (November 7 – December 7) is seen by 47.000 visitors; the curator is Alfred H. Barr. * November 15 – ''
Atlantic The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceans, with an area of about . It covers approximately 20% of Earth's surface and about 29% of its water surface area. It is known to separate the "Old World" of Africa, Europe an ...
'', a film about the sinking of the RMS ''Titanic'', is released in the U.K., the first British sound-on-film movie and, in its simultaneously-shot German-language version, the first to be released in Germany. * November 18 – The
1929 Grand Banks earthquake The 1929 Grand Banks earthquake (also called the Laurentian Slope earthquake and the South Shore Disaster) occurred on November 18, 1929. The shock had a moment magnitude of 7.2 and a maximum Rossi–Forel intensity of VI (''Strong tremor'') and ...
occurs. * November 29Bernt Balchen, U.S. Admiral Richard Byrd, Captain Ashley McKinley and Harold June become the first to fly over the
South Pole The South Pole, also known as the Geographic South Pole, Terrestrial South Pole or 90th Parallel South, is one of the two points where Earth's axis of rotation intersects its surface. It is the southernmost point on Earth and lies antipod ...
.


December

* DecemberNew York toy salesman Edwin S. Lowe popularizes Bingo after coming across the game of "Beano" in
Atlanta Atlanta ( ) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Georgia. It is the seat of Fulton County, the most populous county in Georgia, but its territory falls in both Fulton and DeKalb counties. With a population of 498,71 ...
, Georgia. After someone accidentally yells "bingo" instead of "beano" with a group of friends in Brooklyn, New York, he begins production of the game, going on to develop more than 6,000 card combinations under the E. S. Lowe company, as the popularity of the game grows to become a national pastime. * December 27 – Soviet General Secretary
Joseph Stalin Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Georgian revolutionary and Soviet political leader who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953. He held power as General Secreta ...
orders the "liquidation of the kulaks as a class". * December 28 – " Black Saturday" in
Samoa Samoa, officially the Independent State of Samoa; sm, Sāmoa, and until 1997 known as Western Samoa, is a Polynesian island country consisting of two main islands (Savai'i and Upolu); two smaller, inhabited islands (Manono Island, Manono an ...
: New Zealand colonial police kill 11 unarmed demonstrators, an event which leads the Mau movement to demand independence for Samoa. *
December 29 Events Pre-1600 *1170 – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. ...
– The All India Congress in
Lahore Lahore ( ; pnb, ; ur, ) is the second most populous city in Pakistan after Karachi and 26th most populous city in the world, with a population of over 13 million. It is the capital of the province of Punjab where it is the largest ...
demands Indian
independence Independence is a condition of a person, nation, country, or state in which residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over its territory. The opposite of independence is the s ...
.


Births


January

*
January 1 January 1 or 1 January is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. There are 364 days remaining until the end of the year (365 in leap years). This day is also known as New Year's Day since the day marks the beginning of the year. ...
**
Haruo Nakajima was a Japanese actor best known for playing Godzilla in 12 consecutive films, starting from the original '' Godzilla'' (1954) until '' Godzilla vs. Gigan'' (1972). He also played various other giant monsters in ''kaiju'' films, including '' Mot ...
, Japanese actor (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) **
Latif-ur-Rehman Latif-ur Rehman (1 January 1929 – 27 February 1987), also known as Latifur Rehman, was a field hockey player who competed internationally for India and Pakistan. He won a gold medal as a member of India's team at the 1948 Summer Olympics a ...
, Indian field hockey player (d. 1987) * January 2
Tellervo Koivisto Taimi Tellervo Koivisto ( Kankaanranta; born 2 January 1929), is a Finnish politician and the former First Lady of Finland from 1982 to 1994. Koivisto is the widow of the 9th President of Finland Mauno Koivisto and a former member of the Finnish ...
, Finnish politician and First Lady of Finland * January 3 ** Sergio Leone, Italian director (d. 1989) ** Gordon Moore, American computing entrepreneur *
January 4 Events Pre-1600 *46 BC – Julius Caesar fights Titus Labienus in the Battle of Ruspina. * 871 – Battle of Reading: Æthelred of Wessex and his brother Alfred are defeated by a Danish invasion army. 1601–1900 *1649 – E ...
Günter Schabowski, official of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (d. 2015) * January 5Alexandre Jany, French swimmer and water polo player (d.
2001 The September 11 attacks against the United States by Al-Qaeda, which killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror, were a defining event of 2001. The United States led a multi-national coalition in an invasion of Afghanistan ...
) * January 7Terry Moore, American actress * January 8Saeed Jaffrey, Indian-born actor (d. 2015) * January 9
Brian Friel Brian Patrick Friel (c. 9 January 1929 – 2 October 2015) was an Irish dramatist, short story writer and founder of the Field Day Theatre Company. He had been considered one of the greatest living English-language dramatists. (subscription req ...
, Irish dramatist (d. 2015) *
January 11 Events Pre-1600 * 532 – Nika riots in Constantinople: A quarrel between supporters of different chariot teams—the Blues and the Greens—in the Hippodrome escalates into violence. * 630 – Conquest of Mecca: The prophet Muham ...
** Nureddin al-Atassi, Syrian philatelist, 54th Prime Minister of Syria and 17th President of Syria (d. 1992) ** Wanda Wiłkomirska, Polish violinist and teacher (d. 2018) *
January 12 Events Pre-1600 * 475 – Byzantine Emperor Zeno is forced to flee his capital at Constantinople, and his general, Basiliscus gains control of the empire. *1528 – Gustav I of Sweden is crowned King of Sweden, having already reig ...
**
Irena Homola-Skąpska Irena Homola-Skąpska (12 January 1929 – 4 March 2017, Kraków) was a Polish historian. She graduated from the Jagiellonian University in 1951. In 1989, she was appointed professor. She collaborated with Polski Słownik Biograficzny since 1955. ...
, Polish historian (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Alasdair MacIntyre, Scottish philosopher ** Jaakko Hintikka, Finnish philosopher, logician (d. 2015) * January 15Martin Luther King Jr., African-American civil rights leader, Nobel laureate (d.
1968 The year was highlighted by Protests of 1968, protests and other unrests that occurred worldwide. Events January–February * January 5 – "Prague Spring": Alexander Dubček is chosen as leader of the Communist Party of Czechos ...
) *
January 17 Events Pre-1600 *38 BC – Octavian divorces his wife Scribonia and marries Livia Drusilla, ending the fragile peace between the Second Triumvirate and Sextus Pompey. *1362 – Saint Marcellus' flood kills at least 25,000 people o ...
** Tan Boon Teik, Attorney-General of Singapore (d.
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
) ** Jacques Plante, Canadian hockey player (d. 1986) *
January 19 Events Pre-1600 * 379 – Emperor Gratian elevates Flavius Theodosius at Sirmium to ''Augustus'', and gives him authority over all the eastern provinces of the Roman Empire. * 649 – Conquest of Kucha: The forces of Kucha surrender ...
**
Edmundo Abaya Edmundo Madarang Abaya (19 January 1929 – 20 September 2018) was a Filipino Catholic archbishop. Abaya was born in the Philippines and was ordained to the priesthood in 1953. He served as bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Laoag, Philippin ...
, Filipino Catholic archbishop (d. 2018) **
Carl-Ebbe Andersen Carl-Ebbe Andersen (19 January 1929 – 14 June 2009) was a Danish rower who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics. He was born in Roskilde. In 1948 he was the coxswain The coxswain ( , or ) is the person in charge of a boat, particularly its ...
, Danish rower (d. 2009) *
January 20 Events Pre-1600 * 250 – Pope Fabian is martyred during the Decian persecution. * 649 – King Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, crowns his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom. *1156 &nda ...
** Jimmy Cobb, American jazz drummer (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) **
Masaharu Kawakatsu is a Japanese zoologist known for his studies on the taxonomy and ecology of planarians. Life Masaharu Kawakatsu was born in 1929 in the Asahi village, Kameoka town, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan, son of Masakazu Kawakatsu, a squire of the vil ...
, Japanese zoologist *
January 23 Events Pre-1600 * 393 – Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor. * 971 – Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao. * 1264 &n ...
** Patriarch Filaret, former Patriarch of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church – Kiev Patriarchate ** John Charles Polanyi, Canadian chemist, Nobel laureate * January 25
Benny Golson Benny Golson (born January 25, 1929) is an American bebop/ hard bop jazz tenor saxophonist, composer, and arranger. He came to prominence with the big bands of Lionel Hampton and Dizzy Gillespie, more as a writer than a performer, before launc ...
, American jazz musician *
January 26 Events Pre-1600 * 661 – The Rashidun Caliphate is effectively ended with the assassination of Ali, the last caliph. *1531 – The 6.4–7.1 Lisbon earthquake kills about thirty thousand people. *1564 – The Council of Trent ...
**
Jules Feiffer Jules Ralph Feiffer (born January 26, 1929)''Comics Buyer's Guide'' #1650; February 2009; Page 107 is an American cartoonist and author, who was considered the most widely read satirist in the country. He won the Pulitzer Prize in 1986 as North ...
, American cartoonist and author **
Sumiteru Taniguchi was a survivor of the 1945 atomic bombing of Nagasaki, a prominent activist for a treaty prohibiting nuclear weapons, and chairman of the Nagasaki Council of A-Bomb Sufferers. Early life Taniguchi Sumiteru was born in Fukuoka, Japan in 1929. ...
, Japanese anti-nuclear weapons activist (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) *
January 27 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – Trajan succeeds his adoptive father Nerva as Roman emperor; under his rule the Roman Empire will reach its maximum extent. * 945 – The co-emperors Stephen and Constantine are overthrown and forced to b ...
** Mohamed Al-Fayed, Egyptian business magnate ** Hans Berliner, American chess player, writer and professor (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Barbara York Main, Australian arachnologist and adjunct professor (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Richard Ottinger, American politician *
January 28 Events Pre-1600 * 98 – On the death of Nerva, Trajan is declared Roman emperor in Cologne, the seat of his government in lower Germany. * 814 – The death of Charlemagne, the first Holy Roman Emperor, brings about the accession ...
** Acker Bilk, English jazz clarinetist (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) ** Edith M. Flanigen, American chemist **
Ali Mirzaei Ali Mirzaei (Persian: علی میرزایی) may refer to * Ali Mirzaei (footballer) (born 1942), Iranian football player * Ali Mirzaei (politician) (born 1949), Iranian politician, journalist and football administrator *Ali Mirzaei (weightlifter) ...
, Iranian weightlifter (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) **
Claes Oldenburg Claes Oldenburg (January 28, 1929 – July 18, 2022) was a Swedish-born American sculptor, best known for his public art installations typically featuring large replicas of everyday objects. Another theme in his work is soft sculpture versions ...
, Swedish-born American sculptor ('' Clothespin'') (d. 2022) *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...
** Isamu Akasaki, Japanese physicist and Nobel laureate (d. 2021) ** Jacqueline van Maarsen, Dutch writer *
January 31 Events Pre-1600 * 314 – Pope Sylvester I is consecrated, as successor to the late Pope Miltiades. *1208 – The Battle of Lena takes place between King Sverker II of Sweden and his rival, Prince Eric, whose victory puts him on the ...
**
Rudolf Mössbauer Rudolf Ludwig Mössbauer (German spelling: ''Mößbauer''; ; 31 January 1929 – 14 September 2011) was a German physicist best known for his 1957 discovery of ''recoilless nuclear resonance fluorescence'' for which he was awarded the 1961 Nobe ...
, German physicist and Nobel laureate (d. 2011) **
Jean Simmons Jean Merilyn Simmons, (31 January 1929 – 22 January 2010) was a British actress and singer. One of J. Arthur Rank's "well-spoken young starlets", she appeared predominantly in films, beginning with those made in Great Britain during and afte ...
, English-American actress (d. 2010)


