1926 In Science

The year 1926 in science and technology involved some significant events, listed below.

Astronomy and space exploration

* March 16 – Robert Goddard launches the first liquid-fueled rocket, at Auburn, Massachusetts. This was considered by some to be the start of the space age, although his rocket did not reach outer space.

Biology

* American microbiologist Selman Waksman publishes ''Enzymes''.
* ''The Quarterly Review of Biology'' is established by Raymond Pearl in the United States.

Chemistry

* Waldo Semon and the B.F. Goodrich Company develop a method of plasticizing polyvinyl chloride, giving it commercial potential.
* Phencyclidine ''(PCP, angel dust)'' is first synthesized.

Earth sciences

* Vladimir Vernadsky popularises the concept of the biosphere in a book (in Russian) of this title.

Exploration

* May 12 – Roald Amundsen, Umberto Nobile and crew fly over the North Pole in the airship ''Norge''.

Mathematics

* Otakar Borůvka publishes Borůvka's algorithm, introducing the greedy algorithm.

Medicine

* First vaccine for pertussis.
* American biogerontologist Raymond Pearl publishes his book ''Alcohol and Longevity'' demonstrating that drinking alcohol in moderation is associated with greater longevity than either abstaining or drinking heavily.
* Finnish physician Erik Adolf von Willebrand first describes ''Hereditär pseudohemofili'' ("Hereditary pseudohemophilia"), later known as Von Willebrand disease.
* German-Jewish dermatologist Walter Freudenthal gives the earliest clear histopathological description of keratoma senile (actinic keratosis), distinguishing it from verruca senilis (seborrheic keratosis), in Breslau.
* The description 'glioblastoma multiforme' is introduced by Percival Bailey and Harvey Cushing.

Meteorology

* Wasaburo Oishi first describes the jet stream.

Paleontology

* Gerhard Heilmann publishes '' The Origin of Birds'' (in English) on bird evolution.

Physics

* Wolfgang Pauli uses Werner Heisenberg's matrix theory of quantum mechanics to derive the observed spectrum of the hydrogen atom.

Technology

* January 26 – Scottish inventor John Logie Baird demonstrates his pioneering greyscale mechanical television system (which he calls a "televisor") at his London laboratory for members of the Royal Institution and a reporter from ''The Times''.
* February – Hidetsugu Yagi and Shintaro Uda publish the first description of the Yagi–Uda antenna.
* June 28 – A patent for an electric percussion fuse for explosive projectiles, invented by Herbert Rühlemann, is filed in Germany.
* July
** Alan A. Griffith publishes ''An Aerodynamic Theory of Turbine Design'', proposing an airfoil shape for turbine blades.
** Carl Zeiss, Jena, open a planetarium housed in a geodesic dome designed by Walther Bauersfeld.
* November 23 – The aerosol spray can is patented by Erik Rotheim, a Norwegian chemical engineer.
* The Einstein refrigerator is invented by Albert Einstein and Leo Szilard.
* Ulster-born engineer Harry Ferguson is granted a British patent for his 'Duplex' hitch linking tractor and plough.
* German engineer Andreas Stihl patents and develops an electric chainsaw.

Awards

* Nobel Prizes
** Physics – Jean Baptiste Perrin
** Chemistry – Theodor Svedberg
** Medicine – Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger
* Copley Medal: Frederick Hopkins
* Wollaston Medal for Geology: Henry Fairfield Osborn

Births

* January 11 – Lev Dyomin (died 1998), Soviet Russian cosmonaut.
* January 29 – Abdus Salam (died 1996), Punjabi theoretical physicist.
* February – David Medved (died 2009), American physicist.
* March 7 – Margaret Weston (died 2021), English electrical engineer and Director of the Science Museum, London.
* April 3 – Gus Grissom (died 1967), American astronaut.
* May 8 – David Attenborough, English broadcaster and naturalist.
* June 19 – Erna Schneider Hoover, American computer technologist.
* June 23 – Lawson Soulsby (died 2017), English parasitologist.
* July 27 – W. David Kingery (died 2000), American materials scientist specializing in ceramic materials.
* July 31
** Bernard Nathanson (died 2011), American medical doctor and activist.
** Hilary Putnam (died 2016), American philosopher, mathematician and computer scientist.
* September 4 – George William Gray (died 2013), Scottish chemist, discoverer of stable liquid crystal materials leading to the development of liquid-crystal displays.
* September 7 – Donald Pinkel, American pediatric hematologist and oncologist.
* September 15 – Jean-Pierre Serre, French mathematician.
* October 2 – Michio Suzuki (died 1998), Japanese mathematician.
* October 12 – Ruth L. Kirschstein (died 2009), American pathologist and science administrator at the National Institutes of Health.
* October 31 – Narinder Singh Kapany (died 2020), Punjabi-born physicist.
* November 29 – Dilhan Eryurt (died 2012), Turkish astrophysicist.
* December 10 – Neena Schwartz (died 2018), American endocrinologist.

Deaths

* March 5 – Clément Ader (born 1841), French engineer and inventor, airplane pioneer.
* April 11 – Luther Burbank (born 1849), American plant breeder.
* May 8 – Stephen Paget), English surgeon.
* July 21 – Washington Roebling (born 1837), American civil engineer.
* September 23 – Paul Kammerer (born 1880), Austrian Lamarckian biologist (suicide).
* October 7 – Emil Kraepelin (born 1856), German psychiatrist.
* October 10 – Clara H. Hasse (born 1880), American botanist.
* October 19 – Victor Babeș (born 1854), Romanian physician and bacteriologist.
* November 26 – John Browning (born 1855), American firearms designer.

References

{{DEFAULTSORT:1926 In Science

20th century in science
1920s in science