February

* February 1Basilio Lami Dozo, Argentine dictator (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) * February 2Věra Chytilová, Czech director (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) *
February 5 Events Pre-1600 *AD 62, 62 – AD 62 Pompeii earthquake, Earthquake in Pompeii, Italy. *1576 – Henry IV of France, Henry of Navarre :wikt:abjure, abjures Catholicism at Tours and rejoins the Protestant forces in the French Wars of Re ...
** Hal Blaine, American drummer and session musician (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Luc Ferrari, French composer (d. 2005) ** Fred Sinowatz, 18th Chancellor of Austria (d. 2008) * February 6 ** Sixten Jernberg, Swedish Olympic cross-country skier (d.
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
) ** Pierre Brice, French actor (d. 2015) *
February 10 Events Pre-1600 * 1258 – Mongol invasions: Baghdad falls to the Mongols, bringing the Islamic Golden Age to an end. *1306 – In front of the high altar of Greyfriars Church in Dumfries, Robert the Bruce murders John Comyn, sparki ...
** Hallgeir Brenden, Norwegian Olympic cross-country skier (d.
2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
) **
Jerry Goldsmith Jerrald King Goldsmith (February 10, 1929July 21, 2004) was an American composer and conductor known for his work in film and television scoring. He composed scores for five films in the ''Star Trek'' franchise and three in the ''Rambo'' franch ...
, American composer, conductor (d.
2004 2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO). Events January * January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 60 ...
) *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
Gunvor Pontén, Swedish actress *
February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Lo ...
Vic Morrow, American actor and director (d.
1982 Events January * January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00). * January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street Bridge in Washington, D.C., Un ...
) *
February 15 Events Pre-1600 * 438 – Roman emperor Theodosius II publishes the law codex Codex Theodosianus * 590 – Khosrau II is crowned king of Persia. * 706 – Byzantine emperor Justinian II has his predecessors Leontios and Ti ...
** Graham Hill, English racing driver (d.
1975 It was also declared the ''International Women's Year'' by the United Nations and the European Architectural Heritage Year by the Council of Europe. Events January * January 1 - Watergate scandal (United States): John N. Mitchell, H. R. ...
) **
Kauko Armas Nieminen Kauko Armas Nieminen (15 February 1929 – 2010) was a Finnish self-taught physicist. Nieminen was born in Kuopio Kuopio (, ) is a Finnish city and municipality located in the region of Northern Savonia. It has a population of , which makes i ...
, Finnish physicist (d. 2010) ** Ibrahim Abu-Lughod, Palestinian academic (d.
2001 The September 11 attacks against the United States by Al-Qaeda, which killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror, were a defining event of 2001. The United States led a multi-national coalition in an invasion of Afghanistan ...
) ** James Schlesinger, American politician (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) *
February 16 Events Pre-1600 *1249 – Andrew of Longjumeau is dispatched by Louis IX of France as his ambassador to meet with the Khagan of the Mongol Empire. *1270 – Grand Duchy of Lithuania defeats the Livonian Order in the Battle of Karuse. ...
Kazimierz Kutz, Polish film director and politician (d. 2018) *
February 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1370 – Northern Crusades: Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Teutonic Knights meet in the Battle of Rudau. * 1411 – Following the successful campaigns during the Ottoman Interregnum, Musa Çelebi, one of the sons ...
** Paul Meger, Canadian ice hockey player (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Alejandro Jodorowsky, Chilean-French director and screenwriter ** Patricia Routledge, English actress, singer *
February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. *1268 &nd ...
** Roland Minson, American basketball player and coach (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) **
Len Deighton Leonard Cyril Deighton (; born 18 February 1929) is a British author. His publications have included cookery books, history and military history, but he is best known for his spy novels. After completing his national service in the Royal Air F ...
, British author *
February 21 Events Pre-1600 *452 or 453 – Severianus, Bishop of Scythopolis, is martyred in Palestine. *1245 – Thomas, the first known Bishop of Finland, is granted resignation after confessing to torture and forgery. * 1440 – The ...
Chespirito (Roberto Gómez Bolaños), Mexican actor, comedian (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * February 22 ** James Hong, Chinese American actor, director **
Miloš Radulović Miloš Radulović ( sr-Cyrl, Милош Радуловић; born 23 February 1990) is a Montenegrin footballer who plays as a defender for FK Internacional. He played with FK Napredak Kruševac in the 2014–15 Serbian SuperLiga, before moving ...
, President of Yugoslavia (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Rebecca Schull, American actress *
February 23 Events Pre-1600 * 303 – Roman emperor Diocletian orders the destruction of the Christian church in Nicomedia, beginning eight years of Diocletianic Persecution. * 532 – Byzantine emperor Justinian I lays the foundation stone of a ...
Patriarch Alexy II of Russia Patriarch Alexy II (or Alexius II, russian: link=no, Патриарх Алексий II; secular name Aleksei Mikhailovich Ridiger russian: link=no, Алексе́й Миха́йлович Ри́дигер; 23 February 1929 – 5 December ...
(d. 2008) *
February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene Christianity, Nicene bishops with Arianism, Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. *1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of ...
**
Nils Petter Sundgren Nils Henrik Christian Sundgren, known as Nils Petter Sundgren, (24 February 1929 – 30 December 2019) was a Swedish film critic and television presenter for '' Filmkrönikan'' broadcast on SVT. References External links 1929 births ...
, Swedish film critic and television presenter (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Zdzisław Beksiński, Polish surrealist painter (d. 2005) ** Modesta Lavana, Mexican healer and activist for indigenous rights in Hueyapan (d. 2010) *
February 26 Events Pre-1600 * 747 BC – According to Ptolemy, the epoch (origin) of the Nabonassar Era began at noon on this date. Historians use this to establish the modern BC chronology for dating historic events. * 364 – Valentinian I is ...
** Ina'am Al-Mufti, Jordanian politician (d. 2018) ** Paolo Ferrari, Italian actor (d. 2018) * February 27Rube Bjorkman, American ice hockey player and coach * February 28 ** Hayden Fry, American football player and coach (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) **
Frank Gehry Frank Owen Gehry, , FAIA (; ; born ) is a Canadian-born American architect and designer. A number of his buildings, including his private residence in Santa Monica, California, have become world-renowned attractions. His works are considere ...
, Canadian-born American architect **
Rangaswamy Srinivasan Rangaswamy Srinivasan (born February 28, 1929 in Madras, India) is a physical chemist and inventor with a 30-year career at IBM Research. He has developed techniques for ablative photodecomposition and used them to contribute to the development of ...
, Indian-American physical chemist and inventor


March

*
March 1 Events Pre-1600 *509 BC – Publius Valerius Publicola celebrates the first triumph of the Roman Republic after his victory over the deposed king Lucius Tarquinius Superbus at the Battle of Silva Arsia. * 293 – Emperor Diocletian and ...
Georgi Markov, Bulgarian dissident (d. 1978) *
March 4 Events Pre-1600 *AD 51 – Nero, later to become Roman emperor, is given the title ''princeps iuventutis'' (head of the youth). * 306 – Martyrdom of Saint Adrian of Nicomedia. * 852 – Croatian Knez (title), Knez Trpimir I of Cr ...
**
Columba Domínguez Columba Domínguez Alarid (March 4, 1929 – August 13, 2014) was a Mexican actress, singer, and painter. She is remembered particularly for her performance in the film ''Pueblerina'' (1949). Biography Early life Columba Domínguez Alarid was bo ...
, Mexican actress (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) ** Cyril Robinson, English footballer (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Bernard Haitink, Dutch conductor (d. 2021) * March 6 ** Fazil Iskander, Abkhaz writer (d. 2016) ** Ho Dam, North Korean politician (d.
1991 File:1991 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: Boris Yeltsin, elected as Russia's first president, waves the new flag of Russia after the 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, orchestrated by Soviet hardliners; Mount Pinatubo erupts in the ...
) ** Günter Kunert, German writer (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) *
March 8 Events Pre-1600 *1010 – Ferdowsi completes his epic poem ''Shahnameh''. * 1126 – Following the death of his mother, queen Urraca of León, Alfonso VII is proclaimed king of León. *1262 – Battle of Hausbergen between bo ...
Hebe Camargo, Brazilian television presenter, actress and singer (d.
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
) * March 9 ** Desmond Hoyte, 3rd Prime Minister of Guyana, 4th President of Guyana (d. 2002) **
Zillur Rahman Mohammed Zillur Rahman (9 March 1929 – 20 March 2013) was the President of Bangladesh from 2009 to 2013. He was also a senior presidium member of the Awami League. He is the third president of Bangladesh, after Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and Zi ...
, President of Bangladesh (d.
2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment ...
) * March 10Lolita Rodrigues, Brazilian actress and presenter *
March 13 Events Pre-1600 *624 – The Battle of Badr, the first major battle between the Muslims and Quraysh. * 1567 – The Battle of Oosterweel, traditionally regarded as the start of the Eighty Years' War. * 1591 – At the Battle of ...
Paek Nam-sun, North Korean Minister of Foreign Affairs (d.
2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
) *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 *474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 – ...
Cecil Taylor, African-American jazz pianist, composer, and poet (d. 2018) *
March 16 Events Pre-1600 * 934 – Meng Zhixiang declares himself emperor and establishes Later Shu as a new state independent of Later Tang. *1190 – Massacre of Jews at Clifford's Tower, York. *1244 – Over 200 Cathars who refuse ...
**
Gennady Bukharin Gennady Ivanovich Bukharin (russian: Геннадий Иванович Бухарин; 16 March 1929 – 3 November 2020) was a Russian Soviet sprint canoeist Canoe sprint is a water sport in which athletes race canoes or kayaks on calm wa ...
, Soviet Olympic canoeist (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) ** Nadja Tiller, Austrian actress *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. *1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
Christa Wolf, German literary critic, novelist, and essayist (d. 2011) *
March 22 Events Pre-1600 *106 – Start of the Bostran era, the calendar of the province of Arabia Petraea. * 235 – Roman emperor Severus Alexander is murdered, marking the start of the Crisis of the Third Century. * 871 – Æthelr ...
** Yayoi Kusama, Japanese contemporary artist ** P. Ramlee, Malaysian film actor, director, singer, songwriter, composer, and producer (d. 1973) *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
Sir Roger Bannister, British athlete (d. 2018) *
March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. *1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
** Richard Lewontin, American biologist, geneticist and academic (d. 2021) ** Lennart Meri, President of Estonia (d. 2006) ** Olga Tass, Hungarian Olympic gymnast (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
)


April

*
April 1 Events Pre-1600 * 33 – According to one historian's account, Jesus Christ's Last Supper is held. * 527 – Byzantine Emperor Justin I names his nephew Justinian I as co-ruler and successor to the throne. * 1081 – Alexios ...
Milan Kundera Milan Kundera (, ; born 1 April 1929) is a Czech writer who went into exile in France in 1975, becoming a naturalised French citizen in 1981. Kundera's Czechoslovak citizenship was revoked in 1979, then conferred again in 2019. He "sees himsel ...
, Czech writer * April 3Poul Schlüter, Danish politician (d. 2021) * April 5 ** Lucina da Costa Gomez-Matheeuws, Dutch Antillean politician (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Ivar Giaever, Norwegian physicist and Nobel Prize laureate ** Nigel Hawthorne, English actor (d.
2001 The September 11 attacks against the United States by Al-Qaeda, which killed 2,977 people and instigated the global war on terror, were a defining event of 2001. The United States led a multi-national coalition in an invasion of Afghanistan ...
) ** Joe Meek, English record producer, sound engineer, and songwriter (d. 1967) * April 6 **
André Previn André George Previn (; born Andreas Ludwig Priwin; April 6, 1929 – February 28, 2019) was a German-American pianist, composer, and conductor. His career had three major genres: Hollywood films, jazz, and classical music. In each he achieve ...
, German-American pianist, conductor and composer (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Christos Sartzetakis, Greek politician (d. 2022) *
April 7 Events Pre-1600 * 451 – Attila the Hun captures Metz in France, killing most of its inhabitants and burning the town. * 529 – First '' Corpus Juris Civilis'', a fundamental work in jurisprudence, is issued by Eastern Roman Emp ...
Madavoor Vasudevan Nair, Indian Kathakali dancer (d. 2018) * April 8
Jacques Brel Jacques Romain Georges Brel (, ; 8 April 1929 – 9 October 1978) was a Belgian singer and actor who composed and performed literate, thoughtful, and theatrical songs that generated a large, devoted following—initially in Belgium and France, l ...
, Belgian singer (d. 1978) * April 9Fred Hollows, New Zealand-Australian ophthalmologist (d.
1993 File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The Russian White House is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis; Czechoslovakia is peace ...
) * April 10 ** Duje Bonačić, Croatian rower (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) ** Mike Hawthorn, British racing driver (d. 1959) ** Max von Sydow, Swedish actor (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) * April 13
Yvonne Clark Yvonne Y. Clark (born Georgianna Yvonne Young; April 13, 1929 – January 27, 2019) was a pioneer for African-American and women engineers. She was the first woman to get a Bachelor of Science degree in mechanical engineering at Howard Universi ...
, American engineer (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) *
April 14 Events Pre-1600 *43 BC – Legions loyal to the Roman Senate, commanded by Gaius Pansa, defeat the forces of Mark Antony in the Battle of Forum Gallorum. * 69 – Vitellius, commanding Rhine-based armies, defeats Roman emperor Ot ...
**
Gerry Anderson Gerald Alexander Anderson (; 14 April 1929 – 26 December 2012) was an English television and film producer, director, writer and occasional voice artist. He remains famous for his futuristic television programmes, especially his 1960s produ ...
, English television, film producer, director and writer, ('' Thunderbirds'') (d.
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
) ** Paavo Berglund, Finnish conductor, violinist (d.
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
) ** Chadli Bendjedid, 3rd President of Algeria (d.
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
) *
April 17 Events Pre-1600 * 1080 – Harald III of Denmark dies and is succeeded by Canute IV, who would later be the first Dane to be canonized. *1349 – The rule of the Bavand dynasty in Mazandaran is brought to an end by the murder of H ...
James Last, German composer and bandleader (d. 2015) * April 21 **
Estrella Zeledón Lizano Estrella Zeledón Lizano (April 21, 1929 – April 10, 2019) was a Costa Rican public figure who served as the First Lady of Costa Rica from 1978 to 1982 during the presidency of her husband, Rodrigo Carazo Odio. She also served on the Executive ...
, Costa Rican politician, First Lady (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) **
Bevin Hough William Bevin Keith Hough (21 April 1929 – 25 November 2019) was a New Zealand sportsman who represented New Zealand in rugby league and the long jump. Early life and family Hough was born on 21 April 1929 in the Auckland suburb of Ponsonb ...
, New Zealand sportsman (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * April 22 ** Michael Atiyah, British-Lebanese mathematician (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** John Nicks, English figure skater and skating coach *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
**
Shammi Shammi, Shammy or Shamy may refer to: People Given name * Shammi (actress) (1929–2018), Indian film actress *Shammi Akhtar (1957–2018), Bangladeshi playback singer * Shammi Iqbal (born 1975), English cricketer * Shammi Kapoor (1931–2011), I ...
, Indian actress (d. 2018) ** Rajkumar, Indian actor and singer (d. 2006) * April 25
Abderrahmane Mahjoub Abderrahmane Mahjoub or Abderrahmane Belmahjoub ( ar, عبد الرحمن بلمحجوب; 25 April 1929 – 31 August 2011) was a French and Moroccan international football midfielder. Known as ''Prince du Parc'' (Prince of the Park) in his pl ...
, French and Moroccan international football (soccer) midfielder (d. 2011) * April 26Alexandre Lamfalussy, Hungarian-Belgian economist and central banker (d. 2015) * April 28Evangelina Elizondo, Mexican actress (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) * April 30Klausjürgen Wussow, German actor (d.
2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
)


May

* May 1Ralf Dahrendorf, Anglo-German sociologist (d. 2009) * May 2 ** Eddie Garcia, Filipino actor and director (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Link Wray, American rock and roll musician (d. 2005) **
Édouard Balladur Édouard Balladur (; born 2 May 1929) is a French politician who served as Prime Minister of France under François Mitterrand from 29 March 1993 to 17 May 1995. He unsuccessfully ran for president in the 1995 French presidential election, co ...
, 91st Prime Minister of France * May 3Per-Ingvar Brånemark, Swedish physician, "father of modern dental implantology" (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * May 4 ** Ronald Golias, Brazilian comedian and actor (d. 2005) **
Audrey Hepburn Audrey Hepburn (born Audrey Kathleen Ruston; 4 May 1929 – 20 January 1993) was a British actress and humanitarian. Recognised as both a film and fashion icon, she was ranked by the American Film Institute as the third-greatest female screen ...
, Belgian-born British actress and activist (d.
1993 File:1993 Events Collage.png, From left, clockwise: The Oslo I Accord is signed in an attempt to resolve the Israeli–Palestinian conflict; The Russian White House is shelled during the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis; Czechoslovakia is peace ...
) * May 5Ilene Woods, American singer, actress (d. 2010) * May 6Paul Lauterbur, American chemist and Nobel laureate (d.
2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
) * May 8 ** Girija Devi, Indian classical singer (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Miyoshi Umeki, Japanese singer, actress (d.
2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
) *
May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tan ...
** Ágnes Heller, Hungarian philosopher (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Sam Nujoma, 1st President of Namibia * May 13Ângela Maria, Brazilian singer and actress (d. 2018) * May 15Otar Patsatsia, Georgian politician (d. 2021) *
May 16 Events Pre-1600 * 946 – Emperor Suzaku abdicates the throne in favor of his brother Murakami who becomes the 62nd emperor of Japan. *1204 – Baldwin IX, Count of Flanders is crowned as the first Emperor of the Latin Empire. *1364 ...
**
Betty Carter Betty Carter (born Lillie Mae Jones; May 16, 1929 – September 26, 1998) was an American jazz singer known for her improvisational technique, scatting and other complex musical abilities that demonstrated her vocal talent and imaginative int ...
, African-American jazz singer (d.
1998 1998 was designated as the ''International Year of the Ocean''. Events January * January 6 – The ''Lunar Prospector'' spacecraft is launched into orbit around the Moon, and later finds evidence for frozen water, in soil in permanently s ...
) ** Adrienne Rich, American poet and essayist (d.
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
) *
May 20 Events Pre-1600 * 325 – The First Council of Nicaea is formally opened, starting the first ecumenical council of the Christian Church. * 491 – Empress Ariadne (empress), Ariadne marries Anastasius I Dicorus, Anastasius I. The widow ...
** Ahmed Hamdi, Egyptian soldier (d. 1973) ** Pedro Trebbau, German-born Venezuelan zoologist (d. 2021) *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 *567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. *1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
Beverly Sills, American operatic soprano, director of the
New York City Opera The New York City Opera (NYCO) is an American opera company located in Manhattan in New York City. The company has been active from 1943 through 2013 (when it filed for bankruptcy), and again since 2016 when it was revived. The opera company, du ...
(d.
2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
) * May 26 ** Ernie Carroll, Australian television personality and producer (d. 2022) ** John Jackson, English businessman ** Alfred Kunz, German-Canadian composer (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * May 29 ** Peter Higgs, British theoretical physicist and
Nobel Prize The Nobel Prizes ( ; sv, Nobelpriset ; no, Nobelprisen ) are five separate prizes that, according to Alfred Nobel's will of 1895, are awarded to "those who, during the preceding year, have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind." Alfre ...
laureate **
Dwijen Sharma Dwijen Sharma (29 May 1929 – 15 September 2017) was a Bangladeshi naturalist and science writer. He was awarded Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1987 and Ekushey Padak in 2015 by the Government of Bangladesh for his contribution in language and ...
, Bangladeshi naturalist (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) * May 30
Doina Cornea Doina Cornea (; 30 May 1929 – 3 May 2018) was a Romanian human rights activist and French language professor. She was a dissident during the communist rule of Nicolae Ceaușescu. She was co-founder of the Democratic Anti-totalitarian Forum ...
, Romanian human rights activist, professor (d. 2018) * May 31 **
Joseph Bernardo Joseph Bernardo (born 31 May 1929) is a French swimmer and Olympic medalist. He married actress and theater director Simone Turck in 1952. Career Bernardo was born in Algiers, French Algeria. He competed at the 1952 Olympic Games in ...
, French Olympic swimmer ** Menahem Golan, Israeli director and producer (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
)


June

* June 3Werner Arber, Swiss microbiologist and Nobel laureate * June 4 **
Rolf Leeser Rolf Leeser (4 June 1929 – 21 March 2018) was a German-born footballer who played for Ajax in the Netherlands from 1948 to 1954. Biography Leeser, born in Essen Essen (; Latin: ''Assindia'') is the central and, after Dortmund, second-larg ...
, Dutch footballer and fashion designer (d. 2018) ** Karolos Papoulias, President of Greece (d. 2021) ** Kapil Narayan Tiwari, Indian activist and politician (d. 2022) * June 6 ** Sunil Dutt, Hindi film actor (d. 2005) ** Albert Kalonji, Congolese politician (d. 2015) * June 7John Turner, 17th
Prime Minister of Canada The prime minister of Canada (french: premier ministre du Canada, link=no) is the head of government of Canada. Under the Westminster system, the prime minister governs with the confidence of a majority the elected House of Commons; as suc ...
(d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) * June 8Gastone Moschin, Italian actor (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) * June 10 ** Ian Sinclair, Australian politician ** E. O. Wilson, American biologist (d. 2021) ** James McDivitt, American astronaut (d. 2022) * June 12
Anne Frank Annelies Marie "Anne" Frank (, ; 12 June 1929 – )Research by The Anne Frank House in 2015 revealed that Frank may have died in February 1945 rather than in March, as Dutch authorities had long assumed"New research sheds new light on Anne Fra ...
, German-born diarist, Holocaust victim (d. 1945) *
June 13 Events Pre-1600 * 313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia. * 1325 – Ibn Battut ...
Kurt Equiluz, Austrian opera singer (d. 2022) * June 16 **
Edith Thallaug Edith Thallaug (16 June 1929 – 7 June 2020) was a Norwegian actress and opera singer. Personal life Thallaug was born in Bærum to Rolf Thallaug and Marta Marie Halvorsen, and was a sister of actress and singer Anita Thallaug. She was married ...
, Norwegian actress and opera singer (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) ** Sabah Al-Ahmad Al-Jaber Al-Sabah, Emir of Kuwait (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) *
June 18 Events Pre-1600 * 618 – Li Yuan becomes Emperor Gaozu of Tang, initiating three centuries of Tang dynasty rule over China. * 656 – Ali becomes Caliph of the Rashidun Caliphate. * 860 – Byzantine–Rus' War: A fleet of abo ...
Jürgen Habermas, German sociologist and philosopher * June 21
Ramón Luis Rivera Ramón Luis Rivera Rivera (born June 21, 1929) is a Puerto Rican politician affiliated with the New Progressive Party. He served as Mayor of Bayamón from 1977 until 2001. Early life Rivera was born in Aguas Buenas. Rivera began his primary s ...
, Puerto Rican politician * June 23 ** June Carter Cash, American singer (d.
2003 File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, disintegrated during reentry into Atmosphere of Earth, Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an 2002– ...
) **
Mario Ghella Mario Ghella (23 June 1929 – 10 February 2020) was an Italian racing cyclist and Olympic champion in track cycling. Biography Ghella was born in Chieri on 23 June 1929. He won a gold medal in the men’s individual sprint cycling event at ...
, Italian racing cyclist ** Claude Goretta, Swiss television producer, film director (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * June 24 ** Carolyn S. Shoemaker, American astronomer (d. 2021) **
Yaakov Agmon Yaakov Agmon ( he, יעקב אגמון; June 24, 1929 – December 16, 2020) was an Israeli theater producer, manager, and director. Biography Yaakov Agmon grew up in Tel Aviv, and was a member of the Hashomer Hatzair youth movement. He later m ...
, Israeli theatre producer, manager, and director (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) * June 25 **
Eric Carle Eric Carle (June 25, 1929 – May 23, 2021) was an American author, designer and illustrator of children's books. His picture book ''The Very Hungry Caterpillar'', first published in 1969, has been translated into more than 66 languages and sold ...
, American designer, illustrator, and writer (d. 2021) **
Benny Schmidt Benny Gotfred Schmidt (born 25 June 1929) is a Danish modern pentathlete. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics, where he also served as the Danish flag bearer. Biography Schmidt started as a sprinter and won the national 4×100 m title in 19 ...
, Danish modern pentathlete * June 26Milton Glaser, American graphic designer, illustrator and teacher (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) * June 27 **
H. Ian Macdonald Hugh Ian Macdonald, OC, KLJ (born June 27, 1929) is a Canadian economist, civil servant, and was President of York University from 1974 to 1984. Biography Born in Toronto, Ontario, Macdonald received a Bachelor of Commerce degree from the Univer ...
, Canadian economist and civil servant **
Gennady Osipov Gennady Vasilievich Osipov (russian: Геннадий Васильевич Осипов) (born June 27, 1929 in Ruzayevka, Mordovia) is a Russian scientist, sociologist and philosopher, Ph.D., Professor, full member (academician) of the Russia ...
, Russian scientist, sociologist and philosopher * June 28
Alfred Miodowicz Alfred Miodowicz (28 June 1929 – 17 September 2021) was a Polish politician and trade union activist. He was born in Poznań. A member of communist Polish United Workers Party, he held posts in the State National Council, Central Committee an ...
, Polish politician (d. 2021) * June 29 ** Pete George, American weightlifter (d. 2021) **
Lalla Fatima Zohra Princess Lalla Fatima Zohra (29 June 1929 – 10 August 2014) was the eldest daughter of Mohammed V of Morocco and his first wife, Lalla Hanila bint Mamoun. On 16 August 1961 (in a triple ceremony with her sisters, Aisha, Malika and their husban ...
, Moroccan aristocrat (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * June 30 ** Othmar Mága, German conductor (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) ** Ron Phoenix, English footballer (d. 2021) ** Yang Ti-liang, Hong Kong judge


July

* July 1 ** Gerald Edelman, American biologist and Nobel laureate (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) ** Jack Storey, Australian rules footballer *
July 2 Events Pre-1600 * 437 – Emperor Valentinian III begins his reign over the Western Roman Empire. His mother Galla Placidia ends her regency, but continues to exercise political influence at the court in Rome. * 626 – Li Shimin ...
** Daphne Hasenjäger, South African athlete ** Imelda Marcos, former First Lady of the Philippines * July 5 ** Chikao Ōtsuka, Japanese actor, voice actor and father of Akio Ōtsuka (d. 2015) ** Katherine Helmond, American actress (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) **
Thérèse Quentin Thérèse Quentin (5 July 1929 – 20 February 2015) was a French actress. She was married to the actor and stage director Marcel Cuvelier (1924–2015), with whom she had a daughter, actress Marie Cuvelier. Filmography * '' Les Aventurier ...
, French actress (d. 2015) * July 6 ** Hélène Carrère d'Encausse, secretary of the Académie française, historian specializing in Russian history ** Jean-Pierre Mocky, French film director, actor, screenwriter and producer (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * July 7Sergio Romano, Italian writer, journalist, and historian * July 8Héctor López, Panamanian baseball player (d. 2022) * July 9 ** Elon Lages Lima, Brazilian mathematician (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** King Hassan II of Morocco (d. 1999) ** Chi Haotian, Chinese general * July 10 ** Franco Graziosi, Italian actor (d. 2021) ** José Vicente Rangel, Venezuelan politician (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) * July 13 – Sofia Muratova, Soviet artistic gymnast (d. 2006) * July 14 ** Sonja Kastl, Croatian film and stage actress, teacher, dancer and choreographer ** Kailash Chandra Joshi, Indian politician (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Syed Rahim, Indian cricketer (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * July 17 ** Sergei K. Godunov, Russian mathematician, academic ** Arthur Frommer, American writer, publisher and consumer advocate ** Vasco Modena, Italian racing cyclist (d. 2016) * July 18 ** Dick Button, American figure skater ** A V Swamy, Indian politician (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * July 19 ** Emmanuel Le Roy Ladurie, French historian ** Ronald Melzack, Canadian physiologist and professor (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Orville Turnquest, Bahamian politician * July 20 – Irving Wardle, English writer and theatre critic * July 21 ** Birger Asplund, Swedish hammer thrower ** Idrissa Dione, French boxer ** Albert Kwesi Ocran, Ghanaian soldier, politician (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * July 22 – Midhat J. Gazalé, French international telecommunications, space consultant (d. 2009) * July 24 ** Peter Yates, English film director and producer (d. 2011) ** Paolo Paoloni, Italian actor (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * July 25 ** Vasily Shukshin, Russian actor, writer, screenwriter and film director (d. 1974) ** Somnath Chatterjee, Indian politician (d. 2018) * July 27 ** Jean Baudrillard, French sociologist, philosopher, cultural theorist and political commentator (d.
2007 File:2007 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Steve Jobs unveils Apple's first iPhone; TAM Airlines Flight 3054 overruns a runway and crashes into a gas station, killing almost 200 people; Former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto ...
) ** Jack Higgins, British novelist (d. 2022) * July 28 – Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, First Lady of the United States (d. 1994) * July 31 – Don Murray (actor), Don Murray, American actor


August

* August 1 ** Flerida Ruth Pineda-Romero, Filipino judge (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Hafizullah Amin, Afghan politician and statesman (d. 1979) * August 2 – José Afonso, Portuguese singer-songwriter, teacher and activist (d. 1987) * August 5 ** Ottó Boros, Hungarian water polo player (d. 1988) ** Nathalia Timberg, Brazilian actress * August 8 ** Ronnie Biggs, British criminal (d.
2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment ...
) ** Luis García Meza, 57th president of Bolivia (d. 2018) * August 15 – Carlo Ripa di Meana, Italian politician (d. 2018) * August 17 – Francis Gary Powers, American Lockheed U-2, U-2 spy plane pilot (d. 1977) * August 21 – Ahmed Kathrada, South African politician, political prisoner and anti-apartheid activist (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) * August 23 ** Zoltán Czibor, Hungarian footballer (d. 1997) ** Vera Miles, American actress ** Peter Thomson (golfer), Peter Thomson, Australian golfer (d. 2018) * August 24 ** Yasser Arafat, Palestinian leader, Nobel laureate (d.
2004 2004 was designated as an International Year of Rice by the United Nations, and the International Year to Commemorate the Struggle Against Slavery and its Abolition (by UNESCO). Events January * January 3 – Flash Airlines Flight 60 ...
) ** Alix, Princess of Ligne, Princess of Luxembourg (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * August 25 – Dominique Fernandez, French writer


September

* September 1 ** Maurice Vachon, "Mad Dog" Vachon, Canadian professional wrestler (d.
2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment ...
) ** Květa Fialová, Czech actress (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) *
September 3 Events Pre-1600 * 36 BC – In the Battle of Naulochus, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa, admiral of Octavian, defeats Sextus Pompey, son of Pompey, thus ending Pompeian resistance to the Second Triumvirate. * 301 __NOTOC__ Year 301 (Ro ...
– Armand Vaillancourt, Quebec, Québécois Canadians, Canadian sculptor, painter and performance artist ** Irene Papas, Greek actress and singer (d. 2022) * September 5 – Bob Newhart, American comedian and actor * September 10 – Arnold Palmer, American golfer (d. 2016) * September 15 ** John Julius Norwich, British historian, travel writer and television personality (d. 2018) ** Murray Gell-Mann, American physicist and Nobel laureate (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * September 16 ** Margarita Carrera, Guatemalan philosopher, professor and writer (d. 2018) ** Jamshid bin Abdullah, last Sultan of Zanzibar * September 17 – Stirling Moss, British Formula One racing driver (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) * September 18 – Armando (artist), Armando, Dutch artist (d. 2018) * September 19 – Luigi Taveri, Swiss motorcycle road racer (d. 2018) * September 20 – Anne Meara, American actress and comedian (d. 2015) * September 21 ** Sándor Kocsis, Hungarian football player (d. 1979) ** Bernard Williams, English philosopher (d.
2003 File:2003 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: The crew of STS-107 perished when the Space Shuttle Columbia Space Shuttle Columbia disaster, disintegrated during reentry into Atmosphere of Earth, Earth's atmosphere; SARS became an 2002– ...
) * September 22 ** Hédi Váradi, Hungarian actress (d. 1987) ** Carlo Ubbiali, Italian motorcycle road racer (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) * September 23 – Johan Claassen, South African rugby player (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * September 24 – Tunku Abdul Malik, Raja Muda of Kedah (d. 2015) * September 25 ** Barbara Walters, American journalist ** Ronnie Barker, English actor, comedian and writer (d. 2005) * September 28 ** Lata Mangeshkar, Indian singer (d. 2022) ** Nikolai Ryzhkov, Soviet and Russian politician * September 29 – Giorgio Bàrberi Squarotti, Italian academic, poet (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) * September 30 – Mir Hazar Khan Khoso, Prime Minister of Pakistan (d. 2021)


October

* October 2 – Hong Song-nam, 8th Premier of North Korea (d. 2009) * October 5 ** Yuri Artsutanov, Russian engineer (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Richard F. Gordon Jr., American astronaut (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) * October 9 – Ana Luisa Peluffo, Mexican actress * October 15 ** Hubert Dreyfus, American philosopher (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Antonino Zichichi, Italian physicist * October 16 – Fernanda Montenegro, Brazilian actress * October 18 – Violeta Chamorro, President of Nicaragua * October 21 – Ursula K. Le Guin, American science-fiction, fantasy author (d. 2018) * October 22 ** Patsy Elsener, American diver (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** Lev Yashin, Russian footballer (d. 1990) * October 24 – George Crumb, American composer (d. 2022) * October 25 – Claude Rouer, French Olympic road cyclist (d. 2021) * October 28 – Joan Plowright, English actress * October 29 – Yevgeny Primakov, Russian politician, diplomat (d. 2015) * October 31 ** Bud Spencer, Italian actor (d. 2016) ** Muktha Srinivasan, Indian film director, producer (d. 2018)


November

* November 2 ** Muhammad Rafiq Tarar, 9th president of Pakistan (d. 2022) ** Richard E. Taylor, Canadian-born physicist and Nobel laureate (d. 2018) * November 5 – Lennart Johansson, Swedish sports official and 5th president of UEFA (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * November 6 – June Squibb, American actress * November 7 – Eric R. Kandel, Austrian-born neuroscientist, Nobel laureate * November 8 – Jona Senilagakali, Prime Minister of Fiji (d. 2011) * November 9 – Imre Kertész, Hungarian writer, Nobel laureate (d. 2016) * November 10 – Ninón Sevilla, Cuban-born Mexican film actress, dancer (d. 2015) * November 12 ** Grace Kelly, American actress, later Princess of Monaco (d.
1982 Events January * January 1 – In Malaysia and Singapore, clocks are adjusted to the same time zone, UTC+8 (GMT+8.00). * January 13 – Air Florida Flight 90 crashes shortly after takeoff into the 14th Street Bridge in Washington, D.C., Un ...
) ** Michael Ende, German fantasy writer (d. 1995) ** Hind Rostom, Egyptian actress (d. 2011) * November 13 – Fred Phelps, American pastor, activist (''Westboro Baptist Church'') (d.
2014 File:2014 Events Collage.png, From top left, clockwise: Stocking up supplies and personal protective equipment (PPE) for the Western African Ebola virus epidemic; Citizens examining the ruins after the Chibok schoolgirls kidnapping; Bundles of wat ...
) * November 15 ** Ed Asner, American actor (d. 2021) ** Gombojavyn Ochirbat, Mongolian politician * November 17 – Gorō Naya, Japanese actor, voice actor, narrator and theatre director, older brother of Rokurō Naya (d.
2013 File:2013 Events Collage V2.png, From left, clockwise: Edward Snowden becomes internationally famous for leaking classified NSA wiretapping information; Typhoon Haiyan kills over 6,000 in the Philippines and Southeast Asia; The Dhaka garment ...
) * November 18 – Francisco Savín, Mexican conductor, composer (d. 2018) * November 20 – Raymond Lefèvre, French conductor, arranger, composer (d. 2008) * November 23 – Karl Svoboda (politician), Karl Svoboda, Austrian politician (d. 2022) * November 24 – Franciszek Kokot, Polish nephrologist (d. 2021) * November 28 ** Berry Gordy, African-American record producer, songwriter ** Thomas Remengesau Sr., 4th president of Palau (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * November 30 – Dick Clark, American television entertainer (d.
2012 File:2012 Events Collage V3.png, From left, clockwise: The passenger cruise ship Costa Concordia lies capsized after the Costa Concordia disaster; Damage to Casino Pier in Seaside Heights, New Jersey as a result of Hurricane Sandy; People gather ...
)


December

* December 1 – Alfred Moisiu, 7th president of Albania * December 6 ** Philippe Bouvard, French television and radio presenter ** Nikolaus Harnoncourt, Austrian conductor (d. 2016) ** Alain Tanner, Swiss film director (d. 2022) * December 9 ** Bob Hawke, 23rd Prime Minister of Australia (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) ** John Cassavetes, American actor and director (d. 1989) * December 12 – Toshiko Akiyoshi, Japanese pianist and composer * December 13 – Christopher Plummer, Canadian actor (d. 2021) * December 15 – Dina bint Abdul-Hamid, queen consort of Jordan 1955–7 (d.
2019 File:2019 collage v1.png, From top left, clockwise: Hong Kong protests turn to widespread riots and civil disobedience; House of Representatives votes to adopt articles of impeachment against Donald Trump; CRISPR gene editing first used to experim ...
) * December 16 ** Nicholas Courtney, British actor (d. 2011) ** Arthur Fitzsimons, Irish football player, manager (d. 2018) * December 17 – William Safire, American author, columnist, journalist and presidential speechwriter (d. 2009) * December 19 – David Douglas, 12th Marquess of Queensberry, Scottish potter and aristocrat * December 20 ** Selim Hoss, 3-time prime minister of Lebanon ** Lee Hyun-jae, South Korean politician ** Milan Panić, Serbian politician * December 22 – Wazir Mohammad Indian-Pakistani cricketer * December 23 ** Chet Baker, American jazz musician (d. 1988) ** Monique Watteau, Belgian writer and artist * December 26 ** Kathleen Crowley, American actress (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Taarak Mehta, Indian playwright and humorist (d.
2017 File:2017 Events Collage V2.png, From top left, clockwise: The War Against ISIS at the Battle of Mosul (2016-2017); aftermath of the Manchester Arena bombing; The Solar eclipse of August 21, 2017 ("Great American Eclipse"); North Korea tests a ser ...
) ** Régine Zylberberg, Régine, Belgian-French discothèque pioneer and singer (d. 2022) * December 27 – Tommy Rall, American actor and dancer (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
) * December 28 – Efraín Goldenberg, Peruvian politician, finance minister and foreign relations minister *
December 29 Events Pre-1600 *1170 – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. ...
** Susie Garrett, American actress (d. 2002) ** Matt "Guitar" Murphy, American blues musician (d. 2018) * December 31 – Doug Anthony, 2nd Deputy Prime Minister of Australia (d.
2020 2020 was heavily defined by the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to global social and economic disruption, mass cancellations and postponements of events, worldwide lockdowns and the largest economic recession since the Great Depression in ...
)


Date unknown

*Bernard Zoniaba, Republic of Congo, Congolese politician and writer (d. 2001)


Deaths


January

* January 5 ** Marc McDermott, Australian-born American actor (b. 1881) ** Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (1856–1929), Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (b. 1856) * January 13 – Wyatt Earp, American gunfighter (b. 1848) * January 15 – William Boyd Dawkins, Sir William Dawkins, British geologist and archaeologist (b. 1837) * January 24 – Wilfred Baddeley, English tennis player (b. 1872) *
January 30 Events Pre-1600 *1018 – Poland and the Holy Roman Empire conclude the Peace of Bautzen. *1287 – King Wareru founds the Hanthawaddy Kingdom, and proclaims independence from the Pagan Kingdom. 1601–1900 *1607 – An estimated ...
** Franklin J. Drake, American admiral (b. 1846) ** La Goulue, French dancer (b. 1866)


February

* February 3 – Jose Gutierrez Guerra, José Gutiérrez Guerra, Bolivian economist and statesman, 28th President of Bolivia (b. 1869) * February 6 – Maria Christina of Austria, Queen Regent of Spain (b. 1858) * February 7 – Édouard Hugon, French philosopher, theologian (b. 1867) *
February 11 Events Pre-1600 *660 BC – Traditional date for the foundation of Japan by Emperor Jimmu. * 55 – The death under mysterious circumstances of Tiberius Claudius Caesar Britannicus, heir to the Roman empire, on the eve of his coming ...
– Johann II, Prince of Liechtenstein (b. 1840) * February 12 – Lillie Langtry, British singer, actress (b. 1853) *
February 14 Events Pre-1600 * 748 – Abbasid Revolution: The Hashimi rebels under Abu Muslim Khorasani take Merv, capital of the Umayyad province Khorasan, marking the consolidation of the Abbasid revolt. * 842 – Charles the Bald and Lo ...
– Thomas Burke (athlete), Thomas Burke, American Olympic athlete (b. 1875) *
February 18 Events Pre-1600 * 1229 – The Sixth Crusade: Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, signs a ten-year truce with al-Kamil, regaining Jerusalem, Nazareth, and Bethlehem with neither military engagements nor support from the papacy. *1268 &nd ...
– William Russell (American actor), William Russell, American actor (b. 1884) *
February 24 Events Pre-1600 * 484 – King Huneric of the Vandals replaces Nicene Christianity, Nicene bishops with Arianism, Arian ones, and banishes some to Corsica. *1303 – The English are defeated at the Battle of Roslin, in the First War of ...
– Frank Keenan, American actor (b. 1858) * February 27 – Briton Hadden, co-founder of ''Time (magazine), Time'' Magazine (b. 1898)


March

*
March 2 Events Pre-1600 * 537 – Siege of Rome: The Ostrogoth army under king Vitiges begins the siege of the capital. Belisarius conducts a delaying action outside the Flaminian Gate; he and a detachment of his '' bucellarii'' are almost cu ...
– Edward Hobart Seymour, Sir Edward Seymour, British admiral (b. 1840) * March 5 – David Dunbar Buick, Scottish-American inventor (b. 1854) * March 12 – Asa Griggs Candler, American businessman, politician (b. 1851) *
March 15 Events Pre-1600 *474 BC – Roman consul Aulus Manlius Vulso celebrates an ovation for concluding the war against Veii and securing a forty years' truce. * 44 BC – The assassination of Julius Caesar takes place. * 493 – ...
– Pinetop Smith, African-American blues pianist (b. 1904) *
March 18 Events Pre-1600 * 37 – Roman Senate annuls Tiberius' will and proclaims Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus ''(aka Caligula = Little Boots)'' emperor.Tacitus, ''Annals'' V.10. *1068 – An earthquake in the Levant and the Ar ...
– William P. Cronan, American Naval Governor of Guam (b. 1879) * March 20 – Ferdinand Foch, French commander of Allied forces in World War I (b. 1851) *
March 23 Events Pre-1600 *1400 – The Trần dynasty of Vietnam is deposed, after one hundred and seventy-five years of rule, by Hồ Quý Ly, a court official. *1540 – Waltham Abbey is surrendered to King Henry VIII of England; the last rel ...
– Maurice Sarrail, French general (b. 1856) * March 25 – Robert Ridgway, American ornithologist (b. 1850) *
March 29 Events Pre-1600 * 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving. *1430 – The Ottoman Empire under Murad II captures Thessalonica from the Republic of ...
– Hugh John Macdonald, Sir Hugh John Macdonald, 8th premier of Manitoba (b. 1850)


April

* April 4 ** Karl Benz, German automotive pioneer (b. 1844) ** William Michael Crose, United States Navy Commander (United States), Commander, 7th List of governors of American Samoa, Naval Governor of American Samoa (b. 1867) * April 12 – Enrico Ferri (criminologist), Enrico Ferri, Italian criminologist (b. 1856) * April 22 – Henry Lerolle, French painter (b. 1848) *
April 24 Events Pre-1600 * 1479 BC – Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th dynasty). *1183 BC – Traditional reckoning of the Fall of Troy ...
– Caroline Rémy de Guebhard, French feminist (b. 1855)


May

* May 2 ** Segundo de Chomón, Spanish film director (b. 1871) ** Charalambos Tseroulis, Greek general (b. 1879) *
May 12 Events Pre-1600 * 254 – Pope Stephen I succeeds Pope Lucius I, becoming the 23rd pope of the Catholic Church, and immediately takes a stand against Novatianism. * 907 – Zhu Wen forces Emperor Ai into abdicating, ending the Tan ...
– Charles Swickard, German-American film director (b. 1861) * May 13 – Arthur Scherbius, German electrical engineer, mathematician, cryptanalyst and inventor (b. 1878) * May 21 – Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1847) * May 23 – John G. Jacobson, American businessman and politician (b. 1869) *
May 25 Events Pre-1600 *567 BC – Servius Tullius, the king of Rome, celebrates a triumph for his victory over the Etruscans. *240 BC – First recorded perihelion passage of Halley's Comet. *1085 – Alfonso VI of Castile takes Tol ...
– Ernest Monis, 56th Prime Minister of France (b. 1846)


June

* June 5 **Adolph Coors, German-American brewer (b. 1847) **Cecil Burney, Sir Cecil Burney, British admiral of the fleet (b. 1858) * June 8 – Bliss Carman, Canadian poet (b. 1861) * June 11 – William D. Boyce, American entrepreneur, founder of the Boy Scouts of America (b. 1858) * June 16 – Bramwell Booth, General of The Salvation Army (b. 1856) * June 21 – Leonard Hobhouse, British political theorist, sociologist (b. 1864) * June 24 – Queenie Newall, British Olympic archer (b. 1854) * June 26 – Amandus Adamson, Estonian sculptor (b. 1855) * June 28 – Edward Carpenter, English poet (b. 1844)


July

*
July 2 Events Pre-1600 * 437 – Emperor Valentinian III begins his reign over the Western Roman Empire. His mother Galla Placidia ends her regency, but continues to exercise political influence at the court in Rome. * 626 – Li Shimin ...
– Gladys Brockwell, American actress (b. 1893) * July 3 – Dustin Farnum, American actor (b. 1874) * July 11 – Ali Ahmad Khan, Afghan politician, emir (b. 1883) * July 12 – Robert Henri, American painter (b. 1865) * July 15 – Hugo von Hofmannsthal, Austrian writer (b. 1874)


August

* August – Mary MacLane, Canadian feminist writer (b. 1881) * August 3 ** Emile Berliner, German-born inventor (b. 1851) ** Thorstein Veblen, Norwegian-American economist (b. 1857) * August 4 – Carl Auer von Welsbach, Austrian chemist and inventor (b. 1858) * August 5 – Dame Millicent Fawcett, British suffragist, feminist (b. 1847) * August 9 – Pierre Fatou, French mathematician (b. 1878) * August 10 – Aletta Jacobs, Dutch physician and women's suffrage activist (b. 1854) * August 13 – Sir Ray Lankester, British zoologist (b. 1847) * August 14 – Henry Horne, 1st Baron Horne, British general (b. 1861) * August 19 – Sergei Diaghilev, Russian ballet impresario (b. 1872) * August 22 – Otto Liman von Sanders, German general (b. 1855) * August 26 – Sir Ernest Satow, British diplomat, scholar (b. 1843) * August 27 – Herman Potočnik, Slovenian rocket engineer (b. 1892)


September

* September 2 – Paul Leni, German filmmaker (b. 1885) * September 12 – Rainis, Latvian poet, playwright (b. 1865) * September 23 – Richard Adolf Zsigmondy, Austrian-born chemist, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1865) * September 24 – Mahidol Adulyadej, Thai doctor, father of King Rama IX (b. 1892) * September 25 – Miller Huggins, American baseball manager, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1879) * September 27 – Johnny Hill, British, European, and World flyweight boxing champion (b. 1905) * September 29 – Tanaka Giichi, 26th Prime Minister of Japan (b. 1864)


October

* October 1 – Antoine Bourdelle, French sculptor (b. 1861) * October 3 ** Jeanne Eagels, American actress (b. 1890) ** Gustav Stresemann, German statesman, 16th Chancellor of Germany, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (b. 1878) * October 5 – Varghese Payyappilly Palakkappilly, Indian Syro-Malabar Catholic Church, Syro-Malabar Catholic priest and venerable (b. 1876) * October 20 – José Batlle y Ordóñez, 3-time President of Uruguay (b. 1856) * October 21 – Vasil Radoslavov, 7th Prime Minister of Bulgaria (b. 1854) * October 26 – Aby Warburg, German historian, cultural theorist (b. 1866) * October 27 ** Georg von der Marwitz, German general (b. 1856) ** Théodore Tuffier, French surgeon (b. 1857) * October 28 – Bernhard von Bülow, German count and statesman, 8th Chancellor of Germany (German Reich), Chancellor of Germany (b. 1849) * October 29 – Emily Robin, English Madame (b. 1874) * October 31 – António José de Almeida, Portuguese political figure, 64th Prime Minister of Portugal and 6th President of Portugal (b. 1866)


November

* November 1Habibullāh Kalakāni, deposed Emir of Afghanistan (b. 1891) * November 6 – Prince Maximilian of Baden, Chancellor of Germany (b. 1867) * November 14 – Joe McGinnity, American baseball player, MLB Hall of Famer (b. 1871) * November 15 – Léon Delacroix, former Prime Minister of Belgium (b. 1867) * November 17 – Herman Hollerith, American businessman, inventor (b. 1860) * November 24 ** Georges Clemenceau, Prime Minister of France, leader of the World War I (b. 1841) ** Raymond Hitchcock (actor), Raymond Hitchcock, American actor (b. 1865) * November 26 – Chandra Shumsher Jang Bahadur Rana, 13th Prime Minister of Nepal (b. 1863)


December

* December 10 **Frederick Abberline, Chief Inspector of the London Metropolitan Police, investigator in the Jack the Ripper murders (b. 1843) **Harry Crosby, American publisher, poet (b. 1898) * December 14 – Henry Jackson (Royal Navy officer), Henry B. Jackson, British admiral (b. 1855) * December 17 **Manuel Gomes da Costa, Portuguese general, politician and 10th President of Portugal (b. 1863) **Arthur G. Jones-Williams, British aviator (b. 1898) * December 20 – Émile Loubet, French politician, 8th President of France (b. 1838) * December 21 – I. L. Patterson, American politician, 18th Governor of Oregon (b. 1859) *
December 29 Events Pre-1600 *1170 – Thomas Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury, is assassinated inside Canterbury Cathedral by followers of King Henry II; he subsequently becomes a saint and martyr in the Anglican Communion and the Catholic Church. ...
– Wilhelm Maybach, German automobile designer (b. 1846)


Nobel Prizes

* Nobel Prize in Physics, Physics – Louis de Broglie * Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Chemistry – Arthur Harden, Hans Karl August Simon von Euler-Chelpin * Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Physiology or Medicine – Christiaan Eijkman, Sir Frederick Gowland Hopkins * Nobel Prize in Literature, Literature – Thomas Mann * Nobel Peace Prize, Peace – Frank Billings Kellogg


References


Sources


The 1930s Timeline: 1929
– from American Studies Programs at The University of Virginia {{DEFAULTSORT:1929 1929,